WO2010066875A1 - Inertisierungsverfahren zur brandverhütung und/oder feuerlöschung sowie inertisierungsanlage zur durchführung des verfahrens - Google Patents
Inertisierungsverfahren zur brandverhütung und/oder feuerlöschung sowie inertisierungsanlage zur durchführung des verfahrens Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010066875A1 WO2010066875A1 PCT/EP2009/066920 EP2009066920W WO2010066875A1 WO 2010066875 A1 WO2010066875 A1 WO 2010066875A1 EP 2009066920 W EP2009066920 W EP 2009066920W WO 2010066875 A1 WO2010066875 A1 WO 2010066875A1
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- nitrogen
- gas mixture
- oxygen
- enclosed space
- oxygen content
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/002—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for warehouses, storage areas or other installations for storing goods
- A62C3/004—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for warehouses, storage areas or other installations for storing goods for freezing warehouses and storages
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an inerting method according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention particularly relates to an inerting method for fire prevention and / or fire extinguishing, in which a predeterminable and compared to the normal ambient air reduced oxygen content is set and maintained in the room atmosphere of an enclosed space.
- an initial gas mixture is provided, which comprises oxygen, nitrogen and optionally other components, wherein from this provided initial gas mixture in a gas separation system at least part of the oxygen separated and provided in this way at the outlet of the gas separation system, a nitrogen-enriched gas mixture , and wherein this nitrogen-enriched gas mixture is conducted into the room atmosphere of the enclosed space.
- the invention further relates to an inerting system for setting and / or holding a predeterminable and compared to the normal ambient air reduced oxygen content in the room atmosphere of an enclosed space, wherein the inerting has a gas separation system, with which of a nitrogen and oxygen-containing initial gas mixture at least a portion of oxygen and thus providing at the exit of the gas separation system a nitrogen-enriched gas mixture, and wherein the inertization unit comprises a supply line system for supplying the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture to the enclosed space.
- An inerting installation of the aforementioned type is, in particular, a facility for reducing the risk and extinguishing fires in a protected area to be monitored, with the protection space being permanently inertized for fire prevention or fire fighting.
- the mode of operation of such an inerting system is based on the knowledge that in enclosed spaces the risk of fire can be counteracted by the fact that in the affected area the oxygen concentration is normally permanently reduced to a value of, for example, about 12 to 15% by volume. At this oxygen concentration, most flammable materials can no longer burn.
- the main areas of use are in particular EDP areas, electrical switch and distribution rooms, enclosed facilities as well as storage areas with high-quality assets.
- the prevention or extinguishing effect resulting from the inertization process is based on the principle of oxygen displacement.
- Normal ambient air is known to be about 21 vol .-% of oxygen, about 78 vol .-% of nitrogen and about 1 vol .-% of other gases.
- the oxygen concentration in the relevant space is reduced by introducing inert gas, such as nitrogen.
- inert gas such as nitrogen.
- a extinguishing effect already starts when the oxygen content drops below 15% by volume.
- further lowering of the oxygen content to, for example, 12 vol.% May be required.
- the risk of a fire developing in the shelter can be effectively reduced.
- the present invention is based on the problem, an inerting of the type mentioned in such a way that can be set and maintained in the most economical manner in the enclosed space a predetermined inerting level.
- a solution is to be specified with which the costs incurred in the inerting of an enclosed space operating costs can be reduced.
- a corresponding Inertmaschinesvon be specified, which ensures a cost inerting and especially Treasureinertmaschine an enclosed space.
- this object is achieved with an inerting method of the type mentioned in the present invention that the gas separation system is controlled such that the oxygen radical content of the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture is controlled to a value that depends on the currently in the room atmosphere of enclosed space prevailing oxygen content is selected.
- control device which is designed to control the gas separation system such that the oxygen radical content of the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture regulated to a value is selected depending on the currently prevailing in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space oxygen content.
- the invention is based on the finding that the nitrogen purity of the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system or the oxygen radical content of the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system has an influence on the so-called “settling time”
- the term “lowering time” is to be understood as the time duration which is necessary in order to set a given inerting level in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space.
