WO2010084755A1 - スパークプラグ - Google Patents
スパークプラグ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010084755A1 WO2010084755A1 PCT/JP2010/000327 JP2010000327W WO2010084755A1 WO 2010084755 A1 WO2010084755 A1 WO 2010084755A1 JP 2010000327 W JP2010000327 W JP 2010000327W WO 2010084755 A1 WO2010084755 A1 WO 2010084755A1
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- electrode tip
- electrode
- weight
- spark plug
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P13/00—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the composition of an electrode tip provided at the tip of an electrode of a spark plug.
- the present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems described above, and it is an object of the present invention to improve the spark consumption and reliability of an electrode tip using Pd.
- the present invention can take the following forms or application examples in order to solve at least a part of the problems described above.
- the electrode tip is The main component is Pd, and the content of Pd is more than 40% by weight, At least one element of iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and iron (Fe) is contained, and in the case of containing Ir, the content of Ir is 0.5% by weight or more and 20% by weight
- Ir iridium
- Ni nickel
- Co cobalt
- Fe iron
- the spark plug in the application example 1 it is possible to obtain a characteristic excellent in spark consumption and less likely to cause peeling and cracking while using a material containing Pd as an electrode tip.
- the spark plug according to Application Example 1 is,
- the electrode tip is A spark plug containing 0.05% by weight or more and 0.5% by weight or less of one of titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), and a rare earth element. In this way, it is possible to obtain more excellent spark erosion properties and less peeling and cracking.
- the spark plug according to Application Example 1 or Application Example 2 is,
- the electrode tip is A spark plug, wherein a content of an element different from Pd, Ir, Ni, Co, Fe, Ti, Zr, Hf, and a rare earth element is 0% by weight or more and 0.2% by weight or less. By so doing, it is possible to obtain more excellent spark erosion properties and less peeling and cracking.
- the spark plug according to any one of Application Examples 1 to 3 The electrode tip is A spark plug in which the content of remaining oxygen is 0 ppm or more and 300 ppm or less. In this way, it is possible to obtain the characteristic that sweat and electrode short circuits are less likely to occur.
- the spark plug according to any one of application examples 1 to 4 further includes: The spark plug, wherein the electrode is Ni or an alloy containing Ni as a main component, and a content of silicon (Si) element is 3% by weight or less. In this way, it is possible to obtain a characteristic that is less likely to cause sweating.
- the present invention can be realized in various aspects.
- a method of manufacturing a spark plug, a method of manufacturing an electrode tip provided on an electrode of a spark plug, and the like can be realized in the form of an electrode tip material of a spark plug or the like.
- 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a spark plug according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged view of tip part vicinity of the center electrode of a spark plug. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the junction part of an electrode tip and an electrode.
- 6 is a table showing compositions of electrode tip members used in Examples 1 to 28 and evaluation results thereof. 6 is a table showing compositions of electrode tip members used in Comparative Examples 1 to 7 and evaluation results thereof. 6 is a table showing compositions of electrode tip members used in Examples 29 to 40 and evaluation results thereof.
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a spark plug 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the axial direction OD of the spark plug 100 is referred to as the vertical direction in the drawing, and the lower side is described as the front end side of the spark plug 100 and the upper side as the rear end side.
- the spark plug 100 includes an insulator 10, a metal shell 50, a center electrode 20, a ground electrode 30, and a terminal metal 40.
- the center electrode 20 is held in the insulator 10 so as to extend in the axial direction OD.
- the insulator 10 functions as an insulator, and the metal shell 50 holds the insulator 10.
- the terminal fitting 40 is provided at the rear end portion of the insulator 10. The configurations of the center electrode 20 and the ground electrode 30 will be described in detail in FIG.
- the insulator 10 is formed by firing alumina or the like, and has a cylindrical shape in which an axial hole 12 extending in the axial direction OD is formed at the axial center.
- a flange portion 19 having the largest outer diameter is formed substantially at the center of the axial direction OD, and a rear end side body portion 18 is formed at the rear end side (upper side in FIG. 1).
