WO2011024872A1 - 縮合複素環誘導体およびその用途 - Google Patents
縮合複素環誘導体およびその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011024872A1 WO2011024872A1 PCT/JP2010/064413 JP2010064413W WO2011024872A1 WO 2011024872 A1 WO2011024872 A1 WO 2011024872A1 JP 2010064413 W JP2010064413 W JP 2010064413W WO 2011024872 A1 WO2011024872 A1 WO 2011024872A1
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- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 393
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 108010090739 Smoothened Receptor Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 102000013380 Smoothened Receptor Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 245
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 89
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 79
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 56
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 48
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- KAZZMXGQXSDZJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethoxy-6-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-n-[1-(2-hydroxyacetyl)piperidin-4-yl]-1-methyl-4-oxopyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide Chemical compound CN1C=2C=C(CC)N(C=3C=CC(F)=CC=3)C(=O)C=2C(OCC)=C1C(=O)NC1CCN(C(=O)CO)CC1 KAZZMXGQXSDZJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KEACQCKVXGWQNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-n-[1-(2-hydroxyacetyl)piperidin-4-yl]-1-methyl-4-oxo-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC=1C=2C(=O)N(C=3C=CC(F)=CC=3)C(CC)=CC=2N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1CCN(C(=O)CO)CC1 KEACQCKVXGWQNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JSSUKLYLXJSGQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-ethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-n-[1-(2-hydroxyacetyl)piperidin-4-yl]-1-methyl-4-oxo-3-propan-2-yloxypyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC=1C=2C(=O)N(C=3C=CC(F)=CC=3)C(CC)=CC=2N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1CCN(C(=O)CO)CC1 JSSUKLYLXJSGQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 1,1-dimethylbutyl Chemical group 0.000 description 291
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 275
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 154
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 124
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 110
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 106
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 89
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 76
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 74
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 68
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 63
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 61
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 58
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 56
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 52
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 32
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- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 32
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 31
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
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- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 28
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 25
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 25
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 23
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 22
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 21
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 20
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 20
- 244000060234 Gmelina philippensis Species 0.000 description 19
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 19
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- 125000004916 (C1-C6) alkylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 18
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 17
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 16
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 15
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 15
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 15
- HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(C#N)=C(C#N)C1=O HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 14
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- 239000012729 immediate-release (IR) formulation Substances 0.000 description 14
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 13
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- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 12
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 12
- KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound O.CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
- A61K31/4738—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4745—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems condensed with ring systems having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. phenantrolines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fused heterocyclic derivative and its use, and more particularly to a compound having a strong Smo inhibitory activity and useful for the prevention or treatment of cancer and the use thereof.
- the Hedgehog gene (hh) was found as one of the genes exhibiting morphological abnormalities in Drosophila Embryo due to its mutation.
- the Hedgehog gene product (Hh) is a secreted protein that is produced as a precursor of approximately 45 kDa and then undergoes autolysis to form the active body, the 20 kDa N-terminal domain and the 25 kDa C-terminal domain. It is divided into.
- the active body, the 20 kDa N-terminal domain is modified at the N-terminus with a fatty acid and at the C-terminus with cholesterol.
- the Hedgehog signal transduction system is formed by the protein group described below.
- the receptor for Hh is Patched (Ptch), a 12-transmembrane protein.
- Ptch acts on Smoothened (Smo), a seven-transmembrane protein, and suppresses the function of Smo in the absence of Hh.
- Smo Smoothened
- Smo seven-transmembrane protein
- the signal generated by the activation of Smo activates the transcription factor Ci and regulates the expression of genes involved in morphogenesis (Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 12, 503-511, 2002) ).
- Pathways corresponding to the Drosophila Hedgehog signaling system have also been identified in mammals.
- human Smo is known as a human gene corresponding to Drosophila Smo
- Ptch1 and Ptch2 are known as human genes corresponding to Drosophila Ptch.
- the transcription factor corresponding to Drosophila Ci is considered to be Gli in humans, and three types of Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3 are known (Nature Rev. Cancer, Vol. 2, 361-372, 2002). .
- Shh / Ihh / Dhh each binds to Ptch1 and activates Smo by inhibiting the binding between Ptch1 and Smo.
- Shh / Ihh / Dhh binds to Ptch1, Ptch2, Hip1, Gas1, and Cdo / Boc in addition to Ptch1 and controls Smo activation.
- Signal transduction from Smo causes nuclear translocation of Gli1 and Gli2, and activates transcription of Gli1 (Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 19, 159-165, 2007).
- the Hedgehog signal is also involved in morphogenesis during development.
- Shh mutations were found in patients with Holoprosencephaly, a congenital developmental abnormality in humans (Nat. Genet., 14, 357-360, 1996).
- Cyclopamine Am. J. Vet. Res., 24, 1164-1175, 1963
- white hellebore a natural compound derived from white hellebore, which is known as a compound causing monocular disease in sheep. It was confirmed that the compound is a compound that inhibits Smo as a mechanism of action (Development, 125, 3553-3562, 1998).
- Hedgehog signal which is an originally generated signal, is increased in tumor tissue and functions as a cancer cell proliferation and survival signal. In tumor tissues, the Hedgehog signal is considered to function in cancer cell growth and survival in Autocrine mode and in Paracrine mode between cancer cells and cancer stromal cells (Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 5, 1026-1033, 2006).
- Gli-1 transcriptional activation increases cell cycle control due to increased Cyclin D expression, decreased p21 expression, and increased proliferation signal due to EGFR pathway activation. work.
- Shh expressed in cancer cells acts on Smo of cancer stromal cells, so that, for example, insulin-like growth factor-1, fibroblast growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor are expressed from cancer stromal cells. Growth factors such as these are transmitted to cancer cells and function in the growth and survival of cancer cells.
- Gli-1 is thought to enhance tumor angiogenesis by enhancing VEGF, PDGF pathway, etc. (Clin Cancer Res., 12, 5924-5928, 2006).
- Hedgehog signal enhancement cancers in which Hedgehog signal is enhanced by mutation of Ptch1 and cancers that are enhanced by overexpression of one of the ligands Shh have been reported (Nature Rev. Cancer). , Volume 3, pages 903-911, 2003).
- the basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastoma are known as cancers in which the Hedgehog signal is enhanced by the mutation, and the mutation of Ptch1 observed in these cancers activates the Hedgehog signal in a ligand-independent manner ( Am. J. Med. Gen., 123A, 5-28, 2003).
- pancreatic cancer (Nature, 425, 846-851, 2003) has been reported as a cancer whose Hedgehog signal is enhanced by overexpression of Shh.
- Hedgehog signal functions in the growth and survival of cancer stem cells and is thought to play an important role in tumor metastasis or recurrence after surgery (Trends Cell Biol., 17, 438-447, 2007). The following are known as Hedgehog signal inhibitors.
- Cymopamine a natural product inhibitor compound of Smo
- Cymopamine has been reported to have a tumor growth inhibitory effect against glioma (Development, 128, 5201-5212, 2001).
- synthetic low molecular weight compounds that inhibit Smo CUR-61414 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 4616-4621, 2003), SANT-1, 2, 3, 4 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99, 14071-14076, 2002).
- Hedgohog signal-inhibiting antibodies it has been reported that regression of cancer was observed when anti-Shh antibodies were administered to tumor-bearing nude mice transplanted with colon cancer cell line HT-29 (WO2004 / 020599).
- Patent Documents 1 to 5 describe fused heterocyclic compounds.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a compound having excellent Smo inhibitory activity, low toxicity and sufficiently satisfactory as a pharmaceutical product.
- the present inventors have found that a compound represented by the following formula or a salt thereof has excellent Smo inhibitory activity, and has completed the present invention. That is, the present invention is as follows. [1] Expression
- X C represents NR C1 , a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom
- R C1 represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 alkyl group
- R C2 represents a carbamoyl group which may have a substituent
- R C3 represents a hydroxy group which may have a substituent
- R C5 represents a cyclic group which may have a substituent
- R C6 represents an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl group
- R C7 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a C 1-6 alkyl group.
- X C is NR C1 (R C1 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 alkyl group); R C2 is (1) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl group, (2) an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkynyl group, (3) a C 3-8 cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent, (4) a C 6-10 aryl group which may have a substituent, and (5) a carbamoyl group optionally having 1 or 2 substituents selected from an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; R C3 is an optionally halogenated C 1-6 alkoxy group; R C5 is (1) a C 6-10 aryl group which may have a substituent, or (2) a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent; The compound or a salt thereof according to the above [1], wherein R C6 is a C 1-6 alkyl group; and R C7
- the compound of the present invention has a strong Smo inhibitory effect, it can provide clinically useful preventive or therapeutic agents for cancer, cancer growth inhibitors, and cancer metastasis inhibitors.
- halogen atom refers to a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
- C 1-6 alkyl group means, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl.
- C 2-6 alkenyl group means, for example, ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 3- Methyl-2-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl and the like are shown.
- C 2-6 alkynyl group means, for example, ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentyl Examples include pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1,1-dimethylprop-2-yn-1-yl, 1-hexynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 4-hexynyl, 5-hexynyl and the like.
- C 1-6 alkoxy group means, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentoxy, isopentoxy, hexoxy and the like.
- the “optionally halogenated C 1-6 alkoxy group” has, for example, a halogen atom (preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3) at a substitutable position.
- a halogen atom preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3
- C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group means, for example, acetyl, ethylcarbonyl, propylcarbonyl, isopropylcarbonyl, butylcarbonyl, isobutylcarbonyl, sec-butylcarbonyl, tert-butylcarbonyl, pentylcarbonyl, Hexylcarbonyl and the like are shown.
- C 1-6 alkoxy-carbonyl group means, for example, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl, isobutoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl and the like.
- C 3-8 cycloalkyl group means, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl and the like.
- C 3-8 cycloalkane refers to, for example, cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane and the like.
- C 3-6 cycloalkane means, for example, cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane and the like.
- the “C 3-8 cycloalkenyl group” means, for example, cyclopropenyl (eg, 2-cyclopropen-1-yl), cyclobutenyl (eg, 2-cyclobuten-1-yl), cyclopentenyl ( Examples include 2-cyclopenten-1-yl, 3-cyclopenten-1-yl), cyclohexenyl (eg, 2-cyclohexen-1-yl, 3-cyclohexen-1-yl) and the like.
- C 6-10 aryl group means, for example, phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl and the like.
- C 6-10 arene means, for example, benzene, naphthalene and the like.
- the “C 7-13 aralkyl group” refers to, for example, benzyl, phenethyl, naphthylmethyl and the like.
- C 6-10 aryl-carbonyl group means, for example, benzoyl, 1-naphthoyl, 2-naphthoyl and the like.
- heterocyclic group means an aromatic heterocyclic group (eg, 5- to 12-membered aromatic heterocyclic group) and a non-aromatic heterocyclic group (eg, 4- to 12-membered non-aromatic group).
- aromatic heterocyclic group refers to a monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group and a condensed aromatic heterocyclic group. Examples of the monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group include hetero atoms selected from oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms (which may be oxidized) and nitrogen atoms (which may be oxidized) in addition to carbon atoms as ring constituent atoms.
- 5- to 7-membered (preferably 5- or 6-membered) monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic groups containing 1 to 4 atoms such as furyl (eg 2-furyl, 3-furyl), thienyl (eg , 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl), pyridyl (eg, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl), pyrimidinyl (eg, 2-pyrimidinyl, 4-pyrimidinyl, 5-pyrimidinyl), pyridazinyl (eg, 3-pyridinyl) Pyridazinyl, 4-pyridazinyl), pyrazinyl (eg, 2-pyrazinyl), pyrrolyl (eg, 1-pyrrolyl, 2-pyrrolyl, 3-pyrrolyl), imidazolyl (eg, 1-imidazolyl, -Imidazolyl, 4-imidazolyl, 5-imidazolyl), pyrazoly
- fused aromatic heterocyclic group for example, 8 to 12-membered fused aromatic heterocyclic group, specifically, ring and C corresponding to the monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic groups of 5 to 7 membered 6
- quinolyl eg, 2-quinolyl, 3-quinolyl, 4-quinolyl, 6-quinolyl
- isoquinolyl eg, 3-isoquinolyl
- quinazolyl eg, 2-quinazolyl, 4 -Quinazolyl
- quinoxalyl eg, 2-quinoxalyl, 6-quinoxalyl
- benzofuranyl eg, 2-benzofuranyl, 3-benzofuranyl
- benzothienyl eg, 2-benzothienyl, 3-benz
- non-aromatic heterocyclic group refers to a monocyclic non-aromatic heterocyclic group and a condensed non-aromatic heterocyclic group.
- the monocyclic non-aromatic heterocyclic group include a hetero atom selected from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom (the sulfur atom may be oxidized) and a nitrogen atom in addition to a carbon atom as a ring-constituting atom.
- azetidinyl eg 1-azetidinyl, 2-azetidinyl
- pyrrolidinyl eg 1 -Pyrrolidinyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl
- piperidyl eg, piperidino, 2-piperidyl, 3-piperidyl
- morpholinyl eg, morpholino
- thiomorpholinyl eg, thiomorpholino
- piperazinyl eg, 1-piperazinyl, 2-piperazinyl, 3-piperazinyl
- oxazolidinyl eg, oxazolidin-2-yl
- thiazolidinyl eg, thiazolidin-2) Yl
- imidazolidinyl eg, imidazolidin-2-yl, imidazolidin-3-yl
- imidazolidinyl eg, imidazolidin-2-yl, imid
- fused non-aromatic heterocyclic group examples include, for example, an 8- to 12-membered fused non-aromatic heterocyclic group, specifically, a ring corresponding to the 4- to 7-membered monocyclic non-aromatic heterocyclic group.
- a group derived from a condensed ring formed by condensation of C 6-10 arene; from a condensed ring formed by condensation of rings corresponding to the 4- to 7-membered monocyclic non-aromatic heterocyclic group A derived group; a ring corresponding to the 4- to 7-membered monocyclic non-aromatic heterocyclic group and a ring corresponding to the 5- to 7-membered monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group are condensed to form Groups derived from fused rings; groups obtained by partial saturation of these groups include, for example, dihydroindolyl (eg, 2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl), Dihydroisoindolyl (eg, 1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindole-2-y Dihydrobenzofuranyl (eg, 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl), tetrahydrobenzofuranyl (eg,
- heterocycle means an aromatic heterocycle (eg, 5- to 12-membered aromatic heterocycle) and a non-aromatic heterocycle (eg, 4- to 12-membered non-aromatic heterocycle).
- aromatic heterocycle refers to a monocyclic aromatic heterocycle and a condensed aromatic heterocycle.
- monocyclic aromatic heterocycle include heteroatoms selected from oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms (which may be oxidized) and nitrogen atoms (which may be oxidized) in addition to carbon atoms as ring-constituting atoms.
- 5- to 7-membered (preferably 5- or 6-membered) monocyclic aromatic heterocycles such as furan, thiophene, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole, Examples include thiazole, isothiazole, oxazole, isoxazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole, triazole, tetrazole, and triazine.
- the fused aromatic heterocycle includes, for example, an 8- to 12-membered fused aromatic heterocycle, specifically, the 5- to 7-membered monocyclic aromatic heterocycle and a C 6-10 arene.
- a condensed ring formed by condensation of the 5- to 7-membered monocyclic aromatic heterocycles specifically, for example, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, quinoxaline, benzofuran, benzo Thiophene, benzoxazole, benzisoxazole, benzothiazole, benzisothiazole, benzimidazole, benzotriazole, indole, isoindole, indazole, pyrrolopyrazine (eg, 1H-pyrrolo [2,3-b] pyrazine), imidazopyridine ( Examples 2H-imidazo [1,2-a] pyridine, 1H-imidazo [4,5-b] pyridine, 1H-imidazo [4,5-c] pyridine), thienopyridine (eg, thieno [2,3-b] pyridine), imidazopyrazine (eg, 1H-imidazo [4,5-b] pyrazine),
- non-aromatic heterocycle refers to a monocyclic non-aromatic heterocycle and a condensed non-aromatic heterocycle.
- monocyclic non-aromatic heterocycle include, in addition to a carbon atom as a ring-constituting atom, a hetero atom selected from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom (the sulfur atom may be oxidized) and a nitrogen atom.
- fused non-aromatic heterocycle examples include, for example, an 8- to 12-membered fused non-aromatic heterocycle, specifically, the 4- to 7-membered monocyclic non-aromatic heterocycle and a C 6-10 arene.
- Specific examples thereof include dihydroindole (eg, 2, 3).
- dihydroisoindole eg, 1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindole
- dihydrobenzofuran eg, 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
- tetrahydrobenzofuran eg, 4,5 , 6,7-Tetrahydro -1-benzofuran
- dihydrobenzodioxin eg, 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin
- dihydrobenzodioxepin eg, 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin
- Chromene dihydrochromene (eg, 3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene), dihydroquinoline (eg, 1,2-dihydroquinoline), tetrahydroquinoline (eg, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline), Dihydroisoquinoline (eg,
- the “nitrogen-containing heterocycle” includes, for example, at least one nitrogen atom other than a carbon atom as a ring-constituting atom, and one or two selected from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom and a nitrogen atom
- a 5- to 7-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring which may contain a hetero atom is shown.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocycle include pyrrolidine, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, thiazolidine, oxazolidine and the like.
- the “heterocycle-carbonyl group” includes a carbonyl group substituted with the above-mentioned “heterocycle group”.
- Specific examples of the heterocyclic-carbonyl group include pyrrolylcarbonyl, pyrazolylcarbonyl, pyridylcarbonyl, pyrrolidinylcarbonyl, thienylcarbonyl, furylcarbonyl, thiazolylcarbonyl, oxazolylcarbonyl, piperidinocarbonyl, piperazinyl Examples include carbonyl, morpholinocarbonyl, thiomorpholinocarbonyl, tetrahydrobenzo [c] azepinylcarbonyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinylcarbonyl and the like.
- C 3-8 cycloalkyl-carbonyl group means, for example, cyclopropylcarbonyl, cyclobutylcarbonyl, cyclopentylcarbonyl, cyclohexylcarbonyl, cycloheptylcarbonyl, cyclooctylcarbonyl and the like.
- the C 1-6 alkyl group substituent which may be possessed by the "C 1-6 alkyl group optionally having a substituent", for example, from the following substituent group A
- substituent group A examples of the substituent are as follows.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it can be substituted, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- Substituent group A (1) a halogen atom; (2) a cyano group; (3) a nitro group; (4) hydroxy group; (5) a carboxy group; (6) (a) a halogen atom, (b) a hydroxy group, (c) a C 1-6 alkyl group optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms, (d) 1 to 3 of a C 1-6 alkoxy group optionally having halogen atom, and (e) to 1 selected from oxo group which may have a three substituents C 3- 8 cycloalkyl groups; (7) (a) a halogen atom, (b) a hydroxy group, (c) a C 1-6 alkyl group optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms, and (d) a C 1-6 alkoxy group optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms.
- a C 6-10 aryl group optionally having 1 to 3 substituents (8) (a) a halogen atom, (b) a hydroxy group, (c) a C 1-6 alkyl group optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms, and (d) a C 1-6 alkoxy group optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms.
- a member (preferably 5 or 6 member) aromatic heterocyclic group and (e) (i) a C 1-6 alkyl group optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms, (ii) a hydroxy group, (iii) a C 1-6 alkoxy group optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms, (iv) a halogen atom, and (v) a 4- to 12-membered (preferably 4- to 7-membered) non-aromatic heterocyclic group optionally having 1 to 3 substituents selected from an oxo group An optionally substituted C 1-6 alkoxy-carbonyl group; (14) a C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl group (eg, methylsulfonyl, ethyl) which may have 1 to 3 substituents selected from (a) a halogen atom, and (b) a C 1-6 alkoxy group Sulfonyl, isopropylsulfonyl); (15) C 6-10 ary
- a 5- to 12-membered (preferably 5- or 6-membered) aromatic heterocyclic group optionally having 1 to 3 substituents and (h) (i) a halogen atom, (ii) a hydroxy group, (iii) a C 1-6 alkyl group optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms, (iv) a C 1-6 alkoxy group which may have 1 to 3 halogen atoms, and (v) 1 to 3 substituents selected from oxo groups, which may have 4 to 12 substituents.
- Non-aromatic heterocyclic-carbonyl group eg, pyrrolidinylcarbonyl, morpholinylcarbonyl
- (28) C 3-8 cycloalkyl-carbonyl group eg, benzyloxycarbonyl
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- the C 2-6 substituent which may be alkynyl groups have "good C 2-6 alkynyl group optionally having substituents", for example, selected from the substituent group A
- the substituent which can be mentioned is mentioned.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- the substituent which can be mentioned is mentioned.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- examples of the substituent that the C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group of the “ optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group” may have include the substituents described above.
- examples include substituents selected from Group A.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- C 6-10 substituent which may be aryl groups have the "optionally C 6-10 aryl group optionally having substituents", for example, from the following substituent group B
- substituent group B examples of the substituent are as follows.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- Substituent group B (1) a substituent selected from the substituent group A; (2) (a) a halogen atom, (b) a hydroxy group, (c) a carboxy group, (d) a C 1-6 alkoxy group, (e) a C 1-6 alkoxy-carbonyl group, (f) having an amino group optionally having 1 or 2 C 1-6 alkyl groups, and (g) having 1 to 3 substituents selected from C 6-10 aryl-carbonyl groups.
- a C 1-6 alkyl group (3) (a) a halogen atom, (b) a hydroxy group, (c) a carboxy group, (d) a C 1-6 alkoxy group, (e) having 1 to 3 substituents selected from a C 1-6 alkoxy-carbonyl group, and (f) an amino group optionally having 1 or 2 C 1-6 alkyl groups.
- a C 2-6 alkenyl group and (4) (a) a halogen atom, (b) a hydroxy group, (c) a C 1-6 alkyl group optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms, and (d) 1 to 3 substituents selected from C 1-6 alkoxy groups A good C 7-13 aralkyl group.
- examples of the substituent that the C 3-8 cycloalkyl group of the “ optionally substituted C 3-8 cycloalkyl group” may have include the following substituents C And substituents selected from the group.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- Substituent group C (1) a substituent selected from the substituent group A; (2) (a) a halogen atom, (b) a hydroxy group, (c) a carboxy group, (d) a C 1-6 alkoxy group, (e) a C 1-6 alkoxy-carbonyl group, (f) having an amino group optionally having 1 or 2 C 1-6 alkyl groups, and (g) having 1 to 3 substituents selected from C 6-10 aryl-carbonyl groups.
- a C 1-6 alkyl group (3) (a) a halogen atom, (b) a hydroxy group, (c) a carboxy group, (d) a C 1-6 alkoxy group, (e) having 1 to 3 substituents selected from a C 1-6 alkoxy-carbonyl group, and (f) an amino group optionally having 1 or 2 C 1-6 alkyl groups. Or a C 2-6 alkenyl group; (4) (a) a halogen atom, (b) a hydroxy group, (c) a C 1-6 alkyl group which may have 1 to 3 halogen atoms, and (d) 1 to 3 substituents selected from C 1-6 alkoxy groups. A good C 7-13 aralkyl group; and (5) Oxo group.
- examples of the substituent that the C 6-10 aryl-carbonyl group of the “ optionally substituted C 6-10 aryl-carbonyl group” may have include the substituents described above.
- examples include substituents selected from Group B.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- the aromatic heterocyclic group when the heterocyclic group of the “optionally substituted heterocyclic group” is an “aromatic heterocyclic group”, the aromatic heterocyclic group may have a substituent
- the substituent include a substituent selected from the substituent group B.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it can be substituted, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3.
- each substituent may be the same or different.
- the heterocyclic group of “optionally substituted heterocyclic group” is “non-aromatic heterocyclic group”
- the non-aromatic heterocyclic group optionally substituted
- the group include a substituent selected from the substituent group C.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it can be substituted, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3.
- each substituent may be the same or different.
- the heterocyclic-carbonyl group of the “optionally substituted heterocyclic-carbonyl group” is an “aromatic heterocyclic-carbonyl group”
- the aromatic heterocyclic-carbonyl group is examples of the substituent which may be included include a substituent selected from the substituent group B.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it can be substituted, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- the heterocycle-carbonyl of the “optionally substituted heterocycle-carbonyl group” is a “nonaromatic heterocycle-carbonyl group”
- the nonaromatic heterocycle-carbonyl group is Examples of the substituent that may have include a substituent selected from the above-mentioned substituent group C.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it can be substituted, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- the “amino group optionally having a substituent” is, for example, (1) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl group; (2) an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkenyl group; (3) an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkynyl group; (4) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkoxy group; (5) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group; (6) an optionally substituted C 3-8 cycloalkyl group; (7) an optionally substituted C 6-10 aryl group; (8) an optionally substituted C 6-10 aryl-carbonyl group; (9) a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent; (10) an optionally substituted heterocycle-carbonyl group; An “amino group” optionally having 1 or 2 substituents selected from the above.
- nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring when the “optionally substituted amino group” is an amino group having two substituents, these substituents together with adjacent nitrogen atoms form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring. May be.
- nitrogen-containing heterocycles include 5- to 7-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocycle may further have a substituent. Examples of such a substituent include a substituent selected from the above-mentioned substituent group C.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- optionally substituted carbamoyl group means, for example, (1) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl group; (2) an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkenyl group; (3) an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkynyl group; (4) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkoxy group; (5) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group; (6) an optionally substituted C 3-8 cycloalkyl group; (7) an optionally substituted C 6-10 aryl group; (8) an optionally substituted C 6-10 aryl-carbonyl group; (9) a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent; (10) an optionally substituted heterocycle-carbonyl group; A “carbamoyl group” optionally having 1 or 2 substituents selected from the above.
- the “optionally substituted carbamoyl group” is a carbamoyl group having two substituents
- these substituents together with the adjacent nitrogen atom form a nitrogen-containing heterocycle. May be.
- Specific examples of such nitrogen-containing heterocycles include 5- to 7-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocycle may further have a substituent. Examples of such a substituent include a substituent selected from the above-mentioned substituent group C.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- examples of the “optionally substituted hydroxy group” include: (1) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl group; (2) an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkenyl group; (3) an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkynyl group; (4) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group; (5) a C 3-8 cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent; (6) an optionally substituted C 6-10 aryl group; (7) an optionally substituted C 6-10 aryl-carbonyl group; (8) a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent; (9) an optionally substituted heterocycle-carbonyl group; And a hydroxy group which may be substituted with a substituent selected from the above.
- examples of the “optionally substituted mercapto group” include: (1) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl group; (2) an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkenyl group; (3) an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkynyl group; (4) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkoxy group; (5) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group; (6) an optionally substituted C 3-8 cycloalkyl group; (7) an optionally substituted C 6-10 aryl group; (8) an optionally substituted C 6-10 aryl-carbonyl group; (9) a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent; (10) an optionally substituted heterocycle-carbonyl group; A mercapto group which may be substituted with a substituent selected from the above.
- the “cyclic group” of the “cyclic group optionally having substituent (s)” is, for example, a C 3-8 cycloalkyl group, a C 3-8 cycloalkane and a benzene ring condensed together.
- a group derived from a condensed ring to be formed eg, indanyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl
- a C 6-10 aryl group eg, an aromatic heterocyclic group, a non-aromatic heterocyclic group and the like are shown.
- the C 3-8 cycloalkyl group may have a substituent
- the substituent include a substituent selected from the substituent group C.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- the “optionally substituted cyclic group” may have a substituent
- substituents that the condensed ring group may have include a substituent selected from the above-described substituent group C.
- the position of the substituent is not particularly limited as long as it can be substituted by either a benzene ring moiety or a C 3-8 cycloalkane moiety.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- the C 6-10 aryl group may have
- the substituent selected from the said substituent B group is mentioned.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it is a substitutable number, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- cyclic group which may have a substituent is an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent
- substituents which the aromatic heterocyclic group may have include: And substituents selected from the substituent group B.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it can be substituted, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- the “cyclic group which may have a substituent” is a non-aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent
- the substituent which the non-aromatic heterocyclic group may have,
- the substituent selected from the said substituent C group is mentioned.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited as long as it can be substituted, but is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3. When a plurality of substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different.
- X C represents NR C1 , a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom.
- R C1 represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 alkyl group.
- X C is preferably NR C1 or a sulfur atom, and more preferably NR C1 .
- R C1 is preferably a C 1-6 alkyl group (eg, methyl), more preferably methyl.
- R C2 represents a carbamoyl group which may have a substituent.
- R C2 is preferably (1) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl group, (2) an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkynyl group, (3) a C 3-8 cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent, (4) a C 6-10 aryl group which may have a substituent, and (5) A carbamoyl group optionally having 1 or 2 substituents selected from a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.
- R C2 is more preferably (1) (a) a C 1-6 alkyl group optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, and (b) a C 1-6 alkyl optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups -Carbonyl groups (eg acetyl) A 4- to 12-membered (preferably 4- to 7-membered) non-aromatic heterocyclic group (eg, piperidyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, which may have 1 to 3 substituents selected from 1-oxidetetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1,1-dioxidetetrahydrothiopyranyl); (2) a C 3-8 cycloalkyl group (eg, cyclohexyl) optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups; and (3) (a) a C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl group (eg, ethylsulfonyl) optionally having 1 to 3 C 1-6 alkoxy groups
- R C2 is more preferably (1) (a) a C 1-6 alkyl group optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, (b) a C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group (eg, acetyl) optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, and (c) 1 to 3 substituents selected from an oxo group Optionally 4 to 12 membered (preferably 4 to 7 membered) non-aromatic heterocyclic group (eg, morpholinyl, piperidyl, azepanyl); (2) (a) a hydroxy group, (b) a C 1-6 alkyl group (eg, methyl) optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, (c) a carbamoyl group, (d) a cyano group, (e) a C 2-6 alkynyl group (eg, ethynyl), and (f) a 5- to 12-membered (preferably 5- or 6-membered) aromatic heterocyclic group (eg, thi
- a C 3-8 cycloalkyl group (eg, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl) optionally having 1 to 3 substituents selected from: (3) (a) a C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl group (eg, ethylsulfonyl) optionally having 1 to 3 C 1-6 alkoxy groups (eg, methoxy), (b) an amino group having one C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group (eg, acetyl) optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, (c) an amino group having 1 or 2 C 1-6 alkyl groups (eg, methyl, ethyl) optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, (d) a C 6-10 aryl group (eg, phenyl) optionally having 1 to 3 C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl groups (eg, methylsulfonyl), (e) a 4- to 12-membered (preferably 4- to 7-
- R C3 represents a hydroxy group which may have a substituent.
- R C3 is preferably a also a C 1-6 alkoxy group optionally halogenated, more preferably 1 to 3 halogen atoms (e.g., fluorine atom) may have a C 1-6 An alkoxy group (eg, ethoxy, isopropoxy);
- R C5 represents a cyclic group which may have a substituent.
- R C5 is preferably (1) a C 6-10 aryl group which may have a substituent, or (2) A heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.
- R C5 is more preferably (1) (a) a halogen atom (eg, fluorine atom, chlorine atom), (b) a C 1-6 alkyl group (eg, methyl, ethyl) optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms (eg, fluorine atom), and (c) a C 1-6 alkoxy group (eg, Methoxy, isopropoxy)
- a C 6-10 aryl group eg, phenyl, naphthyl
- substituents selected from: (2) (a) a halogen atom (eg, fluorine atom), (b) a C 1-6 alkyl group (eg, methyl), and (c) a C 1-6 alkoxy
- R C5 is still more preferably (1) (a) a halogen atom (eg, fluorine atom, chlorine atom), (b) a C 1-6 alkyl group (eg, methyl, ethyl) optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms (eg, fluorine atom), and (c) a C 1-6 alkoxy group (eg, Methoxy, isopropoxy) Or phenyl optionally having 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of
- R C6 represents a C 1-6 alkyl group which may have a substituent.
- R C6 is preferably a C 1-6 alkyl group (eg, methyl, ethyl).
- R C7 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a C 1-6 alkyl group.
- R C7 is preferably a hydrogen atom.
- X C is NR C1 (R C1 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 alkyl group (eg, methyl)), a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom (preferably X C is NR C1 and R C1 Is methyl);
- R C2 is (1) an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl group, (2) an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkynyl group, (3) a C 3-8 cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent, (4) a C 6-10 aryl group which may have a substituent, and (5) a carbamoyl group optionally having 1 or 2 substituents selected from an optionally substituted heterocyclic group;
- R C3 is an optionally halogenated C 1-6 alkoxy group;
- R C5 is (1) a C 6-10 aryl group which may have a substituent, or (2) a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent;
- X C is NR C1 , a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom (preferably NR C1 or a sulfur atom);
- R C1 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 alkyl group (eg, methyl) (preferably a C 1-6 alkyl group (eg, methyl));
- R C2 is (1) (a) a C 1-6 alkyl group optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, and (b) a C 1-6 alkyl optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups -Carbonyl groups (eg acetyl)
- a 4- to 12-membered (preferably 4- to 7-membered) non-aromatic heterocyclic group for example, piperidyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, which may have 1 to 3 substituents selected from 1-oxidetetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1,1-dioxidetetrahydrothiopyranyl);
- X C is NR C1 (R C1 is methyl);
- R C2 is (1) (a) a C 1-6 alkyl group optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, (b) a C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group (eg, acetyl) optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, and (c) 1 to 3 substituents selected from an oxo group Optionally 4 to 12 membered (preferably 4 to 7 membered) non-aromatic heterocyclic group (eg, morpholinyl, piperidyl, azepanyl); (2) (a) a hydroxy group, (b) a C 1-6 alkyl group (eg, methyl) optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, (c) a carbamoyl group, (d) a cyano group, (e) a C 2-6 alkynyl group (eg, ethynyl), and (f) a 5- to 12-membere
- a C 3-8 cycloalkyl group (eg, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl) optionally having 1 to 3 substituents selected from: (3) (a) a C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl group (eg, ethylsulfonyl) optionally having 1 to 3 C 1-6 alkoxy groups (eg, methoxy), (b) an amino group having one C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group (eg, acetyl) optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, (c) an amino group having 1 or 2 C 1-6 alkyl groups (eg, methyl, ethyl) optionally having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, (d) a C 6-10 aryl group (eg, phenyl) optionally having 1 to 3 C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl groups (eg, methylsulfonyl), (e) a 4- to 12-membered (preferably 4- to 7-
- Examples of the salt in compound (CI) include metal salts, ammonium salts, salts with organic bases, salts with inorganic acids, salts with organic acids, salts with basic or acidic amino acids, and the like.
