WO2010116612A1 - 電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010116612A1 WO2010116612A1 PCT/JP2010/001727 JP2010001727W WO2010116612A1 WO 2010116612 A1 WO2010116612 A1 WO 2010116612A1 JP 2010001727 W JP2010001727 W JP 2010001727W WO 2010116612 A1 WO2010116612 A1 WO 2010116612A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- carbon material
- double layer
- electric double
- layer capacitor
- alkali metal
- Prior art date
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910021469 graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 48
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 18
- -1 polycyclic carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanol Chemical compound NCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1F MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Cs+] HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011335 coal coke Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGDZQCVHDSGLHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Rb+] FGDZQCVHDSGLHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CPRMKOQKXYSDML-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Rb+] CPRMKOQKXYSDML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCS(=O)(=O)C1 CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012093 Myrtus ugni Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000234179 Myrtus ugni Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCC#N RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWQSNJSRIUPVNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M [OH-].[Fr+] Chemical compound [OH-].[Fr+] CWQSNJSRIUPVNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cs+] AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaronitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCC#N ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPFGFHJALYCVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-L rubidium carbonate Chemical compound [Rb+].[Rb+].[O-]C([O-])=O WPFGFHJALYCVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000026 rubidium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940102127 rubidium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003115 supporting electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/34—Carbon-based characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/24—Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to activated carbon, which is a carbon material for electric double layer capacitor electrodes, and a method for producing the same.
- Activated carbon is activated by carbon materials such as carbonized coconut shells, petroleum coke, and coal coke, and has a porous structure.
- Porous activated carbon having a large surface area is widely used for electrode materials such as adsorbents, catalyst carriers, electric double layer capacitors, and lithium secondary batteries.
- electrode materials such as adsorbents, catalyst carriers, electric double layer capacitors, and lithium secondary batteries.
- an electric double layer capacitor used in a hybrid car or the like in order to increase the energy density, that is, the capacitance, the degree of crystallinity in which micropores are effectively formed as the electrode material is high, and the surface area is high. There is a need for large activated carbon.
- a carbon material such as petroleum coke and an alkali metal compound such as potassium hydroxide are contained in an inert gas atmosphere.
- an activation method in which, for example, heating is performed in the range of 600 to 1200 ° C. and an alkali metal is allowed to enter between the graphite crystal layers to react is generally used.
- an alkali metal penetrates into a layered structure in which layered condensed polycyclic carbon compounds are laminated, and micropores are formed.
- most of the pores of the activated carbon are micropores of 1 nm or less, and since the pore diameter is not large enough for the movement of electrolyte ions, the specific surface area is not utilized at present.
- the optimum pore size for ion adsorption / desorption of activated carbon is about 1 nm, which is the size of the micropore region, depending on the type of electrolyte ions in the organic electrolyte for electric double layer capacitors. Since electrolyte ions cannot move smoothly, the region including mesopores was considered important (Non-Patent Document 1).
- a method for increasing the pore diameter of activated carbon a method using sodium hydroxide as an activator is known, but there is a problem that activated carbon having a high specific surface area cannot be obtained because the activation power is inferior to potassium hydroxide.
- the void portion also increases, resulting in a problem that the electrode bulk density is lowered and the capacity per volume is lowered.
- Patent Document 1 a mixture of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide is used as an activator, and a carbon material for an electric double layer capacitor electrode having a pore diameter of 2 nm or more is obtained compared to the case where each is used alone, It is described that the electric double layer capacitor using the same has a high capacitance per unit volume. However, the internal resistance of the electrode is relatively large, and further improvements have been desired.
- Patent Document 2 when a mixture of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide is used as an activator, the amount of expansion during charging of the polarizable electrode can be reduced as compared with the case where only KOH is used. It is described. However, the electrical resistance value of the electrode tends to increase by using the mixture.
- the present inventors use an easily graphitizable carbon material as a raw material and perform activation treatment using three or more kinds of alkali metal compounds, thereby providing a maximum diameter in a BET specific surface area and a pore diameter distribution by the MP method. It is found that an activated carbon having a controlled range can be controlled within a predetermined range, and by using such activated carbon as an electrode material, an electric double layer capacitor with reduced internal resistance and excellent output characteristics can be provided. The present invention has been completed.