- air factor is meant the ratio of the amount of initial gas mixture provided per unit time to the gas separation system to the amount of nitrogen-enriched gas provided per unit time at the outlet of the gas separation system can be freely selected and can be set on the nitrogen generator, whereby the operating costs of the nitrogen generator are all the better, the lower the set nitrogen purity is Compressor at the outlet of the gas separation system, a nitrogen-enriched gas mixture can be provided with the set nitrogen purity.
- the operating costs of the inerting system must take into account other factors. These include in particular rinsing factors in order to displace the oxygen in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space to such an extent using the gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system that the predetermined inerting level is reached or maintained. These rinsing factors include, in particular, the quantity of nitrogen-enriched gas which can be supplied per unit time by the gas separation system, the volume of the enclosed space and the difference between the oxygen content currently prevailing in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space and the oxygen content corresponding to the given inerting level.
- the nitrogen purity of the gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system or the oxygen radical content of the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture also plays a decisive role, since the purging process proceeds faster, the lower the residual oxygen content the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture is.
- gas separation system used here is to be understood as meaning a system with which an initial gas mixture which has at least the components “oxygen” and “nitrogen” can be split into oxygen-enriched gas and nitrogen-enriched gas Usually, the operation of such a gas separation system is based on the action of gas separation membranes
- the gas separation system used in the present invention is designed primarily to separate oxygen from the initial gas mixture ,
- a membrane module or the like in which the various components contained in the initial gas mixture (such as oxygen, nitrogen, noble gases, etc.) diffuse at different rates through the membrane according to their molecular structure.
- a membrane a hollow fiber membrane can be used. Oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen have a high degree of diffusion and due to this, leave the initial gas mixture relatively quickly in the flow through the membrane module. Nitrogen with a low degree of diffusion penetrates the hollow-fiber membrane of the membrane module very slowly and accumulates in this way as it flows through the hollow fiber or the membrane module.
- the nitrogen purity or the oxygen radical content in the gas mixture leaving the gas separation system is determined by the flow rate.
- the gas separation system can be adjusted to the required nitrogen purity and the required amount of nitrogen. Specifically, the purity of the nitrogen is controlled by the rate at which the gas flows through the membrane (residence time).
- the separated, oxygen-enriched gas mixture is usually collected and blown into the atmosphere under atmospheric pressure.
- the compressed, nitrogen-enriched gas mixture is provided at the outlet of the gas separation system.
- the measurement is made on the oxygen radical content in Vol .-%.
- the nitrogen content is calculated by subtracting the measured residual oxygen content from 100%. It should be noted that this value is indeed referred to as nitrogen content or nitrogen purity, but it is in fact the inert content, since this partial stream not only from nitrogen, but also from other gas components, such as noble gases, composed.
- the gas separation system or the nitrogen generator is supplied with compressed air, which is cleaned by upstream filter units.
- PSA nitrogen pressure enriched gas
- PSA nitrogen pressure enriched gas
- the general discovery is that different gases diffuse through materials at different rates.
- Nitrogen flow or a nitrogen-enriched air used.
- a membrane-based embroidery Substance generator applied to the outer surfaces of hollow fiber membranes, a separation material through which water vapor and oxygen diffuse very well.
- the nitrogen has only a low diffusion rate for this separation material.
- water vapor and oxygen quickly diffuse outwards through the hollow fiber wall, while the nitrogen is kept substantially inside the fiber so that a strong concentration of the nitrogen takes place during the passage through the hollow fiber.
- the effectiveness of this separation process is essentially dependent on the flow rate in the fiber and the pressure difference across the Hohlfaserwandung away. With decreasing flow rate and / or higher pressure difference between the inside and outside of the hollow fiber membrane, the purity of the resulting nitrogen flow increases.
- the degree of nitrogen enrichment in the nitrogen-enriched air provided by the nitrogen generator may be controlled as a function of the residence time of the compressed air provided by the compressed air source in the air separation system of the nitrogen generator.
- the PSA technology for example, in the nitrogen generator
- different binding rates of the atmospheric oxygen and atmospheric nitrogen on specially treated activated carbon are utilized.
- the structure of the activated carbon used is changed so that an extremely large surface with a large number of micro and submicropores (d ⁇ 1 nm) is present.