- a distal end side body portion 17 having an outer diameter smaller than that of the rear end side body portion 18 is formed on the distal end side (lower side in FIG. 1) than the flange portion 19 and further on the distal end side than the distal end side body portion 17
- a long leg portion 13 whose outer diameter is smaller than that of the front end side body portion 17 is formed.
- the leg length portion 13 is reduced in diameter toward the tip end side, and is exposed to the combustion chamber when the spark plug 100 is attached to the engine head 200 of the internal combustion engine.
- a step 15 is formed between the long leg 13 and the front end side body 17.
- the metal shell 50 is a cylindrical metal fitting formed of a low carbon steel material, and fixes the spark plug 100 to the engine head 200 of the internal combustion engine.
- the metal shell 50 holds the insulator 10 inside, and the insulator 10 is surrounded by the metal shell 50 from a part from the rear end body 18 to the leg length 13.
- the metal shell 50 further includes a tool engaging portion 51 and a mounting screw portion 52.
- the tool engagement portion 51 is a portion to which a spark plug wrench (not shown) is fitted.
- the mounting screw portion 52 of the metal shell 50 is a portion where a screw thread is formed, and is screwed into the mounting screw hole 201 of the engine head 200 provided on the upper portion of the internal combustion engine.
- a hook-shaped seal portion 54 is formed between the tool engaging portion 51 of the metal shell 50 and the mounting screw portion 52.
- An annular gasket 5 formed by bending a plate is fitted in a screw neck 59 between the mounting screw portion 52 and the seal portion 54.
- the gasket 5 is crushed and deformed between the bearing surface 55 of the seal portion 54 and the opening peripheral portion 205 of the mounting screw hole 201.
- the spark plug 100 and the engine head 200 are sealed, and the airtightness in the engine through the mounting screw hole 201 is secured.
- a thin crimped portion 53 is provided on the rear end side of the metal shell 50 with respect to the tool engagement portion 51. Further, similarly to the caulking portion 53, a thin buckling portion 58 is provided between the seal portion 54 and the tool engagement portion 51. Annular ring members 6 and 7 are interposed between the inner peripheral surface from the tool engaging portion 51 of the metal shell 50 to the caulking portion 53 and the outer peripheral surface of the rear end side body portion 18 of the insulator 10. It is done. Furthermore, powder of talc (talc) is filled between the two ring members 6 and 7. When the crimped portion 53 is crimped so as to be bent inward, the insulator 10 is pressed toward the front end side in the metal shell 50 via the ring members 6 and 7 and the talc 9.
- the step portion 15 of the insulator 10 is supported by the step portion 56 formed on the inner periphery of the metal shell 50, and the metal shell 50 and the insulator 10 are integrated.
- the airtightness between the metal shell 50 and the insulator 10 is held by the annular plate packing 8 interposed between the step portion 15 of the insulator 10 and the step portion 56 of the metal shell 50, and the combustion is performed. Outflow of gas is prevented.
- the buckling portion 58 is configured to be flexed and deformed outward with the application of a compressive force when caulking, and the compression stroke of the talc 9 is obtained to improve the airtightness in the metal shell 50. .
- a clearance C of a predetermined size is provided between the insulator 10 and the tip end side of the stepped portion 56 of the metal shell 50.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the tip 22 of the center electrode 20 of the spark plug 100.
- the center electrode 20 is a rod-like electrode having a structure in which the core material 25 is embedded in the inside of the electrode base material 21.
- the electrode base material 21 is formed of nickel (Ni) such as Inconel (trade name) 600 or 601 or an alloy based on Ni.
- the core material 25 is formed of copper (Cu), which is superior in thermal conductivity to the electrode base material 21, or an alloy containing Cu as a main component.
- the center electrode 20 is manufactured by packing the core material 25 in the inside of the electrode base material 21 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and performing extrusion molding from the bottom side and drawing it.
- the core material 25 has a substantially constant outer diameter at the body portion, but is formed in a tapered shape at the tip end side. Further, the center electrode 20 is extended toward the rear end in the shaft hole 12 and electrically connected to the terminal fitting 40 (FIG. 1) via the seal body 4 and the ceramic resistor 3 (FIG. 1). It is done. A high voltage cable (not shown) is connected to the terminal fitting 40 via a plug cap (not shown) and a high voltage is applied.
