WO2010083763A1 - 叶轮装置及利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统 - Google Patents

叶轮装置及利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010083763A1
WO2010083763A1 PCT/CN2010/070293 CN2010070293W WO2010083763A1 WO 2010083763 A1 WO2010083763 A1 WO 2010083763A1 CN 2010070293 W CN2010070293 W CN 2010070293W WO 2010083763 A1 WO2010083763 A1 WO 2010083763A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pulley
blade
charging system
kinetic energy
regenerative charging
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/070293
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾凤玲
张芷瑛
曾凯君
Original Assignee
Tsang Fung Ling
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tsang Fung Ling filed Critical Tsang Fung Ling
Priority to CN2010800093769A priority Critical patent/CN102282362A/zh
Priority to JP2011545618A priority patent/JP2012515868A/ja
Priority to US13/130,318 priority patent/US20110273134A1/en
Publication of WO2010083763A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010083763A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L8/00—Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • B60L8/006—Converting flow of air into electric energy, e.g. by using wind turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/10—Transmission of mechanical power using gearing not limited to rotary motion, e.g. with oscillating or reciprocating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/32—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on moving objects, e.g. vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/94—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a movable wheeled structure
    • F05B2240/941—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a movable wheeled structure which is a land vehicle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/42—Storage of energy
    • F05B2260/421—Storage of energy in the form of rotational kinetic energy, e.g. in flywheels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric eco-cars, and more particularly to an impeller device and regenerative charging that can be used for an electric eco-car, which can utilize the kinetic energy of the electric eco-car itself or the wind energy generated during driving to charge its battery. system.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a regenerative charging system capable of charging a battery thereof by utilizing the kinetic energy of the electric eco-car itself or the wind energy generated during running.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an impeller apparatus for regenerative charging systems.
  • the charging system for realizing the invention comprises: the automatic switching regenerative charging system utilizing kinetic energy and wind energy comprises a generator and an impeller device directly disposed in the body of the electric eco-friendly vehicle, wherein the input end of the impeller device passes through the central axis and is unidirectional A clutch is coupled to the electric eco-car differential or an output shaft of a gearbox coupled to the differential, the output of the impeller device being coupled to an input shaft of the generator.
  • the above system also includes:
  • the impeller device includes at least one toothed disc having engaging teeth, a central hole for connecting with a central shaft is disposed at a center position of the toothed disc, and a plurality of pieces are provided on one side or both sides of the toothed disc
  • the central hole is a blade radially distributed to the engaging teeth, and a closed disk is disposed at the other end of the blade at the connection with the toothed disk.
  • the impeller device includes at least one pulley, and a central hole for connecting with the central shaft is disposed at a center position of the pulley, and a plurality of pieces are arranged on one side or both sides of the pulley from the central hole to the meshing teeth.
  • the distributed vanes are provided with a disc for closing a space formed between the vanes at the other end of the vanes connected to the pulley.
  • the blade has a flat shape or a curved shape.
  • a center sleeve for fixing the blade and nesting the center shaft is disposed between the toothed disc and the disk at the center hole.
  • a center sleeve for fixing the blade and nesting the center shaft is disposed between the pulley and the disk at the center hole.
  • the toothed disc of the spinning wheel gear is connected to the input shaft of the generator via an inertial gear and a driven wheel.
  • the pulley is coupled to the input shaft of the generator via a small pulley.
  • the vehicle body wall of the electric eco-car is provided with air holes or louver air holes.
  • the blade is directly welded to the surface of the toothed disc or the disc or the slotted insertion or opening is connected by a fixing member.
  • the blade is directly welded to the surface of the pulley or the disc or the slotted insertion or opening is connected by a fixing member.
  • the blade or the pulley of the spinning wheel gear of the impeller device of the present invention is formed with a blade structure similar to the spinning wheel on one or both sides, and is connected to the differential by the differential or the vehicle when the vehicle is started or coasted.
  • the gearbox drives the one-way clutch to drive the blades to rotate.
  • the impeller device can continue to operate by automatic switching of kinetic energy and wind energy, drive the driven wheel connected to the generator to rotate, and promote the generator to generate electricity, and charge the battery of the electric eco-car to achieve energy reuse and environmental protection.
