WO2021243780A1 - 一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置及电助力自行车 - Google Patents

一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置及电助力自行车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021243780A1
WO2021243780A1 PCT/CN2020/099218 CN2020099218W WO2021243780A1 WO 2021243780 A1 WO2021243780 A1 WO 2021243780A1 CN 2020099218 W CN2020099218 W CN 2020099218W WO 2021243780 A1 WO2021243780 A1 WO 2021243780A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission wheel
transmission
driving
drive
auxiliary
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PCT/CN2020/099218
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
崔凌
苏伟乾
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深圳市洋利昂科技有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2021243780A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021243780A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
    • B62M11/14—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of bicycles, and in particular to a drive and speed integrated mid-mounted device and an electric-assisted bicycle.
  • Electric-assisted bicycles were first born in Japan. They are driven by a hybrid model of "manpower + electricity", and they can also rely on pure human power. Electric-assisted bicycles do not have a pure electric riding mode, but require a hybrid drive of "manpower + electricity", which is essentially different from the pure electric mode of electric vehicles.
  • In-wheel motors are divided into two categories. In-wheel motors are called front-wheel drives on the front wheels of bicycles. In-wheel motors are called rear-wheel drives on the rear wheels of bicycles.
  • high-end electric bicycles use mid-mounted motor + sensor systems (torque sensor, speed sensor, cadence sensor), and use a torque sensor as the core "Power Assist System power assist system", in the assist response speed and riding experience are significantly better than the front-wheel drive or rear-wheel drive system, and the torque sensor is the core sensor, supplemented by speed and cadence sensors.
  • the torque sensor is installed on the center axle of the bicycle , And the bottom bracket is connected to the crank, which happens to form a torsion bar structure during riding. When the bottom bracket is subjected to torsion, the surface will produce subtle deformations that are invisible to the naked eye. By measuring the deformation, the amount of manpower can be calculated according to the mathematical model.
  • the current bicycle transmission system is mainly divided into two categories, one is an external transmission system, and the other is an internal transmission system.
  • the transmission system of a bicycle is very important in a variable speed bicycle. It determines the performance of a variable speed bicycle.
  • the transmission system changes the speed ratio of the bicycle by changing the cooperation of the chain, different chainrings and flywheels.
  • the internal transmission system achieves different speed ratios through the reduction gear conversion device in the hub. Because of its small size, light weight, high reliability, long life, maintenance-free, and beautiful appearance, it is well received by the market; due to the complex structure of the internal transmission product, strict process technology requirements, and high production costs, the product is expensive and is mainly used in On high-end bicycles.
  • the embodiment of this application aims to solve the need to use the two sets of system superimposition of the power-assisted drive and the external rear wheel transmission or the internal transmission in the prior art for the power-assisted drive and shifting functions, resulting in high costs, a large increase in the volume and weight of the entire vehicle, and installation and commissioning. Complicated and complicated problems to be maintained.
  • an embodiment of the present application proposes a drive and speed integrated mid-mounted device.
  • the drive and speed integrated mid-mounted device includes a main drive unit, an auxiliary drive unit, and a transmission mechanism.
  • the mechanism includes a crank connecting shaft, a planet carrier, a planetary gear, a sun gear, and a transmission wheel;
  • the transmission wheel has a ring structure, an inner gear ring is arranged on the inner side of the transmission wheel, and an outer gear ring is arranged on the outer side of the transmission wheel ,
  • the transmission wheel is fixedly connected to the chain ring;
  • the planet carrier is arranged on one side of the transmission wheel,
  • the crank connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the planet carrier;
  • the planet wheel is arranged on the planet carrier, and Respectively mesh with the sun gear and the inner ring gear of the transmission wheel;
  • the main drive unit is connected with the outer ring gear of the transmission wheel;
  • the auxiliary drive unit is connected with the sun gear.
  • the main drive unit includes a main drive motor and a first reduction gear set, and the main drive motor is connected to the outer ring gear of the transmission wheel through the first reduction gear set.