- the tip 22 of the center electrode 20 protrudes further than the tip 11 of the insulator 10.
- a center electrode tip 90 is bonded to the end surface of the end portion 22 of the center electrode 20.
- the center electrode tip 90 has a substantially cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction OD. The specific composition of the center electrode tip 90 will be described later.
- the ground electrode 30 is formed of a highly corrosion resistant metal, for example, a Ni alloy such as Inconel (trade name) 600 or 601.
- the base 32 of the ground electrode 30 is joined to the front end surface 57 of the metal shell 50 by welding. Further, the ground electrode 30 is bent, and the tip end portion 33 of the ground electrode 30 faces the end surface 92 of the center electrode tip 90.
- a ground electrode tip 95 is joined to the tip end portion 33 of the ground electrode 30.
- the end face 96 of the ground electrode tip 95 faces the end face 92 of the center electrode tip 90.
- the ground electrode tip 95 can be formed of the same material as the center electrode tip 90.
- the center electrode 20 and the ground electrode 30 are collectively referred to as “electrodes 20 and 30”, and the ground electrode tip 95 and the center electrode tip 90 are collectively referred to as “electrode tips 90 and 95”.
- a spark discharge gap G mm
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the joint between the electrode tips 90 and 95 and the electrodes 20 and 30. As shown in FIG. Note that FIG. 3 shows an example in which the electrode tips 90, 95 are directly welded to the electrodes 20, 30.
- the electrode tips 90, 95 are formed of an alloy mainly composed of Pd, that is, an alloy containing most Pd by weight.
- the electrode tips 90 and 95 and the electrodes 20 and 30 are joined by, for example, laser welding, and a laser melting portion 120 is formed in FIG.
- the laser melting portion 120 is formed when welding the center electrode tips 90, 95 to the electrodes 20, 30, and therefore contains the metal components of both the center electrode tips 90, 95 and the electrodes 20, 30.
- the electrode tips 90 and 95 and the center electrodes 20 and 30 may be joined by resistance welding.
- the material of the electrode tips 90, 95 preferably contains more than 40% by weight of Pd. This is because Pd is cheaper than Pt, so an electrode containing a large amount of Pd is desired.
- the electrode tip material preferably further contains iridium (Ir) in an amount of 0.5% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less.
- Ir iridium
- the addition of Ir raises the melting point of the electrode tip material, and improves the resistance to spark erosion. This is because the melting point is increased, so that the sputtering rate of the electrode tip material is reduced, and grain growth due to temperature rise during operation in the internal combustion engine is suppressed. It is known that as the melting point of the electrode tip material is higher, the spark erosion resistance is improved.
- the sputtering rate is the number of atoms of the sample solid that is sputtered off when one ion hits the solid surface. It is known that as the electrode tip material has a lower sputtering rate, spark consumption improves. Grain growth causes cracking at grain boundaries. With electrode materials, it is known that if the degree of grain growth when operating in an internal combustion engine is large, it causes peeling and cracking.
- Ir and Pd are all solid solutions, the melting point becomes higher as the addition amount is larger, the effect of decreasing the sputtering rate is large, and it is preferable that the content is 0.5% by weight or more.
- Ir and Pd are completely solid solution, spinodal decomposition occurs.
- Pd is 37% by weight
- a two-phase region of Ir solid solution + Pd solid solution exists at 1482 ° C. or less.
- the electrode tip material becomes brittle due to this two-phase separation, and it is easy for cracking and peeling to occur due to the thermal cycle when operating in an internal combustion engine.
- the electrode tip material in which two-phase separation has occurred causes a decrease in processability, and there is a possibility that productivity may be significantly reduced.
- the addition amount of Ir is preferably 20% by weight or less. Further, from the experimental results, the addition amount of Ir is more preferably 5% by weight or more, further preferably 12% by weight or more, and more preferably 16% by weight or less.
