WO2010103772A1 - コモンレールの製造方法およびコモンレール - Google Patents
コモンレールの製造方法およびコモンレール Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010103772A1 WO2010103772A1 PCT/JP2010/001572 JP2010001572W WO2010103772A1 WO 2010103772 A1 WO2010103772 A1 WO 2010103772A1 JP 2010001572 W JP2010001572 W JP 2010001572W WO 2010103772 A1 WO2010103772 A1 WO 2010103772A1
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- Prior art keywords
- mass
- common rail
- hole
- branch hole
- rail
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
- F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
- F02M55/025—Common rails
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
- B23P19/042—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts specially adapted for combustion engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
- C21D9/14—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes wear-resistant or pressure-resistant pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
- F02M2200/8084—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving welding or soldering
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
- F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
- Y10T29/49231—I.C. [internal combustion] engine making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49718—Repairing
- Y10T29/49721—Repairing with disassembling
- Y10T29/49723—Repairing with disassembling including reconditioning of part
- Y10T29/49725—Repairing with disassembling including reconditioning of part by shaping
- Y10T29/49726—Removing material
- Y10T29/49728—Removing material and by a metallurgical operation, e.g., welding, diffusion bonding, casting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a common rail in an accumulator fuel injection system for a diesel engine, and a common rail partially reinforced by the method.
- the common rail is a pipe-like component that is positioned between a pump that pumps light oil of fuel and an injector in a pressure accumulation fuel injection system of a diesel engine, and that accumulates light oil.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a cross section of the common rail 1.
- the rail hole 5 is a main pipe of the common rail 1 and has a role of accumulating light oil.
- the rail hole 5 is provided with a plurality of branch holes 6 that open vertically, and light oil is pumped through the branch holes 6 to each injector. Inside diameter d 1 of the rail hole 5 about 10mm, the inner diameter d 2 of the branch hole 6 is about 1 mm. With the operation of the engine, the light oil is periodically pumped, and the pressure of the light oil in the common rail 1 fluctuates periodically.
- the rail hole 5 and the branch hole 6 in FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the boundary peripheral portion between the inner surface of the branch hole 6 and the inner surface of the rail hole 5, which is the peripheral portion of the opening of the branch hole 6.
- the tensile stress of both holes 5 and 6 is synthesized in the vicinity of both ends 7 of the diameter parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail hole 5 in the branch hole 6 particularly in the periphery of the opening of the branch hole 6. For this reason, there is a problem that a tensile stress larger than that of other portions is generated, and fatigue fracture is easily caused by fluctuations in internal pressure. If the fatigue strength against internal pressure fluctuations (internal pressure fatigue strength) is improved, high-pressure fuel injection becomes possible, leading to cleaner exhaust gas and improved fuel consumption. Therefore, an improvement in fatigue strength is desired.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an invention related to a welding common rail by liquid phase diffusion bonding as a manufacturing method that replaces a conventional method for manufacturing a common rail by forging integral molding and machining.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an invention relating to a steel material suitable for liquid phase diffusion bonding that does not require controlled cooling during bonding.
- the steel materials disclosed in these patent documents are steel materials having a tensile strength of about 600 MPa, and are used for a common rail exceeding 1500 atm or more than 2000 atm to achieve high fuel efficiency performance which has been recently directed. Is not strong enough. Further, although it is possible to remarkably improve the strength of the steel material by heat treatment or the like, in that case, the processing is difficult and the production cost is significantly increased. In addition, when inclusions and oxides such as MnS, Al 2 O 3 , and CaO are exposed to the surface as a result of processing at the maximum principal stress portion, it becomes the starting point of fatigue failure when internal pressure is applied, and stable production of high-strength common rails is achieved. The problem of significant inhibition cannot be solved.
- Patent Document 5 discloses the method.
- the laser beam can be transmitted to a narrow part such as the inner surface of the rail hole or the inner surface of the branch hole of the common rail, and laser peening is the only method for applying a high compressive stress to the vicinity of the opening of the branch hole of the common rail. Therefore, as disclosed in Patent Document 6, an effective method for applying laser peening to a common rail has been studied.
- Patent Document 6 greatly improves the fatigue strength of the common rail, but has the following problems from the viewpoint of the device and the effect.
- a laser beam is irradiated on the surface of a sample in the laser peening process
- the vicinity of the surface area of the irradiated spot portion melts and re-solidifies, and the compressive stress in the vicinity of the surface area of the spot portion often decreases.
- a method of installing an absorbing material layer that absorbs a laser beam is known, but a complicated device is required to install this absorbing material layer in the branch hole opening of the common rail. Therefore, omission of the same process is desired from the viewpoint of cost and productivity.
- Patent Document 5 as a method for removing the heat-affected zone, a laser-controlled discharge is generated between the laser beam irradiation surface and an electrode disposed in the vicinity thereof, or a transparent surface in contact with the laser irradiation surface.
- an electrolytic solution is used as a liquid and electrolytic polishing is performed between electrodes disposed opposite to an irradiation surface and its vicinity during laser irradiation.
- these methods are greatly affected by laser irradiation, it is difficult to obtain a desired processed shape accurately and stably, and are not suitable for industrial production of common rails.
- Patent Document 6 by increasing the overlapping area ratio of the beam spot of the pulse laser, the above-described problem of reduction in compressive stress is alleviated.
- it is necessary to maximize the compressive stress in the vicinity of the surface layer, and another approach is desired.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and by using a laser peening process to partially reinforce the vicinity of the opening of the branch hole of the common rail, which is likely to become a starting point of fatigue failure due to stress concentration, it is excellent using an inexpensive steel material. It is an object to provide a method of manufacturing a common rail having high fatigue strength and a common rail.
- a common rail body provided with a rail hole and a branch hole formed in a cylindrical wall portion surrounding the rail hole, and a communication hole communicating with the branch hole are formed. It is a manufacturing method of a common rail provided with a holder.
- the common rail body and the holder are: C: 0.01 to 0.3% by mass, Si: 0.01 to 0.5% by mass, Mn: 0.01 to 3.0% by mass, B: 0.0003 to 0.01 mass%, N: 0.001 to 0.01 mass%, Al: more than 0.01 to 0.5 mass%, Ti: 0.01 to 0.05 mass%, and P is 0.00.
- TLB (B%)-[(N%) / 1.3- ⁇ (Ti%) / 3.4+ (Al%) / 4.1 ⁇ ⁇ (Al%) ⁇ 52] ...
- the TLB value indicated by is 0.001% or more.
- the common rail manufacturing method includes an insertion step of inserting an Ni-based or Fe-based insert metal containing at least 1% by mass of B between the common rail body and the holder; the common rail body and the insert metal; A liquid phase diffusion bonding step in which the holder is bonded by holding a stress of 1 MPa or more for 30 seconds or more at a bonding temperature of 1000 to 1300 ° C .; and the branch hole located in the periphery of the opening of the branch hole A laser peening process for irradiating a pulsed laser beam in the region around the boundary between the inner surface of the rail and the inner surface of the rail hole; and removing the surface layer around the opening; And a surface layer removing step for increasing fatigue strength.
- At least one of the common rail main body and the holder further includes Ni: 0.01 to 2.0 mass%, Co: 0.01 to 1.
- One or more of 0% by mass, Cu: 0.01 to 1.0% by mass, and W: 0.01 to 2.0% by mass may be contained.
- At least one of the common rail body and the holder is further provided with Zr: 0.001 to 0.05 mass%, Nb: 0.001 to 0.00.
- Zr 0.001 to 0.05 mass%
- Nb 0.001 to 0.00.
- One or more of 05 mass% and V 0.001 to 0.5 mass% may be contained.
- At least one of the common rail main body and the holder further includes Ca: 0.0005 to 0.005 mass%, Mg: 0.0005 to 0.00. 005% by mass, Ba: 0.0005 to 0.005% by mass of any sulfide form control element, and Y: 0.001 to 0.05% by mass, Ce: 0.001 to 0.05% by mass, La: One or more of 0.001 to 0.05% by mass of any rare earth element may be contained.
- the surface layer of the material around the opening may be removed by electrolytic polishing or fluid polishing.
- the pulse energy of the pulse laser beam may be 1 mJ to 10J.
- the region where the laser peening process is performed and the region where the surface layer is removed are respectively provided on the inner surface of the rail hole.
- Distance from the center of the branch hole ⁇ Diameter of the branch hole ⁇ 0.6
- the thickness of the surface layer to be removed may be 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm in the region satisfying the expressions (2) and (2 ′).
