WO2011024550A1 - 口腔粘膜由来細胞を利用した誘導多能性幹細胞の効率的な製造方法 - Google Patents
口腔粘膜由来細胞を利用した誘導多能性幹細胞の効率的な製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing induced pluripotent stem cells with high establishment efficiency. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing induced pluripotent stem cells with high establishment efficiency by utilizing somatic cells derived from oral mucosa. Furthermore, the present invention relates to induced pluripotent stem cells produced by the production method.
- IPS cells can be prepared from the somatic cells of the person, do not cause immune rejection, and have few ethical problems.
- skin fibroblasts are mainly used to produce iPS cells.
- liver and stomach cells see Non-Patent Document 2
- peripheral blood see Non-Patent Document 3
- extracted wisdom teeth It has been reported that iPS cells can also be produced from cells of wisdom wisdom.
- the somatic cells used for conventional iPS cell production have a problem that the efficiency of iPS cell establishment is low and they cannot be a stable source of iPS cells.
- the somatic cells used for the production of conventional iPS cells are accompanied by a surgical attack on the living body, it is not desirable from the viewpoint of burden on the patient.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for producing iPS cells with low burden on a patient and high establishment efficiency.
- the inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems.
- the oral mucosa-derived cells that can be collected with less burden on the patient are selected from various somatic cells.
- the establishment efficiency was remarkably increased and iPS cells could be produced efficiently.
- the present invention has been completed by further studies based on this finding.
- the present invention provides the following aspects of the invention.
- Item 1 A method for producing induced pluripotent stem cells, comprising a step of introducing a reprogramming factor capable of inducing somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells to somatic cells derived from oral mucosa.
- Item 2. The production method according to Item 1, wherein the somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa are fibroblasts derived from the oral mucosa.
- Item 3. Item 2. The production method according to Item 1, wherein the somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa are fibroblasts derived from gingiva.
- the production method according to Item 1, wherein the reprogramming factor capable of inducing somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells comprises an Oct family gene, a Sox family gene, and a klf family gene.
- the production method according to Item 4, wherein the reprogramming factor capable of inducing somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells further comprises a Myc family gene.
- Item 6. An induced pluripotent stem cell obtained by introducing a reprogramming factor capable of inducing a somatic cell into a pluripotent stem cell to a somatic cell derived from the oral mucosa.
- Item 7. The induced pluripotent stem cell according to Item 6, wherein the somatic cell derived from the oral mucosa is a gingival-derived fibroblast.
- Item 9. Item 7.
- the induced pluripotent stem cell according to Item 6, wherein the reprogramming factor capable of inducing a cell into a pluripotent stem cell comprises an Oct family gene, a Sox family gene, and a klf family gene.
- Item 10. Item 10.
- Item 11. Item 11. A cell preparation for regenerative medicine, comprising the induced pluripotent stem cell according to any one of Items 6 to 10.
- somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa as cells used for iPS cell induction, iPS cell establishment efficiency can be improved, and iPS cells can be established in a shorter time than before. It becomes possible.
- a gingival tissue For collection of cells from the oral mucosa, it is possible to use a gingival tissue to be discarded generated by gingival resection during general dental treatment such as tooth extraction, periodontal treatment or implant treatment.
- the technology to establish iPS cells using tissues to be disposed of in the course of treatment is expected not only to contribute to tissue regenerative medicine that is eagerly desired in the medical and dental fields, but also to establish iPS cells that can be established in a minimally invasive manner. It can facilitate banking, easily use its own iPS cells for future diseases, and contribute to the development of multidisciplinary regenerative medicine.
- fibroblasts derived from the oral mucosa when fibroblasts derived from the oral mucosa (particularly derived from the gingiva of the oral mucosa) are used as somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa, even after the subculture of the fibroblasts is repeated. Since iPS cells can be induced with high establishment efficiency, the use of fibroblasts derived from the oral mucosa as a cell source induced by iPS cells is particularly suitable for clinical application.
- Example 1 the results of observing the cell morphology (inoculated on feeder cells) 19 to 26 days after introduction of 4 factors (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) into mouse gingival fibroblasts Indicates.
- 4 factors c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4
- 3 factors Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4 were introduced into mouse gingival fibroblasts and cloned into 11 types of iPS cell lines and mouse ES cells (seeded on feeder cells). The result of observation of (state) is shown.
- Example 1 the result of observing the cell morphology of the iPS cell clone strain prepared by introducing 3 factors (Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) into mouse gingival fibroblasts in suspension culture in ES medium for 3 days Indicates.
- cell morphology was changed 4 days after introduction of 4 factors (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) to mouse gingival fibroblasts and tail-derived fibroblasts subcultured 6 times.
- the observation results and the results of crystal violet staining of cells 9 days after introduction of 4 factors (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) are shown.
- Example 1 the result of having observed the differentiation ability in ivitro of the iPS cell produced by introduce
- Example 1 the result of having observed the differentiation ability in invitro of the iPS cell produced by introduce
- Example 1 the result of observing the differentiation of iPS cells prepared by introducing 3 factors (Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) into mouse gingival fibroblasts into pulsatile cells (cardiomyocytes) in vitro. Show. It has been confirmed that the cells shown in this figure are beating.
- Example 1 iPS cells prepared by introducing 3 factors (Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) or 4 factors (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) into mouse gingival fibroblasts (6 times) Subcultured gingival fibroblasts) were cultured for 28 days in a bone differentiation-inducing medium supplemented with dexamethasone, ⁇ -glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, and converted into osteoblasts in vitro The result of having observed the differentiation of is shown. The results of double staining of alkaline phosphatase and von Kossa on iPS cells prepared by introducing 3 factors in the upper left and 4 factors in the upper right are shown.
- Example 1 iPS cells (derived using gingival fibroblasts subcultured 6 times) and mouse ES cells into which three factors (Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) were introduced into mouse gingival fibroblasts, The result of having measured the expression of various marker genes is shown.
- mGF indicates mouse gingival fibroblasts
- SNL indicates feeder cells used for culture.
- Example 1 iPS cells in which factor 4 (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) was introduced into mouse gingival fibroblasts (induced using gingival fibroblasts subcultured 6 times; transduced mGF ) And mouse ES cells, the results of measuring the expression of various marker genes are shown.