- the electrode tip material at least one of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and iron (Fe), together with or instead of Ir, is 0.5 weight per one kind of element. % Or more and 40% by weight or less is preferable, and 5% by weight or more and 35% by weight or less is more preferable. Since Ni, Co, and Fe are elements with a small sputtering rate, the spark erosion resistance of the electrode tip material can be improved. Further, the electrode tips 90 and 95 of the present embodiment are joined to the electrodes 20 and 30 of Ni or an alloy containing Ni as a main component. The difference in thermal expansion coefficient between Pd and Ni is about 3 ppm (parts per million) / ° C. at room temperature.
- the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between the electrode tips 90, 95 and the electrodes 20, 30 decreases, so the bondability between the electrode tips 90, 95 and the electrodes 20, 30 Improve.
- the heat cycle resistance (peel resistance) of the spark plug 100 can be improved.
- Ni, Co, and Fe are added in excess of 40% by weight, the melting point of the electrode tip material is significantly reduced.
- Ni, Co and Fe are added in excess of 40% by weight, oxidation of Ni, Co and Fe elements occurs.
- Ni, Co, and Fe are added in excess of 40% by weight, the deterioration of refractory flowering occurs.
- the temperature of the electrode tip material in the internal combustion engine is close to 1000 ° C., and considering the spark energy due to the spark, the melting point of the electrode tip material is preferably 1100 ° C. or more. Is considered to be lacking.
- the total amount thereof preferably does not exceed 60% by weight.
- Pd is preferably 40% by weight or more.
- the electrode tip material preferably further contains titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), or a rare earth element in an amount of 0.05% by weight or more and 0.5% by weight or less, and 0.2 More preferably, it is contained in an amount of not less than 0.5% by weight.
- Sc scandium
- yttrium Y
- lanthanum La
- Ce cerium
- Pr praseodymium
- Nd neodymium
- promethium Pm
- Sm samarium
- Eu eurobium
- Gadolium Gadolium
- Tb terbium
- Dy dysprosium
- Ho holmium
- Er erbium
- Tm thulium
- Yb utium
- Grain growth during operation of the internal combustion engine can be suppressed by adding Ti, Zr, Hf, and a rare earth element to the electrode tip material.
- the heat cycle resistance of the electrode tips 90 and 95 is improved. If the content of Ti, Zr, Hf and rare earth elements is less than 0.05% by weight, the effect is poor.
- the content of Ti, Zr, Hf, and rare earth elements exceeds 0.5% by weight, an oxide is formed at the bonding interface or grain boundary interface with the electrodes 20, 30 formed of Ni or an alloy containing Ni as a main component. Is more likely to be generated. There is a possibility that the durability of the electrode tips 90 and 95 may be deteriorated by the oxide thereof.
- Ti, Zr, Hf, and a rare earth element may be added singly or as an oxide. Even when added as an oxide, if less than 0.05% by weight, the effect is poor similarly, and if it exceeds 0.5% by weight, bonding with the electrodes 20 and 30 formed of Ni or an alloy containing Ni as a main component Oxides may aggregate at the interface to reduce weld strength and to significantly deteriorate processability.
- the electrode tip material preferably has 0.2% by weight or less of unavoidable impurities at the time of production.
- the unavoidable impurities are substances that remain in the final electrode tip material by being mixed into the raw materials or being mixed in the manufacturing process, even though they are not intentionally mixed during manufacturing. is there.
- an unavoidable impurity boron (B), sodium (Na), aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), barium (Ba), oxygen (O) is mentioned, for example.
- Unavoidable impurities are aggregated at the grain boundaries of the electrode tip material during operation in the internal combustion engine to draw oxygen therein to promote oxidative consumption. At the same time, the inevitable impurities may cause intergranular oxidation, which may cause intergranular cracking. Therefore, 0.2% by weight or less is preferable.
- the electrode tip material preferably contains 300 ppm (parts per million) or less of oxygen contained as an unavoidable impurity at the time of production.
- concentration of dissolved oxygen in the electrode tip material is a phenomenon in which the electrode tip material partially melts when operating in an internal combustion engine. Perspiration may cause a defect such as a short circuit between the center electrode tip 90 of the center electrode 20 and the ground electrode tip 95 of the ground electrode 30.