- the metal salt include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt and potassium salt; alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt, magnesium salt and barium salt; aluminum salt and the like.
- the salt with organic base include, for example, trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine, picoline, 2,6-lutidine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, N, N′-dibenzyl.
- Examples include salts with ethylenediamine and the like.
- Preferable examples of the salt with inorganic acid include salts with hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and the like.
- Preferable examples of the salt with organic acid include, for example, formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, phthalic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzene And salts with sulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and the like.
- salts with basic amino acids include salts with arginine, lysine, ornithine and the like
- salts with acidic amino acids include salts with aspartic acid, glutamic acid and the like. Is mentioned. Of these, pharmaceutically acceptable salts are preferred.
- inorganic salts such as alkali metal salts (eg, sodium salts, potassium salts), alkaline earth metal salts (eg, calcium salts, magnesium salts), ammonium salts, etc.
- a salt with an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, or acetic acid, phthalic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid
- organic acids such as tartaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid.
- the raw material compound and the production intermediate may be a salt.
- salts include the same salts as those in the aforementioned compound (CI).
- the compound obtained in each step can be used in the next reaction as a reaction solution or as a crude product, but from the reaction mixture according to a conventional method (for example, separation means such as recrystallization, distillation, chromatography) It may be isolated.
- the raw material compound when the raw material compound has an amino group, a carboxy group, or a hydroxy group as a substituent, these groups may be protected with a protecting group that is generally used in peptide chemistry or the like.
- the target compound can be obtained by removing the protecting group as necessary after the reaction.
- the protection reaction and the deprotection reaction are carried out according to a method known per se, for example, the method described in Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis 3rd edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 1999.
- Examples of the protecting group for amino group include formyl group, C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group, C 1-6 alkoxy-carbonyl group, benzoyl group, C 7-10 aralkyl-carbonyl group (eg, benzylcarbonyl), C 7-14 aralkyloxy-carbonyl group (eg, benzyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl), trityl group, phthaloyl group, N, N-dimethylaminomethylene group, substituted silyl group (eg, trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, Dimethylphenylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, tert-butyldiethylsilyl), C 2-6 alkenyl groups (eg, 1-allyl) and the like.
- C 7-10 aralkyl-carbonyl group eg, benzylcarbonyl
- These groups may be substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from a halogen atom, a C 1-6 alkoxy group and a nitro group.
- the protecting group for the carboxy group include a C 1-6 alkyl group, a C 7-11 aralkyl group (eg, benzyl), a phenyl group, a trityl group, a substituted silyl group (eg, trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, dimethylphenylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, tert-butyldiethylsilyl), C 2-6 alkenyl groups (eg, 1-allyl) and the like.
- Examples of the protecting group for the hydroxy group include a C 1-6 alkyl group, a phenyl group, a trityl group, a C 7-10 aralkyl group (eg, benzyl), a formyl group, a C 1-6 alkyl-carbonyl group, a benzoyl group, C 7-10 aralkyl-carbonyl group (eg, benzylcarbonyl), 2-tetrahydropyranyl group, 2-tetrahydrofuranyl group, substituted silyl group (eg, trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, dimethylphenylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, tert -Butyldiethylsilyl), C 2-6 alkenyl groups (eg, 1-allyl) and the like. These groups may be substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from a halogen atom, a C 1-6 alkyl group, a C
- alcohols include methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, tert-butyl alcohol, and the like.
- ethers include diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, diphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and the like.
- esters include ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, tert-butyl acetate and the like.
- hydrocarbons examples include benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclohexane, hexane, pentane, and the like.
- amides examples include N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, hexamethylphosphoric triamide and the like.
- halogenated hydrocarbons examples include dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, chlorobenzene, and the like.
- nitriles for example, acetonitrile, propionitrile and the like are used.
- ketones for example, acetone, 2-butanone and the like are used.
- organic acids include formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, methanesulfonic acid and the like.
- aromatic amines for example, pyridine, 2,6-lutidine, quinoline and the like are used.
- sulfoxides include dimethyl sulfoxide.
- Compound (CI) can be produced, for example, by the following [Method CA] or a method analogous thereto.
- [CA method] Compound (CI) is produced by hydrolyzing compound (CIII) and condensing the obtained compound (CII) with an amine.
- R C8 represents a C 1-6 alkyl group or a C 7-13 aralkyl group, and other symbols are as defined above.
- R C8 is preferably ethyl.
- the reaction from compound (CIII) to compound (CII) can be performed by subjecting compound (CIII) to a hydrolysis reaction in the presence of an acid or a base in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction.
- an acid or a base in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction.
- the acid include hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
- the base for example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide and the like are used.
- the amount of the acid or base to be used is generally 1 to 20 mol, preferably 1 to 10 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIII).
- the catalyst for the catalytic hydrogenation reaction for example, Raney nickel; platinum oxide; palladium, ruthenium, rhodium or iridium supported on activated carbon, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, or the like is used.
- the amount of the catalyst to be used is generally 0.01-1 mol, preferably 0.05-0.5 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIII).
- the hydrogen source for example, hydrogen, cyclohexene, hydrazine, ammonium formate, or the like is used.
- the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, alcohols, hydrocarbons, ketones, nitriles, amides, esters, organic acids, water, etc.
- the reaction temperature is usually 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 60 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- the reaction from compound (CII) to compound (CI) can be carried out by condensing compound (CII) and an amine corresponding to R C2 in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction, using a condensing agent. .
- a base such as a tertiary amine can be added as necessary.
- the condensing agent examples include carbodiimide (eg, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD), water-soluble carbodiimide (WSCD)), phosphate ester (eg, diethyl cyanophosphonate, diethyl chlorophosphonate, diphenylphosphoroazide), BOP reagent ( Examples 1H-benzotriazol-1-yloxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP)), O- (7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl) N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethyluronium Hexafluorophosphate (HATU), 2-ethoxy-1-ethoxycarbonyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ), carbonyldiimidazole and the like can be mentioned, among which WSCD and HATU are preferable.
- DCCD dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
- WSCD water
- the amount of the amine corresponding to R C2 to be used is generally 1 to 10 mol, preferably 1 to 2 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CII).
- the amount of the condensing agent to be used is generally 1 to 10 mol, preferably 1 to 2 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CII).
- Examples of the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, ketones, nitriles, amides, esters, etc. Among them, ethers and amides are preferable. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is usually 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 60 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- the amine corresponding to R C2 is commercially available, or can be produced from the corresponding starting material compound by a method known per se.
- Compound (CIII) can be produced, for example, according to the following [Method CB] or a method analogous thereto. [CB method]
- Q C1 represents a leaving group
- R C9 represents a C 1-6 alkyl group
- other symbols are as defined above.
- the "leaving group" represented by Q C1 for example, a halogen atom, 1 to 3 substituents have a halogen atom C 1-6 alkylsulfonyloxy group (e.g., methylsulfonyloxy, ethyl sulfonyloxy , Trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy), a C 6-10 arylsulfonyloxy group (eg, benzenesulfonyloxy, 4-toluenesulfonyloxy) optionally substituted with 1 to 3 C 1-6 alkyl groups, methyl mercapto Group, methanesulfonyl group and the like, and a halogen atom is preferable among them.
- Conversion of the hydroxy group of compound (CVIII) to the leaving group Q C1 can be carried out using a halogenating reagent in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction or in the absence of a solvent, if necessary, in the presence of a base. it can.
- a halogenating reagent include thionyl chloride, phosphoryl chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus tribromide and the like.
- the amount of the halogenating reagent to be used is generally 1 to 20 mol, preferably 2 to 10 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVIII).
- the base for example, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine and the like are used.
- the amount of the base to be used is generally 1 to 20 mol, preferably 2 to 10 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVIII).
- the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, alcohols, amides, esters and the like. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- This reaction is preferably performed without a solvent.
- the reaction temperature is usually 0 to 130 ° C., preferably 20 to 130 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- the conversion of the hydroxy group of compound (CVIII) to the leaving group Q C1 is carried out using a sulfonylating reagent in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction or in the absence of a solvent, if necessary, in the presence of a base. be able to.
- a sulfonylating reagent include trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride, methanesulfonyl halide optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms, and 1 to 3 C 1-6 alkyl groups. Good benzenesulfonyl halide or the like can be used.
- the amount of the sulfonylating reagent to be used is generally 1 to 2 mol, preferably 1 to 1.5 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVIII).
- the base for example, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine and the like are used.
- the amount of the base to be used is generally 2 to 5 mol, preferably 2 to 3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVIII).
- the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, alcohols, amides, esters, etc. Among them, ethers and amides are preferable. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is generally ⁇ 10 to 100 ° C., preferably 0 to 60 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- the reaction of compound (CVII) and compound (C1) can be carried out in the presence of a base, if necessary, in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction.
- the amount of compound (C1) to be used is generally 1 to 20 mol, preferably 1 to 10 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVII).
- Examples of the base include sodium hydride, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydroxide, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine and the like.
- the amount of the base to be used is generally 2 to 20 mol, preferably 2 to 15 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVII).
- Examples of the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, alcohols, amides, esters, etc. Among them, ethers and amides are preferable. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is usually 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 90 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- Compound (C1) can be synthesized according to a method known per se, or a commercially available product can be used as it is.
- the reaction from compound (CVI) to compound (CV) can be carried out by reacting a base in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction.
- a base for example, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium hydroxide, triethylamine and the like are used.
- the amount of the base to be used is generally 2 to 5 mol, preferably 2 to 3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVI).
- the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, alcohols, amides, esters, etc. Among them, ethers and amides are preferable. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is usually 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 90 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- Compound (CV) can also be obtained directly from compound (CVII) without isolating compound (CVI).
- the reaction from the compound (CV) to the compound (CIV) is carried out by using a halide, sulfate, sulfone corresponding to the “substituent” of the “optionally substituted hydroxy group” represented by the compound (CV) and R C3.
- the reaction can be carried out by reacting an acid ester or the like in the presence of a base in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction. By this reaction, the hydroxy group of compound (CV) is converted to R C3 .
- the above-mentioned halides, sulfates, sulfonates and the like can be commercially available or can be produced from the corresponding starting compounds by applying a method known per se.
- the amount of the halide, sulfate ester, sulfonate ester and the like to be used is generally 1 to 3 mol, preferably 1 to 2 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CV).
- the base include sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, cesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydroxide, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 1,8-diazabicyclo [ 5.4.0] Undec-7-ene (DBU) or the like is used.
- the amount of the base to be used is generally 2 to 5 mol, preferably 2 to 3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CV).
- Examples of the solvent that does not adversely affect the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, nitriles, amides, esters, etc. Among them, ethers, amides, ketones are preferable. It is. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is generally 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 90 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- the reaction from compound (CIV) to compound (CIII) is carried out by reacting compound (CIV) with a halide, boronic acid or boronic ester corresponding to R C5 in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction. be able to.
- compound (CIV), halide corresponding to R C5 , boronic acid or boronic acid ester, and copper compound eg, copper powder, copper iodide (I), copper chloride (I), copper oxide) , Copper (II) acetate, etc.
- a base eg, potassium carbonate, potassium phosphate, triethylamine, pyridine
- the compound (CIV), a halide corresponding to R C5 , a palladium compound (eg, tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0), palladium (II) acetate) and a ligand (eg, 9, 9-dimethyl-4,5-bis (diphenylphosphino) xanthene) is reacted with a base (eg, cesium carbonate, sodium t-butoxide).
- a base eg, cesium carbonate, sodium t-butoxide.
- the amount of the halide, boronic acid or boronic acid ester corresponding to R C5 is generally 1 to 5 mol, preferably 1 to 3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIV).
- the amount of the copper compound to be used is generally 0.01-1 mol, preferably 0.1-0.5 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIV).
- the amount of the palladium compound to be used is generally 0.01 to 1 mol, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIV).
- the amount of the ligand to be used is generally 0.01 to 1 mol, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIV).
- the amount of the base to be used is generally 1 to 5 mol, preferably 1 to 3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIV). Examples of the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, alcohols, amides, esters, etc.
- ethers and amides are preferable. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is usually 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 90 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- boronic acid or boronic ester corresponding to R C5 a commercially available product can be used, or it can be produced from the corresponding starting compound by applying a method known per se.
- Compound (CVIII) can be synthesized according to a method known per se (for example, the method described in Journal of Organic Chemistry, 46, 3040-3048, 1981).
- Compound (CIII) can also be produced, for example, by the following [CC method] or a method analogous thereto. [CC method]
- R C10 represents a C 1-6 alkyl group, and other symbols are as defined above.
- the reaction from compound (CX) to compound (CIX) uses a malonic acid monoester corresponding to R C9 and a condensing agent, or an acid halide corresponding to R C9 such as (chloroformyl) ethyl acetate.
- the reaction can be carried out in a solvent that does not affect the reaction, if necessary, in the presence of a base.
- the condensing agent those shown in [CA Method] can be used.
- the amount of the condensing agent to be used is generally 1 to 10 mol, preferably 1 to 2 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CX).
- the amount of malonic acid monoester corresponding to R C9 is usually 1 to 10 mol, preferably 1 to 2 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CX).
- the amount of the acid halide corresponding to R C9 is usually 1 to 10 mol, preferably 1 to 2 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CX).
- As the base triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine and the like are used.
- the amount of the base to be used is generally 1 to 10 mol, preferably 1 to 2 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CX).
- Examples of the solvent that does not affect the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, amides, esters, etc.
- ethers and amides are preferable. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is usually 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 0 to 50 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- the malonic acid monoester corresponding to R C9 a commercially available product can be used, or it can be produced from the corresponding starting material compound by a method known per se.
- the acid halide corresponding to R C9 can be commercially available, or can be produced from the corresponding starting material compound by a method known per se.
- the reaction from compound (CIX) to compound (CVIIIa-2) can be carried out by reacting a base in a solvent that does not affect the reaction.
- the base include sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, cesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU) and the like.
- the amount of the base to be used is generally 1 to 5 mol, preferably 1 to 3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIX).
- the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, nitriles, amides, esters, etc. Among them, ethers, alcohols, amides are preferable. It is. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is generally 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 90 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1
- the reaction from compound (CVIIIa-2) to compound (CVIIIa) can be carried out by reacting compound (CVIIIa-2) with an oxidizing agent in a solvent that does not affect the reaction.
- the oxidizing agent include diammonium cerium nitrate (CAN), 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ), bromine, and the like.
- the amount of the oxidizing agent to be used is generally 1 to 5 mol, preferably 1 to 3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVIIIa-2).
- the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, nitriles, amides, esters, etc.
- hydrocarbons, nitriles, amides are preferable. It is kind. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is usually 0 to 120 ° C., preferably 20 to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- the reaction from compound (CVIIIa) to compound (CVIIa) can be carried out according to the reaction from compound (CVIII) to compound (CVII) in [Method CB].
- the reaction from compound (CVIIa) to compound (CVa) can be carried out according to the reaction from compound (CVII) to compound (CV) in [Method CB].
- the reaction from compound (CVa) to compound (CIII) can be carried out according to the reaction from compound (CV) to compound (CIV) in [Method CB].
- Compound (CX) can be synthesized according to a method known per se (for example, the method described in Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 59, pages 5328-5335, 1994).
- Compound (CIII) can also be produced, for example, according to the following [Method CD] or a method analogous thereto. [CD method]
- the reaction from compound (CVIII-2) to compound (CVII-2) can be carried out according to the reaction from compound (CVIII) to compound (CVII) in [Method CB].
- the reaction from compound (CVII-2) to compound (CV-2) can be carried out according to the reaction from compound (CVII) to compound (CV) shown in [Method CB].
- the reaction from compound (CV-2) to compound (CIV-2) can be carried out according to the reaction from compound (CV) to compound (CIV) in [Method CB].
- compound (CIV-2) and compound (C2) are reacted in the presence of an acid, if necessary, in a solvent that does not affect the reaction. Can be done.
- the amount of compound (C2) to be used is generally 1 to 30 mol, preferably 1 to 20 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIV-2).
- As the acid for example, p-toluenesulfonic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and the like are used.
- the amount of the acid to be used is generally 1 to 40 mol, preferably 1 to 30 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIV-2).
- Examples of the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, nitriles, amides, esters, etc. Among them, hydrocarbons, nitriles, amides are preferable. It is kind. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is generally 0 to 200 ° C., preferably 20 to 160 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- Compound (CVIII-2) is a method known per se (for example, the method described in Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 52, pages 5275-5276, 1987, the method described in Synthesis, pages 652-653, 1975), etc. Can be synthesized according to Compound (C2) may be a commercially available one, or a method known per se (for example, Organic Functional Group Preparations 2nd edition, Academic Press, Inc. published in 1989, Comprehensive Organic Transformations, VCH Publishers Inc., published in 1989). Etc.).
- Compound (CIV) can also be produced, for example, by the following [CE method] or a method analogous thereto. [CE method]
- Q C2 represents a leaving group, and other symbols are as defined above.
- the "leaving group” represented by Q C2 those similar to the “leaving group” represented by Q C1 may be mentioned, with preference given to a halogen atom.
- the reaction of compound (CVIII) to compound (CVIIb) can be carried out using a halogenating reagent in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction or in the absence of a solvent, if necessary, in the presence of a base.
- a halogenating reagent for example, thionyl chloride, phosphoryl chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus tribromide and the like can be used.
- the amount of the halogenating reagent to be used is generally 2 to 40 mol, preferably 3 to 20 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVIII).
- the base for example, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine and the like are used.
- the amount of the base to be used is generally 1 to 40 mol, preferably 2 to 20 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVIII).
- the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, alcohols, amides, esters and the like. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- This reaction is preferably performed without a solvent.
- the reaction temperature is usually 0 to 130 ° C., preferably 20 to 130 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- reaction of compound (CVIII) to compound (CVIIb) can be carried out using a sulfonylating reagent in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction or in the absence of a solvent, if necessary, in the presence of a base.
- a sulfonylating reagent include trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride, methanesulfonyl halide optionally having 1 to 3 halogen atoms, and 1 to 3 C 1-6 alkyl groups. Good benzenesulfonyl halide or the like can be used.
- the amount of the sulfonylating reagent to be used is generally 2 to 40 mol, preferably 3 to 20 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVIII).
- the base for example, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine and the like are used.
- the amount of the base to be used is generally 2 to 5 mol, preferably 2 to 3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CVIII).
- the solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction include ethers, hydrocarbons, alcohols, amides, esters, etc. Among them, ethers and amides are preferable. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is generally ⁇ 10 to 100 ° C., preferably 0 to 60 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- the reaction from compound (CVIIb) to compound (CVIb) can be carried out according to the reaction from compound (CVII) to compound (CVI) in [Method CB].
- the reaction from compound (CVIb) to compound (CVb) can be carried out according to the reaction from compound (CVI) to compound (CV) in [Method CB].
- the reaction from compound (CVb) to compound (CIVb) can be carried out according to the reaction from compound (CV) to compound (CIV) in [Method CB].
- the reaction from compound (CIVb) to compound (CIV) can be carried out by subjecting compound (CIVb) to a hydrolysis reaction in a solvent that does not adversely influence the reaction.
- the hydrolysis reaction can be performed in the presence of an acid or a base, but it is preferable to use an acid.
- the acid include hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
- As the base for example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide and the like are used.
- the amount of the acid or base to be used is generally 1 to 20 mol, preferably 1 to 10 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIVb).
- hydrolysis can be performed by combining an organic acid salt and an organic acid, such as using sodium acetate in acetic acid.
- the amount of the organic acid salt to be used is generally 1-20 mol, preferably 1-10 mol, per 1 mol of compound (CIVb).
- the solvent that does not adversely affect the reaction include ethers, alcohols, hydrocarbons, ketones, nitriles, amides, esters, organic acids, water, etc. Among them, organic acids, Alcohols, ethers and water. Two or more of the above solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is usually 0 to 130 ° C., preferably 20 to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 48 hours.
- Compound (CI) can be isolated and purified by means known per se, such as phase transfer, concentration, solvent extraction, fractional distillation, liquid conversion, crystallization, recrystallization, chromatography and the like.
- compound (CI) When compound (CI) is obtained as a free compound, it can be converted to the target salt by a method known per se or a method analogous thereto, and conversely when it is obtained as a salt, it is known per se. It can be converted into a free form or other desired salt by the method or a method analogous thereto.
- a compound within the scope of the present invention can also be produced by applying means known per se to the compound (CI) to further introduce substituents or convert functional groups.
- substituent conversion a known general method is used. For example, conversion to amino by hydrolysis of amide, conversion to carboxy by hydrolysis of ester, conversion to carbamoyl by amidation of carboxy, reduction by reduction of carboxy Conversion to hydroxymethyl, conversion to alcohol form by reduction or alkylation of carbonyl, reductive amination of carbonyl, oximation of carbonyl, acylation, urealation, sulfonylation, alkylation of amino, active halogen with amine Examples include substitution / amination, amination by reduction of nitro, alkylation of hydroxy, and substitution / amination of hydroxy.
- a protective group may be added to the reactive substituent beforehand by means known per se, if necessary. After the introduction and the intended reaction, the protecting group can be removed by means known per se to produce compounds within the scope of the present invention.
- Compound (CI) may be used as a prodrug.
- a prodrug of compound (CI) is a compound that is converted into compound (CI) by a reaction with an enzyme, gastric acid or the like under physiological conditions in vivo, that is, compound (CI) that is enzymatically oxidized, reduced, hydrolyzed, etc.
- a prodrug of compound (CI) a compound in which amino of compound (CI) is acylated, alkylated, phosphorylated (for example, amino of compound (CI) is eicosanoylated, alanylated, pentylaminocarbonylated, ( 5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-yl) methoxycarbonylation, tetrahydrofuranylation, pyrrolidylmethylation, pivaloyloxymethylation, tert-butylated compounds, etc.); compounds ( CI) hydroxy acylated, alkylated, phosphorylated, borated (for example, compound (CI) hydroxy acetylated, palmitoylated, propanoylated, pivaloylated, succinylated, fumarylated, alanylated, Dimethylaminoacetylated compounds, etc.); carboxy of compound (CI) is And amidated compounds (for example
- the prodrug of compound (CI) changes to compound (CI) under physiological conditions as described in Hirokawa Shoten 1990 "Pharmaceutical Development", Volume 7, Molecular Design, pages 163 to 198. There may be.
- compound (CI) has an isomer such as an optical isomer, a stereoisomer, a positional isomer, a rotational isomer, etc.
- an isomer or mixture is included in the compound (CI).
- compound (CI) has an optical isomer
- an optical isomer resolved from a racemate is also encompassed in compound (CI).
- Each of these isomers can be obtained as a single product by a known synthesis method or separation method (concentration, solvent extraction, column chromatography, recrystallization, etc.).
- Compound (CI) may be in the form of a crystal, and is included in compound (CI) regardless of whether it is a single crystal form or a mixture of crystal forms. Crystals can be produced by crystallization by applying a crystallization method known per se. Compound (CI) may be a co-crystal. Compound (CI) may be a hydrate, non-hydrate, solvate, or non-solvate. A compound labeled with an isotope (eg, 2 H, 3 H, 14 C, 35 S, 125 I) or the like is also encompassed in the compound (CI). Further, the compound (CI) may be a deuterium converter.
- Compound (CI) or a prodrug thereof (which may be abbreviated as “the compound of the present invention” in the specification) interacts with, for example, human Smo protein and changes its conformation within the cytoplasm. Inhibits the Hedgehog signal transduction system by inhibiting complex formation with proteins involved in signal transduction. Alternatively, the compound of the present invention interacts with the human Smo protein and directly inhibits the complex formation of the human Smo protein and the protein involved in the Hedgehog signaling system in the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting the Hedgehog signaling system.
- the compound of the present invention interacts with a modification site received from a protein involved in the Hedgehog signal transduction system of the Smo protein, for example, phosphorylation site, etc., thereby inhibiting modification such as phosphorylation of Smo and inhibiting the Hedgehog signal transduction system.
- Inhibition of the Hedgehog signal transduction system can be measured, for example, by quantifying the decrease in the expression level of the reporter gene linked downstream of the Gli binding site according to the test example 1 described below. Alternatively, it can be measured by quantifying the expression of Gli-1 mRNA in the cell extract by quantitative PCR or the like.
- a compound that inhibits the Hedgehog signal targets Smo.
- the fluorescence of the cell is measured, and the value is the test compound. This can be confirmed by the decrease compared to the case where no is added.
- the compound of the present invention is useful as a Smo inhibitor for mammals (eg, mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit, cat, dog, cow, sheep, monkey, human).
- mammals eg, mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit, cat, dog, cow, sheep, monkey, human.
- the compound of the present invention can be used for diseases that may be affected by Smo, such as cancer (eg, colon cancer (eg, colon cancer, rectal cancer, anal cancer, familial colon cancer, hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal tract).
- cancer eg, colon cancer (eg, colon cancer, rectal cancer, anal cancer, familial colon cancer, hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal tract).
- lung cancer eg, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma), mesothelioma, pancreatic cancer (eg, pancreatic duct cancer, pancreatic endocrine tumor), pharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, esophagus Cancer, gastric cancer (eg, papillary adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma), duodenal cancer, small intestine cancer, breast cancer (eg, invasive ductal cancer, non-invasive ductal cancer, inflammatory breast cancer), ovarian cancer (Eg, epithelial ovarian cancer, extragonadal germ cell tumor, ovarian germ cell tumor, ovarian low-grade tumor), testicular tumor, prostate cancer (eg, hormone-dependent prostate cancer, hormone-independent prostate cancer), liver Cancer (eg, hepatocellular carcinoma, primary
- the compound of the present invention is effective for brain tumor, skin cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer, prostate cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, sarcoma and breast cancer.
- the compound of the present invention is effective for glioma, medulloblastoma, basal cell tumor, small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer, prostate cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma and breast cancer.
- the compound of the present invention can be administered orally or parenterally as it is or with a pharmacologically acceptable carrier.
- dosage forms for oral administration of the compound of the present invention include tablets (including sugar-coated tablets and film-coated tablets), pills, granules, powders, capsules (including soft capsules and microcapsules), and syrups.
- examples of the dosage form for parenteral administration include injections, infusions, drops, suppositories, and the like.
- a sustained-release preparation is also effective.
- an appropriate base eg, butyric acid polymer, glycolic acid polymer, butyric acid-glycolic acid copolymer, butyric acid polymer / glycolic acid polymer mixture, polyglycerol fatty acid ester
- the compound of the present invention when the compound of the present invention is produced into tablets, it can be produced by containing excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, etc., and when produced into pills and granules, It can be produced by containing an excipient, a binder, a disintegrant and the like.
- excipients when producing powders and capsules, excipients, etc., when producing syrups, sweeteners, etc., when producing emulsions or suspensions, suspending agents, surfactants It can be produced by adding an emulsifier and the like.
- excipients include lactose, sucrose, glucose, starch, sucrose, microcrystalline cellulose, licorice powder, mannitol, sodium bicarbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate and the like.
- binder examples include 5 to 10% by weight starch paste solution, 10 to 20% by weight gum arabic solution or gelatin solution, 1 to 5% by weight tragacanth solution, carboxymethyl cellulose solution, sodium alginate solution, glycerin and the like.
- disintegrants include starch and calcium carbonate.
- lubricants include magnesium stearate, stearic acid, calcium stearate, purified talc and the like.
- sweeteners include glucose, fructose, invert sugar, sorbitol, xylitol, glycerin, simple syrup and the like.
- surfactant include sodium lauryl sulfate, polysorbate 80, sorbitan monofatty acid ester, polyoxyl 40 stearate and the like.
- suspending agent include gum arabic, sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, bentonite and the like.
- emulsifiers include gum arabic, tragacanth, gelatin, polysorbate 80 and the like.
- intravenous injections In addition to intravenous injections, subcutaneous injections, intradermal injections, intramuscular injections, intravenous infusions and the like are included as injections, and iontophoretic transdermal agents and the like are included as sustained-release preparations.
- Such an injection is prepared by a method known per se, that is, by dissolving, suspending or emulsifying the compound of the present invention in a sterile aqueous or oily liquid.
- Aqueous solutions for injection include physiological saline, isotonic solutions containing glucose and other adjuvants (eg, D-sorbitol, D-mannitol, sodium chloride) and the like.
- Suitable solubilizers such as alcohol (Eg, ethanol), polyalcohol (eg, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol), nonionic surfactant (eg, polysorbate 80, HCO-50), etc. may be used in combination.
- the oily liquid include sesame oil and soybean oil.
- benzyl benzoate As a solubilizing agent, benzyl benzoate, benzyl alcohol and the like may be used in combination. Buffers (eg, phosphate buffer, sodium acetate buffer), soothing agents (eg, benzalkonium chloride, procaine hydrochloride), stabilizers (eg, human serum albumin, polyethylene glycol), preservatives (eg, , Benzyl alcohol, phenol) and the like.
- Buffers eg, phosphate buffer, sodium acetate buffer
- soothing agents eg, benzalkonium chloride, procaine hydrochloride
- stabilizers eg, human serum albumin, polyethylene glycol
- preservatives eg, , Benzyl alcohol, phenol
- the content of the compound of the present invention in the preparation of the present invention varies depending on the form of the preparation, but is usually about 0.01 to 100% by weight, preferably about 2 to 85% by weight, more preferably based on the whole preparation. Is about 5 to 70% by weight.
- the content of the additive in the preparation of the present invention varies depending on the form of the preparation, but is usually about 1 to 99.9% by weight, preferably about 10 to 90% by weight, based on the whole preparation.
- the compound of the present invention can be used safely with stable, low toxicity.
- the daily dose varies depending on the patient's condition and body weight, the type of compound, the route of administration, etc.
- the daily dose for an adult (body weight of about 60 kg) Is about 1 to 1000 mg, preferably about 3 to 300 mg, more preferably about 10 to 200 mg as the active ingredient (the compound of the present invention), and these can be administered once or divided into 2 to 3 times.
- the compound of the present invention When the compound of the present invention is administered parenterally, it is usually administered in the form of a liquid (eg, injection).
- a liquid eg, injection
- the single dose varies depending on the administration subject, target organ, symptom, administration method and the like, but is usually about 0.01 to about 100 mg per kg body weight, preferably about 0.01 in the form of injection. It is convenient to administer from about 50 mg, more preferably from about 0.01 to about 20 mg by intravenous injection.
- the compound of the present invention can be used in combination with other drugs.
- the compound of the present invention can be used in combination with drugs such as hormone therapeutic agents, chemotherapeutic agents, immunotherapeutic agents or cell growth factors and drugs that inhibit the action of the receptors.
- drugs such as hormone therapeutic agents, chemotherapeutic agents, immunotherapeutic agents or cell growth factors and drugs that inhibit the action of the receptors.
- a drug that can be used in combination with the compound of the present invention is abbreviated as a concomitant drug.
- ⁇ hormone therapeutic agent '' examples include phosfestol, diethylstilbestrol, chlorotrianicene, medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate, chlormadinone acetate, cyproterone acetate, danazol, allylestrenol, gestrinone, mepartricin, Raloxifene, olmeroxifene, levormeroxifene, antiestrogens (eg, tamoxifen citrate, toremifene citrate), pill formulations, mepithiostan, testrolactone, aminoglutethimide, LH-RH agonists (eg, goserelin acetate, buserelin acetate) , Leuprorelin), droloxifene, epithiostanol, ethinyl estradiol sulfonate, aromatase inhibitor (eg, fadrozole
- chemotherapeutic agent for example, alkylating agents, antimetabolites, anticancer antibiotics, plant-derived anticancer agents and the like are used.