- the length of the rail hole including the central axis of the branch hole is removed by removing the surface layer of the material around the opening.
- the radius of curvature of the shape line in the periphery of the opening of the branch hole in the cross section along the direction is Diameter of branch hole ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ Distance from center of branch hole ⁇ Diameter of branch hole ⁇ 0.6 (3) It may be 15 ⁇ m or more at each point in the region that satisfies the above.
- the peripheral portion of the opening may be chamfered before the laser peening treatment.
- the area to be chamfered may include an area that satisfies the expressions (2) and (2 ′).
- the transparent liquid used for the laser peening treatment may be water containing alcohol or a rust inhibitor.
- a common rail body provided with a rail hole and a branch hole formed in a cylindrical wall portion surrounding the rail hole, and a communication hole communicating with the branch hole are formed.
- a common rail having a holder.
- the common rail body and the holder are: C: 0.01 to 0.3% by mass, Si: 0.01 to 0.5% by mass, Mn: 0.01 to 3.0% by mass, B: 0.0003 to 0.01% by mass, N: 0.001 to 0.01% by mass, Al: more than 0.01 to 0.5% by mass, Ti: 0.01 to 0.05% by mass, It is limited to 0.03% by mass or less, S is limited to 0.01% by mass or less, O is limited to 0.01% by mass or less, and the total content of As, Sn, Sb, Pb, and Zn is 0.00.
- TLB (B%)-[(N%) / 1.3- ⁇ (Ti%) / 3.4+ (Al%) / 4.1 ⁇ ⁇ (Al%) ⁇ 52] ...
- the TLB value shown by the above is 0.001% or more, and the shape in the periphery of the opening includes the central axis of the branch hole, and the periphery of the opening of the branch hole in a cross section along the longitudinal direction of the rail hole
- the compressive stress value at each point in the region that satisfies the above condition is 15 ⁇ m or more and is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail hole in the cross section is ⁇ 200 MPa or more.
- the common rail can be manufactured by dividing the base material into blocks that can be easily processed by diffusion bonding, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced. it can.
- high compressive stress can be introduced from the surface in the vicinity of the rail hole side opening of the branch hole where fatigue strength is a problem with the common rail, and stress concentration is mitigated by improving the shape of the branch hole opening.
- the fatigue strength can be greatly improved.
- the common rail described in the above (12) it is possible to perform high-pressure injection of fuel using an inexpensive steel material, and it is possible to obtain a cleaner exhaust gas and an improvement in fuel consumption. Play.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the cross-sectional shape of a branch hole opening periphery part. It is a perspective view which shows the laser processing area
- the present inventors have studied to solve the above problems.
- high-strength steel materials having specific components suitable for liquid phase diffusion bonding are divided into block units with easy-to-process shapes, and then liquid phase diffusion bonding is performed. If the material in the region including the laser peened part by electropolishing etc. is removed after the introduction of compressive stress by laser peening process around the rail hole side opening, the fatigue strength of the common rail is greatly improved by using inexpensive steel I found out that
- joining the holder that fixes the pipe to the tip of the branch hole using liquid phase diffusion joining facilitates processing of the high-strength steel material and reduces the process cost.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section of the common rail 1.
- a rail hole 5 formed in the cylindrical wall portion 2 is a main pipe of the common rail 1 and has a role of accumulating light oil.
- the rail hole 5 is provided with a plurality of branch holes 6 that open vertically.
- liquid phase diffusion bonding is performed between ring-shaped bonding surfaces formed by a common rail body 11 having a pipe line 13 penetrating in the longitudinal direction and a cylindrical holder 12.
- a cylindrical holder 12 is communicated with the branch pipe 14 with an amorphous alloy foil (insert metal) 15 interposed therebetween.
- the alloy foil 15, the common rail body 11, and the holder 12 are melt-welded by resistance welding or the like, and liquid phase diffusion bonding is performed to form a joint portion. Note that FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows only one branch pipe 14 for convenience, but normally, a plurality of branch pipes 14 corresponding to the plurality of injection nozzles of the engine combustion chamber are provided.
- a plurality of holders 12 are provided corresponding to the branch pipes 14 of the common rail body 11 in order to connect these branch pipes 14 and a pipe for pumping fuel to the injection nozzle of the engine combustion chamber.
- the pipe line 13 in FIG. 3 corresponds to the rail hole 5 in FIG. 1
- the inside of the branch pipe 14 in FIG. 3 corresponds to the branch hole 6 in FIG.
- the alloy foil 15 for liquid phase diffusion bonding an Ni-based or Fe-based insert metal containing at least 1% of B is used. Further, the liquid phase diffusion bonding between the common rail body 11 and the holder 12 is performed by applying and holding a stress of 1 MPa or more for 30 seconds or more at a bonding temperature of 1000 to 1300 ° C.
- a sufficiently low-temperature transformation structure without requiring controlled cooling after liquid phase diffusion bonding that is, a material with high hardenability capable of inducing bainite or martensite transformation over a necessary part or the whole of the material, Select from the joint design stage in advance. That is, a steel material having an alloy composition capable of obtaining a sufficiently homogeneous structure is used as a material for the common rail 1 even in an isothermal solidified joint portion formed by liquid phase diffusion bonding.
- the liquid phase diffusion bonding steel described below is used as the material for the common rail body 11 and the holder 12.
- the range of preferable content is demonstrated about the chemical component of steel for liquid phase diffusion bonding.
- all the content of the chemical component described below is shown by the mass%.
- the C is the most basic element that controls the hardenability and strength of steel.
- the content is less than 0.01%, the strength cannot be ensured, and when it exceeds 0.3%, the strength of the steel material is improved, but the toughness of the joint cannot be ensured. Therefore, the C content is specified in the range of 0.01 to 0.3%. If the content is within this range, the structure control of the steel material can be performed with the material being joined. However, in order to obtain the carbon effect industrially stably, the content is preferably 0.05 to 0.3%.
- Si is a deoxidizing element for steel and is usually added together with Mn for the purpose of reducing the oxygen concentration of the steel.
- Si is an element necessary for intragranular strengthening, the shortage reduces the strength of the steel material. Therefore, also in the present invention, a predetermined amount of Si is contained mainly for deoxidation and intragranular strengthening. If the Si content is 0.01% or more, the above effect is exhibited, and if it exceeds 0.5%, the steel material itself may be embrittled. Therefore, the Si content is specified in the range of 0.01 to 0.5%.
- the composite oxide containing SiO 2 in the liquid phase diffusion bonded joint for example, SiO 2 -MnO, since there is a fear that SiO 2 -FeO like is produced, the content of Si is from 0.01 to 0.3% Preferably there is.
- Mn has an effect on deoxidation together with Si, but by adding it to steel, it enhances the hardenability of the steel material and contributes to the improvement of strength.
- the content of Mn is 0.01% or more, the above-mentioned effect is exhibited, but when it exceeds 3.0%, a coarse MnO-based oxide is crystallized, and on the contrary, the toughness of the liquid phase diffusion joint is lowered. There is. Therefore, the Mn content is specified in the range of 0.01 to 3.0%.
- the content of Mn is preferably 0.01 to 2.0% from the viewpoint of suppressing the formation of SiO 2 —MnO as in the case of Si.
- B is extremely effective in increasing the hardenability of steel in a small amount, but if its content is less than 0.0003%, the effect of improving hardenability is small.
- the content of B exceeds 0.01%, a boride is formed, and on the contrary, the hardenability of the liquid phase diffusion bonding joint is lowered and the joint strength is lowered. Therefore, the B content is specified in the range of 0.0003 to 0.01%.
- B has significant grain boundary segregation and may cause embrittlement only at the grain boundary depending on the cooling conditions after bonding. Therefore, the content is preferably 0.0003 to 0.005%.
- Ti has a stronger force to bond with N than B, and binds to N preferentially over B. Therefore, Ti is an important element for securing solid solution B effective for hardenability, but the effect is small when the content is less than 0.01%. On the other hand, when the Ti content exceeds 0.05%, the effect is not only saturated, but a large number of coarse Ti-based carbonitrides are precipitated to reduce toughness. Therefore, the Ti content is specified in the range of 0.01 to 0.05%. Since Ti is also an element forming a boride, the upper limit of the content should be suppressed as low as possible, preferably 0.01 to 0.03%.
- N is an element that is desirably suppressed to be low in order to enhance the above-described effect of B.
- Al or Ti when added, N is combined with these to nitride AlN, TiN, or the like. It is effective for precipitating materials, refining crystal grains and enhancing the toughness of steel.