  • Figure 1 is a working principle diagram of a conventional electric vehicle
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the operation of an electric vehicle after using the spun wheel gear of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the spinning wheel gear of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a side elevational view of the spinning wheel gear of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a bottom view of the spinning wheel gear of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view of the spinning wheel gear of the present invention after being mounted on an electric vehicle;
  • Figure 7 is a side elevational view of the spinning wheel gear of the present invention after being mounted on an electric vehicle;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the operation of an electric vehicle after using the pulley of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of the pulley of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a side elevational view of the pulley of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a bottom plan view of the pulley of Figure 10.
  • Figure 12 is a top plan view of the pulley of the present invention after being mounted on an electric vehicle;
  • Figure 13 is a side elevational view of the pulley of the present invention mounted on an electric vehicle.
  • the spinning gear of the impeller unit 7 of the present embodiment includes a (and possibly a) toothed disc 71 having meshing teeth 70, which is provided at the center of the chain gear 71 for With the central axis 76
  • the connected central hole 72 is provided with a plurality of blades 73 radially distributed from the central hole 72 to the meshing teeth 70 on one side of the toothed disc 71 (may also be on both sides, the one side of the invention is exemplified), as shown in FIG.
  • the disc 74 is located at the other end connected to the spur 71 and is provided with a disk 74 for closing a space formed between the blades 73.
  • the surface of the blade 73 connected to the toothed disc 71 and the disc 74 may be fixedly connected by a connecting member, or may be directly connected by welding or slotted or inserted with a fixing member, which is easy for a person skilled in the art to realize. Therefore, no further explanation will be given.
  • a center sleeve 75 for fixing the blade 73 and fitting the center shaft 76 is provided at a position where the spur 71 and the disk 74 are located at the center hole 72.
  • the automatic switching regenerative charging device using kinetic energy and wind energy includes the impeller device 7, the clutch 6, the inertial gear 8 and the driven wheel 9, wherein the impeller device 7, the clutch 6, the inertial gear 8.
  • the driven wheel 9 is directly disposed inside the vehicle body 11, and the air body or the louver air hole 12 is disposed on the vehicle body 11.
  • the impeller device 7 is connected to the output shaft of the differential 4 of the electric eco-car through a central shaft 76 (also referred to as an input shaft of the gearbox), and the clutch 6 drives the impeller device 7 to rotate while driving the electric eco-car. .
  • the regenerative charging device further includes a generator 10 connected to the battery 1 in the electric eco-car, the input shaft of the generator 10 via the driven wheel 9 (also referred to as the output end of the gear box), the inertial gear 8 and the impeller device 7
  • the meshing teeth 70 of the toothed disc 71 are connected, and the spinning gear of the impeller device 7 drives the inertial gear 8 when rotating, and the driven wheel 9 rotates to further drive the generator 10 to operate.
  • the inertial gear 8 and the driven wheel 9 Due to the setting of the inertial gear 8 and the driven wheel 9, it can be made The rotational speed between the driven wheel 9 and the spinning gear of the impeller unit 7 is increased by a factor of ten, that is, the rotational speed of the driven wheel 9 can be made high, so that the generator 10 can generate electricity and output electric energy.
  • the working principle of the automatic switching regenerative charging device using kinetic energy and wind energy is as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the one-way clutch 6 connects the differential 4 to the impeller device 7, and the kinetic energy of the electric eco-car itself drives the impeller device 7 to rotate, thereby charging the battery 1.
  • the one-way clutch 6 makes The impeller device 7 is separated from the differential device 4, and drives the impeller device 7 to rotate by using the airflow generated during the driving of the electric eco-car, further driving the rotation of the inertia gear 8 and the driven wheel 9 to generate power for the generator 10, so that the battery 1 can be performed. Charging, reducing the number of times the battery is charged by the external power source and the required energy, has an environmentally friendly effect.
  • the traveling speed of the electric eco-car is lowered and the generated airflow is insufficient to drive the impeller device 7, the one-way clutch 6 connects the impeller device 7 to the differential 4, and reuses the kinetic energy of the electric eco-car to generate electricity.
  • the spinning wheel gear 7 of the present embodiment includes a (also upper) pulley 77 (on which a belt groove 771 is provided), which is provided at the center of the pulley 77 for With the central axis 76
  • the connected central hole 72 is provided with a plurality of blades 73 radially distributed from the central hole 72 on one side of the pulley 77 (may also be on both sides, the side of the invention is exemplified), as shown in FIG.
