WO2010083674A1 - 下锁销体、双侧作用车钩及车钩缓冲装置 - Google Patents

下锁销体、双侧作用车钩及车钩缓冲装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010083674A1
WO2010083674A1 PCT/CN2009/072862 CN2009072862W WO2010083674A1 WO 2010083674 A1 WO2010083674 A1 WO 2010083674A1 CN 2009072862 W CN2009072862 W CN 2009072862W WO 2010083674 A1 WO2010083674 A1 WO 2010083674A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coupler
hook
locking pin
hole
lower locking
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/072862
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜岩
孟庆民
于跃斌
陈龙
崔英俊
王军松
Original Assignee
齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司
牡丹江金缘钩缓制造有限责任公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司, 牡丹江金缘钩缓制造有限责任公司 filed Critical 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司
Priority to US13/142,743 priority Critical patent/US8302791B2/en
Priority to CA2748669A priority patent/CA2748669C/en
Priority to AU2009337999A priority patent/AU2009337999B2/en
Priority to BRPI0923707-0A priority patent/BRPI0923707B1/pt
Publication of WO2010083674A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010083674A1/zh
Priority to ZA2011/05397A priority patent/ZA201105397B/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G7/00—Details or accessories
    • B61G7/02—Hand tools for coupling or uncoupling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a car connecting technology of a rail vehicle, in particular to a lower locking pin body, a double-side operating coupler and a coupler buffering device.
  • the coupler is one of the important components of the railway vehicle and has a standard connection profile. Its main function is to ensure the connection between the vehicles and to realize the train formation and the operation of the towing vehicle.
  • the existing railway coupler generally has three working states: latching, unlocking and full opening, that is, three-state, when the coupler is in the locked state, the hook lock iron blocks the hook tongue from opening, and the hanging vehicle does not automatically separate;
  • the lifting lever lifts the hook lock iron to the unlocking position by the lower locking pin body and the lower locking pin which are hooked up with the coupler lever, and the hook is turned into the unlocking state, and the hook tongue can be opened under the external force, so that the lifting rod can be opened.
  • the vehicle is separated; the hook is lifted to the highest position, and the hook is pushed to the fully open position by the action of the hook lock iron. At this time, the hook is turned into the fully open state, and the adjacent vehicle can be hung.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the state of use of the existing 13 series of action couplers.
  • the operator operates the coupler lever on the side of the railway line with signal display, and the coupler at the rear end of the slippery vehicle is unlocked; during the slipping process, on the one hand, the line
  • the upper reducer should slow down the slipping speed of the slippery car to ensure that the allowable speed is not exceeded when the car is connected to the car; on the other hand, the car should collide with the stop car; thus, the inertia of the car Under the action of force, the hook of the hook of the rear of the car may be rotated around the knuckle pin in the direction of the locking position, that is, the rear coupler is in the fully fully open position or the locked position.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a lower lock pin body that can be applied to a double-sided action coupler to perform a hook operation on both sides of the vehicle. Based on this, the present invention also provides a double-sided action coupler and a coupler cushioning device having the lower lock pin body.
  • the lower locking pin body provided by the invention is used for articulating between the lower locking pin and the lower locking pin hook of the coupler, and has a hooking hole for the hook of the coupler, so as to rotate around the locking pin hook under the action of the hanging hole of the coupler lever
  • the two hooks of the coupler are arranged at two ends of the lower lock pin body.
  • the opening directions of the hanging holes of the two coupler bars are the same.
  • the body hinge is disposed between the lower locking pin and the lower locking pin hook; the lower locking pin body adopts the lower locking pin body as described above, that is, the lower locking pin body of the double-side acting coupler is provided with the hook lifting rod hanging on both sides hole.
