WO2010117025A1 - 超音波診断装置、および、血流動態の分布像の構成方法 - Google Patents
超音波診断装置、および、血流動態の分布像の構成方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for transmitting ultrasonic waves into a living body and imaging information inside the living body based on the received signal.
- the present invention calculates information related to blood flow from a captured image using a contrast agent.
- the present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that displays images in an integrated manner.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is one of imaging apparatuses that are widely used in the medical field together with MRI and CT, and is characterized by being a small apparatus and high spatial resolution and temporal resolution.
- ultrasound contrast agents In recent years, with the widespread use of ultrasound contrast agents, angiographic techniques and tumor imaging techniques have been developed, and improvement in diagnostic ability is expected.
- CTA CT-Angiography
- X-rays intravenously injected, and a plurality of X-ray images acquired at the stage where the contrast agent passes through the blood vessel can be reconstructed to visualize the blood vessel structure in three dimensions.
- the patient may be burdened by X-ray exposure or contrast medium administration.
- diagnostic imaging using ultrasound does not involve invasion such as exposure during imaging.
- the contrast agent since the microbubbles having a diameter of several ⁇ m are used as the contrast agent, the contrast agent itself is not toxic.
- the microbubbles are discharged from the body by the natural metabolic function of the body over time. For this reason, image diagnosis using ultrasound has a feature that the burden on the patient is small. Since microbubbles (contrast agent for ultrasound) resonate with ultrasonic waves of several MHz used in the medical field and emit strong nonlinear signals, the nonlinear signals are specifically detected and imaged. Can depict a clear blood vessel structure with high contrast.
- Ultrasonic contrast agents are roughly classified into high sound pressure type and low sound pressure type due to the difference in behavior with respect to ultrasonic irradiation.
- the high sound pressure type bubbles are crushed by irradiating ultrasonic waves with high sound pressure (mechanical index: MI1.0 to 1.9), and an image is formed by a non-linear signal generated at that time. Since the contrast medium (microbubbles) disappears with each irradiation, it is necessary to appropriately change the imaging surface in order to observe the contrast in the same region.
- the low sound pressure type performs image composition with nonlinear signals obtained by resonating without damaging bubbles by ultrasonic irradiation of (MI 0.1 to 0.9), so that it exhibits a continuous contrast effect and continues the same region.
- contrast agents microbubbles
- Kupffer cells present in the sinusoids connecting arteries and portal veins to central veins. Therefore, when ultrasound is irradiated while the contrast medium is filled in the liver tissue, the region where Kupffer cells are functioning normally is stained with high brightness, so that the lesion area such as a tumor is defective in brightness. Can be identified. Furthermore, since the brightness and the duration of the staining are one index for evaluating the function of the Kupffer cell, it is considered to be effective for the liver function diagnosis.
- contrast-enhanced images by ultrasound are effective not only for observing a fine blood vessel structure but also for judging the function of the tissue, and have become widespread mainly in the abdominal region.
- the low sound pressure type contrast agent described above has an advantage that a contrast effect is sustained because a nonlinear signal is generated by resonance by ultrasonic irradiation, and the progress of the shadow can be observed on the same imaging surface.
- the blood vessels of arteries, portal veins, and veins are stained at different phases depending on the path, and then the tissue is stained. Is done.
- the tissue when there is a tumor, it exhibits a different shadowing process depending on the degree of vascular proliferation and activity, so that the nature of the tumor can be known by closely observing the dynamics of the shadowing.
- Such a difference in the staining process depending on the tissue indicates a change in blood flow such as a flow path, flow rate, and velocity of the blood flow starting from the heart, that is, blood flow dynamics.
- TIC Time-Intensity Curve
- Patent Document 1 is a technique for calculating an index value such as a luminance average value from a TIC measured by a transmission sequence in which high and low sound pressures are combined, and presenting an image color-coded according to the value. is there.
- TIC measurement is triggered by high-sound pressure ultrasound irradiation on a tissue filled with contrast agent, and is performed by measuring the process of contrast agent recirculation in the imaging plane under low sound pressure irradiation. Yes.
- An object of the present invention is to calculate an evaluation index indicating the blood flow dynamics starting from the heart using a TIC indicating a temporal change in the staining from administration of a contrast agent to tissue staining, and color according to the value.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus constituting a map.
- the following ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus That is, a probe that transmits / receives ultrasonic waves to / from an imaging target, an image data configuration unit that configures image data based on a signal received by the probe, and a temporal luminance change curve from the luminance value of the image data
- A supervise that has a luminance change curve calculation unit, a distribution image component that forms a distribution image of blood flow dynamics from the value of a predetermined parameter obtained from a time luminance change curve, and a display unit that displays the distribution image of blood flow dynamics
- An ultrasound diagnostic apparatus is provided.
- blood flow dynamics starting from the heart can be evaluated by a luminance change curve (TIC), and images showing differences in blood vessel and tissue properties can be displayed in color, which makes it easy to compare differences in blood flow dynamics.
- TIC luminance change curve
- An image display device that can be provided can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to a first embodiment.
- the flowchart which shows the process process from the contrast agent administration of Example 1 to the display of a color map.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a storage trigger for image data according to the first embodiment.
- (A) Explanatory drawing which shows the process which acquires the luminance value of the same pixel of the image data in the process 102 of Example 1,
- Graph showing TIC smoothed 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example in which a position correction vector calculation unit is provided in the apparatus configuration of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining changing a color range by redistributing colors in a range of a region of interest on a color map according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining changing a color range by redistributing colors with reference to a reference area on a color map according to the first embodiment.