  • the auxiliary drive unit includes an auxiliary drive motor, a one-way clutch, and a second reduction gear set, the auxiliary drive motor is connected to the second reduction gear set through the one-way clutch, and the The second reduction gear set is connected with the sun gear.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a plurality of planet wheels, and the plurality of planet wheels are evenly arranged in the gap between the sun gear and the transmission wheel.
  • the drive and speed integrated mid-mounted device further includes a motor fixing plate, and the main drive motor and the auxiliary drive motor are both arranged on the motor fixing plate.
  • the integrated driving and shifting mid-mounted device further includes a controller, and the main driving unit and the auxiliary driving unit are both connected to and controlled by the controller.
  • a further technical solution is that both ends of the crank connecting shaft are connected with the crank.
  • the drive and speed integrated intermediate device further includes a first housing and a second housing, the first housing and the second housing are buckled to form an accommodating cavity, and the main drive unit, The auxiliary driving unit and the transmission mechanism are both arranged in the accommodating cavity.
  • the drive and speed integrated mid-mounted device further includes a battery, and the main drive unit and the auxiliary drive unit are both connected to the battery.
  • an embodiment of the present application proposes an electric-assisted bicycle, which includes the driving and shifting integrated mid-mounted device as described in the first aspect.
  • the main drive unit is connected with the outer ring gear of the transmission wheel, and the main drive unit can output power to the transmission wheel through the outer ring gear of the transmission wheel, so as to assist the rotation of the transmission wheel and achieve a boosting effect.
  • the auxiliary drive unit is connected with the sun gear and can drive the sun gear to rotate.
  • the transmission ratio between the crank rotation input speed and the crankset output speed also changes accordingly, which can produce different speed changes.
  • the integrated drive and gear shifting mid-mounted device proposed in this application can realize both power-assisted driving and shifting functions.
  • the two systems of mid-mounted power-assisted drive + external rear wheel shifting or internal shifting are adopted.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of a drive and speed integrated mid-mounted device proposed in an embodiment of this application;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a main drive unit of a drive and speed integrated mid-mounted device proposed in an embodiment of the application;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an auxiliary drive unit of a drive and speed integrated mid-mounted device proposed in an embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission mechanism of a drive and speed integrated mid-mounted device proposed in an embodiment of the application.
  • the main drive unit 10 The main drive unit 10, the auxiliary drive unit 20, the transmission mechanism 30, the crank connecting shaft 31, the planet carrier 32, the planet gear 33, the sun gear 34, the transmission wheel 35, the inner ring gear 351, the outer gear ring 352, the main drive motor 11, First reduction gear set 12, auxiliary drive motor 21, one-way clutch 22, second reduction gear set 23, motor fixing plate 40, controller 50, crank 60, first housing 70, second housing 80, transmission cover 90 , Crankset 100.
  • the present application proposes a drive and speed integrated central device.
  • the drive and variable speed integrated central device includes a main drive unit 10, an auxiliary drive unit 20, and a transmission mechanism 30.
  • the transmission mechanism 30 includes a crank connecting shaft 31, a planet carrier 32, a planet gear 33, a sun gear 34 and a transmission wheel 35.
  • the transmission wheel 35 has an annular structure, an inner gear ring 351 is provided on the inner side of the transmission wheel 35, and an outer gear ring 352 is provided on the outer side of the transmission wheel 35, and the transmission wheel 35 is fixedly connected to the chain ring 100.
  • the transmission wheel 35 drives the crankset 100 to rotate, thereby driving the bicycle to move.
  • the planet carrier 32 is arranged on one side of the transmission wheel 35, and the crank connecting shaft 31 is fixedly connected to the planet carrier 32.
  • the planet gear 33 is arranged on the planet carrier 32 and meshes with the sun gear 34 and the inner ring gear 351 of the transmission wheel 35 respectively.
  • the main drive unit 10 and the outer gear of the transmission wheel 35 mesh with each other.
  • the ring 352 is connected; the auxiliary drive unit 20 is connected to the sun gear 34.