  • the coupler cushioning device comprises a coupler, a coupler lever hooked with the hook of the coupler of the coupler, and a coupler lever seat used with the coupler lifter; the coupler lifter has a matching place
  • the coupler lifter has a limiting section, and the cross-sectional shape of the coupler lifter of the restricting section is a rectangle adapted to a strip-shaped cross section of the lower part of the keyhole-shaped through hole;
  • the coupler adopts a double-side acting coupler as described above
  • the ratio of the width dimension to the height dimension of the cross section of the coupler lifter is 2/5 ⁇ 3/4; the coupler stem restricting section and the strip hole wall of the keyhole shaped through hole
  • the ratio between the gap between the gap and the cross-sectional width dimension of the coupler stem restriction section is 1/10 ⁇ 1/8.
  • the ratio of the width dimension to the height dimension of the cross section of the coupler lever limiting section 1/2; a ratio between a gap between the coupler stem restricting section and the strip-shaped hole wall of the keyhole-shaped through hole and a cross-sectional width dimension of the coupler stem restricting section is 1/9.
  • the ratio of the width dimension to the height dimension of the cross section of the coupler lever limiting section is 2/5; the gap between the coupler stem limiting section and the strip hole wall of the keyhole shaped through hole is The ratio between the cross-sectional width dimensions of the coupler lift restricting section is 1/10.
  • the ratio of the width dimension to the height dimension of the cross section of the coupler lever limiting section is 3/4; the gap between the coupler stem limiting section and the strip hole wall of the keyhole shaped through hole is The ratio between the cross-sectional width dimensions of the coupler lever limiting section is 1/8.
  • the realization of the hinged relationship between the lower locking pin body and the lower locking pin and the lower locking pin respectively provided by the present invention is the same as the prior art, wherein the design
  • the main point is that there are two hook hanger hole holes, which are respectively disposed at the two end ends of the lower lock pin body, so that the operator can perform the front and rear couplers of the connection between the two vehicles on either side of the vehicle body. Reliably open the hook.
  • the operator can operate the coupler lifts of the front and rear couplers on the side of the railway line with signal display.
  • the rear hook of the slippery vehicle is blocked, it is not fully fully open or Blocking bit.
  • the front hook of the subsequent slide car is in the fully open lock position, so that the subsequent slide car can be successfully hanged after being slid down, thereby ensuring the success rate of the group connection.
  • the opening directions of the hanging holes of the two hooks are the same, so that the rotation angles of the hooking operations on both sides of the vehicle are the same, which is beneficial to the operator.
  • Open hook operation ; and has good processability, and is suitable for mass production.
  • the coupler cushioning device is provided with hooks and hooks on both sides of the coupler, and the hooks of the coupler are hooked up and hooked to the hooks of the couplers on both sides of the lower lock pin body.
  • the hook When opening the hook, operate the coupler lever on one side, lift the restriction section to the keyhole type hole position, rotate the coupler lever, and the lower lock pin body rotates. At this time, the coupler is opened.
  • the hook head of the coupler lever is hooked to the coupler lever, when the side hook lifter is lifted, the hook end of the opposite side of the coupler lifter is lifted with a gap therebetween.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the use state of the existing 13 series action type coupler
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the hump shunting operation; wherein, Figure 2a shows the working state before the slipping; Figure 2b shows the working state after the slipping;
  • Figure 3a is a front view of the lower locking pin body of the present invention
  • Figure 3b is a side view of the double-sided action coupler provided by the present invention
  • Figure 5 shows three working states of the double-sided action coupler provided by the present invention; wherein, Figure 5a is a locked state; Figure 5b is an unlocked state; Figure 5c is a fully open state;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an application state of a coupler cushioning device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B - B of Figure 6;
  • Lower locking pin body 1 coupler lever hanging holes 11, 12; first hinge hole 13; second hinge hole 14; hook body 2; knuckle 3; hook lock iron 4; lower lock pin 5; Double side action coupler 10; coupler lifter 20; coupler lifter seat 30; body 40.