- Explanatory drawing which shows the image which superimposed and displayed the information which remove
- FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the image which superimposed the background image on the color map of Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to a second embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of the different imaging surface of Example 2.
- FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the structure of 3D color map by the image data of each imaging surface of Example 2.
- FIG. The block diagram which shows the structural example provided with the position correction vector calculating part in the apparatus structure of Example 2.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating position correction processing according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus (image display apparatus) of the first embodiment.
- This apparatus includes a probe 2 that transmits / receives an ultrasonic signal to / from an imaging target 1, a transmission beamformer 3 that gives a predetermined time delay to form a desired transmission / reception beam on a piezoelectric element constituting the probe 2, and It is generated in the process in which the ultrasonic signal propagates inside the living body, the D / A converter 4 that performs digital / analog conversion on the transmission signal, the A / D converter 6 that performs analog / digital conversion on the reception signal.
- a TGC (time gain controller) 5 that corrects amplitude attenuation, an envelope detector 8 that detects a received RF (radio frequency) signal and converts it into an image signal, and an SC that forms two-dimensional image data from the image signal (Scan converter) 9, an image memory 10 for storing image data at a predetermined sampling interval configured by SC 9, a sampling interval of image data and a time luminance change curve (
- the TIC calculation control unit 11 that performs control related to the generation of the TIC, such as the setting of the region of interest to be generated), and the TIC that generates the TIC based on the control content set by the TIC calculation control unit 11
- the value of the parameter specified by the drawing information input unit 13 is calculated from the calculation unit 12, the drawing information input unit 13 for designating an evaluation index (parameter) calculated from the TIC, and the TIC generated by the TIC calculation unit 12.
- a parameter calculation unit 14 that performs the calculation, a distribution image configuration unit 16 that configures a color map based on the calculated parameter value, a display unit 17 that displays an image formed by the distribution image configuration unit 16, and a display on the display unit 17. And a display information input unit 15 for receiving a change in the display mode of the color map and TIC.
- the system from the signal received by the probe 2 to the construction of image data is referred to as an image data construction unit.
- the image composed of the image data configuration unit is a monochrome image (B mode) of a general-purpose ultrasonic diagnostic machine or a contrast agent image (a signal from the contrast agent is enhanced by a transmission / reception sequence, filter processing, etc.) Since the image construction method is generally known, only a brief description will be given here.
- the ultrasonic irradiation surface of the probe 2 has a one-dimensional array configuration in which a plurality of piezoelectric elements are arranged in a line, and each element is responsible for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves.
- a voltage pulse from the transmission beamformer 3 is input to each piezoelectric element via the D / A converter 4, and ultrasonic waves are irradiated toward the imaging target 1 by piezoelectric vibration of the element.
- a predetermined time delay is electronically given to each piezoelectric element, and the ultrasonic wave transmitted from each piezoelectric element is focused at a predetermined position inside the imaging target 1.
- the reflected echo from the imaging target 1 is received by each piezoelectric element, and the amplitude is corrected according to the propagation distance by the TGC 5 in order to correct the attenuation of the signal generated in the propagation process.
- the reception signal is sent to the reception beamformer 7 via the A / D converter 6, and the addition result is output with a delay time corresponding to the distance from the focal position to each piezoelectric element (phased addition). ).
- a technique for enhancing and imaging a signal from a contrast agent for example, a method of transmitting two signals whose phases are reversed and adding the received signals is well known.
- the addition of the received signal suppresses the fundamental frequency component, which is mainly the tissue component, while enhancing the harmonic component, which is mainly the signal from the contrast agent.
- the two-dimensional reflected echo distribution of the imaging target 1 can be obtained by performing ultrasonic transmission / reception with all the scanning lines along the piezoelectric element array.
- An RF signal divided into a real part and an imaginary part is output from the reception beamformer 7 and sent to the envelope detection unit 8.
- the signal sent to the envelope detection unit 8 is converted into a video signal, and then pixel interpolation between the scanning lines is added at SC9 to reconstruct it into two-dimensional image data, which is then displayed on the display unit 17.
- the operator confirms the image data displayed on the display unit 17 while operating the probe 2 by a general usage method, and determines the imaging surface in the region of interest.
- image data is stored in the image memory 10 at the same time as the contrast medium is administered (steps 100 and 101).
- the operator operates a switch installed on the operation panel of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and thereby a trigger for starting the storage of image data is sent to the TIC calculation unit 12.
- the configuration is input.
- the trigger signal is sent to the SC 9 and storage in the image memory 10 is started.
- a TIC switch is provided on the probe 2, its operability is further improved.
- the acquired image data and the image data acquired immediately before are compared, and the storage is automatically started from the time when the luminance change becomes large.
- the operability is further improved.
- a difference value for each pixel is calculated between the acquired image and the image acquired immediately before it, and the sum is calculated.
- the image data is automatically saved from the time when this value continues to increase for 0.5 seconds (corresponding to 10 frames when the frame rate is 20).
- the increase in brightness at the start of the inflow of the contrast agent lasts for several seconds, and the time difference for the contrast agent to flow into the artery, portal vein, and other blood vessels also takes 1 second or more.
- image data Even if image data is acquired, data reflecting the blood flow dynamics of each blood vessel can be obtained.
- the acquired image data is stored in advance, and the time after the time that is set back by a preset number of seconds (1 to several seconds) from when the image data storage start trigger is entered manually or automatically by the operator.