  • the main drive unit 10 is connected to the outer ring gear 352 of the transmission wheel 35, and the main drive unit 10 can output power to the transmission wheel 35 through the outer ring gear 352 of the transmission wheel 35, thereby assisting the transmission wheel 35 35 rotation to achieve the boosting effect.
  • the auxiliary drive unit 20 is connected to the sun gear 34 and can drive the sun gear 34 to rotate.
  • the sun gear 34 is stationary or rotating at a constant speed, the rotation speed of the crank connecting shaft 31 and the rotation speed of the transmission wheel 35 will maintain a certain speed ratio.
  • the sun gear 34 rotates at a variable speed, the rotation speed between the transmission wheel 35, the planet carrier 32 and the sun gear 34 changes.
  • the main drive unit 10 includes a main drive motor 11 and a first reduction gear set 12, and the main drive motor 11 is connected to the outer ring gear 352 of the transmission wheel 35 through the first reduction gear set 12.
  • the main driving motor 11 is used to provide the main driving force.
  • the first reduction gear set 12 (planetary reduction structure or multi-stage series reduction gear structure) is used to adapt the speed and output electric power to the outer ring gear 352 of the driving wheel.
  • the auxiliary drive unit 20 includes an auxiliary drive motor 21, a one-way clutch 22, and a second reduction gear set 23, and the auxiliary drive motor 21 is connected to the second reduction gear set 23 through the one-way clutch 22 ,
  • the second reduction gear set 23 is connected to the sun gear 34.
  • the auxiliary drive motor 21 is used to provide power or recover power.
  • the one-way clutch 22 can only rotate in one direction, and is disengaged from the drive when it is reversed.
  • the second reduction gear set 23 is used to adapt the speed and drive the sun gear 34 to rotate.
  • the transmission mechanism 30 includes a plurality of planetary gears 33, and the plurality of planetary gears 33 are evenly arranged in the gap between the sun gear 34 and the transmission gear 35.
  • the transmission mechanism 30 includes four planetary gears 33.
  • the integrated driving and variable speed central device further includes a motor fixing plate 40, and the main driving motor 11 and the auxiliary driving motor 21 are both arranged on the motor fixing plate 40.
  • the driving and variable speed integrated central device further includes a controller 50, and the main driving unit 10 and the auxiliary driving unit 20 are both connected to the controller 50 and controlled by the controller 50. .
  • crank connecting shaft 31 Furthermore, both ends of the crank connecting shaft 31 are connected with the crank 60.
  • a pedal is provided on the crank 60 for the user to input manpower.
  • the drive and speed integrated mid-mounted device further includes a first housing 70 and a second housing 80, the first housing 70 and the second housing 80 are buckled to form an accommodating cavity, and the main drive unit 10 , The auxiliary driving unit 20 and the transmission mechanism 30 are both arranged in the containing cavity.
  • the present application proposes a drive and speed integrated mid-mounted device that further includes a battery (for example, a lithium battery).
  • a battery for example, a lithium battery.
  • the main driving unit 10 and the auxiliary driving unit 20 are both connected to the battery and powered by the battery.
  • the integrated driving and shifting central device further includes a transmission cover 90, and the transmission cover 90 is provided on one side of the transmission mechanism 30.
  • the operating modes of the integrated drive and variable speed integrated device proposed in this application include a human power mode, an electric assist mode and a variable speed mode.
  • the variable speed mode can run simultaneously with the human power mode or the electric power assist mode.
  • the main drive unit does not operate.
  • the auxiliary drive unit controls the sun gear to be at a standstill.
  • the pedal force is input through the crank, because the crank and the crank connecting shaft are fixed, and the planet carrier and the crank connecting shaft are fixedly connected.
  • the crank connecting shaft rotates while driving the planet carrier to rotate, the planet carrier drives the planet wheel to rotate, and further drives the transmission wheel to rotate, thereby linking the crankshaft to rotate and output power.
  • the main drive unit participates in operation control.
  • the auxiliary drive unit controls the sun gear to run at a certain speed.
  • the pedal manpower drives the crank to rotate, the planet carrier rotates at the same time, and the outer ring gear rotates under force.