- alkylating agent examples include nitrogen mustard, nitrogen mustard hydrochloride-N-oxide, chlorambutyl, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, thiotepa, carbocon, improsulfan tosylate, busulfan, nimustine hydrochloride, mitoblonitol, Faran, dacarbazine, ranimustine, estramustine phosphate sodium, triethylenemelamine, carmustine, lomustine, streptozocin, piprobroman, etoglucid, carboplatin, cisplatin, miboplatin, nedaplatin, oxaliplatin, altretamine, ambermuthine, dibrospine hydrochloride, fotemustine hydrochloride Predonimustine, pumitepa, ribomustine, temozolomide, treosulphane, trophosphamide Zinostatin Lamar, ado
- antimetabolite examples include mercaptopurine, 6-mercaptopurine riboside, thioinosine, methotrexate, pemetrexed, enositabine, cytarabine, cytarabine okphosphatate, ancitabine hydrochloride, 5-FU drugs (eg, fluorouracil, tegafur, UFT, doxyfluridine, carmofur, galocitabine, emiteful, capecitabine), aminopterin, nerzarabine, leucovorin calcium, tabloid, butosine, folinate calcium, levofolinate calcium, cladribine, emitefur, fludarabine, gemcitabine, hydroxycarbpyramide, pendant Idoxyuridine, mitoguazone, thiazofurin, ambamustine, bendamustine and their DS formulation or the like is used.
- 5-FU drugs eg, fluorouracil, tegafur, UFT, doxyflu
- anticancer antibiotic examples include actinomycin D, actinomycin C, mitomycin C, chromomycin A3, bleomycin hydrochloride, bleomycin sulfate, peplomycin sulfate, daunorubicin hydrochloride, doxorubicin hydrochloride, aclarubicin hydrochloride, pirarubicin hydrochloride, epirubicin hydrochloride , Neocartinostatin, misramycin, sarcomycin, carcinophylline, mitotane, zorubicin hydrochloride, mitoxantrone hydrochloride, idarubicin hydrochloride and their DDS preparations.
- plant-derived anticancer agent for example, etoposide, etoposide phosphate, vinblastine sulfate, vincristine sulfate, vindesine sulfate, teniposide, paclitaxel, docetaxel, vinorelbine and their DDS preparations are used.
- Examples of the “immunotherapy agent (BRM)” include picibanil, krestin, schizophyllan, lentinan, ubenimex, interferon, interleukin, macrophage colony stimulating factor, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, erythropoietin, lymphotoxin, BCG vaccine, corynebacteria Umparbum, levamisole, polysaccharide K, procodazole, anti-CTLA4 antibody and the like are used.
- the “cell growth factor” in the “drug that inhibits the action of the cell growth factor and its receptor” may be any substance that promotes cell growth, and usually has a molecular weight of 20,000 or less.
- Examples of peptides include factors that exert an action at a low concentration by binding to a receptor.
- EGF epidermal growth factor
- IGF insulin receptor ase IGF
- IGF insulin receptor ase IGF
- FGF fibroblast growth factor
- Substances having substantially the same activity [eg, acidic FG , Basic FGF, KGF (keratinocyte growth factor), FGF-10], (4) other cell growth factors (eg, CSF (erythropoietin), EPO (erythropoietin), IL-2 (interleukin-2), NGF) (Never grow growth factor), PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor), TGF ⁇ (transforming growth factor ⁇ ), HGF (hepatocyte growth factor), VEGFv
- the “cell growth factor receptor” may be any receptor capable of binding to the above-mentioned cell growth factor. Specifically, EGF receptor, heregulin receptor (HER3, etc.) , Insulin receptor inhibitor, IGF receptor-1, IGF receptor-2, FGF receptor-1 or FGF receptor-2, VEGF receptor, angiopoietin receptor (Tie2, etc.), PDGF receptor, c-MET , C-Kit, Trk, etc. are used.
- “Agents that inhibit the action of cell growth factors and their receptors” include EGF inhibitors, TGF ⁇ inhibitors, heregulin inhibitors, insulin inhibitors, IGF inhibitors, FGF inhibitors, KGF inhibitors, CSF inhibitors, EPO inhibitor, IL-2 inhibitor, NGF inhibitor, PDGF inhibitor, TGF ⁇ inhibitor, HGF inhibitor, VEGF inhibitor, angiopoietin inhibitor, EGF receptor inhibitor, HER2 inhibitor, HER4 inhibitor, insulin receptor Body, IGF-1 receptor inhibitor, IGF-2 receptor inhibitor, FGF receptor-1 inhibitor, FGF receptor-2 inhibitor, FGF receptor-3 inhibitor, FGF receptor-4 inhibitor, VEGF receptor inhibitor, Tie-2 inhibitor, PDGF receptor inhibitor, Abl inhibitor, Raf inhibitor, FLT3 inhibitor, c-Kit inhibitor, Src inhibitor Harmful agents, PKC inhibitors, Trk inhibitors, Ret inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, MEK (MEK1 / 2) inhibitors, MET inhibitors, Akt inhibitors, ERK inhibitors and the like are
- anti-VEGF antibody Bevacizumab etc.
- anti-HER2 antibody Trastuzumab, Pertuzumab etc.
- anti-EGFR antibody Cetuximab, Panitumumab, Matuzumab, Nimotuzumab etc.
- anti-VEGFR antibody Imatinib mesylate, Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Gefitinib, Gefitinib Sorafenib, Sunitinib, Dasatinib, Lapatinib, Vatalanib, 4- (4-Fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yloxy) -6-methoxy-7- [3- (1-pyrrolidinyl) propoxy] quinazoline (AZD- 2171), Lestaurtinib, Pazopanib, Canertinib, Tandutinib, 3- (4-Bromo-2,6-difluorobenzyloxy)
- cell cycle inhibitors eg, Aurora A inhibitor, Aurora B inhibitor, PLK inhibitor, CDK inhibitor
- apoptosis inducers eg, Bcl-2 inhibitor, IAP inhibitor, Nedd -8 inhibitor
- Proteasome inhibitor eg, bortezomib
- hedgehog signal inhibitor eg, Vismodegib, LDE225, IPI-926
- Wnt signal inhibitor eg, ⁇ -catenin / TCF inhibitor, anti-Wnt antibody
- Notch signal inhibitor eg, anti-Notch antibody, ⁇ -secretase inhibitor
- L-asparaginase acegraton, procarbazine hydrochloride, protoporphyrin / cobalt complex, mercury hematoporphyrin / sodium, topoisomerase I inhibitor (eg, irinotecan, topotecan) ), Topoisomerase I Inhibitors (eg, sobuzoxane), differentiation-inducing
- the compound of the present invention By combining the compound of the present invention and a concomitant drug, (1) The dose can be reduced compared to the case where the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug is administered alone. (2) The drug used in combination with the compound of the present invention can be selected according to the patient's symptoms (mild, severe, etc.) (3) The treatment period can be set longer. (4) The therapeutic effect can be sustained. (5) By using the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug in combination, an excellent effect such as a synergistic effect can be obtained.
- the combination agent of the present invention the case where the compound of the present invention is used in combination with the concomitant drug is referred to as “the combination agent of the present invention”.
- the timing of administration of the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug is not limited, and the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug may be administered simultaneously to the administration subject, with a time difference. It may be administered.
- the dose of the concomitant drug may be determined according to the dose used clinically, and can be appropriately selected depending on the administration subject, administration route, disease, combination and the like.
- Examples of administration forms when the compound of the present invention is used in combination with the concomitant drug include, for example, (1) administration of a single preparation obtained by simultaneously formulating the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug, and (2) concomitant use with the compound of the present invention.
- Simultaneous administration of two preparations obtained by separately formulating a drug by the same administration route (3) By the same administration route of two preparations obtained by separately formulating the compound of the present invention and a concomitant drug (4) Simultaneous administration by different administration routes of two types of preparations obtained by separately formulating the compound of the present invention and a concomitant drug, (5) Combining the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug Administration of two types of preparations obtained by separate preparation at different time intervals in different administration routes (for example, administration of the compound of the present invention and then concomitant drugs, or administration in the reverse order), etc. It is done.
- the dose of the concomitant drug can be appropriately selected based on the clinically used dose.
- the compounding ratio of the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug can be appropriately selected depending on the administration subject, administration route, target disease, symptom, combination and the like.
- the administration subject is a human
- 0.01 to 100 parts by weight of the concomitant drug may be used per 1 part by weight of the compound of the present invention.
- the concomitant drug of the present invention has low toxicity.
- the compound of the present invention or (and) the above concomitant drug is mixed with a pharmacologically acceptable carrier according to a method known per se, and a pharmaceutical composition such as a tablet ( Sugar-coated tablets, film-coated tablets), powders, granules, capsules (including soft capsules), liquids, injections, suppositories, sustained-release agents, etc., and then oral or parenteral (eg, topical, Rectal and intravenous administration).
- the injection can be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or into an organ, or directly to the lesion.
- the pharmacologically acceptable carrier that may be used in the production of the combination agent of the present invention is the same as the pharmacologically acceptable carrier that may be used in the production of the pharmaceutical of the present invention described above. Is mentioned. Further, if necessary, an appropriate amount of additives such as preservatives, antioxidants, colorants, sweeteners, adsorbents, wetting agents and the like that may be used in the production of the medicament of the present invention described above may be appropriately used. it can.
- the compounding ratio of the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug in the concomitant drug of the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the administration subject, administration route, disease and the like.
- the content of the compound of the present invention in the concomitant drug of the present invention varies depending on the form of the preparation, but is usually about 0.01 to 100% by weight, preferably about 0.1 to 50% by weight, based on the whole preparation, More preferably, it is about 0.5 to 20% by weight.
- the content of the concomitant drug in the concomitant drug of the present invention varies depending on the form of the preparation, but is usually about 0.01 to 90% by weight, preferably about 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably based on the whole preparation. About 0.5 to 20% by weight.
- the content of the additive in the combination agent of the present invention varies depending on the form of the preparation, but is usually about 1 to 99.99% by weight, preferably about 10 to 90% by weight, based on the whole preparation. The same content may be used when the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug are formulated separately.
- the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug includes a dispersant (eg, Tween 80 (manufactured by Atlas Powder, USA), HCO 60 (manufactured by Nikko Chemicals), polyethylene glycol, carboxymethylcellulose, sodium alginate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Dextrin), stabilizer (eg, ascorbic acid, sodium pyrosulfite), surfactant (eg, polysorbate 80, macrogol), solubilizer (eg, glycerin, ethanol), buffer (eg, phosphoric acid and its alkali) Metal salts, citric acid and alkali metal salts thereof), isotonic agents (eg, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, mannitol, sorbitol, glucose), pH regulators (eg, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide), preservatives (eg, Ethyl paraoxybenzoate
- a dispersant eg, Tween 80 (manufactured by
- aqueous injections or olive oil
- vegetable oils such as sesame oil, cottonseed oil and corn oil
- a solubilizing agent such as propylene glycol
- the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug is added, for example, to an excipient (eg, lactose, sucrose, starch), a disintegrant (eg, starch, calcium carbonate), a binder (eg, starch, arabic).
- an excipient eg, lactose, sucrose, starch
- a disintegrant eg, starch, calcium carbonate
- a binder eg, starch, arabic
- an oral preparation can be obtained by coating by a method known per se.
- Examples of the coating agent used for coating include hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyoxyethylene glycol, Tween 80, Pluronic F68, cellulose acetate phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate, hydroxymethylcellulose acetate succinate, Eudragit (Rohm, Germany, methacrylic acid / acrylic acid copolymer) and pigments (eg, Bengala, titanium dioxide) are used.
- the preparation for oral administration may be either an immediate release preparation or a sustained release preparation.
- the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug is mixed with an oily base, an aqueous base or an aqueous gel base to thereby form an oily or aqueous solid, semi-solid or liquid suppository.
- oily base include glycerides of higher fatty acids [eg, cacao butter, witepsols (manufactured by Dynamite Nobel, Germany)], glycerides of medium chain fatty acids [eg, miglyols (manufactured by Dynamite Nobel, Germany)] Or vegetable oil (eg, sesame oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil) and the like.
- the aqueous base include polyethylene glycols and propylene glycol.
- aqueous gel base include natural gums, cellulose derivatives, vinyl polymers, acrylic acid polymers, and the like.
- sustained-release preparation examples include sustained-release microcapsules.
- the sustained-release microcapsule is produced according to a method known per se, for example, the method shown in the following [2].
- the compound of the present invention is preferably molded into a preparation for oral administration such as a solid preparation (eg, powder, granule, tablet, capsule) or into a preparation for rectal administration such as a suppository. Particularly preferred are preparations for oral administration.
- a preparation for oral administration such as a solid preparation (eg, powder, granule, tablet, capsule) or into a preparation for rectal administration such as a suppository.
- preparations for oral administration are particularly preferred.
- the concomitant drug can be in the above-mentioned dosage form depending on the type of drug.
- injection and preparation thereof An injection prepared by dissolving the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug in water is preferred.
- the injection may contain benzoate and / or salicylate.
- the injection is obtained by dissolving both the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug and, if desired, benzoate and / or salicylate in water.
- benzoic acid and salicylic acid salts include alkali metal salts such as sodium and potassium, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium, ammonium salts, meglumine salts, and salts with other organic bases such as trometamol. It is done.
- the concentration of the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug in the injection is 0.5 to 50 w / v%, preferably about 3 to 20 w / v%.
- the concentration of benzoate or / and salicylate is about 0.5 to 50 w / v%, preferably about 3 to 20 w / v%.
- the present injection includes additives generally used in injections such as stabilizers (eg, ascorbic acid, sodium pyrosulfite), surfactants (eg, polysorbate 80, macrogol), solubilizers (eg Eg, glycerin, ethanol), buffer (eg, phosphoric acid and its alkali metal salt, citric acid and its alkali metal salt), isotonic agent (eg, sodium chloride, potassium chloride), dispersant (eg, hydroxypropyl) Methylcellulose, dextrin), pH adjuster (eg, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide), preservative (eg, ethyl paraoxybenzoate, benzoic acid), solubilizer (eg, concentrated glycerin, meglumine), solubilizer (eg, propylene) Glycol, sucrose), a soothing agent (eg, glucose, benzyl alcohol) and the like can be appropriately blended.
- additives are generally blended in a proportion usually
- the injection may be adjusted to pH 2 to 12, preferably pH 2.5 to 8.0 by adding a pH adjusting agent.
- An injection is obtained by dissolving both the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug and, optionally, benzoate and / or salicylate, and if necessary, the above-mentioned additives in water. These dissolutions may be performed in any order, and can be appropriately performed in the same manner as in the conventional method for producing an injection.
- the aqueous solution for injection is preferably warmed, and can be used as an injection by performing, for example, filtration sterilization, high-pressure heat sterilization, or the like, as in a normal injection.
- the aqueous solution for injection is preferably sterilized by high-pressure heat at a temperature of 100 to 121 ° C. for 5 to 30 minutes. Furthermore, it is good also as a formulation which provided the antibacterial property of the solution so that it could be used as a multi-dose preparation.
- sustained-release preparation or immediate-release preparation and preparation thereof
- a sustained-release preparation comprising a core containing the compound of the present invention or a concomitant drug as desired is coated with a coating agent such as a water-insoluble substance or a swellable polymer.
- a coating agent such as a water-insoluble substance or a swellable polymer.
- a once-daily administration type sustained-release preparation for oral administration is preferred.
- water-insoluble substances used in the coating agent include cellulose ethers such as ethyl cellulose and butyl cellulose, cellulose esters such as cellulose acetate and cellulose propionate, polyvinyl esters such as polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl butyrate, and acrylic acid.
- cellulose ethers such as ethyl cellulose and butyl cellulose
- cellulose esters such as cellulose acetate and cellulose propionate
- polyvinyl esters such as polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl butyrate
- acrylic acid acrylic acid
- Methacrylic acid copolymer methyl methacrylate copolymer, ethoxyethyl methacrylate / cinnamoethyl methacrylate / aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymer, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, methacrylic acid alkylamide copolymer, poly (methyl methacrylate) ), Polymethacrylate, polymethacrylamide, aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymer, poly (methacrylic anhydride), glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, especially Hydragit RS-100, RL-100, RS-30D, RL-30D, RL-PO, RS-PO (ethyl acrylate / methyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid trimethyl / ammonium ethyl copolymer), Eudragit NE- Curing of acrylic acid polymers such as Eudragits (Rohm Pharma Co., Ltd.) such
- swellable polymer a polymer having an acidic dissociation group and exhibiting pH-dependent swelling is preferable. Swelling is small in an acidic region such as the stomach, and swelling is large in a neutral region such as the small intestine and large intestine.
- a polymer having an acidic dissociation group is preferred.
- the polymer having an acidic dissociable group and exhibiting pH-dependent swelling include, for example, Carbomer 934P, 940, 941, 974P, 980, 1342, polycarbophil, calcium polycarbophil, and the like. (Calcium polycarbophil) (all of which are manufactured by BF Goodrich), Hibiswako 103, 104, 105, 304 (all of which are manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), etc.
- the film agent used for the sustained release preparation may further contain a hydrophilic substance.
- the hydrophilic substance include polysaccharides that may have a sulfate group such as pullulan, dextrin, and alkali metal alginate, and hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl such as hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, and carboxymethylcellulose sodium.
- examples thereof include polysaccharides, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyethylene glycol.
- the content of the water-insoluble substance in the coating agent of the sustained release preparation is about 30 to about 90% (w / w), preferably about 35 to about 80% (w / w), more preferably about 40 to 75%.
- the swellable polymer content is about 3 to about 30% (w / w), preferably about 3 to about 15% (w / w).
- the coating agent may further contain a hydrophilic substance, in which case the content of the hydrophilic substance in the coating agent is about 50% (w / w) or less, preferably about 5 to about 40% (w / w). More preferably, it is about 5 to about 35% (w / w).
- the above% (w / w) represents the weight% with respect to the coating agent composition obtained by removing the solvent (eg, lower alcohol such as water, methanol, ethanol) from the coating agent solution.
- the sustained-release preparation is prepared by preparing a core containing a drug as exemplified below, and then coating the obtained core with a film agent solution in which a water-insoluble substance or a swellable polymer is dissolved by heating or dissolved or dispersed in a solvent. Manufactured by coating.
- nucleus containing a drug coated with a film agent is not particularly limited, but is preferably formed in the form of particles such as granules or fine granules.
- the average particle size is preferably about 150 to about 2,000 ⁇ m, more preferably about 500 to about 1,400 ⁇ m.
- the preparation of the nucleus can be carried out by a usual production method.
- suitable excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, stabilizers and the like are mixed with the drug, and prepared by wet extrusion granulation method, fluidized bed granulation method and the like.
- the drug content of the nucleus is about 0.5 to about 95% (w / w), preferably about 5.0 to about 80% (w / w), more preferably about 30 to about 70% (w / w) It is.
- excipients contained in the core include saccharides such as sucrose, lactose, mannitol, glucose, starch, crystalline cellulose, calcium phosphate, corn starch and the like. Of these, crystalline cellulose and corn starch are preferable.
- binder for example, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, pluronic F68, gum arabic, gelatin, starch and the like are used.
- disintegrant for example, carboxymethylcellulose calcium (ECG505), croscarmellose sodium (Ac-Di-Sol), cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone (crospovidone), low substituted hydroxypropylcellulose (L-HPC) and the like are used. . Of these, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose are preferable.
- talc magnesium stearate and an inorganic salt thereof, and polyethylene glycol or the like as a lubricant
- polyethylene glycol or the like polyethylene glycol or the like
- acids such as tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid and maleic acid are used.
- the nucleus may be formed by spraying a binder dissolved in an appropriate solvent such as water, lower alcohol (eg, methanol, ethanol) on an inert carrier particle that is the center of the nucleus. It can also be prepared by a rolling granulation method, a pan coating method, a fluidized bed coating method or a melt granulation method in which a mixture of this and an excipient, a lubricant or the like is added little by little.
- the inert carrier particles for example, those made of sucrose, lactose, starch, crystalline cellulose, waxes can be used, and those having an average particle size of about 100 ⁇ m to about 1,500 ⁇ m are preferable.
- the surface of the nucleus may be coated with a protective agent.
- the protective agent for example, the hydrophilic substance, the water-insoluble substance, or the like is used.
- the protective agent is preferably a polysaccharide having polyethylene glycol or hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl, more preferably hydroxypropylmethylcellulose or hydroxypropylcellulose.
- the protective agent may contain an acid such as tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid or a lubricant such as talc as a stabilizer.
- the coating amount is about 1 to about 15% (w / w), preferably about 1 to about 10% (w / w), more preferably about 2 to about 8% of the core ( w / w).
- the protective agent can be coated by a normal coating method, and specifically, the protective agent can be coated by spray coating the core by, for example, a fluidized bed coating method or a pan coating method.
- Coating of the core with a coating agent The core obtained in I is coated with a coating agent solution in which the water-insoluble substance, the pH-dependent swelling polymer, and the hydrophilic substance are dissolved by heating or dissolved or dispersed in a solvent. As a result, a sustained-release preparation is produced.
- a coating agent solution in which the water-insoluble substance, the pH-dependent swelling polymer, and the hydrophilic substance are dissolved by heating or dissolved or dispersed in a solvent.
- a sustained-release preparation is produced.
- Examples of the method of coating the core with a coating agent solution include a spray coating method.
- the composition ratio of the water-insoluble substance, the swellable polymer, or the hydrophilic substance in the coating agent solution is appropriately selected so that the content of each component in the film is the above content.
- the coating amount of the coating agent is about 1 to about 90% (w / w), preferably about 5 to about 50% (w / w), more preferably, with respect to the core (excluding the coating amount of the protective agent). About 5 to about 35% (w / w).
- water or an organic solvent can be used alone or a mixture of the two can be used.
- the mixing ratio of water and organic solvent (water / organic solvent: weight ratio) in the case of using the mixed liquid can be varied in the range of 1 to 100%, preferably 1 to about 30%.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves water-insoluble substances.
- lower alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and n-butyl alcohol, lower alkanones such as acetone, acetonitrile, chloroform , Methylene chloride and the like are used. Of these, lower alcohols are preferred, and ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol are particularly preferred.
- Water and a mixed solution of water and an organic solvent are preferably used as the solvent for the film agent.
- an acid such as tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, etc. may be added to the coating agent solution to stabilize the coating agent solution.
- the operation in the case of coating by spray coating can be carried out by an ordinary coating method.
- the coating solution is spray coated on the core by a fluidized bed coating method, a pan coating method or the like.
- a fluidized bed coating method e.g., a fluidized bed coating method, a pan coating method or the like.
- an antistatic agent such as talc may be mixed as necessary.
- the immediate release preparation may be liquid (solution, suspension, emulsion, etc.) or solid (particulate, pill, tablet, etc.).
- oral administration agents and parenteral administration agents such as injections are used, and oral administration agents are preferred.
- the immediate-release preparation usually contains a carrier, an additive or an excipient (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as an excipient) commonly used in the pharmaceutical field in addition to the drug as the active ingredient.
- the excipient used is not particularly limited as long as it is an excipient commonly used as a pharmaceutical excipient.
- excipients for oral solid preparations include lactose, starch, corn starch, crystalline cellulose (Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd., Avicel PH101, etc.), powdered sugar, granulated sugar, mannitol, light anhydrous silicic acid, magnesium carbonate, carbonate Calcium, L-cysteine and the like can be mentioned, preferably corn starch and mannitol.
- excipients can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the excipient is, for example, about 4.5 to about 99.4 w / w%, preferably about 20 to about 98.5 w / w%, more preferably about 30, relative to the total amount of the immediate-release preparation. Or about 97 w / w%.
- the content of the drug in the immediate release preparation can be appropriately selected from the range of about 0.5 to about 95 w / w%, preferably about 1 to about 60 w / w%, based on the total amount of the immediate release preparation.
- the immediate-release preparation When the immediate-release preparation is an oral solid preparation, it usually contains a disintegrant in addition to the above components.
- disintegrants include carboxymethylcellulose calcium (manufactured by Gotoku Pharmaceutical Co., ECG-505), croscarmellose sodium (for example, Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd., Akizol), crospovidone (for example, BASF Corp., Kollidon CL ), Low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), carboxymethyl starch (Matsutani Chemical Co., Ltd.), sodium carboxymethyl starch (manufactured by Kimura Sangyo Co., Ltd., Proprotab), partially pregelatinized starch (Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.) Manufactured, PCS), etc., for example, using water that absorbs, swells in contact with water, or that disintegrates granules by creating a channel between the active ingredient constitu
- Disintegrants can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the disintegrant is appropriately selected depending on the type and amount of the drug to be used, the design of the releasable preparation, and the like. For example, about 0.05 to about 30 w / w%, Preferably, it is about 0.5 to about 15 w / w%.
- an additive commonly used in the solid preparation may be further included as desired.
- additives include binders (for example, sucrose, gelatin, gum arabic powder, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, pullulan, dextrin, etc.), lubricants ( For example, polyethylene glycol, magnesium stearate, talc, light anhydrous silicic acid (for example, Aerosil (Nippon Aerosil)), surfactant (for example, anionic surfactant such as sodium alkyl sulfate, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester and polyoxy Non-ionic surfactants such as ethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives), coloring agents (eg tar dyes, caramel, bengara, titanium oxide, riboflavins), necessary Then, flavoring
- binders for example, sucrose, gelatin, gum arabic powder, methylcellulose, hydroxy
- binder hydroxypropylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the like are preferably used.
- the immediate-release preparation can be prepared by mixing the above-mentioned components, further kneading and molding if necessary, based on a normal preparation manufacturing technique.
- the above mixing is performed by a generally used method, for example, mixing, kneading and the like.
- a vertical granulator when the immediate-release preparation is formed into particles, a vertical granulator, a universal kneader (manufactured by Hata Iron Works), by a method similar to the preparation method of the core of the sustained-release preparation, It can be prepared by mixing using a fluidized bed granulator FD-5S (manufactured by POWREC) or the like and then granulating by a wet extrusion granulation method, a fluidized bed granulation method or the like.
- FD-5S manufactured by POWREC
- the immediate-release preparation and the sustained-release preparation thus obtained are administered as they are or as appropriate, together with preparation excipients, etc., separately according to a conventional method, and then simultaneously or in combination with an arbitrary administration interval.
- both of them may be formulated into one oral administration preparation (eg, granule, fine granule, tablet, capsule) together with a preparation excipient or the like as it is or as appropriate.
- Both preparations may be produced into granules or fine granules and filled in the same capsule or the like to prepare for oral administration.
- Sublingual tablet, buccal or intraoral quick disintegrating agent and preparation thereof may be a solid preparation such as a tablet, or an oral mucosal patch (film) It may be.
- a preparation containing the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug and an excipient is preferable. Further, it may contain auxiliary agents such as a lubricant, an isotonic agent, a hydrophilic carrier, a water-dispersible polymer, and a stabilizer.
- ⁇ -cyclodextrin or ⁇ -cyclodextrin derivative eg, hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin
- the like may be contained in order to facilitate absorption and increase the bioavailability.
- Examples of the excipient include lactose, sucrose, D-mannitol, starch, crystalline cellulose, and light anhydrous silicic acid.
- Examples of the lubricant include magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, talc, colloidal silica and the like, and magnesium stearate and colloidal silica are particularly preferable.
- Examples of the isotonic agent include sodium chloride, glucose, fructose, mannitol, sorbitol, lactose, saccharose, glycerin, urea and the like, and mannitol is particularly preferable.
- hydrophilic carrier examples include swellable hydrophilic carriers such as crystalline cellulose, ethyl cellulose, crosslinkable polyvinyl pyrrolidone, light anhydrous silicic acid, silicic acid, dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, and particularly crystalline cellulose (eg, microcrystalline cellulose). Is preferred.
- water-dispersible polymers examples include gums (eg, tragacanth gum, acacia gum, guar gum), alginates (eg, sodium alginate), cellulose derivatives (eg, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose), Gelatin, water-soluble starch, polyacrylic acid (eg, carbomer), polymethacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polycarbophil, ascorbic acid, palmitate, etc., hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyacrylic acid, Alginate, gelatin, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol and the like are preferable.
- gums eg, tragacanth gum, acacia gum, guar gum
- alginates eg, sodium alginate
- cellulose derivatives eg, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxy
- Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is particularly preferable.
- the stabilizer include cysteine, thiosorbitol, tartaric acid, citric acid, sodium carbonate, ascorbic acid, glycine, sodium sulfite and the like, and citric acid and ascorbic acid are particularly preferable.
- a sublingual tablet, buccal or intraoral quick disintegrating agent can be produced by mixing the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug and an excipient by a method known per se.
- auxiliary agents such as the above-mentioned lubricants, tonicity agents, hydrophilic carriers, water-dispersible polymers, stabilizers, colorants, sweeteners, preservatives and the like may be mixed as desired.
- a sublingual tablet, a buccal tablet or an intraoral quick disintegrating tablet is obtained by compression tableting.
- it may be produced by humidifying and wetting with a solvent such as water or alcohol as necessary before and after the tableting molding process, and drying after molding.
- the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug and the above-mentioned water-dispersible polymer preferably hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
- excipients etc.
- a solvent such as water
- the resulting solution is cast into a film.
- additives such as a plasticizer, a stabilizer, an antioxidant, a preservative, a colorant, a buffering agent, and a sweetener may be added.
- Bioadhesive polymers eg, polycarbophil, carbopol, etc. are added to increase the adhesion of the film to the mucosal lining of the oral cavity and to contain glycols such as polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol to give the film moderate elasticity.
- Casting is performed by pouring the solution onto a non-adhesive surface, spreading it to a uniform thickness (preferably about 10 to 1000 microns) with an application tool such as a doctor blade, and then drying the solution to form a film. Achieved.
- the film thus formed may be dried at room temperature or under heating and cut to a desired surface area.
- a solid rapid diffusion agent comprising a network of a compound of the present invention or a concomitant drug and a water-soluble or water-diffusible carrier that is inactive with the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug.
- the network is obtained by sublimating a solvent from the solid composition composed of a solution of the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug dissolved in an appropriate solvent.
- composition of the intraoral quick disintegrating agent preferably contains a matrix forming agent and a secondary component in addition to the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug.
- the matrix-forming agent examples include gelatins, dextrins, and animal or vegetable proteins such as soybean, wheat and psyllium seed proteins; gum substances such as gum arabic, guar gum, agar and xanthan; Examples include sugars, alginic acids, carboxymethylcelluloses, carrageenans, dextrans, pectins, synthetic polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, gelatin-gum arabic complex, and the like.
- sugars such as mannitol, dextrose, lactose, galactose and trehalose; cyclic saccharides such as cyclodextrin; inorganic salts such as sodium phosphate, sodium chloride and aluminum silicate; glycine, L-alanine, L-aspartic acid, L- Examples include amino acids having 2 to 12 carbon atoms such as glutamic acid, L-hydroxyproline, L-isoleucine, L-leucine and L-phenylalanine.
- One or more of the matrix forming agents can be introduced into a solution or suspension before solidification.
- a matrix forming agent may be present in addition to the surfactant, or may be present with the surfactant excluded.
- the matrix-forming agent can help maintain the diffusion state of the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug in the solution or suspension.
- Suitable colorants include red, black and yellow iron oxides and FD & C dyes such as FD & C Blue 2 and FD & C Red 40 from Ellis & Everald.
- Suitable flavors include mint, raspberry, licorice, orange, lemon, grapefruit, caramel, vanilla, cherry and grape flavor and combinations thereof.
- Suitable pH adjusting agents include citric acid, tartaric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid and maleic acid.
- Suitable sweeteners include aspartame, acesulfame K, thaumatin and the like.
- Suitable taste masking agents include sodium bicarbonate, ion exchange resins, cyclodextrin inclusion compounds, adsorbate materials, and microencapsulated apomorphine.
- the preparation usually contains about 0.1 to about 50% by weight, preferably about 0.1 to about 30% by weight of the compound of the present invention or a concomitant drug, and is about 1 to about 60 minutes, preferably about 1 minute.
- the content of the above-mentioned excipient in the whole preparation is about 10 to about 99% by weight, preferably about 30 to about 90% by weight.
- the content of ⁇ -cyclodextrin or ⁇ -cyclodextrin derivative in the whole preparation is 0 to about 30% by weight.
- the content of the lubricant in the whole preparation is about 0.01 to about 10% by weight, preferably about 1 to about 5% by weight.
- the content of the tonicity agent in the whole preparation is about 0.1 to about 90% by weight, preferably about 10 to about 70% by weight.
- the content of the hydrophilic carrier in the whole preparation is about 0.1 to about 50% by weight, preferably about 10 to about 30% by weight.
- the content of the water-dispersible polymer in the whole preparation is about 0.1 to about 30% by weight, preferably about 10 to about 25% by weight.
- the content of the stabilizer in the whole preparation is about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, preferably about 1 to about 5% by weight.
- the above-mentioned preparation may further contain additives such as a coloring agent, a sweetening agent, and a preservative as necessary.
- the dose of the concomitant drug of the present invention varies depending on the type, age, weight, symptom, dosage form, administration method, administration period, etc. of the compound of the present invention. For example, it is usually per cancer patient (adult, body weight about 60 kg) per person.
- the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug are each about 0.01 to about 1000 mg / kg, preferably about 0.01 to about 100 mg / kg, more preferably about 0.1 to about 100 mg / kg, especially about 0 per day.
- the dosage varies depending on various conditions. Therefore, a dosage smaller than the dosage may be sufficient, or the dosage may need to be administered beyond the range.
- the amount of the concomitant drug can be set as long as side effects do not become a problem.
- the daily dose as a concomitant drug varies depending on the degree of symptoms, age of the subject, sex, body weight, sensitivity difference, timing of administration, interval, nature of pharmaceutical preparation, formulation, type, type of active ingredient, etc. Although it is not limited, the amount of the drug is usually about 0.001 to 2000 mg, preferably about 0.01 to 500 mg, more preferably about 0.1 to 100 mg per kg body weight of the mammal by oral administration, Is usually administered in 1 to 4 divided doses per day.