- the operator sets the sampling interval of the image data stored in the image memory 10 in the TIC calculation control unit 11 in advance.
- TIC temporary luminance curve
- the frame from which image data is acquired is stored. It is necessary to set the sampling interval in consideration of the rate and reduce the load on the memory. Since the increase in luminance on the image data due to the inflow of the contrast agent reaches an equilibrium state in a few seconds, sampling of at least about 4 Hz is necessary. Therefore, for example, when the frame rate is 20 Hz, image data is stored every five frames.
- the initial value f1 (x, y) is subtracted from each luminance value, and the luminance value 0 is set as the starting point. However, since the initial value information is retained, the original TIC can be restored and confirmed by the operator.
- TIC generation may be performed for all pixels of image data stored in the image memory 10.
- a pixel range may be set in advance, and a TIC of the average luminance value of the pixel range may be generated.
- the pixel range for generating the TIC may be limited to the range of the region of interest set on the image data by the operator.
- the region of interest can be set by the operator in advance on the image data displayed on the display unit 17 before the image data is saved, or the saving of the image data is finished. Later, appropriate image data from the stored image data may be displayed on the display unit 17 and set by the operator on the image data.
- the image data itself stored in the image memory 10 can be limited to the range of the region of interest. In this case, the load on the memory can be reduced. .
- Information on the region of interest that limits the pixel range for generating the TIC is input to the TIC calculation control unit 11 by the operator.
- the TIC generation process in step 102 is executed simultaneously with the saving of the image data, except when a region of interest is set for the image data saved in the image memory 10.
- a position correction vector calculation unit 18 is provided as shown in FIG. 5 and a position correction process is performed before the TIC generation process if necessary. is there.
- a generally known pattern matching process is used as the position correction process.
- a reference area 62 that serves as a reference for position correction is set on the acquired first image data 61.
- a search area 63 is set on the image data to be subjected to position correction.
- the center position of the search area 63 is the same as that of the reference area 62, and the size of the search area 63 is arbitrarily determined by the operator according to the size of the positional deviation to be corrected.
- a matching area 64 that can be regarded as the same as the reference area 62 is searched from the search area 63, and a vector connecting the center position of the matching area 64 and the center position of the search area 63 is generated as a position correction vector 65 (FIG. 6B).
- a search method for the matching area 64 for example, the sum of absolute difference values is calculated while shifting the reference area 62 pixel by pixel within the search area 63, and the area is determined to have the minimum value.
- FIG. 7A shows the reference image data f t0 , the images (f t1 , f t2 , f t3 , f t4 , f t5 ) to be corrected, the positions of the structures 211 in these images,
- the TIC acquisition position (pixel) 212 and the position coordinates of the structure 211 on each image data are shown.
- position correction is not performed as shown in FIG. 7A, the TIC acquisition position 212 is fixed regardless of the position change of the structure 211 (FIG. 7C). For this reason, since the luminance value of the same pixel (x 0 , y 0 ) is acquired, an error due to misalignment occurs.
- the TIC acquisition position 212 is moved based on the position correction vector 65 (FIG. 6B) generated by the position correction vector calculation unit 18 as shown in FIG.
- the coordinates of the TIC acquisition position 212 can be matched (FIG. 7C). This enables accurate TIC generation.
- FIG. 8 shows the luminance change of the correction target pixel (x 0 , y 0 ) and two adjacent pixels (x 1 , y 1 ) and (x 2 , y 2 ) from time t 0 to t 8. Each is indicated by a circle mark, a triangle mark, and a square mark.
- Smoothing processing is performed on the TIC of this pixel (x 0 , y 0 ) as follows. First, the average value of the luminance value at the time t 0 and the luminance value at the time t 2 of the pixel (x 0 , y 0 ) is obtained, and the luminance value closest to this is calculated for each pixel (x 0 , y 0 ) at the time t 1 . , (X 1 , y 1 ), (x 2 , y 2 ) are selected from the luminance values, determined as the time t 1 of the pixel (x 0 , y 0 ), and used for TLC.
- Luminance value at t 2 in the same manner selects the value closest to the average value of the luminance at time t 1 and time t 3 from the luminance value of each pixel at time t 2.
- the TIC shown by the solid line in FIG. 8 is generated.
- correction processing is assumed with two adjacent pixels, but the number of pixels is not limited, and for example, correction may be performed with all eight adjacent pixels. However, there is a trade-off relationship between the correction accuracy and the processing load, and the pixels used for correction are determined in consideration of the processing time.
- step 103 the drawing information input unit 13 is activated in response to the operation of a predetermined switch on the operation panel or the display screen by the operator, and the construction process of the color map indicating the blood flow dynamics is started. Simultaneously with the activation of the drawing information input unit 13, the image data stored in the image memory 10 is reproduced on the display unit 17 as a moving image (contrast image) 90 in chronological order.
- the moving image displayed on the display unit 17 may be an image that is stored by the SC 9 through compression processing and directly transferred to the display unit 17.
- the TIC of the region of interest is displayed side by side with the contrast image 90 on the display screen 41.
- a plurality of regions of interest 91 can be set at arbitrary positions.
- the operator can freely select the parallel display 93 and the superimposed display 92. Further, the operator can freely edit the display form, such as displaying the region of interest 91 or the TIC designated by the operator in the superimposed display 92 and displaying the other TICs in the parallel display 93.
- step 104 the operator selects drawing information that should form the color map from the drawing information list.
- Each drawing information corresponds to an evaluation index (parameter) representing the characteristics of the TIC.