  • the internal and external sensing systems of the controller respond quickly, and the cadence, torque, bicycle speed, etc. can be obtained in real time through the electronic control system. Real-time data.
  • the set conditions such as torque and speed increase
  • the electric assist will immediately begin to intervene, and the main drive unit controls the assist operation, that is, the output torque of the main motor passes through the main drive reduction gear set to the transmission wheel to help the crankset to run .
  • the auxiliary drive unit converts the excess energy into electrical energy and stores it in the battery.
  • the main drive unit and the auxiliary drive unit participate in operation control at the same time.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electric-assisted bicycle, which includes the driving and shifting integrated mid-mounted device proposed in the above-mentioned embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置，包括主驱动单元（10）、辅助驱动单元（20）以及传动机构（30），传动机构（30）包括曲柄连接轴（31）、行星架（32）、行星轮（33）、太阳轮（34）以及传动轮（35）；传动轮（35）为环状结构，传动轮（35）的内侧设有内齿圈（351），传动轮（35）的外侧设有外齿圈（352），传动轮（35）与牙盘（100）固定连接；行星架（32）设于传动轮（35）的一侧，曲柄连接轴（31）与行星架（32）固定连接；行星轮（33）设于行星架（32）上，且分别与太阳轮（34）以及传动轮（35）的内齿圈（351）啮合；主驱动单元（10）与传动轮（35）的外齿圈（352）连接；辅助驱动单元（10）与太阳轮（34）连接。该中置装置能够同时实现助力驱动和变速功能，具有成本低、体积小、重量轻以及安装维护简单的特点。还公开一种包括中置装置的电助力自行车。

Description

一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置及电助力自行车
本申请是以申请号为202010494664.3、申请日为2020年6月3日的中国专利申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该申请的全部内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及自行车技术领域，尤其涉及一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置及电助力自行车。
背景技术
电助力自行车最早诞生于日本，是一种“人力+电力”的混合动力模式驱动，同时也可以依靠单纯人力驱动。电助力自行车不具备纯电力骑行模式，而是需要“人力+电力”的混合动力驱动，这和电动车的纯电动模式有着本质的区别。
按照助力电机类别来分类，有轮毂电机和中置电机。轮毂电机又分为两类，轮毂电机在自行车前轮我们称为前驱，轮毂电机在自行车后轮我们称为后驱。
目前，高端电助力自行车都采用中置电机+传感器系统（力矩传感器、速度传感器、踏频传感器），采用的是一力矩传感器为核心的“Power Assist System动力辅助系统”，在助力响应速度和骑行体验均明显好于前驱或后驱系统，而力矩传感器为核心传感器，并辅以速度和踏频传感器。力矩传感器安装在自行车的中轴上，而中轴连接着曲柄，在骑行过程中正好是形成扭杆结构，中轴在受到扭力时表面就会产生肉眼不可见的细微形变，通过测量形变即可根据数学模型计算出人力大小。
目前自行车的变速传动系统主要是分为两大类，一类是外置变速系统，一类是内变速系统。自行车的变速系统在一辆变速类的自行车上是相当重要的，决定着一辆变速自行车的性能，变速系统就是通过改变链条和不同的牙盘、飞轮的配合，从而改变自行车的速度比。