- mGF indicates mouse gingival fibroblasts
- SNL indicates feeder cells used for culture.
- iPS cells (6 passages) in which 3 factors (Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) or 4 factors (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) were introduced into mouse gingival fibroblasts were used.
- Example 1 (Induction using gingival fibroblasts) shows the results of alkaline phosphatase staining.
- iPS cells (6 passages) in which 3 factors (Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) or 4 factors (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) were introduced into mouse gingival fibroblasts were used.
- Induction using gingival fibroblasts; methylation of cytosine annin dinucleotide (CpG) in promoter region of Nanog and Oct3 / 4 genes of mGF-iPS-3F or 4F), mouse ES cells, and mouse gingival fibroblasts The result of analyzing the state is shown.
- Example 12 black circles indicate CpG sites that are methylated, and white circles indicate CpG sites that are not methylated.
- iPS cells induced using gingival fibroblasts subcultured 6 times
- 3 factors Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4
- 4 factors c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4
- mice iPS cells (induced using gingival fibroblasts subcultured 6 times) in mice.
- Example 3 shows the result of histological analysis of teratoma formed after injection into the testicular medulla by hematoxin and eosin staining.
- Example 1 the result of having evaluated the reprogramming efficiency (induction efficiency to an iPS cell) in a mouse gingival fibroblast (mGF) and a mouse tail origin fibroblast (TTF) is shown.
- A shows four factors (c-Myc, Oct3) on mouse gingival fibroblasts and mouse tail-derived fibroblasts that had been subcultured 4 times (P4), 7 times (P7), and 10 times (P10).
- P4 shows four factors (c-Myc, Oct3) on mouse gingival fibroblasts and mouse tail-derived fibroblasts that had been subcultured 4 times (P4), 7 times (P7), and 10 times (P10).
- Sox, Klf4 shows the results of measuring the establishment efficiency of iPS cells.
- B shows the results of measuring the growth characteristics of mouse gingival fibroblasts and mouse tail-derived fibroblasts that had been subcultured 5 times.
- C shows maintenance of telomeres that contribute to cell proliferation in mouse gingival fibroblasts and mouse tail-derived fibroblasts that have been subcultured 4 times (P4), 5 times (P5), and 6 times (P6). Shows the results of measuring the endogenous expression of the Tert gene necessary for real-time RT-PCR.
- Example 2 the result of having observed the test material at the time of inducing
- A the photograph at the time of extract
- B shows the results of observing human gingival fibroblasts and human gingival epithelial cells grown from human gingival tissue pieces.
- C shows the results of observation of human gingival fibroblasts used for induction into iPS cells.
- D shows the result of observing iPS cells induced by introducing 4 factors (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) into human gingival fibroblasts.
- E and F show the results of observation in a cloned state of iPS cells induced by introducing 4 factors (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) into human gingival fibroblasts.
- G shows the result of observing human ES cells.
- H shows the result of observing iPS cells derived from human skin fibroblasts.
- I shows the results of alkaline phosphatase staining of iPS cells induced by introducing 4 factors (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) into human gingival fibroblasts.
- expression of various marker genes was performed on iPS cells (transduced hGF) and human ES cells prepared by introducing 4 factors (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) into human gingival fibroblasts. The measurement results are shown.
- “hGF” indicates human gingival fibroblasts
- SNL indicates feeder cells used for culture.
- the method for producing iPS cells of the present invention comprises a step of introducing a reprogramming factor capable of inducing somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells to somatic cells derived from oral mucosa.
- a reprogramming factor capable of inducing somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells to somatic cells derived from oral mucosa.
- iPS cells are induced from somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa.
- the somatic cells used in the present invention may be derived from the oral mucosa, but preferably gingival cells are used in order to induce iPS cells with high establishment efficiency.
- the somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa used in the present invention may be any of oral mucosal fibroblasts and oral mucosal epithelial cells, preferably gingival fibroblasts and gingival epithelial cells, more preferably Examples include gingival fibroblasts.
- Oral mucosal fibroblasts, particularly gingival fibroblasts can be induced into iPS cells with high establishment efficiency, and can maintain iPS cell establishment efficiency even after subculture.
- somatic cells induced by iPS cells have reduced establishment efficiency after being subcultured, but oral mucosal fibroblasts are cultured, for example, to about 7-10 passages. Even after this, iPS cells can be induced with high establishment efficiency, and it is very convenient to use, and it can be said that its clinical practicality is extremely high.
- somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa are mammals such as humans, mice, rats, hamsters, rabbits, cats, dogs, sheep, pigs, cows, goats, monkeys, etc. Although it is appropriately selected from those derived from humans, those derived from humans are preferred when used for the purpose of human therapy, development tools for human therapeutics, and the like. Moreover, when using human-derived oral mucosa-derived somatic cells, they may be derived from any of fetuses, infants, children, and adults. When the induced iPS cells are used for human therapeutic purposes, it is desirable to use somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa collected from the patient.
- the somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa to be used can use gingival tissue to be discarded, which is generated by gingival resection or the like during extraction, periodontal treatment, or implant treatment.
- Cell collection from the oral mucosa is, for example, the method reported by Nikawa et al. (Nikawa H, Egusa H, Makihira S, Okamoto T, Kurihara H, Shiba H, Amano H, Murayama T, Yatani H, Hamada T. An in vitro Evaluation of the adhesion of Candidaspecies to oral and lung tissue cells. Mycoses.
- the collected oral mucosal tissue is placed on a tissue culture plate and allowed to stand, and the cells from the oral mucosa are recovered by culturing at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 to recover the cells grown from the tissue. Can be collected.
- the reprogramming factor for inducing somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa into iPS cells is not particularly limited as long as it can induce somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells, but in general, (1) Oct family Examples include a combination of three factors including a gene or gene product thereof, (2) a Sox family gene or gene product thereof, and (3) a Klf family gene or gene product thereof. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of further improving iPS cell establishment efficiency, in addition to the above three factors, it is desirable to combine (4) Myc family genes or gene products thereof.
- DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (5-Azacytidine, 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine) and histone deacetylase inhibitors (valproic acid, trichostatin A, suberolanilide / hydrozamic acid, etc.) It is possible to increase the induction efficiency of iPS cells by the above reprogramming factor by using a low molecular compound such as), and it can also be used as a reprogramming factor only by a combination of low molecular weight compounds.
- a low molecular compound such as
- Oct family includes Oct3 / 4, Oct1A, Oct-6, etc. These Oct families may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. Among these OCT families, Oct3 / 4 is preferably used from the viewpoint of efficient induction into the present iPS cells.
- the base sequence of Oct3 / 4 is known (NCBI accession Number NM_002701 (human), NM_013633 (Mouse)).
- the base sequence of the Oct1A gene NCBI accession Number NM_002697 (human), NM_198934 (Mouse)
- the base sequence of the Oct6 gene NCBI accession Number NM_002699 (human), NM_011141 (Mouse) are also known.
- the Sox family includes Sox1, Sox2, Sox3, Sox7, Sox15, Sox17, and Sox18. These Sox families may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these Sox families, Sox2 is preferably used from the viewpoint of efficient induction into iPS cells.
- the base sequence of the Sox2 gene is known (NCBI accession Number NM_003106 (human), NM_011443 (Mouse)).
- the base sequence of Sox1 gene (NCBI accession Number NM_005986 (human), NM_009233 (Mouse)), the base sequence of Sox3 gene (NCBI accession Number NM_005634 (human), NM_009237 (Mouse)), the base sequence of Sox7 gene (NCBIionaccession Number NM_031439 (human), NM_011446 (Mouse)), Sox15 gene base sequence (NCBI accession Number NM_006942 (human), NM_009235 (Mouse)), Sox17 gene base sequence (NCBI accession Number NM_0022454 (human), NM_011441 (Mouse) ) And the base sequence of the Sox18 gene (NCBI accession Number NM_018419 (human), NM_009236 (Mouse)) are also known.
- the Klf family includes Klf1, Klf2, Klf4, and Klf5. These Klf families may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these Klf families, Klf4 is preferably used from the viewpoint of efficient induction into iPS cells.
- the base sequence of the Klf-4 gene is known (NCBI accession Number-NM_010637 (human), NM_004235 (Mouse)).
- nucleotide sequence of the Klf1 gene (NCBI accession Number NM_006563 (human), NM_010635 (Mouse)
- nucleotide sequence of the Klf2 gene NCBI accession Number NM_016270 (human), NM_008452 (Mouse)
- nucleotide sequence of the Klf5 gene NCBI accession Number NM_001730 (human), NM_009769 (Mouse)
- Myc family includes c-Myc, N-Myc, and L-Myc. These Myc families may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these Myc families, in the present invention, c-Myc and L-Myc are preferably used, and c-Myc is more preferably used.
- c-Myc is known as a transcriptional regulator involved in cell differentiation and proliferation (S. Adhikary, M. Elilers, Nat. Rav. Mol. Cell Biol., 6, pp635-645, 2005), The nucleotide sequence is known (NCBINCaccession Number NM_010849 (human), NM_002467 (Mouse)).
- NCBINCaccession Number NM_005378 human
- NM_008709 human
- NM_008506 Mouse
- the reprogramming factor is commonly present in mammals including humans and can be derived from any mammal, but it is desirable to select it appropriately according to the origin of the somatic cell to be introduced.
- the reprogramming factor is preferably human-derived.
- the reprogramming factor may include several (for example, 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 4) amino acid sequences of the gene product.
- 1 to 3, particularly preferably 1 or 2 amino acids are substituted, deleted, and / or inserted, and have a function equivalent to that of a wild-type gene product, or It may be a mutated gene encoding a mutated gene product.
- the reprogramming factor can be prepared according to a conventional method based on known sequence information.
- cDNA of a target gene can be prepared by extracting RNA from a mammal-derived cell and cloning according to a conventional method.
- the reprogramming factor introduced into somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa can be either a gene (nucleic acid molecule) or a gene product (protein) as long as the somatic cells can be induced into pluripotent stem cells. Although it is good, it is preferably a gene (nucleic acid molecule) from the viewpoint of increasing iPS cell establishment efficiency.
- the introduction of the reprogramming factor into somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa can be carried out according to a known method.
- the reprogramming factor when the reprogramming factor is a gene, the reprogramming factor can be introduced into a somatic cell derived from the oral mucosa by a method usually used in transfection of animal cells.
- the method for introducing the reprogramming factor into somatic cells include a method using a vector; a calcium phosphate method; a lipofection method; an electroporation method; a microinjection method and the like.
- the method using a vector is preferable from the viewpoint of introduction efficiency.
- a viral vector, a non-viral vector, an artificial virus, or the like can be used as the vector. It is preferably used from the viewpoint of safety.
- each gene may each be integrated in a different vector, and two or more types of genes may be integrated in one vector.
- a protein expression vector in which the coding sequence of the reprogramming factor is linked to the coding sequence of 2A peptide can also be used.
- reprogramming factors used for inducing somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa into iPS cells are not limited to those described above, but are not limited to nucleic acids, but are conventionally known reprogramming factors and newly developed reprogramming factors in the future. Program factors are included.
- oral mucosa-derived somatic cells into which the above reprogramming factor has been introduced are able to acquire self-proliferation ability and pluripotency, and are undifferentiated, pluripotent and proliferative ability. It is induced by cells having i (iPS cells). Oral mucosa-derived somatic cells into which the reprogramming factor has been introduced are induced into iPS cells by culturing for about 9 to 15 days. According to the present invention, there is an advantage that the period induced by iPS cells after the reprogramming factor introduction treatment is shorter than that of the prior art, and there is also an advantage that iPS cells can be established in a short period of time.
- iPS cells from somatic cells derived from the oral mucosa that have undergone the reprogramming factor introduction treatment, the presence or absence of cell proliferation ability, iPS cell-specific characteristics, etc. are used as indicators. be able to. Specifically, such iPS cells are selected from cells having proliferative ability, such as cell shape, iPS cell-specific marker genes (eg, Nanog, Eras, Zfp42, endogenous Oct3 / 4, etc.). ) Expression, presence or absence of alkaline phosphatase staining, and presence or absence of teratoma-forming ability in the mouse body.