- the content of N is less than 0.001%, the effect is small.
- the N content exceeds 0.01%, the tendency to combine with B to form BN becomes strong, and solid solution B cannot be obtained unless a large amount of Al or Ti is added. That is, since it becomes difficult to stabilize the TLB value described later to 0.001 or more, the N content is specified in the range of 0.001 to 0.01%.
- the content of N is 0.001 to 0.008% because it is necessary to stably contain 0.008% or more of N in a normal steelmaking process because the cost in the process increases.
- Al is an important element for bonding in N and precipitating fine AlN to refine crystal grains and securing B in the steel as a solid solution B effective for hardenability.
- the Al content is preferably more than 0.01%.
- the Al content exceeds 0.5%, AlN becomes coarse and lowers the toughness of the steel. Therefore, the Al content is specified to be in the range of more than 0.01 to 0.5%.
- Al has a high affinity with O, and when added in a large amount, a coarse oxide cluster may be generated depending on the steel making process, and the toughness of the joint may be lowered. Therefore, the Al content is preferably more than 0.01% to 0.3%.
- P and S are 0.03% or less and 0%, respectively.
- the content is limited to 0.01% or less.
- the O content is limited to 0.01% or less.
- the P, S, and O contents are preferably as small as possible, the lower limit may be set to 0.0001% in consideration of cost.
- the total content of As, Sn, Sb, Pb, and Zn as grain boundary segregation elements is limited to 0.015% or less.
- the steel for liquid phase diffusion bonding containing the above chemical components may contain impurities that are inevitably mixed in the manufacturing process or the like as long as the balance containing Fe as a main component does not impair the characteristics of the present invention.
- the liquid phase diffusion bonding steel according to the present embodiment contains at least 0.01 to 0.05% Ti, 0.001 to 0.01% N, and more than 0.01 to 0.5% Al. Therefore, in steel, N is fixed by both Al and Ti elements.
- the strength distribution at the joint part is uniform, the strength distribution at the joint portion is uniform, and the absolute value of the difference in hardness at a position 5 mm away from the joint center and the joint line in the Vickers hardness is 100 or less. It is effective for. That is, in the above example, the difference between the hardness at the joint between the common rail body 11 and the holder 12 joined by liquid phase diffusion joining and the hardness at both sides of the joint 5 mm away from the joint is Vickers hardness.
- the above formula (1) is the result of the study by the present inventors that when the common rail is assembled by liquid phase diffusion bonding, it is necessary that the material in the joint including the joint is uniform, and particularly the change in hardness is small. It is determined based on new findings. If the uniformity of the structure near the joint cannot be obtained, stress concentration occurs in the common-phase liquid phase diffusion joint when internal pressure fatigue is applied, and fracture occurs from the joint part. Then, the effect of strengthening the periphery of the branch hole, which is the maximum stress collecting portion of the common rail, which is the core of the present invention by laser peening becomes meaningless, and the effect of the present invention itself cannot be realized.
- N that is easily bonded to B is fixed with Ti and Al, and the chemical components for obtaining a sufficient amount of solute B are regulated.
- BN is generated according to the solubility product.
- the reciprocal number 3.4 of the atomic ratio is determined as the amount of N that can fix Ti, and the affinity between Al and N is further experimentally determined as the amount of N that can fix Al. 1 is set, and the coefficient 52 obtained by experimentally determining the concentration and chemical potential of Al in consideration of the interaction between Al and Ti is multiplied together, and this is subtracted from the equivalent N amount that binds to B. [(N%) / 1.3 ⁇ ⁇ (Ti%) / 3.4+ (Al%) / 4.1 ⁇ ⁇ (Al%) ⁇ 52] was determined as the total fixed N amount.
- the equation (1) was determined as the TLB value from the viewpoint of the effective B amount of the joint effective only for the steel of the present invention. This value is, so to speak, an evaluation formula for a virtual B effect. Since the TLB value thus determined is a mixture of theoretical assumptions and experimental coefficients, the TLB values that can ensure the uniformity of the coefficient and joint structure were determined by the following experiment.
- liquid phase diffusion bonding was performed. That is, the thickness of the Ni-base-B system and Fe-base-B system capable of realizing liquid phase diffusion bonding at 1000 to 1300 ° C. between the bonding surfaces is substantially 50% or more amorphous.
- the whole test piece was heated to a required bonding temperature with an amorphous foil of 20 to 50 ⁇ m interposed, and liquid phase diffusion bonding was performed under a stress of 1 to 20 MPa for 30 seconds to 60 minutes.
- a round bar tensile test piece having a parallel part diameter of 6 mm ⁇ was collected, and all the tensile tests were performed at room temperature to confirm that the strength was 600 MPa or more.
- a cross section at the center position of the test material having a cross section perpendicular to the joint surface is exposed by cutting, and the center of the joint portion is identified from the structure as a reference position in the cross section, and is separated by 10 mm at intervals of 0.1 mm.
- the hardness was continuously measured up to the base material with a load of 100 g. Within the above experimental conditions, the joint center showed a value close to the maximum hardness. Hardness tended to decrease gradually from here to the base material.
- the absolute value of the difference between the maximum hardness of the joint and the hardness at a position 5 mm away was evaluated as the hardness distribution of the liquid phase diffusion bonded joint, that is, the uniformity of strength. Industrially, when this value changes by 100 or more, the joint characteristics become non-uniform, and the fatigue strength of the laser-peened common rail is affected as a part.
- the hardness difference is expressed as ⁇ Hv (100 g), and the relationship with the grain boundary segregation B parameter TLB value is shown in FIG. If the TLB value is 0.001 or more, ⁇ Hv is 100 or less, and it is clear that the homogeneity of the joint is maintained.
- Each coefficient of the TLB parameter equation was experimentally determined from the chemical components of various dissolved materials so that the correlation of FIG. That is, by managing the parameter TLB value, the strength uniformity of the joint part, specifically, the hardness difference ⁇ Hv value in the non-heat treated joint after the liquid phase diffusion bonding is obtained in the steel material satisfying the above chemical component range. It became possible to obtain a joint of 100 or less.
- the liquid phase diffusion bonding joint thus obtained needs to obtain a toughness of 47 J or more at 0 ° C. in order to prevent the joint from brittle fracture at the same time as the uniformity of strength.
- a 2 mm U-notch Charpy impact specimen was collected from the test piece, and the absorbed energy was measured by processing the notch in the joint part according to the method described in JISZ2202, it could exceed 47 J if the TLB value was 0.001 or more. understood.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the TLB value and the tensile strength. If the TLB value is 0.001% or more, it can be seen that the steel having the chemical component defined in the present invention has a tensile strength of 600 MPa or more. The tensile test was performed according to JISZ2241.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a cross section around the opening of the branch hole 6 to be reinforced in the common rail 1.
- the area indicated by the line segments g1 to g (periphery of the opening) with the corner egf in FIG. Laser peening is performed on the inner surface of the rail hole 5 located in the portion 23. Thereafter, the material in the vicinity of the opening peripheral portion 23 is removed to form a processed shape having a curve g1g2g3. Thereby, fatigue strength is increased.
- the opening peripheral portion 23 of the branch hole 6 is an area where the distance from the center of each branch hole 6 on the inner surface 22 of the rail hole is within five times the diameter d2 of the branch hole 6 (see FIG. 1). A region where the distance from the opening of the rail hole inner surface 22 within the branch hole inner surface 21 is within 0.3 times the diameter d1 (see FIG. 1) of the rail hole 5, and the branch hole 6 and the rail hole 5 sandwiched between them. Say the connection surface.
- the laser peening process requires (i) using a laser beam having a high peak power density and (ii) installing a transparent medium such as water near the irradiated surface.
- the peak power density on the irradiated surface is set to 1 to 100 TW / m 2 .
- the laser device preferably uses a pulse laser that oscillates intermittently with a pulse time width of about 10 ps to 100 ns and a pulse energy of about 0.1 mJ to 100 J.
- Such a laser device is an Nd: YAG laser, but any laser device that satisfies the above condition (i) may be used.
- the plasma generated by the irradiation of the pulse laser beam having a high peak power density is suppressed from being expanded by a transparent medium such as water existing in the vicinity of the irradiation surface, Plasma pressure is increased.
- a transparent medium such as water existing in the vicinity of the irradiation surface
- FIG. 7 shows the result of measuring the distribution of residual stress in the depth direction using an X-ray residual stress measuring device after performing a laser peening process on a flat specimen prepared using a steel material having a tensile strength of 1000 MPa. Show. The stress distribution in the depth direction was measured while removing the steel material successively by electrolytic polishing.