- the present invention uses an easily graphitizable carbon material as a raw material and performs an activation treatment using three or more alkali metal compounds, so that the BET specific surface area is 1500 to 3000 m 2 / g and the pore size distribution by the MP method is used.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a carbon material for an electric double layer capacitor electrode, characterized by producing activated carbon having a pore diameter range of 1 to 2 nm giving a maximum value.
- the present invention provides the carbon material for an electric double layer capacitor electrode as described above, wherein the alkali metal compound comprises at least 50 to 90% by mass of potassium hydroxide and 5 to 45% by mass of sodium hydroxide. Regarding the method. Further, the present invention provides the electric double layer capacitor electrode as described above, wherein the alkali metal compound other than potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide is selected from alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal carbonate and alkali metal chloride. The present invention relates to a carbon material manufacturing method.
- this invention relates to the carbon material for electric double layer capacitor electrodes obtained by the manufacturing method of the said description. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor using the carbon material for an electric double layer capacitor electrode described above.
- the carbon material for an electric double layer capacitor electrode having a small internal resistance value and a large capacitance per unit volume can be produced by the method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a laminate cell manufactured in Example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the measuring method of the initial characteristic (electrostatic capacity, internal resistance) of a capacitor.
- Examples of the graphitizable carbon material used as a starting material in the present invention include petroleum coke and coal coke.
- examples include mesophase pitch and infusible / carbonized mesophase pitch fibers spun from the mesophase pitch.
- petroleum coke is preferable, and petroleum raw coke is particularly preferable.
- Petroleum raw coke preferably used as a starting material in the present invention is an aggregate in which polycyclic aromatic compounds having alkyl side chains are laminated, and is a thermally infusible solid.
- the graphitizable carbon material may be subjected to activation treatment with an alkali metal compound as it is, but preferably after carbonization treatment (heat treatment), activation treatment is performed with an alkali metal compound.
- the carbonization treatment is usually carried out in an inert gas at a temperature range of 500 to 900 ° C., preferably 500 to 800 ° C.
- the rate of temperature rise is not particularly limited, but if it is too slow, it takes time for the treatment process, and conversely, too rapid temperature rise will cause explosive volatilization of volatile components and destroy the crystal structure.
- the temperature rising rate is preferably about 30 to 600 ° C./hour, more preferably about 60 to 300 ° C./hour.
- the temperature is preferably maintained for a certain period of time. This holding time is usually about 10 minutes to 2 hours.
- activation treatment is performed with an alkali metal compound.
- 3 or more types of alkali metal compounds are used as an activator, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
- the alkali metal compound potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide are used as essential, and as the other alkali metal compound, one or more selected from alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal carbonate and alkali metal chloride are used. These alkali metal compounds are used.
- Examples of the alkali metal hydroxide include lithium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, francium hydroxide and the like. Among these, cesium hydroxide is a preferred example.
- Examples of the alkali metal carbonate include lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, rubidium carbonate, cesium carbonate and the like, among which potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate are preferable examples.
- Examples of the alkali metal chloride include lithium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, rubidium chloride, cesium chloride and the like, among which sodium chloride and potassium chloride are preferable examples.
- the content ratio of potassium hydroxide in the alkali metal compound to be used is 50 to 90% by mass, preferably 60 to 85% by mass. If the content of potassium hydroxide is less than 50% by mass, a high specific surface area cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 90% by mass, the effect of enlarging the pores by mixing with other components is small. Therefore, it is not preferable.
- the content ratio of sodium hydroxide in the alkali metal compound used is 5 to 45% by mass, preferably 10 to 40% by mass. If the content of sodium hydroxide is less than 5% by mass, the effect of enlarging the pores is reduced, which is not preferable. If the content exceeds 45% by mass, a high specific surface area cannot be obtained, which is not preferable.
- the content of the alkali metal compound other than potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide in the alkali metal compound used is 5 to 45% by mass, preferably 10 to 40% by mass.
- the maximum pore size is less than the optimum range of 1-2 nm, which is not preferable.
- the maximum pore size is greater than 2 nm. Therefore, it is not preferable.