- Drawing information is selected on a navigation screen 51 displayed on the display unit 17 as shown in FIG. An example of the navigation screen 51 is shown in FIG.
- the navigation screen 51 shows an appropriate TIC (schematic diagram of TIC or any TIC shown in FIG. 9) 52 and a list 53 of representative drawing information, and values or ranges corresponding to each drawing information are shown. It is shown on TIC52.
- the “inflow start time” is the time when the contrast medium administered from the vein flows into the region of interest and the shadowing starts ((1) shown on the TIC 52 in FIG. 10), and the “balanced luminance arrival time” is the contrast medium Is sufficiently recirculated to reach an equilibrium state ((2) in FIG. 10), and “disappearance start time” is the time (contrast (3 in FIG. 10) when the contrast agent disappears from the equilibrium state and the TIC begins to decrease. )), “Duration” is the time to reach the threshold again due to the disappearance of the contrast agent after reaching the threshold brightness ((4) in FIG. 10), and “threshold brightness arrival time” is the threshold. The time to reach the brightness ((5) in FIG.
- TIC increase rate is an index reflecting the blood flow rate, and the time change rate of TIC from the start of staining to the equilibrium state (same as in FIG. 10).
- TIC drop rate is an index reflecting the disappearance rate of the contrast agent, and the time change rate of TIC when the TIC drops from the equilibrium state ((7) in FIG. 10)
- Equilibrium brightness is an index reflecting blood flow, and the brightness value when the contrast agent is sufficiently circulated to reach an equilibrium state ((8) in FIG. 10). It is an index that suggests the total flow rate of TIC and is the time integral value of TIC (the hatched area in FIG. 10 (9)).
- the operator selects drawing information from the drawing information list 53 by operating the pointer displayed on the display unit 17 and selecting a desired number.
- the selected drawing information and the corresponding number on the TIC 52 are highlighted with underline or bold as shown in FIG. 10, and the selected item can be easily identified.
- the order of the drawing information in the drawing information list 53 displayed on the navigation screen 51 is ranked according to, for example, the frequency selected by the operator in the past or the importance in tumor diagnosis, and the drawing information with a higher rank comes up. It is possible to make it the structure which displays as follows. It is also possible to configure so that the operator can freely change the order of the drawing information.
- the threshold necessary for calculating the threshold luminance arrival time and duration is set by the operator moving an arrow (an arrow indicating (5) or (4) in FIG. 10) installed on the TIC 52 in FIG. It is configured to be. At that time, the brightness value corresponding to the position designated by the arrow is also displayed on the navigation screen 51.
- drawing information in the drawing information list 53 in FIG. 10 is an example.
- drawing information that can be acquired based on the TIC is newly defined. It is configured so that the operator can freely edit.
- the parameter calculation unit 14 calculates a parameter (evaluation index) value corresponding to the drawing information selected in step 104.
- the TIC generated by the TIC calculation unit 12 is simplified to a function having a typical TIC characteristic set in advance, and a parameter value is calculated for the simplified TIC.
- FIG. 11 shows a TIC (dashed line) generated by the TIC calculation unit 12 and a TIC (straight line) simplified by a predetermined function.
- the predetermined function starts at a luminance value of 0, increases linearly at the first time point, reaches an equilibrium luminance value at the second time point, and then reaches a constant time equilibrium state and then linearly at the third time point. It is assumed to descend.
- an inclination indicating a luminance increase from the first time point to the second time point is calculated.
- the average luminance value (I avg ) and the time (number 1 and number 2) that become 1/2 of the average luminance value (I avg / 2) are obtained from the time-averaged TIC for each of the rising time and falling time, and these Is used to determine the luminance change per unit time from Equations 3 and 4, and these are used as parameter values corresponding to the “TIC increase rate” and “TIC decrease rate” of the drawing information.
- the straight line connecting two measurement points (Equation 5 and Equation 6) determined from the value used when calculating the rate of increase is extended, and the time when the straight line reaches the luminance value 0 is defined as the first time point.
- the time at the first time point is a parameter value corresponding to the “inflow start time” of the drawing information.
- the time point when the extension line of the straight line connecting the two measurement points (Equation 5 and Equation 6) when calculating the “TIC increase rate” reaches the equilibrium luminance value is obtained.
- the second time is assumed.
- the time at the second time point is a parameter value corresponding to the “balanced luminance arrival time”.
- the time when the extension line of the straight line connecting the two measurement points (Equation 8 and Equation 9) determined from the value obtained when calculating the “TIC decrease rate” reaches the “balanced luminance” value is obtained.
- the time at the third time point is a parameter value corresponding to the “disappearance start time”.
- the equilibrium time from the second time point is assumed and the third time is measured (data acquisition) end time.
- the luminance at the third time point is the equilibrium luminance value.
- the operator inputs the threshold value directly. Although not necessarily required, it is possible to immediately reflect the change of the drawing information in the color map by calculating the value indicating the characteristic of the TIC in advance.
- the information stored in each pixel constituting the image data includes the initial value of the TIC calculated by the TIC simplification process, the first time point, the second time point, the third time point, and the TIC lowering rate. You may restrict to. With these five pieces of information, the outline of the TIC of each pixel can be reproduced, and a color map can be constructed.
- the contrast agent inflow start time is introduced as a parameter t 0
- step 106 based on the parameter values calculated in step 105, a color map in which pixels are color-coded according to the magnitude of each value is constructed.
- FIG. 1 An example of the display form of the color map is shown in FIG.
