WO2010123012A1 - アミノ酸変異が導入されたIgG2を有する抗体 - Google Patents
アミノ酸変異が導入されたIgG2を有する抗体 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an IgG2 having agonist activity wherein at least 234th valine is substituted with alanine, 237th glutamine with alanine, and 331th proline with serine (numbers are based on EU index by Kabat et al.).
- a monoclonal antibody that binds to human CD40 having a heavy chain constant region, a DNA encoding the monoclonal antibody, a vector comprising the DNA, a transformant obtained by introducing the vector, and the transformant The present invention relates to a method for producing the monoclonal antibody used, a pharmaceutical composition containing the monoclonal antibody, and a therapeutic agent.
- CD40 CD40 is an antigen present on the cell membrane surface with a molecular weight of 50 kDa, and is expressed on B cells, dendritic cells (DC), certain cancer cells, thymic epithelial cells, and the like. CD40 is known to play an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of B cells and DCs. CD40 has been identified as an antigen expressed on the surface of human B cells (Non-patent Documents 1 and 2). From the homology of amino acid sequences, CD40 belongs to low-affinity NGF receptor, TNF receptor, CD27, OX40, CD30 and the like. Is considered as a member of the TNF receptor family.
- the ligand for human and mouse CD40 (CD40L) is a type II membrane protein expressed on activated CD4 + T cells and has also been shown to introduce strong activation signals into human and mouse B cells.
- DC has been confirmed in DC, and it has been revealed that DC plays an important role.
- APC antigen-presenting cells
- DC has a strong antigen presenting ability and a strong helper T (Th) cell activation ability.
- Th helper T
- a dendritic cell (DC1) obtained by culturing peripheral blood monocytes, which are myeloid dendritic cells, with GM-CSF and IL-4 and matured by CD40L has IL-12 production ability in vitro and is heterogeneous. It stimulates and activates naive Th cells and induces IFN ⁇ -producing T cells (ie, promotes differentiation into Th1). Since this action is inhibited by an anti-IL-12 antibody, it is considered to be a reaction mediated by IL-12.
- lymphoid dendritic cells obtained by culturing plasmacytoid T cells present in lymphoid tissue T region or peripheral blood with IL-3 and CD40L do not have IL-12 production ability and are different from naive Th. It has been shown to stimulate and activate cells, induce IL-4 producing T cells and promote differentiation into Th2. Th1 cells are involved in the activation of cellular immunity, and Th2 cells are thought to be involved in suppressing humoral immunity and at the same time suppressing cellular immunity.
- Cytotoxic T cells (CTL) activated with the help of Th1 cells can remove pathogens (such as many viruses, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Toxoplasma gondii) and tumor cells that grow in the cytoplasm .
- pathogens such as many viruses, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Toxoplasma gondii
- Monoclonal antibodies that bind to CD40 expressed on the membrane surface have been shown to exhibit various biological activities against B cells. Those having an agonist activity against CD40 (agonist antibody) and those having an antagonist activity (antagonist antibody) are roughly classified.
- Agonist antibody B cell activation is known as an effect of an agonist antibody.
- anti-CD40 antibody induces cell adhesion (Non-Patent Documents 5 and 6), increases cell size (Non-Patent Documents 6 and 7), and is activated only by anti-IgM antibody, anti-CD20 antibody or phorbol ester.
- Non-patent Documents 8-10 Induced B cell division (Non-patent Documents 8-10), induced B cell division in the presence of IL4 (Non-patent Documents 7 and 11), IL-4 stimulation, IgE of T cell-depleted cultured cells (Non-patent Documents 12 and 13), IL-4 secretion of soluble CD23 / FceRII from B cells, which induces the expression of IgG and IgM (Non-patent Documents 13) and (Non-patent Documents 14 and 15) It has been reported that IL-6 production (Non-patent Document 17) is promoted by enhancing expression (Non-patent Document 16).
- Non-patent Document 18 human primary cultured B cells
- Non-patent Document 19 the antigen receptor
- CD40 has been identified as an antigen expressed on the surface of human B cells
- many of the isolated antibodies mainly use proliferation-differentiation-inducing functions for human B cells and cell death-inducing activity in cancer cells as indicators. Have been evaluated (Non-Patent Documents 20, 21, and 22).
- Non-patent Document 23 It has also been shown that anti-CD40 antibodies mature DCs (Non-patent Document 23). Furthermore, the role of CD4 T cells in antigen-specific CD8 T cell priming was reported to be in DC activation via CD40-CD40L signaling, and the role of CD4 helper T cells in DC activation by anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies. It can be substituted (Non-patent Document 24). In addition, it was shown that the body can be protected not only from tumor cells expressing CD40 but also from non-expressing tumor cells by administration of an anti-CD40 antibody in mice (Non-patent Document 25).
- anti-CD40 antibodies having agonist activity can be used for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, etc., the treatment of malignant tumors, and the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses the KM341-1-19 antibody as an anti-CD40 antibody having agonist activity.
- the hybridoma KM341-1-19 producing the KM3411-1-19 antibody was established on September 27, 2001 at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Patent Biological Depositary Center (1st, 1st, 1st East, 1-chome, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture). It is deposited internationally under the Budapest Treaty (Accession Number: FERM BP-7759).
- Patent Document 2 the heavy chain variable region of the KM341-1-19 antibody and the proline at position 331 are substituted with serine (this substitution is denoted as P331S (hereinafter the same)), and the numbers are in the EU index by Kabat et al.
- a 341G2Ser antibody having a heavy chain constant region, which is based on IgG2 Non-patent Document 26
- Patent Document 3 discloses anti-CD40 antibody 21.4.1 having agonist activity.
- IgG2 subclass antibodies are known to have weak effector functional activity of antibodies mediated by Fc ⁇ receptors, but substitution by V234A and G237A (numbers are based on EU index by Kabat et al.) It has been reported that lysis of target cells by effector cells can be further suppressed (Non-patent Document 34). However, there is no disclosure about the effect of V234A and G237A on the agonist activity of anti-CD40 antibodies. Further, there is no disclosure about the effect of substitution of IgG2 subclass V234A and G237A on blood kinetics of anti-CD40 antibody. Furthermore, there is no disclosure about the effect of substitution of IgG2 subclasses V234A and G237A on the liver of anti-CD40 antibodies.
- CDC activity can be reduced by substituting with an amino acid (Non-patent Documents 35-40). Specifically, CDC activity can be reduced by substituting A for D270, K322, P329, and P331. CDC activity can also be reduced by converting P331 to S or G.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a monoclonal antibody having agonist activity that binds to human CD40, a DNA encoding the monoclonal antibody, a vector comprising the DNA, a transformant obtained by introducing the vector, and the transformation It is in providing the manufacturing method of this monoclonal antibody using a body, the pharmaceutical composition containing this monoclonal antibody, and a therapeutic agent.
- valine at position 234 is alanine (V234A)
- glutamine at position 237 is alanine (G237A)
- proline at position 331 is serine (P331S).
- V234A valine at position 234
- G237A glutamine at position 237
- proline at position 331 is serine (P331S).
- human CD40 A monoclonal antibody having a heavy chain constant region that is IgG2 (hereinafter referred to as “IgG2-AAS”) (which is based on the EU index by Kabat et al.). In some cases, IgG2-AAS antibody may be referred to) to complete the present invention.
- the present invention relates to the following [1] to [23].
- Heavy chain constant region which is IgG2 with at least 234 position valine replaced with alanine, 237 position glutamine replaced with alanine and 331 position proline replaced with serine (numbers are based on EU index by Kabat et al.)
- a monoclonal antibody that binds to human CD40 having agonist activity [2] A monoclonal antibody having a heavy chain constant region represented by SEQ ID NO: 30 and having agonist activity and binding to human CD40.
- the transformant of [10] is cultured in a medium, the monoclonal antibody of any one of [1] to [7] is produced and accumulated in the culture, and the monoclonal antibody is collected from the culture.
- a heavy chain constant region which is a polypeptide obtained by removing a secretion signal from the polypeptide represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 and a light chain constant region which is a polypeptide obtained by removing the secretion signal from the polypeptide represented by SEQ ID NO: 12 A monoclonal antibody.
- the transformant of [16] or [17] is cultured in a medium, the monoclonal antibody of [12] is produced and accumulated in the culture, and the monoclonal antibody is collected from the culture [12] A method for producing a monoclonal antibody.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising the monoclonal antibody according to any one of [1] to [7] and [12] as an active ingredient.
- a therapeutic agent for malignant tumors or infectious diseases comprising the monoclonal antibody according to any one of [1] to [7] and [12] as an active ingredient.
- Use of the monoclonal antibody according to any one of [1] to [7] and [12] for the manufacture of a therapeutic agent for malignant tumors or infectious diseases.
- a monoclonal antibody that binds to human CD40 having a heavy chain constant region which is IgG2-AAS exhibits strong agonist activity.
- the present invention provides an IgG2 heavy chain in which at least 234th valine is substituted with alanine, 237th glutamine with alanine, and 331th proline with serine (numbers are based on EU index by Kabat et al.).
- Monoclonal antibody having a constant chain region, having agonist activity and binding to human CD40 (sometimes referred to as the monoclonal antibody of the present invention), DNA encoding the monoclonal antibody, a vector comprising the DNA, the vector Can be provided, a method for producing the monoclonal antibody using the transformant, a pharmaceutical composition containing the monoclonal antibody, and a therapeutic agent.
- IgG2-AAS (341) antibody which is one of the monoclonal antibodies, has a longer residence time in blood than IgG2-S (341) antibody.
- IgG2-AAS (341) antibody is less toxic to the liver than IgG2-S antibody.
- IgG2-AAS (341) antibody It is a figure which shows the binding activity of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody.
- the horizontal axis represents antibody concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and the vertical axis represents average fluorescence intensity.
- the average fluorescence intensity of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody is indicated by a circle and a broken line
- the average fluorescence intensity of IgG2-S (341) antibody is indicated by a circle and a solid line
- the average fluorescence intensity of a negative control antibody is indicated by an * mark and a dotted line, respectively.
- the horizontal axis represents antibody concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and the vertical axis represents average fluorescence intensity.
- the average fluorescence intensity of the IgG2-AAS (21.4.1) antibody is indicated by ⁇ and a broken line
- the average fluorescence intensity of the IgG2-S (21.4.1) antibody is indicated by a circle and a solid line
- the average fluorescence intensity of the negative control antibody is indicated by an asterisk (*).
- dotted lines It is a figure which shows the agonist activity of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody.
- the horizontal axis represents antibody concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and the vertical axis represents average fluorescence intensity.
- the average fluorescence intensity of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody is indicated by a circle and a broken line
- the average fluorescence intensity of IgG2-S (341) antibody is indicated by a circle and a solid line
- the average fluorescence intensity of a negative control antibody is indicated by an * mark and a dotted line, respectively.
- the horizontal axis represents antibody concentration ( ⁇ g / mL)
- the vertical axis represents average fluorescence intensity.
- the average fluorescence intensity of the IgG2-AAS (21.4.1) antibody is indicated by ⁇ and a broken line
- the average fluorescence intensity of the IgG2-S (21.4.1) antibody is indicated by a circle and a solid line
- the average fluorescence intensity of the negative control antibody is indicated by an asterisk (*).
- dotted lines It is a figure which shows the blood concentration of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody.
- the horizontal axis represents time (day) after administration, and the vertical axis represents blood drug concentration ( ⁇ g / mL).
- the blood concentration of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody is indicated by ⁇ and solid line, and ⁇ and solid line
- the blood concentration of IgG2-S (341) antibody is indicated by ⁇ and solid line, and ⁇ and solid line, respectively.
- the horizontal axis represents the time after administration (hour), and the vertical axis represents the activity value (carmen unit).
- the AST at the time of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody administration is indicated by a circle and a broken line
- the AST at the time of IgG2-S (341) antibody administration is indicated by a circle and a solid line
- the AST at the time of PBS administration is indicated by an * mark and a dotted line, respectively.
- the horizontal axis represents the time after administration (hour), and the vertical axis represents the activity value (carmen unit).
- the ALT at the time of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody administration is indicated by a black circle and a broken line
- the ALT at the time of IgG2-S (341) antibody administration is indicated by a circle and a solid line
- the ALT at the time of PBS administration is indicated by an * mark and a dotted line, respectively.
- the present invention relates to a monoclonal antibody that binds to human CD40 having a heavy chain constant region that is IgG2-AAS and exhibiting agonist activity.
- the antibody of the present invention binds to the extracellular region of human CD40.
- the antibody of the present invention binds to CD40 by a known immunological detection method for cells expressing CD40 using a radioimmunoassay using a solid phase sandwich method or the like, or an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), Preferably, it can be confirmed by a method capable of examining the binding property of a cell expressing a specific antigen and an antibody to the specific antigen, such as fluorescent cell staining.
- a fluorescent antibody staining method using a FMAT8100HTS system (Applied Biosystems) or the like [Cancer Immunol. Immunother. , 36, 373 (1993)], fluorescent cell staining using flow cytometry, or surface plasmon resonance using a Biacore system (manufactured by GE Healthcare).
- known immunological detection methods [Monoclonal Antibodies-Principles and practice, Third edition, Academic Press (1996), Antibodies-A Laboratory Biotechnology, 198 (1987)] etc. can also be confirmed.
- the cell expressing CD40 may be any cell as long as it expresses CD40.
- a cell naturally existing in the human body a cell line established from a cell naturally existing in the human body, or a gene set Examples thereof include cells obtained by the replacement technique.
- Examples of cells that naturally exist in the human body include cells in which the polypeptide is expressed in autoimmune disease patients, allergic patients, and cancer patients.
- Examples thereof include cells expressing CD40.
- the CD40 As a cell line established from cells naturally existing in the human body, among the cell lines obtained by establishing cells expressing the CD40 obtained from the above cancer patients, the CD40 is expressed. For example, Ramos (ATCC CRL-1596), Raji (ATCC CCL-86), Daudi (ATCC CCL-213) and T24 (ATCC HTB-4) cell lines established from humans Etc.
- cells obtained by gene recombination technology include cells expressing CD40 obtained by introducing an expression vector containing cDNA encoding CD40 into insect cells or animal cells.
- the sequence information of human CD40 DNA and protein can be obtained from a known database such as NCBI (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), and is represented by SEQ ID NO: 36, respectively. It is registered as a base sequence (NCBI accession number: NM — 001250) and an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 37 (NCBI accession number: NP — 001241).
- CD40 means human CD40 unless otherwise specified.
- examples of the monoclonal antibody include a recombinant antibody produced by a transformant transformed with an expression vector containing an antibody gene.
- Monoclonal antibody is an antibody secreted by a single clone of antibody-producing cells, and recognizes only one epitope (also called an antigenic determinant). Furthermore, the amino acid sequence (primary structure) constituting the monoclonal antibody is uniform.
- the monoclonal antibody consists of two heavy chains (consisting of a heavy chain variable region and a heavy chain constant region) and two light chains (consisting of a light chain variable region and a light chain constant region).
- Epitopes include a single amino acid sequence that is recognized and bound by a monoclonal antibody, a three-dimensional structure composed of amino acid sequences, a three-dimensional structure composed of amino acid sequences to which sugar chains are bound, and amino acid sequences to which sugar chains are bound.
- the epitope recognized by the monoclonal antibody of the present invention is preferably present in the extracellular region of CD40.
- the recombinant antibody includes antibodies produced by genetic recombination, such as human chimeric antibodies, human CDR-grafted antibodies, and human antibodies.
- CDR is an abbreviation for Complementarity Determining Region (hereinafter, referred to as CDR).
- a recombinant antibody having characteristics of a monoclonal antibody, low antigenicity, and extended blood half-life is preferable as a therapeutic agent.
- the human chimeric antibody is a non-human animal antibody heavy chain variable region (hereinafter sometimes referred to as VH) and light chain variable region (hereinafter sometimes referred to as VL) and a human antibody heavy chain constant.
- the human chimeric antibody of the present invention is used for animal cells having cDNA encoding VH and VL obtained from a hybridoma that produces a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes CD40, and having genes encoding CH and CL of the human antibody.
- a human chimeric antibody expression vector can be constructed by inserting each into an expression vector and introduced into an animal cell for expression and production.
- the human CDR-grafted antibody refers to an antibody obtained by grafting the VH and VL CDR amino acid sequences of non-human animal antibodies to appropriate positions of the human antibody VH and VL.
- the human CDR-grafted antibody of the present invention has any amino acid sequence of CDRs of VH and VL of non-human animal antibodies produced from hybridomas that produce monoclonal antibodies of non-human animals that specifically recognize CD40.
- cDNA encoding the V region transplanted into the VH and VL framework regions of human antibodies (hereinafter sometimes referred to as FR) and expression for animal cells having genes encoding CH and CL of human antibodies
- FR human antibodies
- Each can be inserted into a vector to construct a human CDR-grafted antibody expression vector, which can be expressed and produced by introducing it into animal cells.
- IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgG in the heavy chain constant region class of human antibodies, and IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 in the IgG subclass.
- IgG2 There are multiple allotypes in IgG2 (see, eg, SEQ ID NOs: 33, 34, and 35, hereinafter referred to as Alo76042.1, CAC12842, and AAN76043.1 in NCBI Reference Sequences, which are allotypes 1, 2, and 3, respectively).
- the monoclonal antibody of the present invention may be of any isotype.
- ⁇ and ⁇ in the class of the light chain constant region of the human antibody, and any of the light chain constant regions of the monoclonal antibody of the present invention may be used.
- a human antibody originally refers to an antibody that naturally exists in the human body, but a human antibody phage library and a human antibody-producing transgene prepared by recent advances in genetic engineering, cell engineering, and developmental engineering techniques. Also included are antibodies obtained from transgenic animals.
- the antibody naturally present in the human body can be cultured by, for example, isolating human peripheral blood lymphocytes, infecting and immortalizing EB virus, etc., and cloning the lymphocytes that produce the antibody.
- the antibody can be further purified.
- the human antibody phage library is a library in which antibody fragments such as Fab and scFv are expressed on the phage surface by inserting antibody genes prepared from human B cells into the phage genes. From the library, phages expressing an antibody fragment having a desired antigen-binding activity on the surface can be collected using the binding activity to the substrate on which the antigen is immobilized as an index. The antibody fragment can be further converted into a human antibody molecule comprising two complete heavy chains and two complete light chains by genetic engineering techniques.
- a human antibody-producing transgenic animal means an animal in which a human antibody gene is incorporated into cells.
- a human antibody-producing transgenic mouse can be produced by introducing a human antibody gene into mouse ES cells, transplanting the ES cells into an early mouse embryo, and generating them (Tomizuka.et). al., Proc NatlAcad Sci USA., 2000 Vo197: 722).
- human antibody-producing hybridomas are obtained and cultured using normal hybridoma production methods performed in non-human animals to produce human antibodies in the culture supernatant. It can be produced by accumulating.
- the monoclonal antibody that binds to human CD40 in the present invention has a heavy chain constant region that is IgG2-AAS.
- IgG2-AAS antibody is IgG2 in which proline at position 331 is substituted with serine (the number is based on the EU index by Kabat et al.) (Hereinafter referred to as IgG2-S).
- IgG2-S antibody The effect of enhancing the agonist activity was found in comparison with an antibody having a heavy chain constant region (hereinafter sometimes referred to as IgG2-S antibody).
- IgG2-AAS (341) antibody which is one of the monoclonal antibodies of the present invention, has found an effect that the residence time in blood is prolonged compared with IgG2-S (341) antibody. It was. Furthermore, the IgG2-AAS (341) antibody was found to have an effect that toxicity to the liver was reduced as compared with the IgG2-S (341) antibody.
- CD40 ligand is known to be toxic to the liver (Journal of Clinical Oncology, 19 (13), 3280-3287 (2001)). Similarly, monoclonal antibodies that bind to CD40 exhibiting agonist activity are also present in the liver. (American Journal of Pathology, 168 (3), 786-795 (2006)).
- the IgG2-AAS antibody in the present invention has enhanced agonist activity as compared with the IgG2-S antibody, toxicity to the liver is reduced as compared with the IgG2-S antibody.
- the decrease can be confirmed, for example, by a decrease in the blood concentration of aspartate aminotransferase (hereinafter sometimes referred to as AST) or alanine aminotransferase (hereinafter sometimes referred to as ALT).
- Monoclonal antibodies in which one or more amino acids are deleted, added, substituted and / or inserted in the amino acid sequence constituting the above-described monoclonal antibody and have the same activity as the above-mentioned antibody are also included in the monoclonal antibody of the present invention. Is done.