- the mechanism of sweating is considered as follows.
- moisture generated by combustion is decomposed, or hydrogen is generated by thermal decomposition of a fuel.
- the generated hydrogen diffuses into the electrode tip material.
- Pd has a very high hydrogen solubility and permeability when compared to Pt.
- hydrogen and the oxygen dissolved in Pd may react to generate water vapor inside the electrode tip material.
- the generation of water vapor causes expansion and internal oxidation of the electrode tip material, and the water vapor dissociates into hydrogen and oxygen under reducing conditions.
- the electrode tip material becomes a spongy structure, resulting in poor heat buildup, resulting in overheating and melting and perspiration.
- the dissolved oxygen amount 300 ppm or less As described above.
- the base material preferably has a Si element content of 3% by weight or less.
- the base material material is formed of Ni or an alloy containing Ni as a main component, but Al, Cr, and Si elements are added to the base material material in order to improve oxidation resistance. May be These elements are diffused to the electrode tips 90 and 95 in a high temperature environment during operation of the internal combustion engine.
- Si causes a eutectic reaction at relatively low temperature with respect to Pd.
- Si has a very small amount of solid solution with respect to Pd, a small amount of diffusion causes a eutectic reaction.
- the eutectic temperature of Pd and Si is 821 ° C.
- the eutectic temperature is exceeded at a final temperature of approximately 1100 ° C. of the electrode tips 90 and 95 assumed during operation in an internal combustion engine, and a liquid phase partially occurs in the electrode tip material.
- a liquid phase is generated in the electrode tip material, there is a risk that spark erosion resistance deterioration, intergranular oxidation, cracking due to grain coarsening, perspiration may occur, and the durability of the electrode tips 90, 95 may be significantly impaired.
- the electrode tip material in this embodiment be used by bonding to an electrode base material having a Si content of 3% by weight or less.
- Example 2 In order to confirm the effect of the present embodiment, a plurality of spark plug samples were prepared and an evaluation test was performed. The contents of the evaluation test and the evaluation criteria will be described later.
- the ground electrode tip 95 was made of a plurality of types of electrode tip materials
- the ground electrode 30 was made of a plurality of types of base material materials.
- the electrode tip material was produced by a dissolution method in which a predetermined additive element (Ir, Ni, Co, Fe, Ti, Hf, Zr, Y) was blended in a predetermined ratio with Pd metal and dissolved.
- the electrode tip material was formed as a cylindrical ground electrode tip 95 having a diameter of 0.9 mm and a height of 0.6 mm.
- the amount of unavoidable impurities in the electrode tip material was measured by glow discharge mass spectrometry (GS-MS).
- the dissolved oxygen content of the electrode tip material was measured by dissolving the electrode tip material in an inert gas by heating and analyzing it by non-dispersive infrared absorption method (NDIR: Non-Dispersive Infrared method).
- the dissolution method was performed by arc dissolution in an argon (Ar) atmosphere, and the dissolved oxygen amount of the electrode tip material was adjusted by adjusting the oxygen content level in Ar gas introduced at this time.
- the amount of unavoidable impurities was adjusted by adjusting the purity of the additive element.
- FIG. 4 is a table showing the compositions of the electrode tip members used in Examples 1 to 28 and the evaluation results thereof.
- FIG. 5 is a table showing the compositions of the electrode tip members used in Comparative Examples 1 to 7 and the evaluation results thereof.
- the dissolved oxygen amount of the electrode tip material was adjusted to 200 ppm.
- mm Inconel 601 commercially available material: Si content 0.2% by weight was used.
- each sample is mounted on an engine of 6 cylinders (2800 cc displacement), the throttle is fully opened, held at 5500 rpm for 1 minute, and then idling 1 A real machine operation was performed in which a cycle of operation conditions of holding for a minute was repeated for 300 hours. After the operation of the actual machine, the fire resistance, peeling, and cracking of the ground electrode tip 95 of each sample were evaluated.
- the degree of cracking, peeling and grain growth was confirmed by observation of the surface and cross section with a magnifying glass and a metallurgical microscope.