- proliferative ability such as cell shape, iPS cell-specific marker genes (eg, Nanog, Eras, Zfp42, endogenous Oct3 / 4, etc.).
- iPS cell-specific marker genes eg, Nanog, Eras, Zfp42, endogenous Oct3 / 4, etc.
- the iPS cells thus obtained have the ability to differentiate into various cells such as nerve cells, hepatocytes, smooth muscle cells, osteoblasts, cardiomyocytes as well as self-proliferating ability, epidermal tissue, muscle tissue, Since various tissues such as adipose tissue, nerve tissue, cartilage tissue, bone tissue, intestinal tract-like epithelial tissue can be regenerated, they can be used for various regenerative medical purposes. That is, the iPS cells thus obtained can be used as a cell preparation for regenerative medicine. Furthermore, the iPS cells thus obtained can also be used as a therapeutic drug development tool by evaluating responsiveness to various drugs.
- Example 1 Production and Evaluation of Mouse iPS Cells
- iPS cells were induced from mouse gingival fibroblasts or tail-derived fibroblasts, and the properties of the induced iPS cells were further evaluated. It was.
- MF-start medium Toyobo, Osaka
- FP medium 10% fetal bovine serum (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), 50 units / ml penicillin, 50 ⁇ g / ml streptomycin-containing DMEM (Dulbecco's The culture was continued after changing to a modified Eagle medium without sodium pyruvate (Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto) medium].
- ES ⁇ Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell line and feeder cell>
- a retroviral vector (pMXs-IRES-puro) incorporating mouse c-Myc gene, Oct3 / 4 gene, Sox2 gene or Klf4 gene (cDNA) was purchased from Addgene (Cambridge, MA).
- a retroviral vector (pMX-GFP) incorporating a green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was purchased from Cell Biolabs (San Diego, Calif.) And used.
- Platinum-E packaging cells used for the production of virus particles were those provided by Professor Toshio Kitamura of the University of Tokyo.
- Each plasmid vector (9 ⁇ g) was mixed with a mixed solution of OPTI-MEMI medium (Invitrogen) and FuGENE-6 reagent (Roche, Basel, Switzerland), and the gene was introduced into Platinum-E cells by the lipofection method. After 24 hours, the culture supernatant containing each virus particle was collected and used for retroviral infection (iPS cell induction) of gingival fibroblasts or tail-derived fibroblasts.
- OPTI-MEMI medium Invitrogen
- FuGENE-6 reagent FuGENE-6 reagent
- IPS cell induction 24 hours before transduction by retrovirus infection, 5 ⁇ 10 5 gingival fibroblasts subcultured 4 to 10 times were seeded on 10-cm culture plates treated with 0.1% gelatin and bFGF (final concentration) 3 ng / ml: Peprotech, London, UK).
- IPS cell induction was performed using 4 factors (c-Myc, Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) or 3 factors (Oct3 / 4, Sox, Klf4) excluding c-Myc.
- the virus-containing supernatants of the above 4 factors or 3 factors were mixed so as to finally have an equal volume.
- the transduced fibroblasts were seeded on SNLP76.7-4 feeder cells (2.6 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 ) that had been inactivated by mitomycin C treatment.
- the concentration of seeded cells is 0.1 ⁇ 10 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 3 cells / cm 2 for induction using 4 factors, and 0.7 ⁇ 10 4 to 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells / cm 2 for induction using 3 factors. It was.
- the medium was ES medium (containing 15% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM L-Glutamine, 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 M nonessential amino acids, 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 M 2-mercaptoethanol, 50 U penicillin, and 50 ⁇ g / ml streptomycin DMEM medium), and thereafter the medium was replaced with a fresh one every day.
- ES medium containing 15% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM L-Glutamine, 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 M nonessential amino acids, 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 M 2-mercaptoethanol, 50 U penicillin, and 50 ⁇ g / ml streptomycin DMEM medium
- FIG. 1 and 2 show the results of cell observation when iPS cells were induced from gingival fibroblasts subcultured 6 times by introducing the above 4 or 3 factors.
- Fig. 1 shows the results of observing cells seeded on feeder cells (4 factors introduced; 19 to 26 days after transduction);
- Fig. 2 shows that 3 factors were introduced and induced on feeder cells for 35 to 50 days.
- 11 shows the results of observing 11 cloned iPS cell lines (derived using gingival fibroblasts subcultured 6 times) and mouse ES cells, respectively. From this result, it was clarified that the cells in which the above 4 factors or 3 factors were introduced into gingival fibroblasts showed ES cell-like cell morphology and were induced by iPS cells.
- IPS cells derived from gingival fibroblasts were collected by trypsinization and collected in ES medium Transferred to a low attachment culture dish. Three days later, the agglutinated cells were seeded on a 0.1-well gelatin-coated 12-well tissue culture plate or 8-well glass chamber slide (Nalge Nunc International, Naperville, IL), and further cultured in ES medium for 3 days. went.
- the above cells were fixed with 10% phosphate buffered formalin solution (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan) and phosphorous containing 1% bovine serum albumin and 0.1% toriton-X100. Incubation was carried out in acid buffer solution (PBS) for 20 minutes.
- PBS acid buffer solution
- mice anti-human ⁇ -smooth muscle actin monoclonal antibody 0.05 mol / L; / clone 1A4, Dako, Glostrup, Denmark
- rabbit anti-human ⁇ 1-fetoprotein polyclonal antibody 0.05 mol / L; Dako
- mouse anti-human ⁇ -III tubulin monoclonal antibody 0.5 ⁇ g / ml; clone TU-20, Millipore, Temecula, CA
- control IgG 0.5 ⁇ g / ml
- iPS cells derived from gingival fibroblasts were used for fluorescence under the same conditions as above. Immunostaining was performed. The results are shown in FIG. From this result, even iPS cells obtained by introducing 4 factors into cells expressing ⁇ -III tublin (neuronal cells), ⁇ -fetoprotein (hepatocytes), ⁇ -smooth muscle actin (smooth muscle cells) proteins Of three germ layer cells were confirmed.