内变速系统通过花鼓内的减速齿轮转换装置，从而实现不同的速度比。由于体积小，重量轻、高可靠、长寿命、免维修、外观美等特点，深受市场欢迎；由于内变速器产品结构复杂，工艺技术要求严格，生产成本高，因此产品价格昂贵，主要应用在高端自行车上。
现有技术缺陷和不足点：
目前要同时实现助力驱动和变速功能，只能采用中置助力驱动+外挂后轮变速或内变速两套系统叠加。成本很高、整车体积重量增加大、安装调试复杂、要维护保养两套系统相对繁复。
申请内容
本申请实施例旨在解决现有技术中助力驱动和变速功能需要采用中置助力驱动加外挂后轮变速或内变速两套系统叠加，导致的成本很高、整车体积重量增加大、安装调试复杂、要维护保养复杂的问题。
为了解决上述问题，第一方面，本申请实施例提出一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置包括主驱动单元、辅助驱动单元以及传动机构，所述传动机构包括曲柄连接轴、行星架、行星轮、太阳轮以及传动轮；所述传动轮为环状结构，所述传动轮的内侧设有内齿圈，所述传动轮的外侧设有外齿圈，所述传动轮与牙盘固定连接；所述行星架设于所述传动轮的一侧，所述曲柄连接轴与所述行星架固定连接；所述行星轮设于所述行星架上，且分别与所述太阳轮以及所述传动轮的内齿圈啮合；所述主驱动单元与所述传动轮的外齿圈连接；所述辅助驱动单元与所述太阳轮连接。
其进一步的技术方案为，所述主驱动单元包括主驱动电机以及第一减速齿轮组，所述主驱动电机通过所述第一减速齿轮组与所述传动轮的外齿圈连接。
其进一步的技术方案为，所述辅助驱动单元包括辅助驱动电机、单向离合器以及第二减速齿轮组，所述辅助驱动电机通过所述单向离合器与所述第二减速齿轮组连接，所述第二减速齿轮组与所述太阳轮连接。
其进一步的技术方案为，所述传动机构包括多个行星轮，多个所述行星轮均匀设于所述太阳轮与所述传动轮之间的间隙内。
其进一步的技术方案为，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括电机固定板，所述主驱动电机以及所述辅助驱动电机均设于所述电机固定板上。
其进一步的技术方案为，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括控制器，所述主驱动单元以及所述辅助驱动单元均与所述控制器连接且受控于所述控制器。
其进一步的技术方案为，所述曲柄连接轴的两端均与曲柄连接。
其进一步的技术方案为，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括第一外壳以及第二外壳，所述第一外壳与所述第二外壳扣合形成容纳腔，所述主驱动单元、所述辅助驱动单元以及所述传动机构均设于所述容纳腔内。
其进一步的技术方案为，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括电池，所述主驱动单元以及所述辅助驱动单元均与所述电池连接。
第二方面，本申请实施例提出一种电助力自行车，所述电助力自行车包括如第一方面所述的驱动与变速一体式中置装置。
与现有技术相比，本申请实施例所能达到的技术效果包括：
本申请实施例中，主驱动单元与所述传动轮的外齿圈连接，主驱动单元可通过传动轮的外齿圈向所述传动轮输出动力，从而助力传动轮转动，达到助力效果。同时，辅助驱动单元与所述太阳轮连接，可驱动太阳轮转动。太阳轮静止或恒速转动时，曲柄连接轴的转动速度和传动轮的外齿圈的转动速度将保持一定速比。当太阳轮变速转动时，传动轮、行星架和太阳轮的之间转速是变化的，此时曲柄转动输入速度和牙盘输出速度的传递速比也相应发生变化，从而可产生不同变速效果。可见，本申请提出的驱动与变速一体式中置装置能够同时实现助力驱动和变速功能，相比于现有技术分别采用中置助力驱动+外挂后轮变速或内变速两套系统的方式，具有成本低、体积小、重量轻以及安装维护简单的特点。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图   1为本申请实施例提出的一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置的爆炸图；
图   2为本申请实施例提出的一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置的主驱动单元的结构示意图；
图   3为本申请实施例提出的一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置的辅助驱动单元的结构示意图；
图   4为本申请实施例提出的一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置的传动机构的结构示意图。
附图标记
主驱动单元10、辅助驱动单元20、传动机构30、曲柄连接轴31、行星架32、行星轮33、太阳轮34、传动轮35、内齿圈351、外齿圈352、主驱动电机11、第一减速齿轮组12、辅助驱动电机21、单向离合器22、第二减速齿轮组23、电机固定板40、控制器50、曲柄60、第一外壳70、第二外壳80、传动盖板90、牙盘100。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，附图中类似的组件标号代表类似的组件。显然，以下将描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