- the position of the deletion, addition, substitution and / or insertion is specifically a heavy chain constant region, a light chain constant region, a heavy chain variable region or a light chain variable region, and further said heavy chain and light chain variable region In CDR1, CDR2 or CDR3, or in the framework region (FR).
- the number of amino acids to be deleted, substituted, inserted and / or added is one or more, and the number is not particularly limited, but site-specific mutagenesis [Molecular Cloning, 2nd Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989), Current protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons (1987-1997), Nucleic Acids Research, 10, 6487 (1982), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , USA, 79, 6409 (1982), Gene, 34, 315 (1985), Nucleic Acids Research, 13, 4431 (1985), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA, 82, 488 (1985)], etc., and the number that can be deleted, added, substituted, and / or inserted.
- the number is more preferably 1 to 10, and further preferably 1 to 5 (for example, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5).
- amino acids may be deleted, added, substituted and / or inserted in addition to AAS substitution. Also included are monoclonal antibodies having such heavy chain constant regions.
- deletion, substitution, insertion and / or addition of one or more amino acid residues means the following. That is, it means that there is a deletion, substitution, insertion or addition of one or a plurality of amino acid residues in any one and a plurality of amino acid sequences in the same sequence.
- deletion, substitution, insertion or addition may occur simultaneously, and the amino acid residue to be substituted, inserted or added may be either a natural type or a non-natural type.
- Natural amino acid residues include L-alanine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, glycine, L-histidine, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-lysine, L-methionine , L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-serine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, L-valine, or L-cysteine.
- amino acid residues that can be substituted with each other are shown below. Amino acid residues contained in the same group can be substituted for each other.
- Group A leucine, isoleucine, norleucine, valine, norvaline, alanine, 2-aminobutanoic acid, methionine, O-methylserine, t-butylglycine, t-butylalanine, cyclohexylalanine
- Group B aspartic acid, glutamic acid, isoaspartic acid, Isoglutamic acid, 2-aminoadipic acid, 2-aminosuberic acid
- Group C asparagine, glutamine
- D lysine, arginine, ornithine, 2,4-diaminobutanoic acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid
- Group E proline, 3 -Hydroxyproline, 4-hydroxyproline
- Group F serine, threonine, homoserine
- Group G phenylalanine, tyrosine
- the monoclonal antibody of the present invention includes a derivative of an antibody
- antibody derivatives include the H- or L-chain N-terminal side or C-terminal side of a monoclonal antibody that binds to CD40, appropriate substituents or side chains in the antibody, and sugar chains in the monoclonal antibody.
- it can be produced by combining a radioisotope, a low molecular weight drug, a high molecular weight drug, an immunostimulant, a protein or an antibody drug by a chemical method [Introduction to Antibody Engineering, Jinshokan (1994)]. it can.
- a gene encoding a monoclonal antibody that binds to CD40 and a DNA encoding a protein or antibody drug to be bound are inserted into an expression vector, the expression vector is introduced into an appropriate host cell, and expressed. It can be manufactured by engineering methods.
- radioisotope examples include 131 I, 125 I, 90 Y, 64 Cu, 99 Tc, 77 Lu, and 211 At.
- the radioisotope can be directly bound to the antibody by the chloramine T method or the like. Further, a substance that chelates a radioisotope may be bound to the antibody.
- the chelating agent include 1-isothiocyanate benzyl-3-methyldiethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (MX-DTPA).
- Low molecular weight drugs include alkylating agents, nitrosourea agents, antimetabolites, antibiotics, plant alkaloids, topoisomerase inhibitors, hormone therapy agents, hormone antagonists, aromatase inhibitors, P glycoprotein inhibitors, platinum complex derivatives , Anti-cancer drugs such as M phase inhibitors or kinase inhibitors [Clinical Oncology, Cancer and Chemotherapy (1996)], steroids such as hydrocortisone and prednisone, non-steroidal drugs such as aspirin and indomethacin, gold thiomalate, Anti-inflammatory agents such as immunomodulators such as penicillamine, immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide and azathioprine, and antihistamines such as chlorpheniramine maleate or clemacytin [Inflammation and anti-inflammatory therapy, Ishiyaku Shuppan Co., Ltd.
- Anticancer agents include amifostine (ethiol), cisplatin, dacarbazine (DTIC), dactinomycin, mechlorethamine (nitrogen mustard), streptozocin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, carmustine (BCNU), lomustine (CCNU), doxorubicin (adriamycin) ), Epirubicin, gemcitabine (gemzar), daunorubicin, procarbazine, mitomycin, cytarabine, etoposide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, fluorouracil, vinblastine, vincristine, bleomycin, daunomycin, pepromycin, estramustaxate, paclitaxel , Aldesleukin, asparaginase, busulfan Carboplatin, oxaliplatin, nedaplatin, cladribine, camptothecin, 10-hydroxy-7-
- Low molecular weight drug and antibody can be bound by binding between the drug and antibody amino groups via glutaraldehyde, or by coupling the drug amino group and antibody carboxyl group via water-soluble carbodiimide. The method of making it.
- polymer drug examples include polyethylene glycol (hereinafter referred to as PEG), albumin, dextran, polyoxyethylene, styrene maleic acid copolymer, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, pyran copolymer, and hydroxypropyl methacrylamide.
- a method of linking PEG and an antibody a method of reacting with a PEGylation modifying reagent and the like can be mentioned [Bioconjugate pharmaceutical, Yodogawa Shoten (1993)].
- the PEGylation modifying reagent include a modifier for the ⁇ -amino group of lysine (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-178926), a modifier for the carboxyl group of aspartic acid and glutamic acid (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-23587). Or a modifier for guanidino group of arginine (Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2-117920).
- the immunostimulant may be a natural product known as an immunoadjuvant, and specific examples include ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3) glucan (lentinan, schizophyllan), ⁇ -galactosylceramide and the like. It is done.
- proteins include cytokines or growth factors that activate immunocompetent cells such as NK cells, macrophages, or neutrophils, or toxin proteins.
- cytokines or growth factors examples include interferon (hereinafter referred to as INF) - ⁇ , INF- ⁇ , INF- ⁇ , interleukin (hereinafter referred to as IL) -2, IL-12, IL-15, IL- 18, IL-21, IL-23, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte / macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and the like.
- INF interferon
- IL interleukin
- IL-12 interleukin
- IL-15 interleukin
- IL-15 interleukin
- IL-15 interleukin- 18, IL-21
- IL-23 granulocyte colony stimulating factor
- G-CSF granulocyte colony stimulating factor
- GM-CSF granulocyte / macrophage colony stimulating factor
- M-CSF macrophage colony stimulating factor
- toxin protein examples include ricin
- Antibody drugs include antigens that induce apoptosis by antibody binding, antigens involved in tumor pathogenesis or antigens that regulate immune function, and antibodies against antigens involved in angiogenesis of lesion sites.
- CD Cluster of differentiation
- CD20 CD21, CD22, CD23, CD24, CD37, CD53, CD72, CD73, CD74, CDw75, CDw76, CD77, CDw78, CD79a, CD79b, CD80 (B7.1), CD81, CD82, CD83, CDw84, CD85, CD86 (B7.2), human leukocyte antigen (HLA) -Class II, Epidermal Growth Factor (R) Etc.
- HLA human leukocyte antigen
- R Epidermal Growth Factor
- CD40, CD40 ligand, B7 family molecules are antigens involved in tumor pathogenesis or antibodies that regulate immune function , B7 family molecule ligand (CD28, CTLA-4, ICOS, PD-1, or BTLA), OX-40, OX-40 ligand, CD137, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family molecule (DR4, DR5, TNFR1 Or TNFR2), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor (TRAIL) family molecule, TRAIL family molecule receptor family (TRAIL-R1, TRAIL-R2, RAIL-R3 or TRAIL-R4), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANK), RANK ligand, CD25, folate receptor 4, cytokine [IL-1 ⁇ , IL-1 ⁇ , IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10,
- antibody antigens that inhibit angiogenesis at the lesion site include vascular, axial growth factor (VEGF), anangiopoietin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), EGF, and platelet-induced growth.
- VEGF vascular, axial growth factor
- FGF fibroblast growth factor
- EGF EGF
- platelet-induced growth EPO
- EPO Erythropoietin
- TGF ⁇ TGF ⁇
- IL-8 Epilin
- SDF-1 SDF-1
- cDNA encoding protein is linked to cDNA encoding monoclonal antibody, DNA encoding the fusion is constructed, and the DNA is inserted into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression vector. Then, the expression vector can be expressed by introducing it into a prokaryote or eukaryote to produce a fusion.
- a drug that binds to a monoclonal antibody that binds to CD40 may be an ordinary immunological detection or measurement method.
- a label used in the above examples include enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase or luciferase, luminescent substances such as acridinium ester or lophine, fluorescent substances such as fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (RITC), etc. Can be given.
- enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase or luciferase, luminescent substances such as acridinium ester or lophine, fluorescent substances such as fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (RITC), etc.
- FITC fluorescein isothiocyanate
- RITC tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate
- the present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition and a therapeutic agent containing a monoclonal antibody that binds to CD40 as an active ingredient.
- the disease is not limited as long as the anti-CD40 antibody having agonist activity is therapeutically effective.
- the anti-CD40 antibody having agonist activity induces cellular immunity and humoral immunity as described above, infection ( Examples include hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis A virus, influenza virus, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, malaria parasite or Toxoplasma parasite) and malignant tumors.
- malignant tumor When a cancer cell itself in a malignant tumor expresses CD40, the malignant tumor can also be treated by inducing apoptosis in the cell by an agonist anti-CD40 antibody.
- malignant tumors include malignant lymphoma, malignant melanoma, lung cancer, bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, pharyngeal cancer, mesothelioma, breast cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer, colon cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, prostate cancer, Uterine cancer or ovarian cancer.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention contains the above-described monoclonal antibody of the present invention as an active ingredient.
- the therapeutic agent containing the antibody of the present invention may contain only the antibody as an active ingredient, but usually mixed with one or more pharmacologically acceptable carriers, It is desirable to provide it as a pharmaceutical preparation produced by any method known in the art.
- oral administration or parenteral administration such as buccal, intratracheal, rectal, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous, preferably intravenous.
- Internal administration can be given.
- administration forms include sprays, capsules, tablets, powders, granules, syrups, emulsions, suppositories, injections, ointments, or tapes.
- the dose or frequency of administration varies depending on the intended therapeutic effect, administration method, treatment period, age, body weight, etc., but is usually 10 ⁇ g / kg to 10 mg / kg per day for an adult.
- the present invention relates to a method for immunological detection or measurement of CD40, a reagent for immunological detection or measurement of CD40, an immunological assay for cells expressing CD40, which contains a monoclonal antibody that binds to CD40 as an active ingredient.
- the present invention relates to a detection or measurement method and a diagnostic agent for a disease involving CD40 positive cells.
- any known method may be used as a method for detecting or measuring the amount of CD40.
- Examples include immunological detection or measurement methods.
- the immunological detection or measurement method is a method of detecting or measuring the amount of antibody or the amount of antigen using a labeled antigen or antibody.
- immunological detection or measurement methods include radiolabeled immunoassay (RIA), enzyme immunoassay (EIA or ELISA), fluorescent immunoassay (FIA), luminescent immunoassay, western blot method Or a physicochemical method etc. are mention
- a disease associated with CD40 can be diagnosed.
- Suitable immunological detection methods can be used to detect the cells in which the polypeptide is expressed, but immunoprecipitation, fluorescent cell staining, immunohistochemical staining, immunohistological staining, etc. Preferably used. Moreover, fluorescent antibody staining methods such as FMAT8100HTS system (Applied Biosystems) can also be used.
- the biological sample to be detected or measured for CD40 may include cells expressing CD40, such as tissue cells, blood, plasma, serum, pancreatic juice, urine, feces, tissue fluid, or culture fluid. If it is a thing, it will not specifically limit.
- the diagnostic agent containing the monoclonal antibody of the present invention may contain a reagent for conducting an antigen-antibody reaction and a reagent for detecting the reaction, depending on the target diagnostic method.
- the reagent for performing the antigen-antibody reaction include a buffer and a salt.
- the detection reagent include a labeled secondary antibody that recognizes the monoclonal antibody, or a reagent that is used in a usual immunological detection or measurement method such as a substrate corresponding to the label.
- the antibody production method, disease treatment method, and disease diagnosis method of the present invention will be specifically described below.
- Method for producing monoclonal antibody Preparation of antigen Cells expressing CD40 or CD40 as an antigen are expressed in E. coli, yeast, insect cells, or animal cells using an expression vector containing cDNA encoding CD40 full length or a partial length thereof. It can be obtained by introducing into the above.
- CD40 can be purified and obtained from cultured human tumor cells, human tissues, etc. that express CD40 in large amounts. Further, the tumor cultured cells or the tissue can be used as an antigen as it is.
- a synthetic peptide having a CD40 partial sequence can be prepared by a chemical synthesis method such as the Fmoc method or the tBoc method and used as an antigen.
- the CD40 used in the present invention can be produced by, for example, expressing the CD40-encoding DNA in a host cell by the following method.
- a recombinant vector is prepared by inserting a full-length cDNA containing a CD40-encoding portion downstream of a promoter of an appropriate expression vector.
- a DNA fragment of an appropriate length containing a polypeptide-encoding portion prepared based on the full-length cDNA may be used.
- a transformant producing the polypeptide can be obtained by introducing the obtained recombinant vector into a host cell suitable for the expression vector.
- Any expression vector can be used as long as it can autonomously replicate in the host cell to be used or can be integrated into the chromosome, and contains an appropriate promoter at a position where DNA encoding the polypeptide can be transcribed. Can do.
- any microorganism that belongs to the genus Escherichia such as Escherichia coli, yeast, insect cells, or animal cells can be used so long as it can express the target gene.
- the recombinant vector When a prokaryote such as E. coli is used as a host cell, the recombinant vector is capable of autonomous replication in a prokaryote and at the same time contains a promoter, a ribosome binding sequence, DNA containing a CD40-encoding portion, and a transcription termination sequence. It is preferable that it is a vector containing.
- the recombinant vector does not necessarily require a transcription termination sequence, but it is preferable to place the transcription termination sequence immediately below the structural gene.
- the recombinant vector may contain a gene that controls the promoter.
- the recombinant vector it is preferable to use a plasmid in which the distance between the Shine-Dalgarno sequence (also referred to as SD sequence), which is a ribosome binding sequence, and the start codon is adjusted to an appropriate distance (eg, 6 to 18 bases).
- SD sequence also referred to as SD sequence
- start codon is adjusted to an appropriate distance (eg, 6 to 18 bases).
- the base sequence of the DNA encoding CD40 can be substituted so that it is an optimal codon for expression in the host, thereby improving the target CD40 production rate.
- Any expression vector can be used as long as it can function in the host cell to be used.
- pBTrp2, pBTac1, pBTac2 hereinafter, Roche Diagnostics
- pKK233-2 Pharmacia
- pSE280 manufactured by Invitrogen
- pGEMEX-1 manufactured by Promega
- pQE-8 manufactured by Qiagen
- pKYP10 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-110600
- pKYP200 Agricultural Biological Chemistry, 48, 669 (1984)]
- pLSA1 Agric. Biol. Chem. , 53, 277 (1989)]
- pGEL1 Proc.
- coli IGKA2 (FERM BP-6798), Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 60- 221091], pTerm2 (US4686191, US4939094, US5160735), pSupex, pUB110, pTP5, pC194, pEG400 [J. Bacteriol. , 172, 2392 (1990)], pGEX (Pharmacia), pET system (Novagen), or pME18SFL3.
- any promoter can be used as long as it can function in the host cell to be used.
- promoters derived from Escherichia coli or phage such as trp promoter (Ptrp), lac promoter, PL promoter, PR promoter, or T7 promoter can be mentioned.
- An artificially designed and modified promoter such as a tandem promoter, tac promoter, lacT7 promoter, or let I promoter in which two Ptrps are connected in series can also be used.
- Examples of host cells include E. coli XL1-Blue, E. coli XL2-Blue, E. coli DH1, E. coli MC1000, E. coli KY3276, E. coli W1485, E. coli JM109, E. coli HB101, E. coli No. 49, E. coli W3110, E. coli NY49, or E. coli DH5 ⁇ .
- Any method can be used for introducing a recombinant vector into a host cell as long as it is a method for introducing DNA into the host cell to be used.
- a method using calcium ions Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 69, 2110 (1972), Gene, 17, 107 (1982), Molecular & General Genetics, 168, 111 (1979)].
- any expression vector can be used as long as it can function in animal cells.
- pcDNAI, pcDM8 (manufactured by Funakoshi), pAGE107 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 3]. No. 22979; Cytotechnology, 3, 133 (1990)], pAS3-3 (Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2-227075), pCDM8 [Nature, 329, 840 (1987)], pcDNAI / Amp (manufactured by Invitrogen) PcDNA3.1 (manufactured by Invitrogen), pREP4 (manufactured by Invitrogen), pAGE103 [J. Biochemistry, 101, 1307 (1987)], pAGE210, pME18SFL3, or pKANTEX93 (International Publication No. 97/10354).
- Any promoter can be used as long as it can function in animal cells.
- a cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate early (IE) gene promoter for example, a cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate early (IE) gene promoter, an SV40 early promoter, a retroviral promoter. , Metallothionein promoter, heat shock promoter, SR ⁇ promoter, or Moloney murine leukemia virus promoter or enhancer.
- CMV cytomegalovirus
- IE immediate early
- IE SV40 early promoter
- a retroviral promoter e.g., a promoter for example, a cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate early (IE) gene promoter, an SV40 early promoter, a retroviral promoter.
- Metallothionein promoter e.g., Metallothionein promoter, heat shock promoter, SR ⁇ promoter, or Moloney murine leukemia virus promoter or enhancer.
- human leukemia cells Namalwa cells, monkey cells COS cells, Chinese hamster ovary cells CHO cells (Journal of Experimental Medicine, 108, 945 (1958); Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 75, Genetics, 55, 513 (1968); Chromosoma, 41, 129 (1973); Methods in Cell Science, 18, 115 (1996); Radiation Research, 148, 260.
- mouse myeloma cell NSO mouse myeloma cell SP2 / 0-Ag14
- Syrian hamster cell BHK or HBT5637 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-000299
- any method for introducing a recombinant vector into a host cell any method can be used as long as it is a method for introducing DNA into animal cells.
- electroporation method [Cytotechnology, 3, 133 (1990)]
- calcium phosphate method Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-227075
- lipofection method Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 7413 (1987)].
- a transformant derived from a microorganism or animal cell having a recombinant vector incorporating the DNA encoding CD40 obtained as described above is cultured in a medium, and the CD40 is produced and accumulated in the culture, By collecting from the culture, CD40 can be produced.
- the method of culturing the transformant in a medium can be performed according to a usual method used for culturing a host.
- CD40 When expressed in cells derived from eukaryotes, CD40 to which sugars or sugar chains are added can be obtained.
- an inducer may be added to the medium as necessary.
- cultivating a microorganism transformed with a recombinant vector using the lac promoter cultivate a microorganism transformed with isopropyl- ⁇ -D-thiogalactopyranoside or the like using a recombinant vector using the trp promoter.
- indole acrylic acid or the like may be added to the medium.
- a medium for culturing a transformant obtained using an animal cell as a host a commonly used RPMI 1640 medium [The Journal of the American Medical Association, 199, 519 (1967)], Eagle's MEM medium [Science, 122 , 501 (1952)], Dulbecco's modified MEM medium [Virology, 8, 396 (1959)], 199 medium [Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 73, 1 (1950)], Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium (IMDM) medium, or a medium obtained by adding fetal bovine serum (FBS) or the like to these mediums.
- RPMI 1640 medium The Journal of the American Medical Association, 199, 519 (1967)]
- Eagle's MEM medium Science, 122 , 501 (1952)]
- Dulbecco's modified MEM medium Virology, 8, 396 (1959)]
- 199 medium Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 73, 1
- the culture is usually carried out for 1 to 7 days under conditions such as pH 6 to 8, 30 to 40 ° C., and 5% CO 2 .
- a method for producing CD40 there are a method of producing it in a host cell, a method of producing it outside the host cell, or a method of producing it on the outer membrane of the host cell. Changing the host cell to be used and the structure of CD40 to be produced. Thus, an appropriate method can be selected.
- CD40 When CD40 is produced in the host cell or on the host cell outer membrane, the method of Paulson et al. [J. Biol. Chem. , 264, 17619 (1989)], Law et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , USA, 86, 8227 (1989), Genes Develop. , 4, 1288 (1990)], and actively secreting CD40 out of the host cell by using the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-336963 or International Publication No. 94/23021. be able to.