- iPS cells in 12-well tissue culture plates iPS cells obtained by introducing factor 3 or factor 4: derived from gingival fibroblasts that were subcultured 6 times
- 0.1 ⁇ M dexamethasone 10 mM ⁇ -glycerophosphate and 50 ⁇ M ascorbic acid-2-phosphate (Sigma) were added and cultured in a bone differentiation induction medium.
- Alkaline phosphatase and von Kossa double staining were performed to detect alkaline phosphatase activity, an osteoblast marker, and calcification of extracellular matrix.
- the results are shown in FIG. From this result, it was also found that the iPS cells prepared above have an alkaline phosphatase activity and have the ability to differentiate into cells (osteoblasts) exhibiting calcification.
- RNA obtained from mouse gingival fibroblasts or feeder cells used for culturing iPS cells was used for RT-PCR analysis.
- Total RNA was extracted using RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany). After DNase I (Ambion, Austin, TX) treatment, cDNA was synthesized from 1 ⁇ g of total RNA using Super Script III reverse transcriptase (Invitogen, Carlsbad, Calif.).
- the cDNA target was amplified by PCR using Taq DNA polymerase (Promega, Madison, Wis.) According to the recommended method.
- the PCR primer pairs used are shown in Table 1 below. PCR products were subjected to 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining, and visualized under ultraviolet illumination (Dolphin-View Image System: Wealtec, Sparks, NV).
- the expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) mRNA was used as an internal control.
- the result is shown in FIG.
- the iPS cells produced above were confirmed to be positive for alkaline phosphatase, which is a marker for ES cells.
- iPS cells iPS cells obtained by introducing factor 3 or factor 4: induced using gingival fibroblasts subcultured 6 times
- mouse ES cells were suspended for 3 days and then suspended.
- Cell bodies embryoid bodies
- genomic DNA was isolated from these cell masses and mouse gingival fibroblasts.
- CpG cytosine anine dinucleotide
- mice were bred under conditions free from specific pathogens and allowed to drink and feed freely. After 7-10 weeks, the mice were perfused with PBS, then perfused with a fixed solution containing 1% paraformaldehyde and 1.25% glutaraldehyde, and the teratomas formed in the mouse testis were removed for histological analysis. went. After embedding the sample in paraffin, sections having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m were prepared and stained with hematoxin and eosin (H & E).
- gingival tissues and tail tissues were collected from the same 10-week-old male male C57BL / 6J mice, and the above Under the same conditions, gingival fibroblasts and tail-derived fibroblasts were obtained.
- the resulting gingival fibroblasts and tail-derived fibroblasts were treated with FP medium [DMEM (Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium containing 10% fetal calf serum (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), 50 units / ml penicillin, 50 ⁇ g / ml streptomycin) without sodium pyruvate (Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto) medium].
- DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium containing 10% fetal calf serum (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), 50 units / ml penicillin, 50 ⁇ g / ml streptomycin
- IPS cells were induced. Confirmation of induction in iPS cells was performed by alkaline phosphatase staining along with observation of ES cell-like morphology. The reprogramming efficiency to iPS cells was calculated as the ratio (%) of the number of colonies of iPS cells to the number of cells subjected to transformation.
- FIG. 15A The obtained results are shown in FIG.
- the right figure of A of FIG. 15 shows the reprogramming efficiency at the time of being induced
- FP medium 10% fetal calf serum (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), 50 units / ml penicillin, 50 ⁇ g / ml streptomycin Containing DMEM (Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium without sodium pyruvate: Kyoto) medium
- DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium without sodium pyruvate: Kyoto
- Example 2 Production and Evaluation of Human iPS Cells Using the experimental materials and conditions shown below, iPS cells were induced from human gingival fibroblasts, and the properties of the induced iPS cells were further evaluated.
- ⁇ IPS cells derived from human embryonic stem (ES) cell lines and human skin fibroblasts > Human skin fibroblasts, human embryonic stem (ES) cell line (KhES-1, passage number 35), and iPS cells established from human skin fibroblasts were provided by the Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Kyoto University. It was. Human ES cells were handled according to the guidelines for the use of human ES cells established by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. SNL feeder cells used were provided by Dr. Allan Bradley (Sanger Institute, London, UK).
- ⁇ Retrovirus particle production In introducing the four factors by retroviral infection, a mouse llc6a1 expression lentiviral vector (pLenti6 / UbC / mSlc7a1 vector) was expressed in human gingival fibroblasts and human skin fibroblasts in advance. In this, first, 4 ⁇ 10 6 293FT cells (Invitrogen) were added to 293FT medium [10% fetal calf serum (Sigma, St.
- Retroviral vectors incorporating human c-Myc gene, Oct3 / 4 gene, Sox2 gene or Klf4 gene (cDNA) were purchased from Addgene (Cambridge, MA). Platinum-E packaging cells used for the production of virus particles were those provided by Professor Toshio Kitamura of the University of Tokyo.
- Each plasmid vector (9 ⁇ g) was mixed with a mixed solution of OPTI-MEMI medium (Invitrogen) and FuGENE-6 reagent (Roche, Basel, Switzerland), and the gene was introduced into Platinum-E cells by the lipofection method. After 48 hours, the culture supernatant containing each virus particle was collected and used for retroviral infection (iPS cell induction) of gingival fibroblasts or skin-derived fibroblasts.
- OPTI-MEMI medium Invitrogen
- FuGENE-6 reagent FuGENE-6 reagent
- IPS cell induction 24 hours before transduction by retroviral infection, 8 ⁇ 10 5 gingival fibroblasts or human skin fibroblasts were seeded on 10-mm culture plates treated with 0.1% gelatin, and FP medium [10% fetal bovine Serum (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), 50 units / ml penicillin, 50 ⁇ g / ml streptomycin-containing DMEM (Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium without sodium pyruvate: Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto) medium].
- IPS cell induction using 4 factors was performed.
- the virus-containing supernatants of the above four factors were mixed in an equal amount.
- a solution obtained by adding polybrene (final concentration: 4 ⁇ g / ml) to this mixed solution was replaced with the medium of each fibroblast and cultured overnight at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 .
- the culture supernatant was aspirated and removed every day for 5 days from the next day and replaced with fresh FP medium.
- 5 ⁇ 10 4 fibroblasts were seeded on SNL feeder cells (1.5 ⁇ 10 6 cells) that had been inactivated by mitomycin C treatment and seeded on 10-cm culture plates. .