- the activation process is performed by a known method. That is, the reaction conditions of the activation reaction in the activation step are not particularly limited as long as this reaction can be sufficiently advanced, and the activation reaction is performed under the same reaction conditions as those of known activation reactions performed in the production of ordinary activated carbon. It can be carried out. Specifically, an activator composed of three or more alkali metal hydroxides and an activated carbon material composed of an easily graphitizable carbon material are mixed, preferably 400 ° C. or higher, more preferably 600 ° C. or higher, still more preferably. Can be performed by heating under a high temperature condition of 700 ° C. or higher. The upper limit of the heating temperature is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature at which the activation reaction proceeds without hindrance.
- the mixing ratio of the activated carbon material and the activator is not particularly limited, but usually, the mass ratio (utilized carbon material: activator) of both is preferably in the range of 1: 0.5 to 1: 5. A range of 1: 1 to 1: 3 is more preferable.
- the carbide (activated carbon) obtained by the activation treatment usually becomes a carbon material for an electric double layer capacitor electrode through alkali washing, acid washing, water washing, drying and pulverization processes. If the amount of alkali metal remaining in the carbon material is lower (preferably 1000 mass ppm or less) than the level that may adversely affect the electric double layer capacitor, it should be washed. However, it is preferable that the washing waste water is washed so that the pH of the washing wastewater is about 7 to 8, and the alkali metal content is removed as much as possible. Further, the pulverization step can be performed by a known method, and it is usually desirable to obtain a fine powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably about 1 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the carbon material obtained by such activation treatment has a specific surface area of 1500 to 3000 m 2 / g, and a pore diameter range that gives the maximum value in the pore size distribution by the MP method is 1 to 2 nm.
- the amount of alkali metal is 200 mass ppm or less.
- the MP method is a method for determining the nitrogen adsorption isotherm from the amount of adsorption at liquid nitrogen temperature, and using the “t-plot method” (BC Lippens, JH de Boer, J. Catalysis, 4,319 (1965)) This is a method for obtaining volume, micropore area, and micropore distribution, and was devised by Mikhail, Brunauer, Bodor (RSMikhail, S. Brunauer, EEBodor, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 26, 45 (1968 )).
- the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention comprises an electrode containing activated carbon (carbon material for electric double layer capacitor electrode) prepared as described above.
- the electrode may be configured by adding activated carbon and a binder, more preferably a conductive agent, and may be an electrode integrated with a current collector.
- a binder known materials can be used, for example, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, fluorine such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and fluoroolefin / vinyl ether copolymer crosslinked polymer.
- polymerized cellulose celluloses such as carboxymethylcellulose, vinyl polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol, and polyacrylic acid.
- the content of the binder in the electrode is not particularly limited, but is appropriately selected within a range of usually about 0.1 to 30% by mass with respect to the total amount of the activated carbon and the binder.
- the conductive agent powders of carbon black, powdered graphite, titanium oxide, ruthenium oxide and the like are used.
- the blending amount of the conductive agent in the electrode is appropriately selected according to the blending purpose, but is usually 1 to 50% by mass, preferably 2 to 30% by mass with respect to the total amount of the activated carbon, the binder and the conductive agent. It is appropriately selected within a range of degree.
- a method of mixing the activated carbon, the binder, and the conductive agent a known method is appropriately applied. For example, a slurry obtained by adding a solvent having a property of dissolving the binder to the above components is collected.
- a method of uniformly coating on an electric body, or a method of pressure molding at normal temperature or under heating after kneading the above components without adding a solvent is employed.
- the current collector a known material and shape can be used.
- a metal such as aluminum, titanium, tantalum, or nickel, or an alloy such as stainless steel can be used.
- the unit cell of the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention generally uses a pair of the above-mentioned electrodes as a positive electrode and a negative electrode, faces each other through a separator (polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric, glass fiber nonwoven fabric, synthetic cellulose paper, etc.), and is immersed in an electrolytic solution. Formed by.
- a known aqueous electrolytic solution or organic electrolytic solution can be used, but it is more preferable to use an organic electrolytic solution.
- an organic electrolyte those used as a solvent for an electrochemical electrolyte can be used.