- the oxygen molecules of the air diffuse into the pores much faster than the nitrogen molecules, so that the air in the vicinity of the activated carbon enriches with nitrogen. Therefore, in a nitrogen generator based on PSA technology, as with a membrane-based generator, the degree of nitrogen enrichment in the nitrogen-enriched air provided by the nitrogen generator may vary with the residence time of the compressed air provided by the compressed air source Nitrogen generator can be controlled.
- the solution according to the invention is based on the recognition, on the one hand, that with increasing nitrogen purity the air factor of the gas separation system increases exponentially and, on the other hand, the smaller the difference, the longer the compressor of the inerting system has to run to set a given inerting level between in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space currently prevailing oxygen content and the oxygen radical content in the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture.
- the duration of the lowering of a space to be inerted be it for the holding control of the room at a fixed residual oxygen content or while lowering to a new lowering level, the energy consumption of the inerting is almost directly proportional, as the gas separation system upstream compressor is driven digitally at its operating point with optimal efficiency.
- Value of, for example, only 90 vol .-% is selected - the inert gas system for setting an inerting must be operated for a relatively long time. If, for example, the value of the nitrogen purity is increased to 95% by volume, the difference between the oxygen content of the inertization level to be set and the residual oxygen content of the gas mixture provided at the outlet of the gas separation system also increases, which in itself reduces the transit time of the gas mixture required for setting an inertization level Compressor and thus reduces the energy consumption of the inerting system.
- the fact that the nitrogen purity is increased at the outlet of the gas separation system inevitably also increases the air factor. With regard to the running time of the compressor required for setting an inertization level or the energy consumption of the inerting system, this circumstance has a negative effect. This negative influence predominates when the increase in the air factor caused by increasing the nitrogen purity becomes noticeable.
- time-optimized value of nitrogen purity is the nitrogen purity of the gas separation system or residual oxygen content in the nitrogen gas provided at the exit of the gas separation system
- the oxygen radical content of the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture or the nitrogen purity of the gas separation system is preferably set automatically in accordance with a previously determined characteristic curve. This characteristic indicates the time-optimized course of the oxygen radical content in the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture compared to the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space.
- time-optimized course of the residual oxygen content is understood to mean the time-optimized values of the oxygen radical content which are dependent on the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space
- the time-optimized value of the oxygen residue content corresponds to the value of the residual oxygen content in the gas separation system is to be selected so that using the inerting in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space within a very short time a specifiable and compared to the normal ambient air reduced oxygen content is adjustable.
- the nitrogen purity of the gas separation system or the oxygen radical content in the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture is preferably set automatically depending on the oxygen content currently prevailing in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space, in order to inertize the room with the lowest possible operating costs To be able to make it, it is preferred if continuously or at predetermined times and / or events, the current oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space is measured either directly or indirectly. Furthermore, it is preferred if the oxygen radical content in the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture is adjusted to a predetermined, time-optimized value continuously or at given times and / or events. This predefined, time-optimized value should correspond to an oxygen residual content at which the inerting process allows the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space to be reduced within a very short time by a predetermined reduction amount to the respective current oxygen content.
- the amount of fresh air mixed with the room air taken from the room is selected so that the amount of room air taken from the room per unit time is identical to the amount of the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture at the exit the gas separation system is provided and per unit time in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space is passed.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an inerting system according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an inerting system according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an inerting system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 shows a graph of the time-optimized nitrogen purity compared to the current oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space in the inerting system according to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 or FIG. 3;
- FIG. 6 is a graphical representation of the air factor of the gas separation system in the inerting system of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 versus the oxygen content of the initial gas mixture supplied to the gas separation system to at least a portion of the oxygen from the beginning Separate gas mixture and thus provide at the outlet of the gas separation system, a nitrogen-enriched gas mixture;
- Fig. 7 is a graph of the achievable energy savings when the solution according to the invention in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space, the oxygen content is lowered.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first exemplary embodiment of an inerting system 1 according to the present invention.
- the illustrated inerting system 1 serves to set and maintain a predeterminable inerting level in the room atmosphere of an enclosed space 2 enclosed space 2 may for example be a warehouse in which as a preventive fire protection measure, the oxygen content in the room air is lowered and maintained at a certain inerting level of, for example, 12 vol .-% or 13 vol .-% oxygen content.
- the inerting of the enclosed space 2 is optionally carried out automatically with the aid of a control device 5.