- the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug may be administered at the same time, but after administering the concomitant drug first, the compound of the present invention may be administered.
- the inventive compound may be administered first, followed by the concomitant drug.
- the time difference varies depending on the active ingredient to be administered, dosage form, and administration method.
- administering the concomitant drug first within 1 minute to 3 days after administering the concomitant drug, preferably Examples include a method of administering the compound of the present invention within 10 minutes to 1 day, more preferably within 15 minutes to 1 hour.
- a method of administering the concomitant drug within 1 minute to 1 day, preferably within 10 minutes to 6 hours, more preferably within 15 minutes to 1 hour after administering the compound of the present invention Is mentioned.
- a concomitant drug molded into an orally administered preparation is orally administered, and about 0.005 to 100 mg of the compound of the present invention formed into an orally administered preparation after about 15 minutes. / Kg is orally administered as a daily dose.
- the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug of the present invention can be used in combination with non-drug therapy.
- the compound of the present invention or the concomitant agent of the present invention includes, for example, (1) surgery, (2) pressor chemotherapy using angiotensin II, (3) gene therapy, (4) hyperthermia, (5) It can also be combined with non-drug therapies such as cryotherapy, (6) laser ablation, and (7) radiation therapy.
- the use of the compound of the present invention or the concomitant agent of the present invention before or after surgery, etc., or before or after treatment combining these two or three kinds prevents the development of resistance, disease-free (Disease-Free Survival) Effects such as prolongation of cancer, suppression of cancer metastasis or recurrence, and life extension.
- treatment with the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug of the present invention and supportive therapy [(i) antibiotics (for example, ⁇ -lactams such as pansporin, macrolides such as clarithromycin) for the co-occurrence of various infectious diseases Administration, (ii) high calorie infusion for improving nutritional disorders, amino acid preparations, administration of multivitamins, (iii) morphine administration for pain relief, (iv) nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, leukopenia, Combination of drugs to improve side effects such as thrombocytopenia, decreased hemoglobin concentration, hair loss, liver damage, kidney damage, DIC, fever, and (v) administration of drugs to suppress multidrug resistance of cancer, etc.) You can also.
- antibiotics for example, ⁇ -lactams such as pansporin, macrolides such as clarithromycin
- the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug of the present invention is orally administered (including sustained release), intravenously administered (including bolus, infusion, inclusion body), subcutaneous and intramuscular injection. It is preferred to administer (including bolus, infusion, sustained release), transdermal, intratumoral and proximal administration.
- the time when the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug of the present invention is administered before surgery or the like can be administered once, for example, about 30 minutes to 24 hours before surgery or the like.
- the administration can be divided into 1 to 3 cycles 3 to 6 months before.
- the compound of the present invention or the concomitant drug of the present invention when administered after surgery or the like, it can be repeatedly administered, for example, in units of several weeks to 3 months, about 30 minutes to 24 hours after surgery.
- the effect of surgery or the like can be enhanced by administering the compound of the present invention or the combination agent of the present invention after surgery or the like.
- Measuring equipment Micromass Platform II or Waters ZMD Ionization method: Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) or Electron Spray Ionization (ESI)
- APCI Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization
- ESI Electron Spray Ionization
- HPLC-mass spectrum LC-MS was measured under the following conditions.
- Measuring instruments Micromass ZMD, Agilent Technologies HP1100 and 1200 LC / MSD Column: CAPCELL PAK C18UG120, S-3 ⁇ m, 1.5 X 35 mm
- Injection volume 2 ⁇ L
- flow rate 0.5 mL / min
- detection method UV 220 nm
- Ionization method Electron Spray Ionization (ESI) 1 H-NMR spectrum was measured with Bruker AVANCE DPX-300 (300 MHz), Bruker AV-300M (300
- the extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Insoluble materials were removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Ethanol (188 mL) and a 20% ethanol solution of sodium ethoxide (13.3 mL, 39.0 mmol) were added to the residue, and the mixture was stirred at 50 ° C. for 3 hr. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, 1N hydrochloric acid (100 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL). The extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- Reference example 4 Preparation of ethyl 6-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate Compound of Reference Example 3 (3.15 g, 10.9 mmol), 2,3-dichloro-5, A mixture of 6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (2.97 g, 13.1 mmol) and toluene (63 mL) was stirred with heating under reflux for 1 hour. Water (100 mL) was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL). The extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- the extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Insoluble matters were removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Ethanol (109 mL) and a 20% ethanol solution of sodium ethoxide (6.72 mL, 19.8 mmol) were added to the residue, followed by stirring at 50 ° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, 1N hydrochloric acid (100 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL). The extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- Reference Example 12 Preparation of ethyl 1- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -6-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate
- the compound of Reference Example 11 was prepared in the same manner as in Reference Example 4. (4.75 g, 14.6 mmol), 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (3.65 g, 16.1 mmol), toluene (95 mL), the title compound (3.47 g, 74%) Obtained as a white solid.
- Reference Example 13 Preparation of ethyl 4-chloro-1- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -6-ethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate
- the compound of Reference Example 12 was prepared in the same manner as in Reference Example 5.
- the title compound (4.05 g, 98%) was obtained as a yellow oil from (3.47 g, 12.1 mmol), phosphorus oxychloride (3.38 mL, 36.2 mmol) and MeCN (69 mL).
- Reference Example 22 Production of methyl 3-[(4-fluorophenyl) amino] pentanoate
- the compound of Reference Example 21 (11.2 g, 50.2 mmol), 5% platinum-activated carbon (2.24 g), acetic acid (56 mL) and ethanol (56 mL) were used to give the title compound (7.71 g, 68%) as a pale yellow oil.
- the extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- the insoluble material was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Ethanol (232 mL) and a 20% ethanol solution of sodium ethoxide (17.5 mL, 51.3 mmol) were added to the residue, followed by stirring at 70 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, 1N hydrochloric acid (100 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL).
- the extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- Reference Example 25 Preparation of ethyl 6-ethyl-5- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-hydroxy-1-methyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo [3,2-c] pyridine-2-carboxylate
- Reference Example 33 Preparation of methyl 3- ⁇ [4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] amino ⁇ pentanoate
- the compound of Reference Example 32 (6.54 g, 23.9 mmol), 5% platinum-activated carbon (654 mg), acetic acid (33 mL), and ethanol (33 mL) to give the title compound (5.88 g, 89%) as a yellow oil.
- Reference Example 34 Preparation of ethyl 6-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1- [4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylate The same method as in Reference Example 11 To 20% ethanol solution (13.4 mL, 39.4 mmol) of the compound of Reference Example 33 (5.88 g, 21.4 mmol), (chloroformyl) ethyl acetate (3.51 mL, 27.8 mmol), THF (59 mL) and sodium ethoxide. The title compound (3.28 g, 47%) was obtained as a yellow oil from ethanol (77 mL).
- Reference Example 35 Preparation of ethyl 6-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1- [4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate
- Reference Example 34 From the compound (3.28 g, 8.74 mmol), 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (2.20 g, 9.61 mmol), toluene (66 mL), the title compound (1.95 g, 63% ) was obtained as a yellow oil.
- Reference Example 45 Preparation of methyl 3-[(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropanoyl) (4-methoxyphenyl) amino] pentanoate Compound of Reference Example 44 (10.5 g, 44.6 mmol), 5% platinum-activated carbon (1.05 g) , Acetic acid (50 mL) and ethanol (50 mL) were stirred at room temperature for 2 hours under a hydrogen atmosphere. Insoluble material was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue was added saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (100 mL), and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL).
- the extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Insoluble material was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue were added THF (97 mL) and (chloroformyl) ethyl acetate (6.17 mL, 48.8 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. A saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (100 mL) was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL). The extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- Reference Example 46 Preparation of ethyl 6-ethyl-4-hydroxy-1- (4-methoxyphenyl) -2-oxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylate Compound of Reference Example 45 (4.22 g, 12.0 mmol ), A 20% ethanol solution of sodium ethoxide (8.17 mL, 24.0 mmol) and ethanol (42 mL) were stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, 1N hydrochloric acid (100 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL).
- Reference Example 48 Preparation of ethyl 4-chloro-6-ethyl-1- (4-methoxyphenyl) -2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate
- the compound of Reference Example 47 (2.35 g, 7.41 mmol), phosphorus oxychloride (2.06 mL, 22.2 mmol) and MeCN (47 mL) gave the title compound (2.01 g, 80%) as a yellow oil.
- Reference Example 57 Preparation of methyl 3-[(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropanoyl) (3-fluorophenyl) amino] pentanoate
- the compound of Reference Example 56 (5.00 g, 22.4 mmol), 5 % Platinum-activated carbon (1.00 g), acetic acid (25 mL), ethanol (25 mL) and ethyl (chloroformyl) acetate (5.17 mL, 40.9 mmol), THF (46 mL), the title compound (4.41 g, 58 %) As a yellow oil.
- Reference Example 58 Preparation of ethyl 6-ethyl-1- (3-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate Compound of Reference Example 57 (4.41 g, 13.0 mmol), sodium ethoxide A 20% ethanol solution (8.85 mL, 26.0 mmol) and ethanol (44 mL) were stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, 1N hydrochloric acid (100 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL).
- Reference Example 68 Preparation of ethyl 4-chloro-6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-pyran-3-carboxylate
- the compound of Reference Example 67 (1.65 g, 8.33 mmol), N, N-diisopropylethylamine (1.08 g, 8.33 mmol) and A mixture of phosphorus oxychloride (6.20 g, 40.4 mmol) was stirred at 110 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the reaction mixture was cooled and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was added to ice water, and the precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with water.
- Reference Example 72 1,6-Dimethyl-5- (4-methylphenyl) -4-oxo-3- (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) -4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo [3,2-c] pyridine
- ethyl-2-carboxylate A suspension of the compound of Reference Example 71 (50 mg, 0.15 mmol) and p-toluidine (322 mg, 3.00 mmol) in acetic acid (1 mL) was heated at 180 ° C. under microwave irradiation. Heated for hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with 1N hydrochloric acid (10 mL), and the precipitate was collected by filtration.
- Reference Example 75 Preparation of methyl 3-[(4-fluorophenyl) amino] pentanoate Compound of Reference Example 74 (11.2 g, 50.2 mmol), 5% platinum-activated carbon (2.24 g), acetic acid (56 mL), ethanol (56 mL ) was stirred at room temperature under a hydrogen atmosphere for 7 hours. Insoluble material was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue was added saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (100 mL), and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL). The extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- the extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- the insoluble material was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Ethanol (232 mL) and a 20% ethanol solution of sodium ethoxide (17.5 mL, 51.3 mmol) were added to the residue, followed by stirring at 70 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, 1N hydrochloric acid (100 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL).
- the extract was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- Reference Example 78 Preparation of ethyl 6-ethyl-5- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-hydroxy-1-methyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo [3,2-c] pyridine-2-carboxylate A mixture of the compound of Reference Example 77 (3.70 g, 11.4 mmol), sarcosine ethyl ester hydrochloride (3.51 g, 22.9 mmol), diisopropylethylamine (9.93 mL, 57.0 mmol) and ethanol (37 mL) was heated under reflux. Stir for 3 hours.
- Example 24-Example 50 In the same manner as in Example 23, the compounds shown in Table 1 were obtained from the compound of Reference Example 31 and the corresponding amine.
- the compound 0.16M-DMF solution (500 ⁇ L, 80 ⁇ mol) of Reference Example 31 was added to a 0.19M-DMF solution (500 ⁇ L, 96 ⁇ mol) of pyridine-3-amine, and a mixed DMF solution of HATU (160 ⁇ mol) and DIPEA (160 ⁇ mol) was added thereto. (500 ⁇ L) was added.
- the reaction mixture was stirred at 70 ° C. overnight. Thereto, 3 mL of ethyl acetate and 2 mL of 2% aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution were added for extraction, and the organic layer was collected by an upper phase sep tube (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries).
- Example 52-Example 55 In the same manner as in Example 51, the compounds shown in Table 2 were obtained from the compound of Reference Example 31 and the corresponding amine.
- a medicament containing the compound of the present invention as an active ingredient can be produced, for example, according to the following formulation.
- Tablet (1) Compound obtained in Example 1 40 mg (2) Lactose 58mg (3) Corn starch 18mg (4) Microcrystalline cellulose 3.5mg (5) Magnesium stearate 0.5mg 1 tablet 120mg After mixing 2/3 of (1), (2), (3), (4) and 1/2 of (5), granulate. The remaining (4) and (5) are added to the granules and pressed into tablets.
- Test example 1 Construction of Gli reporter plasmid
- the Gli reporter plasmid was constructed by inserting 8 ⁇ Gli-binding site and chicken ⁇ -crystallin promoter into the luc + upstream part of pGL3 (Promega).
- the ⁇ -crystallin promoter is a synthetic DNA prepared by referring to the base sequence described in GenBank accession No. X02187: 5'-GAAGATCTGCCAGCCCAGGCTCCGGGGC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 1) 5'-CCCAAGCTTCTGCCCGCACAGCCCTGCTC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 2) was used as a primer set and cloned by PCR using chicken genomic DNA (Clontech) as a template.
- PCR reaction was performed using Pfu Turbo (Stratagene) according to the attached protocol.
- the obtained 108 bp fragment was digested with restriction enzymes BglII and HindIII and then inserted into the BglII-HindIII site of pGL3 to obtain a plasmid pGL3 / ⁇ -cry promoter.
- 8 x Gli-binding site synthesizes a sequence containing 8 9-bp Gli binding consensus sequences (GACCACCCA) described in Yoon et al., J. Biol. Chem., 273, 3494-3501, 1998 Made with DNA.
- the resulting double-stranded DNA is digested with restriction enzymes BglII and KpnI, and the resulting DNA fragment is inserted into the BglII-KpnI site of the pGL3 / ⁇ -cry promoter, and the plasmid pGL3 / ⁇ -cry promoter, 8 x Gli binding A site, the Gli reporter plasmid, was constructed.
- mouse Shh cDNA was first cloned. Cloning of mouse Shh cDNA was performed by Nested PCR using mouse fetal day 11 cDNA (Clontech) as a template. The primer sequence was prepared with reference to the base sequence described in GenBank accession No. NM_009170.
- the primer set for the 1 st PCR 5'-CTGGGTGGGGATCGGAGACA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 5) 5'-GCGCTTTCCCATCAGTTCCTTATT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 6), Further, as a primer set for 2 nd PCR, 5'-GGGGTACCATGCTGCTGCTGCTGGCCA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 7) 5'-GCTCTAGATCAGCTGGACTTGACCGCCA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 8) Were used respectively. PCR reaction was performed using Pfu Turbo (Stratagene) according to the attached protocol.
- the obtained PCR product was cloned with pcDNA3.1 (+) (Invitrogen), and the inserted nucleotide sequence was confirmed.
- pcDNA3.1 (+) Invitrogen
- TGA stop codon
- 5'-ATGCTGCTGCTGCTGGCCAG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 9) 5'-TCAGCCGCCGGATTTGGCCG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 10) was used.
- Test Example 2 (In vivo antitumor test) The antitumor effect of the compounds was evaluated using a mouse medulloblast allograft model as described by Sasai, K. et al., (2006) Cancer Res. 66: 4215-4222. Specifically, Patched1 gene mutant mice (strain name: Ptch1tm1Mps / J) were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory, and p53 gene mutant mice (strain name: P53N4-M, Nomenclature: B6.129-Trp53tm / BrdN4) were purchased from Taconic. Mice with a genotype of Patched 1 (+/ ⁇ ) and p53 ( ⁇ / ⁇ ) were prepared by crossing.
- a turbid solution was prepared, and then mixed with an equal volume of Matrigel (BD Biosciences, Cat. No. 356237) to the tumor suspension and transplanted subcutaneously into the mouse at 100 ⁇ l per implantation site.
- the tumor diameter after transplantation was measured, and when the tumor size reached 150 to 250 mm 3 , anti-tumor test was started with 5 mice per group.
- Test compounds were prepared in a suspension of 0.5% methylcellulose (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Cat. No. SM-100) so that the compound was dosed at 1 mg / kg, twice a day for 2 weeks. Oral administration was performed.
- the tumor size was calculated by measuring the major axis and minor axis of the tumor using an electronic caliper.
- Tumor size growth rate (T / C) ((tumor size at the end of administration in the compound administration group) ⁇ (tumor size at the start of administration in the compound administration group)) / (( Tumor size at the end of administration in the control group) ⁇ (tumor size at the start of administration in the control group)) ⁇ 100.
- the compound of the present invention has an excellent Smo inhibitory action.
- the compound of the present invention exhibits an excellent Smo inhibitory action, it can provide a clinically useful preventive or therapeutic agent for diseases associated with Smo (for example, cancer and the like).
- the compound of the present invention is also useful as a drug because it is excellent in terms of drug efficacy, pharmacokinetics, solubility, interaction with other drugs, safety, and stability.
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Abstract
Description
発生期における形態形成の研究はショウジョウバエ(Drosophila)を用いた変異体のスクリーニングにより行われてきた。Hedgehog 遺伝子(hh)はその変異によりショウジョウバエのEmbryoにおいて形態異常を呈する遺伝子の一つとして見出された。Hedgehog遺伝子産物(Hh)は分泌タンパク質であり、約45 kDaの前駆体として産生された後、自己分解を生じて活性本体である20 kDaのN-末端側ドメインと25 kDaのC-末端側ドメインに分けられる。活性本体である20 kDaのN-末端側ドメインは、そのN-末端が脂肪酸により、またC-末端がコレステロールによりそれぞれ修飾されている。Hedgehogシグナル伝達系は、以下に述べるタンパク質群で形成されている。Hhの受容体は、12回膜貫通型膜タンパク質であるPatched(Ptch)である。Ptchは7回膜貫通型タンパク質であるSmoothened(Smo)に作用し、Hh非存在下ではSmoの機能を抑制している。Hhが受容体のPtchに結合することによりSmoに対する抑制が解除され、Smoが活性化する。Smoが活性化することによって生じるシグナルは転写因子Ciを活性化し、形態形成に関与する遺伝子群の発現調節が行われる(Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 12巻, 503-511頁, 2002年)。
ショウジョウバエHedgehogシグナル伝達系に相当するパスウェイは哺乳動物においても確認されている。例えば、ヒトにおいては、ショウジョウバエのHhに相当する遺伝子産物としてsonic hedgehog(Shh)、indian hedgehog(Ihh)、desert hedgehog(Dhh)の3種類が知られており、ショウジョウバエHhと同様の翻訳後修飾を受ける(Cell, 103巻, 371-374頁, 2000年)。ヒトShhにおいては45 kDaの前駆体蛋白質から自己分解により19 kDaの活性本体が切り出され、そのN-末端に脂肪酸がC-末端にコレステロールが付加される(J. Biol. Chem., 273巻, 14037-14045頁, 1998年)。これらの修飾はShhの活性の維持に必要な修飾と考えられており、例えばN-末端脂肪酸修飾のない大腸菌組み換え型ヒトShhにパルミチン酸を付加すると活性が40倍に、ミリスチン酸を付加すると活性が160倍に増強された(Biochemistry, 40巻, 4359-4371頁, 2001年)。一方、ショウジョウバエSmoに相当するヒト遺伝子としてはヒトSmoが、ショウジョウバエPtchに相当するヒト遺伝子としてはPtch1、Ptch2の2種類が知られている。さらに、ショウジョウバエCiに相当する転写因子は、ヒトではGliと考えられており、Gli1、Gli2およびGli3の3種類が知られている(Nature Rev. Cancer, 2巻, 361-372頁, 2002年)。Shh/Ihh/DhhはそれぞれPtch1に結合しPtch1とSmoの結合を阻害することでSmoを活性化する。Shh/Ihh/DhhはPtch1のほかPtch2、Hip1、Gas1、Cdo/Bocに結合し、Smoの活性化を制御する。Smoからのシグナル伝達はGli1ならびにGli2の核移行を引き起こし、Gli1の転写を活性化する(Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 19巻, 159-165頁, 2007年)。
哺乳動物においてもHedgehogシグナルは発生期における形態形成に働いている。例えば、ヒトでは先天的な発生異常である全前脳胞症(Holoprosencephaly)の患者にShhの変異が見出された (Nat. Genet., 14巻, 357-360頁, 1996年)。また、ヒツジにおいて単眼症(Cyclopus)を引き起こす化合物として知られているバケイソウ(white hellebore)由来天然化合物Cyclopamine (Am. J. Vet. Res., 24巻, 1164-1175頁, 1963年) は、その作用機序としてSmoを阻害する化合物であることが確認された(Development, 125巻, 3553-3562頁, 1998年)。さらにShhのノックアウトマウスが作製され、その表現系として単眼症、四肢形成異常(Nature, 383巻, 407-413頁, 1996年)、ならびに神経板形成異常(Cell, 111巻, 63-75頁, 2002年)が認められた。
本来発生シグナルであるHedgehogシグナルは腫瘍組織において亢進しており、癌細胞の増殖、生存シグナルとして機能している。腫瘍組織においてHedgehogシグナルはAutocrine modeで癌細胞の増殖、生存に機能している場合と、癌細胞と癌間質細胞との間でParacrine modeに機能している場合が考えられている(Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 5巻, 1026-1033頁, 2006年)。Autocrine modeではGli-1の転写活性化を介して、Cyclin Dの発現増加、p21の発現減少による細胞周期制御の異常、EGFRパスウェイの活性化による増殖シグナルの亢進等で癌細胞の増殖、維持に働く。一方Paracrine modeでは癌細胞で発現されたShhが癌間質細胞のSmoに作用することにより、癌間質細胞から、例えば、インスリン様増殖因子-1、繊維芽細胞増殖因子、血小板由来増殖因子をはじめとする増殖因子が癌細胞へ伝達し、癌細胞の増殖、生存に機能している。さらにはGli-1によりVEGF、PDGFパスウェイ等の亢進により腫瘍血管新生を亢進するとも考えられている(Clin Cancer Res., 12巻, 5924-5928頁, 2006年)。Hedgehogシグナルの亢進のメカニズムについては、Ptch1の変異によりHedgehogシグナルが亢進されている癌と、リガンドの一つであるShhの過剰発現により亢進されている癌がそれぞれ報告されている(Nature Rev. Cancer, 3巻, 903-911頁, 2003年)。変異によりHedgehogシグナルが亢進される癌として基底細胞癌および髄芽細胞腫が知られており、これらの癌で認められるPtch1の変異は、それによりリガンド非依存的にHedgehogシグナルが活性化される(Am. J. Med. Gen., 123A巻, 5-28頁, 2003年)。一方、Shhの過剰発現によりHedgehogシグナルが亢進される癌として膵癌(Nature, 425巻, 846-851頁, 2003年)等が報告されている。一方、Shhを膵臓で強制発現したトランスジェニックマウスでは膵臓に、癌の進行初期段階であるPanIN類似病変が認められたことから、Hedgehogシグナルは癌の増殖、維持のみならず発癌過程にも関与していることが示唆されている(Nature, 425巻, 851-856頁, 2003年)。さらに癌幹細胞の増殖、生存にHedgehogシグナルが機能し、腫瘍の転移あるいは術後の再発等に重要な働きをしていると考えられている(Trends Cell Biol., 17巻, 438-447頁, 2007年)。
Hedgehogシグナル阻害薬としては以下のものが知られている。Smoの天然物阻害化合物であるCyclopamineは、神経膠腫(Development, 128巻, 5201-5212頁, 2001年)等に対して腫瘍増殖抑制効果を有すると報告されている。また、Smoを阻害する合成低分子化合物として、CUR-61414(Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 100巻, 4616-4621頁, 2003年)、SANT-1, 2, 3, 4(Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 99巻, 14071-14076頁, 2002年)が報告されている。Hedgohogシグナル阻害抗体については抗Shh抗体を、大腸癌細胞株HT-29を移植した担癌ヌードマウスに投与すると癌の退縮が認められたことが報告されている(WO2004/020599)。
すなわち、本発明は以下の通りである。
[1] 式
XCは、NRC1、硫黄原子または酸素原子を;
RC1は、水素原子またはC1-6アルキル基を;
RC2は、置換基を有していてもよいカルバモイル基を;
RC3は、置換基を有していてもよいヒドロキシ基を;
RC5は、置換基を有していてもよい環状基を;
RC6は、置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基を;
RC7は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子またはC1-6アルキル基を示す。]
で表される化合物またはその塩(本明細書中、「化合物(CI)」と略記する場合がある);
[2] XCが、NRC1(RC1が、水素原子またはC1-6アルキル基である)であり;
RC2が、
(1) 置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(2) 置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルキニル基、
(3) 置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基、
(4) 置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基、および
(5) 置換基を有していてもよい複素環基
から選ばれる1または2個の置換基を有していてもよいカルバモイル基であり;
RC3が、ハロゲン化されていてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基であり;
RC5が、
(1) 置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基、または
(2) 置換基を有していてもよい複素環基であり;
RC6が、C1-6アルキル基であり;かつ
RC7が、水素原子である、上記[1]に記載の化合物またはその塩;
[3] XCがNRC1(RC1がメチルである)である、上記[2]に記載の化合物またはその塩;
[4] 6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドまたはその塩;
[5] 6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドまたはその塩;
[6] 3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドまたはその塩;