- the contrast image 90 that is the stored image data
- the TIC superimposed display 92 corresponding to the selected region of interest
- the selected drawing information and the corresponding value are displayed on the TIC superimposed display 92.
- An arrow 94 is displayed, and a color map 95 representing the values corresponding to the drawing information in pixel colors is displayed.
- a color bar 96 is attached to the color map 95 to show the correspondence between the parameter value and the color.
- the correspondence between the parameter value and the color is configured so that the operator can freely change it. For example, it is possible to change the association between the color gradation and the color density and the parameter value.
- the color bar 96 can be configured to display quantitative values by displaying actually calculated parameter values.
- the operator can freely change the drawing information selection.
- a plurality of color maps 95 corresponding to the selected drawing information are displayed in parallel on the display screen 41 of the display unit 17 as shown in FIG. Yes.
- the blood vessel that is the origin of the tumor blood vessel, the blood flow volume of the tumor tissue, etc. are important information for diagnosis, but the color based on the drawing information such as “inflow start time”, “equilibrium luminance”, or “integral value”
- the operator can freely select one or more of the TIC superimposed display 92, the drawing information list 53, the contrast image 90, and the color map 95, and the arrangement and size can be selected. Is configured so that the operator can freely edit it.
- the display mode of the color map 95 can be changed based on either the color bar 96 or the color map 95.
- step 107 two arrows 97 are displayed on the color bar 96 as shown in FIG.
- the operator performs an operation of moving the arrow 97 on the display screen 41 to limit the color area of interest on the color map, that is, the parameter value range, and perform color optimization within the area.
- the display range is limited to 5 to 15 seconds for the color bar 96 of the color map 95 of the “threshold luminance arrival time”
- the color redistribution is performed within the limited range of 5 to 15 seconds.
- an area indicating a limited range is displayed on the superimposed display 92 of the TIC as shown in FIG.
- the processing for limiting the range of the parameter value can be performed based on the value on the TIC. For example, it can be changed by the operator specifying the time or luminance range to be evaluated on the superimposed display 92 of the TIC.
- the configuration is as follows. By appropriately narrowing the parameter value range, it is possible to highlight and display a region showing similar blood flow dynamics.
- a luminance 98 as a threshold is set on the superimposed display 92 of the TIC as shown in FIG. 14, and the area not exceeding this is set to 0 on the color map 95.
- a median filter can be appropriately applied to remove a mosaic generated in the color map 95, thereby improving visibility.
- the region of interest 81 can be set in the color map 95, and the color can be redistributed within the set region of interest 81.
- the color range of the region of interest can be expanded, so that slight differences in parameters can be clearly distinguished by color differences.
- a reference area 99 when a reference area 99 is set on the color map 95, it is possible to redistribute colors based on the parameter values of the reference area 99. is there.
- the color bar 96 displays the position of the corresponding color as an arrow 160.
- a color bar range in which the parameter value is 0 second to 20 seconds is displayed, and an arrow 160 is displayed at the position of 8 seconds that is the parameter value in the reference area 99.
- the color bar 96 is reset to the standard range of 8 to 20 seconds.
- the conversion value 161 when the parameter value of the reference area 99 is set to 0 seconds is also written together with the original parameter value (for example, in the color bar 96a in FIG. 16, the conversion value 161 is written together as parentheses. ing).
- the limited parameter value range is displayed on the superimposed display 92 of the TIC as shown in FIG.
- the operator can change the range so that the parameter value range can be adjusted. By this processing, it is possible to evaluate in detail the difference in the start timing of the inflow of the contrast medium to the reference blood vessel.
- a color for displaying the missing information can be set in the color bar, and the color map can be superimposed to compensate.
- the color map of the inflow start time shown in FIG. 16 by limiting the parameter to 8 seconds or later, information from 0 seconds to 7 seconds is lost. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 17, an image of a color map 95b outside the range of 0 to 7 seconds is prepared together with an image of the color map 95a within the range constituted by parameters of 8 to 20 seconds, and both are superimposed.
- the superimposed image 171 can be configured.
- the above-described change in the color map display mode is performed based on the color bar or the color map, but each change is also reflected in the superimposed display 92 of the TIC. Therefore, it is possible to change the display form based on the superimposed display 92 of the TIC. As shown in FIG. 14 or FIG. 16, the operator sets a region 141 for limiting the parameter range on the TIC, and this is the color map. 95 and the color bar 96 can be reflected.
- a specific contrast image 90 is selected from the reproduced image, and a superimposed image 182 superimposed on the color map 95 is generated and displayed using the contrast image 90 as the background image 181.
- the background image 181 an image obtained by performing image processing such as blood vessel enhancement on the stored image can be used.
- a maximum luminance image 183 or an average luminance image 184 that has been processed to emphasize the blood vessel structure by calculating the maximum luminance or the average luminance of the TIC from the TIC generated for each pixel.
- the background image 181 is not limited to a contrast image, and an image showing tissue elasticity, a CT image, an MRI image, a PET image, or the like can also be used.
- various medical images such as generally known ultrasonic images such as Doppler and contrast images, CT images, and MRI images can be displayed in parallel or superimposed, so that the operator can It is possible to display an image specialized for the required information.
- the major tumor blood vessels, tumor tissue blood flow, and the spread direction of the tumor tissue staining, which are important in distinguishing liver tumors, can be easily compared by displaying multiple color maps in parallel.
- comparing the color maps before and after treatment is considered effective in determining the effect of treatment.