- the apparatus shown in FIG. 8 (plan view) and FIG. 9 (front view) was used, and the laser beam 32 was irradiated from the laser beam oscillation device 31 onto the test piece 37 immersed in the water tank 35.
- a second harmonic (wavelength: 532 nm) of an Nd: YAG laser having good permeability in water was used.
- the laser beam 32 is condensed by a condensing lens 33 made of a convex lens having a focal length of 100 mm, and is irradiated onto a test piece 37 through an optical window 34.
- the shape of the beam spot on the test piece 37 was set to a circle having a diameter of 0.8 mm.
- the pulse energy of the laser was set to 200 mJ, and the peak power density was set to 40 TW / m 2 .
- the pulse time width was 10 ns and the pulse repetition frequency was 30 Hz.
- FIG. 10 shows a method of superimposing the beam spot of the pulse laser.
- the average value of the number of times of irradiation with the pulse laser beam for the same point is set to 25, the interval between adjacent beam spots in the same scanning region Li, and the center line of adjacent scanning regions (for example, L1 and L2 in FIG. 10). The distance between them was processed to be equal. Further, the formation of the scanning region was continuously performed as “L 1 ⁇ L 2 ⁇ L 3 ⁇ ...” In FIG. Referring to the measurement result of FIG. 7, the compressive stress is introduced to a depth of about 0.6 mm. Further, because of the superposition method shown in FIG. 10, the compressive stress in the Y direction in FIG. 10 is selectively strengthened.
- the residual stress in the Y direction was ⁇ 783 MPa at a depth of 30 ⁇ m, and the residual compressive stress was maximum.
- the residual stress on the workpiece surface is ⁇ 656 MPa, and it cannot be said that the residual stress on the surface can be sufficiently strengthened. This is because when the surface of the sample is irradiated with a laser beam, the vicinity of the surface area of the irradiated spot is melted and re-solidified.
- the surface layer of the material in the region including the treated surface is removed.
- the removal of the material by mechanical polishing or the like may leave a tensile stress on the surface after removal and adversely affect the fatigue characteristics. Therefore, an electrolytic polishing method or a fluid polishing method is desirable as the removal method.
- polishing proceeds by installing an etching solution in the peripheral portion 23 (FIG. 6) of the opening, and in many cases, energizing while pressing a spherical protrusion.
- polishing is performed by passing a liquid containing an abrasive through the rail hole 5 and the branch hole 6.
- polishing proceeds concentrically around the axis of the branch hole 6.
- this removal process it is possible to remove the vicinity of the surface layer in which the stress is shifted to the tension side by the laser peening process and the stress is shifted to the tension side, and the residual stress value is slightly smaller than the part entering the inside of the material.
- the stress concentration factor is relaxed by the change in the shape of the opening peripheral portion 23, and the maximum load stress during actual use is reduced. The present inventors have found that these combined effects greatly improve fatigue strength.
- the pulse energy of the laser beam is set in the range of 1 mJ to 10 J for the following reason.
- the depth at which the compressive stress is introduced by the laser peening treatment is too small, the residual compressive stress on the new surface after removal becomes small. End up.
- the depth at which the compressive stress is introduced becomes shallower as the pulse energy becomes smaller. This is because the three-dimensional diffusion of laser pulse energy input from the workpiece surface increases as the pulse energy decreases. Due to this limitation, it is preferable to process with a pulse energy of 1 mJ or more in the method of the present invention.
- the upper limit of the pulse energy is preferably 10 J or less in consideration of the beam cross-sectional area of the laser beam that can be passed through the rail tube of the common rail and the light resistance strength of the optical element.
- the necessary laser peening treatment area and material removal area are (i) the tensile stress distribution around the opening of the branch hole when the internal pressure fluctuates and (ii) how much the stress concentration is mitigated.
- Dependent Tensile stress distribution, strength of a steel material, operating pressure, the diameter d 1 of the rail holes 5, the diameter d 2 of the branch holes 6, depending on the like. Although this distribution can be estimated based on finite element method calculation or the like, general guidelines for the processing area will be described below.
- the maximum value of the tensile stress in the branch hole opening peripheral portion 23 due to the internal pressure fluctuation load during actual use is the cross section including the axis of the branch hole 6 and along the longitudinal direction of the rail hole 5 In the above, it occurs in the vicinity of the connecting portion between the inner surface 21 of the branch hole and the surface subjected to the removal processing.
- the principal stress direction is the circumferential direction of the rail hole 5.
- a high compressive stress is introduced into the region including the point taking this maximum value, which is represented by the following equations (2) and (2 ′).
- FIG. 12 shows an effective beam spot superimposing method.
- the beam spot is scanned in a plane including the central axis of the branch hole 6, and the beam spot is scanned a plurality of times while moving the position in the circumferential direction of the branch hole 6.
- This process was devised based on the fact that the stress in the Y direction in FIG. 10 is selectively strengthened by the process shown in FIG. 10 as shown in FIG.
- the scanning direction is not limited to a plane including the central axis of the branch hole 6. For example, as shown in FIG.
- a beam spot is scanned in a plane including the longitudinal direction of the rail hole 5 and the longitudinal direction of the branch hole 6, and a plurality of beam spot scans are performed while shifting the position in the circumferential direction of the rail hole 5.
- the same effect can be obtained by the method of performing the process once.
- the removal of the material for the purpose of removing the surface portion of the material whose stress is shifted to the tensile side by melting and re-solidifying by the laser irradiation and giving a large compressive stress to the material surface is also the above formula (2). It is desirable to remove so as to include the regions represented by the formula (2) and the formula (2 ′).
- the removal thickness is defined for each point on the surface after removal as follows.
- the removal thickness at a certain point on the surface after removal is defined as the minimum value obtained by selecting the point having the smallest distance from the point on the surface after removal as considered from the surface before removal.
- the branch hole sectional view of FIG. 14 will be described as an example.
- a curved line ejf indicated by a dotted line is a line before removal
- a curved line from e through k 1 and k 2 to f is a line after removal.
- the removal thickness at line k 1 point after removal is represented by t 1
- removal thickness at two points k is represented by t 2.
- a two-dimensional cross-sectional view is taken as an example, but the actual removal thickness is defined by capturing the lines before and after removal considered in FIG.
- the removal thickness in the laser peening treatment area is set within the following range.
- the removal thickness at each point on the surface after removal is set to 0.01 mm or more.
- the compressive stress introduced by laser peening tends to decrease as the depth from the surface increases. For example, from the depth distribution of the stress in the Y direction in FIG. 7, it is expected that if the material is removed from the surface to a depth of about 0.1 mm or more, the surface stress after removal becomes rather smaller than before removal.
- the Decreasing the compressive stress in the depth direction can be reduced by increasing the pulse energy (200 mJ under the conditions of FIG. 7). That is, it is possible to obtain a larger removal thickness by increasing the pulse energy, but it is still effective that the removal thickness is about 0.3 mm or less.
- FIG. 15 shows the definition of the curvature radius R. Diameter of branch hole ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ Distance from center of branch hole ⁇ Diameter of branch hole ⁇ 0.6 (3)
- the actual cyclic loading stress during use it is often a maximum near the g 2 points. If laser peening processing is performed from both the inner surface 21 of the branch hole 6 and the inner surface 22 of the rail hole 5, the compressive stress introduced by the processing of each surface is added, and the absolute value of the compressive stress at two points is obtained. It can be pulled up and higher fatigue strength is achieved.
- the depth h of the processing range shown in FIG. 16 is based on the position of a circle formed by the rail hole inner surface 22 and the branch hole inner surface 21 intersecting. About 20% of the rail hole diameter d 1 is sufficient.
- the irradiation method performed only from the inner surface 22 of the rail hole 5 has an advantage that the apparatus can be simplified because the mirror tilting mechanism and the like necessary for processing the inner surface 21 of the branch hole 6 are not required.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the second policy.
- the angle egf indicated by the dotted line is the cross section at the time of penetration processing
- the alternate long and short dash line is the cross section after chamfering
- the curve from e through k 3 , k 4 to f is subjected to laser peening treatment, and further material removal is performed.
- This is the final processed shape obtained after
- the above-mentioned first measure is applied to the case where the removal thickness from the point of penetration processing indicated by t 1 and t 2 to the final machining shape exceeds 0.3 mm, Is subjected to laser peening treatment from the surface of the corner egf indicated by a dotted line, and then the final processed shape (curve ek 3 k 4 f in FIG.