- ES cell line On the next day, the medium was replaced with Prime ES medium (ReproCELL), and the medium was replaced with a fresh one once every two days thereafter. Several ES cell-like colonies that emerged 15 to 26 days after transduction were selected and subcultured, and among the cloned colonies, colony cell lines that showed ES cell-like morphology and proliferative ability were selected. iPS cell line.
- iPS cell-like colonies were formed in the human gingival fibroblasts into which the four factors were introduced (see D in FIG. 16). On the other hand, under these conditions, iPS cell-like colonies were hardly formed in skin fibroblasts into which the four factors had been introduced.
- five clonal strains were obtained by mechanically peeling and subculturing iPS cell-like colonies derived from human gingival fibroblasts 26 days after transduction (see E and F in FIG. 16). The colonies proliferated and showed the same morphology and proliferation characteristics as human ES cells (see G in FIG. 16) and iPS cells established from human skin fibroblasts (see H in FIG. 16). It was also confirmed that ES cell-like colonies derived from human gingival fibroblasts have a strong activity of alkaline phosphatase, which is a marker for ES cells (see I in FIG. 16).
- RT-PCR Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
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Abstract
Description
項2. 口腔粘膜由来の体細胞が、口腔粘膜由来の線維芽細胞である、項1に記載の製造方法。
項3. 口腔粘膜由来の体細胞が、歯肉由来の線維芽細胞である、項1に記載の製造方法。
項4. 体細胞を多能性幹細胞に誘導可能な再プログラム因子が、Octファミリー遺伝子、Soxファミリー遺伝子、及びklfファミリー遺伝子を含む、項1に記載の製造方法。
項5. 体細胞を多能性幹細胞に誘導可能な再プログラム因子が、更にMycファミリー遺伝子を含む、項4に記載の製造方法。
項6. 口腔粘膜由来の体細胞に対して、体細胞を多能性幹細胞に誘導可能な再プログラム因子を導入することにより得られる、誘導多能性幹細胞。
項7. 口腔粘膜由来の体細胞が、口腔粘膜由来の線維芽細胞である、項6に記載誘導多能性幹細胞。
項8. 口腔粘膜由来の体細胞が、歯肉由来の線維芽細胞である、項6に記載誘導多能性幹細胞。
項9. 細胞を多能性幹細胞に誘導可能な再プログラム因子がOctファミリー遺伝子、Soxファミリー遺伝子、及びklfファミリー遺伝子を含む、項6に記載の誘導多能性幹細胞。
項10. 体細胞を多能性幹細胞に誘導可能な再プログラム因子が、更にMycファミリー遺伝子を含む、項9に記載の誘導多能性幹細胞。
項11. 項6乃至10のいずれかに記載の誘導多能性幹細胞を含む、再生医療用の細胞製剤。
実施例1 マウスiPS細胞の作製及び評価
以下に示す実験材料及び条件で、マウス歯肉線維芽細胞又は尾部由来線維芽細胞からiPS細胞の誘導を行い、更に誘導されたiPS細胞の特性の評価を行った。
10週齡雄C57BL/6Jマウスより口腔粘膜歯肉組織及び尾部組織を採取した。これら組織片をそれぞれ0.1%ゼラチンコート処理した組織培養プレート上に密着させて置き、MF-start培地(Toyobo,大阪)を組織片が覆われる程度に加えて5%CO2存在下、37℃で静置した。組織片から線維芽細胞が十分に生育した時点で組織片を取り除くことにより線維芽細胞を得て、2~3日おきに新しい培地に交換した。細胞が70%コンフルエントに達した時点で継代培養し、培地をFP培地〔10%ウシ胎仔血清(Sigma, St. Louis, MO),50 units/ml penicillin,50 μg/ml streptomycin含有DMEM(Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium without sodium pyruvate: ナカライテスク,京都)培地〕に交換して培養を続けた。
マウス胚性幹(ES)細胞株(AB2.2)及びSNLP76.7-4フィーダー細胞は、Dr. Allan Bradley(Sanger Institute,London, UK)より供与されたものを用いた。
マウスc-Myc遺伝子、Oct3/4遺伝子、Sox2遺伝子又はKlf4遺伝子(cDNA)を組み込んだレトロウイルスベクター(pMXs-IRES-puro)はAddgene(Cambridge, MA)から購入した。また、レトロウイルスベクターの導入効率を確認するために,緑色蛍光蛋白質(GFP)遺伝子を組み込んだレトロウイルスベクター(pMX-GFP)をCell Biolabs(San Diego, CA)から購入し、用いた。ウイルス粒子の産生に用いるPlatinum-Eパッケージング細胞は、東京大学の北村俊雄教授より供与されたものを用いた。
