WO2010074602A1

WO2010074602A1 - Bioavailable form of microelement additives to feed mixtures for animals and birds

Info

Publication number: WO2010074602A1
Application number: PCT/RU2009/000662
Authority: WO
Inventors: Сергей Петрович ВОРОНИН; Иван Иванович ГОЛУБОВ
Original assignee: Voronin Sergei Petrovich; Golubov Ivan Ivanovich
Priority date: 2008-12-25
Filing date: 2009-12-02
Publication date: 2010-07-01
Also published as: RU2008151504A; RU2411747C2; EA021629B1; UA103913C2; EA201100628A1

Abstract

A bioavailable form of microelement additives to feed mixtures for animals and birds includes a group of microelements containing manganese, iron, copper, cobalt and zinc, or each of the aforementioned microelements individually, characterised in that aspartic acid is used as a substance forming a compound with metals, in which the molar ratio of aspartic acid to metal is from 1:1 to 2:1, and the percentage content of metals is from 11% to 20%.

Description

Bioavailable form of trace elements in feed mixtures for animals and birds

The invention relates to the field of feed production for farm animals and poultry, in particular to the composition of the premixes and compound feeds for trace elements additives of iron, cobalt, zinc, copper and manganese compounds. Inorganic feed additives are known.

(sulfates, carbonates, oxides) metal compounds (copper, iron, cobalt, zinc and manganese) (see A. Henning, Minerals, vitamins, biostimulants in feeding farm animals, Moscow, Kolos, 1976). A significant drawback of such compounds is the low degree of their assimilation by animals and birds. In addition, sulfate compounds are hygroscopic in nature, which, due to moisture, leads to undesirable chemical transformations in feed mixtures (for example, copper sulfate binds iodide additives into an insoluble complex unsuitable for feed additives. A feed additive for farm animals and birds containing micronutrients is known, iron, copper, cobalt, additionally containing zinc sulfate, terpene oils, nine-sodium metasilicate and water (see patent RU JN ° 2081612, publ. 06/20/1997). This feed additive is a low degree of biological assimilation of trace elements.

Known feed additive for farm animals and birds, containing as salts of trace elements iron, copper, zinc, manganese and cobalt tallate in a certain ratio of components (see patent RU N ° 2086148 publ. 08/10/1997). However, additives based on thallium salts are not well absorbed by animals and birds.

Known feed additive containing nine-sodium metasilicate, biologically active substance and water, as well as trace elements of iron, copper, cobalt, ascorbic acid, while rosin was used as a biologically active substance in a certain ratio of components (see patent RU N ° 2122810, publ. . 12/10/1998). However, this feed additive does not have a high degree of biological assimilation of trace elements, but is aimed mainly at increasing the level of hemoglobin in the blood of animals and birds.

Known feed additive for animals and birds, which includes an aqueous mixture of nine-sodium metasilicate, terpene oils and trace elements: zinc, manganese, iron, copper and cobalt, and also contains tripoli in a certain amount of the total weight of the feed additive (see RU patent N ° 2161416 publ. 10.01.2001). This feed additive, although it expands the range of feed additives, does not solve the main problem, namely, a significant increase in the bioavailability of trace elements.

There are also new forms of micronutrient additives under the general brand name "Віорлех" ("bioplexes"), for example, the American company Аlltech, Ips, which are compounds (complexes) of iron, manganese, copper and zinc with organic compounds, which are mixtures of hydrolysates protein substances with oligoproteins. The use of bioplexes improves the bioavailability of brooms and reduces the need for them by about a factor of two while maintaining the level of productivity (see J. APPL POINT 2007.16 448-455, Y. M. Wao, M. Schott, P. A. Iji and K. Wuetop Effective of Orgapisallu Compréléd Sorrer, Igop, Manganese and Zips on Vorogel Performaps, Mipegal Excrsti apd Assumulatiip ip Tissués). Bioplexes are the closest analogues, which we adopted as a prototype. The disadvantage of the prototype is the low degree of reduction in the need of animals and birds in trace elements, which helps to increase the negative impact of compounds of heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, etc.), as well as arsenic, which always accompany any metal compounds and are poorly excreted from the animal’s body and birds.

The aim of the present invention is the creation of trace elements in feed with a high degree of biological assimilation of both the metals themselves and protein, fat, nitrogen and phosphorus by the body of animals and birds.

This goal is achieved by the fact that as feed additives are used compounds of a complex of trace elements manganese, zinc, cobalt, iron and copper, as well as each of the above trace elements with an organic compound - aspartic amino acid, with a molar ratio of aspartic acid - metal from 1: 1 to 2: 1, and the percentage of metals from 1 1 to 20%. As a result of this, the need for the amount of micronutrient additives is reduced by 10-20 times.

Asparaginates of these metals are obtained by direct interaction of metal sulfates with a stoichiometric amount of aspartic acid according to the complexation mechanism in a neutral environment, followed by drying by thermal spraying.