- the production amount of CD40 can be increased using a gene amplification system using a dihydrofolate reductase gene or the like (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-227075).
- the CD40 obtained can be isolated and purified as follows, for example.
- the cells When CD40 is expressed in a dissolved state in the cells, the cells are collected by centrifugation after culturing, suspended in an aqueous buffer, and then used with an ultrasonic crusher, a French press, a Manton Gaurin homogenizer, or a dynomill. The cells are disrupted to obtain a cell-free extract.
- an ordinary protein isolation and purification method that is, a solvent extraction method, a salting-out method using ammonium sulfate, a desalting method, a precipitation method using an organic solvent, diethylamino Anion exchange chromatography using a resin such as ethyl (DEAE) -Sepharose, DIAION HPA-75 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical), cation exchange chromatography using a resin such as S-Sepharose FF (manufactured by Pharmacia) , Methods such as hydrophobic chromatography using resins such as butyl sepharose and phenyl sepharose, gel filtration using molecular sieve, affinity chromatography, chromatofocusing, or electrophoresis such as isoelectric focusing To obtain a purified sample Door can be.
- a solvent extraction method ethyl (DEAE) -Sepharose, DIAION HPA-75 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical)
- CD40 When CD40 is expressed in the form of an insoluble substance in the cell, the cell is collected and crushed in the same manner as described above, and centrifuged to collect the insoluble substance of CD40 as a precipitate fraction.
- the recovered insoluble matter of CD40 is solubilized with a protein denaturant. After the solubilized solution is diluted or dialyzed to restore the CD40 to a normal three-dimensional structure, a purified polypeptide preparation can be obtained by the same isolation and purification method as described above.
- the derivative such as CD40 or a modified sugar thereof can be recovered from the culture supernatant.
- a soluble fraction can be obtained by treating the culture by a method such as centrifugation as described above, and a purified preparation can be obtained from the soluble fraction by using the same isolation and purification method as described above. it can.
- CD40 used in the present invention can also be produced by a chemical synthesis method such as the Fmoc method or the tBoc method.
- chemical chemistry is performed using peptide synthesizers such as Advanced Chemtech, Perkin Elmer, Pharmacia, Protein Technology Instrument, Synthecel-Vega, Perceptive, or Shimadzu. It can also be synthesized.
- (2) Immunization of animals and preparation of antibody-producing cells for fusion 3 to 20-week-old animals such as mice, rats or hamsters are immunized with the antigen obtained in (1), and the spleen, lymph nodes, Collect antibody-producing cells in peripheral blood.
- CD40 knockout mice can be used as immunized animals when the immunogenicity is low and sufficient increase in antibody titer is not observed in the above animals.
- Immunization is carried out by administering the antigen subcutaneously, intravenously or intraperitoneally to the animal together with an appropriate adjuvant such as Freund's complete adjuvant or aluminum hydroxide gel and pertussis vaccine.
- an appropriate adjuvant such as Freund's complete adjuvant or aluminum hydroxide gel and pertussis vaccine.
- the antigen is a partial peptide
- a conjugate with a carrier protein such as BSA (bovine serum albumin) or KLH (Keyhole limpet hemocyanin) is prepared and used as an immunogen.
- BSA bovine serum albumin
- KLH Keyhole limpet hemocyanin
- the antigen is administered 5 to 10 times every 1 to 2 weeks after the first administration. Three to seven days after each administration, blood is collected from the fundus venous plexus, and the antibody titer of the serum is measured using an enzyme immunoassay [Antibodies-A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1988)]. An animal whose serum shows a sufficient antibody titer against the antigen used for immunization is used as a source of antibody producing cells for fusion.
- tissues containing antibody-producing cells such as the spleen are removed from the immunized animal, and antibody-producing cells are collected.
- the spleen is shredded and loosened, and then centrifuged, and the erythrocytes are removed to obtain antibody producing cells for fusion.
- (3) Preparation of myeloma cells As a myeloma cell, a cell line obtained from a mouse is used.
- an 8-azaguanine resistant mouse BALB / c-derived myeloma cell line P3-X63Ag8-U1 (P3- U1) [Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 18, 1 (1978)], P3-NS1 / 1-Ag41 (NS-1) [European J. et al. Immunology, 6, 511 (1976)], SP2 / 0-Ag14 (SP-2) [Nature, 276, 269 (1978)], P3-X63-Ag8653 (653) [J. Immunology, 123, 1548 (1979)] or P3-X63-Ag8 (X63) [Nature, 256, 495 (1975)] or the like is used.
- the myeloma cells are passaged in normal medium [RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with glutamine, 2-mercaptoethanol, gentamicin, FBS, and 8-azaguanine] and passaged to normal medium 3-4 days prior to cell fusion. On the day of fusion, secure a cell count of 2 ⁇ 10 7 or more.
- RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with glutamine, 2-mercaptoethanol, gentamicin, FBS, and 8-azaguanine
- the cells After loosening the precipitated cells, the cells are gently suspended in the HAT medium [normal medium containing hypoxanthine, thymidine, and aminopterin] to the antibody-producing cells for fusion. This suspension is cultured for 7-14 days at 37 ° C. in a 5% CO 2 incubator.
- HAT medium normal medium containing hypoxanthine, thymidine, and aminopterin
- a part of the culture supernatant is extracted, and a cell group that reacts with an antigen containing CD40 and does not react with an antigen not containing CD40 is selected by a hybridoma selection method such as a binding assay described later.
- cloning was repeated twice by the limiting dilution method (first time was HT medium (medium obtained by removing aminopterin from HAT medium), second time normal medium was used), and a stable and strong antibody titer was observed.
- One is selected as a monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma.
- the monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma obtained in (4) is cultured in an RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, the supernatant is removed by centrifugation, and the suspension is suspended in a Hybridoma SFM medium and cultured for 3 to 7 days. .
- the obtained cell suspension is centrifuged, and purified using a protein A-column or protein G-column from the resulting supernatant, and the IgG fraction is collected to obtain a purified monoclonal antibody.
- 5% Digo GF21 can also be added to the Hybridoma SFM medium.
- the subclass of the antibody is determined by an enzyme immunoassay using a subcluster epiting kit. The amount of protein is calculated from the Raleigh method or absorbance at 280 nm. (6) Selection of monoclonal antibody The monoclonal antibody is selected by a binding assay by the enzyme immunoassay shown below.
- the antigen is obtained from a gene-transferred cell, a recombinant protein, or a human tissue obtained by introducing an expression vector containing cDNA encoding CD40 obtained in (1) into E. coli, yeast, insect cells, or animal cells. Purified polypeptide or partial peptide is used. When the antigen is a partial peptide, a conjugate with a carrier protein such as BSA or KLH is prepared and used.
- a carrier protein such as BSA or KLH
- a test substance such as serum, hybridoma culture supernatant or purified monoclonal antibody is dispensed as the first antibody and allowed to react.
- an anti-immunoglobulin antibody labeled with biotin, an enzyme, a chemiluminescent substance, a radiation compound or the like is dispensed and reacted as a second antibody.
- a reaction is performed according to the labeling substance of the second antibody, and a monoclonal antibody that specifically reacts with the immunogen is selected.
- the monoclonal antibody that competes with the monoclonal antibody that binds to human CD40 of the present invention and binds to CD40 can be obtained by adding the test antibody to the above-described binding assay system and allowing it to react. That is, by screening for an antibody that inhibits the binding of a monoclonal antibody when a test antibody is added, a monoclonal antibody that competes with the acquired monoclonal antibody for binding to CD40 can be obtained.
- the epitope that is recognized by the monoclonal antibody that binds to CD40 of the present invention and the antibody that binds to the same epitope are identified by identifying the epitope of the antibody obtained by the above-mentioned binding assay system, and a partial of the identified epitope. It can be obtained by preparing a synthetic peptide or a synthetic peptide mimicking the three-dimensional structure of an epitope and immunizing it.
- agonist activity can be measured by various assays. For example, as shown in the Examples, there is a method for measuring the promotion of CD95 expression by an anti-CD40 antibody using Ramos cells.
- Production of Recombinant Antibody As an example of producing a recombinant antibody, a method for producing a human chimeric antibody and a human CDR-grafted antibody is shown below.
- a recombinant antibody expression vector is an expression vector for animal cells in which DNAs encoding human antibodies CH and CL are incorporated, and the expression vector for animal cells is human. It can be constructed by cloning DNAs encoding antibody CH and CL, respectively.
- Any human antibody CH and CL can be used for the C region of a human antibody.
- ⁇ 1 subclass CH and ⁇ class CL of human antibodies are used.
- cDNA is used for DNA encoding CH and CL of human antibodies
- chromosomal DNA consisting of exons and introns can also be used.
- Any animal cell expression vector can be used as long as it can incorporate and express a gene encoding the C region of a human antibody. For example, pAGE107 [Cytotechnol. , 3, 133 (1990)], pAGE103 [J. Biochem. , 101, 1307 (1987)], pHSG274 [Gene, 27, 223 (1984)], pKCR [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
- the promoter and enhancer include the SV40 early promoter [J. Biochem. , 101, 1307 (1987)], Moloney murine leukemia virus LTR [Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , 149, 960 (1987)], or an immunoglobulin heavy chain promoter [Cell, 41, 479 (1985)] and an enhancer [Cell, 33, 717 (1983)].
- Recombinant antibody expression vectors balance the ease of construction of recombinant antibody expression vectors, the ease of introduction into animal cells, and the balance of expression levels of antibody H and L chains in animal cells.
- a vector for expressing a recombinant antibody of a type (tandem type) in which the antibody H chain and L chain are present on the same vector [J. Immunol. Methods, 167, 271 (1994)]
- pKANTEX93 International Publication No.
- MRNA is extracted from hybridoma cells producing non-human antibodies, and cDNA is synthesized.
- the synthesized cDNA is cloned into a vector such as a phage or a plasmid to prepare a cDNA library.
- Recombinant phages or recombinant plasmids having cDNA encoding VH or VL are isolated from the library using DNA encoding the C region portion or V region portion of the mouse antibody as a probe.
- the entire base sequence of VH or VL of the target mouse antibody on the recombinant phage or recombinant plasmid is determined, respectively, and the total amino acid sequence of VH or VL is estimated from the base sequence.
- non-human animal for producing a hybridoma cell producing a non-human antibody a mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit or the like is used, but any animal can be used as long as it can produce a hybridoma cell. .
- RNA easy kit For preparation of total RNA from hybridoma cells, the guanidine thiocyanate-cesium trifluoroacetate method [Methods in Enzymol. , 154, 3 (1987)], or a kit such as RNA easy kit (Qiagen).
- oligo (dT) -immobilized cellulose column method For preparation of mRNA from total RNA, oligo (dT) -immobilized cellulose column method [Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Press (1989)], or OligoSurPK ⁇ 30 Use a kit such as (Takara Bio).
- mRNA can be prepared from hybridoma cells using a kit such as Fast Track mRNA Isolation Kit (manufactured by Invitrogen) or QuickPrep mRNA Purification Kit (manufactured by Pharmacia).
- any vector can be used as a vector into which cDNA synthesized using mRNA extracted from a hybridoma cell as a template is incorporated.
- ZAP Express [Stratesies, 5, 58 (1992)], pBluescript II SK (+) [Nucleic Acids Research, 17, 9494 (1989)], ⁇ ZAPII (Stratagene), ⁇ gt11 DNA, gtgt10 Approach, I, 49 (1985)], Lambda BlueMid (Clontech), ⁇ ExCell, pT7T3-18U (Pharmacia), pcD2 [Mol. Cell. Biol. , 3, 280 (1983)], or pUC18 [Gene, 33, 103 (1985)].
- Escherichia coli into which a cDNA library constructed by a phage or plasmid vector is introduced can be used as long as the cDNA library can be introduced, expressed and maintained.
- PCR method Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition, Cold Spring 9 (ColdSpringLarbor 198) ), Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Supplement 1, John Wiley & Sons (1987-1997)] can also be used to prepare cDNA encoding VH or VL.
- the selected cDNA is cleaved with an appropriate restriction enzyme and then cloned into a plasmid such as pBluescript SK (-) (Stratagene), and the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA is determined by a commonly used nucleotide sequence analysis method.
- a base sequence analysis method include the dideoxy method [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 74, 5463 (1977)], etc., and then ABI PRISM 3700 (manufactured by PE Biosystems) or A.I. L. F. An automatic base sequence analyzer such as a DNA sequencer (Pharmacia) is used.
- the length of the secretory signal sequence and the N-terminal amino acid sequence can be estimated, and further, the subgroup to which they belong can be known.
- amino acid sequences of CDRs of VH and VL, VH and VL amino acid sequences of known antibodies [Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, US Dept. It can be found by comparing with "Health and Human Services (1991)”.
- VH and VL complete amino acid sequences for example, the BLAST method [J. Mol. Biol. , 215, 403 (1990)] and the like, it can be confirmed whether the complete amino acid sequences of VH and VL are novel.
- the non-human antibody VH or VL is upstream of each gene encoding CH or CL of the human antibody of the recombinant antibody expression vector obtained in (1), respectively.
- a human chimeric antibody expression vector can be constructed by cloning each of the encoded cDNAs.
- the base sequence of the linking portion encodes an appropriate amino acid
- VH and VL cDNAs designed to be appropriate restriction enzyme recognition sequences are prepared.
- the prepared VH and VL cDNAs are expressed in an appropriate form upstream of each gene encoding the human antibody CH or CL of the human CDR-grafted antibody expression vector obtained in (1).
- Each is cloned to construct a human chimeric antibody expression vector.
- a cDNA encoding the non-human antibody VH or VL is amplified by a PCR method using a synthetic DNA having a recognition sequence of an appropriate restriction enzyme at both ends, and the recombinant antibody expression vector obtained in (1) Can also be cloned.
- Construction of cDNA encoding V region of human CDR-grafted antibody A cDNA encoding VH or VL of human CDR-grafted antibody can be constructed as follows.
- the amino acid sequence of the VH or VL FR of the human antibody to be grafted with the VH or VL CDR amino acid sequence of the non-human antibody is selected. Any amino acid sequence can be used as long as it is derived from a human antibody.
- the FR amino acid sequence of human antibodies registered in databases such as Protein Data Bank, or the common amino acid sequence of each subgroup of FRs of human antibodies [Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, US Dept. Health and Human Services (1991)] are used.
- an FR amino acid sequence having the highest homology (at least 60% or more) with the FR amino acid sequence of the VH or VL of the original antibody is selected.
- the amino acid sequence of the CDR of the original antibody is transplanted to the amino acid sequence of VH or VL of the selected human antibody, respectively, and the amino acid sequence of VH or VL of the human CDR-grafted antibody is designed.
- Frequency of codon usage of the designed amino acid sequence in the base sequence of the antibody gene [Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, US Dept. Considering “Health and Human Services (1991)”, the DNA sequence is converted into a DNA sequence, and the DNA sequence encoding the VH or VL amino acid sequence of the human CDR-grafted antibody is designed.
- the human CDR-grafted antibody VH can be easily added to the human CDR-grafted antibody expression vector obtained in (1).
- cDNA encoding VL can be cloned.
- each H chain and L chain full-length synthetic DNA synthesized as one DNA based on the designed DNA sequence.
- the amplified product is cloned into a plasmid such as pBluescript SK ( ⁇ ) (Stratagene), the base sequence is determined by the same method as described in (2), and the desired human CDR is obtained.
- a plasmid having a DNA sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of the VH or VL of the transplanted antibody is obtained.
- Modification of V region amino acid sequence of human CDR-grafted antibody A human CDR-grafted antibody can be obtained by transplanting only non-human antibody VH and VL CDRs into human antibody VH and VL FRs. The binding activity is reduced compared to the original non-human antibody [BIO / TECHNOLOGY, 9, 266 (1991)].
- amino acid residues that are directly involved in binding to the antigen amino acid residues that interact with the CDR amino acid residues, and Decreased by maintaining the three-dimensional structure of the antibody, identifying amino acid residues indirectly involved in antigen binding, and substituting those amino acid residues with the amino acid residues of the original non-human antibody Antigen binding activity can be increased.
- the amino acid residues of FR of human antibody VH and VL can be modified by performing the PCR reaction described in (4) using the synthetic DNA for modification.
- the base sequence is determined by the method described in (2) and it is confirmed that the target modification has been performed.
- cDNA encoding VL can be cloned, and a human CDR-grafted antibody expression vector can be constructed.
- a recognition sequence for an appropriate restriction enzyme at the 5 ′ end of the synthetic DNA located at both ends are introduced into the human CDR-grafted antibody expression vector obtained in (1), and cloned so as to be expressed in an appropriate form upstream of each gene encoding CH or CL of the human antibody.
- Transient expression of recombinant antibodies Transient expression of recombinant antibodies using the recombinant antibody expression vectors obtained in (3) and (6) or modified expression vectors
- Any host cell capable of expressing a recombinant antibody can be used as the host cell into which the expression vector is introduced.
- COS-7 cells American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) number: CRL1651] are used. Use [Methods in Nucleic Acids Res. , CRC press, 283 (1991)].
- the expression level and antigen-binding activity of the recombinant antibody in the culture supernatant are measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [Monoclonal Antibodies-Principles and practices, Academic Press (1996), Antibodies-A-L Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1988), monoclonal antibody experiment manual, Kodansha Scientific (1987)] and the like.
- enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- (8) Obtaining a transformant that stably expresses the recombinant antibody and preparation of the recombinant antibody Introducing the recombinant antibody expression vector obtained in (3) and (6) into an appropriate host cell
- a transformed strain that stably expresses the recombinant antibody can be obtained.
- Any host cell capable of expressing a recombinant antibody can be used as a host cell into which the recombinant antibody expression vector is introduced.
- CHO-K1 ATCC CCL-61
- DUkXB11 ATCC CCL-9096
- Pro-5 ATCC CCL-1781
- CHO-S Life Technologies, Cat # 11619
- mice 20 also referred to as YB2 / 0
- mouse myeloma cell NSO mouse myeloma cell SP2 / 0-Ag14
- mouse P3X63-Ag8.653 cell ATCC number: CRL1580
- dihydrofolate reductase gene (Hereinafter referred to as dhfr) deficient CHO cells [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 77, 4216 (1980)], lectin-resistant Lec13 [Somatic Cell and Molecular genetics, 12, 55 (1986)]
- CHO cells deficient in the ⁇ 1,6-fucose transferase gene International Publication No. 2005 / No. 035586, WO 02/31140
- rat YB2 / 3HL. P2. G11.16 Ag. 20 cells (ATCC number: CRL1662) are used.
- a transformant that stably expresses the recombinant antibody is selected by culturing in an animal cell culture medium containing a drug such as G418 sulfate (hereinafter referred to as G418) (Japan).
- G418 sulfate hereinafter referred to as G418, (Japan).
- Examples of the medium for animal cell culture include RPMI1640 medium (manufactured by Invitrogen), GIT medium (manufactured by Nippon Pharmaceutical), EX-CELL301 medium (manufactured by JRH), IMDM medium (manufactured by Invitrogen), Hybridoma-SFM medium ( Invitrogen) or a medium obtained by adding various additives such as FBS to these mediums.
- RPMI1640 medium manufactured by Invitrogen
- GIT medium manufactured by Nippon Pharmaceutical
- EX-CELL301 medium manufactured by JRH
- IMDM medium manufactured by Invitrogen
- Hybridoma-SFM medium Invitrogen
- a medium obtained by adding various additives such as FBS
- the transformed strain can increase the expression level of the recombinant antibody using a DHFR amplification system (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-257891). 3. Purification of Monoclonal Antibody Recombinant antibodies are purified from the culture supernatant of transformed strains using a protein A-column [Monoclonal Antibodies-Principles and practices, Academic Press (1996), Antibiotics-Moratory Bio- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1988)]. In addition, methods used in protein purification such as gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography, and ultrafiltration can be combined.
- the molecular weight of the purified recombinant antibody H chain, L chain, or whole antibody molecule can be determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [Nature, 227, 680 (1970)] or Western blotting [Monoclonal Antibodies-Principles and practices, Third]. edition, Academic Press (1996), Antibodies-A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1988)]. 4). Evaluation of activity of purified monoclonal antibody The activity of the purified monoclonal antibody of the present invention can be evaluated as follows.
- the binding activity to the CD40-expressing cell line is measured using the binding assay described in 1- (6) above and the surface plasmon resonance method using the Biacore system. In addition, the fluorescent antibody method [Cancer Immunol. Immunother. , 36, 373 (1993)].