  • the core of the present invention is to provide a lower locking pin body having two hooks for hanging hooks for articulating between the lower locking pin and the lower locking pin of the coupler so as to be respectively arranged on both sides of the coupler.
  • the hook of the coupler is hooked to meet the needs of the double-side hook operation, and is suitable for the train grouping conditions such as hump shunting.
  • Fig. 3a is a front view of the lower locking pin body of the present invention
  • FIG. 3b is the A-direction view of Fig. 3a.
  • the lower lock pin body 1 has two coupler lever hanging holes 11, 12 which are respectively disposed at both side ends of the lower lock pin body 1.
  • the outer structural size of the lower locking pin body 1 provided by the present embodiment is different from the existing one.
  • the lower locking pin body 1 of the 13 series lower acting coupler has the same outer shape and the same size to fit the space size of the lower cavity of the hook body, so that it can be secured with the lower locking pin during the three-state change of the coupler.
  • the reliability of the cooperation between the lower locking pins As shown, the first hinge hole 13 on the upper left side is for articulation with the lower lock pin, and the second hinge hole 14 on the lower right side is for articulation with the lower lock pin.
  • the trajectory of the lower pin body 1 of the present invention is the same as that of the conventional type 13 coupler.
  • the opening directions of the two hook lifting holes 11 and 12 are the same. In this way, the angle of rotation when the hooking operation is performed on both sides of the vehicle is uniform, which is advantageous for the operator to perform simultaneous operation; and has good processability and is suitable for mass production.
  • the embodiment also provides a double-sided action coupler 10, including a hook body 2, a knuckle 3, a knuckle push iron, a knuckle pin, a hook lock iron 4, a lower lock pin 5, a lower lock pin body 1 and a lock Main components such as the pin hook 6; wherein, the main body structure of the hook body 2, the knuckle 3, the knuckle push iron, the knuckle pin, the hook lock iron 4, the lower lock pin 5, and the lower lock pin 6 are the same as the existing 13 series
  • the lower-acting couplers are identical, and those skilled in the art can realize the processing and assembly of the aforementioned components based on the prior art, and thus the foregoing components are not specifically described herein. Referring to Figure 4, there is shown a schematic view of the overall structure of the double-sided action coupler provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows three working states of the double-sided action coupler provided by the present invention; wherein, FIG. 5a is a locked state; FIG. 5b is an unlocked state; and FIG. 5c is a fully open state.
  • the lower locking pin body 1 employs a lower locking pin body as previously described; it is hingedly disposed between the lower locking pin 5 and the lower locking pin 6.
  • the coupler cushioning device provided by the present invention comprises a double-side action coupler 10, a coupler lifter 20 hooked to the coupler lever hanging hole of the coupler 10, and a coupler lifter used with the coupler lifter 20.
  • Block 30 the coupler cushioning device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 6.
  • the coupler lever seat 30 has a keyhole-shaped through hole 31, that is, an upper circular shape.
  • the hole and the lower strip hole are formed; the coupler lever 20 is inserted into the keyhole-shaped through hole 31 of the coupler lever seat 30, and the coupler lift 20 at the mating portion has a restricting section 21, the restricting section 21
  • the cross-sectional shape of the coupler lever is a rectangle adapted to the strip-shaped cross section of the lower portion of the keyhole-shaped through hole 31.
  • the coupler levers 30 are two, respectively fixed on the vehicle body 40 on both sides of the coupler 10; the coupler lifters 20 are two, and the hook ends of the two coupler lifts 20 respectively pass through two After the keyhole-shaped through holes 31 of the coupler lever seat are passed out, respectively, they are respectively hooked with the two hooks of the double-side action coupler 10 (not shown); the coupler lifts are restricted There is a gap between the segment 21 and the strip-shaped hole wall of the keyhole-shaped through hole 31.
