WO2010093020A1 - 硬カプセル - Google Patents
硬カプセル Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010093020A1 WO2010093020A1 PCT/JP2010/052091 JP2010052091W WO2010093020A1 WO 2010093020 A1 WO2010093020 A1 WO 2010093020A1 JP 2010052091 W JP2010052091 W JP 2010052091W WO 2010093020 A1 WO2010093020 A1 WO 2010093020A1
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- hard capsule
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/4816—Wall or shell material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/4891—Coated capsules; Multilayered drug free capsule shells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing at least one polymerizable vinyl monomer in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and / or a derivative thereof, and a hard capsule provided with a film containing a specific compound About.
- capsules conventionally, capsules based on gelatin or cellulose derivatives are known.
- gelatin hard capsules are filled with polyethylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of 400 (PEG 400)
- PEG 400 polyethylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of 400
- the moisture in the film is transferred to the solvent, which causes the capsule to break (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- these solvents act as plasticizers, so that they penetrate the capsule film and ooze out onto the capsule surface.
- hard capsules mainly composed of a polymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing at least one polymerizable vinyl monomer in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and / or a derivative thereof.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Document 1
- the hard capsules cannot be obtained in a low humidity environment by merely using a polymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing at least one polymerizable vinyl monomer in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and / or a derivative thereof. There is a problem that the mechanical strength is not sufficient when stored in the container.
- the present invention is a hard material that is excellent in stability even when filled with a solvent that dissolves a poorly soluble medicinal component (hereinafter also referred to as a “slightly soluble drug-dissolving solvent”) and excellent in mechanical strength in a low humidity environment.
- the main purpose is to provide capsules.
- a polymer obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing at least one specific polymerizable vinyl monomer in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and / or a derivative thereof A hard capsule formed by blending a specific compound with a copolymer or copolymer is highly stable even when filled with a solvent that dissolves poorly soluble medicinal ingredients. It has been found that the film has excellent characteristics and is excellent in the mechanical strength of the film in a low-humidity environment, and further studies have been made to complete the present invention.
- the present invention provides, for example, the following hard capsules.
- Item 1. (A) General formula [1] in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and / or its derivatives H 2 C ⁇ C (R 1 ) -COOR 2 [1] [Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Item 3. The hard capsule according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the compound (B) is at least one selected from the group consisting of glycerin, propylene glycol, triacetin, and triethyl citrate.
- Item 4. The hard capsule according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein 0.1 to 2 parts by weight of the compound (B) is contained with respect to 10 parts by weight of the polymer or copolymer (A).
- Item 5. The hard capsule according to any one of Items 1 to 4, which is filled with at least one selected from the group consisting of the following (a) to (g).
- A polyethylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of 2000 or less or a derivative thereof
- B polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester
- c fatty acid having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or salt thereof
- d polyoxyethylene castor oil
- e ether derivative of diethylene glycol
- f aliphatic having 6 to 12 carbon atoms 5.
- Item 7. Item 7.
- Item 7. The hard capsule according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol derivative in (A) is a polyvinyl alcohol having a thiol group at the terminal.
- the polymerizable vinyl monomer in (A) contains acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is 5 to 50% by weight of the total amount of polymerizable vinyl monomers, and methyl methacrylate is polymerizable vinyl.
- Item 10. The hard capsule according to any one of Items 1 to 9, wherein in (A), the polyvinyl alcohol and / or derivative thereof is 20 to 95% by weight and the polymerizable vinyl monomer is 5 to 80% by weight.
- Item 11. Item 11. A hard capsule comprising the hard capsule of any one of Items 1 to 10 and at least one selected from the group consisting of the following (a) to (g).
- A polyethylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of 2000 or less or a derivative thereof
- B polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester
- c fatty acid having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or salt thereof
- d polyoxyethylene castor oil
- e ether derivative of diethylene glycol
- f aliphatic having 6 to 12 carbon atoms
- (A) General formula [1] in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and / or its derivatives H 2 C ⁇ C (R 1 ) -COOR 2 [1] [Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. ]
- the capsule-forming pin is immersed in an aqueous solution containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of esters and the like, and the aqueous solution attached to the molding pin is dried to form a film.
- Item 11 The method for producing a hard capsule film according to any one of Items 1 to 10.
- Item 13 For producing hard capsules, (A) General formula [1] in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and / or its derivatives H 2 C ⁇ C (R 1 ) -COOR 2 [1] [Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- B polymerizable vinyl monomer represented by: (B) (B-1) polyhydric alcohol, (B-2) ester of polyhydric alcohol and carboxylic acid having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and (B-3) polyhydric carboxylic acid and alcohol having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. And at least one compound selected from the group consisting of esters.
- the hard capsule of the present invention is excellent in stability even when filled with a poorly soluble drug-dissolving solvent, and also excellent in mechanical strength in a low humidity environment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an impact strength test apparatus for hard capsules.
- the hard capsule of the present invention has the general formula [1] in the presence of (A) polyvinyl alcohol and / or a derivative thereof in the film.
- A Polymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing at least one specific polymerizable vinyl monomer in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and / or a derivative thereof.
- Polyvinyl alcohol also referred to as PVA used in the present invention.