- the chamfering performed before the laser peening treatment is performed for the purpose of relaxing the stress concentration factor of the tensile stress applied to the periphery of the branch hole opening due to the internal pressure fluctuation load during actual use. Therefore, it is effective to include a region in the vicinity where the stress is maximum, that is, a region represented by the above-described equations (2) and (2 ').
- the stress concentration around the opening of the branch hole 6 is relaxed, but the maximum value of the stress distribution is still on the inner surface of the branch hole on the cross section including the axis of the branch hole 6 and along the longitudinal direction of the rail hole 5. It occurs near the connection part of the surface that has been subjected to removal processing.
- the above-described removal of the material performed for the purpose of eliminating the laser processing region around the branch hole opening and the surface where the melting and resolidification due to the laser irradiation and the stress is shifted to the tension side is also described above. It is desirable to include a region represented by the formulas (2) and (2 ′).
- the thickness to be removed is preferably 0.01 mm or more and 0.3 mm or less in the laser processing region. From the viewpoint of suppressing the reduction of the compressive stress on the surface after removal due to the removal of the material, the removal thickness after the laser peening treatment is reduced to 0 by performing chamfering before the laser peening treatment to near the final processed shape. A particularly preferable range is to keep it small to 1 mm or less.
- Common rails are often made of high-strength steel. Therefore, it is preferable to use a liquid that does not rust steel, such as alcohol (methyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol), as the transparent liquid placed on the laser beam irradiation surface. Or, by using a liquid in which methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol are mixed with water in an arbitrary distribution, or a liquid containing rust inhibitor in pure water, tap water, or mineral water, the common rail is prevented from rusting. May be.
- the rust preventive agent there is no problem with a commercially available rust preventive agent, but when a colored one is used, it is preferable to set the concentration of the rust preventive agent within a range in which laser light can pass through the liquid.
- the maximum principal stress is applied during internal pressure loading in order to eradicate the inevitable inclusion-initiated fatigue failure with high-strength materials by assembling steel materials with strengths exceeding 600 MPa originally by liquid phase diffusion bonding with low process costs.
- laser peening around the branched holes it is possible to provide an inexpensive common rail that can withstand a very high pressure of 2000 atmospheres or more for the first time.
- Ni, Co, and Cu are all ⁇ -stabilizing elements, and are elements that improve the hardenability by lowering the transformation point of the steel material and promoting low-temperature transformation.
- Ni, Co, and Cu each have a content of 0.01% or more, and the above-described effects can be obtained.
- the Ni content is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 2.0%, and the Co and Cu contents are preferably in the range of 0.01 to 1.0%.
- both are expensive elements, and from the viewpoint of industrial production, Ni should be included in the steel in the range of 0.05 to 1.0%, and Co and Cu should be included in the range of 0.05 to 0.5%. Is preferred.
- W is an ⁇ -stabilizing element and exhibits remarkable solid solution hardening. This effect is acquired when 0.01% or more of W is contained.
- B and P which are diffusion atoms of the liquid phase diffusion bonding, and borides or phosphides are generated, and the toughness of the joint may be deteriorated. Therefore, the upper limit of the W content is limited to 2.0%. However, when considering the grain boundary segregation, the upper limit of the content is preferably 1.0%.
- Zr, Nb, and V precipitate fine carbides and increase the strength of the material. All are effective when the content is 0.001% or more.
- the upper limit values of Zr and Nb are set to 0.05%, and the upper limit value of V is set to 0.5%.
- the upper limit of the content of these elements is preferably 0.035% for Nb and Zr, and 0.3% for V when avoiding the formation of borides or phosphides at grain boundaries.
- sulfide form control elements such as Ca, Mg, and Ba and rare earth elements such as Y, Ce, and La all have high affinity with S, an impurity in steel, and suppress the generation of MnS that affects the toughness of steel.
- Ca, Mg, and Ba are required to have a content of 0.0005%, and Y, Ce, and La that have a large atomic weight must have a content of 0.001%.
- Ca, Mg and Ba produce coarse oxides with a content of 0.005% or more to reduce toughness
- Y, Ce and La produce coarse oxides similarly with a content of 0.05%. In order to reduce toughness, these contents are set to the upper limit.
- the manufacturing process of the steel material of the present invention can be applied not only to an integrated steelmaking process using a normal blast furnace and converter, but also to an electric furnace manufacturing method and a converter manufacturing method using a cold iron source. Furthermore, even if it does not go through a continuous casting process, it can also be produced through a normal casting and forging process, as long as it satisfies the chemical component range and the formula restrictions prescribed in the present invention, The manufacturing method can be expanded. Moreover, the shape of the steel material to be manufactured is arbitrary, and can be implemented by a molding technique necessary for the shape of the member to be applied.
- this steel is also excellent in weldability and suitable for liquid phase diffusion bonding, if it is a structure including a liquid phase diffusion bonding joint, a structure in which welding is applied in part or in combination Manufacture of the body is possible and does not interfere with the effects of the present invention.
- a method for manufacturing a common rail in which a rail hole is formed in a central portion and a plurality of branch holes that open to the rail hole are formed in a cylindrical wall portion that surrounds the rail hole.
- C 0.01 to 0.3%, Si: 0.01 to 0.5%, Mn: 0.01 to 3.0%
- B 0.0003 to 0.01%
- N 0.001 to 0.01%
- Al more than 0.01 to 0.5%
- Ti 0.01 to 0.05%
- P 0.03% or less
- S limited to 0.01% or less
- O limited to 0.01% or less
- the total sum of As, Sn, Sb, Pb, Zn, which are grain boundary segregation embrittlement elements, is limited to 0.015% or less
- a liquid phase in which the balance is inevitable impurities and Fe, and the TLB value represented by the formula (1) is 0.001% or more.
- a common rail in which a rail hole is formed in a central portion and a plurality of branch holes that open to the rail hole are formed in a cylindrical wall portion surrounding the rail hole is a material for the common rail.
- C 0.01 to 0.3%
- Si 0.01 to 0.5%
- Mn 0.01 to 3.0%
- B 0.0003 to 0.01 %
- N 0.001 to 0.01%
- Al more than 0.01 to 0.5%
- Ti 0.01 to 0.05%
- P 0.03% or less
- S 0 .01% or less
- O restricted to 0.01% or less
- the total of As, Sn, Sb, Pb, and Zn, which are grain boundary segregation embrittlement elements, is restricted to 0.015% or less, and the remainder is inevitable.
- the curvature radius of the shape line in the periphery of the opening of the branch hole in the cross-section along the longitudinal direction of the rail hole including the central axis of the branch hole is the shape of the shape in the periphery of the opening of the branch hole
- the common rail has a compressive stress value of ⁇ 200 MPa or more perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail hole in the cross section at each point of the satisfied region and 15 ⁇ m or more.
- the common rail illustrated in FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B was prototyped as follows. First, a rail body 51 having a length of 230 mm, a width of 40 mm, and a thickness of 30 mm, and a holder 52 having a height of 25 mm, an outer diameter of 24 mm, and a thickness of 4 mm were prepared.
- the rail main body 51 and the holder 52 are made of a steel material in the chemical composition range of the present invention in a laboratory scale vacuum melting or vacuum melting of 100 kg to 300 tons in an actual steel plate manufacturing facility, or a normal blast furnace-converter-external refining- It was manufactured by degassing / trace element addition-continuous casting-hot rolling, and processed and molded into the shapes shown in FIGS.
- a rail tube having an inner diameter of 10 mm ⁇ is machined in the center in the longitudinal direction of the rail body 51, and then a guide groove for determining a holder joining position having a depth of 4 mm and a width of 7 mm is machined, and then the holder 52 is to be joined.
- a branch hole 6 having a diameter of 1 mm was formed on the center axis of the holder toward the rail tube. Further, the holder 52 was processed to attach a branch pipe for fuel distribution having a maximum thread height of 2 mm to the inner diameter side.
- the end face of the joint between the rail body 51 and the holder 52 is ground and degreased to Rmax ⁇ 100 ⁇ m, and the two end faces are made to face each other to form a pair of joint test pieces, and high-frequency induction heating having an output of 150 kW.
- Liquid phase diffusion bonding was performed using a tensile / compression tester equipped with the apparatus. That is, the thickness of the Ni-base-B system and Fe-base-B system capable of realizing liquid phase diffusion bonding at 1000 to 1300 ° C. between the bonding surfaces is substantially 50% or more amorphous.
