WO2010125971A1 - 磁気記録媒体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
磁気記録媒体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
- G11B5/84—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing record carriers
- G11B5/855—Coating only part of a support with a magnetic layer
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- the present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a magnetic recording medium such as a hard disk has been remarkably improved in surface recording density by improving magnetic particles forming a recording layer and improving head processing.
- the magnetic film of the recording layer in the conventional magnetic recording medium is a continuous film formed in a planar shape, if the recording bits are miniaturized in order to increase the surface recording density, the magnetic recording information between adjacent recording bits Interfering with each other, there is a problem that the reliability of recorded information decreases. For this reason, there is a limit in improving the surface recording density by miniaturizing the recording bits.
- patterned media type magnetic recording media such as discrete track media and discrete bit media in which the recording layer is formed in a concavo-convex pattern are used.
- patterned media type magnetic recording media such as discrete track media and discrete bit media in which the recording layer is formed in a concavo-convex pattern are used.
- the surface of the medium needs to be flattened in order to stabilize the flying height of the head slider, and for this purpose, a nonmagnetic material is formed on the recording layer of the concavo-convex pattern. It is necessary to fill the recess.
- a deposition technique such as sputtering can be used.
- the nonmagnetic material grows reflecting the height difference of the original uneven pattern as it is. For this reason, even if the concave portion is filled with the nonmagnetic material, the height difference of the original concave / convex pattern remains on the medium surface, and a long time is required for the subsequent flattening operation. Further, in the conventional film formation by sputtering or the like, it is necessary to completely fill the concave portions of the uneven pattern with a nonmagnetic material, and the film formation operation requires time and cost. Furthermore, in the conventional film formation by sputtering or the like, the film formation operation and the planarization operation may need to be repeated many times, and the operation process becomes complicated.
- the present invention solves the above-described problem, and a method for producing a magnetic recording medium capable of efficiently producing a magnetic recording medium having a recording layer formed with a concavo-convex pattern and having a sufficiently flat surface and good recording / reproducing accuracy. Is to provide.
- the disclosed method for manufacturing a magnetic recording medium includes a step of forming a magnetic layer on a base material, a step of forming a concave portion penetrating the magnetic layer, and forming a recording layer having an uneven pattern of the magnetic layer; A step of forming a film of an oxidizing material or a nitriding material on the inner surface of the concave portion while leaving a space in the concave portion; and oxidizing or nitriding the formed material to form the space with an oxidizing material or a nitriding material. A filling step, and a step of removing and planarizing the excess oxide material or nitride material on the recording layer.
- a magnetic recording medium having a recording layer formed with a concavo-convex pattern and having a sufficiently flat surface and good recording / reproducing accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a first process cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the manufacturing process of the magnetic recording medium of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a second process cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the manufacturing process of the magnetic recording medium of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a third process cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the manufacturing process of the magnetic recording medium of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a fourth process cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the manufacturing process of the magnetic recording medium of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a fifth process cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the manufacturing process of the magnetic recording medium of the present invention. 6 is an SPM cross-sectional view of the recording layer of Example 1.
- FIG. 7 is an SPM cross-sectional view of the recording layer of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the height difference of the concavo-convex pattern of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 and the CMP planarization work time.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the height difference of the concavo-convex pattern of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 and the CMP planarization work time.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the height difference of the concavo-convex pattern of Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 and the CMP planarization work time.
- An example of a method for producing a magnetic recording medium of the present invention includes a step of forming a magnetic layer on a base material, and forming a concave portion penetrating the magnetic layer to form a recording layer having a concave / convex pattern of the magnetic layer.
- the formed material is oxidized or nitrided and expanded.
- the recess can be filled with a nonmagnetic material. Therefore, the reflection of the height difference of the original uneven pattern can be suppressed as small as possible, and the recess can be filled with the nonmagnetic material, and the subsequent planarization operation can be efficiently performed in a short time.
- the oxidizing material and the nitriding material are preferably at least one metal selected from the group consisting of tantalum, aluminum, tungsten, chromium and silicon. This is because these metals expand when oxidized or nitrided, and the recesses can be filled with a nonmagnetic material while absorbing the height difference of the original uneven pattern.
- the minimum film thickness of the formed material from the bottom surface of the concave portion depends on the oxidation or nitriding of the material to the total height of the concave portion. It is preferable that the value obtained by multiplying the reciprocal of the maximum expansion rate is a lower limit value and that the lower limit is less than the total height of the recesses. Thereby, the said recessed part can be reliably filled with a nonmagnetic material.