[7] 上記[1]ないし[6]のいずれかに記載の化合物またはその塩のプロドラッグ;
[8] 上記[1]ないし[6]のいずれかに記載の化合物またはその塩またはそのプロドラッグを含有してなる医薬;
[9] Smo阻害剤である、上記[8]記載の医薬;
[10] 癌の予防または治療剤である、上記[8]記載の医薬;
[11] 哺乳動物に対し、上記[1]ないし[6]のいずれかに記載の化合物またはその塩またはそのプロドラッグの有効量を投与することを特徴とする、当該哺乳動物における癌の予防または治療方法;
[12] 癌の予防または治療剤を製造するための、上記[1]ないし[6]のいずれかに記載の化合物またはその塩またはそのプロドラッグの使用。
以下に、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本明細書中、「ハロゲン原子」とは、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子およびヨウ素原子を示す。
本明細書中、「C1-6アルキル基」とは、例えば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、sec-ブチル、tert-ブチル、ペンチル、イソペンチル、ネオペンチル、1-エチルプロピル、ヘキシル、イソヘキシル、1,1-ジメチルブチル、2,2-ジメチルブチル、3,3-ジメチルブチル、2-エチルブチル等を示す。
本明細書中、「C2-6アルケニル基」とは、例えば、エテニル、1-プロペニル、2-プロペニル、2-メチル-1-プロペニル、1-ブテニル、2-ブテニル、3-ブテニル、3-メチル-2-ブテニル、1-ペンテニル、2-ペンテニル、3-ペンテニル、4-ペンテニル、4-メチル-3-ペンテニル、1-ヘキセニル、3-ヘキセニル、5-ヘキセニル等を示す。
本明細書中、「C2-6アルキニル基」とは、例えば、エチニル、1-プロピニル、2-プロピニル、1-ブチニル、2-ブチニル、3-ブチニル、1-ペンチニル、2-ペンチニル、3-ペンチニル、4-ペンチニル、1,1-ジメチルプロパ-2-イン-1-イル、1-ヘキシニル、2-ヘキシニル、3-ヘキシニル、4-ヘキシニル、5-ヘキシニル等を示す。
本明細書中、「C1-6アルコキシ基」とは、例えば、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、イソプロポキシ、ブトキシ、イソブトキシ、sec-ブトキシ、tert-ブトキシ、ペントキシ、イソペントキシ、ヘキソキシ等を示す。
本明細書中、「C3-8シクロアルカン」とは、例えば、シクロプロパン、シクロブタン、シクロペンタン、シクロヘキサン、シクロヘプタン、シクロオクタン等を示す。
本明細書中、「C3-6シクロアルカン」とは、例えば、シクロプロパン、シクロブタン、シクロペンタン、シクロヘキサン等を示す。
本明細書中、「C3-8シクロアルケニル基」とは、例えば、シクロプロペニル(例、2-シクロプロペン-1-イル)、シクロブテニル(例、2-シクロブテン-1-イル)、シクロペンテニル(例、2-シクロペンテン-1-イル、3-シクロペンテン-1-イル)、シクロヘキセニル(例、2-シクロヘキセン-1-イル、3-シクロヘキセン-1-イル)等を示す。
本明細書中、「C6-10アリール基」とは、例えば、フェニル、1-ナフチル、2-ナフチル等を示す。
本明細書中、「C6-10アレーン」とは、例えば、ベンゼン、ナフタレン等を示す。
本明細書中、「C7-13アラルキル基」とは、例えば、ベンジル、フェネチル、ナフチルメチル等を示す。
本明細書中、「C6-10アリール-カルボニル基」とは、例えば、ベンゾイル、1-ナフトイル、2-ナフトイル等を示す。
本明細書中、「芳香族複素環基」とは、単環式芳香族複素環基および縮合芳香族複素環基を示す。
該単環式芳香族複素環基としては、例えば、環構成原子として炭素原子以外に酸素原子、硫黄原子(酸化されていてもよい)および窒素原子(酸化されていてもよい)から選ばれるヘテロ原子を1ないし4個含有する、5ないし7員(好ましくは、5または6員)の単環式芳香族複素環基、例えば、フリル(例、2-フリル、3-フリル)、チエニル(例、2-チエニル、3-チエニル)、ピリジル(例、2-ピリジル、3-ピリジル、4-ピリジル)、ピリミジニル(例、2-ピリミジニル、4-ピリミジニル、5-ピリミジニル)、ピリダジニル(例、3-ピリダジニル、4-ピリダジニル)、ピラジニル(例、2-ピラジニル)、ピロリル(例、1-ピロリル、2-ピロリル、3-ピロリル)、イミダゾリル(例、1-イミダゾリル、2-イミダゾリル、4-イミダゾリル、5-イミダゾリル)、ピラゾリル(例、1-ピラゾリル、3-ピラゾリル、4-ピラゾリル)、チアゾリル(例、2-チアゾリル、4-チアゾリル、5-チアゾリル)、イソチアゾリル(例、3-イソチアゾリル、4-イソチアゾリル、5-イソチアゾリル)、オキサゾリル(例、2-オキサゾリル、4-オキサゾリル、5-オキサゾリル)、イソオキサゾリル(例、3-イソオキサゾリル、4-イソオキサゾリル、5-イソオキサゾリル)、オキサジアゾリル(例、1,2,4-オキサジアゾール-5-イル、1,3,4-オキサジアゾール-2-イル)、チアジアゾリル(例、1,3,4-チアジアゾール-2-イル)、トリアゾリル(例、1,2,4-トリアゾール-1-イル、1,2,4-トリアゾール-3-イル、1,2,3-トリアゾール-1-イル、1,2,3-トリアゾール-2-イル、1,2,3-トリアゾール-4-イル)、テトラゾリル(例、テトラゾール-1-イル、テトラゾール-5-イル)、トリアジニル(例、1,2,4-トリアジン-3-イル、1,2,4-トリアジン-6-イル)等が挙げられる。
該縮合芳香族複素環基としては、例えば、8ないし12員の縮合芳香族複素環基、具体的には、上記5ないし7員の単環式芳香族複素環基に対応する環とC6-10アレーンとが縮合して形成する縮合環から誘導される基;上記5ないし7員の単環式芳香族複素環基に対応する環同士が縮合して形成する縮合環から誘導される基が挙げられ、具体的には、例えば、キノリル(例、2-キノリル、3-キノリル、4-キノリル、6-キノリル)、イソキノリル(例、3-イソキノリル)、キナゾリル(例、2-キナゾリル、4-キナゾリル)、キノキサリル(例、2-キノキサリル、6-キノキサリル)、ベンゾフラニル(例、2-ベンゾフラニル、3-ベンゾフラニル)、ベンゾチエニル(例、2-ベンゾチエニル、3-ベンゾチエニル)、ベンズオキサゾリル(例、2-ベンズオキサゾリル)、ベンズイソオキサゾリル(例、3-ベンズイソオキサゾリル)、ベンゾチアゾリル(例、2-ベンゾチアゾリル)、ベンゾイソチアゾリル(例、3-ベンゾイソチアゾリル)、ベンズイミダゾリル(例、ベンズイミダゾール-1-イル、ベンズイミダゾール-2-イル、ベンズイミダゾール-5-イル)、ベンゾトリアゾリル(例、1H-1,2,3-ベンゾトリアゾール-5-イル)、インドリル(例、インドール-1-イル、インドール-2-イル、インドール-3-イル、インドール-5-イル)、イソインドリル(例、イソインドール-1-イル、イソインドール-2-イル、イソインドール-3-イル、イソインドール-5-イル)、インダゾリル(例、1H-インダゾール-3-イル)、ピロロピラジニル(例、1H-ピロロ[2,3-b]ピラジン-2-イル、1H-ピロロ[2,3-b]ピラジン-6-イル)、イミダゾピリジニル(例、1H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-2-イル、1H-イミダゾ[4,5-c]ピリジン-2-イル、2H-イミダゾ[1,2-a]ピリジン-3-イル)、チエノピリジニル(例、チエノ[2,3-b]ピリジン-3-イル)、イミダゾピラジニル(例、1H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピラジン-2-イル)、ピラゾロピリジニル(例、1H-ピラゾロ[4,3-c]ピリジン-3-イル)、ピラゾロチエニル(例、2H-ピラゾロ[3,4-b]チオフェン-2-イル)、ピラゾロトリアジニル(例、ピラゾロ[5,1-c][1,2,4]トリアジン-3-イル)等が挙げられる。
該単環式非芳香族複素環基としては、例えば、環構成原子として炭素原子以外に酸素原子、硫黄原子(該硫黄原子は酸化されていてもよい)および窒素原子から選ばれるヘテロ原子を1ないし4個含有する、4ないし7員(好ましくは、5または6員)の単環式非芳香族複素環基、例えば、アゼチジニル(例、1-アゼチジニル、2-アゼチジニル)、ピロリジニル(例、1-ピロリジニル、2-ピロリジニル)、ピペリジル(例、ピペリジノ、2-ピペリジル、3-ピペリジル)、モルホリニル(例、モルホリノ)、チオモルホリニル(例、チオモルホリノ)、ピペラジニル(例、1-ピペラジニル、2-ピペラジニル、3-ピペラジニル)、オキサゾリジニル(例、オキサゾリジン-2-イル)、チアゾリジニル(例、チアゾリジン-2-イル)、イミダゾリジニル(例、イミダゾリジン-2-イル、イミダゾリジン-3-イル)、オキサゾリニル(例、オキサゾリン-2-イル)、チアゾリニル(例、チアゾリン-2-イル)、イミダゾリニル(例、イミダゾリン-2-イル、イミダゾリン-3-イル)、ジオキソリル(例、1,3-ジオキソール-4-イル)、ジオキソラニル(例、1,3-ジオキソラン-4-イル)、ジヒドロオキサジアゾリル(例、4,5-ジヒドロ-1,2,4-オキサジアゾール-3-イル)、ピラニル(例、2-ピラニル、4-ピラニル)、ジヒドロピラニル(例、2,3-ジヒドロピラン-2-イル、2,3-ジヒドロピラン-3-イル)、テトラヒドロピラニル(例、2-テトラヒドロピラニル、3-テトラヒドロピラニル、4-テトラヒドロピラニル)、チオピラニル(例、4-チオピラニル)、ジヒドロチオピラニル(例、ジヒドロチオピラン-3-イル、ジヒドロチオピラン-4-イル)、テトラヒドロチオピラニル(例、2-テトラヒドロチオピラニル、3-テトラヒドロチオピラニル、4-テトラヒドロチオピラニル)、1-オキシドテトラヒドロチオピラニル(例、1-オキシドテトラヒドロチオピラン-4-イル)、1,1-ジオキシドテトラヒドロチオピラニル(例、1,1-ジオキシドテトラヒドロチオピラン-4-イル)、テトラヒドロフリル(例、テトラヒドロフラン-3-イル、テトラヒドロフラン-2-イル)、ピラゾリジニル(例、ピラゾリジン-1-イル、ピラゾリジン-3-イル)、ピラゾリニル(例、ピラゾリン-1-イル)、テトラヒドロピリミジニル(例、テトラヒドロピリミジン-1-イル)、ジヒドロトリアゾリル(例、2,3-ジヒドロ-1H-1,2,3-トリアゾール-1-イル)、テトラヒドロトリアゾリル(例、2,3,4,5-テトラヒドロ-1H-1,2,3-トリアゾール-1-イル)、アゼパニル(例、1-アゼパニル、2-アゼパニル、3-アゼパニル、4-アゼパニル)、ジヒドロピリジル(例、ジヒドロピリジン-1-イル、ジヒドロピリジン-2-イル、ジヒドロピリジン-3-イル、ジヒドロピリジン-4-イル)、テトラヒドロピリジル(例、テトラヒドロピリジン-1-イル、テトラヒドロピリジン-2-イル、テトラヒドロピリジン-3-イル、テトラヒドロピリジン-4-イル)等が挙げられる。
該縮合非芳香族複素環基としては、例えば、8ないし12員の縮合非芳香族複素環基、具体的には、上記4ないし7員の単環式非芳香族複素環基に対応する環とC6-10アレーンとが縮合して形成する縮合環から誘導される基;上記4ないし7員の単環式非芳香族複素環基に対応する環同士が縮合して形成する縮合環から誘導される基;上記4ないし7員の単環式非芳香族複素環基に対応する環と上記5ないし7員の単環式芳香族複素環基に対応する環とが縮合して形成する縮合環から誘導される基;これらの基の部分飽和により得られる基が挙げられ、具体的には、例えば、ジヒドロインドリル(例、2,3-ジヒドロ-1H-インドール-1-イル)、ジヒドロイソインドリル(例、1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール-2-イル)、ジヒドロベンゾフラニル(例、2,3-ジヒドロ-1-ベンゾフラン-5-イル)、テトラヒドロベンゾフラニル(例、4,5,6,7-テトラヒドロ-1-ベンゾフラン-3-イル)、ジヒドロベンゾジオキシニル(例、2,3-ジヒドロ-1,4-ベンゾジオキシニル)、ジヒドロベンゾジオキセピニル(例、3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-1,5-ベンゾジオキセピニル)、クロメニル(例、4H-クロメン-2-イル、2H-クロメン-3-イル)、ジヒドロクロメニル(例、3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-クロメン-2-イル)、ジヒドロキノリニル(例、1,2-ジヒドロキノリン-4-イル)、テトラヒドロキノリニル(例、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロキノリン-4-イル)、ジヒドロイソキノリニル(例、1,2-ジヒドロイソキノリン-4-イル)、テトラヒドロイソキノリニル(例、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロイソキノリン-4-イル)、ジヒドロフタラジニル(例、1,4-ジヒドロフタラジン-4-イル)、アザビシクロヘキシル(例、2-アザビシクロ[3.1.0]ヘキサン-3-イル)等が挙げられる。
本明細書中、「芳香族複素環」とは、単環式芳香族複素環および縮合芳香族複素環を示す。
該単環式芳香族複素環としては、例えば、環構成原子として炭素原子以外に酸素原子、硫黄原子(酸化されていてもよい)および窒素原子(酸化されていてもよい)から選ばれるヘテロ原子を1ないし4個含有する、5ないし7員(好ましくは、5または6員)の単環式芳香族複素環、例えば、フラン、チオフェン、ピリジン、ピリミジン、ピリダジン、ピラジン、ピロール、イミダゾール、ピラゾール、チアゾール、イソチアゾール、オキサゾール、イソオキサゾール、オキサジアゾール、チアジアゾール、トリアゾール、テトラゾール、トリアジン等が挙げられる。
該縮合芳香族複素環としては、例えば、8ないし12員の縮合芳香族複素環、具体的には、上記5ないし7員の単環式芳香族複素環とC6-10アレーンとが縮合して形成する縮合環;上記5ないし7員の単環式芳香族複素環同士が縮合して形成する縮合環が挙げられ、具体的には、例えば、キノリン、イソキノリン、キナゾリン、キノキサリン、ベンゾフラン、ベンゾチオフェン、ベンズオキサゾール、ベンズイソオキサゾール、ベンゾチアゾール、ベンゾイソチアゾール、ベンズイミダゾール、ベンゾトリアゾール、インドール、イソインドール、インダゾール、ピロロピラジン(例、1H-ピロロ[2,3-b]ピラジン)、イミダゾピリジン(例、2H-イミダゾ[1,2-a]ピリジン、1H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン、1H-イミダゾ[4,5-c]ピリジン)、チエノピリジン(例、チエノ[2,3-b]ピリジン)、イミダゾピラジン(例、1H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピラジン)、ピラゾロピリジン(例、1H-ピラゾロ[4,3-c]ピリジン)、ピラゾロチオフェン(例、2H-ピラゾロ[3,4-b]チオフェン)、ピラゾロトリアジン(例、ピラゾロ[5,1-c][1,2,4]トリアジン)等が挙げられる。
該単環式非芳香族複素環としては、例えば、環構成原子として炭素原子以外に酸素原子、硫黄原子(該硫黄原子は酸化されていてもよい)および窒素原子から選ばれるヘテロ原子を1ないし4個含有する、4ないし7員(好ましくは、5または6員)の単環式非芳香族複素環、例えば、アゼチジン、ピロリジン、ピペリジン、モルホリン、チオモルホリン、ピペラジン、オキサゾリジン、チアゾリジン、イミダゾリジン、オキサゾリン、チアゾリン、イミダゾリン、ジオキソール、ジオキソラン、ジヒドロオキサジアゾール、ピラン、ジヒドロピラン、テトラヒドロピラン、チオピラン、ジヒドロチオピラン、テトラヒドロチオピラン、1-オキシドテトラヒドロチオピラン、1,1-ジオキシドテトラヒドロチオピラン、テトラヒドロフラン、ピラゾリジン、ピラゾリン、テトラヒドロピリミジン、ジヒドロトリアゾール、テトラヒドロトリアゾール、アゼパン、ジヒドロピリジン、テトラヒドロピリジン等が挙げられる。
該縮合非芳香族複素環としては、例えば、8ないし12員の縮合非芳香族複素環、具体的には、上記4ないし7員の単環式非芳香族複素環とC6-10アレーンとが縮合して形成する縮合環;上記4ないし7員の単環式非芳香族複素環同士が縮合して形成する縮合環;上記4ないし7員の単環式非芳香族複素環と上記5ないし7員の単環式芳香族複素環とが縮合して形成する縮合環;これらの環の部分飽和により得られる環が挙げられ、具体的には、例えば、ジヒドロインドール(例、2,3-ジヒドロ-1H-インドール)、ジヒドロイソインドール(例、1,3-ジヒドロ-2H-イソインドール)、ジヒドロベンゾフラン(例、2,3-ジヒドロ-1-ベンゾフラン)、テトラヒドロベンゾフラン(例、4,5,6,7-テトラヒドロ-1-ベンゾフラン)、ジヒドロベンゾジオキシン(例、2,3-ジヒドロ-1,4-ベンゾジオキシン)、ジヒドロベンゾジオキセピン(例、3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-1,5-ベンゾジオキセピン)、クロメン、ジヒドロクロメン(例、3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-クロメン)、ジヒドロキノリン(例、1,2-ジヒドロキノリン)、テトラヒドロキノリン(例、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロキノリン)、ジヒドロイソキノリン(例、1,2-ジヒドロイソキノリン)、テトラヒドロイソキノリン(例、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロイソキノリン)、ジヒドロフタラジン(例、1,4-ジヒドロフタラジン)、アザビシクロヘキサン(例、2-アザビシクロ[3.1.0]ヘキサン)等が挙げられる。
(1) ハロゲン原子;
(2) シアノ基;
(3) ニトロ基;
(4) ヒドロキシ基;
(5) カルボキシ基;
(6)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) ヒドロキシ基、
(c) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(d) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基、および
(e) オキソ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基;
(7)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) ヒドロキシ基、
(c) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、および
(d) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基;
(8)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) ヒドロキシ基、
(c) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、および
(d) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい5ないし12員(好ましくは5または6員)の芳香族複素環基;
(9)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) ヒドロキシ基、
(c) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(d) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基、
(e) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシを有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基、および
(f) オキソ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい4ないし12員(好ましくは4ないし7員)の非芳香族複素環基;
(10)(a) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(b)(i) ハロゲン原子、
(ii) ヒドロキシ基、および
(iii) C6-10アリール基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基、
(c)(i) ハロゲン原子、および
(ii) C6-10アリール基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ-カルボニル基、
(d)(i) ハロゲン原子、および
(ii) C6-10アリール基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキルスルホニル基(例、メチルスルホニル)、
(e) C6-10アリールスルホニル基(例、フェニルスルホニル)、
(f) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基を1または2個有していてもよいカルバモイル基、
(g)(i) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(ii) ヒドロキシ基、
(iii) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基、および
(iv) ハロゲン原子
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい5ないし12員(好ましくは5または6員)の芳香族複素環基、および
(h)(i) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(ii) ヒドロキシ基、
(iii) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基、
(iv) ハロゲン原子、および
(v) オキソ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい4ないし12員(好ましくは4ないし7員)の非芳香族複素環基
から選ばれる置換基を1または2個有していてもよいアミノ基;
(11) イミノ基;
(12) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基;
(13)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) C1-6アルコキシ基、
(c) C6-10アリール基、
(d)(i) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(ii) ヒドロキシ基、
(iii) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基、および
(iv) ハロゲン原子
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい5ないし12員(好ましくは5または6員)の芳香族複素環基、および
(e)(i) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(ii) ヒドロキシ基、
(iii) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基、
(iv) ハロゲン原子、および
(v) オキソ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい4ないし12員(好ましくは4ないし7員)の非芳香族複素環基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ-カルボニル基;
(14)(a) ハロゲン原子、および
(b) C1-6アルコキシ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキルスルホニル基(例、メチルスルホニル、エチルスルホニル、イソプロピルスルホニル);
(15) C6-10アリールスルホニル基(例、フェニルスルホニル);
(16)(a) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、および
(b) C6-10アリール基
から選ばれる1または2個の置換基を有していてもよいカルバモイル基;
(17) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基を1または2個有していてもよいチオカルバモイル基;
(18) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基を1または2個有していてもよいスルファモイル基;
(19)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) カルボキシ基、
(c) C1-6アルコキシ基、
(d) 1ないし3個のC6-10アリール基を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ-カルボニル基、
(e) C1-6アルキル基およびC1-6アルコキシ-カルボニル基から選ばれる置換基を1または2個有していてもよいアミノ基、
(f) C3-8シクロアルキル基、
(g)(i) ハロゲン原子、
(ii) ヒドロキシ基、
(iii) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、および
(iv) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい5ないし12員(好ましくは5または6員)の芳香族複素環基、および
(h)(i) ハロゲン原子、
(ii) ヒドロキシ基、
(iii) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(iv) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基、および
(v) オキソ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい4ないし12員(好ましくは4ないし7員)の非芳香族複素環基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基;
(20) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC2-6アルケニルオキシ基(例、エテニルオキシ);
(21)(a) ハロゲン原子、および
(b) C1-6アルコキシ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキルオキシ基(例、シクロプロポキシ、シクロペンチルオキシ);
(22) C6-10アリールオキシ基(例、フェニルオキシ、ナフチルオキシ);
(23) C7-13アラルキルオキシ基(例、ベンジルオキシ);
(24) C1-6アルキル-カルボニルオキシ基(例、アセチルオキシ、tert-ブチルカルボニルオキシ);
(25)(a) ハロゲン原子、および
(b) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール-カルボニル基;
(26) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい5ないし12員(好ましくは5または6員)の芳香族複素環-カルボニル基(例、チエニルカルボニル、ピラゾリルカルボニル、ピラジニルカルボニル、イソキサゾリルカルボニル、ピリジルカルボニル、チアゾリルカルボニル);
(27) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい4ないし12員(好ましくは4ないし7員)の非芳香族複素環-カルボニル基(例、ピロリジニルカルボニル、モルホリニルカルボニル);
(28) C3-8シクロアルキル-カルボニル基;
(29) C7-13アラルキルオキシ-カルボニル基(例、ベンジルオキシカルボニル);
(30) メルカプト基;
(31)(a) ハロゲン原子、および
(b) C1-6アルコキシ-カルボニル基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキルチオ基(例、メチルチオ、エチルチオ);
(32) C7-13アラルキルチオ基(例、ベンジルチオ);
(33) C6-10アリールチオ基(例、フェニルチオ、ナフチルチオ);
(34) C1-3アルキレンオキシ基(例、メチレンオキシ、エチレンオキシ);および
(35) C1-3アルキレンジオキシ基(例、メチレンジオキシ、エチレンジオキシ)。
(1) 前記置換基A群から選択される置換基;
(2)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) ヒドロキシ基、
(c) カルボキシ基、
(d) C1-6アルコキシ基、
(e) C1-6アルコキシ-カルボニル基、
(f) C1-6アルキル基を1または2個有していてもよいアミノ基、および
(g) C6-10アリール-カルボニル基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基;
(3)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) ヒドロキシ基、
(c) カルボキシ基、
(d) C1-6アルコキシ基、
(e) C1-6アルコキシ-カルボニル基、および
(f) C1-6アルキル基を1または2個有していてもよいアミノ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルケニル基;および
(4)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) ヒドロキシ基、
(c) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、および
(d) C1-6アルコキシ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC7-13アラルキル基。
(1) 前記置換基A群から選択される置換基;
(2)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) ヒドロキシ基、
(c) カルボキシ基、
(d) C1-6アルコキシ基、
(e) C1-6アルコキシ-カルボニル基、
(f) C1-6アルキル基を1または2個有していてもよいアミノ基、および
(g) C6-10アリール-カルボニル基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基;
(3)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) ヒドロキシ基、
(c) カルボキシ基、
(d) C1-6アルコキシ基、
(e) C1-6アルコキシ-カルボニル基、および
(f) C1-6アルキル基を1または2個有していてもよいアミノ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルケニル基;
(4)(a) ハロゲン原子、
(b) ヒドロキシ基、
(c) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、および
(d) C1-6アルコキシ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC7-13アラルキル基;および
(5) オキソ基。
(1)置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基;
(2)置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルケニル基;
(3)置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルキニル基;
(4)置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基;
(5)置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基;
(6)置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基;
(7)置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基;
(8)置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール-カルボニル基;
(9)置換基を有していてもよい複素環基;
(10)置換基を有していてもよい複素環-カルボニル基;
等から選ばれる1または2個の置換基をそれぞれ有していてもよい「アミノ基」を示す。
また、「置換基を有していてもよいアミノ基」がそれぞれ2個の置換基を有するアミノ基である場合、これらの置換基は、隣接する窒素原子とともに、含窒素複素環を形成していてもよい。このような含窒素複素環の具体例としては、5ないし7員の含窒素複素環が挙げられる。該含窒素複素環は、さらに置換基を有していてもよい。このような置換基としては、例えば、前記置換基C群から選ばれる置換基が挙げられる。置換基の数は、置換可能な数であれば特に限定されないが、好ましくは1ないし5個、より好ましくは1ないし3個である。複数の置換基が存在する場合、各置換基は、同一でも異なっていてもよい。
(1)置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基;
(2)置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルケニル基;
(3)置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルキニル基;
(4)置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基;
(5)置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基;
(6)置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基;
(7)置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基;
(8)置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール-カルボニル基;
(9)置換基を有していてもよい複素環基;
(10)置換基を有していてもよい複素環-カルボニル基;
等から選ばれる1または2個の置換基をそれぞれ有していてもよい「カルバモイル基」を示す。
また、「置換基を有していてもよいカルバモイル基」がそれぞれ2個の置換基を有するカルバモイル基である場合、これらの置換基は、隣接する窒素原子とともに、含窒素複素環を形成していてもよい。このような含窒素複素環の具体例としては、5ないし7員の含窒素複素環が挙げられる。該含窒素複素環は、さらに置換基を有していてもよい。このような置換基としては、例えば、前記置換基C群から選ばれる置換基が挙げられる。置換基の数は、置換可能な数であれば特に限定されないが、好ましくは1ないし5個、より好ましくは1ないし3個である。複数の置換基が存在する場合、各置換基は、同一でも異なっていてもよい。
(1)置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基;
(2)置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルケニル基;
(3)置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルキニル基;
(4)置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基;
(5)置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基;
(6)置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基;
(7)置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール-カルボニル基;
(8)置換基を有していてもよい複素環基;
(9)置換基を有していてもよい複素環-カルボニル基;
等から選ばれる置換基で置換されていてもよいヒドロキシ基が挙げられる。
(1)置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基;
(2)置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルケニル基;
(3)置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルキニル基;
(4)置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基;
(5)置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基;
(6)置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基;
(7)置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基;
(8)置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール-カルボニル基;
(9)置換基を有していてもよい複素環基;
(10)置換基を有していてもよい複素環-カルボニル基;
等から選ばれる置換基で置換されていてもよいメルカプト基が挙げられる。
XCは、好ましくはNRC1または硫黄原子であり、より好ましくはNRC1である。ここで、RC1は、好ましくはC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル)であり、より好ましくはメチルである。
RC2は、好ましくは、
(1) 置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(2) 置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルキニル基、
(3) 置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基、
(4) 置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基、および
(5) 置換基を有していてもよい複素環基
から選ばれる1または2個の置換基をそれぞれ有していてもよいカルバモイル基である。
(1)(a) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、および
(b) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基(例、アセチル)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい4ないし12員(好ましくは4ないし7員)の非芳香族複素環基(例、ピペリジル、テトラヒドロピラニル、テトラヒドロチオピラニル、1-オキシドテトラヒドロチオピラニル、1,1-ジオキシドテトラヒドロチオピラニル);
(2) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基(例、シクロヘキシル);および
(3)(a) 1ないし3個のC1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ)を有していてもよいC1-6アルキルスルホニル基(例、エチルスルホニル)、および
(b) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基(例、アセチル)を1個有するアミノ基
から選ばれる置換基を1個有するC1-6アルキル基(例、エチル、プロピル)
から選ばれる置換基を1個有するカルバモイル基である。
(1)(a) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(b) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基(例、アセチル)、および
(c) オキソ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい4ないし12員(好ましくは4ないし7員)の非芳香族複素環基(例、モルホリニル、ピペリジル、アゼパニル);
(2)(a) ヒドロキシ基、
(b) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル)、
(c) カルバモイル基、
(d) シアノ基、
(e) C2-6アルキニル基(例、エチニル)、および
(f) 5ないし12員(好ましくは5または6員)の芳香族複素環基(例、チエニル)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基(例、シクロプロピル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル);
(3)(a) 1ないし3個のC1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ)を有していてもよいC1-6アルキルスルホニル基(例、エチルスルホニル)、
(b) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基(例、アセチル)を1個有するアミノ基、
(c) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル、エチル)を1または2個有するアミノ基、
(d) 1ないし3個のC1-6アルキルスルホニル基(例、メチルスルホニル)を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基(例、フェニル)、
(e) 1ないし3個のオキソ基を有していてもよい4ないし12員(好ましくは4ないし7員)の非芳香族複素環基(例、ピロリジニル、テトラヒドロフリル)、
(f) 5ないし12員(好ましくは5または6員)の芳香族複素環基(例、フリル)、
(g) ヒドロキシ基、および
(h) C1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ)
から選ばれる置換基を1個有するC1-6アルキル基(例、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、sec-ブチル、tert-ブチル);
(4) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子、塩素原子)を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基(例、フェニル);
(5) 5ないし12員(好ましくは5または6員)の芳香族複素環基(例、ピリジル);および
(6) C2-6アルキニル基(例、2-プロピニル)
から選ばれる置換基を1または2個有するカルバモイル基である。
RC3は、好ましくは、ハロゲン化されていてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基であり、より好ましくは1ないし3個のハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子)を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基(例、エトキシ、イソプロポキシ)である。
RC5は、好ましくは、
(1) 置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基、または
(2) 置換基を有していてもよい複素環基
である。
RC5は、より好ましくは、
(1)(a) ハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子、塩素原子)、
(b) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子)を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル、エチル)、および
(c) C1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ、イソプロポキシ)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基(例、フェニル、ナフチル);または
(2)(a) ハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子)、
(b) C1-6アルキル基(例、メチル)、および
(c) C1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい5または6員の単環式芳香族複素環基(例、ピリジル)
である。
RC5は、よりさらに好ましくは、
(1)(a) ハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子、塩素原子)、
(b) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子)を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル、エチル)、および
(c) C1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ、イソプロポキシ)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいフェニルである。
RC6は、好ましくは、C1-6アルキル基(例、メチル、エチル)である。
RC7は、好ましくは水素原子である。
化合物(CI-1)
式(CI)において、
XCが、NRC1(RC1が、水素原子またはC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル)である)、硫黄原子または酸素原子であり(好ましくは、XCがNRC1であり、RC1がメチルである);
RC2が、
(1) 置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(2) 置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルキニル基、
(3) 置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基、
(4) 置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基、および
(5) 置換基を有していてもよい複素環基
から選ばれる1または2個の置換基をそれぞれ有していてもよいカルバモイル基であり;
RC3が、ハロゲン化されていてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基であり;
RC5が、
(1) 置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基、または
(2) 置換基を有していてもよい複素環基
であり;
RC6が、C1-6アルキル基であり;かつ
RC7が、水素原子である;
化合物またはその塩。
式(CI)において、
XCが、NRC1、硫黄原子または酸素原子であり(好ましくは、NRC1または硫黄原子であり);
RC1が、水素原子またはC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル)であり(好ましくは、C1-6アルキル基(例、メチル)であり);
RC2が、
(1)(a) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、および
(b) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基(例、アセチル)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい4ないし12員(好ましくは4ないし7員)の非芳香族複素環基(例、ピペリジル、テトラヒドロピラニル、テトラヒドロチオピラニル、1-オキシドテトラヒドロチオピラニル、1,1-ジオキシドテトラヒドロチオピラニル);
(2) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基(例、シクロヘキシル);および
(3)(a) 1ないし3個のC1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ)を有していてもよいC1-6アルキルスルホニル基(例、エチルスルホニル)、および
(b) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基(例、アセチル)を1個有するアミノ基
から選ばれる置換基を1個有するC1-6アルキル基(例、エチル、プロピル)
から選ばれる置換基を1個有するカルバモイル基であり;
RC3が、1ないし3個のハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子)を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基(例、エトキシ、イソプロポキシ)であり;
RC5が、
(1)(a) ハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子、塩素原子)、
(b) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子)を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル、エチル)、および
(c) C1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ、イソプロポキシ)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基(例、フェニル、ナフチル);または
(2)(a) ハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子)、
(b) C1-6アルキル基(例、メチル)、および
(c) C1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい5または6員の単環式芳香族複素環基(例、ピリジル)
であり;
RC6が、C1-6アルキル基(例、メチル、エチル)であり;かつ
RC7が、水素原子である;
化合物またはその塩。
式(CI)において、
XCが、NRC1(RC1がメチルである)であり;
RC2が、
(1)(a) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(b) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基(例、アセチル)、および
(c) オキソ基
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい4ないし12員(好ましくは4ないし7員)の非芳香族複素環基(例、モルホリニル、ピペリジル、アゼパニル);
(2)(a) ヒドロキシ基、
(b) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル)、
(c) カルバモイル基、
(d) シアノ基、
(e) C2-6アルキニル基(例、エチニル)、および
(f) 5ないし12員(好ましくは5または6員)の芳香族複素環基(例、チエニル)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基(例、シクロプロピル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル);
(3)(a) 1ないし3個のC1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ)を有していてもよいC1-6アルキルスルホニル基(例、エチルスルホニル)、
(b) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル-カルボニル基(例、アセチル)を1個有するアミノ基、
(c) 1ないし3個のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル、エチル)を1または2個有するアミノ基、
(d) 1ないし3個のC1-6アルキルスルホニル基(例、メチルスルホニル)を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基(例、フェニル)、
(e) 1ないし3個のオキソ基を有していてもよい4ないし12員(好ましくは4ないし7員)の非芳香族複素環基(例、ピロリジニル、テトラヒドロフリル)、
(f) 5ないし12員(好ましくは5または6員)の芳香族複素環基(例、フリル)、
(g) ヒドロキシ基、および
(h) C1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ)
から選ばれる置換基を1個有するC1-6アルキル基(例、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、sec-ブチル、tert-ブチル);
(4) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子、塩素原子)を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基(例、フェニル);
(5) 5ないし12員(好ましくは5または6員)の芳香族複素環基(例、ピリジル);および
(6) C2-6アルキニル基(例、2-プロピニル)
から選ばれる置換基を1または2個有するカルバモイル基であり;
RC3が、1ないし3個のハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子)を有していてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基(例、エトキシ、イソプロポキシ)であり;
RC5が、
(1)(a) ハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子、塩素原子)、
(b) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子)を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル、エチル)、および
(c) C1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ、イソプロポキシ)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基(例、フェニル、ナフチル);または
(2)(a) ハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子)、
(b) C1-6アルキル基(例、メチル)、および
(c) C1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよい5または6員の単環式芳香族複素環基(例、ピリジル)
であり(好ましくは、
(1)(a) ハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子、塩素原子)、