- PVA Polyvinyl alcohol
- derivatives thereof in addition to completely saponified products, intermediate saponified products, and partially saponified products of PVA, various modified PVAs such as amine-modified PVA, ethylene-modified PVA, and terminal thiol-modified PVA are used.
- PVA can be obtained by radical polymerization of vinyl acetate and appropriately saponifying the resulting vinyl acetate. Therefore, there is usually a —OCOCH 3 group derived from vinyl acetate in PVA.
- PVA can be classified into fully saponified products, intermediate saponified products, partially saponified products, etc., depending on the degree of saponification.
- the saponification degree of the PVA used in the present invention is preferably about 70 mol% or more, more preferably about 80 mol% or more, and further preferably 85 mol% or more. Among them, a PVA saponified product having a saponification degree of 85 to 90 mol%, particularly 86 to 89 mol% is preferable.
- the completely saponified product of PVA is usually a PVA having a saponification degree of 98 mol% or more, and is not necessarily 100 mol% saponified.
- modified PVAs such as amine-modified PVA, ethylene-modified PVA, and terminal thiol-modified PVA exemplified as PVA derivatives can be produced by methods known in the art, for example.
- PVA and its derivative can also purchase and use a commercial item.
- it can be purchased from Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Nippon Vinegar & Poval Co.
- the PVA is known to have various degrees of polymerization, but the average degree of polymerization is not limited as long as the optimum degree of concentration and viscosity can be selected according to the application. That is, the manufacturing method of the hard capsule is, for example, the following 2. There are various methods as shown in the section of the production method, and the optimum viscosity varies depending on these methods, and the molecular weight of PVA usable for this purpose can be appropriately selected.
- PVA having a weight average molecular weight of about 30,000 to 400,000 preferably PVA having a weight average molecular weight of about 100,000 to 300,000 can be used in the present invention.
- the weight average molecular weight of PVA is the value measured by GPC method (non-aqueous size exclusion chromatography method). Specifically, the measurement is performed as follows. That is, PVA was added to a 10 ml dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) lithium chloride solution to a concentration of 1 mg / mL, stirred while heating at 40 ° C. for 30 minutes, and allowed to stand overnight at room temperature, and then a PTFE cartridge filter. (0.45 ⁇ m), and the molecular weight distribution is measured by the GPC method.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- PVA having an average degree of polymerization of about 350 to 5000 preferably PVA having an average degree of polymerization of about 1200 to 3800 can be used in the present invention.
- PVA and its derivatives can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- PVA and various modified PVA having different saponification degrees can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- a commercial item can also be used as PVA and its derivative (s).
- the polymerizable vinyl monomer used in the present invention is: General formula [1] H 2 C ⁇ C (R 1 ) -COOR 2 [1] [Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. ] It is a compound represented by these.
- polymerizable vinyl monomer used in the present invention examples include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, and isobutyl acrylate.
- acrylic acid methacrylic acid
- methyl methacrylate methyl acrylate
- ethyl methacrylate ethyl acrylate
- butyl methacrylate butyl methacrylate
- isobutyl methacrylate butyl acrylate
- isobutyl acrylate isobutyl acrylate
- the polymerizable vinyl monomer may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polymerizable vinyl monomer is selected from the group consisting of at least one of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, and isobutyl acrylate. It is preferable to use at least one of them in combination, and it is more preferable to use acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate.
- the weight ratio of PVA and / or a derivative thereof to a polymerizable vinyl monomer in the PVA copolymer is not particularly limited, but preferably 20 to 95% by weight of PVA and / or a derivative thereof, and a polymerizable vinyl monomer
- the body is 5 to 80% by weight. More preferably, PVA and / or its derivative is 50 to 90% by weight, and the polymerizable vinyl monomer is 10 to 50% by weight.
- the amount of the capsule dissolves or disperses in water more than 20% by weight.
- the amount of PVA and / or its derivative exceeds 95% by weight, the capsule is less susceptible to humidity when the amount is 95% by weight or less, and the strength under high humidity is more difficult to soften.
- the ratio is not particularly limited, but (I) acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts, and alkyls thereof.
- the weight ratio of at least one of (I) is 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 10 to 40% by weight
- (II ) At least one weight ratio of 50 to 95% by weight Preferably from 60 to 90 wt%.
- a known method can be used. For example, PVA and / or a derivative thereof are added to water, dissolved by heating, and then at least one polymerizable vinyl monomer and a polymerization initiator. Can be added and copolymerized to obtain a resin.
- the weight ratio of PVA and / or its derivative and polymerizable vinyl monomer added to water determines the weight ratio of PVA and / or its derivative and polymerizable vinyl monomer in the PVA copolymer described above.
- the weight ratio to be added to water is preferably the weight ratio of PVA and / or a derivative thereof and a polymerizable vinyl monomer in the PVA copolymer described above.
- polymerization initiator those conventionally used can be used.
- azo compounds such as 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride, AIBN (azoisobutyronitrile), persulfates such as potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, t-butyl hydro Organic peroxides such as peroxides, redox initiators such as hydrogen peroxide-tartaric acid, hydrogen peroxide-sodium tartrate, and the like can be used.