- the whole test piece was heated to a required bonding temperature with an amorphous foil of 20 to 50 ⁇ m interposed, and liquid phase diffusion bonding was performed under a stress of 1 to 20 MPa for 30 seconds to 60 minutes.
- chamfering processing was performed to take the edge of the opening end portion on the rail tube side of the branch hole 6 of the rail body 51 before the laser peening process described below.
- polishing was performed concentrically around the axis of the branch hole 6 while energizing while pressing the spherical protrusion.
- the width p 1 and the depth p 2 of the chamfered region were changed as shown in FIG. Incidentally, p 1 is expressed as ratio to the diameter d 2 of the branch hole.
- FIG. 20 illustrates a state in which the irradiation head 61 of the laser processing apparatus used for the processing is inserted into the rail hole 5.
- the irradiation head 61 supported by a support rod 67 that can move in the longitudinal direction of the rail hole 5 and can rotate about the central axis has a condenser lens 63 and a mirror 64 attached to a pipe 62.
- Reference numeral 71 denotes a protrusion.
- a mirror 64 is a so-called rod-shaped mirror having a shape obtained by obliquely cutting a cylinder, and is bonded to a mirror base 65.
- the laser beam 57 guided through the rail hole 5 of the common rail 1 is bent by the condensing lens 63 and then reflected by the mirror 64 to reach the condensing point 66. Since water is present on both sides of the condenser lens 63, it is preferable to use a material having a high refractive index in order to obtain sufficient bending. At the same time, a material having durability against a laser beam having a high peak power density is preferable. Therefore, in this example, sapphire was used as a lens.
- a pair of notches 68 and 69 are provided in the pipe 62, and a ring-shaped seal member 70 is provided around the pipe 62.
- the seal member 70 generates a water flow in the pipe 62 that flows from one notch 68 to the other notch 69, thereby protecting the mirror 64 surface from contamination.
- a second harmonic (wavelength 532 nm) of an Nd: YAG laser excellent in water permeability or a second harmonic (wavelength 532 nm) of an Nd: YVO4 laser was used as the laser beam.
- the time widths of the pulse laser beam were 10 ns and 1 ns, respectively.
- the laser treatment was performed while changing the pulse energy and the spot diameter.
- the Nd: YAG laser was used for processing with a pulse energy of 10 mJ or more, and the Nd: YVO4 laser was used for processing with a pulse energy of less than 10 mJ.
- the spot shape at the irradiation point was set to be substantially circular, and the peak power density was set to 50 TW / m 2 .
- the beam spot is scanned in a plane including the central axis of the branch hole 6, and the beam spot is scanned in the circumferential direction of the branch hole 6.
- Laser treatment was performed by a method that was performed multiple times while moving. The laser treatment was performed in the region indicated by the equations (4) and (4 ′), and the treatment was performed while changing p 3 and p 4 . 21 shows defined treatment zone of p 3 and p 4 (the hatched portion).
- FIG. 21 shows only the laser processing region on the a side, but in the actual processing, laser processing was performed on the b side opposite to the a side across the branch hole in the same manner as the a side.
- the material was removed by electropolishing. While energizing while pressing the spherical protrusions, concentric polishing was performed around the axis of the branch hole 6.
- ratio to the diameter d 2 of the branch hole width of the area to be electropolished changed p 5 and removal thickness p 6.
- the definition of the removal thickness is as described above with reference to FIG.
- the maximum value Rm of the curvature of the shape line of the branch hole in the region satisfying the above-mentioned formulas (2) and (2 ′) on the cross section along the longitudinal direction of the rail hole including the central axis of the branch hole was evaluated. .
- the parameters (p 1 , p 2 , p 5 , p 6 , Rm) relating to the shape of the opening after electropolishing in the present embodiment described above are the common rails that are not subjected to each level of fatigue test, and the central axis of the branch hole After obtaining a cross section along the longitudinal direction of the rail hole by cutting and polishing, the shape was obtained by observing the shape using an optical microscope.
- the common rail manufactured by the above method was set in an internal pressure fatigue test apparatus via a fixing jig separately processed and attached, and an internal pressure fatigue test was performed 10 million times at 15 Hz at a maximum injection pressure of 300 MPa.
- the screw that closes the opening end of the upper part of the holder was selected so as to match the shape of the screw machined on the inner diameter side of the holder and fastened with a maximum torque of 3 tons to reproduce the actual use environment in the engine.
- Table 1 shows the fatigue test results.
- Table 2 shows steel materials according to the chemical composition range of the present invention used in this example, and Table 3 shows mechanical properties of each steel material shown in Table 2.
- the numbers indicating the steel material components in Table 1 correspond to the numbers shown in Table 2.
- Table 1 also shows the result of measuring the residual stress ⁇ A in the rail hole circumferential direction at the point m 1 in FIG.
- the residual stress ⁇ A was measured using an X-ray residual stress measuring device by cutting out a portion 24 including one branch hole from the common rail not subjected to the fatigue test at each level, as shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B. In this cutting process, cutting was performed at a position away from the opening on the rail hole side of the branch hole 6 so that the residual stress introduced by laser peening did not change.
- the cut-out size was 40 mm in the length in the rail hole longitudinal direction, and was cut along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the branch hole and including the axis of the rail hole.
- the beam diameter for X-ray stress measurement was 0.1 mm.
- TS indicates the tensile strength (kN / mm 2 ) of the liquid phase diffusion bonded joint at 25 ° C.
- CH indicates the absorbed energy (J) in the Charpy test of the liquid phase diffusion bonded joint at 0 ° C.
- ⁇ Hv indicates the absolute value of the difference between the maximum hardness of the joint and the hardness at a position 5 mm away (value of the Vickers hardness test with a load of 100 g).
- Condition number 126 in Table 1 is a conventional example in which laser peening was performed but polishing was not performed thereafter.
- Condition numbers 106, 108, 111, 114, 116, and 119 were polished after the laser peening process.
- a significant effect is obtained over the conventional example.
- Condition 106 is an example in which since the pulse energy is insufficient, the depth at which compressive stress is introduced in the laser peening process is small, and ⁇ A after electropolishing is small, so that the fatigue strength improvement effect is small. . On the other hand, in any of the conditions 101 to 105 where the pulse energy is 1 mJ or more, the fatigue strength improving effect is obtained.
- Conditions 108 and 111 are examples where the laser treatment region was too small, and the effect of reducing the tensile stress in the region where the load during the internal pressure fatigue test was large was not sufficient, and the effect of improving the fatigue strength was small.
- the fatigue strength improving effect is obtained. That is, it is desirable to take the laser processing region so as to include the region represented by the above formulas (2) and (2 ′).
- Condition 114 is an example in which the area of electropolishing was too small, the effect of reducing the stress concentration factor in the area where the load during the internal pressure fatigue test was large was not sufficient, and the effect of improving fatigue strength was small. It can be seen that although the electropolishing was performed, the Rm was not significantly different from the conventional example of the condition 126. On the other hand, under the same laser pulse energy conditions as in the condition 114 and in the conditions 103, 112, and 113 where p5 ⁇ 0.6, the fatigue strength improving effect is obtained.
- Condition 116 is an example in which the thickness of electropolishing was too large at 0.4 mm, and as a result of removing the depth where compressive stress was introduced by laser peening, ⁇ A after electropolishing was reduced and the effect of improving fatigue strength was small It is.
- Condition 119 was that the thickness of electropolishing was too small at 0.005 mm, so that the effect of eliminating the surface where the stress was shifted to the tensile side due to laser irradiation was insufficient, and stress concentration due to electropolishing was not sufficient. This is an example in which the fatigue strength improvement effect was small because the relaxation was not sufficient. It can be seen that both Rm and ⁇ A were not significantly different from the conventional example of the condition 126.
- the effect of increasing the compressive stress on the surface and the effect of relaxing the stress concentration factor due to the shape change act in combination, and a great improvement in fatigue strength can be obtained over the prior art. From the result of this test, it can be seen that the condition that the absolute value of ⁇ A is 200 MPa or more and Rm ⁇ 15 ⁇ m is effective for this purpose.
- Table 4 shows each component of the steel material deviating from the chemical composition range of the present invention
- Table 5 shows the mechanical properties of each steel material shown in Table 4. These are examples in which the liquid phase diffusion joint characteristics of the steel material and the hardness uniformity of the joint cannot be achieved, and even if laser peening is performed, the steel material itself or the liquid phase diffusion joint joint loses resistance to internal pressure fatigue.