- CDC activity or ADCC activity against an antigen-positive cultured cell line is measured by a known measurement method [Cancer Immunol. Immunother. , 36, 373 (1993)].
- agonist activity can be measured by various assays. For example, as shown in the Examples, there is a method for measuring the promotion of CD95 expression by an anti-CD40 antibody using Ramos cells. 4).
- Method for controlling effector activity of antibody As a method for controlling the effector activity of the monoclonal antibody of the present invention, it exists at the reducing end of the N-linked complex sugar chain that binds to the 297th asparagine (Asn) of the Fc region of the antibody.
- Effector activity refers to antibody-dependent activity caused through the Fc region of an antibody.
- Antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity ADCC activity
- complement-dependent cytotoxic activity CDC activity
- macrophages macrophages
- dendritic cells Antibody-dependent phagocytosis (antibody-dependent phagocytosis, ADP activity) such as phagocytic cells is known.
- the antibody is expressed using CHO cells deficient in ⁇ 1,6-fucose transferase gene, An antibody to which fucose is not bound can be obtained.
- Antibodies without fucose binding have high ADCC activity.
- the antibody is expressed using a host cell into which an ⁇ 1,6-fucose transferase gene has been introduced.
- an antibody to which fucose is bound can be obtained.
- An antibody to which fucose is bound has a lower ADCC activity than an antibody to which fucose is not bound.
- ADCC activity and CDC activity can be increased or decreased by modifying amino acid residues in the Fc region of the antibody. Since ADCC and CDC activities are known to vary in activity depending on the antibody subclass, ADCC and CDC activities can be reduced by subclass conversion. For example, among human IgG subclasses, IgG4 is known as a subclass with low ADCC and CDC activity, IgG2 has CDC activity, but ADCC activity is low, and IgG1 has both ADCC and CDC activity. (Charles A. Janeway et. Al. Immunobiology, 1997, Current Biology Ltd / Garland u Publishing Inc.). By taking advantage of this feature, an antibody with less cytotoxic activity can be obtained by selecting a specific subclass. In addition, an antibody having a desired activity can be produced by combining a specific subclass of antibody with a point mutation.
- Glu233-Ser239, Gly316-Lys338, Lys274-Arg301, Tyr407-Arg416, Asn297, Glu318, Leu234-Ser239, Asp265-Glu269, Asn297-Thr299, Ala327-Ile332 are related to IgG and Fc.
- ADCC activity can be reduced by introducing mutations in this region. Specifically, the ability to bind to FcR can be reduced by replacing L235 with E.
- an antibody with controlled effector activity of an antibody can be obtained by combining the above point mutations and using it for one antibody.
- the anti-CD40 antibody having agonist activity can be used as a therapeutic agent for various diseases by having the ability to activate immunity. Therefore, is there no ADCC activity and CDC activity leading to cell death of CD40-expressing cells involved in the activation? Alternatively, it is considered preferable to be reduced. If the CD40-expressing cells are damaged by ADCC activity or CDC activity, there is a possibility that the immunosuppressed state is opposite to the expected immune activation, which may lead to exacerbation of the disease. 5).
- Method for Treating Disease Using Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody of the Present Invention The monoclonal antibody of the present invention can be used for the treatment of malignant tumors or infectious diseases.
- the therapeutic agent containing the monoclonal antibody of the present invention may contain only the antibody as an active ingredient, but it is usually mixed with one or more pharmacologically acceptable carriers and formulated. Provided as a pharmaceutical preparation produced by a method known in the art.
- the administration route includes oral administration or parenteral administration such as buccal, intratracheal, rectal, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous, and the administration form includes spray, capsule, tablet, powder, granule Agents, syrups, emulsions, suppositories, injections, ointments, or tapes.
- oral administration or parenteral administration such as buccal, intratracheal, rectal, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous
- the administration form includes spray, capsule, tablet, powder, granule Agents, syrups, emulsions, suppositories, injections, ointments, or tapes.
- Suitable formulations for oral administration are emulsions, syrups, capsules, tablets, powders, or granules.
- Liquid preparations such as emulsions or syrups include sugars such as water, sucrose, sorbitol or fructose, glycols such as polyethylene glycol or propylene glycol, oils such as sesame oil, olive oil or soybean oil, p-hydroxybenzoic acid Manufactured using preservatives such as esters or flavors such as strawberry flavor or peppermint as additives.
- Capsules, tablets, powders or granules include excipients such as lactose, glucose, sucrose or mannitol, disintegrants such as starch or sodium alginate, lubricants such as magnesium stearate or talc, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxy A binder such as propylcellulose or gelatin, a surfactant such as fatty acid ester, or a plasticizer such as glycerin is used as an additive.
- Suitable formulations for parenteral administration include injections, suppositories or sprays.
- Injection is manufactured using a carrier made of a salt solution, a glucose solution, or a mixture of both.
- Suppositories are produced using a carrier such as cacao butter, hydrogenated fat or carboxylic acid.
- the propellant is manufactured using a carrier that does not irritate the recipient's oral cavity and airway mucosa, and in which the monoclonal antibody of the present invention is dispersed as fine particles to facilitate absorption.
- a carrier for example, lactose or glycerin is used. It can also be produced as an aerosol or dry powder.
- the diagnosis of cancer which is one of the diseases associated with CD40, can be performed by detecting or measuring CD40 as follows, for example.
- Diagnosis can be made by detecting CD40 expressed in cancer cells in a patient using an immunological technique such as a flow cytometer.
- the immunological technique is a method of detecting or measuring the amount of antibody or the amount of antigen using a labeled antigen or antibody.
- a radioactive substance labeled immunoassay method for example, a radioactive substance labeled immunoassay method, an enzyme immunoassay method, a fluorescence immunoassay method, a luminescence immunoassay method, a Western blot method or a physicochemical method is used.
- the radioactive substance-labeled immunoantibody method includes, for example, reacting the antigen of the present invention with an antigen or cells expressing the antigen, and further reacting with a radiolabeled anti-immunoglobulin antibody or binding fragment, followed by a scintillation counter, etc. Measure with
- the enzyme immunoassay is performed, for example, by reacting the antibody of the present invention with an antigen or cells expressing the antigen, and further reacting with a labeled anti-immunoglobulin antibody or binding fragment, and then adding a coloring dye to an absorptiometer. Measure with for example, a sandwich ELISA method is used.
- a label used in the enzyme immunoassay an enzyme label known in the art [Enzyme Immunoassay, Medical Shoin (1987)] can be used. For example, alkaline phosphatase label, peroxidase label, luciferase label, biotin label or the like is used.
- the sandwich ELISA method is a method of binding an antibody to a solid phase, trapping an antigen to be detected or measured, and reacting a second antibody with the trapped antigen.
- two types of antibodies or antibody fragments that recognize an antigen to be detected or measured and that have different antigen recognition sites are prepared, of which the first antibody or antibody fragment is pre-plated (for example, 96 Next, the second antibody or antibody fragment is labeled with a fluorescent substance such as FITC, an enzyme such as peroxidase, or biotin.
- the detected monoclonal antibody or antibody fragment is reacted, and a detection reaction according to the labeling substance is performed.
- the antigen concentration in the test sample is calculated from a calibration curve prepared by diluting antigens with known concentrations stepwise.
- an antibody used in the sandwich ELISA method either a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody may be used, and an antibody fragment such as Fab, Fab ′, or F (ab) 2 may be used.
- the combination of two types of antibodies used in the sandwich ELISA method may be a combination of monoclonal antibodies or antibody fragments recognizing different epitopes, or a combination of polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies or antibody fragments.
- the fluorescence immunoassay is described in the literature [Monoclonal Antibodies-Principles and practices, Third edition, Academic Press (1996), Monoclonal Antibody Experiment Manual, Kodansha Scientific (1987)].
- a label used in the fluorescence immunoassay a fluorescent label known in the art [fluorescent antibody method, Soft Science (1983)] can be used.
- FITC or RITC is used.
- Luminescent immunoassay is performed by the method described in the literature [Bioluminescence and chemiluminescence, clinical examination 42, Yodogawa Shoten (1998)].
- Examples of the label used in the luminescence immunoassay include known phosphor labels, such as acridinium ester and lophine.
- an antigen or cells expressing the antigen are fractionated with SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) -PAGE [Antibodies- A Laboratory Manual Cold Spring Laboratory (1988)], and then the gel is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
- SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
- PAGE Polyvinylidene fluoride
- Cells and tissues expressing CD40 are lysed, and 0.1 to 30 ⁇ g of protein per lane is electrophoresed by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
- the migrated protein is transferred to a PVDF membrane and reacted with PBS containing 1 to 10% BSA (hereinafter referred to as BSA-PBS) at room temperature for 30 minutes to perform a blocking operation.
- BSA-PBS PBS containing 1 to 10% BSA
- Tween-PBS PBS containing 0.05 to 0.1% Tween-20
- Tween-PBS peroxidase-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG was washed at room temperature. React for 2 hours.
- CD40 is detected by washing with Tween-PBS and detecting the band to which the monoclonal antibody is bound using ECL Western Blotting Detection Reagents (manufactured by Amersham).
- ECL Western Blotting Detection Reagents manufactured by Amersham.
- an antibody used for detection by Western blotting an antibody capable of binding to a polypeptide that does not have a natural three-dimensional structure is used.
- the physicochemical method is performed by, for example, forming an aggregate by binding CD40 as an antigen and the monoclonal antibody of the present invention, and detecting the aggregate.
- a capillary method, a one-dimensional immunodiffusion method, an immunoturbidimetric method, or a latex immunoturbidimetric method [Presentation of clinical testing method, Kanbara Publishing (1998)] can be used as a physicochemical method.
- Latex immunoturbidimetry is a method in which an antibody or antigen-sensitized carrier such as polystyrene latex having a particle size of about 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m is used to cause an antigen-antibody reaction with the corresponding antigen or antibody. Scattered light increases and transmitted light decreases. By detecting this change as absorbance or integrating sphere turbidity, the antigen concentration in the test sample is measured.
- a known immunological detection method for detection or measurement of cells expressing CD40, a known immunological detection method can be used.
- immunoprecipitation method immune cell staining method, immunohistochemical staining method, fluorescent antibody staining method, etc. Is used.
- CD40-expressing cells and the like are reacted with the monoclonal antibody of the present invention, and then a carrier having a specific binding ability to immunoglobulin such as protein G-sepharose is added to precipitate the antigen-antibody complex. .
- a carrier having a specific binding ability to immunoglobulin such as protein G-sepharose is added to precipitate the antigen-antibody complex.
- the following method can be used.
- the above-described monoclonal antibody of the present invention is immobilized on a 96-well plate for ELISA, and then blocked with BSA-PBS.
- the antibody When the antibody is in an unpurified state, such as a hybridoma culture supernatant, anti-mouse immunoglobulin, anti-rat immunoglobulin, protein-A or protein-G is immobilized on a 96-well plate for ELISA in advance. After blocking with BSA-PBS, the hybridoma culture supernatant is dispensed and bound. Next, after discarding the BSA-PBS and thoroughly washing with PBS, a lysate of cells or tissues expressing CD40 is reacted. Immunoprecipitates are extracted from the well-washed plate with SDS-PAGE sample buffer and detected by Western blotting as described above.
- an unpurified state such as a hybridoma culture supernatant, anti-mouse immunoglobulin, anti-rat immunoglobulin, protein-A or protein-G is immobilized on a 96-well plate for ELISA in advance. After blocking with BSA-PBS, the hybridoma culture supernatant
- the immune cell staining method or the immunohistochemical staining method is a method in which cells or tissues expressing an antigen are treated with a surfactant or methanol to improve the passage of the antibody in some cases, and then reacted with the monoclonal antibody of the present invention. And then reacting with a fluorescent label such as FITC, an enzyme label such as peroxidase or a biotin label, or an anti-immunoglobulin antibody or a binding fragment thereof, then the label is visualized and microscopically observed .
- a fluorescent antibody staining method [Monoclonal Antibodies-Principles and Practices, Third edition, Academic Press (1996), Monoclonal Antibody Experiment Manual, Kodansha, Inc. Fick (1987)].
- antibodies that bind to the extracellular region of CD40 can detect cells that are expressed while retaining the natural three-dimensional structure by fluorescent antibody staining.
- the formed antibody-antigen complex and the free that is not involved in the formation of the antibody-antigen complex can be measured without separating the antibody or antigen.
- IgG2-AAS (341) antibody (1) DNA sequence of heavy chain (SEQ ID NO: 1) ATGTCTGTCT CCTTCCTCAT CTTCCTGCCC GTGCTGGGCC TCCCATGGGG TGTCCTGTCA CAGGTCCAAC TGCAGCAGTC AGGTCCAGGA CTGGTGAAGC CCTCGCAGAC CCTCTCACTC ACCTGTGCCA TCTCCGGGGA CAGTGTCTCT AGCAACAGTG CTACTTGGAA CTGGATCAGG CAGTCCCCAT CGAGAGACCT TGAGTGGCTG GGAAGGACAT ACTACAGGTC CAAGTGGTAT CGTGATTATG TAGGATCTGT GAAAAGTCGA ATAATCATCA ACCCAGACAC ATCCAACAAC CAGTTCTCCC TGCAGCTGAA CTCTGTGACT
- an antibody produced by hybridoma KM341-1-19 (Accession No. BP-7759) (hereinafter referred to as 341-1-19 antibody)
- a DNA fragment containing the heavy chain variable region DNA (SEQ ID NO: 3) and a light chain variable region DNA (SEQ ID NO: 13) were prepared.
- a DNA fragment containing the DNA (SEQ ID NO: 23) of 21.4.1 (hereinafter referred to as 21.4.1 antibody) heavy chain variable region, And a DNA fragment containing the light chain variable region DNA (SEQ ID NO: 27).
- DNA coding for IgG2 (SEQ ID NO: 29) in which valine at position 234 is replaced with alanine, glutamine at position 237 is replaced with alanine, and proline at position 331 is replaced with serine (numbers are based on EU index by Kabat et al.)
- a DNA fragment containing DNA to which the stop codon TGA was added (hereinafter referred to as IgG2-AAS / DNA) was prepared and placed in an N5KG2-Val Lark vector (IDEC Pharmaceuticals: hereinafter abbreviated as N5KG2 vector) having an IgG2 constant region. .
- DNA (hereinafter referred to as IgG2-S / DNA) in which a stop codon TGA is added to DNA (SEQ ID NO: 31) encoding IgG2 in which proline at position 331 is substituted with serine (the number is based on the EU index by Kabat et al.).
- N5KG2-Val Lark vector was prepared by the method described in WO05 / 063981. That is, a DNA fragment containing IgG2-S / DNA was prepared, from which a DNA fragment containing IgG2-S / DNA was cleaved with NheI and BamHI and replaced with DNA encoding the IgG2 constant region of the N5KG2 vector.
- This expression vector was named N5KG2 / P331S vector.
- N5KG2 / V234A / G237A / P331S vector and N5KG2 / P331S vector were cleaved with BglII and BsiWI, respectively, to insert a DNA fragment containing the light chain variable region DNA of the above 341-1-19 antibody, followed by SalI
- the expression vectors that were IgG2 (numbers are based on the EU index by Kabat et al.) Were completed (named N5KG2 / V234A / G237
- N5KG2_V234A_G237A_P331S or N5KG2 _P331S vector was digested with BglII and BsiWI, and similarly, an expression vector into which a DNA fragment containing a 21.4.1 antibody light chain variable region DNA and a DNA fragment containing a heavy chain variable region DNA were inserted Were completed (named N5KG2 / V234A / G237A / P331S-21.4.1 vector and N5KG2 / P331S-21.4.1 vector, respectively).
- Example 1 Expression and purification of antibody
- the expression vector prepared in Example 1 was prepared with EndoFree Plasmid Kit (Qiagen), and the expression vector was suspended in free-floating 293 cells using FreeStyle TM 293 Expression System (Invitrogen Life Technology). Invitrogen Life Technology Co., Ltd.), and culture supernatants containing each antibody were obtained by transient expression.
- the culture supernatant (approximately 500 ⁇ g as IgG) filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m membrane filter (MILLIPORE) was charged into HiTrap rProtein A FF (column volume 1 mL) (Amersham Biosciences), an affinity column for antibody purification.
- HiTrap rProtein A FF column volume 1 mL
- the Ramos cell line was suspended in a staining buffer (SB) containing PBS containing 0.1% NaN3, 2 mM EDTA and 2% FCS at a concentration of 2 ⁇ 10 6 cells / mL.
- the cell suspension 100 ⁇ L / well) was dispensed into a 96-well round bottom plate (Becton Dickinson).
- Purified antibody 50 ⁇ L was added and incubated at ice temperature for 30 minutes.
- a human IgG2 antibody against 2,4-dinitrophenol was used.
- a purified antibody (50 ⁇ L) was added and incubated at ice temperature for 15 minutes.
- Ramos cells were suspended in RPMI1640 medium (GIBCO Cat # 31800105) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen Cat # 10099-141) and seeded in a 96-well plate at 50 ⁇ L / well. . Purified antibody was added to a 96-well plate at 50 ⁇ L / well. After overnight culture at 5% CO 2 and 37 ° C., the cells were collected and analyzed using FACS using R-PE labeled anti-CD95 antibody (BD Pharmingen Cat # 555674) in the same manner as in Example 3.
- IgG2-AAS (341) antibody or IgG2-S (341) antibody (1 mg / kg) was intravenously administered. Blood was collected from the vein before and after administration, and allowed to stand at room temperature for 20 to 60 minutes, centrifuged (room temperature, 3000 rpm, 15 minutes) to obtain serum, and stored in an ultra-low temperature freezer until measurement.
- the serum drug concentration was measured by ELISA.
- Human CD40-human Fc fusion protein diluted in Tris buffered saline (SIGMA Cat # T6664) to 1 ⁇ g / mL in each well of an immunoplate (Greiner Cat # 675097) (WO 02/088186 After adding 100 ⁇ L (prepared with reference to Example 1), it was incubated at 4 ° C. overnight. The solution in the well was discarded and the water was thoroughly removed. After adding 300 ⁇ L of Tris-buffered saline containing 1% BSA (SIGMA Cat # A7638), the mixture was incubated overnight at 4 ° C. Monkey serum was diluted 20-fold with Tris-buffered saline containing 1% BSA.
- IgG2-AAS (341) antibody has a longer residence time in blood than IgG2-S (341) antibody (FIG. 3).
- Fertilized eggs injected with DNA were transplanted into the oviducts of female mice in a pseudopregnant state to produce individuals.
- the tail tip of the obtained individual was digested overnight with protease K / SDS, and then genomic DNA was prepared by phenol chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation.
- genomic DNA was prepared by phenol chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation.
- a part of the human CD40 gene region was amplified by PCR, and individuals having the human CD40 gene were selected.
- Peripheral blood of this mouse was collected at 50 ⁇ L with a heparin-coated capillary, 10 ⁇ L of PE-labeled anti-human CD40 antibody (Beckman Coulter; IM1936U) was added and incubated at ice temperature for 15 minutes.
- IgG2-AAS (341) antibody or IgG2-S (341) antibody was diluted with phosphate buffer and administered to the human CD40BAC transgenic mice (each with 4 antibodies) via tail vein (10 ⁇ g / head).
- a 50 ⁇ g / mL solution was administered at 200 ⁇ L / head.
- Blood was collected from the vein before administration and at 15, 24, and 39 hours after administration, and centrifuged (room temperature, 9000 rpm, 2 minutes) to obtain serum.
- the obtained serum was stored in an ultra-low temperature freezer until measurement, and the serum was diluted 50-fold with phosphate buffer and described in the attached document using TA-LN Kainos (Kainos Cat # TDR5100).
- AST and ALT were measured by the method described. As a result, it was confirmed that the IgG2-AAS (341) antibody had lower concentrations of AST and ALT than the IgG2-S (341) antibody (FIGS. 4A and 4B).
- Antiproliferative activity of antibodies against tumor cells T24 cell line is RPMI1640 medium (GIBCO) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen Cat # 10099-141) at 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / mL. Cat # 31800105) and seeded in a 96-well plate at 50 ⁇ L / well.
- the IgG2-AAS (341) antibody prepared in Example 2 was diluted, added to a 96-well plate at 50 ⁇ L / well, and cultured at 5% CO 2 and 37 ° C. for 3 days.