- the amount of the PVA copolymer (A) is preferably 80 to 98% by weight in terms of dry weight with respect to the total weight of the film.
- the reaction mechanism when polymerizing or copolymerizing at least one specific polymerizable vinyl monomer in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and / or a derivative thereof is: It is thought that it is as follows. That is, first, hydrogen of the methyl group at the end of the —OCOCH 3 group present in PVA is extracted by the polymerization initiator, and a radical is generated. A polymerizable vinyl monomer is bonded to the radical, the double bond of the polymerizable vinyl monomer is cut, and a radical is generated again. A polymerizable vinyl monomer couple
- the PVA copolymer (A) has a structure in which at least one of the aforementioned polymerizable vinyl monomers is graft-polymerized to —OCOCH 3 group existing as a side chain of PVA.
- PVA may be bonded to each other through a polymer obtained by polymerization or copolymerization of at least one polymerizable vinyl monomer.
- the PVA copolymer of (A) is obtained from the copolymer of acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate via the —OCOCH 3 group of PVA. It has a structure bonded to PVA.
- a PVA copolymer polyvinyl alcohol / acrylic acid / methyl methacrylate copolymer
- POVACOAT registered trademark
- Type R and Type L manufactured by Daido Kasei Co., Ltd.
- the hard capsule film of the present invention further comprises the compound (B) above, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the film, Impact resistance in a relatively low humidity environment such as a relative humidity (RH) of 40% or less is improved.
- RH relative humidity
- the polyhydric alcohol is not limited as long as it has two or more hydroxyl groups.
- preferred polyhydric alcohols are glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, diglycerin. 1,3-butylene glycol, sugar alcohol and the like.
- sugar alcohol include sorbitol, mannitol, erythritol, xylitol and the like. Among these, glycerin, propylene glycol, sorbitol, and mannitol are preferable, and glycerin and propylene glycol are more preferable.
- the ester of the polyhydric alcohol is an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and a carboxylic acid having 1 to 5 carbon atoms (preferably a carboxylic acid having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a carboxylic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms).
- monoesters, diesters, triesters, and the like of the polyhydric alcohol are preferable.
- Specific preferred polyhydric alcohol esters include glycerin triacetate (hereinafter also referred to as triacetin), glycerin monoacetate, glycerin diacetate, glycerin tributyrate, glycerin tripropionate, propylene glycol diacetate, and ethylene glycol dibutyrate. Etc. Of these, triacetin is particularly preferable.
- an ester of a polyvalent carboxylic acid an ester of a polyvalent carboxylic acid and an alcohol having 1 to 5 carbon atoms (preferably an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably an alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms) is used. . Also preferred are monoesters, diesters, triesters and the like of polyvalent carboxylic acids.
- the polyvalent carboxylic acid is not particularly limited as long as it is a carboxylic acid having two or more carboxyl groups. Specific examples of preferred polyvalent carboxylic acids include citric acid, acetylcitric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid. Examples include acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, and succinic acid.
- esters of polyvalent carboxylic acids include triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, diethyl succinate, and dimethyl succinate. Of these, triethyl citrate is particularly preferred.
- esters may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compound (B) in the present invention at least one selected from glycerin and glycerin ester, propylene glycol and propylene glycol ester, and citric acid ester is particularly preferably used.
- glycerin, propylene glycol, triacetin, and triethyl citrate are particularly preferable because they have a high effect of improving mechanical strength and are excellent in stability when filled with a hardly soluble drug-dissolving solvent.
- the amount of the compound (B) is not particularly limited as long as it is within the range where the effects of the present invention are exerted, but is usually about 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 2 to 15% by weight in terms of dry weight. %, More preferably about 3 to 10% by weight. When the amount of the compound (B) is within the above range, the film can provide excellent mechanical strength and the capsule moldability is also excellent.
- (B) is preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 1 part by weight, still more preferably 10 parts by weight of (A). 0.2 to 1 part by weight is included.
- gelling agent when the gelation ability is poor, a known so-called gelling agent may be added.
- a gelling agent proposed in Japanese Patent No. 2552937 can be used as a gelling agent used in the production of hard capsules based on a water-soluble cellulose derivative.
- the gelling agent is appropriately selected according to the compatibility with the mixture of (A) and (B). Specifically, for example, kappa carrageenan, iota carrageenan, lambda carrageenan, tamarind seed polysaccharide, pectin, curdlan , Gelatin, fur cerelan, agar, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, and dielan gum. In addition, these can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- a gelling aid can be used as necessary.
- the gelling aid can be appropriately selected according to the type of gelling agent used.
- water-soluble compounds containing one or more of potassium ion, ammonium ion and calcium ion, such as potassium chloride, potassium phosphate, calcium chloride and ammonium chloride may be mentioned. it can.
- iota carrageenan water-soluble compounds containing calcium ions, such as calcium chloride, can be mentioned.
- the amount of the gelling agent is appropriately set according to the type of gelling agent used and the like. For example, it is preferably 0.05 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.8%, based on the total weight of the film in terms of dry weight. 1 to 3% by weight can be mentioned.
- the amount of the gelling aid is also appropriately set according to the type of gelling agent used and the like. For example, it is preferably 0.05 to 10% by weight, more preferably, based on the total weight of the film in terms of dry weight. May be 0.1 to 3% by weight.