- the index, ⁇ Hv (100 g) showing the components of each steel material, the characteristics of the liquid phase diffusion bonding joint, and the hardness uniformity in the vicinity of the joint.
- the laser peening treatment was performed under the condition of condition number 122 shown in Table 1.
- Steel No. 51 is an example in which C is excessive and the toughness of the liquid phase diffusion bonding joint cannot be obtained (the fatigue characteristics of the joint are lower than the branch hole opening subjected to laser peening).
- No. 52 steel has Si and No. 53 steel has excessive Mn, and a large amount of MnO-SiO 2 complex oxide is produced in the liquid phase diffusion joint. As a result, the toughness of the joint is reduced. This is an example in which it is lower than the branch hole opening subjected to laser peening.
- the amount of Ti added is excessive, carbon nitride containing Ti is produced in a large amount in the joint, the joint toughness is lowered, and the fatigue characteristics of the joint are lower than the branch hole opening processed by laser peening.
- 62 is an example in which the amount of W added is excessive and a large amount of boride is generated in the joint, the toughness is lowered, and the fatigue characteristics of the joint are lower than those of the branch hole opening processed by laser peening.
- Steel No. 63 is an example in which V is excessive, coarse V carbide is generated in the joint joint, the toughness is lowered, and the fatigue characteristics of the joint are lower than the branch hole opening subjected to the laser peening treatment.
- No. 64 steel and No. 65 steel each have excessive amounts of Zr and Nb, both of which generate a large amount of their respective carbides in the jointed joint, resulting in a decrease in toughness, and the fatigue characteristics of the joint are more than the branch hole opening subjected to laser peening treatment.
- the present invention is applied to a steel material such as a common rail as a manufacturing method for improving the fatigue strength of a portion where the diameter is extremely changed in a machine part through which a fluid passes or a portion where a stress concentration is likely to occur such as a pipe end. it can.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2009年3月12日に、日本に出願された特願2009-059918号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(1)本発明の第1の態様は、レール穴と、前記レール穴を囲む筒壁部に形成される分岐穴とが設けられるコモンレール本体と、前記分岐穴に連通する連通穴が形成されるホルダーとを備えるコモンレールの製造方法である。前記コモンレール本体及び前記ホルダーは、C:0.01~0.3質量%、Si:0.01~0.5質量%、Mn:0.01~3.0質量%、B:0.0003~0.01質量%、N:0.001~0.01質量%、Al:0.01超~0.5質量%、Ti:0.01~0.05質量%を含有し、Pが0.03質量%以下に制限され、Sが0.01質量%以下に制限され、Oが0.01質量%以下に制限され、As,Sn,Sb,Pb,Znの総和含有量が0.015質量%以下に制限され、残部がFe及び不可避的不純物を含み、
TLB=(B%)-[(N%)/1.3-{(Ti%)/3.4+(Al%)/4.1}×(Al%)×52]・・・(1)
で示されるTLB値が0.001%以上である。このコモンレールの製造方法は、前記コモンレール本体と前記ホルダーとの間に、Bを少なくとも1質量%以上含有するNi基またはFe基のインサートメタルを挿入する挿入工程と;前記コモンレール本体と前記インサートメタルと前記ホルダーとを、接合温度1000~1300℃で30秒以上の間1MPa以上の応力を負荷して保持して接合する液相拡散接合工程と;前記分岐穴の開口周辺部に位置する前記分岐穴の内面と前記レール穴の内面との境界周辺部の領域に、透明液体を存在させてパルスレーザビームを照射するレーザピーニング処理工程と;前記開口周辺部の表層を除去し、前記開口周辺部の疲労強度を高める表層除去工程と;を備える。
分岐穴の中心からの距離≦分岐穴の直径×0.6・・・(2)
および
分岐穴の中心方向にレール穴の内面に線分を引いたときの該線分とレール穴の長手方向のなす角≦10°・・・(2’)
を満足する領域を包含するものであって、除去する表層の厚みが(2)式および(2’)式を満足する領域において0.01mm~0.3mmであってもよい。
分岐穴の直径×0.5≦分岐穴の中心からの距離≦分岐穴の直径×0.6・・・(3)
を満足する領域の各点において、15μm以上となってもよい。
TLB=(B%)-[(N%)/1.3-{(Ti%)/3.4+(Al%)/4.1}×(Al%)×52]・・・(1)
で示されるTLB値が0.001%以上であり、前記開口周辺部における形状が、前記分岐穴の中心軸を含み前記レール穴の長手方向に沿った断面における前記分岐穴の前記開口部周辺部における形状線の曲率半径が、
分岐穴の直径×0.5≦分岐穴の中心からの距離≦分岐穴の直径×0.6・・・(3)
を満足する領域の各点において、15μm以上となり、且つ、前記断面におけるレール穴の長手方向に垂直な圧縮応力値が-200MPa以上である。
TLB=(B%)-[(N%)/1.3-{(Ti%)/3.4+(Al%)/4.1}×(Al%)×52]・・・(1)
分岐穴の中心からの距離≦分岐穴の直径×0.6・・・(2)
分岐穴の中心方向にレール穴の内面に線分を引いたときの該線分とレール穴の長手方向のなす角≦10°・・・(2’)
分岐穴の直径×0.5≦分岐穴の中心からの距離≦分岐穴の直径×0.6・・・(3)
分岐穴の中心からの距離≦分岐穴の直径×p3・・・(4)
分岐穴の中心方向にレール穴の内面に線分を引いたときの該線分とレール穴の長手方向のなす角≦p4°・・・(4’)
52番鋼はSiが、53番鋼はMnが過多となって液相拡散接合継手においてMnO-SiO2の複合酸化物を多量に生成し、継手の靱性が低下した結果、継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
54番鋼はTi添加量が過剰となり、Tiを含む炭窒化物が継手で多量に生成し、継手靱性が低下して継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
55番鋼はAlの添加量が過剰となり、粗大酸化物が鋼材および液相拡散接合継手に生成し、特に接合部の靱性が低下して継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
56番鋼はN含有量が過剰となった結果、TLB値が0.001未満となり、接合部の硬度均一性が保たれず、継手近傍で応力集中が生じて継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
57番鋼はB添加量が不十分で、TLB値が0.001未満となり、接合部の硬度均一性が保たれず、継手近傍で応力集中が生じて継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
58番鋼はB添加量が過多となって、Bを含む炭化物と硼化物が継手に生成し、靱性が低下した結果、継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
59番鋼、60番鋼、61番鋼はそれぞれNi、Co、Cu添加量が過多となって残留γが多量に生成し、接合継手の靱性が低下し、継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
62番鋼はW添加量が過多となって硼化物が継手に多量に生成し、靱性が低下して継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
63番鋼はVが過多となり、接合継手で粗大V炭化物が生成して靱性が低下し、継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
64番鋼と65番鋼は、Zr、Nbがそれぞれ過多となり、何れもそれぞれの炭化物を接合継手に多く生成して靱性が低下し、継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
66~68番鋼はCa、Mg、Baの添加量が過剰となり、それぞれの酸化物が生成し、接合継手の靱性が低下した結果、継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
69~71番鋼ではY、Ce、Laの添加量が過剰となり、それぞれの酸化物が生成し、接合継手の靱性が低下した結果、継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
72、73、74、75番鋼はAs+Sn+Sb+Pb+Znの添加量総和が0.015%を超え、粒界脆化を来したために、継手の靱性が低下し、継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
76および77番鋼は化学成分こそ本発明鋼の範囲であるが、TLB値が0.001を下回ったため、継手の強度均一性が保てず、ΔHv(100g)の値が100を超えたことにより、継手に応力集中が生じて、継手の疲労特性がレーザピーニング処理した分岐穴開口部よりも低下した例である。
2 筒壁部
5 レール穴
6 分岐穴
7 レール穴の長手方向に平行となる直径の両端近傍
11 コモンレール本体
12 ホルダー
13 管路
14 支管
15 合金箔
21 内面(分岐穴)
22 内面(レール穴)
23 開口周辺部
31 レーザビーム発振装置
32 レーザビーム
33 集光レンズ
34 光学窓
35 水槽
37 試験片
38、39、41 支持部
40、42 ガイド
43 走査装置
51 レール本体
52 ホルダー
57 レーザビーム
61 照射ヘッド
62 パイプ
63 集光レンズ
64 ミラー
65 ミラー台座
66 集光点
67 支持棒
68、69 切欠き部
70 シール部材
71 突起
Claims (12)
- レール穴と、前記レール穴を囲む筒壁部に形成される分岐穴とが設けられるコモンレール本体と、前記分岐穴に連通する連通穴が形成されるホルダーとを備えるコモンレールの製造方法であって、前記コモンレール本体及び前記ホルダーは、
C:0.01~0.3質量%、
Si:0.01~0.5質量%、