- IgG2-AAS (341) antibody heavy chain DNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) ATGTCTGTCT CCTTCCTCAT CTTCCTGCCC GTGCTGGGCC TCCCATGGGG TGTCCTGTCA CAGGTCCAAC TGCAGCAGTC AGGTCCAGGA CTGGTGAAGC CCTCGCAGAC CCTCTCACTC ACCTGTGCCA TCTCCGGGGA CAGTGTCTCT AGCAACAGTG CTACTTGGAA CTGGATCAGG CAGTCCCCAT CGAGAGACCT TGAGTGGCTG GGAAGGACAT ACTACAGGTC CAAGTGGTAT CGTGATTATG TAGGATCTGT GAAAAGTCGA ATAATCATCA ACCCAGACAC ATCCAACAAC CAGTTCTCCC TGCAGCTGAA CTCTGTGACT CCCGAGGACA CGGCTATATA TTACTGTACA AGAGCACAGT GGCTGGGAGGATTACCCC TACTACTACA GTATGGACGT CTGGGGCCAA GGGACCACGG TCACCGTCTC CTCA
- Amino acid sequence of heavy chain variable region of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 4)
- QVQLQQSGPG LVKPSQTLSL TCAISGDSVS SNSATWNWIR
- QSPSRDLEWL GRTYYRSKWY RDYVGSVKSR IIINPDTSNN
- QFSLQLNSVT PEDTAIYYCT RAQWLGGDYP YYYSMDVWGQ GTTVTVSS
- Amino acid sequence of heavy chain variable region CDR1 of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 6) SNSATWN
- DNA sequence of heavy chain variable region CDR2 of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 7) AGGACAT ACTACAGGTC CAAGTGGTAT CGTGATTATG TAGGATCTGT GAAAAGT
- DNA sequence of heavy chain variable region CDR3 of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 9) GCACAGT GGCTGGGAGG GGATTACCCC TACTACTACA GTATGGACGT C
- Amino acid sequence of heavy chain variable region CDR3 of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 10) AQWLGGDYP YYYSMDV
- Amino acid sequence of the light chain of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 12) MEAPAQLLFL LLLWLPDTTG EIVLTQSPAT LSLSPGERAT LSCRASQSVS SYLAWYQQKP GQAPRLLIYD ASNRATGIPA RFSGSGGGTD FTLTISSLEP EDFAVYYCQQ RSNTFGPGTK VDIKRTVAAP SVFIFPPSDE QLKSGTASVV CLLNNFYPRE AKVQWKVDNA LQSGNSQESV TEQDSKDSTY SLSSTLTLSK ADYEKHKVYA CEVTHQGLSS PVTKSFNRGE C
- DNA sequence of light chain CDR1 of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 15) A GGGCCAGTCA GAGTGTTAGC AGCTACTTAG CC
- DNA sequence of light chain CDR2 of IgG2-AAS (341) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 17) GAT GCATCCAACA GGGCCACT
- DNA sequence of heavy chain of IgG2-AAS (21.4.1) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 21) ATGGACTGGA CCTGGAGGAT CCTCTTCTTG GTGGCAGCAG CCACAGGAGC CCACTCCCAG GTGCAGCTGG TGCAGTCTGG GGCTGAGGTG AAGAAGCCTG GGGCCTCAGT GAAGGTCTCC TGCAAGGCTT CTGGATACAC CTTCACCGGC TACTATATGC ACTGGGTGCG ACAGGCCCCT GGACAAGGGC TTGAgtGGAT GGGATGGATC AACCCTGACA GTGGTGGCAC AAACTATGCA CAGAAGTTTC AGGGCAGGGT CACCATGACC AGGGACACGT CCATCAGCAC AGCCTACATG GAGCTGAACA GGCTGAGATC TGACGACACG GCCGTGTATT ACTGTGCGAG AGATCAGCCC CTAGGATATT GTACTAATGG TGTATGCTCC TACTTTGACT ACTGGGGCCA GGGAACCCTG
- Amino acid sequence of heavy chain of IgG2-AAS (21.4.1) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 22) MDWTWRILFL VAAATGAHSQ VQLVQSGAEV KKPGASVKVS CKASGYTFTG YYMHWVRQAP GQGLEWMGWI NPDSGGTNYA QKFQGRVTMT RDTSISTAYM ELNRLRSDDT AVYYCARDQP LGYCTNGVCS YFDYWGQGTL VTVSSASTKG PSVFPLAPCS RSTSESTAAL GCLVKDYFPE PVTVSWNSGA LTSGVHTFPA VLQSSGLYSL SSVVTVPSSN FGTQTYTCNV DHKPSNTKVD KTVERKCCVE CPPCPAPPAA APSVFLFPPK PKDTLMISRT PEVTCVVVDV SHEDPEVQFN WYVDGVEVHN AKTKPREEQF NSTFRVVSVL TVVHQDWLNG KEYKCKVSNK GLPAS
- DNA sequence of heavy chain variable region of IgG2-AAS (21.4.1) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 23) CAG GTGCAGCTGG TGCAGTCTGG GGCTGAGGTG AAGAAGCCTG GGGCCTCAGT GAAGGTCTCC TGCAAGGCTT CTGGATACAC CTTCACCGGC TACTATATGC ACTGGGTGCG ACAGGCCCCT GGACAAGGGC TTGAgtGGAT GGGATGGATC AACCCTGACA GTGGTGGCAC AAACTATGCA CAGAAGTTTC AGGGCAGGGT CACCATGACC AGGGACACGT CCATCAGCAC AGCCTACATG GAGCTGAACA GGCTGAGATC TGACGACACG GCCGTGTATT ACTGTGCGAG AGATCAGCCC CTAGGATATT GTACTAATGG TGTATGCTCC TACTTTGACT ACTGGGGCCA GGGAACCCTG GTCACCGTCT CCTCA
- DNA sequence of the light chain of IgG2-AAS (21.4.1) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 25) ATGAGGCTCC CTGCTCAGCT CCTGGGGCTC CTGCTGCTCT GGTTCCCAGG TTCCAGATGC GACATCCAGA TGACCCAGTC TCCATCTTCC GTGTCTGCAT CTGTAGGAGA CAGAGTCACC ATCACTTGTC GGGCGAGTCA GGGTATTTAC AGCTGGTTAG CCTGGTATCA GCAGAAACCA GGGAAAGCCC CTAACCTCCT GATCTATACT GCATCCACTT TACAAAGTGG GGTCCCATCA AGGTTCAGCG GCAGTGGATC TGGGACAGAT TTCACTCTCA CCATCAGCAG CCTGCAACCT GAAGATTTTG CAACTTACTA TTGTCAACAG GCTAACATTT TCCCGCTCAC TTTCGGCGGA GGGACCAAGG TGGATCAA ACGTACGGTG GCTGCACCAT CTGTCTTCAT CTTCCCGCCA TC
- Amino acid sequence of the light chain of IgG2-AAS (21.4.1) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 26) MRLPAQLLGL LLLWFPGSRC DIQMTQSPSS VSASVGDRVT ITCRASQGIY SWLAWYQQKP GKAPNLLIYT ASTLQSGVPS RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQQ ANIFPLTFGG GTKVEIKRTV AAPSVFIFPP SDEQLKSGTA SVVCLLNNFY PREAKVQWKV DNALQSGNSQ ESVTEQDSKD STYSLSSTLT LSKADYEKHK VYACEVTHQG LSSPVTKSFN RGEC
- DNA sequence of light chain variable region of IgG2-AAS (21.4.1) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 27) GACATCCAGA TGACCCAGTC TCCATCTTCC GTGTCTGCAT CTGTAGGAGA CAGAGTCACC ATCACTTGTC GGGCGAGTCA GGGTATTTAC AGCTGGTTAG CCTGGTATCA GCAGAAACCA GGGAAAGCCC CTAACCTCCT GATCTATACT GCATCCACTT TACAAAGTGG GGTCCCATCA AGGTTCAGCG GCAGTGGATC TGGGACAGAT TTCACTCTCA CCATCAGCAG CCTGCAACCT GAAGATTTTG CAACTTACTA TTGTCAACAG GCTAACATTT TCCCGCTCAC TTTCGGCGGA GGGACCAAGG TGGATCAA ACGT
- Amino acid sequence of light chain variable region of IgG2-AAS (21.4.1) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 28) DIQMTQSPSS VSASVGDRVT ITCRASQGIY SWLAWYQQKP GKAPNLLIYT ASTLQSGVPS RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQQ ANIFPLTFGG GTKVEIKR
- DNA sequence of the heavy chain constant region of the IgG2-S (341) antibody (SEQ ID NO: 31) GCTAGCACCAAGGGCCCATCGGTCTTCCCCCTGGCG CCCTGCTCCAGGAGCACCTCCGAGAGCACAGCGGCCCTGGGCTGCCTGGTCAAGGACTAC TTCCCCGAACCGGTGACGGTGTCGTGGAACTCAGGCGCTCTGACCAGCGGCGTGCACACC TTCCCAGCTGTCCTACAGTCCTCAGGACTCTACTCCCTCAGCAGCGTGGTGACCGTGCCC TCCAGCAACTTCGGCACCCAGACCTACACCTGCAACGTAGATCACAAGCCCAGCAACACC AAGGTGGACAAGACAGTTGAGCGCAAATGTTGTGTCGAGTGCCCACCGTGCCCAGCACCA CCTGTGGCAGGACCGTCAGTCTTCCTCTTCCCCAAAACCCAAGGACACCCTCATGATC TCCCGGACCCCTGAGGTCACGTGCGTGGTGGTGGACGTGAGCCACGAAGACCCCGAGGTC
- IgG2 allotype 1 ASTKG PSVFPLAPCS RSTSESTAAL GCLVKDYFPE PVTVSWNSGA LTSGVHTFPA VLQSSGLYSL SSVVTVPSSN FGTQTYTCNV DHKPSNTKVD KTVERKCCVE CPPCPAPPVA GPSVFLFPPK PKDTLMISRT PEVTCVVVDV SHEDPEVQFN WYVDGVEVHN AKTKPREEQF NSTFRVVSVL TVVHQDWLNG KEYKCKVSNK GLPAPIEKTI SKTKGQPREP QVYTLPPSRE EMTKNQVSLT CLVKGFYPSD IAVEWESNGQ PENNYKTTPP MLDSDGSFFL YSKLTVDKSR WQQGNVFSCS VMHEALHNHY TQKSLSLSPG K
- the present invention relates to a heavy chain constant that is an IgG2 in which at least 234th valine is substituted with alanine, 237th glutamine with alanine, and 331th proline with serine (numbers are based on EU index by Kabat et al.).
- a monoclonal antibody that binds to human CD40 having a region, agonist activity, DNA encoding the monoclonal antibody, a vector comprising the DNA, a transformant obtained by introducing the vector, and the transformant A method for producing the monoclonal antibody to be used, a pharmaceutical composition containing the monoclonal antibody, and a therapeutic agent can be provided.
Abstract
Description
CD40は分子量50kDaの細胞膜表面に存在する抗原であり、B細胞、樹状細胞(DC)、ある種の癌細胞、胸腺上皮細胞などに発現している。CD40はB細胞やDCの増殖、分化に重要な働きをしていることが知られている。CD40は、ヒトB細胞表面に発現する抗原として同定され(非特許文献1、2)、アミノ酸配列の相同性から、CD40は、低親和性NGFレセプターやTNFレセプター、CD27、OX40、CD30などが属しているTNFレセプターファミリーの1つのメンバーとして考えられている。ヒトおよびマウスのCD40に対するリガンド(CD40L)は、活性化したCD4+T細胞に発現しているII型膜蛋白質であり、強力な活性化シグナルをヒトおよびマウスのB細胞に導入することも分かっている。
アゴニスト抗体の作用として、B細胞の活性化が知られている。たとえば、抗CD40抗体が細胞接着を誘導する(非特許文献5、6)、細胞の大きさを増進する(非特許文献6、7)、抗IgM抗体、抗CD20抗体またはphorbol esterのみで活性化されたB細胞の分裂を誘導する(非特許文献8-10)、IL4存在下でB細胞の分裂を誘導する(非特許文献7、11)、IL-4刺激、T細胞除去培養細胞のIgE(非特許文献12、13)、IgG、IgM(非特許文献13)の発現を誘導する、IL-4によるB細胞からの可溶性CD23/FceRIIの分泌と(非特許文献14、15)細胞上の発現増強(非特許文献16)をする、IL-6の生産を促進する(非特許文献17)ことが報告されている。
特許文献3には、アゴニスト活性を有する抗CD40抗体21.4.1が開示されている。
IgGのlower hinge領域233-239位(数字はKabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく)は、免疫グロブリンFcレセプターの一種であるFcγレセプターとの結合領域の1つであることが報告されている(非特許文献27)。免疫グロブリンFcレセプターは、抗体を介した免疫応答に重要な役割を果たしている。具体的には、ファゴサイトーシスやADCC活性である(非特許文献28、29)。Fcγレセプターは、白血球表面に発現しており、FcγRI(CD64), FcγRII(CD32), FcγRIII(CD16)の3つのクラスに分けられ、さらにFcγRIIはFcγRIIAおよびIIBに、FcγRIIIはIIIAおよびIIIBに分類される。
[1] 少なくとも234位のバリンがアラニンに、237位のグルタミンがアラニンに、および331位のプロリンがセリンに置換(数字はKabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく)されているIgG2である重鎖定常領域を有する、アゴニスト活性を有する、ヒトCD40に結合するモノクローナル抗体。
[2] 配列番号30で示される重鎖定常領域を有する、アゴニスト活性を有する、ヒトCD40に結合するモノクローナル抗体。
[3] 配列番号6で示されるCDR1、配列番号8で示されるCDR2、および配列番号10で示されるCDR3を有する重鎖可変領域、ならびに配列番号16で示されるCDR1、配列番号18で示されるCDR2、および配列番号20で示されるCDR3を有する軽鎖可変領域を有する、[1]または[2]のモノクローナル抗体。
[4]配列番号4で示される重鎖可変領域、および配列番号14で示される軽鎖可変領域を有する、[1]または[2]のモノクローナル抗体。
[5] ハイブリドーマKM341-1-19(FERM BP-7759)が産生する抗体の重鎖可変領域およびハイブリドーマKM341-1-19(FERM BP-7759)が産生する抗体の軽鎖可変領域を有する、[1]または[2]のモノクローナル抗体。
[6] ハイブリドーマKM341-1-19(FERM BP-7759)が産生する抗体と競合する、[1]または[2]のモノクローナル抗体。
[7] ハイブリドーマKM341-1-19(FERM BP-7759)が産生する抗体のヒトCD40上のエピトープの一部または全部に結合する、[1]または[2]のモノクローナル抗体。
[8] [1]~[7]のいずれかのモノクローナル抗体をコードするDNA。
[9] [8]のDNAを含有する組換えベクター。
[10] [9]の組換えベクターを宿主細胞に導入して得られる形質転換体。
[11] [10]の形質転換体を培地に培養し、培養物中に[1]~[7]のいずれかのモノクローナル抗体を生成蓄積させ、該培養物から該モノクローナル抗体を採取することを特徴とする[1]~[7]のいずれかのモノクローナル抗体の製造方法。
[12] 配列番号2で示されるポリペプチドから分泌シグナルを除いたポリペプチドである重鎖定常領域、および配列番号12で示されるポリペプチドから分泌シグナルを除いたポリペプチドである軽鎖定常領域を有する、モノクローナル抗体。
[13] 配列番号2で示されるポリペプチドから分泌シグナルを除いたポリペプチドをコードするDNAを有する組換ベクター。
[14] 配列番号12で示されるポリペプチドから分泌シグナルを除いたポリペプチドをコードするDNAを有する組換ベクター。
[15] 配列番号2で示されるポリペプチドから分泌シグナルを除いたポリペプチドをコードするDNA、および配列番号12で示されるポリペプチドから分泌シグナルを除いたポリペプチドをコードするDNAを有する組換ベクター。
[16] [13]および[14]の組換えベクターを宿主細胞に導入して得られる形質転換体。
[17] [15]の組換えベクターを宿主細胞に導入して得られる形質転換体。
[18] [16]または[17]の形質転換体を培地に培養し、培養物中に[12]のモノクローナル抗体を生成蓄積させ、該培養物から該モノクローナル抗体を採取することを特徴とする[12]のモノクローナル抗体の製造方法。
[19] [1]~[7]および[12]のいずれかのモノクローナル抗体を有効成分として含有する医薬組成物。
[20] [1]~[7]および[12]のいずれかのモノクローナル抗体を有効成分として含有する、悪性腫瘍または感染症の治療剤。
[21] 悪性腫瘍または感染症の治療剤の製造のための[1]~[7]および[12]のいずれかのモノクローナル抗体の使用。
[22] 悪性腫瘍または感染症の治療のための[1]~[7]および[12]のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
[23] [1]~[7]および[12]のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体を投与することを特徴とする、悪性腫瘍または感染症の治療方法。
本発明において遺伝子組換え抗体としては、ヒト型キメラ抗体、ヒト型CDR移植抗体およびヒト抗体など、遺伝子組換えにより製造される抗体を包含する。CDRとは、ヒト型相補性決定領域(Complementarity Determining Region)の略称であり、以下CDRと表記することがある。遺伝子組換え抗体において、モノクローナル抗体の特徴を有し、抗原性が低く、血中半減期が延長されたものは、治療薬として好ましい。
また、実施例で示される通り、本発明のモノクローナル抗体の一つであるIgG2-AAS(341)抗体は、IgG2-S(341)抗体に比べて、血中滞留時間が延長するという効果を見出した。また更に、IgG2-AAS(341)抗体は、IgG2-S(341)抗体に比べて、肝臓に対する毒性が低下しているという効果を見出した。
CD40リガンドは肝臓に対して毒性を示すことが知られている(Journal of Clinical Oncology, 19(13), 3280-3287(2001))が、同様にアゴニスト活性を示すCD40に結合するモノクローナル抗体も肝臓に対して毒性を示すことが知られている(American Journal of Pathology, 168(3), 786-795(2006))。本発明におけるIgG2-AAS抗体は、IgG2-S抗体に比べてアゴニスト活性が増強しているにも関わらず、IgG2-S抗体に比べて肝臓に対する毒性が低下している。前記低下は、例えば、アスパラギン酸アミノトランスフェラーゼ(以下、ASTと表記することがある)あるいはアラニンアミノトランスフェラーゼ(以下、ALTと表記することがある)の血中濃度の低下で確認することが出来る。
B群:アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸、イソアスパラギン酸、イソグルタミン酸、2-アミノアジピン酸、2-アミノスベリン酸
C群:アスパラギン、グルタミン
D群:リジン、アルギニン、オルニチン、2,4-ジアミノブタン酸、2,3-ジアミノプロピオン酸
E群:プロリン、3-ヒドロキシプロリン、4-ヒドロキシプロリン
F群:セリン、スレオニン、ホモセリン
G群:フェニルアラニン、チロシン
本発明のモノクローナル抗体は、CD40に結合するモノクローナル抗体に放射性同位元素、低分子の薬剤、高分子の薬剤、抗体などの蛋白質などを化学的あるいは遺伝子工学的に結合させた抗体の誘導体を包含する。
(1)抗原の調製
抗原となるCD40またはCD40を発現させた細胞は、CD40全長またはその部分長をコードするcDNAを含む発現ベクターを、大腸菌、酵母、昆虫細胞、または動物細胞などに導入することにより、得ることができる。また、CD40を多量に発現している各種ヒト腫瘍培養細胞、ヒト組織などからCD40を精製し、得ることが出来る。また、該腫瘍培養細胞、または該組織などをそのまま抗原として用いることもできる。さらに、Fmoc法、またはtBoc法などの化学合成法によりCD40の部分配列を有する合成ペプチドを調製し、抗原に用いることもできる。
(2)動物の免疫と融合用抗体産生細胞の調製
3~20週令のマウス、ラットまたはハムスターなどの動物に、(1)で得られる抗原を免疫して、その動物の脾、リンパ節、末梢血中の抗体産生細胞を採取する。また、免疫原性が低く上記の動物で充分な抗体価の上昇が認められない場合には、CD40ノックアウトマウスを被免疫動物として用いることもできる。
(3)骨髄腫細胞の調製
骨髄腫細胞としては、マウスから得られた株化細胞を用い、例えば、8-アザグアニン耐性マウス(BALB/c由来)骨髄腫細胞株P3-X63Ag8-U1(P3-U1)[Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 18, 1 (1978)]、P3-NS1/1-Ag41(NS-1)[European J. Immunology, 6, 511 (1976)]、SP2/0-Ag14(SP-2)[Nature, 276, 269 (1978)]、P3-X63-Ag8653(653)[J. Immunology, 123, 1548 (1979)]、またはP3-X63-Ag8(X63)[Nature, 256, 495 (1975)]などが用いられる。