- the hard capsule of the present invention contains a coloring agent such as a dye or a pigment, an opacifying agent, a fragrance, a surfactant such as sodium lauryl sulfate, etc. It can add suitably in the range which does not prevent the effect of this invention. These compounding amounts are appropriately selected within a range in which hard capsules can be produced.
- the thickness of the hard capsule film is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the function as a hard capsule, but is generally about 0.01 to 5 mm, preferably about 0.05 to 1 mm, more preferably about 0.05 to 0.5 mm. It is.
- Production method Examples of the production method of the hard capsule of the present invention provided with the above-mentioned film include an injection molding method and a dipping method.
- the method is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of forming a hard capsule, and the same method as a normal hard gelatin capsule forming method can be used.
- the dipping method is a method for producing a capsule using the fact that a hard capsule base gels due to a temperature difference.
- the base does not have gelling ability, it can be produced by adding the above gelling agent and, if necessary, a gelling aid.
- the preparation of the capsule preparation liquid there is no particular limitation on the order of dissolving the various components dissolved in the preparation liquid.
- Hard capsule The hard capsule of this invention should just be provided with the said membrane
- the type of contents to be filled is not particularly limited, but the hard capsule of the present invention is particularly suitable for filling a poorly soluble drug-dissolving solvent or for filling a medicinal ingredient that has been considered to adversely affect stability. Preferably used.
- the hard capsules of the present invention exhibit superior low moisture properties compared to conventional hard capsules (eg, gelatin capsules).
- Low moisture property refers to the property of low moisture content under normal humidity (for example, 25 ° C. and 40% RH). If the hard capsule film contains a large amount of moisture, the moisture in the film may migrate to the drug and solvent filled in the capsule and the stability of the drug and solvent may deteriorate. It is preferable that
- the poorly soluble drug means a drug that is difficult to dissolve in water. Any of the "slightly soluble”, “hardly soluble”, “extremely insoluble”, and “almost insoluble” described in the 15th revision Japanese Pharmacopoeia. It may be true.
- the drug is solid, after making it into powder, put it in water and shake vigorously for 30 seconds every 5 minutes at 20 ⁇ 5 ° C, examine the degree of dissolution within 30 minutes, 1g or 1mL of drug If the amount of water required to dissolve 30 mL or more and less than 100 mL is “slightly soluble”, 100 mL or more and less than 1000 mL is “not easily soluble”, 1000 mL or more and less than 10000 mL is “extremely insoluble”, 10000 mL or more “Almost insoluble”.
- Examples of the hardly soluble drug-soluble solvent include polyethylene glycol and its derivatives, ether derivatives of diethylene glycol, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan
- Examples include fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbite fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene castor oil, medium chain fatty acids or salts thereof, and medium chain aliphatic alcohols.
- the polyethylene glycol is preferably a low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.
- the low molecular weight polyethylene glycol include polyethylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of 2000 or less (preferably 1500 or less, more preferably 1000 or less).
- PEG400 polyethylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of about 400
- the derivatives include fatty acid ester derivatives.
- the weight average molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is a value measured as follows. That is, take 42 g of phthalic anhydride, add it to a 1 L light-shielded stoppered bottle containing 300 mL of freshly distilled pyridine, dissolve by shaking vigorously, and leave it for 16 hours or more.
- Examples of medium chain fatty acids or salts thereof include fatty acids having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or salts thereof. Specific examples include caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid, and sodium and potassium salts thereof.
- examples of the medium chain aliphatic alcohol include aliphatic alcohols having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Specific examples include caproyl alcohol, capryl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, and the like.
- the solvent filled in the hard capsule of the present invention is not limited to the above, and a slightly soluble drug-dissolving solvent other than the above may be used, and a mixture of the above solvent and other known solvents may be used. Also good.
- the thickening agent is not particularly limited as long as it is described in a textbook of pharmaceutical sciences such as light anhydrous silicic acid, vegetable oil, cellulose derivative, or the like and generally used.
- the amount of the thickener added is, for example, preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the poorly soluble drug dissolving solvent.
- any drug can be used as long as it does not impair the function of the capsule, and it is not particularly limited.
- vitamins, antipyretics, analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-ulcer agents, cardiotonic agents, anticoagulants, hemostatic agents, bone resorption inhibitors, angiogenesis inhibitors, antidepressants, antitumor agents, antitussives Expectorant, muscle relaxant, antiepileptic agent, antiallergic agent, antiarrhythmic agent, vasodilator, antihypertensive diuretic, antidiabetic agent, antituberculosis agent, hormone agent, narcotic antagonist, antibacterial agent, antifungal agent, Examples include antiviral agents.
- a hard capsule of the present invention it is not particularly limited to these pharmacological action groups, and everything including a medicinal component having a relatively poor solubility in water is a filling target of the hard capsule of the present invention.
- dissolved in water after making it melt
- a hard capsule may be directly filled with a powder or granule drug.
- the hard capsule of the present invention is preferably used even when it is filled with a hardly soluble active substance.
- filling the hard capsules of the present invention with additives used for ordinary hard capsules, such as lactose and starches, is not limited at all.