- the configuration of this embodiment such as the parallel display of color maps is effective in all the treatment steps such as confirmation of the situation, confirmation of the treatment result, and determination of the treatment effect.
- Information input to the TIC calculation control unit 11, the drawing information input unit 13, and the display information input unit 15 can be configured to be input by the operator in advance as an initial setting, and the operator's input work is omitted. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which initial setting is automatically performed. At that time, the initial setting can be simplified by packaging the contents of the initial setting for each clinical use. For example, in the application of liver tumor diagnosis, it is important to know the properties of tumor blood vessels and tumor tissue. In other words, the timing of the start of staining of tumor blood vessels and tumor tissues starting from the heart, the amount of contrast medium taken up by the liver Kupffer cells, and the like are important indicators. Therefore, from the drawing information list 53 shown in FIG.
- information that is considered to be at least necessary such as “inflow start time”, “duration”, “integral value” can be selected as drawing information for tumor diagnosis in advance as a package.
- the configuration Thereby, the operator can omit necessary fine settings and automatically display necessary information by selecting an item (package) for drawing information for tumor diagnosis.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus (image display apparatus) of Example 2 is a three-dimensional extension of the technique described in Example 1.
- the apparatus configuration is shown in FIG.
- a driving device such as a motor is attached to the probe of the one-dimensional array described in the first embodiment. Any probe that has a two-dimensional array or a mechanically movable probe may be used.
- the transmission beamformer 3 is provided with a transmission control unit 19 and controls a transmission sequence for acquiring image data of a plurality of different cross sections.
- the transmission sequence is determined by the size (azimuth direction, depth direction, slice direction) of the region from which the three-dimensional information is acquired, the frame rate of the image data, and the sampling interval of the image data when generating the TIC.
- the sampling interval of the image data when generating the TIC needs about 4 Hz. Therefore, when the frame rate of the image data is 20 Hz, it is possible to capture a maximum of five sections at different positions in the slice direction.
- the interval between the imaging sections is 1 mm, and this value is set as the interval in which the probe moves in the slice direction during imaging.
- the region of interest is included, such as narrowing the region width in the azimuth direction or depth direction. Adjust according to the usage of the operator.
- the TIC generation based on the acquired image data, the input of drawing information, the calculation of parameter values, and the various display forms displayed on the display unit 17 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted. Next, processing in the distribution image forming unit 16 will be described.
- the probe of the one-dimensional array is moved in the slice direction as shown in FIG. 20 and images are taken at five different positions from the first imaging surface to the fifth imaging surface.
- the transmission sequence sequentially captures images from the first imaging surface to the fifth imaging surface, repeats this as one scan until the operator finishes the measurement.
- the acquired image data 210 is distributed for each imaging section as shown in FIG. 21, and after the TIC generation and parameter calculation are performed for each imaging section, a two-dimensional color map 95 is configured for each imaging section. .
- a noise removal filter such as a median filter is applied to each color map 95.
- the configured two-dimensional color map 95 is three-dimensionally arranged at the position interval of each imaging surface at the time of imaging.
- the space generated between the imaging sections is complemented with pixels by linear interpolation processing or the like, and a 3D color map 211 is configured.
- the three-dimensional color map enables three-dimensional observation of differences in blood flow dynamics between tissues.
- FIG. 22 shows a configuration in which the position correction vector calculation unit 18 is added to the apparatus configuration shown in FIG. 19 in order to reduce the influence of the positional deviation of the imaging target that occurs during TIC generation.
- the position correction method by the position correction vector calculation unit 18 is the same as the method described in the first embodiment, but the search range is extended to three dimensions. Focusing on the third imaging surface shown in FIG. 20 or FIG. 21, a case where an absolute difference value is used as a search index will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 23, a search is made for an area in which the absolute difference between the search area 63 and the reference area 62 of the image data 61 in the same imaging plane, that is, the position correction target on the third imaging plane, is minimum. To do.
- image data 66 and 68 acquired at the same time phase (scan) as the image data previously searched is selected from the image data of the adjacent second imaging surface and fourth imaging surface, and a search area 67, 69 is set to calculate the minimum value of the search index.
- the minimum values calculated on the respective imaging planes are compared, and the minimum area becomes the matching area, and the position correction vector is determined.
- the method of smoothing the TIC of the pixel of interest by comparing it with the TIC of surrounding pixels can also be applied in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
- the pixels used for correction may be selected from the same imaging surface, or may be selected from other adjacent imaging surfaces.
- the method of selecting the luminance for each time is the same as the method described in the first embodiment.
- the configured 3D color map can be displayed in parallel or superimposed with CT images, MRI images, and PET images.
- the above-described image display device is a technique for acquiring a luminance change in image data in units of pixels as a TIC and converting a parameter calculated from the TIC into a color map. Therefore, the scope of application of the present technology is not limited to ultrasound images, but covers all digital image data such as MRI images, CT images, and PET images.
- a probe for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves to and from an imaging target an image data configuration unit for configuring image data based on signals acquired by the probe, an image memory for storing image data, and an image TIC calculation control unit for controlling data acquisition and TIC generation, TIC calculation unit for generating TIC from luminance values on image data, and evaluation index (parameter) values required for image configuration from TIC
- a display information input unit for changing the display form of the displayed image.
- An image display device further comprising a TIC calculation control unit for setting a region of interest and a sampling interval for image data to be stored, and performing control related to processing steps of image data storage and TIC generation is there.
- the TIC generated by the TIC calculation unit is an image display device that is smoothed by an averaging process in the time direction while maintaining the number of measurement points (sampling points).