  • the other end of the 73 connected to the pulley 77 is provided with a disk 74 for closing the space formed between the blades 73.
  • the surface of the blade 73 connected to the pulley 77 and the disc 74 may be fixedly connected by a connecting member, or may be directly welded or slotted or connected with a fixing member, which is easy for a person skilled in the art to realize. Therefore, no further explanation will be given.
  • a center sleeve 75 for fixing the blade 73 and fitting the center shaft 76 is provided at a position where the pulley 77 and the disk 74 are located at the center hole 72.
  • an automatic switching regenerative charging device using kinetic energy and wind energy includes an impeller device 7, a clutch 6, a belt 78, and a small pulley 79, wherein the impeller device 7, the clutch 6, the belt 78, The small pulley 79 is directly disposed inside the vehicle body 11, and a vent or louver vent 12 is provided in the vehicle body 11.
  • the impeller device 7 is connected to the output shaft of the differential 4 of the electric eco-car through a central shaft 76 (also referred to as an input shaft of the gearbox), and the clutch 6 drives the impeller device 7 to rotate while driving the electric eco-car. .
  • the regenerative charging device further includes a generator 10 connected to the battery 1 in the electric eco-car, the input shaft of the generator 10 via the small pulley 79 (also called the output end of the gearbox), the belt 78 is connected to the pulley 77 of the impeller device 7, and the pulley 77 of the impeller device 7 drives the small pulley 79 to rotate when rotating, further driving the generator 10 to work, due to the setting of the size pulley,
  • the rotation speed between the small pulley 79 and the pulley 77 of the impeller unit 7 is increased by a factor of ten, that is, the rotation speed of the small pulley 79 can be made high, so that the generator 10 can generate electricity and output electric energy.
  • the one-way clutch 6 connects the differential 4 to the impeller device 7, and the kinetic energy of the electric eco-car itself drives the impeller device 7 to rotate, thereby charging the battery 1.