  • the present invention compares the ratio of the width dimension to the height dimension of the cross section of the coupler lifter restriction section and the coupler lifter limit section and the keyhole shape
  • the ratio ⁇ between the gaps between the strip walls of the holes and the cross-sectional width dimension of the coupler stem restriction section is optimized. Specifically: ⁇ is 1/2, ⁇ is 1/9; ⁇ is 2/5, ⁇ is 1/10; ⁇ is 3/4, and ⁇ is 1/8.
  • the two parameter ratios ⁇ and ⁇ are not limited to the above three numerical combination schemes; as long as the ratio ⁇ is between 2/5 and 3/4 and the ratio ⁇ is 1/10 to 1 Between /8, are within the protection scope of this patent.
  • any one of the side coupler levers of the present invention when any one of the side coupler levers of the present invention is operated to perform the hooking operation, the problem of mutual interference does not occur, and the operation is reliable; further, the hooks of the couplers on both sides are provided with corresponding The coupler lifter of the keyhole-shaped hanging hole realizes double-side hooking without reducing the anti-separation performance of the coupler.
  • the technical solution of the present invention can be applied to a new vehicle, and can also be applied to the modification of the existing vehicle. In the specific operation, only the lower locking pin body needs to be replaced, and the rest of the structure and parts of the coupler are unchanged, and the structural cylinder is reliable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