(4)細胞融合とモノクローナル抗体産生ハイブリドーマの調製
(2)で得られる融合用抗体産生細胞と(3)で得られる骨髄腫細胞をMinimum Essential Medium(MEM)培地またはPBS(リン酸二ナトリウム1.83g、リン酸一カリウム0.21g、食塩7.65g、蒸留水1リットル、pH7.2)でよく洗浄し、細胞数が、融合用抗体産生細胞:骨髄腫細胞=5~10:1になるよう混合し、遠心分離した後、上清を除く。沈澱した細胞群をよくほぐした後、ポリエチレングリコール-1000(PEG-1000)、MEM培地およびジメチルスルホキシドの混液を37℃で、攪拌しながら加える。さらに1~2分間毎にMEM培地1~2mLを数回加えた後、MEM培地を加えて全量が50mLになるようにする。遠心分離後、上清を除く。沈澱した細胞群をゆるやかにほぐした後、融合用抗体産生細胞にHAT培地[ヒポキサンチン、チミジン、およびアミノプテリンを加えた正常培地]中にゆるやかに細胞を懸濁する。この懸濁液を5%CO2インキュベーター中、37℃で7~14日間培養する。
(5)精製モノクローナル抗体の調製
プリスタン処理[2,6,10,14-テトラメチルペンタデカン(Pristane)0.5mlを腹腔内投与し、2週間飼育する]した8~10週令のマウスまたはヌードマウスに、(4)で得られるモノクローナル抗体産生ハイブリドーマを腹腔内に注射する。10~21日でハイブリドーマは腹水癌化する。このマウスから腹水を採取し、遠心分離して固形分を除去後、40~50%硫酸アンモニウムで塩析し、カプリル酸沈殿法、DEAE-セファロースカラム、プロテインA-カラムあるいはゲル濾過カラムによる精製を行ない、IgGあるいはIgM画分を集め、精製モノクローナル抗体とする。
(6)モノクローナル抗体の選択
モノクローナル抗体の選択は以下に示す酵素免疫測定法によるバインディングアッセイにより行う。
2.遺伝子組換え抗体の作製
遺伝子組換え抗体の作製例として、以下にヒト型キメラ抗体およびヒト型CDR移植抗体の作製方法を示す。
(1) 遺伝子組換え抗体発現用ベクターの構築
遺伝子組換え抗体発現用ベクターは、ヒト抗体のCHおよびCLをコードするDNAが組み込まれた動物細胞用発現ベクターであり、動物細胞用発現ベクターにヒト抗体のCHおよびCLをコードするDNAをそれぞれクローニングすることにより構築することができる。
(2)ヒト以外の動物由来の抗体のV領域をコードするcDNAの取得およびアミノ酸配列の解析
非ヒト抗体のVH及びVLをコードするcDNAの取得およびアミノ酸配列の解析は以下のようにして行うことができる。
(3)ヒト型キメラ抗体発現ベクターの構築
(1)で得られる遺伝子組換え抗体発現用ベクターのヒト抗体のCHまたはCLをコードするそれぞれの遺伝子の上流に、それぞれ非ヒト抗体のVHまたはVLをコードするcDNAをそれぞれクローニングすることで、ヒト型キメラ抗体発現ベクターを構築することができる。
(4)ヒト型CDR移植抗体のV領域をコードするcDNAの構築
ヒト型CDR移植抗体のVHまたはVLをコードするcDNAは、以下のようにして構築することができる。
(5)ヒト型CDR移植抗体のV領域のアミノ酸配列の改変
ヒト型CDR移植抗体は、非ヒト抗体のVHおよびVLのCDRのみをヒト抗体のVHおよびVLのFRに移植しただけでは、その抗原結合活性は元の非ヒト抗体に比べて低下する[BIO/TECHNOLOGY, 9, 266 (1991)]。ヒト型CDR移植抗体では、ヒト抗体のVHおよびVLのFRのアミノ酸配列の中で、直接抗原との結合に関与しているアミノ酸残基、CDRのアミノ酸残基と相互作用するアミノ酸残基、および抗体の立体構造を維持し、間接的に抗原との結合に関与しているアミノ酸残基を同定し、それらのアミノ酸残基を元の非ヒト抗体のアミノ酸残基に置換することにより、低下した抗原結合活性を上昇させることができる。
(6)ヒト型CDR移植抗体発現ベクターの構築
(1)で得られる遺伝子組換え抗体発現用ベクターのヒト抗体のCHまたはCLをコードするそれぞれの遺伝子の上流に、構築した遺伝子組換え抗体のVHまたはVLをコードするcDNAをそれぞれクローニングし、ヒト型CDR移植抗体発現ベクターを構築することができる。
(7)遺伝子組換え抗体の一過性発現
(3)および(6)で得られる遺伝子組換え抗体発現ベクター、またはそれらを改変した発現ベクターを用いて遺伝子組換え抗体の一過性発現を行い、作製した多種類のヒト型CDR移植抗体の抗原結合活性を効率的に評価することができる。
(8)遺伝子組換え抗体を安定に発現する形質転換株の取得と遺伝子組換え抗体の調製
(3)および(6)で得られた遺伝子組換え抗体発現ベクターを適当な宿主細胞に導入することにより遺伝子組換え抗体を安定に発現する形質転換株を得ることができる。
3.モノクローナル抗体の精製
遺伝子組換え抗体は、形質転換株の培養上清よりプロテインA-カラムを用いて精製する[Monoclonal Antibodies - Principles and practice, Third edition, Academic Press (1996)、Antibodies - A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1988)]。また、ゲル濾過、イオン交換クロマトグラフィーおよび限外濾過などの蛋白質の精製で用いられる方法を組み合わすこともできる。
4.精製モノクローナル抗体の活性評価
精製した本発明のモノクローナル抗体の活性評価は、以下のように行うことができる。
4.抗体のエフェクター活性を制御する方法
本発明のモノクローナル抗体のエフェクター活性を制御する方法としては、抗体のFc領域の297番目のアスパラギン(Asn)に結合するN結合複合型糖鎖の還元末端に存在するN-アセチルグルコサミン(GlcNAc)にα-1,6結合するフコース(コアフコースともいう)の量を制御する方法(国際公開第2005/035586号明細書、国際公開第2002/31140号明細書、国際公開第00/61739号明細書)や、抗体のFc領域のアミノ酸残基を改変することで制御する方法などが知られている。
5.本発明の抗CD40モノクローナル抗体を用いた疾患の治療方法
本発明のモノクローナル抗体は、悪性腫瘍または感染症の治療に使用することができる。
5.本発明の抗CD40モノクローナル抗体を用いた疾患の診断方法
本発明のモノクローナル抗体を用いて、CD40またはCD40が発現した細胞を検出または測定することにより、CD40が関連する疾患を診断することができる。
1.IgG2-AAS(341)抗体
(1)重鎖のDNA配列(配列番号1)
ATGTCTGTCT CCTTCCTCAT CTTCCTGCCC GTGCTGGGCC TCCCATGGGG TGTCCTGTCA
CAGGTCCAAC TGCAGCAGTC AGGTCCAGGA CTGGTGAAGC CCTCGCAGAC CCTCTCACTC
ACCTGTGCCA TCTCCGGGGA CAGTGTCTCT AGCAACAGTG CTACTTGGAA CTGGATCAGG
CAGTCCCCAT CGAGAGACCT TGAGTGGCTG GGAAGGACAT ACTACAGGTC CAAGTGGTAT
CGTGATTATG TAGGATCTGT GAAAAGTCGA ATAATCATCA ACCCAGACAC ATCCAACAAC
CAGTTCTCCC TGCAGCTGAA CTCTGTGACT CCCGAGGACA CGGCTATATA TTACTGTACA
AGAGCACAGT GGCTGGGAGG GGATTACCCC TACTACTACA GTATGGACGT CTGGGGCCAA
GGGACCACGG TCACCGTCTC CTCAGCTAGC ACCAAGGGCC CATCGGTCTT CCCCCTGGCG
CCCTGCTCCA GGAGCACCTC CGAGAGCACA GCGGCCCTGG GCTGCCTGGT CAAGGACTAC
TTCCCCGAAC CGGTGACGGT GTCGTGGAAC TCAGGCGCTC TGACCAGCGG CGTGCACACC
TTCCCAGCTG TCCTACAGTC CTCAGGACTC TACTCCCTCA GCAGCGTGGT GACCGTGCCC
TCCAGCAACT TCGGCACCCA GACCTACACC TGCAACGTAG ATCACAAGCC CAGCAACACC
AAGGTGGACA AGACAGTTGA GCGCAAATGT TGTGTCGAGT GCCCACCGTG CCCAGCACCA
CCTGCAGCAG CACCGTCAGT CTTCCTCTTC CCCCCAAAAC CCAAGGACAC CCTCATGATC
TCCCGGACCC CTGAGGTCAC GTGCGTGGTG GTGGACGTGA GCCACGAAGA CCCCGAGGTC
CAGTTCAACT GGTACGTGGA CGGCGTGGAG GTGCATAATG CCAAGACAAA GCCACGGGAG
GAGCAGTTCA ACAGCACGTT CCGTGTGGTC AGCGTCCTCA CCGTTGTGCA CCAGGACTGG
CTGAACGGCA AGGAGTACAA GTGCAAGGTC TCCAACAAAG GCCTCCCAGC CTCCATCGAG
AAAACCATCT CCAAAACCAA AGGGCAGCCC CGAGAACCAC AGGTGTACAC CCTGCCCCCA
TCCCGGGAGG AGATGACCAA GAACCAGGTC AGCCTGACCT GCCTGGTCAA AGGCTTCTAC
CCCAGCGACA TCGCCGTGGA GTGGGAGAGC AATGGGCAGC CGGAGAACAA CTACAAGACC
ACACCTCCCA TGCTGGACTC CGACGGCTCC TTCTTCCTCT ACAGCAAGCT CACCGTGGAC
AAGAGCAGGT GGCAGCAGGG GAACGTCTTC TCATGCTCCG TGATGCATGA GGCTCTGCAC
AACCACTACA CGCAGAAGAG CCTCTCCCTG TCTCCGGGTA AA
(i)分泌シグナル:1番目のA~60番目のA
(ii)可変領域:61番目のC~444番目のA
・CDR1: 151番目のA~171番目のC
・CDR2: 214番目のA~267番目のT
・CDR3: 364番目のG~411番目のC
(iii)定常領域:445番目のG~1422番目のA
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく234位:784番目のG~786番目のA
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく237位:790番目のG~792番目のA
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく331位:1072番目のT~1074番目のC
(2)重鎖のアミノ酸配列(配列番号2)
MSVSFLIFLP VLGLPWGVLS QVQLQQSGPG LVKPSQTLSL TCAISGDSVS SNSATWNWIR
QSPSRDLEWL GRTYYRSKWY RDYVGSVKSR IIINPDTSNN QFSLQLNSVT PEDTAIYYCT
RAQWLGGDYP YYYSMDVWGQ GTTVTVSSAS TKGPSVFPLA PCSRSTSEST AALGCLVKDY
FPEPVTVSWN SGALTSGVHT FPAVLQSSGL YSLSSVVTVP SSNFGTQTYT CNVDHKPSNT
KVDKTVERKC CVECPPCPAP PAAAPSVFLF PPKPKDTLMI SRTPEVTCVV VDVSHEDPEV
QFNWYVDGVE VHNAKTKPRE EQFNSTFRVV SVLTVVHQDW LNGKEYKCKV SNKGLPASIE
KTISKTKGQP REPQVYTLPP SREEMTKNQV SLTCLVKGFY PSDIAVEWES NGQPENNYKT
TPPMLDSDGS FFLYSKLTVD KSRWQQGNVF SCSVMHEALH NHYTQKSLSL SPGK*
(i)分泌シグナル:1番目のM~20番目のS
(ii)可変領域:21番目のQ~148番目のS
・CDR1: 51番目のS~57番目のN
・CDR2: 72番目のR~89番目のS
・CDR3: 122番目のA~137番目のV
(iii)定常領域:149番目のA~474番目のK
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく234位:262番目のA
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく237位:264番目のA
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく331位:358番目のS
(3)軽鎖のDNA配列(配列番号11)
ATGGAAGCCC CAGCTCAGCT TCTCTTCCTC CTGCTACTCT GGCTCCCAGA TACCACCGGA
GAAATTGTGT TGACACAGTC TCCAGCCACC CTGTCTTTGT CTCCAGGGGA AAGAGCCACC
CTCTCCTGCA GGGCCAGTCA GAGTGTTAGC AGCTACTTAG CCTGGTACCA ACAGAAACCT
GGCCAGGCTC CCAGGCTCCT CATCTATGAT GCATCCAACA GGGCCACTGG CATCCCAGCC
AGGTTCAGTG GCAGTGGGTC TGGGACAGAC TTCACTCTCA CCATCAGCAG CCTAGAGCCT
GAAGATTTTG CAGTTTATTA CTGTCAGCAG CGTAGCAACA CTTTCGGCCC TGGGACCAAA
GTGGATATCA AACGTACGGT GGCTGCACCA TCTGTCTTCA TCTTCCCGCC ATCTGATGAG
CAGTTGAAAT CTGGAACTGC CTCTGTTGTG TGCCTGCTGA ATAACTTCTA TCCCAGAGAG
GCCAAAGTAC AGTGGAAGGT GGATAACGCC CTCCAATCGG GTAACTCCCA GGAGAGTGTC
ACAGAGCAGG ACAGCAAGGA CAGCACCTAC AGCCTCAGCA GCACCCTGAC GCTGAGCAAA
GCAGACTACG AGAAACACAA AGTCTACGCC TGCGAAGTCA CCCATCAGGG CCTGAGCTCG
CCCGTCACAA AGAGCTTCAA CAGGGGAGAG TGT
(i)分泌シグナル:1番目のA~60番目のA
(ii)可変領域:61番目のG~372番目のA
・CDR1: 130番目のA~162番目のC
・CDR2: 208番目のG~228番目のT
・CDR3: 325番目のC~342番目のT
(iii)定常領域:373番目のC~693番目のT
(4)軽鎖のアミノ酸配列(配列番号12)
MEAPAQLLFL LLLWLPDTTG EIVLTQSPAT LSLSPGERAT LSCRASQSVS SYLAWYQQKP
GQAPRLLIYD ASNRATGIPA RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLEP EDFAVYYCQQ RSNTFGPGTK
VDIKRTVAAP SVFIFPPSDE QLKSGTASVV CLLNNFYPRE AKVQWKVDNA LQSGNSQESV
TEQDSKDSTY SLSSTLTLSK ADYEKHKVYA CEVTHQGLSS PVTKSFNRGE C*
(i)分泌シグナル:1番目のM~20番目のG
(ii)可変領域:21番目のE~124番目のK
・CDR1: 44番目のR~54番目のA
・CDR2: 70番目のD~76番目のT
・CDR3: 109番目のQ~114番目のT
(iii)定常領域:125番目のR~231番目のC
2.IgG2-AAS(21.4.1)抗体
(1)重鎖のDNA配列(配列番号21)
ATGGACTGGA CCTGGAGGAT CCTCTTCTTG GTGGCAGCAG CCACAGGAGC CCACTCCCAG
GTGCAGCTGG TGCAGTCTGG GGCTGAGGTG AAGAAGCCTG GGGCCTCAGT GAAGGTCTCC
TGCAAGGCTT CTGGATACAC CTTCACCGGC TACTATATGC ACTGGGTGCG ACAGGCCCCT
GGACAAGGGC TTGAgtGGAT GGGATGGATC AACCCTGACA GTGGTGGCAC AAACTATGCA
CAGAAGTTTC AGGGCAGGGT CACCATGACC AGGGACACGT CCATCAGCAC AGCCTACATG
GAGCTGAACA GGCTGAGATC TGACGACACG GCCGTGTATT ACTGTGCGAG AGATCAGCCC
CTAGGATATT GTACTAATGG TGTATGCTCC TACTTTGACT ACTGGGGCCA GGGAACCCTG
GTCACCGTCT CCTCAGCTAG CACCAAGGGC CCATCGGTCT TCCCCCTGGC GCCCTGCTCC
AGGAGCACCT CCGAGAGCAC AGCGGCCCTG GGCTGCCTGG TCAAGGACTA CTTCCCCGAA
CCGGTGACGG TGTCGTGGAA CTCAGGCGCT CTGACCAGCG GCGTGCACAC CTTCCCAGCT
GTCCTACAGT CCTCAGGACT CTACTCCCTC AGCAGCGTGG TGACCGTGCC CTCCAGCAAC
TTCGGCACCC AGACCTACAC CTGCAACGTA GATCACAAGC CCAGCAACAC CAAGGTGGAC
AAGACAGTTG AGCGCAAATG TTGTGTCGAG TGCCCACCGT GCCCAGCACC ACCTGCAGCA
GCACCGTCAG TCTTCCTCTT CCCCCCAAAA CCCAAGGACA CCCTCATGAT CTCCCGGACC
CCTGAGGTCA CGTGCGTGGT GGTGGACGTG AGCCACGAAG ACCCCGAGGT CCAGTTCAAC
TGGTACGTGG ACGGCGTGGA GGTGCATAAT GCCAAGACAA AGCCACGGGA GGAGCAGTTC
AACAGCACGT TCCGTGTGGT CAGCGTCCTC ACCGTTGTGC ACCAGGACTG GCTGAACGGC
AAGGAGTACA AGTGCAAGGT CTCCAACAAA GGCCTCCCAG CCTCCATCGA GAAAACCATC
TCCAAAACCA AAGGGCAGCC CCGAGAACCA CAGGTGTACA CCCTGCCCCC ATCCCGGGAG
GAGATGACCA AGAACCAGGT CAGCCTGACC TGCCTGGTCA AAGGCTTCTA CCCCAGCGAC
ATCGCCGTGG AGTGGGAGAG CAATGGGCAG CCGGAGAACA ACTACAAGAC CACACCTCCC
ATGCTGGACT CCGACGGCTC CTTCTTCCTC TACAGCAAGC TCACCGTGGA CAAGAGCAGG
TGGCAGCAGG GGAACGTCTT CTCATGCTCC GTGATGCATG AGGCTCTGCA CAACCACTAC
ACGCAGAAGA GCCTCTCCCT GTCTCCGGGT AAA
(i)分泌シグナル:1番目のA~57番目のC
(ii)可変領域:58番目のC~435番目のA
(iii)定常領域:436番目のG~1413番目のA
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく234位:775番目のG~777番目のA
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく237位:781番目のG~783番目のA
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく331位:1063番目のT~1065番目のC
(2)重鎖のアミノ酸配列(配列番号22)
MDWTWRILFL VAAATGAHSQ VQLVQSGAEV KKPGASVKVS CKASGYTFTG YYMHWVRQAP
GQGLEWMGWI NPDSGGTNYA QKFQGRVTMT RDTSISTAYM ELNRLRSDDT AVYYCARDQP
LGYCTNGVCS YFDYWGQGTL VTVSSASTKG PSVFPLAPCS RSTSESTAAL GCLVKDYFPE
PVTVSWNSGA LTSGVHTFPA VLQSSGLYSL SSVVTVPSSN FGTQTYTCNV DHKPSNTKVD
KTVERKCCVE CPPCPAPPAA APSVFLFPPK PKDTLMISRT PEVTCVVVDV SHEDPEVQFN
WYVDGVEVHN AKTKPREEQF NSTFRVVSVL TVVHQDWLNG KEYKCKVSNK GLPASIEKTI
SKTKGQPREP QVYTLPPSRE EMTKNQVSLT CLVKGFYPSD IAVEWESNGQ PENNYKTTPP
MLDSDGSFFL YSKLTVDKSR WQQGNVFSCS VMHEALHNHY TQKSLSLSPG K*
(i)分泌シグナル:1番目のM~19番目のS
(ii)可変領域:20番目のQ~145番目のS
(iii)定常領域:146番目のA~471番目のK
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく234位:259番目のA
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく237位:261番目のA
・KabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく331位:355番目のS
(3)軽鎖のDNA配列(配列番号25)
ATGAGGCTCC CTGCTCAGCT CCTGGGGCTC CTGCTGCTCT GGTTCCCAGG TTCCAGATGC
GACATCCAGA TGACCCAGTC TCCATCTTCC GTGTCTGCAT CTGTAGGAGA CAGAGTCACC
ATCACTTGTC GGGCGAGTCA GGGTATTTAC AGCTGGTTAG CCTGGTATCA GCAGAAACCA
GGGAAAGCCC CTAACCTCCT GATCTATACT GCATCCACTT TACAAAGTGG GGTCCCATCA
AGGTTCAGCG GCAGTGGATC TGGGACAGAT TTCACTCTCA CCATCAGCAG CCTGCAACCT
GAAGATTTTG CAACTTACTA TTGTCAACAG GCTAACATTT TCCCGCTCAC TTTCGGCGGA
GGGACCAAGG TGGAGATCAA ACGTACGGTG GCTGCACCAT CTGTCTTCAT CTTCCCGCCA
TCTGATGAGC AGTTGAAATC TGGAACTGCC TCTGTTGTGT GCCTGCTGAA TAACTTCTAT
CCCAGAGAGG CCAAAGTACA GTGGAAGGTG GATAACGCCC TCCAATCGGG TAACTCCCAG
GAGAGTGTCA CAGAGCAGGA CAGCAAGGAC AGCACCTACA GCCTCAGCAG CACCCTGACG
CTGAGCAAAG CAGACTACGA GAAACACAAA GTCTACGCCT GCGAAGTCAC CCATCAGGGC
CTGAGCTCGC CCGTCACAAA GAGCTTCAAC AGGGGAGAGT GT
(i)分泌シグナル:1番目のA~60番目のC
(ii)可変領域:61番目のG~384番目のT
(iii)定常領域:385番目のA~702番目のT
(4)軽鎖のアミノ酸配列(配列番号26)
MRLPAQLLGL LLLWFPGSRC DIQMTQSPSS VSASVGDRVT ITCRASQGIY SWLAWYQQKP
GKAPNLLIYT ASTLQSGVPS RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQQ ANIFPLTFGG
GTKVEIKRTV AAPSVFIFPP SDEQLKSGTA SVVCLLNNFY PREAKVQWKV DNALQSGNSQ
ESVTEQDSKD STYSLSSTLT LSKADYEKHK VYACEVTHQG LSSPVTKSFN RGEC*
(i)分泌シグナル:1番目のM~20番目のC
(ii)可変領域:21番目のD~128番目のR
(iii)定常領域:129番目のT~234番目のC
以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明するが、本発明は下記実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例1で作製した発現ベクターをEndoFree Plasmid Kit(キアゲン社)にて調製
し、FreeStyleTM 293 Expression System(インビトロジェンライフテクノロジー社)を
用いて、当該発現ベクターを浮遊性293細胞(インビトロジェンライフテクノロジー社)に導入して、一過性発現により各抗体を含む培養上清を得た。孔径0.22μmのメンブランフィルター(MILLIPORE製)で濾過した培養上清(IgGとして約500μg)を抗体精製用アフニティーカラムであるHiTrap rProtein A FF(カラム体積1mL)(アマシャムバイオサイエンス社)にチャージし、PBS(-)で洗浄後20mMクエン酸バッファー(pH3.4)により溶出し、200mMリン酸バッファー(pH7.0)を含むチューブに回収した。N5KG2/V234A/G237A/P331S-341ベクター、N5KG2/P331S-341ベクター、N5KG2/V234A/G237A/P331S-21.4.1ベクター、およびN5KG2/P331S-21.4.1ベクターを有する細胞から得られた抗体を、それぞれIgG2-AAS(341)抗体、IgG2-S(341)抗体、IgG2-AAS(21.4.1)抗体、およびIgG2-S(21.4.1) 抗体と命名した。