- An example of the magnetic recording medium of the present invention includes a recording layer having a concavo-convex pattern of a magnetic layer.
- the recording layer has a recess penetrating the magnetic layer, and the recess is filled with a nonmagnetic material to form a nonmagnetic layer.
- the nonmagnetic material includes a nonmagnetic metal and the nonmagnetic material.
- the recording layer is formed in a concavo-convex pattern, and the concave portion of the concavo-convex pattern is filled with a non-magnetic material. Interference can be prevented. Thereby, it is possible to improve the surface recording density while maintaining the reliability of the recorded information.
- the disclosed magnetic recording medium can be efficiently manufactured by the magnetic recording medium manufacturing method disclosed above.
- nonmagnetic metal at least one metal selected from the group consisting of tantalum, aluminum, tungsten, chromium, and silicon can be used.
- the nonmagnetic layer includes a first nonmagnetic layer made of the nonmagnetic metal and a second nonmagnetic layer made of an oxide or nitride of the nonmagnetic metal, and the first nonmagnetic layer comprises: You may arrange
- the concentration of the oxygen element or the nitrogen element contained in the nonmagnetic material filled in the recess may increase upward from the bottom surface side of the recess.
- FIG. 1 to 5 are process sectional views schematically showing an example of the manufacturing process of the magnetic recording medium of the present invention.
- a base metal layer 11 and a magnetic layer 12 are laminated on a nonmagnetic substrate 10 by sputtering or the like.
- the nonmagnetic substrate 10 is not particularly limited as long as it is formed of a nonmagnetic material, and for example, a glass substrate, a silicon substrate, a nonmagnetic metal substrate, a ceramic substrate, a carbon substrate, a resin substrate, or the like can be used.
- the thickness of the nonmagnetic substrate is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 0.1 to 0.6 mm.
- Examples of the metal used for the base metal layer 11 include Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Te, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Al, Si, or an alloy thereof can be used.
- the underlying metal layer is effective in controlling the crystallinity and flatness of the magnetic layer, and is preferably provided for increasing the recording density of the medium. However, when the underlying metal layer 11 is not provided, the nonmagnetic substrate 10 is provided.
- the magnetic layer 12 may be formed directly on the substrate.
- the thickness of the base metal layer is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 30 to 200 nm.
- the magnetic material used for the magnetic layer 12 for example, PtCo, SmCo, FeCo or the like can be used.
- the thickness of the magnetic layer is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 5 to 30 nm.
- a recess 13 penetrating the magnetic layer 12 is formed by dry etching or the like to form a recording layer having a concavo-convex pattern of the magnetic layer 12.
- a first nonmagnetic film 14 is formed by depositing a nonmagnetic metal on the inner surface of the recess 13 by sputtering with high directivity.
- the minimum film thickness Tmin from the bottom surface of the recess 13 of the first nonmagnetic film 14 is lower than a value obtained by multiplying the total height Tmax of the recess 13 by the reciprocal of the maximum expansion coefficient due to oxidation or nitridation of the nonmagnetic metal.
- the value is set within a range having an upper limit of less than the total height Tmax of the recess 13. In this case, since it is not necessary to completely fill the recess 13 with the first nonmagnetic film 14, the film formation time can be shortened.
- the nonmagnetic metal of the first nonmagnetic film 14 is oxidized or nitrided by dry etching such as reactive ion etching (RIE) using oxygen gas or nitrogen gas.
- RIE reactive ion etching
- the second nonmagnetic film 15 is formed outside the first nonmagnetic film 14.
- the recess 13 is filled with the first nonmagnetic film 14 made of a nonmagnetic metal and the second nonmagnetic film 15 made of a nonmagnetic metal oxide or nitride.
- the second nonmagnetic film 15 isotropically grows, the unevenness of the unevenness of the surface 15a of the second nonmagnetic film 15 which is the outermost surface is higher than the unevenness of the uneven pattern of the original recording layer. Become smaller.
- the implementation conditions such as RIE can be appropriately set according to the type of nonmagnetic metal.
- the nonmagnetic metal may be any nonmagnetic metal that expands by oxidation or nitridation, and Ta, Al, W, Cr, Si, or an alloy thereof is particularly preferable.