下锁销体、 双侧作用车钩及车钩緩冲装置 本申请要求于 2009 年 1 月 22 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200910006054.8、 发明名称为"下锁销体、 双侧作用车钩及车钩緩冲装置" 的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及有轨车辆的车厢连接技术， 具体涉及一种下锁销体、 双侧 作用车钩及车钩緩冲装置。 背景技术
车钩是铁道车辆的重要部件之一， 具有标准的连接轮廓； 其主要作用 是保证车辆之间的连挂和实现列车编组、 牽引车辆的运行。
现有铁路车钩一般具有三种工作状态： 闭锁、 开锁和全开， 即三态， 车钩处于闭锁状态时， 钩锁铁挡住钩舌不能张开， 连挂中的车辆不会自动 分离； 转动车钩提杆， 通过与车钩提杆挂接的下锁销体以及下锁销向上动 力提起钩锁铁至开锁位置， 这时车钩转入开锁状态， 钩舌在外力推动下即 可张开， 可使车辆分离； 将车钩提杆提到最高位置， 借助于钩锁铁的作用 将钩舌推至完全张开位置， 这时车钩转入全开状态， 相邻车辆即可连挂。 在车辆碰撞时可使两车自行连挂， 并且从外侧操纵车钩提杆便能实现连挂 车辆的摘解， 这样， 即可提高列车的编组作业效率， 又能够保证作业人员 的人身安全。 参见图 1 , 该图是现有 13系列下作用式车钩的使用状态示意 图。
在驼峰调车作业中 （参见图 2a和图 2b ) , 作业人员在具有信号显示 的铁路线一侧操作车钩提杆， 溜放车后端的车钩处于开锁状态； 在溜放过 程中， 一方面线路上减速器要减緩溜放车的溜放速度， 以保证调车连挂时 不超过允许速度； 另一方面溜放车与停留车连挂时要发生冲撞； 这样， 在 溜放车的惯性力作用下， 可能会导致溜放车后钩的钩舌绕着钩舌销向闭锁 位方向回转， 也就是说， 后车钩处于非完全全开位或闭锁位。 而此时后续 溜放车的前钩处于闭锁位， 因此，待后续溜放车下溜后无法与其成功连挂， 从而降低了编组连挂的成功率， 影响编组作业效率； 同时， 也影响作业人 员的作业安全性。
有鉴于此， 亟待研制开发出一种的双侧作用车钩， 以适应驼峰调车等 列车车辆编组作业工况。 发明内容
针对上述缺陷， 本发明解决的技术问题在于， 提供一种可应用于双侧 作用车钩的下锁销体， 以实现在车辆两侧进行车钩操纵作业。在此基础上， 本发明还提供了具有该下锁销体的双侧作用车钩及车钩緩冲装置。
本发明提供的下锁销体， 用于铰接在车钩的下锁销和下锁销钩之间， 具有车钩提杆挂孔， 以便于在车钩提杆挂孔的作用下绕下锁销钩转动； 所 述车钩提杆挂孔为两个， 分别设置在所述下锁销体的两侧端部。
优选地， 所述两个车钩提杆挂孔的开孔方向一致。
本发明提供的双侧作用车钩， 包括钩体、 钩舌、 钩舌推铁、 钩舌销、 钩锁铁、 下锁销、 下锁销体和下锁销钩， 其中， 所述下锁销体铰接设置在 下锁销和下锁销钩之间； 所述下锁销体采用如前所述的下锁销体， 即双侧 作用车钩的下锁销体两侧均设有车钩提杆挂孔。
本发明提供的车钩緩冲装置， 包括车钩、 与车钩的车钩提杆挂孔挂接 的车钩提杆以及与车钩提杆配合使用的车钩提杆座； 所述车钩提杆座具有 且配合处的车钩提杆具有限制段， 该限制段的车钩提杆横截面形状为与所 述钥匙孔形通孔下部的条形截面相适配的矩形； 所述车钩采用如前所述的 双侧作用车钩； 所述车钩提杆座为两个， 分别固定设置在车钩两侧的车体 上； 所述车钩提杆为两个， 且两个车钩提杆的钩头端分别经两个所述车钩 提杆座的钥匙孔形通孔穿出后， 分别与所述双侧作用车钩的两个钩提杆挂 隙。
优选地， 所述车钩提杆限制段横截面的宽度尺寸与高度尺寸的比值为 2/5 ~ 3/4;所述车钩提杆限制段和所述钥匙孔形通孔的条形孔壁之间的间隙 与所述车钩提杆限制段横截面宽度尺寸之间的比值为 1/10 ~ 1/8。
优选地， 所述车钩提杆限制段横截面的宽度尺寸与高度尺寸的比值为 1/2; 所述车钩提杆限制段和所述钥匙孔形通孔的条形孔壁之间的间隙与所 述车钩提杆限制段横截面宽度尺寸之间的比值为 1/9。