レトロウイルス感染による形質導入24時間前に、4~10回継代培養した5×105 個の歯肉線維芽細胞を、0.1%ゼラチンコート処理した10-cm培養プレートに播種し、bFGF(最終濃度3 ng/ml:Peprotech, London, UK)含有FP培地で培養した。4因子(c-Myc,Oct3/4,Sox,Klf4)又はc-Mycを除いた3因子(Oct3/4,Sox,Klf4)を用いたiPS細胞誘導を実施した。iPS細胞誘導には、上記4因子又は3因子の各ウイルス含有上清を最終的に等量になるよう混合した。GFPを用いた場合には、(c-Myc,)Oct3/4,Sox,Klf4,GFPが(1:)1:1:1:3の比率となるように混合した。この混合液にpolybrene(最終濃度4 μg/ml)及びbFGF(最終濃度10 ng/ml)を添加した溶液を各線維芽細胞の培地と置換し、5%CO2存在下,37℃で一晩培養した。翌日及びその2日後に培養上清を吸引除去し、bFGF(最終濃度3 ng/ml)含有FP培地と交換した。形質導入4日後に、mitomycin C処理により増殖を不活性化したSNLP76.7-4フィーダー細胞上(2.6 x 104個/cm2)に、形質導入を行った線維芽細胞を播種した。播種した細胞の濃度は,4因子を用いた誘導では0.1×103~1×103個/cm2,3因子を用いた誘導では0.7×104~1×104個/cm2を用いた。翌日、培地をES培地(15%ウシ胎児血清,2 mM L-Glutamine,1×10-4 M nonessential amino acids,1×10-4M 2-mercaptoethanol, 50 U penicillin, and 50 μg/ml streptomycin含有DMEM培地)に置換し、以後毎日培地を新鮮なものに交換した。形質導入後(4因子を後板誘導の場合;9~21日間、3因子を用いた誘導の場合;35~50日間)に出現したいくつかのES細胞様の形態のコロニーを選択して継代培養し、クローン化したコロニーの中で特にES細胞様の形態および増殖能を示すコロニー細胞株をiPS細胞株とした。
同一の10週齡雄マウス固体の歯肉あるいは尾部から同時に分離培養した歯肉線維芽細胞及び尾部由来線維芽細胞を並行して6回継代培養した。これらの細胞を6ウェル培養プレートに1×104~2×104 cells/wellの濃度で播種し、上記の4因子を用いたiPS細胞誘導を上記と同条件で行った。形質導入後に出現した細胞コロニーをcrystal violet染色にて検出し、ES細胞様コロニー数を比較検討した。
歯肉線維芽細胞から誘導したiPS細胞(3因子を導入して得られたiPS細胞:6回継代培養した歯肉線維芽細胞を使用して誘導)を、トリプシン処理を行って採取し、ES培地を含むlow attachment培養ディッシュに移した。3日後、凝集した細胞を0.1%ゼラチンコート処理した12ウェル組織培養プレート、又は8ウェルのガラス製チャンバースライド(Nalge Nunc International, Naperville, IL)に播種し、更に3日間ES培地中にて培養を行った。
フィーダー細胞上に播種して3日目のiPS細胞(3因子又は4因子を導入して得られたiPS細胞:6回継代培養した歯肉線維芽細胞を使用して誘導)、マウスES細胞、マウス歯肉線維芽細胞、又はiPS細胞の培養に使用したフィーダー細胞から得られた全RNAをRT-PCR解析に使用した。全RNAをRNeasy Mini Kit(QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany)を用いて抽出した。DNase I(Ambion, Austin, TX)処理の後、Super Script III逆転写酵素(Invitogen, Carlsbad, CA)を用いて、1μgの全RNAからcDNAを合成した。推奨される方法に従い、Taq DNAポリメラーゼ(Promega, Madison, WI)を用いて、このcDNAターゲットをPCRで増幅した。使用したPCRプライマー対を下記表1に示す。PCR産物を、1.5%アガロースゲル電気泳動とエチジウムブロミド染色処理を行い、紫外線照明のもとで可視化した(Dolphin-View Image System: Wealtec, Sparks, NV)。グリセルアルデヒド-3-リン酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(GAPDH)mRNAの発現を内部コントロールとして用いた。
3因子又は4因子を導入してそれぞれ50日間又は20日間誘導したiPS細胞クローン株(6回継代培養した歯肉線維芽細胞を使用して誘導)に対して、アルカリフォスファターゼによる染色を行った。
iPS細胞(3因子又は4因子を導入して得られたiPS細胞:6回継代培養した歯肉線維芽細胞を使用して誘導)、及びマウスES細胞をそれぞれ3日間浮遊培養した後、浮遊している細胞塊(embryoid body)を回収し、これらの細胞塊、及びマウス歯肉線維芽細胞からゲノムDNAを単離した。これらのゲノムDNAを使用し、Nanog及びOct3/4遺伝子のプロモータ領域におけるシトシングアニンジヌクレオチド(CpG)のメチル化状態をBisulfite sequencing法により分析した。Nanog及びOct3/4遺伝子のプロモータ領域及びCpG lociに関する情報は、Transcriptional Start Site (DBTSS Ver. 7.0: http://dbtss.hgc.jp/)のデータベースから取得した。バイサルファイト処理は、EpiTect Bisulfite kit(Qiagen)を用いて行った。Bisulfite PCRプライマーは、表2のものを使用した。増幅産物を、pGEM-T Easy Vector (Promega)を用いてサブクローニングを行った。5つのクローンをランダムに選択し、各PCR増幅産物についてSP6フォワード及びリバースプライマーでDNA塩基配列の解析を行った。
8週齢のSCIDマウス(C.B-17; 日本クレア, 東京, 日本)をジエチルエーテル及び10倍希釈したネンブタール(大日本住友製薬, 大阪, 日本)の腹腔内投与(体重100 g につき0.1 ml)により麻酔した。冷却したハンクス平衡塩液(Hank’s balanced salt solution)(Gibco)にiPS細胞(3因子及び4因子を導入して得られたiPS細胞:3回継代培養)を懸濁した、細胞懸濁液(0.2~0.5×106cells/精巣)20μlを、ハミルトンシリンジを用いてマウスの精巣髄質に注射した。その後、マウスを特定病原体未感染の条件のもと、飲水及び摂食が自由な状態で飼育した。7~10週間後、マウスをPBSで灌流した後、1%パラホルムアルデヒド及び1.25%グルタルアルデヒドを含有する固定溶液で灌流を行い、マウス精巣に形成されたテラトーマを摘出して、組織学的解析を行った。試料をパラフィン包埋した後、3 μmの厚さの切片を作製し、ヘマトキシン及びエオシン(H&E)染色を行った。
歯肉線維芽細胞と尾部由来線維芽細胞における再プログラミング効率(iPS細胞への誘導効率)を比較するために、同一の10週齡雄C57BL/6Jマウスから、歯肉組織及び尾部組織を採取し、上記と同条件で歯肉線維芽細胞及び尾部由来線維芽細胞を得た。得られた歯肉線維芽細胞及び尾部由来線維芽細胞をFP培地〔10%ウシ胎仔血清(Sigma, St. Louis, MO),50 units/ml penicillin,50 μg/ml streptomycin含有DMEM(Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium without sodium pyruvate: ナカライテスク,京都)培地〕にて継代培養を続けた。