- the supporting electrolyte in the organic electrolyte is not particularly limited, but various salts such as salts, acids, alkalis and the like that are usually used in the field of electrochemistry or the field of batteries can be used, for example, alkali metal salts, Inorganic ion salts such as alkaline earth metal salts, quaternary ammonium salts, cyclic quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts and the like can be mentioned, and (C 2 H 5 ) 4 NBF 4 , (C 2 H 5 ) 3 (CH 3 ) NBF 4 , (C 2 H 5 ) 4 PBF 4 , (C 2 H 5 ) 3 (CH 3 ) PBF 4 and the like are preferable.
- alkali metal salts such as alkaline earth metal salts, quaternary ammonium salts, cyclic quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts and the like
- the concentration of these salts in the electrolytic solution is appropriately selected within the range of usually about 0.1 to 5 mol / l, preferably about 0.5 to 3 mol / l.
- the specific configuration of the electric double layer capacitor is not particularly limited.
- the electric double layer capacitor is accommodated in a metal case through a separator between a pair of thin sheet or disk electrodes (positive electrode and negative electrode) having a thickness of 10 to 500 ⁇ m.
- Example 1 Petroleum coke whose particle size was adjusted to 2 mm or less was heat-treated in a nitrogen gas atmosphere at 550 ° C. for 1 hour. The heating rate at that time was 200 ° C./hour.
- This heat-treated product (utilized carbon material) was pulverized by a jet mill so that the average particle size became 7 ⁇ m.
- the total amount of alkali metal compounds is mixed with 100 parts by mass of this pulverized product so that the total amount is 220 parts by mass (the breakdown is 80% by mass potassium hydroxide, 10% by mass sodium hydroxide, 10% by mass cesium hydroxide), and nitrogen gas In the atmosphere, the activation reaction is allowed to proceed at 750 ° C.
- a carbon material for an electrode was obtained.
- the specific surface area of the obtained activated material by the nitrogen gas adsorption method (BET method) was 2230 m 2 / g, and the pore volume was 1.077 cm 3 / g.
- the maximum pore diameter in the pore distribution by the MP method was 1.6 nm.
- carbon black and granular polytetrafluoroethylene were mixed and pressed to prepare a carbon electrode sheet having a thickness of about 150 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
- the carbon electrode material as a capacitor was evaluated by cutting out an electrode to a predetermined size from this sheet and producing a laminate cell shown in FIG.
- the electrolyte used was a propylene carbonate (PC) solution of 1.5M triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEMA ⁇ BF 4 ).
- an electric double layer capacitor having a small internal resistance value and a relatively large capacitance per unit volume can be obtained. Industrial value is extremely high.