应当理解，当在本说明书和所附权利要求书中使用时，术语“包括”和 “包含”指示所描述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。
还应当理解，在此本申请实施例说明书中所使用的术语仅仅是出于描述特定实施例的目的而并不意在限制本申请实施例。如在本申请实施例说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，除非上下文清楚地指明其它情况，否则单数形式的“一”、“一个”及“该”意在包括复数形式。
参见图1-图4，本申请提出一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置，由图可知，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置包括主驱动单元10、辅助驱动单元20以及传动机构30。
所述传动机构30包括曲柄连接轴31、行星架32、行星轮33、太阳轮34以及传动轮35。所述传动轮35为环状结构，所述传动轮35的内侧设有内齿圈351，所述传动轮35的外侧设有外齿圈352，所述传动轮35与牙盘100固定连接。传动轮35带动牙盘100转动进而可驱动自行车运动。所述行星架32设于所述传动轮35的一侧，所述曲柄连接轴31与所述行星架32固定连接。所述行星轮33设于所述行星架32上，且分别与所述太阳轮34以及所述传动轮35的内齿圈351啮合，所述主驱动单元10与所述传动轮35的外齿圈352连接；所述辅助驱动单元20与所述太阳轮34连接。
本申请实施例中，主驱动单元10与所述传动轮35的外齿圈352连接，主驱动单元10可通过传动轮35的外齿圈352向所述传动轮35输出动力，从而助力传动轮35转动，达到助力效果。同时，辅助驱动单元20与所述太阳轮34连接，可驱动太阳轮34转动。太阳轮34静止或恒速转动时，曲柄连接轴31的转动速度和传动轮35的转动速度将保持一定速比。当太阳轮34变速转动时，传动轮35、行星架32和太阳轮34的之间转速是变化的，此时曲柄转动输入速度和牙盘100输出速度的传递速比也相应发生变化，从而可产生不同变速效果。可见，本申请提出的驱动与变速一体式中置装置能够同时实现助力驱动和变速功能，相比于现有技术分别采用中置助力驱动+外挂后轮变速或内变速两套系统的方式，具有成本低、体积小、重量轻以及安装维护简单的特点。
进一步地，所述主驱动单元10包括主驱动电机11以及第一减速齿轮组12，所述主驱动电机11通过所述第一减速齿轮组12与所述传动轮35的外齿圈352连接。其中，主驱动电机11用于提供主驱动力。第一减速齿轮组12（行星减速结构或多级系列减速齿轮结构）用于适配速度，输出电助力到驱动轮的外齿圈352。
进一步地，所述辅助驱动单元20包括辅助驱动电机21、单向离合器22以及第二减速齿轮组23，所述辅助驱动电机21通过所述单向离合器22与所述第二减速齿轮组23连接，所述第二减速齿轮组23与所述太阳轮34连接。其中，辅助驱动电机21用于提供动力或者回收动力。单向离合器22只能沿着一个方向转动，反转时脱离驱动。第二减速齿轮组23用于适配速度，驱动太阳轮34转动。
进一步地，所述传动机构30包括多个行星轮33，多个所述行星轮33均匀设于所述太阳轮34与所述传动轮35之间的间隙内。例如，在本实施例中，传动机构30包括4个行星轮33。
进一步地，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括电机固定板40，所述主驱动电机11以及所述辅助驱动电机21均设于所述电机固定板40上。
进一步地，，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括控制器50，所述主驱动单元10以及所述辅助驱动单元20均与所述控制器50连接且受控于所述控制器50。
进一步地，所述曲柄连接轴31的两端均与曲柄60连接。曲柄60上设有脚踏，用于供用户输入人力。
进一步地，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括第一外壳70以及第二外壳80，所述第一外壳70与所述第二外壳80扣合形成容纳腔，所述主驱动单元10、所述辅助驱动单元20以及所述传动机构30均设于所述容纳腔内。
进一步地，本申请提出一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括电池（例如，锂电池）。主驱动单元10以及辅助驱动单元20均与该电池连接且由该电池供电。
进一步地，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括传动盖板90，所述传动盖板90设于所述传动机构30的一侧。
本申请提出的驱动与变速一体式中置装置的运行模式包括人力模式、电助力模式以及变速模式，其中变速模式可以和人力模式或电助力模式同时运行，具体说明如下：