(b) 1ないし3個のハロゲン原子(例、フッ素原子)を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基(例、メチル、エチル)、および
(c) C1-6アルコキシ基(例、メトキシ、イソプロポキシ)
から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基を有していてもよいフェニルである);
RC6が、C1-6アルキル基(例、メチル、エチル)であり;かつ
RC7が、水素原子である;
化合物またはその塩。
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミド;
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミド;もしくは
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミド;
またはその塩。
このうち、薬学的に許容し得る塩が好ましい。例えば、化合物内に酸性官能基を有する場合には、アルカリ金属塩(例、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩)、アルカリ土類金属塩(例、カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩)等の無機塩、アンモニウム塩等、また、化合物内に塩基性官能基を有する場合には、例えば、塩酸、臭化水素酸、硝酸、硫酸、リン酸等の無機酸との塩、または酢酸、フタル酸、フマル酸、シュウ酸、酒石酸、マレイン酸、クエン酸、コハク酸、メタンスルホン酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、p-トルエンスルホン酸等の有機酸との塩が挙げられる。
以下の各製造法において、アルキル化反応、アミド化反応(縮合反応)、エステル化反応、還元反応、還元的アミノ化反応、アミノ化反応、ハロゲン化反応、酸化反応などを行う場合、これらの反応は、自体公知の方法に従って行われる。このような方法としては、例えば、Organic Functional Group Preparations 第2版,Academic Press, Inc. 1989年刊、Comprehensive Organic Transformations,VCH Publishers Inc.,1989年刊等に記載の方法などが挙げられる。
また、各工程で得られた化合物は、反応液のままあるいは粗製物として次の反応に用いることもできるが、常法(例えば、再結晶、蒸留、クロマトグラフィーなどの分離手段)に従って反応混合物から単離してもよい。
アミノ基の保護基としては、例えば、ホルミル基、C1-6アルキル-カルボニル基、C1-6アルコキシ-カルボニル基、ベンゾイル基、C7-10アラルキル-カルボニル基(例、ベンジルカルボニル)、C7-14アラルキルオキシ-カルボニル基(例、ベンジルオキシカルボニル、9-フルオレニルメトキシカルボニル)、トリチル基、フタロイル基、N,N-ジメチルアミノメチレン基、置換シリル基(例、トリメチルシリル、トリエチルシリル、ジメチルフェニルシリル、tert-ブチルジメチルシリル、tert-ブチルジエチルシリル)、C2-6アルケニル基(例、1-アリル)などが挙げられる。これらの基は、ハロゲン原子、C1-6アルコキシ基およびニトロ基から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基で置換されていてもよい。
カルボキシ基の保護基としては、例えば、C1-6アルキル基、C7-11アラルキル基(例、ベンジル)、フェニル基、トリチル基、置換シリル基(例、トリメチルシリル、トリエチルシリル、ジメチルフェニルシリル、tert-ブチルジメチルシリル、tert-ブチルジエチルシリル)、C2-6アルケニル基(例、1-アリル)等が挙げられる。
ヒドロキシ基の保護基としては、例えば、C1-6アルキル基、フェニル基、トリチル基、C7-10アラルキル基(例、ベンジル)、ホルミル基、C1-6アルキル-カルボニル基、ベンゾイル基、C7-10アラルキル-カルボニル基(例、ベンジルカルボニル)、2-テトラヒドロピラニル基、2-テトラヒドロフラニル基、置換シリル基(例、トリメチルシリル、トリエチルシリル、ジメチルフェニルシリル、tert-ブチルジメチルシリル、tert-ブチルジエチルシリル)、C2-6アルケニル基(例、1-アリル)などが挙げられる。これらの基は、ハロゲン原子、C1-6アルキル基、C1-6アルコキシ基およびニトロ基から選ばれる1ないし3個の置換基で置換されていてもよい。
「アルコール類」としては、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、1-プロパノール、2-プロパノール、tert-ブチルアルコールなどが用いられる。
「エーテル類」としては、例えば、ジエチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル、ジフェニルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、1,4-ジオキサン、1,2-ジメトキシエタンなどが用いられる。
「エステル類」としては、例えば、酢酸エチル、酢酸メチル、酢酸tert-ブチルなどが用いられる。
「炭化水素類」としては、例えば、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、シクロヘキサン、ヘキサン、ペンタンなどが用いられる。
「アミド類」としては、例えば、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、ヘキサメチルりん酸トリアミドなどが用いられる。
「ハロゲン化炭化水素類」としては、例えば、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素、1,2-ジクロロエタン、テトラクロロエチレン、クロロベンゼンなどが用いられる。
「ニトリル類」としては、例えば、アセトニトリル、プロピオニトリルなどが用いられる。
「ケトン類」としては、例えば、アセトン、2-ブタノンなどが用いられる。
「有機酸類」としては、例えば、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、メタンスルホン酸などが用いられる。
「芳香族アミン類」としては、例えば、ピリジン、2,6-ルチジン、キノリンなどが用いられる。
「スルホキシド類」としては、例えば、ジメチルスルホキシドなどが用いられる。
〔CA法〕
化合物(CIII)を加水分解し、得られた化合物(CII)をアミンと縮合することで化合物(CI)を製造する。
RC8は、好ましくはエチルである。
特にRC8がベンジルの場合は、反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒中、接触水素化反応を用いることもできる。
酸としては、例えば、塩酸、硫酸などが用いられる。
塩基としては、例えば、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化リチウムなどが用いられる。
酸または塩基の使用量は、化合物(CIII)1モルに対し、通常1~20モル、好ましくは1~10モルである。
接触水素化反応の触媒としては、例えば、ラネーニッケル;酸化白金;活性炭、硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウムなどに担持されたパラジウム、ルテニウム、ロジウムまたはイリジウム;などが用いられる。
触媒の使用量は、化合物(CIII)1モルに対し、通常0.01~1モル、好ましくは0.05~0.5モルである。
水素源としては、例えば、水素、シクロヘキセン、ヒドラジン、ぎ酸アンモニウムなどが用いられる。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、アルコール類、炭化水素類、ケトン類、ニトリル類、アミド類、エステル類、有機酸類、水などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはアルコール類、エーテル類、水である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常0~100℃、好ましくは20~60℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5~100時間、好ましくは1~48時間である。
縮合剤としては、例えば、カルボジイミド(例、ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド(DCCD)、水溶性カルボジイミド(WSCD))、リン酸エステル(例、シアノホスホン酸ジエチル、クロロホスホン酸ジエチル、ジフェニルホスホロアジド)、BOP試薬(例、1H-ベンゾトリアゾール-1-イルオキシトリピロリジノホスホニウム ヘキサフルオロホスフェート(PyBOP))、O-(7-アザベンゾトリアゾール-1-イル)N,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルウロニウム ヘキサフルオロホスフェート(HATU)、2-エトキシ-1-エトキシカルボニル-1,2-ジヒドロキノリン(EEDQ)、カルボニルジイミダゾールなどが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくは、WSCD、HATUである。
RC2に対応するアミンの使用量は、化合物(CII)1モルに対し、通常1~10モル、好ましくは1~2モルである。
縮合剤の使用量は、化合物(CII)1モルに対し、通常1~10モル、好ましくは1~2モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、ケトン類、ニトリル類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはエーテル類、アミド類である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常0~100℃、好ましくは20~60℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5~100時間、好ましくは1~48時間である。
RC2に対応するアミンは、市販のものを使用するか、または自体公知の方法を適用して対応する原料化合物から製造することができる。
〔CB法〕
QC1で示される「脱離基」としては、例えば、ハロゲン原子、1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいC1-6アルキルスルホニルオキシ基(例、メチルスルホニルオキシ、エチルスルホニルオキシ、トリフルオロメチルスルホニルオキシ)、1ないし3個のC1-6アルキル基で置換されていてもよいC6-10アリールスルホニルオキシ基(例、ベンゼンスルホニルオキシ、4-トルエンスルホニルオキシ)、メチルメルカプト基、メタンスルホニル基などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはハロゲン原子である。
ハロゲン化試薬としては、例えば、塩化チオニル、塩化ホスホリル、五塩化リン、三臭化リンなどを用いられる。
ハロゲン化試薬の使用量は、化合物(CVIII)1モルに対し、通常1ないし20モル、好ましくは2ないし10モルである。
塩基としては、例えば、トリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、ピリジン、4-ジメチルアミノピリジンなどが用いられる。
塩基の使用量は、化合物(CVIII)1モルに対し、通常1ないし20モル、好ましくは2ないし10モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アルコール類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられる。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。本反応は、無溶媒で反応させるのが好ましい。
反応温度は、通常0ないし130℃、好ましくは20ないし130℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5ないし100時間、好ましくは1ないし48時間である。
スルホニル化試薬としては、例えば、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸無水物、1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいメタンスルホニルハライド、1ないし3個のC1-6アルキル基を有していてもよいベンゼンスルホニルハライドなどを用いることができる。
スルホニル化試薬の使用量は、化合物(CVIII)1モルに対し、通常1ないし2モル、好ましくは1ないし1.5モルである。
塩基としては、例えば、トリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、ピリジン、4-ジメチルアミノピリジンなどが用いられる。
塩基の使用量は、化合物(CVIII)1モルに対し、通常2ないし5モル、好ましくは2ないし3モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アルコール類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはエーテル類、アミド類である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常-10ないし100℃、好ましくは0ないし60℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5ないし100時間、好ましくは1ないし48時間である。
化合物(C1)の使用量は、化合物(CVII)1モルに対し、通常1~20モル、好ましくは1~10モルである。
塩基としては、例えば、水素化ナトリウム、ナトリウムメトキシド、ナトリウムエトキシド、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、トリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、ピリジン、4-ジメチルアミノピリジンなどが用いられる。
塩基の使用量は、化合物(CVII)1モルに対し、通常2~20モル、好ましくは2~15モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アルコール類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはエーテル類、アミド類である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常0~100℃、好ましくは20~90℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5~100時間、好ましくは1~48時間である。
化合物(C1)は、自体公知の方法に従って合成するか、または市販のものをそのまま使用することができる。
塩基としては、例えば、ナトリウムメトキシド、ナトリウムエトキシド、水酸化ナトリウム、トリエチルアミンなどが用いられる。
塩基の使用量は、化合物(CVI)1モルに対し、通常2~5モル、好ましくは2~3モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アルコール類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはエーテル類、アミド類である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常0~100℃、好ましくは20~90℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5~100時間、好ましくは1~48時間である。
化合物(CV)は、化合物(CVI)を単離することなく、化合物(CVII)から直接得ることもできる。
上記のハロゲン化物、硫酸エステル、スルホン酸エステル等は、市販のものを使用するか、または自体公知の方法を適用して対応する原料化合物から製造することができる。
上記のハロゲン化物、硫酸エステル、スルホン酸エステル等の使用量は、化合物(CV)1モルに対し、通常1ないし3モル、好ましくは1ないし2モルである。
塩基としては、例えば、ナトリウムメトキシド、ナトリウムエトキシト、炭酸セシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、トリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、ピリジン、4-ジメチルアミノピリジン、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン(DBU)などが用いられる。
塩基の使用量は、化合物(CV)1モルに対し、通常2ないし5モル、好ましくは2ないし3モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アルコール類、ケトン類、ニトリル類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはエーテル類、アミド類、ケトン類である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常0ないし100℃、好ましくは20ないし90℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5ないし100時間、好ましくは1ないし48時間である。
具体的には、化合物(CIV)と、RC5に対応するハロゲン化物、ボロン酸またはボロン酸エステルと、銅化合物(例、銅粉末、ヨウ化銅(I)、塩化銅(I)、酸化銅、酢酸銅(II)など)と、塩基(例、炭酸カリウム、リン酸カリウム、トリエチルアミン、ピリジン)とを反応させる。
あるいは、化合物(CIV)と、RC5に対応するハロゲン化物と、パラジウム化合物(例、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0)、酢酸パラジウム(II))と、配位子(例、9,9-ジメチル-4,5-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)キサンテン)と、塩基(例、炭酸セシウム、ナトリウムt-ブトキシド)とを反応させる。
RC5に対応するハロゲン化物、ボロン酸またはボロン酸エステルの使用量は、化合物(CIV)1モルに対し、通常1~5モル、好ましくは1~3モルである。
銅化合物の使用量は、化合物(CIV)1モルに対し、通常0.01~1モル、好ましくは0.1~0.5モルである。
パラジウム化合物の使用量は、化合物(CIV)1モルに対し、通常0.01~1モル、好ましくは0.1~0.5モルである。
配位子の使用量は、化合物(CIV)1モルに対し、通常0.01~1モル、好ましくは0.1~0.5モルである。
塩基の使用量は、化合物(CIV)1モルに対し、通常1~5モル、好ましくは1~3モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アルコール類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはエーテル類、アミド類である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常0~100℃、好ましくは20~90℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5~100時間、好ましくは1~48時間である。
化合物(CVIII)は、自体公知の方法(例えば、ジャーナル オブ オルガニックケミストリー、46巻、3040-3048頁、1981年に記載の方法)に従って合成することができる。
〔CC法〕
縮合剤としては〔CA法〕で示したものを使用できる。
縮合剤の使用量は、化合物(CX)1モルに対し、通常1~10モル、好ましくは1~2モルである。
RC9に対応するマロン酸モノエステルの使用量は、化合物(CX)1モルに対し、通常1~10モル、好ましくは1~2モルである。
RC9に対応する酸ハロゲン化物の使用量は、化合物(CX)1モルに対し、通常1~10モル、好ましくは1~2モルである。
塩基としては、トリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、ピリジン、4-ジメチルアミノピリジンなどが用いられる。
塩基の使用量は、化合物(CX)1モルに対し、通常1~10モル、好ましくは1~2モルである。
反応に影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはエーテル類、アミド類である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常0~100℃、好ましくは0~50℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5~100時間、好ましくは1~48時間である。
RC9に対応するマロン酸モノエステルは、市販のものを使用するか、または自体公知の方法を適用して対応する原料化合物から製造することができる。
また、RC9に対応する酸ハロゲン化物も、市販のものを使用するか、または自体公知の方法を適用して対応する原料化合物から製造することができる。
塩基としては、例えば、ナトリウムメトキシド、ナトリウムエトキシト、炭酸セシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン(DBU)などが用いられる。
塩基の使用量は、化合物(CIX)1モルに対し、通常1ないし5モル、好ましくは1ないし3モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アルコール類、ケトン類、ニトリル類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはエーテル類、アルコール類、アミド類である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常0ないし100℃、好ましくは20ないし90℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5ないし100時間、好ましくは1ないし48時間である。
酸化剤としては、例えば、硝酸二アンモニウムセリウム(CAN)、2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノ-1,4-ベンゾキノン(DDQ)、臭素などが用いられる。
酸化剤の使用量は、化合物(CVIIIa-2)1モルに対し、通常1ないし5モル、好ましくは1ないし3モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アルコール類、ケトン類、ニトリル類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくは炭化水素類、ニトリル類、アミド類である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常0ないし120℃、好ましくは20ないし100℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5ないし100時間、好ましくは1ないし48時間である。
化合物(CVIIa)から化合物(CVa)への反応は、〔CB法〕の化合物(CVII)から化合物(CV)への反応に準じて行うことができる。
化合物(CVa)から化合物(CIII)への反応は、〔CB法〕の化合物(CV)から化合物(CIV)への反応に準じて行うことができる。
〔CD法〕
化合物(CVII-2)から化合物(CV-2)への反応は、〔CB法〕の化合物(CVII)から化合物(CV)への反応に準じて行うことができる。
化合物(CV-2)から化合物(CIV-2)への反応は、〔CB法〕の化合物(CV)から化合物(CIV)への反応に準じて行うことができる。
化合物(C2)の使用量は、化合物(CIV-2)1モルに対し、通常1ないし30モル、好ましくは1ないし20モルである。
酸としては、例えば、パラトルエンスルホン酸、酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸などが用いられる。
酸の使用量は、化合物(CIV-2)1モルに対し、通常1ないし40モル、好ましくは1ないし30モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アルコール類、ケトン類、ニトリル類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくは炭化水素類、ニトリル類、アミド類である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常0ないし200℃、好ましくは20ないし160℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5ないし100時間、好ましくは1ないし48時間である。
化合物(C2)は、市販のものをそのまま使用するか、または自体公知の方法(例えば、Organic Functional Group Preparations 第2版,Academic Press, Inc. 1989年刊、Comprehensive Organic Transformations,VCH Publishers Inc.,1989年刊等に記載の方法)に従って合成することができる。
〔CE法〕
QC2で示される「脱離基」としては、QC1で示される「脱離基」と同様のものが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはハロゲン原子である。
ハロゲン化試薬としては、例えば、塩化チオニル、塩化ホスホリル、五塩化リン、三臭化リンなどを用いることができる。
ハロゲン化試薬の使用量は、化合物(CVIII)1モルに対し、通常2ないし40モル、好ましくは3ないし20モルである。
塩基としては、例えば、トリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、ピリジン、4-ジメチルアミノピリジンなどが用いられる。
塩基の使用量は、化合物(CVIII)1モルに対し、通常1ないし40モル、好ましくは2ないし20モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アルコール類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられる。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。本反応は、無溶媒で反応させるのが好ましい。
反応温度は、通常0ないし130℃、好ましくは20ないし130℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5ないし100時間、好ましくは1ないし48時間である。
スルホニル化試薬としては、例えば、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸無水物、1ないし3個のハロゲン原子を有していてもよいメタンスルホニルハライド、1ないし3個のC1-6アルキル基を有していてもよいベンゼンスルホニルハライドなどを用いることができる。
スルホニル化試薬の使用量は、化合物(CVIII)1モルに対し、通常2ないし40モル、好ましくは3ないし20モルである。
塩基としては、例えば、トリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、ピリジン、4-ジメチルアミノピリジンなどが用いられる。
塩基の使用量は、化合物(CVIII)1モルに対し、通常2ないし5モル、好ましくは2ないし3モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、炭化水素類、アルコール類、アミド類、エステル類などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくはエーテル類、アミド類である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常-10ないし100℃、好ましくは0ないし60℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5ないし100時間、好ましくは1ないし48時間である。
化合物(CVIb)から化合物(CVb)への反応は、〔CB法〕の化合物(CVI)から化合物(CV)への反応に準じて行うことができる。
化合物(CVb)から化合物(CIVb)への反応は、〔CB法〕の化合物(CV)から化合物(CIV)への反応に準じて行うことができる。
加水分解反応は、酸または塩基の存在下で行うことができるが、なかでも酸を用いるのが好ましい。
酸としては、例えば、塩酸、硫酸などが用いられる。
塩基としては、例えば、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化リチウムなどが用いられる。
酸または塩基の使用量は、化合物(CIVb)1モルに対し、通常1~20モル、好ましくは1~10モルである。
また、例えば、酢酸中に酢酸ナトリウムを用いるような、有機酸塩と有機酸を組み合わせて加水分解を行うこともできる。
有機酸塩の使用量は、化合物(CIVb)1モルに対し、通常1~20モル、好ましくは1~10モルである。
反応に悪影響を及ぼさない溶媒としては、例えば、エーテル類、アルコール類、炭化水素類、ケトン類、ニトリル類、アミド類、エステル類、有機酸類、水などが挙げられ、なかでも好ましくは有機酸類、アルコール類、エーテル類、水である。上記溶媒は2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
反応温度は、通常0~130℃、好ましくは20~100℃である。
反応時間は、通常0.5~100時間、好ましくは1~48時間である。
化合物(CI)は、共結晶であってもよい。
化合物(CI)は、水和物であっても、非水和物であっても、溶媒和物であっても、無溶媒和物であってもよい。
同位元素(例、2H、3H、14C、35S、125I)等で標識された化合物も、化合物(CI)に包含される。
さらに、化合物(CI)は、重水素変換体であってもよい。
Hedgehogシグナル伝達系の阻害は、例えば、下記の試験例1に準じて、Gli結合部位の下流に連結したレポーター遺伝子の発現量の減少を蛍光強度で定量することで測定できる。あるいは、定量的PCR法等で細胞抽出液のGli-1 mRNAの発現を定量することで測定できる。Hedgehogシグナルを阻害する化合物がSmoを標的としていることは、例えば、蛍光標識したCyclopamineと試験化合物を、Smoを発現する細胞に結合させた後、細胞の蛍光量を測定し、その値が試験化合物を添加しない場合と比較して減少していることで確認できる。
なかでも、脳腫瘍、皮膚癌、肺癌、膵癌、胆管癌、前立腺癌、食道癌、胃癌、大腸癌、肉腫および乳癌に対して有効である。
特に本発明化合物は、神経膠腫、髄芽細胞腫、基底細胞腫、小細胞肺癌、膵癌、胆管癌、前立腺癌、食道癌、胃癌、大腸癌、横紋筋肉腫および乳癌に有効である。
本発明化合物を経口投与する場合の剤形としては、例えば、錠剤(糖衣錠、フィルムコーティング錠を含む)、丸剤、顆粒剤、散剤、カプセル剤(ソフトカプセル剤、マイクロカプセル剤を含む)、シロップ剤、乳剤、懸濁剤等が挙げられ、また、非経口投与する場合の剤形としては、例えば、注射剤、注入剤、点滴剤、坐剤等が挙げられる。また、適当な基剤(例、酪酸の重合体、グリコール酸の重合体、酪酸-グリコール酸の共重合体、酪酸の重合体とグリコール酸の重合体との混合物、ポリグリセロール脂肪酸エステル)と組み合わせ徐放性製剤とすることも有効である。
結合剤の例としては、5ないし10重量%デンプンのり液、10ないし20重量%アラビアゴム液またはゼラチン液、1ないし5重量%トラガント液、カルボキシメチルセルロース液、アルギン酸ナトリウム液、グリセリン等が挙げられる。
崩壊剤の例としては、でんぷん、炭酸カルシウム等が挙げられる。
滑沢剤の例としては、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸、ステアリン酸カルシウム、精製タルク等が挙げられる。
甘味剤の例としては、ブドウ糖、果糖、転化糖、ソルビトール、キシリトール、グリセリン、単シロップ等が挙げられる。
界面活性剤の例としては、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、ポリソルベート80、ソルビタンモノ脂肪酸エステル、ステアリン酸ポリオキシル40等が挙げられる。
懸濁化剤の例としては、アラビアゴム、アルギン酸ナトリウム、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、メチルセルロース、ベントナイト等が挙げられる。
乳化剤の例としては、アラビアゴム、トラガント、ゼラチン、ポリソルベート80等が挙げられる。
(1)本発明化合物または併用薬物を単独で投与する場合に比べて、その投与量を軽減することができる、
(2)患者の症状(軽症、重症等)に応じて、本発明化合物と併用する薬物を選択することができる、
(3)治療期間を長く設定することができる、
(4)治療効果の持続を図ることができる、
(5)本発明化合物と併用薬物とを併用することにより、相乗効果が得られる、等の優れた効果を得ることができる。
本発明の併用剤の使用に際しては、本発明化合物と併用薬物の投与時期は限定されず、本発明化合物と併用薬物とを、投与対象に対し、同時に投与してもよいし、時間差をおいて投与してもよい。併用薬物の投与量は、臨床上用いられている投与量に準ずればよく、投与対象、投与ルート、疾患、組み合わせ等により適宜選択することができる。
例えば、本発明の併用剤における本発明化合物の含有量は、製剤の形態によって相違するが、通常製剤全体に対して約0.01ないし100重量%、好ましくは約0.1ないし50重量%、さらに好ましくは約0.5ないし20重量%程度である。
本発明の併用剤における併用薬物の含有量は、製剤の形態によって相違するが、通常製剤全体に対して約0.01ないし90重量%、好ましくは約0.1ないし50重量%、さらに好ましくは約0.5ないし20重量%程度である。
本発明の併用剤における添加剤の含有量は、製剤の形態によって相違するが、通常製剤全体に対して約1ないし99.99重量%、好ましくは約10ないし90重量%程度である。
また、本発明化合物および併用薬物をそれぞれ別々に製剤化する場合も同様の含有量でよい。
例えば、本発明化合物または併用薬物は、分散剤(例、ツイーン(Tween)80(アトラスパウダー社製、米国)、HCO 60(日光ケミカルズ製)、ポリエチレングリコール、カルボキシメチルセルロース、アルギン酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、デキストリン)、安定化剤(例、アスコルビン酸、ピロ亜硫酸ナトリウム)、界面活性剤(例、ポリソルベート80、マクロゴール)、可溶剤(例、グリセリン、エタノール)、緩衝剤(例、リン酸及びそのアルカリ金属塩、クエン酸及びそのアルカリ金属塩)、等張化剤(例、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、マンニトール、ソルビトール、ブドウ糖)、pH調節剤(例、塩酸、水酸化ナトリウム)、保存剤(例、パラオキシ安息香酸エチル、安息香酸、メチルパラベン、プロピルパラベン、ベンジルアルコール)、溶解剤(例、濃グリセリン、メグルミン)、溶解補助剤(例、プロピレングリコール、白糖)、無痛化剤(例、ブドウ糖、ベンジルアルコール)等と共に水性注射剤に、あるいはオリーブ油、ゴマ油、綿実油、コーン油等の植物油、プロピレングリコール等の溶解補助剤に溶解、懸濁あるいは乳化して油性注射剤に成形し、注射剤とすることができる。
併用薬物は、薬物の種類に応じて上記した剤形とすることができる。
本発明化合物または併用薬物を水に溶解してなる注射剤が好ましい。該注射剤には、安息香酸塩または/およびサリチル酸塩を含有させてもよい。
該注射剤は、本発明化合物または併用薬物と所望により安息香酸塩または/およびサリチル酸塩の双方を水に溶解することにより得られる。
注射剤は、本発明化合物または併用薬物と所望により安息香酸塩または/およびサリチル酸塩の双方を、また必要により上記添加剤を水に溶解することにより得られる。これらの溶解はどのような順序で行ってもよく、従来の注射剤の製法と同様に適宜行うことができる。
注射用水溶液は、例えば、100ないし121℃の条件で5ないし30分間高圧加熱滅菌するのがよい。
さらに多回分割投与製剤として使用できるように、溶液の抗菌性を付与した製剤としてもよい。
本発明化合物または併用薬物を含んでなる核を所望により水不溶性物質や膨潤性ポリマー等の被膜剤で被覆してなる徐放性製剤が好ましい。例えば、1日1回投与型の経口投与用徐放性製剤が好ましい。
このような酸性の解離基を有し、pH依存性の膨潤を示すポリマーとしては、例えば、カーボマー(Carbomer)934P、940、941、974P、980、1342等、ポリカーボフィル(polycarbophil)、カルシウムポリカーボフィル(calcium polycarbophil)(前記はいずれもBFグッドリッチ社製)、ハイビスワコー103、104、105、304(いずれも和光純薬(株)製)等の架橋型ポリアクリル酸重合体が挙げられる。
該親水性物質としては、例えば、プルラン、デキストリン、アルギン酸アルカリ金属塩等の硫酸基を有していてもよい多糖類、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム等のヒドロキシアルキルまたはカルボキシアルキルを有する多糖類、メチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレングリコール等が挙げられる。
被膜剤で被覆される薬物を含む核(以下、単に核と称することがある)の形態は特に制限されないが、好ましくは顆粒あるいは細粒等の粒子状に形成される。
核が顆粒または細粒の場合、その平均粒子径は、好ましくは約150ないし約2,000μm、さらに好ましくは約500ないし約1,400μmである。
核の調製は通常の製造方法で実施することができる。例えば、薬物に適当な賦形剤、結合剤、崩壊剤、滑沢剤、安定化剤等を混合し、湿式押し出し造粒法、流動層造粒法等により調製する。
核の薬物含量は、約0.5ないし約95%(w/w)、好ましくは約5.0ないし約80%(w/w)、さらに好ましくは約30ないし約70%(w/w)である。
前記Iで得られた核を、前記水不溶性物質及びpH依存性の膨潤性ポリマー、および親水性物質を加熱溶解あるいは溶媒に溶解または分散させた被膜剤液により被覆することにより、徐放性製剤が製造される。
核の被膜剤液による被覆方法として、例えば、噴霧コーティングする方法等が挙げられる。
被膜剤液中の水不溶性物質、膨潤性ポリマーまたは親水性物質の組成比は、被膜中の各成分の含有率がそれぞれ前記含有率となるように適宜選ばれる。
被膜剤の被覆量は、核(防護剤の被覆量を含まない)に対して約1ないし約90%(w/w)、好ましくは約5ないし約50%(w/w)、さらに好ましくは約5ないし約35%(w/w)である。
速放性製剤は、液状(溶液、懸濁液、乳化物等)であっても固形状(粒子状、丸剤、錠剤等)であってもよい。速放性製剤としては、経口投与剤、注射剤等非経口投与剤が用いられるが、経口投与剤が好ましい。
舌下錠、バッカル製剤、口腔内速崩壊剤は、錠剤等の固形製剤であってもよいし、口腔粘膜貼付錠(フィルム)であってもよい。
舌下錠、バッカルまたは口腔内速崩壊剤としては、本発明化合物または併用薬物と賦形剤とを含有する製剤が好ましい。また、滑沢剤、等張化剤、親水性担体、水分散性ポリマー、安定化剤等の補助剤を含有していてもよい。また、吸収を容易にし、生体内利用率を高めるためにβ-シクロデキストリンまたはβ-シクロデキストリン誘導体(例、ヒドロキシプロピル-β-シクロデキストリン)等を含有していてもよい。
機器:島津製作所LC-10Avpシステム
カラム:CAPSEL PAK C18UG120 S-3μm, 2.0 X 50mm
溶媒:A液;0.1% トリフルオロ酢酸含有水、
B液;0.1% トリフルオロ酢酸含有アセトニトリル
グラジエントサイクル: 0.00分(A液/B液=90/10)、4.00分(A液/B液=5/95)、5.50分(A液/B液=5/95)、5.51分(A液/B液=90/10)、8.00分(A液/B液=90/10)
注入量:2μL、流速:0.5 mL/min、検出法:UV 220nm
参考例および実施例において、分取HPLCの精製は以下の条件により行った。
機器:ギルソン社ハイスループット精製システム
カラム:YMC CombiPrep ODS-A, S-5 μm, 50 X 20 mm
検出法:UV 220 nm
溶媒:A液;0.1% トリフルオロ酢酸含有水、
B液;0.1% トリフルオロ酢酸含有アセトニトリル
グラジエントサイクル:代表例 0.00分(A液/B液=98/2)、1.00分(A液/B液=98/2)、5.20分(A液/B液=0/100)、6.40分(A液/B液=0/100)、6.50分(A液/B液=98/2)、6.60分(A液/B液=98/2)、流速:25 mL/min、あるいは、
0.00分(A液/B液=90/10)、1.00分(A液/B液=90/10)、4.00分(A液/B液=10/95)、8.50分(A液/B液=10/95)、8.60分(A液/B液=90/10)、8.70分(A液/B液=90/10)、流速:20 mL/min
参考例および実施例において、マススペクトル(MS)は以下の条件により測定した。
測定機器:マイクロマス社 プラットフォームII、またはウオーターズ社 ZMD
イオン化法:大気圧化学イオン化法(Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization:APCI)または電子衝撃イオン化法(Electron Spray Ionization:ESI)
参考例および実施例において、HPLC-マススペクトル(LC-MS)は以下の条件により測定した。
測定機器:マイクロマス社 ZMD、アジレントテクノロジー社 HP1100 および 1200 LC/MSD
カラム:CAPCELL PAK C18UG120, S-3μm, 1.5 X 35 mm
溶媒:A液;0.05% トリフルオロ酢酸含有水、
B液;0.04% トリフルオロ酢酸含有アセトニトリル
グラジエントサイクル: 0.00分(A液/B液=90/10)、2.00分(A液/B液=5/95)、2.75分(A液/B液=5/95)、2.76分(A液/B液=90/10)、3.45分(A液/B液=90/10)
注入量:2μL、流速:0.5 mL/min、検出法:UV 220 nm
イオン化法:電子衝撃イオン化法(Electron Spray Ionization:ESI)
1H-NMRスペクトルは、内部標準としてテトラメチルシランを用いてブルカー製AVANCE DPX-300(300MHz)、ブルカー製AV-300M(300MHz)およびVARIAN Mercury-300(300MHz)で測定し、全δ値をppmで示した。
マイクロウェーブ反応装置は、バイオタージ製Emrys Optimizerを用いた。
混合溶媒において示した数値は、特に断らない限り、各溶媒の容積混合比である。%は、特に断らない限り、重量パーセントを意味する。本明細書中における室温(常温)とは、約10℃から約35℃の温度を表すが、特に厳密に限定されるものではない。
その他の本文中で用いられている略号は下記の意味を表す。
s :シングレット(singlet)
d :ダブレット(doublet)
t :トリプレット(triplet)
q :カルテット(quartet)
spt:セプテット(septet)
m :マルチプレット(multiplet)
br:ブロード(broad)
J :カップリング定数(coupling constant)
Hz:ヘルツ(Hertz)
CDCl3:重クロロホルム
DMSO-d6:ジメチルスルホキシド-d6
CD3OD :重メタノール
1H-NMR:プロトン核磁気共鳴
DMF:N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド
THF:テトラヒドロフラン
WSCD:水溶性カルボジイミド(1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド)塩酸塩
HOBt:1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール
mCPBA:メタクロロ過安息香酸
CDI:N,N’-カルボニルジイミダゾール
DMT-MM:4-(4,6-ジメトキシ-1,3,5-トリアジン-2-イル)-4-メチルモルホリニウムクロリド
DPPA:ジフェニルリン酸アジド
MeCN:アセトニトリル
TFA:トリフルオロ酢酸
Me:メチル
Et:エチル
HATU: O-(7-アザベンゾトリアゾール-1-イル)N,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルウロニウム ヘキサフルオロホスフェート
DIPEA:ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
(2Z)-3-(フェニルアミノ)ペンタ-2-エン酸メチルの製造
3-オキソ吉草酸メチル(5.21 g, 40.0 mmol)、アニリン(3.66 mL, 40.0 mmol)、p-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物(533 mg, 2.80 mmol)、シクロヘキサン(25 mL)の混合物を、加熱還流下、2時間攪拌した。減圧下で濃縮後、不溶物を濾過により除去し、濾液を減圧下で濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=98:2→94:6)で精製し、題記化合物(5.93 g, 72%)を無色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.95 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 2.35 (2 H, q, J = 7.5 Hz), 3.59 (3 H, s), 4.73 (1 H, s), 7.09-7.29 (3 H, m), 7.31-7.47 (2 H, m), 10.29 (1 H, s).
3-(フェニルアミノ)ペンタン酸メチルの製造
参考例1の化合物(5.00 g, 24.4 mmol)、10%パラジウム炭素(2.50 g)、THF(100 mL)の混合物を、水素雰囲気下、室温で7時間攪拌した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、濾液を減圧下で濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=99:1→93:7)で精製し、題記化合物(4.15 g, 82%)を無色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.88 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.44-1.59 (2 H, m), 2.39-2.48 (2 H, m), 3.56 (3 H, s), 3.59-3.71 (1 H, m), 5.39 (1 H, d, J = 9.1 Hz), 6.42-6.63 (3 H, m), 6.98-7.12 (2 H, m).
6-エチル-4-ヒドロキシ-2-オキソ-1-フェニル-1,2,5,6-テトラヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例2の化合物(4.05 g, 19.5 mmol)、(クロロホルミル)酢酸エチル(3.71 mL, 29.3 mmol)、トリエチルアミン(5.40 mL, 39.0 mmol)、THF(41 mL)の混合物を、室温で4時間攪拌した。反応混合物に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣にエタノール(188 mL)、ナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(13.3 mL, 39.0 mmol)を加え、50℃で3時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に1規定塩酸(100 mL) を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=98:2→70:30)で精製し、題記化合物(3.15 g, 56%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.77 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 1.23 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.53-1.68 (2 H, m), 3.16-3.30 (2 H, m), 3.78-3.90 (1 H, m), 4.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 7.15-7.54 (5 H, m), 12.64 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-4-ヒドロキシ-2-オキソ-1-フェニル-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例3の化合物(3.15 g, 10.9 mmol)、2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノ-1,4-ベンゾキノン(2.97 g, 13.1 mmol)、トルエン(63 mL)の混合物を、加熱還流下、1時間攪拌した。反応混合物に水(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をアミノシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、酢酸エチル:エタノール=100:0→95:5)で精製し、題記化合物(2.66 g, 85%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.96 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 1.22 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.13 (2 H, q, J = 7.5 Hz), 4.22 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.01 (1 H, s), 7.15-7.34 (2 H, m), 7.36-7.71 (3 H, m), 12.43 (1 H, br s).
4-クロロ-6-エチル-2-オキソ-1-フェニル-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例4の化合物(2.66 g, 9.26 mmol)、オキシ塩化リン(2.59 mL, 27.8 mmol)、MeCN(53 mL)の混合物を、加熱還流下、2時間撹拌した。混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に氷水を加え、析出固体をろ過し、水およびジイソプロピルエーテルで洗浄することで題記化合物(2.11 g, 75%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.98 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.25 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.46 (1 H, s), 7.28-7.40 (2 H, m), 7.45-7.66 (3 H, m).
6-エチル-3-ヒドロキシ-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例5の化合物(2.11 g, 6.90 mmol)、ザルコシンエチルエステル塩酸塩(2.12 g, 13.8 mmol)、トリエチルアミン(10.6 mL)、エタノール(63 mL)の混合物を、加熱還流下、40時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に水(50 mL)を加え、5規定塩酸で酸性にした。析出物を濾取、水で洗浄し、題記化合物(1.72 g, 73%)をベージュ色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.01 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.32 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.18 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.82 (3 H, s), 4.31 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.46 (1 H, s), 7.16-7.30 (2 H, m), 7.40-7.58 (3 H, m), 8.89 (1 H, s).
6-エチル-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例6の化合物(1.28 g, 3.76 mmol)、炭酸セシウム(1.47 g, 4.51 mmol)、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル(0.597 mL, 4.14 mmol)、DMF (12.8 mL)の混合物を、室温で2時間攪拌した。混合物に水(50 mL)を加え、析出物を濾取し、水、ジイソプロピルエーテルで順次洗浄し、題記化合物(1.55 g, 97%)をベージュ色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.29 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.88 (3 H, s), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.83 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.62 (1 H, s), 7.23-7.33 (2 H, m), 7.43-7.60 (3 H, m).
6-エチル-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例7の化合物(1.40 g, 3.31 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(2.80 mL)、エタノール(42 mL)の混合物を60℃で1時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に水(30 mL)を加え、5規定塩酸で酸性にした。析出物を濾取、水で洗浄し、題記化合物(1.08 g, 82%)をベージュ色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.88 (3 H, s), 4.81 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.60 (1 H, s), 7.16-7.38 (2 H, m), 7.39-7.66 (3 H, m), 12.72 (1 H, br s).