- the amount of consumption of the electrode was calculated by measuring the thickness of the ground electrode tip 95 shown in FIG. 3 from observation of a cross section before and after operation of the actual machine with a metallographic microscope, and calculating the difference.
- the minute cracks and peeling were those in which the amount of penetration of the cracks in the cross section or the amount of peeling was within 0.1 mm.
- the small peeling / cracking means that the penetration amount of the crack in the cross section or the peeling amount exceeds 0.1 mm and is within 0.2 mm. For large peeling and cracking, the amount of penetration of the cracks in the cross section or the amount of peeling exceeded 0.2 mm.
- an electrode tip material containing 40% by weight or more of Pd and at least one of Ni, Co, and Fe added at 0.5% by weight or more and 40% by weight or less per one kind of element is used, the refractory flower It is understood that an electrode tip which is excellent in wear resistance and less likely to be cracked and peeled off can be obtained.
- at least one of Ni, Co, and Fe is contained in an amount of 5% by weight or more and 35% by weight or less per one kind of element, an electrode tip is obtained that is more excellent in spark erosion resistance and less likely to cause cracking or peeling. Understand that
- the addition amount of the element per one kind is within the above range.
- it contains 40% by weight or more of Pd it is understood that an electrode tip which is relatively excellent in spark erosion resistance and hardly causes cracking and peeling can be obtained.
- the resistance to fire resistance is more excellent, and cracking and peeling It can be seen that an electrode tip that is less likely to cause
- the electrode tip material when the content of unavoidable impurities such as B, Na, Al, Si, and Ba is suppressed to 0.2% by weight or less, the electrode tip has excellent resistance to spark erosion and is less likely to cause cracking or peeling. It is understood that it can be obtained.
- FIG. 6 is a table showing the compositions of the electrode tip members used in Examples 29 to 40 and the evaluation results thereof.
- the main purpose was to evaluate the influence of the dissolved oxygen amount of the electrode tip material on the performance and the influence of the Si content in the base material forming the ground electrode 30 on the performance. Therefore, the ground electrode tip 95 is manufactured using a plurality of types of electrode tip materials different in dissolved oxygen amount, and a ground electrode 30 is manufactured using a Ni-Si alloy having a content of a plurality of types of Si as a base electrode. Made.
- each sample is mounted on a six-cylinder (2800 cc displacement) engine and the throttle is fully opened at 5500 rpm as in the above Examples 1 to 28 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7. After holding for one minute, an operation condition cycle of holding for one minute at idling was repeated for 300 hours. After operation of the actual machine, cracking and sweating of the ground electrode tip 95 of each sample were evaluated. The cracks were evaluated by the evaluation method as described above, and perspiration was visually confirmed on the surface using a magnifying glass. In the evaluation, those with no cracks were evaluated as excellent " ⁇ ", and those with small cracks were evaluated as acceptable " ⁇ ". Also, in the evaluation, those with no perspiration were regarded as excellent " ⁇ ", and those with some perspiration were considered as acceptable " ⁇ ".
- the ground electrode 30 for bonding the ground electrode tip 95 using an electrode tip material mainly composed of Pd when using a material in which the Si content is adjusted to 3.0% by weight or less, the ground electrode tip 95 is used. It is understood that the cracking of the
- the ground electrode 30 and the ground electrode tip 95 were evaluated because the temperature conditions and combustion conditions in the internal combustion engine were closer to the center of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and the ground electrode tip 95 Is more severe than the center electrode 20 and the center electrode tip 90. Therefore, when the electrode tip material and the base material of each of the embodiments described above are applied to the center electrode tip 90 and the center electrode 20, it can be easily understood that preferable results can be obtained from the above evaluation results.
- the center electrode tip 90 and the ground electrode tip 95 have been described as an example of the vertical discharge type spark plug 100 facing each other in the axial direction OD, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the present invention can be applied to a horizontal discharge type spark plug in which the center electrode tip 90 and the ground electrode tip 95 are opposed in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction OD.