优选地， 所述车钩提杆限制段横截面的宽度尺寸与高度尺寸的比值为 2/5; 所述车钩提杆限制段和所述钥匙孔形通孔的条形孔壁之间的间隙与所 述车钩提杆限制段横截面宽度尺寸之间的比值为 1/10。
优选地， 所述车钩提杆限制段横截面的宽度尺寸与高度尺寸的比值为 3/4; 所述车钩提杆限制段和所述钥匙孔形通孔的条形孔壁之间的间隙与所 述车钩提杆限制段横截面宽度尺寸之间的比值为 1/8。
与现有 13系列下作用式车钩的下锁销体相比，本发明所提供的下锁销 体分别与下锁销和下锁销钩之间铰接关系的实现与现有技术相同， 其中设 计要点在于具有两个车钩提杆挂孔，分别设置在所述下锁销体的两侧端部， 以便于作业人员在车体的任意一侧均能够对两车辆间连接端的前、 后车钩 进行可靠地开钩作业。
对于驼峰调车作业来说， 作业人员可在具有信号显示的铁路线一侧操 作前后车钩的车钩提杆， 在溜放过程中， 即使溜放车的后钩受阻后处于非 完全全开位或闭锁位。 而此时后续溜放车的前钩处于全开锁位， 因此， 可 确保后续溜放车下溜后与其成功连挂， 进而可确保编组连挂的成功率。
在本发明提供的下锁销体的优选方案中， 两个所述车钩提杆挂孔的开 孔方向一致， 这样， 在车辆两侧进行开钩操作时的转动角度一致， 有利于 作业人员进行开钩操作； 并且具有较好的工艺性， 适应批量生产。
本发明提供的车钩緩冲装置， 车钩两侧分别设置有车钩提杆和车钩提 穿出后与下锁销体两侧的车钩提杆挂孔挂接。 开钩时， 操作一侧的车钩提 杆， 将其限制段提升到钥匙孔型的圆孔位置后， 旋转车钩提杆， 下锁销体 随之旋转， 此时打开车钩。 与此同时， 由于所述车钩提杆的钩头与车钩提 杆挂接， 当该侧车钩提杆提升时，相对侧的车钩提杆的钩头端会随其提升， 之间具有间隙， 当该侧车钩提杆转动时， 相对侧的车钩提杆可在下锁销体 的车钩提杆挂孔的条形孔内摆动； 反之亦然。 综上， 操作本发明的任一侧车钩提杆进行开钩作业时， 均不会发生相 互干涉的问题出现， 不影响车钩的使用及性能， 具有操作可靠的特点； 进 以获得良好的防分离性能。 附图说明
图 1是现有 13系列下作用式车钩的使用状态示意图；
图 2是驼峰调车作业示意图； 其中， 图 2a示出了溜放前的工作状态； 图 2b示出了溜放后的工作状态；
图 3a是本发明所述下锁销体的主视图； 图 3b是图 3a的 A向视图； 图 4是本发明提供的双侧作用车钩的整体结构示意图；
图 5示出了本发明提供的双侧作用车钩的三个工作状态； 其中， 图 5a 为闭锁状态； 图 5b为开锁状态； 图 5c为全开状态；
图 6是本发明提供的车钩緩冲装置的应用状态示意图；
图 7是图 6的 B - B剖视图。
图 3 —图 7中：
下锁销体 1 ; 车钩提杆挂孔 11、 12; 第一铰接孔 13; 第二铰接孔 14; 钩体 2; 钩舌 3; 钩锁铁 4; 下锁销 5; 下锁销钩 6; 双侧作用车钩 10; 车 钩提杆 20; 车钩提杆座 30; 车体 40。 具体实施方式
本发明的核心在于提供了一种具有两个车钩提杆挂孔的下锁销体， 用 于铰接在车钩的下锁销和下锁销钩之间， 以便于分别与设置在车钩两侧的 车钩提杆挂接， 从而满足双侧开钩操作的使用需要， 以适用于驼峰调车等 列车编组作业工况。
下面结合说明书附图具体说明本实施方式。
参见图 3a和图 3b, 其中， 图 3a是本发明所述下锁销体的主视图； 图
3b是图 3a的 A向视图。
如图 3a所示， 下锁销体 1具有两个车钩提杆挂孔 11、 12, 分别设置 在所述下锁销体 1的两侧端部。
结合图 3b所示，本实施方式提供的下锁销体 1的外形结构尺寸与现有 13系列下作用式车钩的下锁销体 1的外形结构尺寸大致相同， 以适应与其 相配合的钩体下腔的空间尺寸， 从而在车钩的三态变化过程中能够保证其 与下锁销和下锁销钩之间配合动作的可靠性。 如图所示， 左侧上方的第一 铰接孔 13用于与下锁销铰接， 右侧下方的第二铰接孔 14用于与下锁销钩 铰接。