(2Z)-3-[(2,6-ジフルオロフェニル)アミノ]ペンタ-2-エン酸メチルの製造
参考例1と同様の方法により、3-オキソ吉草酸メチル(5.21 g, 40.0 mmol)、2,6-ジフルオロアニリン(4.03 mL, 40.0 mmol)、p-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物(533 mg, 2.80 mmol)、シクロヘキサン(25 mL)から、題記化合物(8.31 g, 86%)を無色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.95 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 2.04 (2 H, q, J = 7.5 Hz), 3.60 (3 H, s), 4.81 (1 H, s), 7.17-7.29 (2 H, m), 7.34-7.51 (1 H, m), 9.56 (1 H, s).
3-[(2,6-ジフルオロフェニル)アミノ]ペンタン酸メチルの製造
参考例9の化合物(7.90 g, 32.7 mmol)、5%白金-活性炭素(2.37 g)、酢酸(26 mL)、エタノール(53 mL)の混合物を、水素雰囲気下、室温で7時間攪拌した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、濾液を減圧下で濃縮した。残渣に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=99:1→93:7)で精製し、題記化合物(4.29 g, 54%)を無色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.88 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.41-1.61 (2 H, m), 2.52-2.55 (2 H, m), 3.50 (3 H, s), 3.86 (1 H, s), 4.62-4.77 (1 H, m), 6.59-6.77 (1 H, m), 6.84-7.01 (2 H, m).
1-(2,6-ジフルオロフェニル)-6-エチル-4-ヒドロキシ-2-オキソ-1,2,5,6-テトラヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例10の化合物(3.70 g, 15.2 mmol)、(クロロホルミル)酢酸エチル(2.89 mL, 22.8 mmol)、THF(37 mL)の混合物を、室温で2時間攪拌した。反応混合物に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣にエタノール(109 mL)、ナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(6.72 mL, 19.8 mmol)を加え、50℃で2時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に1規定塩酸(100 mL) を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=95:5→70:30)で精製し、題記化合物(4.75 g, 96%)を無色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.78 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.22 (3 H, t, J = 6.99 Hz), 1.45-1.60 (2 H, m), 2.66 (1 H, dd, J = 17.4, 5.1 Hz), 3.08 (1 H, dd, J = 17.4, 6.0 Hz), 3.61-3.81 (1 H, m), 4.14-4.29 (2 H, m), 7.10-7.32 (2 H, m), 7.37-7.56 (1 H, m), 12.86 (1 H, br s).
1-(2,6-ジフルオロフェニル)-6-エチル-4-ヒドロキシ-2-オキソ-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例4と同様の方法により、参考例11の化合物(4.75 g, 14.6 mmol)、2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノ-1,4-ベンゾキノン(3.65 g, 16.1 mmol)、トルエン(95 mL)から、題記化合物(3.47 g, 74%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.00 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.23 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.23 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.13 (1 H, s), 7.32-7.44 (2 H, m), 7.58-7.72 (1 H, m), 12.55 (1 H, br s).
4-クロロ-1-(2,6-ジフルオロフェニル)-6-エチル-2-オキソ-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例5と同様の方法により、参考例12の化合物(3.47 g, 12.1 mmol)、オキシ塩化リン(3.38 mL, 36.2 mmol)、MeCN(69 mL)から、題記化合物(4.05 g, 98%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.26 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.30 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.29 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.63 (1 H, s), 7.37-7.52 (2 H, m), 7.63-7.83 (1 H, m).
5-(2,6-ジフルオロフェニル)-6-エチル-3-ヒドロキシ-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例6と同様の方法により、参考例13の化合物(3.00 g, 8.78 mmol)、ザルコシンエチルエステル塩酸塩(2.70 g, 17.6 mmol)、トリエチルアミン(15 mL)、エタノール(60 mL)から、題記化合物(2.90 g, 88%)をベージュ色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.04 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.32 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.23 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.83 (3 H, s), 4.32 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.62 (1 H, s), 7.31-7.44 (2 H, m), 7.56-7.73 (1 H, m), 9.04 (1 H, br s).
5-(2,6-ジフルオロフェニル)-6-エチル-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例7と同様の方法により、参考例14の化合物(1.64 g, 4.36 mmol)、炭酸セシウム(1.70 g, 5.23 mmol)、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル(0.691 mL, 4.79 mmol)、DMF (16.4 mL)から、題記化合物(1.56 g, 78%)を黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.06 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.29 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.27 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.90 (3 H, s), 4.27 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.81 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.75 (1 H, s), 7.32-7.44 (2 H, m), 7.60-7.73 (1 H, m).
5-(2,6-ジフルオロフェニル)-6-エチル-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例15の化合物(1.36 g, 2.97 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(1.36 mL)およびエタノール(27 mL)から、題記化合物(1.07 g, 84%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.05 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 2.27 (2 H, q, J = 7.5 Hz), 3.90 (3 H, s), 4.79 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.73 (1 H, s), 7.30-7.48 (2 H, m), 7.56-7.76 (1 H, m), 12.85 (1 H, br s).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例6の化合物(150 mg, 0.441 mmol)のアセトン(3.0 mL)溶液に炭酸カリウム(122 mg, 0.882 mmol)、硫酸ジエチル(86.4 μL, 0.662 mmol)を加え、加熱還流下、3時間攪拌した。反応混合物を0℃に冷却し、水(20 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(50 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(20 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、酢酸エチル:エタノール=90:10→60:40)で精製し、題記化合物(141 mg, 87%)を白色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.01 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.23 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.31 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.85 (3 H, s), 4.15 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.55 (1 H, s), 7.20-7.29 (2 H, m), 7.40-7.57 (3 H, m).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例17の化合物(141 mg, 0.383 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.282 mL)およびエタノール(2.8 mL)から、題記化合物(115 mg, 88%)を白色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.01 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 1.21 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.18 (2 H, q, J = 7.5 Hz), 3.85 (3 H, s), 4.16 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.53 (1 H, s), 7.18-7.31 (2 H, m), 7.40-7.60 (3 H, m), 12.43 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例6の化合物(150 mg, 0.441 mmol)のアセトン(3.0 mL)溶液に炭酸カリウム(122 mg, 0.882 mmol)、硫酸ジイソプロピル(110 μL, 0.662 mmol)を加え、加熱還流下、7時間攪拌した。反応混合物を0℃に冷却し、水(20 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(50 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(20 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、酢酸エチル:エタノール=90:10→60:40)で精製し、題記化合物(105 mg, 62%)を淡黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.17 (6 H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 1.31 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.18 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.85 (3 H, s), 4.25 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.75 (1 H, spt, J = 6.0 Hz), 6.54 (1 H, s), 7.18-7.34 (2 H, m), 7.40-7.61 (3 H, m).
6-エチル-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例19の化合物(105 mg, 0.275 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.210 mL)およびエタノール(2.1 mL)から、題記化合物(98.0 mg, 100%)を白色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.01 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.17 (6 H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 2.18 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.85 (3 H, s), 4.72 (1 H, spt, J = 6.0 Hz), 6.53 (1 H, s), 7.20-7.29 (2 H, m), 7.41-7.58 (3 H, m), 12.31 (1 H, br s).
(2Z)-3-[(4-フルオロフェニル)アミノ]ペンタ-2-エン酸メチルの製造
参考例1と同様の方法により、3-オキソ吉草酸メチル(10.0 g, 76.8 mmol)、4-フルオロアニリン(7.36 mL, 76.8 mmol)、p-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物(730 mg, 3.84 mmol)、シクロヘキサン(40 mL)、トルエン(10 mL)から、題記化合物(11.4 g, 67%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.92 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 2.27 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.58 (3 H, s), 4.70 (1 H, s), 7.14-7.31 (4 H, m), 10.12 (1 H, s).
3-[(4-フルオロフェニル)アミノ]ペンタン酸メチルの製造
参考例10と同様の方法により、参考例21の化合物(11.2 g, 50.2 mmol)、5%白金-活性炭素(2.24 g)、酢酸(56 mL)、エタノール(56 mL)から、題記化合物(7.71 g, 68%)を淡黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.87 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 1.40-1.59 (2 H, m), 2.43 (2 H, dd, J = 6.5, 2.7 Hz), 3.52-3.65 (4 H, m), 5.53 (1 H, d, J = 9.4 Hz), 6.50-6.61 (2 H, m), 6.84-6.95 (2 H, m).
6-エチル-1-(4-フルオロフェニル)-4-ヒドロキシ-2-オキソ-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例22の化合物(7.70 g, 34.2 mmol)、(クロロホルミル)酢酸エチル(6.50 mL, 51.3 mmol)、THF(77 mL)の混合物を、室温で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣にエタノール(232 mL)、ナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(17.5 mL, 51.3 mmol)を加え、70℃で24時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に1規定塩酸(100 mL) を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=98:2→70:30)で精製した。得られた黄色油状物のトルエン溶液(210 mL)に2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノ-1,4-ベンゾキノン(8.54 g, 37.6 mmol)を加え、加熱還流下、1時間攪拌した。反応混合物に水(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去した後、アミノシリカゲルに通し(溶出液、酢酸エチル:エタノール=1:1)、溶出液を減圧下で濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=95:5→50:50)で精製し、題記化合物(5.04 g, 48%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.97 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.22 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.14 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.22 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.01 (1 H, s), 7.25-7.42 (4 H, m), 12.43 (1 H, s).
4-クロロ-6-エチル-1-(4-フルオロフェニル)-2-オキソ-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例5と同様の方法により、参考例23の化合物(5.04 g, 16.5 mmol)、オキシ塩化リン(4.62 mL, 49.5 mmol)、MeCN(100 mL)から、題記化合物(4.36 g, 82%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.99 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.25 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.46 (1 H, s), 7.34-7.48 (4 H, m).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-3-ヒドロキシ-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例24の化合物(3.70 g, 11.4 mmol)、ザルコシンエチルエステル塩酸塩(3.51 g, 22.9 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(9.93 mL, 57.0 mmol)、エタノール(37 mL)の混合物を、加熱還流下、3時間攪拌した。冷却後、反応混合物にナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(15 mL)を加え、室温で1時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に水(50 mL)を加え、2規定塩酸で酸性にした。析出物を濾取、水およびジイソプロピルエーテルで順次洗浄し、題記化合物(3.92 g, 96%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.32 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.18 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.81 (3 H, s), 4.31 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.49 (1 H, s), 7.28-7.40 (4 H, m), 8.87 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例7と同様の方法により、参考例25の化合物(180 mg, 0.502 mmol)、炭酸セシウム(196 mg, 0.602 mmol)、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル(79.7 μL, 0.553 mmol)、DMF (1.8 mL)から、題記化合物(146 mg, 66%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.29 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.88 (3 H, s), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.82 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.62 (1 H, s), 7.27-7.45 (4 H, m).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例26の化合物(145 mg, 0.329 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.290 mL)およびエタノール(2.9 mL)から、題記化合物(120 mg, 88%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.3 Hz), 3.87 (3 H, s), 4.80 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.59 (1 H, s), 7.29-7.41 (4 H, m), 12.74 (1 H, br s).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例17と同様の方法により、参考例25の化合物(200 mg, 0.558 mmol)、炭酸カリウム(154 mg, 1.12 mmol)、硫酸ジエチル(94.8 μL, 0.726 mmol)、アセトン(4.0 mL)から、題記化合物(149 mg, 67%)を淡黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.23 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.31 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.85 (3 H, s), 4.15 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.55 (1 H, s), 7.25-7.44 (4 H, m).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例28の化合物(149 mg, 0.386 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.298 mL)およびエタノール(3.0 mL)から、題記化合物(119 mg, 86%)を白色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.21 (3 H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.85 (3 H, s), 4.15 (2 H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 6.54 (1 H, s), 7.26-7.40 (4 H, m), 12.44 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例19と同様の方法により、参考例25の化合物(200 mg, 0.558 mmol)、炭酸カリウム(154 mg, 1.12 mmol)、硫酸ジイソプロピル(120 μL, 0.726 mmol)、アセトン(4.0 mL)から、題記化合物(120 mg, 54%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.17 (6 H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 1.31 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.85 (3 H, s), 4.25 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.74 (1 H, spt, J = 6.0 Hz), 6.55 (1 H, s), 7.28-7.41 (4 H, m).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例30の化合物(120 mg, 0.300 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.240 mL)およびエタノール(2.4 mL)から、題記化合物(90.9 mg, 81%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.17 (6 H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.85 (3 H, s), 4.63-4.79 (1 H, m), 6.53 (1 H, s), 7.26-7.40 (4 H, m), 12.32 (1 H, br s).
(2Z)-3-{[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]アミノ}ペンタ-2-エン酸メチルの製造
参考例1と同様の方法により、3-オキソ吉草酸メチル(10.0 g, 76.8 mmol)、4-トリフルオロメチルアニリン(9.54 mL, 76.8 mmol)、p-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物(730 mg, 3.84 mmol)、シクロヘキサン(50 mL)から、題記化合物(11.5 g, 55%)を無色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.98 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 2.43-2.50 (2 H, m), 3.61 (3 H, s), 4.86 (1 H, s), 7.36 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.69 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 10.42 (1 H, s).
3-{[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]アミノ}ペンタン酸メチルの製造
参考例10と同様の方法により、参考例32の化合物(6.54 g, 23.9 mmol)、5%白金-活性炭素(654 mg)、酢酸(33 mL)、エタノール(33 mL)から、題記化合物(5.88 g, 89%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.87 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.40-1.66 (2 H, m), 2.46-2.50 (2 H, m), 3.56 (3 H, s), 3.65-3.82 (1 H, m), 6.23 (1 H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 6.67 (2 H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 7.35 (2 H, d, J = 8.7 Hz).
6-エチル-4-ヒドロキシ-2-オキソ-1-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-1,2,5,6-テトラヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例11と同様の方法により、参考例33の化合物(5.88 g, 21.4 mmol)、(クロロホルミル)酢酸エチル(3.51 mL, 27.8 mmol)、THF(59 mL)およびナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(13.4 mL, 39.4 mmol)、エタノール(77 mL)から、題記化合物(3.28 g, 47%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.79 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 1.23 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.56-1.70 (2 H, m), 2.58 (1 H, dd, J = 17.4, 2.5 Hz), 3.22-3.31 (1 H, m),3.91-4.03 (1 H, m), 4.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 7.56 (2 H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.74 (2 H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 12.74 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-4-ヒドロキシ-2-オキソ-1-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例4と同様の方法により、参考例34の化合物(3.28 g, 8.74 mmol)、2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノ-1,4-ベンゾキノン(2.20 g, 9.61 mmol)、トルエン(66 mL)から、題記化合物(1.95 g, 63%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.97 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.22 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.13 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.22 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.04 (1 H, s), 7.55 (2 H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.90 (2 H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 12.48 (1 H, s).
4-クロロ-6-エチル-2-オキソ-1-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例5と同様の方法により、参考例35の化合物(1.95 g, 5.49 mmol)、オキシ塩化リン(1.53 mL, 16.5 mmol)、MeCN(39 mL)から、題記化合物(1.79 g, 87%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.99 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.25 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.27 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.50 (1 H, s), 7.66 (2 H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.94 (2 H, d, J = 8.3 Hz).
6-エチル-3-ヒドロキシ-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例25と同様の方法により、参考例36の化合物(1.79 g, 4.79 mmol)、ザルコシンエチルエステル塩酸塩(1.47 g, 9.58 mmol)、トリエチルアミン(8.95 mL)、エタノール(36 mL)およびナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(8.95 mL)から、題記化合物(1.78 g, 91%)をベージュ色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.32 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.17 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.83 (3 H, s), 4.31 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.54 (1 H, s), 7.54 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.90 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 8.93 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-5-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例7と同様の方法により、参考例37の化合物(250 mg, 0.612 mmol)、炭酸セシウム(239 mg, 0.734 mmol)、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル(97.1 μL, 0.673 mmol)、DMF (2.5 mL)から、題記化合物(270 mg, 90%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.04 (3 H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 1.29 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.3 Hz), 3.89 (3 H, s), 4.27 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.81 (2 H, q, J = 9.1 Hz), 6.67 (1 H, s), 7.58 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.91 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz).
6-エチル-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-5-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例38の化合物(270 mg, 0.551 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.540 mL)およびエタノール(5.4 mL)から、題記化合物(115 mg, 45%)を黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.3 Hz), 3.89 (3 H, s), 4.79 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.65 (1 H, s), 7.57 (2 H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.91 (2 H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 12.77 (1 H, br s).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例17と同様の方法により、参考例37の化合物(250 mg, 0.612 mmol)、炭酸カリウム(169 mg, 1.12 mmol)、硫酸ジエチル(104 μL, 0.796 mmol)、アセトン(5.0 mL)から、題記化合物(139 mg, 52%)を淡黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.23 (3 H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 1.31 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.18 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.87 (3 H, s), 4.14 (2 H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 4.27 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.60 (1 H, s), 7.55 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.90 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例40の化合物(139 mg, 0.319 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.278 mL)およびエタノール(2.8 mL)から、題記化合物(101 mg, 78%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.21 (3 H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 2.18 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.87 (3 H, s), 4.15 (2 H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 6.58 (1 H, s), 7.54 (2 H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 7.90 (2 H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 12.46 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-5-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例19と同様の方法により、参考例37の化合物(250 mg, 0.612 mmol)、炭酸カリウム(169 mg, 1.12 mmol)、硫酸ジイソプロピル(132 μL, 0.796 mmol)、アセトン(5.0 mL)から、題記化合物(130 mg, 47%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.17 (6 H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 1.31 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.18 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.87 (3 H, s), 4.25 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.65-4.81 (1 H, m), 6.59 (1 H, s), 7.55 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.90 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz).
6-エチル-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-5-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例42の化合物(130 mg, 0.289 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.260 mL)およびエタノール(2.6 mL)から、題記化合物(122 mg, 100%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 1.17 (6 H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 2.18 (2 H, q, J = 7.3 Hz), 3.87 (3 H, s), 4.60-4.77 (1 H, m), 6.57 (1 H, s), 7.54 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.89 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 12.35 (1 H, br s).
(2Z)-3-[(4-メトキシフェニル)アミノ]ペンタ-2-エン酸メチルの製造
参考例1と同様の方法により、3-オキソ吉草酸メチル(8.67 g, 66.6 mmol)、4-メトキシアニリン(8.20 g, 66.6 mmol)、p-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物(633 mg, 3.33 mmol)、シクロヘキサン(30 mL)、トルエン(30 mL)から、題記化合物(10.5 g, 67%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.91 (3 H, t, J = 7.6 Hz), 2.22 (2 H, q, J = 7.6 Hz), 3.57 (3 H, s), 3.76 (3 H, s), 4.64 (1 H, s), 6.90-6.97 (2 H, m), 7.09-7.19 (2 H, m), 10.05 (1 H, s).
3-[(3-エトキシ-3-オキソプロパノイル)(4-メトキシフェニル)アミノ]ペンタン酸メチルの製造
参考例44の化合物(10.5 g, 44.6 mmol)、5%白金-活性炭素(1.05 g)、酢酸(50 mL)、エタノール(50 mL)の混合物を、水素雰囲気下、室温で2時間攪拌した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、濾液を減圧下で濃縮した。残渣に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮した後、残渣にTHF(97 mL)、(クロロホルミル)酢酸エチル(6.17 mL, 48.8 mmol)を加え、室温で4時間攪拌した。反応混合物に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=99:1→50:50)で精製し、題記化合物(4.22 g, 27%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.93 (3 H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 1.11 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.31-1.45 (2 H, m), 2.32-2.39 (2 H, m), 3.01 (2 H, s), 3.59 (3 H, s), 3.78 (3 H, s), 3.97 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.77-4.95 (1 H, m), 6.96-7.06 (2 H, m), 7.07-7.22 (2 H, m).
6-エチル-4-ヒドロキシ-1-(4-メトキシフェニル)-2-オキソ-1,2,5,6-テトラヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例45の化合物(4.22 g, 12.0 mmol)、ナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(8.17 mL, 24.0 mmol)、エタノール(42 mL)の混合物を、60℃で2時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に1規定塩酸(100 mL) を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=99:1→50:50)で精製し、題記化合物(2.47 g, 64%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.76 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 1.22 (3 H, t, J = 7.2 Hz), 1.47-1.66 (2 H, m), 2.52-2.62 (1 H, dm), 3.13-3.29 (1 H, m), 3.70-3.80 (4 H, m), 4.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.2 Hz), 6.84-7.02 (2 H, m), 7.11-7.32 (2 H, m), 12.61 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-4-ヒドロキシ-1-(4-メトキシフェニル)-2-オキソ-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例4と同様の方法により、参考例46の化合物(2.47 g, 7.73 mmol)、2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノ-1,4-ベンゾキノン(1.93 g, 8.51 mmol)、トルエン(49 mL)から、題記化合物(2.35 g, 96%)を白色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.90 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.18 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.03 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.79 (3 H, s), 4.07 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 5.61 (1 H, s), 6.94-7.02 (2 H, m), 7.02-7.10 (2 H, m), 12.24 (1 H, br s).
4-クロロ-6-エチル-1-(4-メトキシフェニル)-2-オキソ-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例5と同様の方法により、参考例47の化合物(2.35 g, 7.41 mmol)、オキシ塩化リン(2.06 mL, 22.2 mmol)、MeCN(47 mL)から、題記化合物(2.01 g, 80%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.98 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.25 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.22 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.81 (3 H, s), 4.25 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.43 (1 H, s), 6.98-7.15 (2 H, m), 7.18-7.32 (2 H, m).
6-エチル-3-ヒドロキシ-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例25と同様の方法により、参考例48の化合物(2.01 g, 5.99 mmol)、ザルコシンエチルエステル塩酸塩(1.84 g, 12.0 mmol)、トリエチルアミン(10 mL)、エタノール(40 mL)およびナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(10 mL)から、題記化合物(2.02 g, 91%)をベージュ色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.01 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.32 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.81 (3 H, s), 3.82 (3 H, s), 4.30 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.47 (1 H, s), 6.97-7.10 (2 H, m), 7.10-7.25 (2 H, m), 8.88 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例7と同様の方法により、参考例49の化合物(300 mg, 0.810 mmol)、炭酸セシウム(317 mg, 0.972 mmol)、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル(128 μL, 0.891 mmol)、DMF (3.0 mL)から、題記化合物(295 mg, 81%)をベージュ色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.29 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.23 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.82 (3 H, s), 3.87 (3 H, s), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.83 (2 H, q, J = 9.2 Hz), 6.59 (1 H, s), 6.98-7.10 (2 H, m), 7.12-7.24 (2 H, m).
6-エチル-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例50の化合物(290 mg, 0.641 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.580 mL)およびエタノール(5.8 mL)から、題記化合物(171 mg, 63%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.22 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.82 (3 H, s), 3.87 (3 H, s), 4.81 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.57 (1 H, s), 7.00-7.11 (2 H, m), 7.13-7.23 (2 H, m), 12.70 (1 H, br s).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例17と同様の方法により、参考例49の化合物(300 mg, 0.810 mmol)、炭酸カリウム(224 mg, 1.62 mmol)、硫酸ジエチル(138 μL, 1.05 mmol)、アセトン(6.0 mL)から、題記化合物(163 mg, 50%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.23 (3 H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 1.31 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.82 (3 H, s), 3.84 (3 H, s), 4.15 (2 H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.52 (1 H, s), 6.98-7.09 (2 H, m), 7.10-7.22 (2 H, m).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例52の化合物(163 mg, 0.409 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.326 mL)およびエタノール(3.3 mL)から、題記化合物(139 mg, 92%)を淡黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.21 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.82 (3 H, s), 3.84 (3 H, s), 4.15 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.50 (1 H, s), 6.99-7.09 (2 H, m), 7.10-7.20 (2 H, m), 12.41 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例19と同様の方法により、参考例49の化合物(300 mg, 0.810 mmol)、炭酸カリウム(224 mg, 1.62 mmol)、硫酸ジイソプロピル(174 μL, 1.05 mmol)、アセトン(6.0 mL)から、題記化合物(141 mg, 42%)を黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.17 (6 H, d, J = 6.2 Hz), 1.31 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.82 (3 H, s), 3.84 (3 H, s), 4.25 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.66-4.84 (1 H, m), 6.51 (1 H, s), 6.99-7.09 (2 H, m), 7.11-7.20 (2 H, m).
6-エチル-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例54の化合物(141 mg, 0.342 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.282 mL)およびエタノール(2.8 mL)から、題記化合物(123 mg, 94%)を淡黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.17 (6 H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.82 (3 H, s), 3.84 (3 H, s), 4.63-4.81 (1 H, m), 6.50 (1 H, s), 6.98-7.09 (2 H, m), 7.10-7.21 (2 H, m), 12.29 (1 H, br s).
(2Z)-3-[(3-フルオロフェニル)アミノ]ペンタ-2-エン酸メチルの製造
参考例1と同様の方法により、3-オキソ吉草酸メチル(6.42 g, 49.3 mmol)、3-フルオロアニリン(5.48 g, 49.3 mmol)、p-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物(281 mg, 1.48 mmol)、シクロヘキサン(23 mL)、トルエン(23 mL)から、題記化合物(5.00 g, 45%)を無色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.95 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.41 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.59 (3 H, s), 4.77 (1 H, s), 6.96-7.15 (3 H, m), 7.34-7.45 (1 H, m), 10.27 (1 H, s).
3-[(3-エトキシ-3-オキソプロパノイル)(3-フルオロフェニル)アミノ]ペンタン酸メチルの製造
参考例45と同様の方法により、参考例56の化合物(5.00 g, 22.4 mmol)、5%白金-活性炭素(1.00 g)、酢酸(25 mL)、エタノール(25 mL)および(クロロホルミル)酢酸エチル(5.17 mL, 40.9 mmol)、THF(46 mL)から、題記化合物(4.41 g, 58%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.93 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.11 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.36-1.52 (2 H, m), 2.41-2.48 (2 H, m), 3.08 (2 H, s), 3.60 (3 H, s), 3.97 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.70-4.89 (1 H, m), 7.06-7.21 (2 H, m), 7.28-7.38 (1 H, m), 7.48-7.60 (1 H, m).
6-エチル-1-(3-フルオロフェニル)-4-ヒドロキシ-2-オキソ-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例57の化合物(4.41 g, 13.0 mmol)、ナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(8.85 mL, 26.0 mmol)、エタノール(44 mL)の混合物を、60℃で2時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に1規定塩酸(100 mL) を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=95:5→50:50)で精製した。得られた黄色油状物のトルエン溶液(56 mL)に2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノ-1,4-ベンゾキノン(2.28 g, 10.1 mmol)を加え、加熱還流下、1時間攪拌した。反応混合物に水(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去した後、残渣をアミノシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、酢酸エチル:エタノール=1:1)で精製し、題記化合物(2.11 g, 53%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.98 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.22 (3 H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 2.16 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.22 (2 H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 6.00 (1 H, s), 7.07-7.17 (1 H, m), 7.23-7.41 (2 H, m), 7.50-7.62 (1 H, m), 12.44 (1 H, br s).
4-クロロ-6-エチル-1-(3-フルオロフェニル)-2-オキソ-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例5と同様の方法により、参考例58の化合物(2.11 g, 6.91 mmol)、オキシ塩化リン(2.57 mL, 27.6 mmol)、MeCN(42 mL)から、題記化合物(1.71 g, 76%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.00 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.25 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.22 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.47 (1 H, s), 7.20-7.27 (1 H, m), 7.32-7.45 (2 H, m) , 7.54-7.66 (1 H, m).
6-エチル-5-(3-フルオロフェニル)-3-ヒドロキシ-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例25と同様の方法により、参考例59の化合物(1.71 g, 5.28 mmol)、ザルコシンエチルエステル塩酸塩(1.62 g, 10.6 mmol)、トリエチルアミン(8.6 mL)、エタノール(34 mL)およびナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(8.6 mL)から、題記化合物(1.75 g, 93%)を黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.30 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.75 (3 H, s), 4.25 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.45 (1 H, s), 7.08-7.17 (1 H, m), 7.20-7.39 (2 H, m), 7.48-7.62 (1 H, m), 8.65 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-5-(3-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例7と同様の方法により、参考例60の化合物(220 mg, 0.614 mmol)、炭酸セシウム(240 mg, 0.737 mmol)、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル(97.4 μL, 0.675 mmol)、DMF (2.2 mL)から、題記化合物(240 mg, 89%)を黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.05 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.29 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.23 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.88 (3 H, s), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.82 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.63 (1 H, s), 7.13-7.20 (1 H, m), 7.26-7.41 (2 H, m), 7.50-7.67 (1 H, m).
6-エチル-5-(3-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例61の化合物(240 mg, 0.545 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.480 mL)およびエタノール(4.8 mL)から、題記化合物(220 mg, 98%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.05 (3 H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 2.23 (2 H, q, J = 7.3 Hz), 3.88 (3 H, s), 4.80 (2 H, q, J = 9.1 Hz), 6.61 (1 H, s), 7.12-7.20 (1 H, m), 7.25-7.40 (2 H, m), 7.50-7.66 (1 H, m), 12.75 (1 H, br s).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(3-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例17と同様の方法により、参考例60の化合物(220 mg, 0.614 mmol)、炭酸カリウム(170 mg, 1.23 mmol)、硫酸ジエチル(104 μL, 0.798 mmol)、アセトン(4.4 mL)から、題記化合物(223 mg, 94%)を黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.04 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.24 (3 H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 1.31 (3 H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.86 (3 H, s), 4.15 (2 H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 6.56 (1 H, s), 7.08-7.18 (1 H, m), 7.22-7.40 (2 H, m), 7.50-7.65 (1 H, m).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(3-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例63の化合物(223 mg, 0.577 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.446 mL)およびエタノール(4.5 mL)から、題記化合物(160 mg, 77%)を白色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.04 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.21 (3 H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.86 (3 H, s), 4.15 (2 H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 6.54 (1 H, s), 7.07-7.17 (1 H, m), 7.21-7.39 (2 H, m), 7.49-7.66 (1 H, m), 12.45 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-5-(3-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例19と同様の方法により、参考例60の化合物(220 mg, 0.614 mmol)、炭酸カリウム(170 mg, 1.23 mmol)、硫酸ジイソプロピル(132 μL, 0.798 mmol)、アセトン(4.4 mL)から、題記化合物(195 mg, 79%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.04 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.18 (6 H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 1.31 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.86 (3 H, s), 4.25 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.65-4.84 (1 H, m), 6.55 (1 H, s), 7.07-7.20 (1 H, m), 7.22-7.40 (2 H, m), 7.49-7.66 (1 H, m).
6-エチル-5-(3-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例65の化合物(195 mg, 0.487 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.390 mL)およびエタノール(3.9 mL)から、題記化合物(163 mg, 90%)を白色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.04 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.17 (6 H, d, J = 6.2 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.86 (3 H, s), 4.63-4.80 (1 H, m), 6.54 (1 H, s), 7.07-7.17 (1 H, m), 7.22-7.39 (2 H, m), 7.50-7.63 (1 H, m), 12.33 (1 H, br s).
4-ヒドロキシ-6-メチル-2-オキソ-2H-ピラン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
マロン酸ジエチル(10.0 g, 62.43 mmol)のTHF (50 mL)溶液に水素化ナトリウム (油性約60%; 2.50 g, 62.43 mmol)を氷冷下に加え、30 分撹拌した。この混合物に氷冷下でジケテン (2.62 g, 31.22 mmol)のTHF (15 mL)溶液を加え、0℃で1時間、室温で3 日間撹拌した。反応混合物を氷冷下に1 規定塩酸 (70 mL)で酸性にした後、酢酸エチルで3回抽出した。抽出液を合わせて飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、減圧下で濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=1:1)で精製し、題記化合物(1.79 g, 29%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.27 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.23 (3 H, s), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.20 (1 H, s), 12.80-13.40 (1 H, br).
4-クロロ-6-メチル-2-オキソ-2H-ピラン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例67の化合物 (1.65 g, 8.33 mmol)、N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン (1.08 g,8.33 mmol)およびオキシ塩化りん (6.20 g, 40.4 mmol)の混合物を110℃で1 時間撹拌した。反応混合物を冷却後、減圧下濃縮した。残渣を氷水に加え、沈殿物をろ取、水で洗浄した。得られた固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=1:1)で精製し、題記化合物(1.20 g, 67%)を橙色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.27 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.28 (3 H, d, J = 0.9 Hz), 4.30 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.64 (1 H, d, J = 0.9 Hz).
4-[(2-エトキシ-2-オキソエチル)(メチル)アミノ]-6-メチル-2-オキソ-2H-ピラン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例68の化合物 (1.0 g, 4.62 mmol)、ザルコシンエチルエステル塩酸塩 (0.85 g, 5.54 mmol)およびトリエチルアミン (1.03 g, 10.16 mmol)のTHF (20 mL)溶液を室温で16 時間撹拌した。反応混合物を飽和重曹水で希釈した後、酢酸エチルで2 回抽出した。抽出液を合わせて飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、減圧下で濃縮し、題記化合物(1.34 g, 98%)を暗赤色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.20-1.25 (6 H, m), 2.14 (3 H, s), 2.97 (3 H, s), 4.07-4.19 (4 H, m), 4.27 (2 H, s), 6.17 (1 H, d, J = 0.9 Hz).