- the positional relationship between the ground electrode tip 95 and the center electrode tip 90 can be appropriately set in accordance with the application of the spark plug, the required performance, and the like.
- a plurality of ground electrodes may be provided for one center electrode.
- the electrode tip material described above is used for both the center electrode tip 90 and the ground electrode tip 95, it may be used for only one of the center electrode tip 90 and the ground electrode tip 95.
- the ground electrode tip 95 described above has a flat tip shape, it may have a substantially cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction OD.
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Abstract
Description
前記電極チップは、
Pdを主成分とし、Pdの含有量が40重量%より多く、
イリジウム(Ir)、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)、鉄(Fe)のうちの少なくとも1つの元素を含有し、Irを含有する場合にはIrの含有量が0.5重量%以上20重量%以下であり、Ni、Co、Feを含有する場合は1つの元素の含有量が0.5重量%以上40重量%以下である、スパークプラグ。
前記電極チップは、
チタン(Ti)、ジルコニウム(Zr)、ハフニウム(Hf)、希土類元素のうちのいずれかの元素を0.05重量%以上0.5重量%以下含む、スパークプラグ。
こうすれば、より、火花消耗性に優れ、剥離・割れの生じにくい特性を得ることができる。
適用例1または適用例2に記載のスパークプラグであって、
前記電極チップは、
Pd、Ir、Ni、Co、Fe、Ti、Zr、Hf、希土類とは異なる元素の含有量が0重量%以上0.2重量%以下である、スパークプラグ。
こうすれば、より火花消耗性に優れ、剥離・割れの生じにくい特性を得ることができる。
適用例1ないし適用例3のいずれかに記載のスパークプラグであって、
前記電極チップは、
残存する酸素の含有量が0ppm以上300ppm以下である、スパークプラグ。
こうすれば、より発汗・電極短絡の生じにくい特性を得ることができる。
適用例1ないし適用例4のいずれかに記載のスパークプラグは、さらに、
前記電極は、NiまたはNiを主成分とする合金であり、シリコン(Si)元素の含有量が3重量%以下である、スパークプラグ。
こうすれば、発汗を生じにくい特性を得ることができる。
A.実施形態:
B.実施例:
C.実施形態の変形例:
・スパークプラグの構造:
図1は、本発明の一実施形態としてのスパークプラグ100の部分断面図である。なお、図1において、スパークプラグ100の軸線方向ODを図面における上下方向とし、下側をスパークプラグ100の先端側、上側を後端側として説明する。
図3は、電極チップ90,95と電極20,30との接合部を拡大して示す断面図である。なお、この図3は、電極チップ90、95を直接、電極20、30に溶接した例を示している。電極チップ90、95は、Pdを主成分とした合金、すなわち、重量%でPdを最も多く含有する合金によって形成されている。
本実施形態の効果を確認するため、スパークプラグの複数のサンプルを用意し、評価試験を行なった。評価試験の内容と評価基準については、後述する。複数のサンプルでは、接地電極チップ95を、複数種類の電極チップ材料で作製するとともに、接地電極30を、複数種類の母材材料で作製した。
・第1変形例:
上記実施形態では、中心電極チップ90と接地電極チップ95とが、軸線方向ODに対向する縦放電型のスパークプラグ100を例として説明したが、これに限られない。例えば、中心電極チップ90と接地電極チップ95とが、軸線方向ODと垂直な方向に対向する横放電型のスパークプラグに適用できることはもちろんである。接地電極チップ95と中心電極チップ90との位置関係は、スパークプラグの用途や、必要とされる性能等に応じて適宜設定することが可能である。また、1つの中心電極に対して複数の接地電極が設けられても良い。
上述した電極チップ材料は、中心電極チップ90および接地電極チップ95の両方に用いられることとしたが、中心電極チップ90および接地電極チップ95のいずれか一方にのみ用いられても良い。また、上述した接地電極チップ95は、平チップ状としたが、軸線方向ODに延びた略円柱形状としても良い。
4・シール体
5・ガスケット
6・リング部材
8・板パッキン
9・タルク
10・絶縁碍子
11・先端部
12・軸孔
13・脚長部
15・段部
17・先端側胴部
18・後端側胴部
19・鍔部
20・中心電極
21・電極母材
22・先端部
25・芯材
30・接地電極
32・基部
33・先端部
40・端子金具
50・主体金具
51・工具係合部
52・取付ねじ部
53・加締部
54・シール部
55・座面
56・段部
57・先端面
58・座屈部
59・ねじ首
90、95・電極チップ
100・スパークプラグ
120・レーザ溶融部
200・エンジンヘッド
205・開口周縁部
Claims (5)
- 電極の先端部に電極チップを備えたスパークプラグであって、
前記電極チップは、
Pdを主成分とし、Pdの含有量が40重量%より多く、
Ir、Ni、Co、Feのうちの少なくとも1つの元素を含有し、Irを含有する場合はIrの含有量が0.5重量%以上20重量%以下であり、Ni、Co、Feを含有する場合は1つの元素の含有量が0.5重量%以上40重量%以下である、スパークプラグ。 - 請求項1記載のスパークプラグであって、
前記電極チップは、
Ti、Zr、Hf、希土類元素のうちのいずれかの元素を0.05重量%以上0.5重量%以下含む、スパークプラグ。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載のスパークプラグであって、
前記電極チップは、
Pd、Ir、Ni、Co、Fe、Ti、Zr、Hf、希土類とは異なる元素の含有量が0重量%以上0.2重量%以下である、スパークプラグ。 - 請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれかに記載のスパークプラグであって、
前記電極チップは、
残存する酸素の含有量が0ppm以上300ppm以下である、スパークプラグ。 - 請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれかに記載のスパークプラグは、さらに、