実施例2で作製したIgG2-AAS(341)抗体、IgG2-S(341)抗体、IgG2-AAS(21.4.1)抗体、およびIgG2-S(21.4.1) 抗体がヒトCD40に結合するかどうか調べるために、ヒトCD40を発現するRamos細胞(ATCC CRL-1596)への結合活性を測定した。
その結果、何れの抗体もヒトCD40に結合することを確認した(図1Aおよび図1B)。
KM341-1-19抗体および21.4.1抗体はいずれもアゴニスト抗体として知られている。そこで、重鎖定常領域の相違によるアゴニスト活性への影響を調べた。Ramos細胞において、CD40リガンドを添加することにより、CD95の発現上昇が観察される。そこで、CD40リガンドの代わりに抗体を添加することにより、当該抗体のCD95の発現を指標に、当該抗体のアゴニスト活性を評価した。
実施例2で作製したIgG2-AAS(341)抗体、およびIgG2-S(341)抗体の生体内での血中滞留時間を調べるために、カニクイザルへの静脈投与を行い、血清中の薬物濃度を経時的に測定した。
その結果、IgG2-AAS(341)抗体はIgG2-S(341)抗体よりも血中滞留時間が延長することを確認した(図3)。
実施例2で作製したIgG2-AAS(341)抗体、およびIgG2-S(341)抗体が、投与された個体の血液生化学パラメーターに与える影響を調べるために、ヒトCD40BACトランスジェニックマウスへの静脈投与を行い、血清中の抗体濃度を経時的に測定した。
まず、ヒトCD40BACトランスジェニックマウスを作製した。ヒトCD40遺伝子を含む環状BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome)クローンを陰イオン交換カラム(MACHEREY-NAGEL社; #740579 )により精製し、そのDNA 溶液をC57BL/6J Jclマウス(日本クレア)の受精卵前核にマイクロインジェクションした。DNAを注入した受精卵は偽妊娠状態にした雌マウスの卵管に移植することにより個体を作出した。得られた個体の尾先端部をプロテアーゼK/SDSで一晩消化した後、ゲノムDNAをフェノールクロロホルム抽出およびエタノール沈殿で調製した。得られたゲノムDNAを鋳型にヒトCD40遺伝子領域の一部をPCRで増幅させ、ヒトCD40遺伝子を持つ個体を選別した。本マウスの末梢血をヘパリンコートキャピラリーで50μL採取し、PE標識抗ヒトCD40抗体 (Beckman Coulter;IM1936U)を10μL添加し氷温下15分間インキュベートした。その後FACS Lysing Solution (BD)で溶血・固定させ、FACS(FACScalibur、ベクトンディッキンソン社)で蛍光を測定した。その結果、通常CD40が発現することが知られているB細胞、単核球、血小板にヒトCD40が発現していることを確認した。
その結果、IgG2-AAS(341)抗体はIgG2-S(341)抗体よりも、ASTおよびALTの濃度が低下することを確認した(図4A、図4B)。
T24細胞株(ATCC #HTB-4)は、1.0×105個/mLとなるように10%ウシ胎児血清(Invitrogen Cat#10099-141)を含むRPMI1640培地(GIBCO Cat# 31800105)で調整し、96ウエルプレートに50μL/wellで播種した。実施例2で作製したIgG2-AAS(341)抗体を希釈し、96ウエルプレートに50μL/well添加し、5%CO2, 37℃で3日間培養した。CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay(Promega Cat#G7570)を100μL/well加え、室温で10分間静置した。SpectraMax M5で発光シグナルを測定し、抗体を添加しなかった場合の生存細胞数を100%としたときの各濃度での生存細胞数の割合を計算した。その結果、IgG2-AAS(341)抗体は濃度依存的にT24細胞の増殖を抑制することを確認した。
ATGTCTGTCT CCTTCCTCAT CTTCCTGCCC GTGCTGGGCC TCCCATGGGG TGTCCTGTCA
CAGGTCCAAC TGCAGCAGTC AGGTCCAGGA CTGGTGAAGC CCTCGCAGAC CCTCTCACTC
ACCTGTGCCA TCTCCGGGGA CAGTGTCTCT AGCAACAGTG CTACTTGGAA CTGGATCAGG
CAGTCCCCAT CGAGAGACCT TGAGTGGCTG GGAAGGACAT ACTACAGGTC CAAGTGGTAT
CGTGATTATG TAGGATCTGT GAAAAGTCGA ATAATCATCA ACCCAGACAC ATCCAACAAC
CAGTTCTCCC TGCAGCTGAA CTCTGTGACT CCCGAGGACA CGGCTATATA TTACTGTACA
AGAGCACAGT GGCTGGGAGG GGATTACCCC TACTACTACA GTATGGACGT CTGGGGCCAA
GGGACCACGG TCACCGTCTC CTCAGCTAGC ACCAAGGGCC CATCGGTCTT CCCCCTGGCG
CCCTGCTCCA GGAGCACCTC CGAGAGCACA GCGGCCCTGG GCTGCCTGGT CAAGGACTAC
TTCCCCGAAC CGGTGACGGT GTCGTGGAAC TCAGGCGCTC TGACCAGCGG CGTGCACACC
TTCCCAGCTG TCCTACAGTC CTCAGGACTC TACTCCCTCA GCAGCGTGGT GACCGTGCCC
TCCAGCAACT TCGGCACCCA GACCTACACC TGCAACGTAG ATCACAAGCC CAGCAACACC
AAGGTGGACA AGACAGTTGA GCGCAAATGT TGTGTCGAGT GCCCACCGTG CCCAGCACCA
CCTGCAGCAG CACCGTCAGT CTTCCTCTTC CCCCCAAAAC CCAAGGACAC CCTCATGATC
TCCCGGACCC CTGAGGTCAC GTGCGTGGTG GTGGACGTGA GCCACGAAGA CCCCGAGGTC
CAGTTCAACT GGTACGTGGA CGGCGTGGAG GTGCATAATG CCAAGACAAA GCCACGGGAG
GAGCAGTTCA ACAGCACGTT CCGTGTGGTC AGCGTCCTCA CCGTTGTGCA CCAGGACTGG
CTGAACGGCA AGGAGTACAA GTGCAAGGTC TCCAACAAAG GCCTCCCAGC CTCCATCGAG
AAAACCATCT CCAAAACCAA AGGGCAGCCC CGAGAACCAC AGGTGTACAC CCTGCCCCCA
TCCCGGGAGG AGATGACCAA GAACCAGGTC AGCCTGACCT GCCTGGTCAA AGGCTTCTAC
CCCAGCGACA TCGCCGTGGA GTGGGAGAGC AATGGGCAGC CGGAGAACAA CTACAAGACC
ACACCTCCCA TGCTGGACTC CGACGGCTCC TTCTTCCTCT ACAGCAAGCT CACCGTGGAC
AAGAGCAGGT GGCAGCAGGG GAACGTCTTC TCATGCTCCG TGATGCATGA GGCTCTGCAC
AACCACTACA CGCAGAAGAG CCTCTCCCTG TCTCCGGGTA AA
MSVSFLIFLP VLGLPWGVLS QVQLQQSGPG LVKPSQTLSL TCAISGDSVS SNSATWNWIR
QSPSRDLEWL GRTYYRSKWY RDYVGSVKSR IIINPDTSNN QFSLQLNSVT PEDTAIYYCT
RAQWLGGDYP YYYSMDVWGQ GTTVTVSSAS TKGPSVFPLA PCSRSTSEST AALGCLVKDY
FPEPVTVSWN SGALTSGVHT FPAVLQSSGL YSLSSVVTVP SSNFGTQTYT CNVDHKPSNT
KVDKTVERKC CVECPPCPAP PAAAPSVFLF PPKPKDTLMI SRTPEVTCVV VDVSHEDPEV
QFNWYVDGVE VHNAKTKPRE EQFNSTFRVV SVLTVVHQDW LNGKEYKCKV SNKGLPASIE
KTISKTKGQP REPQVYTLPP SREEMTKNQV SLTCLVKGFY PSDIAVEWES NGQPENNYKT
TPPMLDSDGS FFLYSKLTVD KSRWQQGNVF SCSVMHEALH NHYTQKSLSL SPGK
CAGGTCCAAC TGCAGCAGTC AGGTCCAGGA CTGGTGAAGC CCTCGCAGAC CCTCTCACTC
ACCTGTGCCA TCTCCGGGGA CAGTGTCTCT AGCAACAGTG CTACTTGGAA CTGGATCAGG
CAGTCCCCAT CGAGAGACCT TGAGTGGCTG GGAAGGACAT ACTACAGGTC CAAGTGGTAT
CGTGATTATG TAGGATCTGT GAAAAGTCGA ATAATCATCA ACCCAGACAC ATCCAACAAC
CAGTTCTCCC TGCAGCTGAA CTCTGTGACT CCCGAGGACA CGGCTATATA TTACTGTACA
AGAGCACAGT GGCTGGGAGG GGATTACCCC TACTACTACA GTATGGACGT CTGGGGCCAA
GGGACCACGG TCACCGTCTC CTCA
QVQLQQSGPG LVKPSQTLSL TCAISGDSVS SNSATWNWIR
QSPSRDLEWL GRTYYRSKWY RDYVGSVKSR IIINPDTSNN QFSLQLNSVT PEDTAIYYCT
RAQWLGGDYP YYYSMDVWGQ GTTVTVSS
AGCAACAGTG CTACTTGGAA C
SNSATWN
AGGACAT ACTACAGGTC CAAGTGGTAT CGTGATTATG TAGGATCTGT GAAAAGT
RTYYRSKWY RDYVGSVKS
GCACAGT GGCTGGGAGG GGATTACCCC TACTACTACA GTATGGACGT C
AQWLGGDYP YYYSMDV
ATGGAAGCCC CAGCTCAGCT TCTCTTCCTC CTGCTACTCT GGCTCCCAGA TACCACCGGA
GAAATTGTGT TGACACAGTC TCCAGCCACC CTGTCTTTGT CTCCAGGGGA AAGAGCCACC
CTCTCCTGCA GGGCCAGTCA GAGTGTTAGC AGCTACTTAG CCTGGTACCA ACAGAAACCT
GGCCAGGCTC CCAGGCTCCT CATCTATGAT GCATCCAACA GGGCCACTGG CATCCCAGCC
AGGTTCAGTG GCAGTGGGTC TGGGACAGAC TTCACTCTCA CCATCAGCAG CCTAGAGCCT
GAAGATTTTG CAGTTTATTA CTGTCAGCAG CGTAGCAACA CTTTCGGCCC TGGGACCAAA
GTGGATATCA AACGTACGGT GGCTGCACCA TCTGTCTTCA TCTTCCCGCC ATCTGATGAG
CAGTTGAAAT CTGGAACTGC CTCTGTTGTG TGCCTGCTGA ATAACTTCTA TCCCAGAGAG
GCCAAAGTAC AGTGGAAGGT GGATAACGCC CTCCAATCGG GTAACTCCCA GGAGAGTGTC
ACAGAGCAGG ACAGCAAGGA CAGCACCTAC AGCCTCAGCA GCACCCTGAC GCTGAGCAAA
GCAGACTACG AGAAACACAA AGTCTACGCC TGCGAAGTCA CCCATCAGGG CCTGAGCTCG
CCCGTCACAA AGAGCTTCAA CAGGGGAGAG TGT
MEAPAQLLFL LLLWLPDTTG EIVLTQSPAT LSLSPGERAT LSCRASQSVS SYLAWYQQKP
GQAPRLLIYD ASNRATGIPA RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLEP EDFAVYYCQQ RSNTFGPGTK
VDIKRTVAAP SVFIFPPSDE QLKSGTASVV CLLNNFYPRE AKVQWKVDNA LQSGNSQESV
TEQDSKDSTY SLSSTLTLSK ADYEKHKVYA CEVTHQGLSS PVTKSFNRGE C
GAAATTGTGT TGACACAGTC TCCAGCCACC CTGTCTTTGT CTCCAGGGGA AAGAGCCACC
CTCTCCTGCA GGGCCAGTCA GAGTGTTAGC AGCTACTTAG CCTGGTACCA ACAGAAACCT
GGCCAGGCTC CCAGGCTCCT CATCTATGAT GCATCCAACA GGGCCACTGG CATCCCAGCC
AGGTTCAGTG GCAGTGGGTC TGGGACAGAC TTCACTCTCA CCATCAGCAG CCTAGAGCCT
GAAGATTTTG CAGTTTATTA CTGTCAGCAG CGTAGCAACA CTTTCGGCCC TGGGACCAAA
GTGGATATCA AA
EIVLTQSPAT LSLSPGERAT LSCRASQSVS SYLAWYQQKP
GQAPRLLIYD ASNRATGIPA RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLEP EDFAVYYCQQ RSNTFGPGTK
VDIK
A GGGCCAGTCA GAGTGTTAGC AGCTACTTAG CC
RASQSVS SYLA
GAT GCATCCAACA GGGCCACT
D ASNRAT
CAGCAG CGTAGCAACA CT
QQ RSNT
ATGGACTGGA CCTGGAGGAT CCTCTTCTTG GTGGCAGCAG CCACAGGAGC CCACTCCCAG
GTGCAGCTGG TGCAGTCTGG GGCTGAGGTG AAGAAGCCTG GGGCCTCAGT GAAGGTCTCC
TGCAAGGCTT CTGGATACAC CTTCACCGGC TACTATATGC ACTGGGTGCG ACAGGCCCCT
GGACAAGGGC TTGAgtGGAT GGGATGGATC AACCCTGACA GTGGTGGCAC AAACTATGCA
CAGAAGTTTC AGGGCAGGGT CACCATGACC AGGGACACGT CCATCAGCAC AGCCTACATG
GAGCTGAACA GGCTGAGATC TGACGACACG GCCGTGTATT ACTGTGCGAG AGATCAGCCC
CTAGGATATT GTACTAATGG TGTATGCTCC TACTTTGACT ACTGGGGCCA GGGAACCCTG
GTCACCGTCT CCTCAGCTAG CACCAAGGGC CCATCGGTCT TCCCCCTGGC GCCCTGCTCC
AGGAGCACCT CCGAGAGCAC AGCGGCCCTG GGCTGCCTGG TCAAGGACTA CTTCCCCGAA
CCGGTGACGG TGTCGTGGAA CTCAGGCGCT CTGACCAGCG GCGTGCACAC CTTCCCAGCT
GTCCTACAGT CCTCAGGACT CTACTCCCTC AGCAGCGTGG TGACCGTGCC CTCCAGCAAC
TTCGGCACCC AGACCTACAC CTGCAACGTA GATCACAAGC CCAGCAACAC CAAGGTGGAC
AAGACAGTTG AGCGCAAATG TTGTGTCGAG TGCCCACCGT GCCCAGCACC ACCTGCAGCA
GCACCGTCAG TCTTCCTCTT CCCCCCAAAA CCCAAGGACA CCCTCATGAT CTCCCGGACC
CCTGAGGTCA CGTGCGTGGT GGTGGACGTG AGCCACGAAG ACCCCGAGGT CCAGTTCAAC
TGGTACGTGG ACGGCGTGGA GGTGCATAAT GCCAAGACAA AGCCACGGGA GGAGCAGTTC
AACAGCACGT TCCGTGTGGT CAGCGTCCTC ACCGTTGTGC ACCAGGACTG GCTGAACGGC
AAGGAGTACA AGTGCAAGGT CTCCAACAAA GGCCTCCCAG CCTCCATCGA GAAAACCATC
TCCAAAACCA AAGGGCAGCC CCGAGAACCA CAGGTGTACA CCCTGCCCCC ATCCCGGGAG
GAGATGACCA AGAACCAGGT CAGCCTGACC TGCCTGGTCA AAGGCTTCTA CCCCAGCGAC
ATCGCCGTGG AGTGGGAGAG CAATGGGCAG CCGGAGAACA ACTACAAGAC CACACCTCCC
ATGCTGGACT CCGACGGCTC CTTCTTCCTC TACAGCAAGC TCACCGTGGA CAAGAGCAGG
TGGCAGCAGG GGAACGTCTT CTCATGCTCC GTGATGCATG AGGCTCTGCA CAACCACTAC
ACGCAGAAGA GCCTCTCCCT GTCTCCGGGT AAA
MDWTWRILFL VAAATGAHSQ VQLVQSGAEV KKPGASVKVS CKASGYTFTG YYMHWVRQAP
GQGLEWMGWI NPDSGGTNYA QKFQGRVTMT RDTSISTAYM ELNRLRSDDT AVYYCARDQP
LGYCTNGVCS YFDYWGQGTL VTVSSASTKG PSVFPLAPCS RSTSESTAAL GCLVKDYFPE
PVTVSWNSGA LTSGVHTFPA VLQSSGLYSL SSVVTVPSSN FGTQTYTCNV DHKPSNTKVD
KTVERKCCVE CPPCPAPPAA APSVFLFPPK PKDTLMISRT PEVTCVVVDV SHEDPEVQFN
WYVDGVEVHN AKTKPREEQF NSTFRVVSVL TVVHQDWLNG KEYKCKVSNK GLPASIEKTI
SKTKGQPREP QVYTLPPSRE EMTKNQVSLT CLVKGFYPSD IAVEWESNGQ PENNYKTTPP
MLDSDGSFFL YSKLTVDKSR WQQGNVFSCS VMHEALHNHY TQKSLSLSPG K
CAG
GTGCAGCTGG TGCAGTCTGG GGCTGAGGTG AAGAAGCCTG GGGCCTCAGT GAAGGTCTCC
TGCAAGGCTT CTGGATACAC CTTCACCGGC TACTATATGC ACTGGGTGCG ACAGGCCCCT
GGACAAGGGC TTGAgtGGAT GGGATGGATC AACCCTGACA GTGGTGGCAC AAACTATGCA
CAGAAGTTTC AGGGCAGGGT CACCATGACC AGGGACACGT CCATCAGCAC AGCCTACATG
GAGCTGAACA GGCTGAGATC TGACGACACG GCCGTGTATT ACTGTGCGAG AGATCAGCCC
CTAGGATATT GTACTAATGG TGTATGCTCC TACTTTGACT ACTGGGGCCA GGGAACCCTG
GTCACCGTCT CCTCA
Q VQLVQSGAEV KKPGASVKVS CKASGYTFTG YYMHWVRQAP
GQGLEWMGWI NPDSGGTNYA QKFQGRVTMT RDTSISTAYM ELNRLRSDDT AVYYCARDQP
LGYCTNGVCS YFDYWGQGTL VTVSS
ATGAGGCTCC CTGCTCAGCT CCTGGGGCTC CTGCTGCTCT GGTTCCCAGG TTCCAGATGC
GACATCCAGA TGACCCAGTC TCCATCTTCC GTGTCTGCAT CTGTAGGAGA CAGAGTCACC
ATCACTTGTC GGGCGAGTCA GGGTATTTAC AGCTGGTTAG CCTGGTATCA GCAGAAACCA
GGGAAAGCCC CTAACCTCCT GATCTATACT GCATCCACTT TACAAAGTGG GGTCCCATCA
AGGTTCAGCG GCAGTGGATC TGGGACAGAT TTCACTCTCA CCATCAGCAG CCTGCAACCT
GAAGATTTTG CAACTTACTA TTGTCAACAG GCTAACATTT TCCCGCTCAC TTTCGGCGGA
GGGACCAAGG TGGAGATCAA ACGTACGGTG GCTGCACCAT CTGTCTTCAT CTTCCCGCCA
TCTGATGAGC AGTTGAAATC TGGAACTGCC TCTGTTGTGT GCCTGCTGAA TAACTTCTAT
CCCAGAGAGG CCAAAGTACA GTGGAAGGTG GATAACGCCC TCCAATCGGG TAACTCCCAG
GAGAGTGTCA CAGAGCAGGA CAGCAAGGAC AGCACCTACA GCCTCAGCAG CACCCTGACG
CTGAGCAAAG CAGACTACGA GAAACACAAA GTCTACGCCT GCGAAGTCAC CCATCAGGGC
CTGAGCTCGC CCGTCACAAA GAGCTTCAAC AGGGGAGAGT GT
MRLPAQLLGL LLLWFPGSRC DIQMTQSPSS VSASVGDRVT ITCRASQGIY SWLAWYQQKP
GKAPNLLIYT ASTLQSGVPS RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQQ ANIFPLTFGG
GTKVEIKRTV AAPSVFIFPP SDEQLKSGTA SVVCLLNNFY PREAKVQWKV DNALQSGNSQ
ESVTEQDSKD STYSLSSTLT LSKADYEKHK VYACEVTHQG LSSPVTKSFN RGEC
GACATCCAGA TGACCCAGTC TCCATCTTCC GTGTCTGCAT CTGTAGGAGA CAGAGTCACC
ATCACTTGTC GGGCGAGTCA GGGTATTTAC AGCTGGTTAG CCTGGTATCA GCAGAAACCA
GGGAAAGCCC CTAACCTCCT GATCTATACT GCATCCACTT TACAAAGTGG GGTCCCATCA
AGGTTCAGCG GCAGTGGATC TGGGACAGAT TTCACTCTCA CCATCAGCAG CCTGCAACCT
GAAGATTTTG CAACTTACTA TTGTCAACAG GCTAACATTT TCCCGCTCAC TTTCGGCGGA
GGGACCAAGG TGGAGATCAA ACGT
DIQMTQSPSS VSASVGDRVT ITCRASQGIY SWLAWYQQKP
GKAPNLLIYT ASTLQSGVPS RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQQ ANIFPLTFGG
GTKVEIKR
GCTAGC ACCAAGGGCC CATCGGTCTT CCCCCTGGCG
CCCTGCTCCA GGAGCACCTC CGAGAGCACA GCGGCCCTGG GCTGCCTGGT CAAGGACTAC
TTCCCCGAAC CGGTGACGGT GTCGTGGAAC TCAGGCGCTC TGACCAGCGG CGTGCACACC
TTCCCAGCTG TCCTACAGTC CTCAGGACTC TACTCCCTCA GCAGCGTGGT GACCGTGCCC
TCCAGCAACT TCGGCACCCA GACCTACACC TGCAACGTAG ATCACAAGCC CAGCAACACC
AAGGTGGACA AGACAGTTGA GCGCAAATGT TGTGTCGAGT GCCCACCGTG CCCAGCACCA
CCTGCAGCAG CACCGTCAGT CTTCCTCTTC CCCCCAAAAC CCAAGGACAC CCTCATGATC
TCCCGGACCC CTGAGGTCAC GTGCGTGGTG GTGGACGTGA GCCACGAAGA CCCCGAGGTC
CAGTTCAACT GGTACGTGGA CGGCGTGGAG GTGCATAATG CCAAGACAAA GCCACGGGAG
GAGCAGTTCA ACAGCACGTT CCGTGTGGTC AGCGTCCTCA CCGTTGTGCA CCAGGACTGG
CTGAACGGCA AGGAGTACAA GTGCAAGGTC TCCAACAAAG GCCTCCCAGC CTCCATCGAG
AAAACCATCT CCAAAACCAA AGGGCAGCCC CGAGAACCAC AGGTGTACAC CCTGCCCCCA
TCCCGGGAGG AGATGACCAA GAACCAGGTC AGCCTGACCT GCCTGGTCAA AGGCTTCTAC
CCCAGCGACA TCGCCGTGGA GTGGGAGAGC AATGGGCAGC CGGAGAACAA CTACAAGACC
ACACCTCCCA TGCTGGACTC CGACGGCTCC TTCTTCCTCT ACAGCAAGCT CACCGTGGAC
AAGAGCAGGT GGCAGCAGGG GAACGTCTTC TCATGCTCCG TGATGCATGA GGCTCTGCAC