  • the electric eco-car reaches a certain speed, a certain speed of airflow is formed outside the electric eco-car, and the airflow can make the speed of the impeller device 7 exceed the speed that the differential 4 can provide, and the one-way clutch 6 makes The impeller device 7 is separated from the differential 4, and drives the impeller device 7 to rotate by the airflow generated during the driving of the electric eco-car, further driving the small pulley 79 to cause the generator 10 to generate electricity, thereby charging the battery 1 and reducing the battery.
  • the one-way clutch 6 connects the impeller device 7 to the differential 4, and reuses the kinetic energy of the electric eco-car to generate electricity.
  • the blade 73 in the present invention may be provided in a flat shape or a curved shape according to different requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Description

叶轮装置及利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统
技术领域
本发明关于电动环保车领域，更具体地说，关于一种应用于电动环保车，能利用电动环保车本身的动能或在行驶过程中产生的风能来对其蓄电池进行充电的叶轮装置及再生充电系统。
背景技术
环保问题日益成为人们的关注点，因此电动环保车也成为今后的发展趋势，其中电动车的驱动装置及原理，如图1所示，由蓄电池1输出电能至PWM(Pulse Width Modulation，脉宽调制)斩波器2和控制系统5，再由PWM斩波器2和控制系统5控制行走电机3，并进一步通过差速器4驱动车辆运行。其中蓄电池1的电能需要由其他电源进行充电，为此，曾出现一种利用太阳能及时对蓄电池1进行充电的充电设备，但由于在阴天、晚上无法进行能源的收集，且对车身的颜色及外形的限制太大，而未能得到广泛使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能利用电动环保车本身的动能或在行驶过程中产生的风能来对其蓄电池进行充电的再生充电系统。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种用于再生充电系统的叶轮装置。
实现本发明的充电系统包括：这种利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统包括有直接设在电动环保车车体内的发电机、叶轮装置，所述叶轮装置的输入端经中心轴、单向离合器与所述电动环保车差速器或与差速器相连接的变速箱的输出轴连接，所述叶轮装置的输出端与所述发电机的输入轴连接。
上述系统还包括：
所述叶轮装置包括有至少一个具有啮合齿的齿盘，在所述齿盘的中心位置设置用于与中心轴连接的中心孔，在所述齿盘的一侧或两侧设置有多片从中心孔往啮合齿呈放射状分布的叶片，并在所述叶片位于与所述齿盘连接的另一端设置有封闭圆盘。
所述叶轮装置包括有至少一个皮带轮，在所述皮带轮的中心位置设置用于与中心轴连接的中心孔，在所述皮带轮的一侧或两侧设置有多片从中心孔往啮合齿呈放射状分布的叶片，并在所述叶片位于与所述皮带轮连接的另一端设置有用于封闭所述叶片之间形成的空间的圆盘。
所述叶片呈平板状或曲面状。
所述齿盘与所述圆盘之间位于所述中心孔的位置设置有用于固定所述叶片并套入所述中心轴的中心套管。
所述皮带轮与所述圆盘之间位于所述中心孔的位置设置有用于固定所述叶片并套入所述中心轴的中心套管。
所述纺轮形齿轮的齿盘经惰性齿轮、从动轮与所述发电机的输入轴连接。
所述皮带轮经小皮带轮与所述发电机的输入轴连接。
所述电动环保车的车体壁上设置有气孔或百叶气孔。
所述叶片与所述齿盘、圆盘的表面直接焊接或开槽插入或开孔用固定件连接。
所述叶片与所述皮带轮、圆盘的表面直接焊接或开槽插入或开孔用固定件连接。
本发明中的叶轮装置的纺轮形齿轮的齿盘或皮带轮的一侧或两侧形成有类似于纺轮的风叶结构，在车辆起动或滑行时，由差速器或与差速器相连的变速箱驱动单向离合器，带动叶片旋转，当达到一定车速时，气流足以带动叶片旋转，单向离合器自动切换，叶片改由气流带动。因此叶轮装置能通过动能与风能的自动切换继续运转，驱动与发电机连接的从动轮旋转，促使发电机发电，对电动环保车的蓄电池进行充电，达到能量再利用和环保的目的。
附图说明
图1为现有电动车的工作原理图；
图2为使用本发明中纺轮形齿轮后的电动车的工作原理图；
图3为本发明中纺轮形齿轮的立体示意图；
图4为本发明中纺轮形齿轮的侧视示意图；
图5为图4中纺轮形齿轮的仰视示意图；
图6为本发明中纺轮形齿轮安装于电动车后的俯视示意图；