- the maximum expansion coefficient due to oxidation of Ta is about twice, and if the first nonmagnetic film 14 made of Ta is formed at least from the bottom surface of the recess 13 to a depth of about 1/2, the recess 13 after the oxidation becomes It is completely filled with a non-magnetic material containing Ta and Ta 2 O 5 .
- the film formation time of the first nonmagnetic film 14 can also be reduced to about half compared with the case where the recess 13 is completely filled with the first nonmagnetic film 14.
- the formation depth of the first nonmagnetic film 14 in the recess 13 is set to a depth less than about 1/2 from the bottom surface of the recess 13 by increasing the etching time of RIE or increasing the oxygen gas pressure. You can also.
- the bias power is preferably about 250 W or less. This is because when the bias power exceeds 250 W, the physical etching effect is increased by oxygen gas ions, and the growth rate of the Ta oxide film tends to be slow.
- CMP Chemical Mechanical Polishing
- the magnetic recording medium manufactured by the above manufacturing method includes a recording layer having a concavo-convex pattern of the magnetic layer 12 as shown in FIG. 5, and the recess 13 penetrating the magnetic layer 12 includes a nonmagnetic metal, A nonmagnetic material containing an oxide or nitride of a nonmagnetic metal is filled.
- the first nonmagnetic film 14 and the second nonmagnetic film 15 are not completely separated as described above.
- a nonmagnetic material filled in the recess 13 is used.
- a gradient material structure is employed in which the concentration of the oxygen element or nitrogen element contained in is increased upward from the bottom surface side of the recess 13. In such a case, the concentration of oxygen element or nitrogen element can be measured by a fluorescent X-ray analysis (XRF) apparatus or the like.
- XRF fluorescent X-ray analysis
- Example 1 A magnetic recording medium was produced as follows. First, a base metal layer made of Ta, Pt, and Ru having a total thickness of 30 nm was formed on a glass substrate having a thickness of 0.6 mm by sputtering. Next, a magnetic layer made of PtCo having a thickness of 10 nm was formed on the base metal layer by sputtering.
- a cylindrical concave portion having a depth of 25 nm and a diameter of 18 nm penetrating the magnetic layer was formed by dry etching to form a convex recording layer having a concave and convex pattern of the magnetic layer.
- Ta was formed on the inner surface of the recess by sputtering with high directivity, and a Ta film was formed from the bottom of the recess to a depth of about 12 nm.
- the Ta film was oxidized and expanded by RIE using oxygen gas.
- FIG. 6 shows an SPM cross-sectional view of the recording layer.
- planarization work was performed by CMP to obtain a magnetic recording medium of this example.
- the height difference of the concavo-convex pattern was confirmed by SPM, and the planarization was performed until the height difference of the concavo-convex pattern reached 0 nm.
- Comparative Example 1 Except that Ta is formed on the inner surface of the concave portion of the recording layer having the concavo-convex pattern by sputtering with high directivity, the concave portion is almost completely filled with the Ta film, and then RIE using oxygen gas is not performed. In the same manner as in Example 1, a magnetic recording medium of this comparative example was produced.
- the height difference of the concavo-convex pattern of the recording layer after filling the concave portion with Ta was measured by SPM, and as a result, it was about 25 nm.
- FIG. 7 shows an SPM cross-sectional view of the recording layer.
- FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the height difference of the concavo-convex pattern of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 and the CMP planarization time.
- Example 1 the CMP planarization time can be shortened to about 1/3 compared to Comparative Example 1.
- Example 2 A magnetic recording medium of this example was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Al was used instead of Ta. Also in this example, the height difference of the uneven pattern of the recording layer after RIE was measured by SPM, and as a result, it was about 12 nm.
- the height difference of the concave-convex pattern of the recording layer after filling the concave portions with Al was measured by SPM, and as a result, it was about 30 nm.
- FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the height difference of the concavo-convex pattern of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 and the CMP planarization work time.
- the CMP planarization time can be shortened to 1 ⁇ 2 or less compared to Comparative Example 2.
- Example 3 A magnetic recording medium of this example was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Si was used instead of Ta and RIE was performed as follows.
- the Si film was nitrided and expanded by RIE using nitrogen gas.
- the height difference of the concavo-convex pattern of the recording layer after RIE was measured by SPM.
- the height difference of the concave / convex pattern of the recording layer after filling the concave portions with SiN was measured by SPM, and as a result, it was about 27 nm.
- FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the height difference of the concavo-convex pattern of Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 and the CMP planarization work time.
- the CMP planarization time can be shortened to about 1 ⁇ 2 compared to Comparative Example 3.
- Example 4 A magnetic recording medium of this example was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that instead of RIE using oxygen gas, the Ta film was oxidized and expanded as follows.
- the recording layer in which the Ta film was formed was arranged in a sealed container connecting the rotary pump and the oxygen gas cylinder.
- oxygen gas was injected for 30 minutes while the air in the sealed container was exhausted with a rotary pump, and then the valve was closed to fill the sealed container with oxygen gas.
- the sealed container was stored in a thermostatic apparatus maintained at 60 ° C. for 1 week.
- the height difference of the uneven pattern of the recording layer after storage for 1 week in a thermostatic device was measured by SPM, and as a result, it was about 10 nm.
- the CMP planarization operation time could be shortened in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3.
- the oxidation method of this embodiment has an advantage that a large amount of medium can be processed at a time.
- a magnetic recording medium having a recording layer formed in a concavo-convex pattern, having a sufficiently flat surface and good recording and reproducing accuracy can be efficiently manufactured.
Abstract
Description
次のようにして磁気記録媒体を作製した。先ず、厚さ0.6mmのガラス基板の上に合計厚さ30nmのTa、Pt、Ruからなる下地金属層をスパッタリングにより形成した。次に、下地金属層の上に厚さ10nmのPtCoからなる磁性層をスパッタリングにより形成した。
凹凸パターンを有する記録層の凹部の内面上にTaを指向性の高いスパッタリングにより成膜して、凹部をほぼ完全にTa膜で充填し、その後、酸素ガスを用いたRIEを行わなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして本比較例の磁気記録媒体を作製した。
Taに代えてAlを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして本実施例の磁気記録媒体を作製した。本実施例でもRIE後の記録層の凹凸パターンの高低差をSPMで測定した結果、約12nmであった。
凹凸パターンを有する記録層の凹部の内面上にAlを指向性の高いスパッタリングにより成膜して、凹部をほぼ完全にAl膜で充填し、その後、酸素ガスを用いたRIEを行わなかった以外は、実施例2と同様にして本比較例の磁気記録媒体を作製した。
Taに代えてSiを用い、RIEを下記のように行った以外は、実施例1と同様にして本実施例の磁気記録媒体を作製した。
凹凸パターンを有する記録層の凹部の内面上にSiNを指向性の高いスパッタリングにより成膜して、凹部をほぼ完全にSiN膜で充填し、その後、窒素ガスを用いたRIEを行わなかった以外は、実施例3と同様にして本比較例の磁気記録媒体を作製した。
酸素ガスを用いたRIEに代えて、下記のようにしてTa膜を酸化させて膨張させた以外は、実施例1と同様にして本実施例の磁気記録媒体を作製した。
11 下地金属層
12 磁性層
13 凹部
14 第1非磁性膜
15 第2非磁性膜
20 磁気記録媒体
Claims (13)
- 磁性層の凹凸パターンを有する記録層を含む磁気記録媒体であって、
前記記録層は、前記磁性層を貫通する凹部を有し、
前記凹部には、非磁性材料が充填されて非磁性層を形成し、
前記非磁性材料は、非磁性金属と、前記非磁性金属の酸化物又は窒化物とを含む磁気記録媒体。 - 前記非磁性金属が、タンタル、アルミニウム、タングステン、クロム及びケイ素からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属である請求項1に記載の磁気記録媒体。
- 前記非磁性層が、前記非磁性金属からなる第1非磁性層と、前記非磁性金属の酸化物又は窒化物からなる第2非磁性層とを含み、前記第1非磁性層は、前記凹部の底面側に配置されている請求項1に記載の磁気記録媒体。
- 前記凹部に充填された前記非磁性材料に含まれる酸素元素又は窒素元素の濃度が、前記凹部の底面側から上方に向かって増加している請求項1に記載の磁気記録媒体。
- 基材の上に磁性層を形成する工程と、
前記磁性層を貫通する凹部を形成して、前記磁性層の凹凸パターンを有する記録層を形成する工程と、
前記凹部に空間を残し、前記凹部の内面上に酸化性材料を成膜する工程と、
成膜された前記酸化性材料を酸化して、酸化材料で前記空間を充填する工程と、