3-ヒドロキシ-1,6-ジメチル-4-オキソ-1,4-ジヒドロピラノ[4,3-b]ピロール-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例69の化合物 (1.34 g, 4.51 mmol)のエタノール (10 mL)溶液にナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液 (1.50 g, 4.51 mmol)を加え、室温で30 分間撹拌した。反応混合物を1 規定塩酸 (5 mL)で酸性にし水 (15 mL)で希釈し室温で30 分間撹拌した。沈殿物をろ取、水で洗浄した後、減圧下乾燥し、題記化合物(0.91 g, 80%)をベージュ色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.31 (3 H, t, J =7.1 Hz), 2.24 (3 H, s), 3.75 (3 H, s), 4.30 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.70 (1 H, s), 9.24 (1 H, s).
1,6-ジメチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-1,4-ジヒドロピラノ[4,3-b]ピロール-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例7と同様の方法により、参考例70の化合物 (850 mg, 3.38 mmol)から、題記化合物 (933 mg, 83%)をベージュ色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.28 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.27 (3 H, d, J = 0.9 Hz), 3.81 (3 H, s), 4.26 (2 H, q, J=7.1 Hz), 4.82 (2 H, q, J = 9.1 Hz), 6.82 (1 H, d, J = 0.9 Hz).
1,6-ジメチル-5-(4-メチルフェニル)-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例71の化合物 (50 mg, 0.15 mmol)およびp-トルイジン (322 mg, 3.00 mmol)の酢酸 (1 mL)懸濁液をマイクロ波照射下、180℃で1 時間加熱した。反応混合物を1 規定塩酸 (10 mL)で希釈し、沈殿物をろ取した。得られた固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=2:1)で精製し、題記化合物(20 mg, 32%)を淡茶色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.29 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.95 (3 H, s), 2.38 (3 H, s), 3.84 (3 H, s), 4.26 (2 H, q, J=7.1 Hz), 4.82 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.69 (1 H, s), 7.13 (2 H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.32 (2 H, d, J = 8.1 Hz).
1,6-ジメチル-5-(4-メチルフェニル)-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例8と同様の方法により、参考例72の化合物 (45 mg, 0.11 mmol)から、題記化合物 (23 mg, 53%)を薄茶色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.94 (3 H, s), 2.38 (3 H, s), 3.83 (3 H, s), 4.80 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.66 (1 H, s), 7.12 (2 H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.31 (2 H, d, J =8.4 Hz), 12.60-12.80 (1 H, br).
(2Z)-3-[(4-フルオロフェニル)アミノ]ペンタ-2-エン酸メチルの製造
3-オキソ吉草酸メチル(10.0 g, 76.8 mmol)、4-フルオロアニリン(7.36 mL, 76.8 mmol)、p-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物(730 mg, 3.84 mmol)、シクロヘキサン(40 mL)、トルエン(10 mL)の混合物を、加熱還流下、15時間攪拌した。減圧下で濃縮後、不溶物を濾過により除去し、濾液を減圧下で濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=99:1→92:8)で精製し、題記化合物(11.4 g, 67%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.92 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 2.27 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.58 (3 H, s), 4.70 (1 H, s), 7.14-7.31 (4 H, m), 10.12 (1 H, s).
3-[(4-フルオロフェニル)アミノ]ペンタン酸メチルの製造
参考例74の化合物(11.2 g, 50.2 mmol)、5%白金-活性炭素(2.24 g)、酢酸(56 mL)、エタノール(56 mL)の混合物を、水素雰囲気下、室温で7時間攪拌した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、濾液を減圧下で濃縮した。残渣に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=99:1→93:7)で精製し、題記化合物(7.71 g, 68%)を淡黄色色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.87 (3 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 1.40-1.59 (2 H, m), 2.43 (2 H, dd, J = 6.5, 2.7 Hz), 3.52-3.65 (4 H, m), 5.53 (1 H, d, J = 9.4 Hz), 6.50-6.61 (2 H, m), 6.84-6.95 (2 H, m).
6-エチル-1-(4-フルオロフェニル)-4-ヒドロキシ-2-オキソ-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例75の化合物(7.70 g, 34.2 mmol)、(クロロホルミル)酢酸エチル(6.50 mL, 51.3 mmol)、THF(77 mL)の混合物を、室温で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣にエタノール(232 mL)、ナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(17.5 mL, 51.3 mmol)を加え、70℃で24時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に1規定塩酸(100 mL) を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=98:2→70:30)で精製した。得られた黄色油状物のトルエン溶液(210 mL)に2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノ-1,4-ベンゾキノン(8.54 g, 37.6 mmol)を加え、加熱還流下、1時間攪拌した。反応混合物に水(100 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(200 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(100 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去した後、アミノシリカゲルに通し(溶出液、酢酸エチル:エタノール=1:1)、溶出液を減圧下で濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=95:5→50:50)で精製し、題記化合物(5.04 g, 48%)を黄色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.97 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.22 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.14 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.22 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.01 (1 H, s), 7.25-7.42 (4 H, m), 12.43 (1 H, s).
4-クロロ-6-エチル-1-(4-フルオロフェニル)-2-オキソ-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例76の化合物(5.04 g, 16.5 mmol)、オキシ塩化リン(4.62 mL, 49.5 mmol)、MeCN(100 mL)の混合物を、加熱還流下、1時間撹拌した。混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に氷水を加え、析出固体をろ過し、水およびジイソプロピルエーテルで洗浄することで題記化合物(4.36 g, 82%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:0.99 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.25 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.46 (1 H, s), 7.34-7.48 (4 H, m).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-3-ヒドロキシ-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例77の化合物(3.70 g, 11.4 mmol)、ザルコシンエチルエステル塩酸塩(3.51 g, 22.9 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(9.93 mL, 57.0 mmol)、エタノール(37 mL)の混合物を、加熱還流下、3時間攪拌した。冷却後、反応混合物にナトリウムエトキシドの20%エタノール溶液(15 mL)を加え、室温で1時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に水(50 mL)を加え、2規定塩酸で酸性にした。析出物を濾取、水およびジイソプロピルエーテルで順次洗浄し、題記化合物(3.92 g, 96%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.32 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.18 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.81 (3 H, s), 4.31 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.49 (1 H, s), 7.28-7.40 (4 H, m), 8.87 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例78の化合物(180 mg, 0.502 mmol)、炭酸セシウム(196 mg, 0.602 mmol)、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル(79.7μL, 0.553 mmol)、DMF (1.8 mL)の混合物を、室温で1時間攪拌した。混合物に水(7.0 mL)を加え、析出物を濾取し、水、ジイソプロピルエーテルで順次洗浄し、題記化合物(146 mg, 66%)を黄色粉末として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.29 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.88 (3 H, s), 4.26 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.82 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.62 (1 H, s), 7.27-7.45 (4 H, m).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例79の化合物(145 mg, 0.329 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.290 mL)、エタノール(2.9 mL)の混合物を50℃で1時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に水(5.0 mL)を加え、5規定塩酸で酸性にした。析出物を濾取、水で洗浄し、題記化合物(120 mg, 88%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.3 Hz), 3.87 (3 H, s), 4.80 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.59 (1 H, s), 7.29-7.41 (4 H, m), 12.74 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸エチルの製造
参考例78の化合物(200 mg, 0.558 mmol)のアセトン(4.0 mL)溶液に炭酸カリウム(154 mg, 1.12 mmol)、硫酸ジイソプロピル(120 μL, 0.726 mmol)を加え、加熱還流下、7時間攪拌した。反応混合物を0℃に冷却し、水(20 mL)を加え、酢酸エチル(50 mL)で抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水(20 mL)で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。不溶物を濾過により除去し、減圧下で濃縮後、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液、酢酸エチル:エタノール=90:10→60:40)で精製し、題記化合物(120 mg, 54%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.17 (6 H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 1.31 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.85 (3 H, s), 4.25 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.74 (1 H, spt, J = 6.0 Hz), 6.55 (1 H, s), 7.28-7.41 (4 H, m).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボン酸の製造
参考例81の化合物(120 mg, 0.300 mmol)、8規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.240 mL)、エタノール(2.4 mL)の混合物を40℃で10時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧濃縮後、残渣に水(5.0 mL)を加え、5規定塩酸で酸性にした。析出物を濾取、水で洗浄し、題記化合物(90.9 mg, 81%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.17 (6 H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 3.85 (3 H, s), 4.63-4.79 (1 H, m), 6.53 (1 H, s), 7.26-7.40 (4 H, m), 12.32 (1 H, br s).
6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.27-1.50 (2 H, m), 1.81-1.96 (2 H, m), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.77-2.87 (1 H, m), 3.02-3.17 (1 H, m), 3.64-3.75 (1 H, m), 3.88 (3 H, s), 3.97-4.16 (3 H, m), 4.19-4.35 (1 H, m), 4.53 (1 H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 5.04 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.60 (1 H, s), 7.21-7.32 (2 H, m), 7.43-7.60 (4 H, m).
5-(2,6-ジフルオロフェニル)-6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.05 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.22-1.51 (2 H, m), 1.80-1.96 (2 H, m), 2.27 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.75-2.93 (1 H, m), 3.02-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.62-3.77 (1 H, m), 3.88 (3 H, s), 3.96-4.17 (3 H, m), 4.19-4.34 (1 H, m), 4.53 (1 H, t, J = 5.5 Hz), 5.01 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.73 (1 H, s), 7.32-7.44 (2 H, m), 7.57 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.60-7.73 (1 H, m).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.01 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.25 (3 H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 1.32-1.56 (2 H, m), 1.84-1.96 (2 H, m), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.81-2.95 (1 H, m), 3.05-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.59-3.74 (1 H, m), 3.91 (3 H, s), 3.97-4.14 (3 H, m), 4.18-4.28 (1 H, m), 4.33 (2 H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 6.54 (1 H, s), 7.20-7.29 (2 H, m), 7.42-7.57 (3 H, m), 7.68 (1 H, d, J = 7.7 Hz).
6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.01 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.21 (6 H, d, J = 6.2 Hz), 1.26-1.56 (2 H, m), 1.84-1.97 (2 H, m), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.77-2.93 (1 H, m), 3.03-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.60-3.75 (1 H, m), 3.92 (3 H, s), 3.97-4.17 (3 H, m), 4.21-4.34 (1 H, m), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.3 Hz), 4.99 (1 H, spt, J = 6.2 Hz), 6.54 (1 H, s), 7.19-7.32 (2 H, m), 7.38-7.58 (3 H, m), 7.65 (1 H, d, J = 7.7 Hz).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.22-1.50 (2 H, m), 1.82-1.95 (2 H, m), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.75-2.88 (1 H, m), 3.02-3.16 (1 H, m), 3.62-3.75 (1 H, m), 3.88 (3 H, s), 3.95-4.13 (3 H, m), 4.21-4.33 (1 H, m), 4.53 (1 H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 5.04 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.60 (1 H, s), 7.30-7.39 (4 H, m), 7.49 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.25 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.32-1.56 (2 H, m), 1.83-1.96 (2 H, m), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.80-2.95 (1 H, m), 3.03-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.60-3.74 (1 H, m), 3.91 (3 H, s), 3.97-4.15 (3 H, m), 4.17-4.29 (1 H, m), 4.33 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.5 Hz), 6.55 (1 H, s), 7.27-7.39 (4 H, m), 7.68 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.21 (6 H, d, J = 6.2 Hz), 1.28-1.55 (2 H, m), 1.84-1.97 (2 H, m), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.77-2.91 (1 H, m), 3.03-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.61-3.74 (1 H, m), 3.92 (3 H, s), 3.96-4.16 (3 H, m), 4.21-4.33 (1 H, m), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.3 Hz), 4.92-5.05 (1 H, m), 6.55 (1 H, s), 7.27-7.38 (4 H, m), 7.65 (1 H, d, J = 7.9 Hz).
N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1,6-ジメチル-5-(4-メチルフェニル)-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 1.20-1.50 (2H, m), 1.80-2.00 (5H, m), 2.38 (3H, s), 2.83 (1H, t, J = 12.0 Hz), 3.09 (1H, t, J = 12.0 Hz), 3.69 (1H, d, J = 10.2 Hz), 3.84 (3H, s), 4.00-4.20 (3H, m), 4.26 (1H, d, J = 12.0 Hz), 4.49 (1H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 5.05 (2H, q, J = 9.2 Hz), 6.67 (1H, s), 7.12 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.32 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.44 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz).
6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-5-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 1.22-1.52 (2 H, m), 1.82-1.95 (2 H, m), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.3 Hz), 2.75-2.91 (1 H, m), 3.02-3.17 (1 H, m), 3.63-3.75 (1 H, m), 3.89 (3 H, s), 3.96-4.15 (3 H, m), 4.21-4.34 (1 H, m), 4.53 (1 H, t, J = 5.5 Hz), 5.02 (2 H, q, J = 9.2 Hz), 6.65 (1 H, s), 7.48-7.61 (3 H, m), 7.91 (2 H, d, J = 8.3 Hz).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.25 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.30-1.57 (2 H, m), 1.84-1.95 (2 H, m), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.80-2.95 (1 H, m), 3.03-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.60-3.72 (1 H, m), 3.93 (3 H, s), 3.98-4.14 (3 H, m), 4.18-4.28 (1 H, m), 4.33 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 6.59 (1 H, s), 7.54 (2 H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.69 (1 H, d, J = 7.9 Hz), 7.90 (2 H, d, J = 8.3 Hz).
6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-5-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 1.21 (6 H, d, J = 6.2 Hz), 1.27-1.56 (2 H, m), 1.84-1.97 (2 H, m), 2.18 (2 H, q, J = 7.3 Hz), 2.76-2.94 (1 H, m), 3.02-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.61-3.75 (1 H, m), 3.94 (3 H, s), 4.00-4.19 (3 H, m), 4.20-4.34 (1 H, m), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 4.87-5.04 (1 H, m), 6.59 (1 H, s), 7.54 (2 H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 7.65 (1 H, d, J = 7.7 Hz), 7.90 (2 H, d, J = 8.2 Hz).
6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 1.21-1.50 (2 H, m), 1.80-1.96 (2 H, m), 2.23 (2 H, q, J = 7.3 Hz), 2.75-2.91 (1 H, m), 3.01-3.17 (1 H, m), 3.60-3.76 (1 H, m), 3.82 (3 H, s), 3.87 (3 H, s), 3.95-4.16 (3 H, m), 4.20-4.36 (1 H, m), 4.53 (1 H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 5.05 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.57 (1 H, s), 6.99-7.10 (2 H, m), 7.13-7.23 (2 H, m), 7.48 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.25 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.30-1.56 (2 H, m), 1.82-1.96 (2 H, m), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.80-2.96 (1 H, m), 3.03-3.21 (1 H, m), 3.59-3.74 (1 H, m), 3.82 (3 H, s), 3.91 (3 H, s), 3.97-4.17 (3 H, m), 4.17-4.29 (1 H, m), 4.34 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 6.51 (1 H, s), 6.98-7.09 (2 H, m), 7.10-7.20 (2 H, m), 7.68 (1 H, d, J = 7.9 Hz).
6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.21 (6 H, d, J = 6.2 Hz), 1.25-1.56 (2 H, m), 1.84-1.97 (2 H, m), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.77-2.90 (1 H, m), 3.02-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.61-3.74 (1 H, m), 3.81 (3 H, s), 3.92 (3 H, s), 3.98-4.17 (3 H, m), 4.21-4.34 (1 H, m), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.1 Hz), 4.92-5.07 (1 H, m), 6.51 (1 H, s), 6.96-7.09 (2 H, m), 7.10-7.23 (2 H, m), 7.64 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz).
6-エチル-5-(3-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.04 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.21-1.51 (2 H, m), 1.81-1.95 (2 H, m), 2.23 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.75-2.91 (1 H, m), 2.99-3.17 (1 H, m), 3.63-3.76 (1 H, m), 3.88 (3 H, s), 3.96-4.16 (3 H, m), 4.20-4.35 (1 H, m), 4.53 (1 H, t, J = 5.3 Hz), 5.03 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.61 (1 H, s), 7.10-7.19 (1 H, m), 7.24-7.40 (2 H, m), 7.46-7.63 (2 H, m).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(3-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.04 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.26 (3 H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 1.30-1.59 (2 H, m), 1.83-1.96 (2 H, m), 2.22 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.79-2.95 (1 H, m), 3.03-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.59-3.73 (1 H, m), 3.92 (3 H, s), 3.96-4.14 (3 H, m), 4.18-4.29 (1 H, m), 4.33 (2 H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.5 Hz), 6.56 (1 H, s), 7.09-7.17 (1 H, m), 7.21-7.39 (2 H, m), 7.50-7.62 (1 H, m), 7.68 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz).
6-エチル-5-(3-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.04 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.21 (6 H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 1.26-1.56 (2 H, m), 1.84-1.97 (2 H, m), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.77-2.89 (1 H, m), 3.03-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.60-3.75 (1 H, m), 3.93 (3 H, s), 3.97-4.15 (3 H, m), 4.20-4.35 (1 H, m), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.5 Hz), 4.91-5.07 (1 H, m), 6.56 (1 H, s), 7.09-7.17 (1 H, m), 7.22-7.39 (2 H, m), 7.51-7.62 (1 H, m), 7.65 (1 H, d, J = 7.7 Hz).
6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.27-1.50 (2 H, m), 1.81-1.96 (2 H, m), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.77-2.87 (1 H, m), 3.02-3.17 (1 H, m), 3.64-3.75 (1 H, m), 3.88 (3 H, s), 3.97-4.16 (3 H, m), 4.19-4.35 (1 H, m), 4.53 (1 H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 5.04 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.60 (1 H, s), 7.21-7.32 (2 H, m), 7.43-7.60 (4 H, m).
6-エチル-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-5-フェニル-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.01 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.21 (6 H, d, J = 6.2 Hz), 1.26-1.56 (2 H, m), 1.84-1.97 (2 H, m), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.77-2.93 (1 H, m), 3.03-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.60-3.75 (1 H, m), 3.92 (3 H, s), 3.97-4.17 (3 H, m), 4.21-4.34 (1 H, m), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.3 Hz), 4.99 (1 H, spt, J = 6.2 Hz), 6.54 (1 H, s), 7.19-7.32 (2 H, m), 7.38-7.58 (3 H, m), 7.65 (1 H, d, J = 7.7 Hz).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.03 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.22-1.50 (2 H, m), 1.82-1.95 (2 H, m), 2.21 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.75-2.88 (1 H, m), 3.02-3.16 (1 H, m), 3.62-3.75 (1 H, m), 3.88 (3 H, s), 3.95-4.13 (3 H, m), 4.21-4.33 (1 H, m), 4.53 (1 H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 5.04 (2 H, q, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.60 (1 H, s), 7.30-7.39 (4 H, m), 7.49 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz).
3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.25 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.32-1.56 (2 H, m), 1.83-1.96 (2 H, m), 2.20 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.80-2.95 (1 H, m), 3.03-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.60-3.74 (1 H, m), 3.91 (3 H, s), 3.97-4.15 (3 H, m), 4.17-4.29 (1 H, m), 4.33 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.5 Hz), 6.55 (1 H, s), 7.27-7.39 (4 H, m), 7.68 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:1.02 (3 H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.21 (6 H, d, J = 6.2 Hz), 1.28-1.55 (2 H, m), 1.84-1.97 (2 H, m), 2.19 (2 H, q, J = 7.4 Hz), 2.77-2.91 (1 H, m), 3.03-3.19 (1 H, m), 3.61-3.74 (1 H, m), 3.92 (3 H, s), 3.96-4.16 (3 H, m), 4.21-4.33 (1 H, m), 4.51 (1 H, t, J = 5.3 Hz), 4.92-5.05 (1 H, m), 6.55 (1 H, s), 7.27-7.38 (4 H, m), 7.65 (1 H, d, J = 7.9 Hz).
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-N-(2-(ピロリジン-1-イル)エチル)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミド
収量: 22.5mg
LC-MS分析:純度98%
MS(ESI+):469.3(M+H)
実施例23と同様の方法により、参考例31の化合物および対応するアミンから表1に示す化合物を得た。
6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-N-(ピリジン-3-イル)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドの製造
収量: 7.2mg
LC-MS分析:純度100%
MS(ESI+):449.2(M+H)
実施例51と同様の方法により、参考例31の化合物および対応するアミンから表2に示す化合物を得た。
本発明化合物を有効成分として含有する医薬は、例えば、次のような処方によって製造することができる。
1.カプセル剤
(1)実施例1で得られた化合物 40mg
(2)ラクトース 70mg
(3)微結晶セルロース 9mg
(4)ステアリン酸マグネシウム 1mg
1カプセル 120mg
(1)、(2)、(3)および(4)の1/2を混和した後、顆粒化する。これに残りの(4)を加えて、全体をゼラチンカプセルに封入する。
(1)実施例1で得られた化合物 40mg
(2)ラクトース 58mg
(3)コーンスターチ 18mg
(4)微結晶セルロース 3.5mg
(5)ステアリン酸マグネシウム 0.5mg
1錠 120mg
(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)の2/3および(5)の1/2を混和した後、顆粒化する。残りの(4)および(5)をこの顆粒に加えて、錠剤に加圧成型する。
日局注射用蒸留水50mLに実施例1で得られた化合物50mgを溶解した後、日局注射用蒸留水を加えて100mLとする。この溶液を滅菌条件下でろ過し、次にこの溶液1mLずつを取り、滅菌条件下、注射用バイアルに充填し、凍結乾燥して密閉する。
1.Gliレポータープラスミドの構築
GliレポータープラスミドはpGL3(プロメガ)のluc+上流部分に8 x Gli-binding siteならびにニワトリδ-クリスタリンプロモーターを挿入して構築した。
δ-クリスタリンプロモーターはGenBank accession No. X02187に記載の塩基配列を参照して作製した合成DNA:
5’-GAAGATCTGCCAGCCCAGGCTCCGGGGC-3’(配列番号:1)
5’-CCCAAGCTTCTGCCCGCACAGCCCTGCTC-3’(配列番号:2)
をプライマーセットとし、ニワトリゲノムDNA(クローンテック)を鋳型として用いたPCR法によりクローニングした。PCR反応はPfu Turbo(ストラタジーン)を用いて、添付のプロトコールに従って実施した。得られた108 bpの断片を制限酵素BglIIとHindIIIで消化した後、pGL3のBglII-HindIII部位に挿入し、プラスミドpGL3/δ-cry promoterを得た。
8 x Gli-binding siteはYoon et al., J. Biol. Chem., 273巻,3496-3501頁, 1998年に記載の9-bpのGli結合コンセンサス配列(GACCACCCA)を8個含む配列を合成DNAにより作製した。すなわち、2本の合成DNA、
5’-GGGGTACCGACCACCCAGACCACCCAGACCACCCAGACCACCCAGACCACCCAGACCACCCAGACCACCCAGACCACCCAAGATCTTC-3’(配列番号:3)
5’-GAAGATCTTGGGTGGTCTGGGTGGTCTGGGTGGTCTGGGTGGTCTGGGTGGTCTGGGTGGTCTGGGTGGTCTGGGTGGTCGGTACCCC-3’(配列番号:4)
を95℃、2分間熱処理した後、37℃で1時間保温してアニーリングを行い、上記2本の合成DNAを2本鎖DNAとした。得られた2本鎖DNAを制限酵素BglIIおよびKpnIで消化し、得られたDNA断片をpGL3/δ-cry promoterのBglII-KpnI部位に挿入し、プラスミドpGL3/δ-cry promoter,8 x Gli binding site、すなわちGliレポータープラスミドを構築した。
Shh-N末フラグメント発現用プラスミドの構築の材料として、まずマウスShh cDNAのクローニングを行った。
マウスShh cDNAのクローニングは、マウス胎児11日目cDNA(クローンテック)を鋳型としたNested PCR法により行った。プライマーの配列はGenBank accession No. NM_009170記載の塩基配列を参考に作製した。
1st PCRのためのプライマーセットとしては、
5’-CTGGGTGGGGATCGGAGACA-3’(配列番号:5)
5’-GCGCTTTCCCATCAGTTCCTTATT-3’(配列番号:6)、
また、2ndPCRのためのプライマーセットとして、
5’-GGGGTACCATGCTGCTGCTGCTGGCCA-3’(配列番号:7)
5’-GCTCTAGATCAGCTGGACTTGACCGCCA-3’(配列番号:8)
をそれぞれ用いた。PCR反応はPfu Turbo(ストラタジーン)を用いて添付のプロトコールに従って実施した。得られたPCR産物はpcDNA3.1 (+)(インビトロジェン)でクローニングし、挿入塩基配列を確認した。
以上のようにして得られたマウスShh cDNA配列を鋳型として、マウスShhの1番目から198番目のアミノ酸配列をコードするcDNA配列の3’-末端にストップコドン(TGA)を付加した部分cDNA配列をPCR法によって取得した。プライマーセットとしては、
5’-ATGCTGCTGCTGCTGGCCAG-3’(配列番号:9)
5’-TCAGCCGCCGGATTTGGCCG-3’(配列番号:10)
を用いた。
PCR反応はPfu Turbo(ストラタジーン)を用いて、添付のプロトコールに従って実施した。得られたPCR産物はpcDNA3.1 (+)(インビトロジェン)でクローニングし、挿入塩基配列を確認した。
以上のようにして、マウスShh-N末フラグメント発現用プラスミド、pcDNA3.1/mShh-Nの構築を行った。
10% ウシ胎児血清を含むD-MEM培地(インビトロジェン)を用いて10 cmディッシュで生育させたHEK293細胞にpcDNA3.1/mShh-NをFuGENE6(ロシュ アプライドサイエンス)を用いて導入した。その後、37℃の炭酸ガスインキュベーター中で24時間培養し、2% ウシ胎児血清を含むD-MEM培地(インビトロジェン)に交換した。さらに48時間培養してフィルターろ過(0.22μm)により組換え型マウスShh-N末フラグメントを含む培養上清を取得した。
10% ウシ胎児血清を含むD-MEM(インビトロジェン)を用いて10 cmディッシュで生育させたNIH-3T3細胞に発現用プラスミドpcDNA3.1と試験例1の方法で作製したGliレポータープラスミド(pGL3/δ-cry promoter,8 x Gli binding site )をFuGENE6(ロシュ アプライドサイエンス)を用いて導入した。
24時間培養後、細胞を回収し、ジェネティシン(ライフテックオリエンタル)を終濃度500μg/mLになるように加えた10% ウシ胎児血清を含むD-MEM培地で懸濁し、104細胞/mLとなるように希釈して、96ウェルプレートに播種して、37℃の炭酸ガスインキュベーター中で培養することによりジェネティシン耐性形質転換株を得た。
得られた形質転換株を96ウェルプレートで培養した後、試験例3で取得したマウスShh-N末フラグメント添加により、ルシフェラーゼが発現誘導される株、NIH-3T3/Gli reporter細胞を選択した。
10% ウシ胎児血清を含むD-MEM(インビトロジェン)で培養したNIH-3T3/Gli reporter細胞を96ウェルホワイトプレートへ1x104cells/wellとなるように播種し、一晩37℃の炭酸ガスインキュベーター中で培養した。培地を除去後、化合物50μLとマウスShh-N末フラグメント発現HEK293培養上清(2%ウシ胎児血清を含むD-MEM培地)50μLを添加し、37℃の炭酸ガスインキュベーター中で48時間培養した。Bright-Glo(プロメガ)を50μL添加して撹拌後、EnVision(パーキンエルマー)によりルシフェラーゼ活性を測定した。化合物を添加していないコントロールのルシフェラーゼ活性を100として阻害率を算出した。結果を以下の表3に示す。
Sasai, K. et al., (2006) Cancer Res. 66:4215-4222の記載に従い、化合物の抗腫瘍効果をマウス髄芽腫の同種移植モデルを用いて評価した。具体的には、Patched1遺伝子変異マウス(系統名: Ptch1tm1Mps/J)をThe Jackson Laboratoryから、p53遺伝子変異マウス(系統名: P53N4-M, Nomenclature: B6.129-Trp53tm/BrdN4)をTaconicから購入し、Patched1(+/-), p53(-/-)となる遺伝子型のマウスを交配により作製した。7週齢から9週齢のPatched1(+/-), p53(-/-)マウスの小脳に自然発症した髄芽腫の腫瘍組織を採取し、ヌードマウス(系統名:CAnN.Cg-Foxn1<nu>/CrlCrlj)の皮下へ移植した。
抗腫瘍試験には皮下移植で継代した腫瘍を用いて実施した。腫瘍塊を40μmのセルストレーナー(BD Biosciences, Cat. No. 352340)で分離した後、腫瘍塊重量に対し2倍量のLeibovitz’s L-15培地(GIBCO, Cat. No. 11415-114)で腫瘍懸濁液を作製し、次に腫瘍懸濁液と等量のマトリゲル(BD Biosciences, Cat. No. 356237)と混合してマウス皮下に移植部位あたり100μlになるように移植した。移植後の腫瘍径を測定し、腫瘍サイズが150から250 mm3に達した時に1群あたり5匹で抗腫瘍試験を開始した。
試験化合物は、化合物が1 mg/kgの用量になるように0.5 % メチルセルロース(信越化学工業株式会社, Cat. No. SM-100)懸濁液にて調製し、1日2回、2週間の経口投与を行った。腫瘍サイズは電子ノギスを用いて腫瘍の長径と短径を測定して算出した。試験開始後、腫瘍サイズ測定を2日または3日毎に行い腫瘍サイズの増殖率を求めた。各試験化合物の試験終了時の腫瘍サイズの増殖率を以下の表4に示す。
表中、それぞれの試験化合物投与による腫瘍増殖率および有意差検定の結果を示す。腫瘍サイズの増殖率(T/C)は、増殖率(T/C) = ((化合物投与群の投与終了時の腫瘍サイズ)-(化合物投与群の投与開始時の腫瘍サイズ))/ ((対照群の投与終了時の腫瘍サイズ)-(対照群の投与開始時の腫瘍サイズ))×100で算出した。
Claims (12)
- XCが、NRC1(RC1が、水素原子またはC1-6アルキル基である)であり;
RC2が、
(1) 置換基を有していてもよいC1-6アルキル基、
(2) 置換基を有していてもよいC2-6アルキニル基、
(3) 置換基を有していてもよいC3-8シクロアルキル基、
(4) 置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基、および
(5) 置換基を有していてもよい複素環基
から選ばれる1または2個の置換基を有していてもよいカルバモイル基であり;
RC3が、ハロゲン化されていてもよいC1-6アルコキシ基であり;
RC5が、
(1) 置換基を有していてもよいC6-10アリール基、または
(2) 置換基を有していてもよい複素環基であり;
RC6が、C1-6アルキル基であり;かつ
RC7が、水素原子である、請求項1記載の化合物またはその塩。 - XCがNRC1(RC1がメチルである)である、請求項2記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-3-(2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドまたはその塩。
- 6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-3-(1-メチルエトキシ)-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドまたはその塩。
- 3-エトキシ-6-エチル-5-(4-フルオロフェニル)-N-[1-(ヒドロキシアセチル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-1-メチル-4-オキソ-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロロ[3,2-c]ピリジン-2-カルボキサミドまたはその塩。
- 請求項1に記載の化合物またはその塩のプロドラッグ。
- 請求項1に記載の化合物またはその塩またはそのプロドラッグを含有してなる医薬。
- Smo阻害剤である、請求項8記載の医薬。
- 癌の予防または治療剤である、請求項8記載の医薬。
- 哺乳動物に対し、請求項1に記載の化合物またはその塩またはそのプロドラッグの有効量を投与することを特徴とする、当該哺乳動物における癌の予防または治療方法。
- 癌の予防または治療剤を製造するための、請求項1に記載の化合物またはその塩またはそのプロドラッグの使用。
Priority Applications (16)
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AU2010287492A AU2010287492A1 (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | Fused heterocyclic ring derivative and use thereof |
CA2771833A CA2771833A1 (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | Fused heterocyclic ring derivative and use thereof |
EP10811921.5A EP2471790B1 (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | Fused heterocyclic ring derivative and use thereof |
MX2012002419A MX2012002419A (es) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | Derivado de anillo heterociclico fusionado y uso del mismo. |
IN2069DEN2012 IN2012DN02069A (ja) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | |
NZ598749A NZ598749A (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | Fused heterocyclic ring derivative and use thereof |
US13/391,791 US8907089B2 (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | Fused heterocyclic ring derivative and use thereof |
CN2010800469387A CN102574851A (zh) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | 稠合杂环衍生物及其用途 |
EA201270311A EA201270311A1 (ru) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | Конденсированное гетероциклическое производное и его применение |
SG2012011599A SG178504A1 (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | Fused heterocyclic ring derivative and use thereof |
JP2011528831A JP5599802B2 (ja) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | 縮合複素環誘導体およびその用途 |
BR112012004134A BR112012004134A2 (pt) | 2009-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | "composto derivado dee anel heterocíclico fundido, pró-droga, medicamento, e , uso do composto ou sal ou uma pró-droga do mesmo" |
TNP2012000084A TN2012000084A1 (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2012-02-21 | Fused heterocyclic ring derivative and use thereof |
IL218323A IL218323A0 (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2012-02-26 | Fused heterocyclic ring derivative and use thereof |
ZA2012/01795A ZA201201795B (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2012-03-12 | Fused heterocyclic ring derivative and use thereof |
MA34695A MA33589B1 (fr) | 2009-08-26 | 2012-03-16 | Dérivé d'hétérocycle condensé et son utilisation |
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