图7为本发明中纺轮形齿轮安装于电动车后的侧视示意图；
图8为使用本发明中皮带轮后的电动车的工作原理图；
图9为本发明中皮带轮的立体示意图；
图10为本发明中皮带轮的侧视示意图；
图11为图10中皮带轮的仰视示意图；
图12为本发明中皮带轮安装于电动车后的俯视示意图；
图13为本发明中皮带轮安装于电动车后的侧视示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明中的具体实施例作进一步详细说明。
实施例1：
如图3至图5所示，本实施例中的叶轮装置7的纺轮形齿轮包括一个(也可以是一个上)具有啮合齿70的齿盘71，在齿盘71的中心位置设置用于与中心轴76 连接的中心孔72，在齿盘71的一侧(也可以是两侧，本发明以一侧为例)设置有多片从中心孔72往啮合齿70呈放射状分布的叶片73，如图5所示，在叶片73位于与齿盘71连接的另一端设置有用于封闭各叶片73之间形成的空间的圆盘74。其中叶片73与齿盘71、圆盘74的表面连接可以由连接件固定连接，也可以直接焊接连接或开槽插入或开孔用固定件连接，这对本领域的技术人员来说，是容易实现的，因此不再另行说明。
为了进一步加强叶片73与齿盘71、圆盘74的连接，在齿盘71、圆盘74位于中心孔72的位置处设置有用于固定叶片73并能套入中心轴76的中心套管75。
本实施例中利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电装置，如图6和图7所示，包括叶轮装置7、离合器6、惰性齿轮8及从动轮9，其中叶轮装置7、离合器6、惰性齿轮8、从动轮9直接设在车体11内部，并在车体11上设置有气孔或百叶气孔12。叶轮装置7通过中心轴76(也称齿轮箱的输入轴)、离合器6与电动环保车的差速器4的输出轴连接，差速器4在驱动电动环保车行走的同时驱动叶轮装置7转动。再生充电装置还包括有设在电动环保车内与蓄电池1连接的发电机10，该发电机10的输入轴经由从动轮9(也称齿轮箱的输出端)、惰性齿轮8与叶轮装置7的齿盘71的啮合齿70连接，叶轮装置7的纺轮形齿轮在转动时驱动惰性齿轮8，从动轮9转动，进一步驱动发电机10工作，由于惰性齿轮8、从动轮9的设置，可以使从动轮9与叶轮装置7的纺轮形齿轮之间的转速呈过十倍的增加，也就是说，从动轮9的转速可以达到很高，从而可以使发电机10进行发电，输出电能。
本实施例中利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电装置的工作原理，如图2 所示，在电动环保车启动时，单向离合器6使差速器4与叶轮装置7连接，利用电动环保车本身的动能驱动叶轮装置7转动，对蓄电池1进行充电。当电动环保车行驶达到一定速度后，会在电动环保车车体外形成一定速度的气流，该气流可以使叶轮装置7的转速超过差速器4所能提供的速度，此时单向离合器6使叶轮装置7与差速器4分开，借用电动环保车行驶过程中产生的气流来驱动叶轮装置7转动，进一步驱动惰性齿轮8、从动轮9的转动使发电机10发电，从而可以对蓄电池1进行充电，减少蓄电池利用外界电源进行充电的次数及所需的能量，具有环保的功效。当电动环保车行驶速度下降，产生的气流不足以驱动叶轮装置7时，单向离合器6使叶轮装置7与差速器4连接，重新利用电动环保车的动能来发电。
实施例2：
如图9至图11所示，本实施例中的纺轮形齿轮7包括一个(也可以是一个上)的皮带轮77（其上设有皮带槽771），在皮带轮77的中心位置设置用于与中心轴76 连接的中心孔72，在皮带轮77的一侧(也可以是两侧，本发明以一侧为例)设置有多片从中心孔72呈放射状分布的叶片73，如图11所示，在叶片73位于与皮带轮77连接的另一端设置有用于封闭各叶片73之间形成的空间的圆盘74。其中叶片73与皮带轮77、圆盘74的表面连接可以由连接件固定连接，也可以直接焊接连接或开槽插入或开孔用固定件连接，这对本领域的技术人员来说，是容易实现的，因此不再另行说明。
为了进一步加强叶片73与皮带轮77、圆盘74的连接，在皮带轮77、圆盘74位于中心孔72的位置处设置有用于固定叶片73并能套入中心轴76的中心套管75。
本实施例中利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电装置，如图12和图13所示，包括叶轮装置7、离合器6、皮带78及小皮带轮79，其中叶轮装置7、离合器6、皮带78、小皮带轮79直接设在车体11内部，并在车体11上设置有气孔或百叶气孔12。叶轮装置7通过中心轴76(也称齿轮箱的输入轴)、离合器6与电动环保车的差速器4的输出轴连接，差速器4在驱动电动环保车行走的同时驱动叶轮装置7转动。再生充电装置还包括有设在电动环保车内与蓄电池1连接的发电机10，该发电机10的输入轴经由小皮带轮79 (也称齿轮箱的输出端)、皮带78与叶轮装置7的皮带轮77连接，叶轮装置7的皮带轮77在转动时驱动小皮带轮79转动，进一步驱动发电机10工作，由于大小皮带轮的设置，可以使小皮带轮79与叶轮装置7的皮带轮77之间的转速呈过十倍的增加，也就是说，小皮带轮79的转速可以达到很高，从而可以使发电机10进行发电，输出电能。
本实施例中利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电装置的工作原理，如图8所示，在