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Abstract
Description
活性炭の細孔径を大きくする方法としては、賦活剤に水酸化ナトリウムを使用する方法が知られているが、賦活力が水酸化カリウムより劣るため高比表面積の活性炭が得られない問題がある。また、賦活でメソ孔を多く形成させると空隙部分も増加し、電極かさ密度が低下し体積当りの容量が低下する問題も生じる。
また本発明は、水酸化カリウムおよび水酸化ナトリウム以外のアルカリ金属化合物が、アルカリ金属水酸化物、アルカリ金属炭酸塩およびアルカリ金属塩化物から選ばれることを特徴とする前記記載の電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材の製造方法に関する。
さらに本発明は、前記記載の電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材を用いた電気二重層キャパシタに関する。
本発明において出発原料として用いる易黒鉛化性炭素材料としては、石油コークスや石炭コークス等が挙げられる。また、メソフェーズピッチやそれを紡糸したメソフェーズピッチ繊維を不融化・炭素化したもの等を挙げることができる。これらの中でも石油コークスが好ましく、石油生コークスが特に好ましい。
本発明で出発原料として好ましく使用される石油生コークスは、アルキル側鎖を持つ多環芳香族化合物が積層した集合体で、熱不融の固体である。
本発明においては、賦活剤としてアルカリ金属化合物を3種類以上用いることを特徴とする。アルカリ金属化合物としては、水酸化カリウムおよび水酸化ナトリウムは必須として用い、その他のアルカリ金属化合物としては、アルカリ金属水酸化物、アルカリ金属炭酸塩およびアルカリ金属塩化物から選ばれる1種または2種以上のアルカリ金属化合物が用いられる。
アルカリ金属炭酸塩としては、炭酸リチウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ルビジウム、炭酸セシウム等が挙げられ、このうち炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウムが好ましい例として挙げられる。
アルカリ金属塩化物としては、塩化リチウム、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化ルビジウム、塩化セシウム等が挙げられ、このうち塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウムが好ましい例として挙げられる。
また、用いられるアルカリ金属化合物中の水酸化ナトリウムの含有割合は、5~45質量%、好ましくは10~40質量%である。水酸化ナトリウムの含有割合が5質量%未満だと、細孔を大きくする効果が小さくなるため好ましくなく、また、45質量%を超えると、高比表面積のものが得られないため好ましくない。
具体的には、3種以上のアルカリ金属水酸化物からなる賦活剤と易黒鉛化性炭素材料からなる賦活用炭素材を混合し、好ましくは400℃以上、より好ましくは600℃以上、更に好ましくは700℃以上の高温の温度条件のもと加熱することにより行うことができる。なお、この加熱温度の上限は賦活反応が支障なく進行する温度であれば特に限定されないが、通常900℃以下が好ましい。賦活用炭素材と賦活剤との混合割合は特に限定されるものではないが、通常、両者の質量比(賦活用炭素材:賦活剤)が1:0.5~1:5の範囲が好ましく、1:1~1:3の範囲がより好ましい。
なお、MP法とは、液体窒素温度における吸着量より窒素吸着等温線を求め、「t-プロット法」(B. C. Lippens, J. H. de Boer, J. Catalysis, 4,319(1965))を用いて、マイクロ孔容積、マイクロ孔面積、およびマイクロ孔の分布を求める方法であり、Mikhail, Brunauer, Bodorにより考案された方法である(R.S.Mikhail,S.Brunauer, E.E.Bodor, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 26, 45(1968))。
本発明の電気二重層キャパシタは、前記のように調製された活性炭(電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材)を含む電極を備えることを特徴とするものである。
該電極は、例えば、活性炭と結着剤、さらに好ましくは導電剤を加えて構成され、またさらに集電体と一体化した電極であっても良い。
ここで使用する結着剤としては、公知のものを使用することができ、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、フルオロオレフィン/ビニルエーテル共重合体架橋ポリマー等のフッ素化ポリマー、カルボキシメチルセルロース等のセルロース類、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアルコール等のビニル系ポリマー、ポリアクリル酸等が挙げられる。電極中における結着剤の含有量は特に限定されないが、活性炭と結着剤の合計量に対して、通常0.1~30質量%程度の範囲内で適宜選択される。
なお、活性炭、結着剤、導電剤を混合する方法としては、公知の方法が適宜適用され、例えば、結着剤を溶解する性質を有する溶媒を上記成分に加えてスラリー状としたものを集電体上に均一に塗布する方法や、あるいは溶媒を加えないで上記成分を混練した後に常温または加熱下で加圧成形する方法が採用される。
また、集電体としては、公知の材質および形状のものを使用することができ、例えば、アルミニウム、チタン、タンタル、ニッケル等の金属、あるいはステンレス等の合金を用いることができる。
電解液としては、公知の水系電解液、有機系電解液を使用することができるが、有機系電解液を用いることがより好ましい。このような有機系電解液としては、電気化学の電解液の溶媒として使用されているものを用いることができ、例えば、プロピレンカーボネート、エチレンカーボネート、ブチレンカーボネート、γ-ブチロラクトン、スルホラン、スルホラン誘導体、3-メチルスルホラン、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、アセトニトリル、グルタロニトリル、バレロニトリル、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、テトラヒドロフラン、ジメトキシエタン、メチルフォルメート、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、エチルメチルカーボネート等を挙げることができる。なお、これらの電解液を混合して使用してもよい。