前記記録層上の余剰の前記酸化材料を除去して平坦化する工程とを含む磁気記録媒体の製造方法。 - 前記酸化性材料が、タンタル、アルミニウム、タングステン、クロム及びケイ素からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属である請求項5に記載の磁気記録媒体の製造方法。
- 前記酸化性材料を成膜する工程において、成膜された前記酸化性材料の前記凹部の底面からの最小膜厚が、前記凹部の総高さに前記酸化性材料の酸化による最大膨張率の逆数を掛けた値を下限値とし、前記凹部の総高さ未満を上限値とする範囲内にある請求項5に記載の磁気記録媒体の製造方法。
- 基材の上に磁性層を形成する工程と、
前記磁性層を貫通する凹部を形成して、前記磁性層の凹凸パターンを有する記録層を形成する工程と、
前記凹部に空間を残し、前記凹部の内面上に窒化性材料を成膜する工程と、
成膜された前記窒化性材料を窒化して、窒化材料で前記空間を充填する工程と、
前記記録層上の余剰の前記窒化材料を除去して平坦化する工程とを含む磁気記録媒体の製造方法。 - 前記窒化性材料が、タンタル、アルミニウム、タングステン、クロム及びケイ素からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属である請求項8に記載の磁気記録媒体の製造方法。
- 前記窒化性材料を成膜する工程において、成膜された前記窒化性材料の前記凹部の底面からの最小膜厚が、前記凹部の総高さに前記窒化性材料の窒化による最大膨張率の逆数を掛けた値を下限値とし、前記凹部の総高さ未満を上限値とする範囲内にある請求項8に記載の磁気記録媒体の製造方法。
- 非磁性基材の上に磁性層を形成する工程と、
前記磁性層を貫通する凹部を形成して、前記磁性層の凹凸パターンを有する記録層を形成する工程と、
前記凹部の内面上に非磁性金属を成膜する工程と、
成膜された前記非磁性金属を酸化又は窒化して、前記非磁性金属と、前記非磁性金属の酸化物又は窒化物とを含む非磁性材料で前記凹部を充填する工程と、
前記記録層上の余剰の前記非磁性材料を除去して平坦化する工程とを含む磁気記録媒体の製造方法。 - 前記非磁性金属が、タンタル、アルミニウム、タングステン、クロム及びケイ素からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属である請求項11に記載の磁気記録媒体の製造方法。
- 前記非磁性金属を成膜する工程において、成膜された前記非磁性金属の前記凹部の底面からの最小膜厚が、前記凹部の総高さに前記非磁性金属の酸化又は窒化による最大膨張率の逆数を掛けた値を下限値とし、前記凹部の総高さ未満を上限値とする範囲内にある請求項11に記載の磁気記録媒体の製造方法。
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JP3881350B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-03 | 2007-02-14 | Tdk株式会社 | 磁気記録媒体及び磁気記録再生装置 |
JP2006092632A (ja) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-04-06 | Tdk Corp | 磁気記録媒体及びその製造方法並びに磁気記録媒体用中間体 |
JP2008293559A (ja) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-12-04 | Fujitsu Ltd | 磁気記録媒体及び磁気記憶装置 |
-
2009
- 2009-04-27 JP JP2009107815A patent/JP5373469B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2010
- 2010-04-22 CN CN201080009722.3A patent/CN102341855B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-04-22 US US13/203,113 patent/US20110311839A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-04-22 WO PCT/JP2010/057173 patent/WO2010125971A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
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JP2009015892A (ja) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-01-22 | Toshiba Corp | 磁気記録媒体の製造方法および磁気記録媒体 |
JP2009080902A (ja) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-16 | Toshiba Corp | 磁気記録媒体およびその製造方法 |
JP2010113791A (ja) * | 2007-12-26 | 2010-05-20 | Tdk Corp | 磁気記録媒体、磁気記録再生装置及び磁気記録媒体の製造方法 |
JP2010027193A (ja) * | 2008-06-17 | 2010-02-04 | Tdk Corp | 磁気記録媒体及び磁気記録再生装置 |
JP2010033648A (ja) * | 2008-07-28 | 2010-02-12 | Fujitsu Ltd | 磁気記録媒体及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
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CN102341855A (zh) | 2012-02-01 |
US20110311839A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
JP2010257538A (ja) | 2010-11-11 |
JP5373469B2 (ja) | 2013-12-18 |
CN102341855B (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
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