在人力模式时，主驱动单元不运行。辅助驱动单元控制太阳轮处于静止状态。脚踏人力通过曲柄输入，因曲柄和曲柄连接轴是固定，行星架和曲柄连接轴是固定连接。曲柄连接轴转动的同时带动行星架转动，行星架带动行星轮转动，进一步带动传动轮转动，从而联动牙盘运转输出动力。
在电助力模式时，主驱动单元参与运行控制。辅助驱动单元，控制太阳轮以一定速度运行。当脚踏人力带动曲柄转动时，同时联动行星架转动，外齿圈受力转动，同时控制器的内外传感系统迅速响应，通过电控系统运算放大即时得出踏频、扭矩、自行车转速等实时数据，当满足设定条件（如扭矩、转速递增时）电助力即刻开始介入，由主驱动单元控制助力大小运行即主电机工作输出力矩通过主驱动减速齿轮组到传动轮，助力牙盘运转。同时，辅助驱动单元将过剩的能量转换为电能储存到电池中。
在变速模式时，主驱动单元和辅助驱动单元同时参与运行控制。
当脚踏人力带动曲柄转动时，同时联动行星架转动，带动传动轮运行。如果太阳轮静止或恒速，曲柄的转动速度和传动轮的转动速度（即牙盘输出速度）将保持一定速比。
当太阳轮变速转动时，传动轮、行星架和太阳轮的之间转速是变化的，此时曲柄转动输入速度和牙盘输出速度的传递速比也相应发生变化，从而可产生不同变速效果。而输入与输出的速比变化是由控制器经主驱动单元和辅助驱动单元来控制。
本申请实施例还提供一种电助力自行车，所述电助力自行车包括上述实施例提出的驱动与变速一体式中置装置。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详细描述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，尚且本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
以上所述，为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置，其特征在于，包括主驱动单元、辅助驱动单元以及传动机构，所述传动机构包括曲柄连接轴、行星架、行星轮、太阳轮以及传动轮；所述传动轮为环状结构，所述传动轮的内侧设有内齿圈，所述传动轮的外侧设有外齿圈，所述传动轮与牙盘固定连接；所述行星架设于所述传动轮的一侧，所述曲柄连接轴与所述行星架固定连接；所述行星轮设于所述行星架上，且分别与所述太阳轮以及所述传动轮的内齿圈啮合；所述主驱动单元与所述传动轮的外齿圈连接；所述辅助驱动单元与所述太阳轮连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动与变速一体式中置装置，其特征在于，所述主驱动单元包括主驱动电机以及第一减速齿轮组，所述主驱动电机通过所述第一减速齿轮组与所述传动轮的外齿圈连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的驱动与变速一体式中置装置，其特征在于，所述辅助驱动单元包括辅助驱动电机、单向离合器以及第二减速齿轮组，所述辅助驱动电机通过所述单向离合器与所述第二减速齿轮组连接，所述第二减速齿轮组与所述太阳轮连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动与变速一体式中置装置，其特征在于，所述传动机构包括多个行星轮，多个所述行星轮均匀设于所述太阳轮与所述传动轮之间的间隙内。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的驱动与变速一体式中置装置，其特征在于，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括电机固定板，所述主驱动电机以及所述辅助驱动电机均设于所述电机固定板上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动与变速一体式中置装置，其特征在于，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括控制器，所述主驱动单元以及所述辅助驱动单元均与所述控制器连接且受控于所述控制器。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动与变速一体式中置装置，其特征在于，所述曲柄连接轴的两端均与曲柄连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动与变速一体式中置装置，其特征在于，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括第一外壳以及第二外壳，所述第一外壳与所述第二外壳扣合形成容纳腔，所述主驱动单元、所述辅助驱动单元以及所述传动机构均设于所述容纳腔内。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动与变速一体式中置装置，其特征在于，所述驱动与变速一体式中置装置还包括电池，所述主驱动单元以及所述辅助驱动单元均与所述电池连接。
  10. 一种电助力自行车，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的驱动与变速一体式中置装置。
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