也就是说，本发明所述下锁销体 1的运动轨迹与现有 13型车钩的运动 轨迹是相同的。
进一步地， 所述两个车钩提杆挂孔 11、 12的开孔方向一致。 这样， 在 车辆两侧进行开钩操作时的转动角度一致，有利于作业人员进行同时操作； 并且具有较好的工艺性， 适应批量生产。
本实施方式还提供了一种双侧作用车钩 10, 包括钩体 2、 钩舌 3、 钩 舌推铁、 钩舌销、 钩锁铁 4、 下锁销 5、 下锁销体 1和下锁销钩 6等主要部 件； 其中， 钩体 2、 钩舌 3、 钩舌推铁、 钩舌销、 钩锁铁 4、 下锁销 5和下 锁销钩 6等部件主体结构与现有 13系列下作用式车钩完全相同，本领域的 普通技术人员基于现有可以实现前述部件的加工、 装配， 故本文中未对前 述组件进行具体说明。 参见图 4, 该图是是本发明提供的双侧作用车钩的 整体结构示意图。
请一并参见图 5 , 该图示出了本发明提供的双侧作用车钩的三个工作 状态； 其中， 图 5a为闭锁状态； 图 5b为开锁状态； 图 5c为全开状态。
如图所示， 下锁销体 1采用如前所述的下锁销体； 其铰接设置在下锁 销 5和下锁销钩 6之间。
参见图 6, 该图是本发明提供的车钩緩冲装置的应用状态示意图。 如图 6所示， 本发明提供的车钩緩冲装置， 包括双侧作用车钩 10、 与 车钩 10的车钩提杆挂孔挂接的车钩提杆 20以及与车钩提杆 20配合使用的 车钩提杆座 30。
其中， 所述车钩提杆 20和车钩提杆座 30的结构及其与相关部件之间 的配合关系与现有 13系列下作用式车钩大致相同。 请一并参见图 7, 该图 是图 6的 B - B剖视图。
如图所示， 所述车钩提杆座 30具有钥匙孔形通孔 31 , 即由上部圆形 孔和下部条形孔构成； 所述车钩提杆 20穿装在所述车钩提杆座 30的钥匙 孔形通孔 31内， 且配合处的车钩提杆 20具有限制段 21 , 该限制段 21车 钩提杆横截面形状为与所述钥匙孔形通孔 31 下部的条形截面相适配的矩 形。 所述车钩提杆座 30为两个， 分别固定设置在车钩 10两侧的车体 40 上； 所述车钩提杆 20为两个， 且两个车钩提杆 20的钩头端分别经两个所 述车钩提杆座的钥匙孔形通孔 31穿出后， 分别与所述双侧作用车钩 10的 两个车钩提杆挂孔挂接（图中未示出）； 所述车钩提杆限制段 21与所述钥 匙孔形通孔 31的条形孔壁之间具有间隙。
为确保两侧车钩提杆之间可靠的运动关系， 本发明对所述车钩提杆限 制段横截面的宽度尺寸与高度尺寸的比值 α以及所述车钩提杆限制段和所 述钥匙孔形通孔的条形孔壁之间的间隙与所述车钩提杆限制段横截面宽度 尺寸之间的比值 β进行了优化设计。具体地： α为 1/2, β为 1/9; α为 2/5 , β为 1/10; α为 3/4, β为 1/8。
需要说明的是，两个参数比值 α和 β不局限于前述三种数值组合方案； 只要比值 α的取值在 2/5 ~ 3/4之间且比值 β的取值在 1/10 ~ 1/8之间， 均 在本专利的保护范围内。
装配时， 首先将车钩安装在牽引梁中， 再将两个车钩提杆的钩头端分 别经车钩提杆座的钥匙孔形通孔穿出后与下锁销体两侧的车钩提杆挂孔挂 接； 之后再将钩提杆座固定在车体端墙上。 开钩时， 操作一侧的车钩提杆， 将其限制段提升到钥匙孔型的圆孔位置后， 旋转车钩提杆， 下锁销体随之 旋转， 此时打开车钩。 与此同时， 所述车钩提杆的钩头与车钩提杆挂接， 当该侧车钩提杆提升时， 相对侧的车钩提杆的钩头端会随其提升， 但不会 有间隙， 当该侧车钩提杆转动时， 相对侧的车钩提杆可在下锁销体的车钩 提杆挂孔的条形孔内摆动。