- the TIC generation process in the TIC calculation unit is an image display device that is executed for every pixel of the stored image data or for each preset region.
- the image display device is characterized in that the TIC calculation unit simplifies a change in luminance due to the reflux of the contrast agent with a predetermined function set in advance and calculates characteristic measurement points of the TIC.
- the function set in the TIC calculation unit is a constant value from the start of measurement to the first time point, increases linearly from the first time point to the second time point, becomes a constant value from the second time point to the third time point, and from the third time point.
- An image display device characterized by further comprising a drawing information input unit for inputting drawing information required by an operator, wherein the parameter calculated from the TIC in the parameter calculation unit reflects the drawing information is there.
- the drawing information input unit is an image display device in which an operator inputs based on a TIC reflecting drawing information displayed on a navigation screen displayed on the display unit and information indicating the drawing information.
- the input of drawing information in the drawing information input unit is an image display device that is omitted by setting drawing information in advance.
- the navigation screen or drawing information displayed in the image information control unit is an image display device characterized in that an operator can freely edit items such as addition, deletion, and change of text.
- the display unit displays a still image or a moving image of the acquired image data, and displays the TIC of the region of interest set by the operator on the still image or the moving image in parallel or superimposed.
- TIC is an image display device in which an operator designates a region of interest or TIC.
- the information input to the drawing information input unit includes the contrast agent inflow start time, the equilibrium luminance arrival time, the contrast agent disappearance start time, the contrast agent duration, the time to reach a preset threshold, the luminance increase rate or the decrease
- This is an image display device characterized by information relating to blood flow dynamics, such as rate, equilibrium brightness, and total diversion.
- the parameter calculated by the parameter calculation unit reflects information input to the drawing information input unit, and is a value calculated from TIC indicating a luminance change accompanying the reflux of the contrast agent. Device.
- the image configured by the distribution image configuration unit is an image display device that is a color map color-coded according to the value calculated by the parameter calculation unit.
- the display form of the color map on the display unit includes the combination, arrangement, and size of the information to be displayed among drawing information, the still image or moving image of the acquired image data, the TIC of the region of interest specified by the operator, and the color map.
- the image display device is characterized in that an operator can freely edit the image.
- the color map configured by the distribution image forming unit is an image display device characterized in that the color range can be optimized within the range of the region of interest set on the color map by the operator.
- the distribution image configuration unit specify on the color map by specifying the color range of interest with the arrow displayed on the color bar indicating the relationship between the parameters attached to the color map and the color
- the image display apparatus is characterized in that a color map can be reconstructed in an area included in the range and the color range can be optimized.
- An image display device characterized in that a color map based on a reference region is reconstructed by designating a reference region on the color map in a color map configured by a distribution image forming unit.
- An image display device characterized in that a range of parameters displayed on a color map can be limited on a TIC of a region of interest in a color map configured by a distribution image configuration unit.
- the display information input unit is a combination of information to be displayed and a display size, a background image, and a reconstructed information from information on general display forms input by an operator, for example, information such as generated TIC, stored image data, and configured color map.
- the image display apparatus is characterized in that a combination of images that have been processed is received and reflected on the distribution image forming unit or the display unit.
- the color map included in the range of the parameter of interest and the color map not included are configured, and the region of interest or the region not included in the region of interest
- the image display device is characterized in that both images are superimposed after being distinguished by the distribution of the image.
- color map composed of the distribution image component color map composed of different drawing information, ultrasound image, MRI image, CT image, PET image, and other images showing the same imaging target are displayed in combination as a background image
- the information input by the operator can be set in advance before the operation, and the setting contents can be saved and reflected next time.
- Device In the drawing information input section and the display information input section, the information input by the operator can be set in advance before the operation, and the setting contents can be saved and reflected next time.
- the drawing information displayed on the navigation screen in the drawing information input section can be ranked according to what has been frequently selected by the operator in the past or importance in tumor diagnosis, etc.
- An image memory for storing image data, a TIC calculation control unit for controlling the generation of TICs, a TIC calculation unit for generating TICs from luminance values on the image data, and drawing required by the operator
- a drawing information input unit for inputting information
- a parameter calculating unit for calculating parameters corresponding to the drawing information from the TIC and a distribution image for constructing a three-dimensional color map reflecting blood flow dynamics from the parameters
- An image display device having a configuration unit, a display unit for displaying a 3D color map configured by the distribution image configuration unit, and a display information input unit for changing the display form of the displayed image.
- the probe is a one-dimensional array type probe provided with a drive unit such as a motor, or a two-dimensional array type probe, and can acquire image data on a plurality of different imaging planes.
- a drive unit such as a motor
- a two-dimensional array type probe can acquire image data on a plurality of different imaging planes.
- An image display device characterized by the above.
- the 3D color map configured in the distribution image configuration unit is an image display device configured by three-dimensionally combining two-dimensional color maps configured on different imaging planes.
- the generation of the TIC in the TIC calculation unit is an image display device characterized in that a position shift in the space to be imaged is corrected by the position correction vector calculation unit.