AACCACTACA CGCAGAAGAG CCTCTCCCTG TCTCCGGGTA AA
ASTKG PSVFPLAPCS RSTSESTAAL GCLVKDYFPE
PVTVSWNSGA LTSGVHTFPA VLQSSGLYSL SSVVTVPSSN FGTQTYTCNV DHKPSNTKVD
KTVERKCCVE CPPCPAPPAA APSVFLFPPK PKDTLMISRT PEVTCVVVDV SHEDPEVQFN
WYVDGVEVHN AKTKPREEQF NSTFRVVSVL TVVHQDWLNG KEYKCKVSNK GLPASIEKTI
SKTKGQPREP QVYTLPPSRE EMTKNQVSLT CLVKGFYPSD IAVEWESNGQ PENNYKTTPP
MLDSDGSFFL YSKLTVDKSR WQQGNVFSCS VMHEALHNHY TQKSLSLSPG K
GCTAGCACCAAGGGCCCATCGGTCTTCCCCCTGGCG
CCCTGCTCCAGGAGCACCTCCGAGAGCACAGCGGCCCTGGGCTGCCTGGTCAAGGACTAC
TTCCCCGAACCGGTGACGGTGTCGTGGAACTCAGGCGCTCTGACCAGCGGCGTGCACACC
TTCCCAGCTGTCCTACAGTCCTCAGGACTCTACTCCCTCAGCAGCGTGGTGACCGTGCCC
TCCAGCAACTTCGGCACCCAGACCTACACCTGCAACGTAGATCACAAGCCCAGCAACACC
AAGGTGGACAAGACAGTTGAGCGCAAATGTTGTGTCGAGTGCCCACCGTGCCCAGCACCA
CCTGTGGCAGGACCGTCAGTCTTCCTCTTCCCCCCAAAACCCAAGGACACCCTCATGATC
TCCCGGACCCCTGAGGTCACGTGCGTGGTGGTGGACGTGAGCCACGAAGACCCCGAGGTC
CAGTTCAACTGGTACGTGGACGGCGTGGAGGTGCATAATGCCAAGACAAAGCCACGGGAG
GAGCAGTTCAACAGCACGTTCCGTGTGGTCAGCGTCCTCACCGTTGTGCACCAGGACTGG
CTGAACGGCAAGGAGTACAAGTGCAAGGTCTCCAACAAAGGCCTCCCAGCCTCCATCGAG
AAAACCATCTCCAAAACCAAAGGGCAGCCCCGAGAACCACAGGTGTACACCCTGCCCCCA
TCCCGGGAGGAGATGACCAAGAACCAGGTCAGCCTGACCTGCCTGGTCAAAGGCTTCTAC
CCCAGCGACATCGCCGTGGAGTGGGAGAGCAATGGGCAGCCGGAGAACAACTACAAGACC
ACACCTCCCATGCTGGACTCCGACGGCTCCTTCTTCCTCTACAGCAAGCTCACCGTGGAC
AAGAGCAGGTGGCAGCAGGGGAACGTCTTCTCATGCTCCGTGATGCATGAGGCTCTGCAC
AACCACTACACGCAGAAGAGCCTCTCCCTGTCTCCGGGTAAA
ASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDY
FPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSNFGTQTYTCNVDHKPSNT
KVDKTVERKCCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEV
QFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTFRVVSVLTVVHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPASIE
KTISKTKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKT
TPPMLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
ASTKG PSVFPLAPCS RSTSESTAAL GCLVKDYFPE
PVTVSWNSGA LTSGVHTFPA VLQSSGLYSL SSVVTVPSSN FGTQTYTCNV DHKPSNTKVD
KTVERKCCVE CPPCPAPPVA GPSVFLFPPK PKDTLMISRT PEVTCVVVDV SHEDPEVQFN
WYVDGVEVHN AKTKPREEQF NSTFRVVSVL TVVHQDWLNG KEYKCKVSNK GLPAPIEKTI
SKTKGQPREP QVYTLPPSRE EMTKNQVSLT CLVKGFYPSD IAVEWESNGQ PENNYKTTPP
MLDSDGSFFL YSKLTVDKSR WQQGNVFSCS VMHEALHNHY TQKSLSLSPG K
ASTKG PSVFPLAPCS RSTSESTAAL GCLVKDYFPE
PVTVSWNSGA LTSGVHTFPA VLQSSGLYSL SSVVTVTSSN FGTQTYTCNV DHKPSNTKVD
KTVERKCCVE CPPCPAPPVA GPSVFLFPPK PKDTLMISRT PEVTCVVVDV SHEDPEVQFN
WYVDGMEVHN AKTKPREEQF NSTFRVVSVL TVVHQDWLNG KEYKCKVSNK GLPAPIEKTI
SKTKGQPREP QVYTLPPSRE EMTKNQVSLT CLVKGFYPSD IAVEWESNGQ PENNYKTTPP
MLDSDGSFFL YSKLTVDKSR WQQGNVFSCS VMHEALHNHY TQKSLSLSPG K
ASTKG PSVFPLAPCS RSTSESTAAL GCLVKDYFPE
PVTVSWNSGA LTSGVHTFPA VLQSSGLYSL SSVVTVPSSS LGTQTYTCNV DHKPSNTKVD
KTVERKCCVE CPPCPAPPVA GPSVFLFPPK PKDTLMISRT PEVTCVVVDV SHEDPEVQFN
WYVDGVEVHN AKTKPREEQF NSTFRVVSVL TVVHQDWLNG KEYKCKVSNK GLPAPIEKTI
SKTKGQPREP QVYTLPPSRE EMTKNQVSLT CLVKGFYPSD IAVEWESNGQ PENNYKTTPP
MLDSDGSFFL YSKLTVDKSR WQQGNVFSCS VMHEALHNHY TQKSLSLSPG K
本発明を特定の態様を参照して詳細に説明したが、本発明の精神と範囲を離れることなく様々な変更および修正が可能であることは、当業者にとって明らかである。
配列番号2-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の重鎖のアミノ酸配列
配列番号3-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の重鎖可変領域のDNA配列
配列番号4-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の重鎖可変領域のアミノ酸配列
配列番号5-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の重鎖可変領域CDR1のDNA配列
配列番号6-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の重鎖可変領域CDR1のアミノ酸配列
配列番号7-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の重鎖可変領域CDR2のDNA配列
配列番号8-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の重鎖可変領域CDR2のアミノ酸配列
配列番号9-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の重鎖可変領域CDR3のDNA配列
配列番号10-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の重鎖可変領域CDR3のアミノ酸配列
配列番号11-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の軽鎖のDNA配列
配列番号12-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の軽鎖のアミノ酸配列
配列番号13-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の軽鎖可変領域のDNA配列
配列番号14-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の軽鎖可変領域のアミノ酸配列
配列番号15-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の軽鎖CDR1のDNA配列
配列番号16-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の軽鎖CDR1のアミノ酸配列
配列番号17-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の軽鎖CDR2のDNA配列
配列番号18-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の軽鎖CDR2のアミノ酸配列
配列番号19-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の軽鎖CDR3のDNA配列
配列番号20-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の軽鎖CDR3のアミノ酸配列
配列番号21-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(21.4.1)抗体の重鎖のDNA配列
配列番号22-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(21.4.1)抗体の重鎖のアミノ酸配列
配列番号23-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(21.4.1)抗体の重鎖可変領域のDNA配列
配列番号24-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(21.4.1)抗体の重鎖可変領域のアミノ酸配列
配列番号25-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(21.4.1)抗体の軽鎖のDNA配列
配列番号26-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(21.4.1)抗体の軽鎖のアミノ酸配列
配列番号27-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(21.4.1)抗体の軽鎖可変領域のDNA配列
配列番号28-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(21.4.1)抗体の軽鎖可変領域のアミノ酸配列
配列番号29-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の重鎖定常領域のDNA配列
配列番号30-人工配列の説明:IgG2-AAS(341)抗体の重鎖定常領域のアミノ酸配列
配列番号31-人工配列の説明:IgG2-S(341)抗体の重鎖定常領域のDNA配列
配列番号32-人工配列の説明:IgG2-S(341)抗体の重鎖定常領域のアミノ酸配列
Claims (20)
- 少なくとも234位のバリンがアラニンに、237位のグルタミンがアラニンに、および331位のプロリンがセリンに置換(数字はKabatらによるEUインデックスに基づく)されているIgG2である重鎖定常領域を有する、アゴニスト活性を有する、ヒトCD40に結合するモノクローナル抗体。
- 配列番号30で示される重鎖定常領域を有する、アゴニスト活性を有する、ヒトCD40に結合するモノクローナル抗体。
- 配列番号6で示されるCDR1、配列番号8で示されるCDR2、および配列番号10で示されるCDR3を有する重鎖可変領域、ならびに配列番号16で示されるCDR1、配列番号18で示されるCDR2、および配列番号20で示されるCDR3を有する軽鎖可変領域を有する、請求項1または2に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
- 配列番号4で示される重鎖可変領域、および配列番号14で示される軽鎖可変領域を有する、請求項1または2に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
- ハイブリドーマKM341-1-19(FERM BP-7759)が産生する抗体の重鎖可変領域およびハイブリドーマKM341-1-19(FERM BP-7759)が産生する抗体の軽鎖可変領域を有する、請求項1または2に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
- ハイブリドーマKM341-1-19(FERM BP-7759)が産生する抗体と競合する、請求項1または2に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
- ハイブリドーマKM341-1-19(FERM BP-7759)が産生する抗体のヒトCD40上のエピトープの一部または全部に結合する、請求項1または2に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体をコードするDNA。
- 請求項8に記載のDNAを含有する組換えベクター。
- 請求項9に記載の組換えベクターを宿主細胞に導入して得られる形質転換体。
- 請求項10に記載の形質転換体を培地に培養し、培養物中に請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体を生成蓄積させ、該培養物から該モノクローナル抗体を採取することを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体の製造方法。
- 配列番号2で示されるポリペプチドから分泌シグナルを除いたポリペプチド、および配列番号12で示されるポリペプチドから分泌シグナルを除いたポリペプチドを有する、請求項1または2に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
- 配列番号2で示されるポリペプチドから分泌シグナルを除いたポリペプチドをコードするDNA、および配列番号12で示されるポリペプチドから分泌シグナルを除いたポリペプチドをコードするDNAを含有する組換ベクター。
- 請求項13に記載の組換えベクターを宿主細胞に導入して得られる形質転換体。
- 請求項14に記載の形質転換体を培地に培養し、培養物中に請求項12に記載のモノクローナル抗体を生成蓄積させ、該培養物から該モノクローナル抗体を採取することを特徴とする請求項12に記載のモノクローナル抗体の製造方法。
- 請求項1~7および12のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体を有効成分として含有する医薬組成物。
- 請求項1~7および12のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体を有効成分として含有する、悪性腫瘍または感染症の治療剤。
- 悪性腫瘍または感染症の治療剤の製造のための請求項1~7および12のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体の使用。
- 悪性腫瘍または感染症の治療のための請求項1~7および12のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
- 請求項1~7および12のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体を投与することを特徴とする、悪性腫瘍または感染症の治療方法。
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ES10767069.7T ES2561081T3 (es) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-20 | Anticuerpo que contiene IgG2 que presenta una mutación de aminoácido introducida en el mismo |
AU2010240138A AU2010240138B9 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-20 | Antibody containing IgG2 having amino acid mutation introduced therein |
CA2759146A CA2759146C (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-20 | Agonist anti-cd40 antibody |
NZ595825A NZ595825A (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-20 | Antibody containing igg2 having amino acid mutation introduced therein |
PL10767069T PL2423228T3 (pl) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-20 | Przeciwciało zawierające IGG2 mającą wprowadzoną do niej mutację aminokwasową |
US13/265,075 US9234044B2 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-20 | Agonistic anti-CD40 IGG2 antibodies having amino acid mutations introduced therein |
JP2011510330A JP5694921B2 (ja) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-20 | アミノ酸変異が導入されたIgG2を有する抗体 |
EP15190139.4A EP2993188B1 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-20 | Anti cd40 antibody containing igg2 having three amino acid mutations introduced therein |
EP10767069.7A EP2423228B1 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-20 | Antibody containing igg2 having amino acid mutation introduced therein |
US14/952,419 US9587031B2 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2015-11-25 | DNA encoding an anti-CD40 IgG2 antibody having amino acid mutations |
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US17073809P | 2009-04-20 | 2009-04-20 | |
US61/170738 | 2009-04-20 |
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US13/265,075 A-371-Of-International US9234044B2 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-20 | Agonistic anti-CD40 IGG2 antibodies having amino acid mutations introduced therein |
US14/952,419 Division US9587031B2 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2015-11-25 | DNA encoding an anti-CD40 IgG2 antibody having amino acid mutations |
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WO2010123012A1 true WO2010123012A1 (ja) | 2010-10-28 |
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PCT/JP2010/057027 WO2010123012A1 (ja) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-20 | アミノ酸変異が導入されたIgG2を有する抗体 |
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US (2) | US9234044B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2423228B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5694921B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2010240138B9 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2759146C (ja) |
ES (2) | ES2561081T3 (ja) |
HU (1) | HUE028537T2 (ja) |
NZ (1) | NZ595825A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2423228T3 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT2423228E (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010123012A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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PL2423228T3 (pl) | 2016-06-30 |
NZ595825A (en) | 2012-10-26 |
AU2010240138B9 (en) | 2016-12-15 |
ES2829423T3 (es) | 2021-05-31 |
US20160075792A1 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
EP2993188B1 (en) | 2020-08-19 |
JPWO2010123012A1 (ja) | 2012-10-25 |
HUE028537T2 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
PT2423228E (pt) | 2016-02-26 |
US9234044B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
JP5694921B2 (ja) | 2015-04-01 |
US9587031B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 |
EP2993188A1 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
AU2010240138A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
US20120087927A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
CA2759146C (en) | 2017-06-13 |
EP2423228B1 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
EP2423228A4 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
JP2015146805A (ja) | 2015-08-20 |
JP6016956B2 (ja) | 2016-10-26 |
CA2759146A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
EP2423228A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
AU2010240138B2 (en) | 2016-05-12 |
ES2561081T3 (es) | 2016-02-24 |
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