综上， 操作本发明的任一侧车钩提杆进行开钩作业时， 均不会发生相 互干涉的问题出现， 具有操作可靠的特点； 进一步地， 针对两侧的车钩提 杆设有相应的具有钥匙孔形挂孔的车钩提杆座， 在不降低车钩防分离性能 的情况下实现双侧开钩。 需要说明的是， 本发明技术方案即能应用于出厂新车， 也可应用于现 车改造， 具体操作时仅需更换下锁销体， 车钩其余结构、 零部件不变， 结 构筒单可靠。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式， 应当指出， 对于本技术领域的 普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下， 还可以做出若干改进 和润饰， 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 下锁销体， 用于铰接在车钩的下锁销和下锁销钩之间， 该下锁销体 具有车钩提杆挂孔， 以便于在车钩提杆挂孔的作用下绕下锁销钩转动， 其 特征在于， 所述车钩提杆挂孔为两个， 分别设置在所述下锁销体的两侧端 部。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的下锁销体， 其特征在于， 所述两个车钩提杆 挂孔的开孔方向一致。
3、 双侧作用车钩， 包括钩体、 钩舌、 钩舌推铁、 钩舌销、 钩锁铁、 下 锁销、 下锁销体和下锁销钩， 其中， 所述下锁销体铰接设置在下锁销和下 锁销钩之间， 其特征在于， 所述下锁销体采用如权利要求 1或 2所述的下 锁销体， 即双侧作用车钩的下锁销体两侧均设有车钩提杆挂孔。
4、 车钩緩冲装置， 包括车钩、 与车钩的车钩提杆挂孔挂接的车钩提杆 以及与车钩提杆配合使用的车钩提杆座； 所述车钩提杆座具有钥匙孔形通 车钩提杆具有限制段， 该限制段的车钩提杆横截面形状为与所述钥匙孔形 通孔下部的条形截面相适配的矩形； 其特征在于，
所述车钩采用如权利要求 3所述的双侧作用车钩；
所述车钩提杆座为两个， 分别固定设置在车钩两侧的车体上； 所述车钩提杆为两个， 且两个车钩提杆的钩头端分别经两个所述车钩 提杆座的钥匙孔形通孔穿出后， 分别与所述双侧作用车钩的两个钩提杆挂 孔挂接；
所述车钩提杆限制段与所述钥匙孔形通孔的条形孔壁之间具有间隙。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的车钩緩冲装置， 其特征在于， 所述车钩提杆 限制段横截面的宽度尺寸与高度尺寸的比值为 2/5 ~ 3/4; 所述车钩提杆限 制段和所述钥匙孔形通孔的条形孔壁之间的间隙与所述车钩提杆限制段横 截面宽度尺寸之间的比值为 1/10 ~ 1/8。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的车钩緩冲装置， 其特征在于， 所述车钩提杆 限制段横截面的宽度尺寸与高度尺寸的比值为 1/2;所述车钩提杆限制段和 所述钥匙孔形通孔的条形孔壁之间的间隙与所述车钩提杆限制段横截面宽 度尺寸之间的比值为 1/9。
7、根据权利要求 5所述的车钩緩冲装置， 其特征在于， 所述车钩提杆 限制段横截面的宽度尺寸与高度尺寸的比值为 2/5;所述车钩提杆限制段和 所述钥匙孔形通孔的条形孔壁之间的间隙与所述车钩提杆限制段横截面宽 度尺寸之间的比值为 1/10。
8、根据权利要求 5所述的车钩緩冲装置， 其特征在于， 所述车钩提杆 限制段横截面的宽度尺寸与高度尺寸的比值为 3/4;所述车钩提杆限制段和 所述钥匙孔形通孔的条形孔壁之间的间隙与所述车钩提杆限制段横截面宽 度尺寸之间的比值为 1/8。
PCT/CN2009/072862 2009-01-22 2009-07-22 下锁销体、双侧作用车钩及车钩缓冲装置 WO2010083674A1 (zh)

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