- the form of the content to be filled is not particularly limited, and may be any of liquid, suspension, powder, granule, paste, semi-solid, ointment, cream or the like.
- capsules can be added to the hard capsule of the present invention as necessary.
- leakage of the contents, dissipation, etc. can be prevented by sealing the mating portion of the capsule cap and body with, for example, the same material as the capsule film. It can also be sealed with polyvinylpyrrolidone.
- Specific examples of the sealing method include a band sealing method.
- the hard capsule of the present invention can be used as an inhalant and a rectal preparation in addition to the oral administration preparation.
- drugs for medical use they can also be used in the field of animal or plant medicine, cosmetics, and food. Furthermore, it can be used for the purpose of simplifying these operations by filling a reagent for quantitative or synthesis.
- % means “% by weight” unless otherwise specified.
- “addition concentration” in the table indicates the weight (in terms of dry weight) of the compound (B) of the present invention relative to the total weight of the film.
- the “No. 3 size” of the capsule refers to a capsule having a capsule volume of 0.3 mL, a capsule weight of 0.05 g, a capsule major axis of 1.6 cm, and a capsule minor axis of 0.6 cm.
- Example B The mannitol / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example B is about 1/10.
- capsules of Examples C to I were prepared in the same manner except that the type and amount of the additive were changed.
- Example C a hard capsule of the same size was prepared in the same manner as in (1) above, and this hard capsule was designated as “Example C”.
- the glycerin / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example C is about 0.1 / 10.
- Example D a hard capsule of the same size was prepared in the same manner as in (1) above, and this hard capsule was designated as “Example D”.
- the glycerin / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example D is about 0.2 / 10.
- Example E The glycerin / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example E is about 0.5 / 10.
- Example F a hard capsule of the same size was prepared in the same manner as in (1) above, and this hard capsule was designated as “Example F”.
- the glycerin / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example F is about 1/10.
- Example G a hard capsule of the same size was produced in the same manner as in (1) above, and this hard capsule was designated as “Example G”.
- the triacetin / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example G is about 0.2 / 10.
- Example H A hard capsule of the same size was prepared in the same manner as in (1) above except that 1.75 g of triacetin was added instead of 3.5 g of sorbitol, and this hard capsule was designated as “Example H”.
- the triacetin / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example H is about 0.5 / 10.
- Example I A hard capsule of the same size was prepared in the same manner as in (1) above except that 3.5 g of triacetin was added instead of 3.5 g of sorbitol, and this hard capsule was designated as “Example I”.
- the triacetin / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example I is about 1/10.
- Example J 7.0 g of triacetin was added instead of 3.5 g of sorbitol, and a hard capsule of the same size was prepared in the same manner as in (1) above, and this hard capsule was designated as “Example J”.
- the triacetin / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example J is about 2/10.
- Example K 1.75 g of triethyl citrate was added instead of 3.5 g of sorbitol, and a hard capsule of the same size was prepared in the same manner as in (1) above, and this hard capsule was designated as “Example K”.
- the triethyl citrate / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example K is about 0.5 / 10.
- Example L a hard capsule of the same size was prepared in the same manner as in (1) above. This hard capsule was designated as “Example L”.
- the triethyl citrate / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example L is about 1/10.
- Example M A hard capsule of the same size was prepared in the same manner as in (1) above except that 1.0 g of propylene glycol was added instead of 3.5 g of sorbitol, and this hard capsule was designated as “Example M”.
- the propylene glycol / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example M is about 0.3 / 10.
- Example N A hard capsule of the same size was prepared in the same manner as in (1) above except that 3.5 g of propylene glycol was added instead of 3.5 g of sorbitol, and this hard capsule was designated as “Example N”.
- the propylene glycol / PVA copolymer (weight ratio) in Example N is about 1/10.
- control product A a fifteenth revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia gelatin capsule having the same size (No. 3 size) as the above (1) was used as “control product A”.
- control product B a hard capsule of the same size was prepared in the same manner as in the above (1) except that 3.5 g of sorbitol was not added, and this hard capsule was designated as “control product B”.
- Hard capsule solubility test The solubility of the empty hard capsule obtained by the above method was tested by the method described in the purity test of the "capsule" section of the 15th revision Japanese Pharmacopoeia. . Specifically, the hard capsule is separated into a cap and a body, and one hard capsule (a pair of cap and body) is added to 50 mL of water at 37 ⁇ 2 ° C. and stirred occasionally to allow time for complete dissolution. It was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the moisture value of the hard capsule of the present invention is considerably lower than that of the gelatin capsule and is almost the same as that of the control product B, the low moisture property is not impaired by the addition of the compound (B) of the present invention. Was also confirmed.
- the capsules of the present invention hardly change in appearance even when filled with PEG400, no cracks are observed, and can be formulated without any practical problems. It was.
- the capsule of the present invention has impact resistance comparable to that of conventional gelatin capsules.
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- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
項1.