Unlike sulfates, metal asparaginates are non-hygroscopic non-hygroscopic free-flowing fine powders of lilac color for cobalt, blue color for copper, beige color for iron, slightly beige color for manganese, and white color for zinc. Metal asparaginates are convenient in the preparation of feed mixtures, while undesirable chemical interactions of metals with other components of the mixtures are eliminated in the mixtures themselves. For example, when sulfates of trace elements are used, which tend to absorb additional hygroscopic moisture, the process of formation of an insoluble compound of iodide additives with copper ions occurs, which is not absorbed by the body of animals and birds.

Another very important feature is that any metal compounds contribute to the impurities of toxic compounds of heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, etc.), as well as arsenic, which are poorly excreted from animals and birds.

Reducing the dose of metal consumption due to the use of metal asparaginates by 10-20 times reduces the degree of poisoning of animals and birds with heavy metals by the same amount. The bioavailable form of trace elements in feed mixtures for animals and birds was obtained as a result of working out rational dosages of trace elements in a mineral premix, including L-aspartates of domestic trace elements (SBC LLC - Saratov 2007). To accomplish this task, experimental mineral premixes were made, which were used to grow Hubbard cross broilers. The experiment was carried out in the conditions of vivarium IT "Zagorsk" EPH VNITIP. The experimental design is shown in table 1. Recipes of experimental feed in table 2.

1. Scheme of experience

used L-aspartates of manganese, zinc, cobalt, iron and copper, ** the vitamin part of the premix is the same for all groups.

Poultry was grown without gender separation in P-15 cells in compliance with accepted technological parameters of the content.

Feeding was carried out ad libitum with dry full feed in accordance with the nutritional standards, according to the recommendations of VNITIP 2006.

Veterinary measures were carried out in accordance with the vaccination plan adopted by the farm.

During the experiment, we took into account: live weight of poultry at 7, 21 days and at the end of rearing (by individually weighing the entire livestock), livestock safety, average daily gain in live weight, feed consumption and cost per 1 kg of live weight gain, meat chemical composition, trace elements in the bones. Table 2 . Experimental feed recipes

The main zootechnical results of poultry rearing are presented in table 3. Table 3 The main zootechnical results of the experiment on broilers

As can be seen from table 3 in the first growing period, the live weight of the experimental poultry exceeded the control in groups 3 and 4, in which the chickens received 10% and 5% of the norm (calculated on the active substance) of mineral salts in the form of aspartate. At the same time, on day 21, the live weight of broilers in these groups exceeded the control by 3.9 and 21, 18%, respectively. By the 28th day of rearing, a similar trend continued, and the chickens of these groups exceeded the control by 5.8 and 20.5%. Moreover, the experimental bird of the second group, which received 20% of the norm (calculated on the active substance) of trace elements salts in the form of aspartate, lagged behind the control bird in development. At 21 days - by 4.1%, and by day 28 this lag was - 1, 4%. Thus, the zootechnical results of broiler growing indicate that the aspartate salts of trace elements have a high bioavailability for poultry and, when the level of input of trace elements is reduced to 10 and 5% of the norm, allows for high broiler productivity. The use of aspartates at a dose of 20% and above, on the contrary, has a negative effect on the development of chickens due to excessive intake of trace elements and aspartic acid, and leads to a decrease in productive indicators.

It should be noted that the use of salts of aspartic acid had a positive effect on the absorption of sulfur-containing amino acids and contributed to the good operability of the experimental bird. We also did not note the presence of chickens with pathology of the legs. All this indicates that the experimental bird did not experience a deficiency of trace elements and a decrease in the level of input of trace elements to 5% did not adversely affect the development of experimental broilers.

The balance sheet data presented in table 4 are generally consistent with the zootechnical results of the cultivation.

Table 4 The use of feed nutrients,%

So, the use of trace elements in the form of salts of aspartic acid had a positive effect on the state of mineral metabolism. The use of phosphorus in all experimental groups was higher than the control by 8.3%; 8.8 and 16.9% in the second, third and fourth experimental groups, respectively.

Moreover, the best use of feed nutrients was observed in the fourth experimental group, the chickens of which received 5% of the norm of micronutrient aspartates. So in terms of digestibility of protein, dry matter of feed, fat and the use of nitrogen, they exceeded control by 0.45%; 2.64%; 3.45%; 2.87%, respectively, which is consistent with the zootechnical results of the cultivation.

Thus, as a result of research, the high efficiency of trace elements in the form of salts of aspartic acid in broiler cultivation has been proved.

The practice of using additives of metal asparaginates in feed, for example, broilers, shows an increase in meat productivity by 18%.

Claims

Claim

1. Bioavailable form of trace elements in feed mixtures for animals and birds, including a complex of trace elements containing manganese, iron, copper, cobalt and zinc, or each of the above trace elements individually, characterized in that as a substance forming a compound with metals, Aspartic acid is used, while the molar ratio of aspartic acid to metal is from 1: 1 to 2: 1, and the percentage of metals is from 1 1 to 20%.