Mn:0.01~3.0質量%、
B:0.0003~0.01質量%、
N:0.001~0.01質量%、
Al:0.01超~0.5質量%、
Ti:0.01~0.05質量%、の成分を含有し、
Pが0.03質量%以下に制限され、
Sが0.01質量%以下に制限され、
Oが0.01質量%以下に制限され、
As,Sn,Sb,Pb,Znの総和含有量が0.015質量%以下に制限され、
残部がFe及び不可避的不純物を含み、
TLB=(B%)-[(N%)/1.3-{(Ti%)/3.4+(Al%)/4.1}×(Al%)×52]・・・(1)
で示されるTLB値が0.001%以上であり、前記製造方法は、
前記コモンレール本体と前記ホルダーとの間に、Bを少なくとも1質量%以上含有するNi基またはFe基のインサートメタルを挿入する挿入工程と;
前記コモンレール本体と前記インサートメタルと前記ホルダーとを、接合温度1000~1300℃で30秒以上の間1MPa以上の応力を負荷して保持して接合する液相拡散接合工程と;
前記分岐穴の開口周辺部に位置する前記分岐穴の内面と前記レール穴の内面との境界周辺部の領域に、透明液体を存在させてパルスレーザビームを照射するレーザピーニング処理工程と;
前記開口周辺部の表層を除去し、前記開口周辺部の疲労強度を高める表層除去工程と;
を備えることを特徴とする、コモンレールの製造方法。 - 前記コモンレール本体と前記ホルダーとの少なくとも一方が、更に、
Ni:0.01~2.0質量%、
Co:0.01~1.0質量%、
Cu:0.01~1.0質量%、
W:0.01~2.0質量%
のうち1種以上を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のコモンレールの製造方法。 - 前記コモンレール本体と前記ホルダーとの少なくとも一方が、更に、
Zr:0.001~0.05質量%、
Nb:0.001~0.05質量%、
V:0.001~0.5質量%
のうち1種以上を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のコモンレールの製造方法。 - 前記コモンレール本体と前記ホルダーとの少なくとも一方が、更に、
Ca:0.0005~0.005質量%、
Mg:0.0005~0.005質量%、
Ba:0.0005~0.005質量%
のいずれかの硫化物形態制御元素、および
Y:0.001~0.05質量%、
Ce:0.001~0.05質量%、
La:0.001~0.05質量%
のいずれかの希土類元素のうち、1種以上を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のコモンレールの製造方法。 - 前記開口周辺部の材料の表層の除去は、電解研磨もしくは流体研磨によって行うことを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のコモンレールの製造方法。
- 前記パルスレーザビームのパルスエネルギーが1mJ~10Jであることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のコモンレールの製造方法。
- 前記レーザピーニング処理を施す領域と前記表層を除去する領域が、それぞれ前記レール穴の内面において、
分岐穴の中心からの距離≦分岐穴の直径×0.6・・・(2)
および
分岐穴の中心方向にレール穴の内面に線分を引いたときの該線分とレール穴の長手方向のなす角≦10°・・・(2’)
を満足する領域を包含するものであって、
除去する表層の厚みが上記(2)式および上記(2’)式を満足する領域において0.01mm~0.3mmであることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のコモンレールの製造方法。 - 前記開口周辺部の材料の表層の除去により、前記分岐穴の中心軸を含み前記レール穴の長手方向に沿った断面における前記分岐穴の前記開口部周辺部における形状線の曲率半径が、
分岐穴の直径×0.5≦分岐穴の中心からの距離≦分岐穴の直径×0.6・・・(3)
を満足する領域の各点において、15μm以上となることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のコモンレールの製造方法。 - 前記レーザピーニング処理を施す前に、前記開口周辺部を面取り加工することを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のコモンレールの製造方法。
- 前記面取り加工を施す領域が、前記(2)式および(2’)式を満足する領域を包含することを特徴とする、請求項9に記載のコモンレールの製造方法。
- 前記レーザピーニング処理に用いる前記透明液体がアルコール、又は防錆剤の入った水であることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のコモンレールの製造方法。
- レール穴と、前記レール穴を囲む筒壁部に形成される分岐穴とが設けられるコモンレール本体と、前記分岐穴に連通する連通穴が形成されるホルダーとを備えるコモンレールであって、前記コモンレール本体及び前記ホルダーは、
C:0.01~0.3質量%、
Si:0.01~0.5質量%、
Mn:0.01~3.0質量%、
B:0.0003~0.01質量%、
N:0.001~0.01質量%、
Al:0.01超~0.5質量%、
Ti:0.01~0.05質量%、の成分を含有し、
Pが0.03質量%以下に制限され、
Sが0.01質量%以下に制限され、
Oが0.01質量%以下に制限され、
As,Sn,Sb,Pb,Znの総和が0.015質量%以下に制限され、
残部がFe及び不可避的不純物を含み、
TLB=(B%)-[(N%)/1.3-{(Ti%)/3.4+(Al%)/4.1}×(Al%)×52]・・・(1)
で示されるTLB値が0.001%以上であり、
前記開口周辺部における形状が、前記分岐穴の中心軸を含み前記レール穴の長手方向に沿った断面における前記分岐穴の前記開口部周辺部における形状線の曲率半径が、
分岐穴の直径×0.5≦分岐穴の中心からの距離≦分岐穴の直径×0.6・・・(3)
を満足する領域の各点において、15μm以上であり、
且つ、前記断面におけるレール穴の長手方向に垂直な圧縮応力値が-200MPa以上であることを特徴とするコモンレール。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010525090A JP4772923B2 (ja) | 2009-03-12 | 2010-03-05 | コモンレールの製造方法およびコモンレール |
EP10750530.7A EP2305995B1 (en) | 2009-03-12 | 2010-03-05 | Method of producing common rail and common rail |
US12/736,247 US8794215B2 (en) | 2009-03-12 | 2010-03-05 | Method of producing common rail and common rail |
CN2010800013139A CN101981302B (zh) | 2009-03-12 | 2010-03-05 | 共轨的制造方法及共轨 |
KR1020107021686A KR101218849B1 (ko) | 2009-03-12 | 2010-03-05 | 커먼 레일의 제조 방법 및 커먼 레일 |
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EP (1) | EP2305995B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4772923B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101218849B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101981302B (ja) |
HU (1) | HUE039884T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010103772A1 (ja) |
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WO2013121930A1 (ja) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-22 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 熱間鍛造用圧延棒鋼および熱間鍛造素形材ならびにコモンレールおよびその製造方法 |
JP2013166983A (ja) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-29 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp | 熱間鍛造用圧延棒鋼および熱間鍛造素形材ならびにコモンレールおよびその製造方法 |
CN104114734A (zh) * | 2012-02-15 | 2014-10-22 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | 热锻用轧制棒钢、热锻成形材料以及共轨及其制造方法 |
US9951403B2 (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2018-04-24 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Hot-forged section material and common rail |
US9994943B2 (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2018-06-12 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Rolled steel bar for hot forging, hot-forged section material, and common rail and method for producing the same |
JP2015196895A (ja) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-11-09 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 耐内圧疲労特性に優れた燃料噴射管用継目無鋼管 |
JP2020028885A (ja) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-27 | 株式会社Subaru | レーザピーニング加工装置及びレーザピーニング加工方法 |
KR20200021394A (ko) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-28 | 가부시키가이샤 수바루 | 레이저 피닝 가공 장치 및 레이저 피닝 가공 방법 |
JP7144234B2 (ja) | 2018-08-20 | 2022-09-29 | 株式会社Subaru | レーザピーニング加工装置及びレーザピーニング加工方法 |
KR102648518B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-20 | 2024-03-15 | 가부시키가이샤 수바루 | 레이저 피닝 가공 장치 및 레이저 피닝 가공 방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HUE039884T2 (hu) | 2019-02-28 |
US20110005493A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
US8794215B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 |
JPWO2010103772A1 (ja) | 2012-09-13 |
CN101981302A (zh) | 2011-02-23 |
EP2305995B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
EP2305995A4 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
KR20100123887A (ko) | 2010-11-25 |
JP4772923B2 (ja) | 2011-09-14 |
CN101981302B (zh) | 2013-04-24 |
EP2305995A1 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
KR101218849B1 (ko) | 2013-01-09 |
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