(A)ポリビニルアルコール及び/又はその誘導体の存在下、一般式[1]
H2C=C(R1)-COOR2 [1]
〔式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基を示し、R2は水素原子または1~4個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を示す。〕
で表される少なくとも1種の重合性ビニル単量体を重合又は共重合した重合体又は共重合体、及び、
(B)(B-1)多価アルコール、(B-2)多価アルコールと炭素数1~5のカルボン酸とのエステル、及び(B-3)多価カルボン酸と炭素数1~5アルコールとのエステル、からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物
を含む皮膜を備えた硬カプセル。
項2.
前記(B)の化合物において、多価アルコールがソルビトール、マンニトール、グリセリン及びプロピレングリコールからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であり、多価カルボン酸がクエン酸である、項1に記載の硬カプセル。
項3.
前記(B)の化合物が、グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、トリアセチン及びクエン酸トリエチルからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である、項1又は2に記載の硬カプセル。
項4.
前記(A)の重合体又は共重合体10重量部に対し、前記(B)の化合物0.1~2重量部が含まれる、項1~3のいずれかに記載の硬カプセル。
項5.
下記(a)~(g)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つを充填するための、項1~4のいずれかに記載の硬カプセル。
(a)重量平均分子量が2000以下のポリエチレングリコールまたはその誘導体、
(b)ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル
(c)炭素数が6から12の脂肪酸またはその塩
(d)ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油
(e)ジエチレングリコールのエーテル誘導体
(f)炭素数が6から12の脂肪族アルコール
(g)ポリオキシエチレンソルビット脂肪酸エステル
項6.
皮膜が、さらに(C)ゲル化剤を含む項1~5のいずれかに記載の硬カプセル。
項7.
(A)が、ポリビニルアルコールの存在下で、少なくとも1種の重合性ビニル単量体を重合又は共重合した重合体又は共重合体である項1~6のいずれかに記載の硬カプセル。
項8.
(A)におけるポリビニルアルコールの誘導体が、末端にチオール基を有しているポリビニルアルコールである項1~6のいずれかに記載の硬カプセル。
項9.
(A)における重合性ビニル単量体が、アクリル酸又はメタクリル酸並びにメチルメタクリレートを含み、アクリル酸又はメタクリル酸が重合性ビニル単量体合計量の5から50重量%、メチルメタクリレートが重合性ビニル単量体合計量の50から95重量%である項1~8のいずれかに記載の硬カプセル。
項10.
(A)において、ポリビニルアルコール及び/又はその誘導体が20から95重量%、重合性ビニル単量体が5から80重量%である項1~9のいずれかに記載の硬カプセル。
項11.
項1~10のいずれかに記載の硬カプセルに、下記(a)~(g)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つが充填されてなる、硬カプセル剤。
(a)重量平均分子量が2000以下のポリエチレングリコールまたはその誘導体、
(b)ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル
(c)炭素数が6から12の脂肪酸またはその塩
(d)ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油
(e)ジエチレングリコールのエーテル誘導体
(f)炭素数が6から12の脂肪族アルコール
(g)ポリオキシエチレンソルビット脂肪酸エステル
項12.
(A)ポリビニルアルコール及び/又はその誘導体の存在下、一般式[1]
H2C=C(R1)-COOR2 [1]
〔式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基を示し、R2は水素原子または1~4個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を示す。〕
で表される少なくとも1種の重合性ビニル単量体を重合又は共重合した重合体又は共重合体、及び、
(B)(B-1)多価アルコール、(B-2)多価アルコールと炭素数1~5のカルボン酸とのエステル、及び(B-3)多価カルボン酸と炭素数1~5アルコールとのエステル、からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物
を含有する水溶液に、カプセル成形用ピンを浸積して引き上げ、当該成形用ピンに付着した前記水溶液を乾燥させて、皮膜を形成することを特徴とする項1~10のいずれかに記載の硬カプセルの皮膜の製造方法。
項13.