前記電極は、NiまたはNiを主成分とする合金であり、Si元素の含有量が3重量%以下である、スパークプラグ。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/145,954 US8415867B2 (en) | 2009-01-23 | 2010-01-21 | Spark plug |
JP2010524296A JP5325220B2 (ja) | 2009-01-23 | 2010-01-21 | スパークプラグ |
EP10733363.5A EP2383848B1 (en) | 2009-01-23 | 2010-01-21 | Spark plug |
CN201080003800.9A CN102273032A (zh) | 2009-01-23 | 2010-01-21 | 火花塞 |
KR1020117017325A KR101297019B1 (ko) | 2009-01-23 | 2010-01-21 | 스파크 플러그 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2009-013088 | 2009-01-23 | ||
JP2009013088 | 2009-01-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2010084755A1 true WO2010084755A1 (ja) | 2010-07-29 |
Family
ID=42355811
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2010/000327 WO2010084755A1 (ja) | 2009-01-23 | 2010-01-21 | スパークプラグ |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8415867B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2383848B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5325220B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101297019B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102273032A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010084755A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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JP5314141B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-02 | 2013-10-16 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
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DE102010011739B4 (de) * | 2010-03-17 | 2014-12-18 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Zündkerze und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zündkerze |
JP5674697B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-14 | 2015-02-25 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | フューエルセンダ用摺動子に好適な接点材料及びフューエルセンダ用摺動子 |
DE102014223792A1 (de) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-05-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Zündkerzenelektrode, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Zündkerze |
JP6557267B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-23 | 2019-08-07 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
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- 2010-01-21 US US13/145,954 patent/US8415867B2/en active Active
- 2010-01-21 CN CN201080003800.9A patent/CN102273032A/zh active Pending
- 2010-01-21 EP EP10733363.5A patent/EP2383848B1/en active Active
- 2010-01-21 KR KR1020117017325A patent/KR101297019B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-01-21 WO PCT/JP2010/000327 patent/WO2010084755A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-01-21 JP JP2010524296A patent/JP5325220B2/ja active Active
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2383848B1 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
JPWO2010084755A1 (ja) | 2012-07-19 |
EP2383848A4 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
JP5325220B2 (ja) | 2013-10-23 |
EP2383848A1 (en) | 2011-11-02 |
US20110285270A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
CN102273032A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
US8415867B2 (en) | 2013-04-09 |
KR101297019B1 (ko) | 2013-08-14 |
KR20110124212A (ko) | 2011-11-16 |
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