以下に示す実験材料及び条件で、ヒト歯肉線維芽細胞からiPS細胞の誘導を行い、更に誘導されたiPS細胞の特性の評価を行った。
大阪大学歯学部の施設内倫理委員会によって承認されたプロトコールに従って、24歳男性の歯科インプラント外科手術の際に摘出された健常なヒト歯肉組織片を得た(図16のA参照)。このヒト歯肉組織片を細切した後、0.1%ゼラチンコート処理した組織培養プレート上に密着させて置き、FP培地〔10%ウシ胎仔血清(Sigma, St. Louis, MO),50 units/ml penicillin,50 μg/ml streptomycin含有DMEM(Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium without sodium pyruvate: ナカライテスク,京都)培地〕を組織片が覆われる程度に加えて5%CO2存在下、37℃で静置し、線維芽細胞と上皮細胞を増殖させた(図16のB参照)。FP培地中では上皮細胞は分化して増殖が停止し剥離除去されるため、この培地を用いて継代培養を行うことにより、均質なヒト歯肉線維芽細胞を得た(図16のC参照)。
ヒト皮膚線維芽細胞、ヒト胚性幹(ES)細胞株(KhES-1、継代回数35)、及びヒト皮膚線維芽細胞から樹立されたiPS細胞は、京都大学再生医科学研究所から供与された。ヒトES細胞は、日本国文部科学省が定めたヒトES細胞の利用に関するガイドラインに従って取り扱った。SNLフィーダー細胞は、Dr. Allan Bradley(Sanger Institute,London, UK)より供与されたものを用いた。
レトロウイルス感染による4因子導入を行うにあたり、予めヒト歯肉線維芽細胞及びヒト皮膚線維芽細胞にマウスSlc7a1発現用レンチウイルスベクター(pLenti6/UbC/mSlc7a1ベクター)を発現させた。これにあたり、先ず、4 x 106個の293FT細胞(Invitrogen社)を293FT培地〔10%ウシ胎仔血清(Sigma, St. Louis, MO),2mM L-glutamine(Invitrogen社),1x10-4 M non essential amino acids(Invitrogen社),1 mM sodium pyruvate(Sigma社),50 units/ml penicillin,50 μg/ml streptomycin(Invitrogen社)含有DMEM培地(Nacalai tesque社)〕にて10-cm培養プレートに播種した。翌日に3 μgのpLenti6/UbC/mSlc7a1ベクター(Addgeneより購入)を、Virapower Lentiviral expression system(Invitrogen社)あるいはLipofectamine2000(Invitrogen社)とOPTI-MEMI培地(Invitrogen)の混合溶液を用いて293FT細胞に導入した。遺伝子導入の24時間後に新しい293FT培地に交換し、さらに24時間後に培養上清を回収した。
レトロウイルス感染による形質導入24時間前に、歯肉線維芽細胞又はヒト皮膚線維芽細胞を、0.1%ゼラチンコート処理した10-mm培養プレートに8×105個播種し、FP培地〔10%ウシ胎仔血清(Sigma, St. Louis, MO),50 units/ml penicillin,50 μg/ml streptomycin含有DMEM(Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium without sodium pyruvate: ナカライテスク,京都)培地〕で培養した。4因子(c-Myc,Oct3/4,Sox,Klf4)を用いたiPS細胞誘導を実施した。iPS細胞誘導には、上記4因子の各ウイルス含有上清を最終的に等量になるよう混合した。この混合液にpolybrene(最終濃度4 μg/ml)を添加した溶液を各線維芽細胞の培地と置換し、5%CO2存在下,37℃で一晩培養した。翌日から5日間、毎日培養上清を吸引除去し、新しいFP培地と交換した。レトロウイルス感染6日後に、mitomycin C処理により増殖を不活性化して10-cm培養プレートに播種したSNLフィーダー細胞(1.5 x 106個)上に、各線維芽細胞を5×104個播種した。翌日、培地をPrimate ES培地(ReproCELL社)に置換し、以後二日に1回培地を新鮮なものに交換した。形質導入15~26日後に出現したいくつかのES細胞様の形態のコロニーを選択して継代培養し、クローン化したコロニーの中で特にES細胞様の形態および増殖能を示すコロニー細胞株をiPS細胞株とした。
上記により得られた5つのiPS細胞クローン株(4因子をヒト歯肉線維芽細胞に導入して得られたiPS細胞)、ヒトES細胞、ヒト歯肉線維芽細胞又はiPS細胞の培養に使用したフィーダー細胞から得られた全RNAをRT-PCR解析に使用した。RT-PCR解析には、表3に示すプライマーを使用して、上記実施例1と同様の手法で行った。
Claims (11)
- 口腔粘膜由来の体細胞に対して、体細胞を多能性幹細胞に誘導可能な再プログラム因子を導入する工程を含む、誘導多能性幹細胞の製造方法。
- 口腔粘膜由来の体細胞が、口腔粘膜由来の線維芽細胞である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 口腔粘膜由来の体細胞が、歯肉由来の線維芽細胞である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 体細胞を多能性幹細胞に誘導可能な再プログラム因子が、Octファミリー遺伝子、Soxファミリー遺伝子、及びklfファミリー遺伝子を含む、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 体細胞を多能性幹細胞に誘導可能な再プログラム因子が、更にMycファミリー遺伝子を含む、請求項4に記載の製造方法。
- 口腔粘膜由来の体細胞に対して、体細胞を多能性幹細胞に誘導可能な再プログラム因子を導入することにより得られる、誘導多能性幹細胞。
- 口腔粘膜由来の体細胞が、口腔粘膜由来の線維芽細胞である、請求項6に記載誘導多能性幹細胞。
- 口腔粘膜由来の体細胞が、歯肉由来の線維芽細胞である、請求項6に記載誘導多能性幹細胞。
- 細胞を多能性幹細胞に誘導可能な再プログラム因子がOctファミリー遺伝子、Soxファミリー遺伝子、及びklfファミリー遺伝子を含む、請求項6に記載の誘導多能性幹細胞。
- 体細胞を多能性幹細胞に誘導可能な再プログラム因子が、更にMycファミリー遺伝子を含む、請求項9に記載の誘導多能性幹細胞。
- 請求項6乃至10のいずれかに記載の誘導多能性幹細胞を含む、再生医療用の細胞製剤。
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WO2013100080A1 (ja) | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | iPS細胞の腫瘍化を抑制することが可能な分化誘導方法 |
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