硬カプセルを製造するための、
(A)ポリビニルアルコール及び/又はその誘導体の存在下、一般式[1]
H2C=C(R1)-COOR2 [1]
〔式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基を示し、R2は水素原子または1~4個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を示す。〕
で表される少なくとも1種の重合性ビニル単量体を重合又は共重合した重合体又は共重合体、及び、
(B)(B-1)多価アルコール、(B-2)多価アルコールと炭素数1~5のカルボン酸とのエステル、及び(B-3)多価カルボン酸と炭素数1~5アルコールとのエステル、からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物
の使用。
項14.内容物が、さらに増粘剤を含んでいる項11に記載の硬カプセル剤。
本発明の硬カプセルは、皮膜に(A)ポリビニルアルコール及び/又はその誘導体の存在下、一般式[1]
H2C=C(R1)-COOR2 [1]
〔式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基を示し、R2は水素原子または1~4個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を示す。〕
で表される少なくとも1種の重合性ビニル単量体を重合又は共重合した重合体又は共重合体、及び、
(B)(B-1)多価アルコール、(B-2)多価アルコールと炭素数1~5のカルボン酸とのエステル、及び(B-3)多価カルボン酸と炭素数1~5アルコールとのエステル、からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物を含んでいることを必須の要件とする。
本発明において使用されるポリビニルアルコール(PVAともいう)およびその誘導体としては、PVAの完全ケン化物、中間ケン化物、部分ケン化物の他に、アミン変性PVA、エチレン変性PVA、末端チオール変性PVAなどの各種変性PVAが用いられる。
一般式[1]
H2C=C(R1)-COOR2 [1]
〔式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基を示し、R2は水素原子または1~4個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を示す。〕
で表される化合物である。
本発明の硬カプセルの皮膜は、更に上記(B)の化合物を含んでおり、これにより、皮膜の機械的強度が向上し、特に、相対湿度(RH)40%以下のような比較的低い湿度環境下における耐衝撃性が向上する。
皮膜には、上記(A)及び(B)以外の他の成分が含まれていてもよい。
上記皮膜を備えた本発明の硬カプセルの製造方法としては、射出成型法やディッピング法などが挙げられる。但し、硬カプセルが成型可能な方法ならば、特にこれらの方法に限定されるものではなく、通常の硬ゼラチンカプセル成型手法と同様の方法を用いることができる。
本発明の硬カプセルは、上記皮膜を備えたものであればよく、内容物が充填されたカプセル(カプセル剤)も含み、内容物が充填されていない空のカプセルも含む。
冷却還流管、滴下ロート、温度計、窒素導入管及び攪拌装置を取り付けたセパラブルフラスコにPVA(EG05、平均重合度500、けん化度88%、日本合成化学製)175.8g、イオン交換水582.3gを仕込み、常温で分散させた後95℃で完全溶解させた。次いでアクリル酸5.4g、メチルメタクリレート37.3gを添加し、窒素置換後50℃まで昇温した後、ターシャリーブチルハイドロパーオキサイド8.5g、エリソルビン酸ナトリウム8.5gを添加し4時間で反応を終了しPVA共重合体を得た。これを乾燥・粉砕してPVA共重合体粉末を得た。
(1)上記合成により得た共重合体を固形分として約17%の濃度に調製した水溶液210gに、ソルビトールを3.5g、カッパカラギーナン0.35gおよび塩化カリウム0.35gを添加して溶解させカプセル調製用原液とし、この溶液を約60℃に保温して室温のステンレス製のピンを浸漬し、引き上げ、膜厚約0.06から0.15mmの3号サイズの硬カプセルを製造した。この硬カプセルを「実施例A」とした。実施例A中のソルビトール/PVA共重合体(重量比)は約1/10である。
(1)硬カプセルの溶状試験
第十五改正日本薬局方の「カプセル」の項の純度試験に記載される方法により、上記方法により得た空の硬カプセルの溶解性を試験した。具体的には、硬カプセルをキャップ及びボディに分離し、硬カプセル1個(1対のキャップ及びボディ)を37±2℃の水50mLに加え、時々攪拌し、完全に溶解するまでの時間を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
対照品A、B及び上記実施例A~Nをそれぞれ30カプセルずつ用意し、恒温恒湿器にて25℃40%RHの条件下に3日間保管した時の耐衝撃強度を、図1に示す耐衝撃試験装置(カプセル硬度計;クオリカプス株式会社)を用いて測定した。すなわち、空カプセルの上5cmから50gの錘を垂直に落下させたときのカプセルの破損する個数を調べた。なお、当該錘は直方体であり、高さ4cm、横1.5cm、奥行き3cmである。また、目視により、ヒビが確認できるカプセルは破損した(割れた)と判断した。当該結果を表2に示す。
25℃40%RHの条件下に3日間保管された上記の硬カプセルそれぞれ3個について、キャップとボディに分離し質量を測定し、105℃の乾燥機にて2時間乾燥した。その後、デシケーター(シリカゲル)内で放冷、再度質量を測定し、乾燥前と乾燥後の質量差より水分値を算出した。すなわち、乾燥前の質量と乾燥後の質量との差を水分質量とし、水分質量が乾燥前の質量の何%にあたるかを算出して水分値とした。
対照品A、B及び実施例A~Nのカプセルをそれぞれ3個ずつ用意し、重量平均分子量400のポリエチレングリコール(以下、「PEG400」)を0.2mL充填し、20%のPVA共重合体水溶液を用いてバンドシールを施して封入し、40℃密栓条件下で7日間保存した後、カプセルの形状変化及び漏れなどの外観変化、並びに割れの有無を肉眼で確認することにより、溶剤充填時の安定性を調べた。なお、当該20%のPVA共重合体水溶液は、上記「1.PVA共重合体の合成」で得たPVA共重合体粉末の20重量%水溶液である。
○:外観変化なし。
△:僅かな外観変化を認めるものの実用上問題なし(充填物の漏れ無し)。
×:顕著な外観変化を生じ、実用上使用不可(充填物の漏れ有り)。
上記(1)~(4)の評価試験結果を表4に総括して示す。
Claims (8)
- (A)ポリビニルアルコール及び/又はその誘導体の存在下、一般式[1]
H2C=C(R1)-COOR2 [1]
〔式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基を示し、R2は水素原子または1~4個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を示す。〕
で表される少なくとも1種の重合性ビニル単量体を重合又は共重合した重合体又は共重合体、及び、
(B)(B-1)多価アルコール、(B-2)多価アルコールと炭素数1~5のカルボン酸とのエステル、及び(B-3)多価カルボン酸と炭素数1~5アルコールとのエステル、からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物
を含む皮膜を備えた硬カプセル。
- 前記(B)の化合物において、多価アルコールがソルビトール、マンニトール、グリセリン及びプロピレングリコールからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であり、多価カルボン酸がクエン酸である、請求項1に記載の硬カプセル。
- 前記(B)の化合物が、グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、トリアセチン及びクエン酸トリエチルからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1又は2に記載の硬カプセル。
- 前記(A)の重合体又は共重合体10重量部に対し、前記(B)の化合物0.1~2重量部が含まれる、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の硬カプセル。
- 下記(a)~(g)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つを充填するための、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の硬カプセル。
(a)重量平均分子量が2000以下のポリエチレングリコールまたはその誘導体、
(b)ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル
(c)炭素数が6から12の脂肪酸またはその塩
(d)ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油
(e)ジエチレングリコールのエーテル誘導体
(f)炭素数が6から12の脂肪族アルコール
(g)ポリオキシエチレンソルビット脂肪酸エステル
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の硬カプセルに、下記(a)~(g)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つが充填されてなる、硬カプセル剤。
(a)重量平均分子量が2000以下のポリエチレングリコールまたはその誘導体、
(b)ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル
(c)炭素数が6から12の脂肪酸またはその塩
(d)ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油
(e)ジエチレングリコールのエーテル誘導体
(f)炭素数が6から12の脂肪族アルコール
(g)ポリオキシエチレンソルビット脂肪酸エステル