- the 3D color map configured by the distribution image configuration unit combines a 3D color map composed of different drawing information, an ultrasound image, an MRI image, a CT image, a PET image, and other images that show the same imaging target as a background image. It is an image display apparatus characterized by displaying.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 撮像対象に超音波を送受信する探触子と、
前記探触子に受信された信号を元に画像データを構成する画像データ構成部と、
前記画像データの輝度値から時間輝度変化曲線を生成する輝度変化曲線演算部と、
前記時間輝度変化曲線から求めた所定のパラメータの値から血流動態の分布像を構成する分布像構成部と、
前記血流動態の分布像を表示する表示部と、
を有する超音波診断装置。 - 空間における前記撮像対象の位置補正ベクトルを演算する位置補正ベクトル演算部を更に有し、
前記輝度変化曲線演算部は、前記位置補正ベクトルにより前記撮像対象の空間の位置を補正し、補正された撮像対象の空間の位置での時間輝度変化曲線を生成する請求項1に記載の超音波診断装置。 - 操作者による描画情報の入力を受け付ける描画情報入力部と、
前記描画情報入力部が受け付けた前記描画情報に対応する予め定めたパラメータの値を前記パラメータの値として前記時間輝度変化曲線から算出するパラメータ算出部とをさらに有する請求項1に記載の超音波診断装置。 - 前記描画情報は、血流動態に関係する情報である、造影剤の流入開始時間、平衡輝度到達時間、造影剤の消失開始時間、造影剤の持続時間、予め設定する閾値に到達する時間、輝度上昇率、輝度下降率、平衡状態の輝度、および、総流量のうちの少なくとも一つである請求項3に記載の超音波診断装置。
- 前記パラメータ算出部が算出するパラメータの値は、前記撮像対象に投与された造影剤の還流に伴う輝度変化を示す時間輝度変化曲線から算出される値である請求項3に記載の超音波診断装置。
- 前記分布像構成部は、前記パラメータの値に応じて色分けされた二次元又は三次元のカラーマップ画像を構成する請求項1に記載の超音波診断装置。
- 操作者による表示態様の設定を受け付ける表示情報入力部を更に有し、
前記分布像構成部は、前記描画情報、取得した画像データの静止画像または動画像、関心領域の時間輝度変化曲線、および、前記パラメータの値に応じて色分けされた血流動態の分布像、のうちの少なくとも一つを、前記表示情報入力部の受け付けた前記表示態様で表示する画像を構成する請求項1に記載の超音波診断装置。 - 造影剤が投与された被検者を撮像対象として、その造影対象に探触子により超音波を送受信する工程と、
前記探触子に受信された信号を元に画像データを構成する工程と、
前記画像データの輝度値から時間輝度変化曲線を生成する工程と、
前記時間輝度変化曲線から、血流動態の分布像の構成のための所定のパラメータの値を算出する工程と、
前記パラメータの値から血流動態の分布像を構成する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする血流動態の分布像の構成方法。 - 空間における前記撮像対象の位置を補正するベクトルを演算する工程をさらに有し、
前記時間輝度変化曲線を演算する工程は、前記位置補正ベクトルにより前記撮像対象の位置を補正し、位置が補正された前記撮像対象の画像データから前記時間輝度変化曲線を生成する請求項8記載の血流動態の分布像の構成方法。 - 操作者による描画情報の入力を受け付ける工程をさらに有し、
前記パラメータの値を算出する工程は、受け付けた前記描画情報に対応する予め定めたパラメータの値を前記パラメータの値として前記時間輝度変化曲線から算出する請求項8に記載の血流動態の分布像の構成方法。 - 前記描画情報は、血流動態に関係する情報である、造影剤の流入開始時間、平衡輝度到達時間、造影剤の消失開始時間、造影剤の持続時間、予め設定する閾値に到達する時間、輝度上昇率、輝度下降率、平衡状態の輝度、および、総流量のうちの少なくとも一つである請求項10に記載の血流動態の分布像の構成方法。
- 前記パラメータを算出する工程で算出するパラメータの値は、前記撮像対象に投与された造影剤の還流に伴う輝度変化を示す時間輝度変化曲線から算出される請求項10に記載の血流動態の分布像の構成方法。
- 前記血流動態の分布像を構成する工程は、前記パラメータの値に応じて色分けされた二次元又は三次元のカラーマップ画像を構成する請求項8に記載の血流動態の分布像の構成方法。
- 前記カラーマップ画像には、色と前記パラメータの値との対応を示すカラーバーが付属し、
前記カラーマップ画像に表示するパラメータの値の範囲および色のレンジの少なくとも一方の設定の変更を、操作者による前記カラーバーに付属する矢印の位置変更操作により受け付ける請求項13に記載の血流動態の分布像の構成方法。 - 前記時間輝度変化曲線を演算する工程は、前記位置補正ベクトルにより位置補正された撮像対象の空間の画像データから、前記撮像対象の同一部位における前記時間輝度変化曲線を生成する請求項9に記載の血流動態の分布像の構成方法。
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CN2010800143768A CN102387747A (zh) | 2009-04-10 | 2010-04-07 | 超声波诊断装置以及血流动态的分布像的构成方法 |
JP2011508381A JP5753489B2 (ja) | 2009-04-10 | 2010-04-07 | 超音波診断装置、および、超音波診断装置の作動方法 |
EP10761724.3A EP2417912B1 (en) | 2009-04-10 | 2010-04-07 | Ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus and method for constructing distribution image of blood flow dynamic state |
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JP7160115B2 (ja) | 2018-12-13 | 2022-10-25 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 診断画像システムおよび診断画像管理方法 |
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CN102387747A (zh) | 2012-03-21 |
EP2417912A1 (en) | 2012-02-15 |
JP5753489B2 (ja) | 2015-07-22 |
US8971600B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
EP2417912B1 (en) | 2018-09-05 |
US20120027282A1 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
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JPWO2010117025A1 (ja) | 2012-10-18 |
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