电动环保车启动时，单向离合器6使差速器4与叶轮装置7连接，利用电动环保车本身的动能驱动叶轮装置7转动，对蓄电池1进行充电。当电动环保车行驶达到一定速度后，会在电动环保车车体外形成一定速度的气流，该气流可以使叶轮装置7的转速超过差速器4所能提供的速度，此时单向离合器6使叶轮装置7与差速器4分开，借用电动环保车行驶过程中产生的气流来驱动叶轮装置7转动，进一步带动小皮带轮79的转动使发电机10发电，从而可以对蓄电池1进行充电，减少蓄电池利用外界电源进行充电的次数及所需的能量，具有环保的功效。当电动环保车行驶速度下降，产生的气流不足以驱动叶轮装置7时，单向离合器6使叶轮装置7与差速器4连接，重新利用电动环保车的动能来发电。
另，本发明中的叶片73也可以根据不同需求设置成平板状或曲面状。

Claims (19)

1、一种叶轮装置，其特征在于，包括有至少一个具有啮合齿的齿盘，在所述齿盘的中心位置设置用于与中心轴连接的中心孔，在所述齿盘的一侧或两侧设置有多片从中心孔往啮合齿呈放射状分布的叶片，并在所述叶片位于与所述齿盘连接的另一端设置有用于封闭所述叶片之间形成的空间的圆盘。
2、根据权利要求1所述的叶轮装置，其特征在于，所述叶片呈平板状或曲面状。
3、根据权利要求1所述的叶轮装置，其特征在于，所述齿盘与所述圆盘之间位于所述中心孔的位置设置有用于固定所述叶片并套入所述中心轴的中心套管。
4、根据权利要求1所述的叶轮装置，其特征在于，所述叶片与所述齿盘、圆盘的表面直接焊接或开槽插入或开孔用固定件连接。
5、一种叶轮装置，其特征在于，包括有至少一个皮带轮，在所述皮带轮的中心位置设置用于与中心轴连接的中心孔，在所述皮带轮的一侧或两侧设置有多片从中心孔往啮合齿呈放射状分布的叶片，并在所述叶片位于与所述皮带轮连接的另一端设置有用于封闭所述叶片之间形成的空间的圆盘。
6、根据权利要求5所述的叶轮装置，其特征在于，所述叶片呈平板状或曲面状。
7、根据权利要求5所述的叶轮装置，其特征在于，所述皮带轮与所述圆盘之间位于所述中心孔的位置设置有用于固定所述叶片并套入所述中心轴的中心套管。
8、根据权利要求5所述的叶轮装置，其特征在于，所述叶片与所述皮带轮、圆盘的表面直接焊接或开槽插入或开孔用固定件连接。
9、一种利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统，其特征在于，包括有直接设在电动环保车车体内的发电机、叶轮装置，所述叶轮装置的输入端经中心轴、单向离合器与所述电动环保车差速器或与差速器相连接的变速箱的输出轴连接，所述叶轮装置的输出端与所述发电机的输入轴连接。
10、根据权利要求9所述的利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统，其特征在于，所述叶轮装置包括有至少一个具有啮合齿的齿盘，在所述齿盘的中心位置设置用于与中心轴连接的中心孔，在所述齿盘的一侧或两侧设置有多片从中心孔往啮合齿呈放射状分布的叶片，并在所述叶片位于与所述齿盘连接的另一端设置有封闭圆盘。
11、根据权利要求9所述的利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统，其特征在于，所述叶轮装置包括有至少一个皮带轮，在所述皮带轮的中心位置设置用于与中心轴连接的中心孔，在所述皮带轮的一侧或两侧设置有多片从中心孔往啮合齿呈放射状分布的叶片，并在所述叶片位于与所述皮带轮连接的另一端设置有用于封闭所述叶片之间形成的空间的圆盘。
12、根据权利要求10或11所述的利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统，其特征在于，所述叶片呈平板状或曲面状。
13、根据权利要求10所述的利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统，其特征在于，所述齿盘与所述圆盘之间位于所述中心孔的位置设置有用于固定所述叶片并套入所述中心轴的中心套管。
14、根据权利要求11所述的利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统，其特征在于，所述皮带轮与所述圆盘之间位于所述中心孔的位置设置有用于固定所述叶片并套入所述中心轴的中心套管。
15、根据权利要求10所述的利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统，其特征在于，所述纺轮形齿轮的齿盘经惰性齿轮、从动轮与所述发电机的输入轴连接。
16、根据权利要求11所述的利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统，其特征在于，所述皮带轮经小皮带轮与所述发电机的输入轴连接。
17、根据权利要求9所述的利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统，其特征在于，所述电动环保车的车体壁上设置有气孔或百叶气孔。
18、根据权利要求10所述的利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统，其特征在于，所述叶片与所述齿盘、圆盘的表面直接焊接或开槽插入或开孔用固定件连接。
19、根据权利要求11所述的利用动能与风能的自动切换再生充电系统，其特征在于，所述叶片与所述皮带轮、圆盘的表面直接焊接或开槽插入或开孔用固定件连接。
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