- (A)ポリビニルアルコール及び/又はその誘導体の存在下、一般式[1]
H2C=C(R1)-COOR2 [1]
〔式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基を示し、R2は水素原子または1~4個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を示す。〕
で表される少なくとも1種の重合性ビニル単量体を重合又は共重合した重合体又は共重合体、及び、
(B)(B-1)多価アルコール、(B-2)多価アルコールと炭素数1~5のカルボン酸とのエステル、及び(B-3)多価カルボン酸と炭素数1~5アルコールとのエステル、からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物
を含有する水溶液に、カプセル成形用ピンを浸積して引き上げ、当該成形用ピンに付着した前記水溶液を乾燥させて、皮膜を形成することを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の硬カプセルの皮膜の製造方法。
- 硬カプセルを製造するための、
(A)ポリビニルアルコール及び/又はその誘導体の存在下、一般式[1]
H2C=C(R1)-COOR2 [1]
〔式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基を示し、R2は水素原子または1~4個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を示す。〕
で表される少なくとも1種の重合性ビニル単量体を重合又は共重合した重合体又は共重合体、及び、
(B)(B-1)多価アルコール、(B-2)多価アルコールと炭素数1~5のカルボン酸とのエステル、及び(B-3)多価カルボン酸と炭素数1~5アルコールとのエステル、からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物
の使用。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/138,255 US20110280937A1 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-02-12 | Hard capsule |
CN201080005235XA CN102292110A (zh) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-02-12 | 硬胶囊 |
CA2751703A CA2751703A1 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-02-12 | Hard capsule |
JP2010550561A JPWO2010093020A1 (ja) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-02-12 | 硬カプセル |
EP10741297A EP2397160A1 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-02-12 | Hard capsule |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2009-031370 | 2009-02-13 | ||
JP2009031370 | 2009-02-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010093020A1 true WO2010093020A1 (ja) | 2010-08-19 |
Family
ID=42561860
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2010/052091 WO2010093020A1 (ja) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-02-12 | 硬カプセル |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110280937A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2397160A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2010093020A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102292110A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2751703A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010093020A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2011105534A1 (ja) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | 日新化成株式会社 | 硬カプセルおよびその製造方法 |
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US9642933B2 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2017-05-09 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Compositions comprising bioadhesives and methods of making the same |
WO2014107501A1 (en) | 2013-01-04 | 2014-07-10 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Compositions comprising citrate and applications thereof |
US9630713B1 (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-04-25 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Unmanned aerial vehicle with adjustable aiming component |
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WO2002017892A2 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2002-03-07 | Novartis Nutrition Ag | Water-dispersible encapsulated sterols |
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-
2010
- 2010-02-12 US US13/138,255 patent/US20110280937A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-02-12 EP EP10741297A patent/EP2397160A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-02-12 WO PCT/JP2010/052091 patent/WO2010093020A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-02-12 CA CA2751703A patent/CA2751703A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-02-12 JP JP2010550561A patent/JPWO2010093020A1/ja active Pending
- 2010-02-12 CN CN201080005235XA patent/CN102292110A/zh active Pending
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2011105534A1 (ja) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | 日新化成株式会社 | 硬カプセルおよびその製造方法 |
JPWO2011105534A1 (ja) * | 2010-02-26 | 2013-06-20 | 日新化成株式会社 | 硬カプセルおよびその製造方法 |
US8900628B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2014-12-02 | Nisshin Kasei Co., Ltd. | Hard capsule and method for producing same |
JP5705206B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-26 | 2015-04-22 | 日新化成株式会社 | 硬カプセルおよびその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2397160A1 (en) | 2011-12-21 |
CA2751703A1 (en) | 2010-08-19 |
US20110280937A1 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
JPWO2010093020A1 (ja) | 2012-08-16 |
CN102292110A (zh) | 2011-12-21 |
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