電気二重層キャパシタのより具体的な構成は特に限定されないが、例えば、厚さ10~500μmの薄いシート状またはディスク状の一対の電極(正極と負極)の間にセパレータを介して金属ケースに収容したコイン型、一対の電極をセパレータを介して捲回してなる捲回型、セパレータを介して多数の電極群を積み重ねた積層型等が挙げられる。
石油生コークスの2mm以下に粒度調整したものを、窒素ガス雰囲気中で550℃1時間熱処理した。そのときの昇温速度は200℃/時間とした。この熱処理物(賦活用炭素材)を平均粒径が7μmとなるようにジェットミルで粉砕した。この粉砕物100質量部に対してアルカリ金属化合物総計が220質量部(内訳は水酸化カリウム80質量%、水酸化ナトリウム10質量%、水酸化セシウム10質量%)となるように混合し、窒素ガス雰囲気中、750℃で1時間賦活反応を進行せしめ、反応後に水洗及び酸洗浄(塩酸を使用)を繰り返し、炭素材中に残存する金属カリウムを除去し、乾燥して賦活物(電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材)を得た。得られた賦活物の窒素ガス吸着法(BET法)による比表面積は2230m2/gであり、細孔容積は1.077cm3/gであった。MP法による細孔分布における最大を示す細孔径は1.6nmであった。
静電容量については、キャパシタに蓄えられる全エネルギー量を測定し、その値から静電容量を算出した(エネルギー換算法)。
静電容量:C=2U/Vc2 Vc=Vm-ΔV
U:全放電エネルギー(満充電Vmから0Vまでの放電カーブの積分値)
Vc:満充電圧から内部抵抗による電圧降下分を引いた実電圧
内部抵抗については、放電開始直後のIRドロップより算出した。
内部抵抗:R(Ω)=ΔV/I
ここで、Iは放電電流(A)
さらに、キャパシタのレート特性として、定電流放電値を0.36mA/cm2~72mA/cm2まで変化させたときの静電容量を測定した。レート特性の結果は0.36mA/cm2放電時の静電容量を基準として、各定電流放電時の静電容量の維持率としてまとめた。その結果を表1に示す。
各種条件を変えて実験を行った。その結果をまとめて表1、表2に示す。
Claims (5)
- 易黒鉛化性炭素材料を原料とし、3種以上のアルカリ金属化合物を用いて賦活処理することにより、BET比表面積が1500~3000m2/g、かつMP法による細孔径分布における最大値を与える細孔直径の範囲が1~2nmの活性炭を製造することを特徴とする電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材の製造方法。
- アルカリ金属化合物が、少なくとも50~90質量%の水酸化カリウムおよび5~45質量%の水酸化ナトリウムからなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材の製造方法。
- 水酸化カリウムおよび水酸化ナトリウム以外のアルカリ金属化合物が、アルカリ金属水酸化物、アルカリ金属炭酸塩およびアルカリ金属塩化物から選ばれることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材の製造方法。
- 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の製造方法により得られる電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材。
- 請求項4に記載の電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材を用いた電気二重層キャパシタ。
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JP6509643B2 (ja) * | 2014-06-23 | 2019-05-08 | 大阪ガスケミカル株式会社 | 活性炭の製造方法 |
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FI128625B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-09-15 | Lappeenrannan Teknillinen Yliopisto | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON |
KR20210066054A (ko) | 2019-11-27 | 2021-06-07 | 파워카본테크놀로지 (주) | Co2-알칼리 복합 활성화를 통한 전기이중층 커패시터용 활성탄 및 그 제조방법 |
KR20220063537A (ko) | 2020-11-10 | 2022-05-17 | 파워카본테크놀로지 (주) | NaOH-CO2 복합 활성화를 통한 EDLC용 활성탄 및 그 제조방법 |
KR20240067150A (ko) | 2022-11-04 | 2024-05-16 | 파워카본테크놀로지 (주) | Co2-알칼리 복합 활성화를 통한 고신뢰성 전기이중층 커패시터용 활성탄 및 그 제조방법 |
WO2024135516A1 (ja) * | 2022-12-22 | 2024-06-27 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 活性炭及びその製造方法、並びにそれらの応用 |
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US20120050948A1 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
EP2418664A1 (en) | 2012-02-15 |
JP5344972B2 (ja) | 2013-11-20 |
JP2010245482A (ja) | 2010-10-28 |
KR20110137388A (ko) | 2011-12-22 |
CN102460620B (zh) | 2014-03-12 |
CN102460620A (zh) | 2012-05-16 |
EP2418664A4 (en) | 2014-02-05 |
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