- the inerting system 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 on a gas separation system consisting of a compressor 3 and a nitrogen generator 4.
- the compressor 3 is used to provide the nitrogen generator 4 in a compressed manner, an initial gas mixture having at least the components of oxygen and nitrogen.
- the output of the compressor 3 is connected via a line system 17 to the inlet of the nitrogen generator 4 in order to supply the nitrogen generator 4 with the compressed initial gas mixture.
- the initial gas mixture is compressed to a pressure of for example 7.5 to 9.5 bar and preferably 8.8 bar.
- the nitrogen generator 4 has at least one membrane module 19, for example a hollow-fiber membrane module, through which the initial gas mixture provided by the compressor 3 is pressed, after this has passed through a suitable filter 18.
- the various components in particular oxygen and nitrogen
- the gas separation is based on the known principle of action, according to which nitrogen with a low degree of diffusion the hollow fiber membrane penetrates very slowly and accumulates in this way when flowing through the hollow fibers of the membrane module 19.
- a nitrogen-enriched gas mixture is provided in this way. This enriched with nitrogen gas mixture is - as well as the input of the nitrogen generator 4 fed initial gas mixture - in compressed form, although the flow through the at least one membrane module 19 of the nitrogen generator 4 to a pressure drop of, for example, 1.5 to 2.5 bar leads.
- the gas mixture separated in the nitrogen generator 4 and enriched with oxygen is collected and blown into the environment under atmospheric pressure.
- the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture provided at the outlet 4a of the nitrogen generator 4 is supplied via a supply line 7 to the enclosed space 2 in order to reduce the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space 2 or by a lowering level already set in the space 2 by tracking with Maintain nitrogen-enriched gas.
- a suitable pressure relief is to be provided. This can for example be in the form of self-opening or closing pressure relief valves (not shown in Fig. 1) executed.
- the volume of room air to be discharged during the inerting of the room 2 for the purpose of depressurization is fed via a return line system 9 to a mixing chamber 6.
- the discharged from the enclosed space 2 room air is supplied via a first input 9a of the return line 9 of the mixing chamber 6.
- the mixing chamber 6 also has a second input 8a, in which a supply line system 8 for supplying fresh air to the mixing chamber 6 opens.
- the initial gas mixture is provided, which is compressed by means of the compressor 3, and from which in the gas separation system (nitrogen generator 4) at least a part of the oxygen is separated. For this reason, the output of the mixing chamber 6 is connected to the input of the compressor 3 via a suitable conduit system 15.
- the amount of fresh air, which is mixed with the room air taken from the room 2 is selected so that the amount of room air taken from the room 2 per unit time is identical with the amount of nitrogen gas-enriched gas mixture provided at the outlet 4a of the nitrogen generator 4, which is conducted per unit time into the room atmosphere of the enclosed space 2.
- the inerting system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown schematically in FIG.
- control device 5 is connected and designed with the corresponding controllable components of the inerting system 1, automatically the nitrogen generator 4 or the To control gas separation system 3, 4 such that the provided at the output 4a of the gas separation system 3, 4 and enriched with nitrogen gas mixture has a residual oxygen content, which depends on the current in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space 2 oxygen content.
- the nitrogen generator 4 is controlled such that, depending on the oxygen content measured in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space 2 with the aid of an oxygen measuring system 16, the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture has an oxygen radical content between 10, 00 vol .-% to 0.01 vol .-%, wherein the residual oxygen content of the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture decreases with decreasing oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space.
- the inerting system 1 further comprises an oxygen radical content measuring system 21 for measuring the oxygen radical content in the outlet 4 a of the nitrogen generator 4 Nitrogen-enriched gas mixture or for determining the purity of nitrogen at the output 4a of the nitrogen generator 4 provided gas mixture. Both measuring systems 16, 21 are connected to the control device 5 accordingly.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an inerting system 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the inerting system 1 according to the second embodiment is particularly suitable for setting and maintaining a predetermined inerting level in the most economical manner in an air-conditioned space, such as in a cold room or in a cold storage warehouse.
- the construction and the mode of operation of the inerting system 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 essentially correspond to the construction and operation of the inerting system described above with reference to FIG. 1, so that only the differences are discussed below in order to avoid repetition should.
- a heat exchanger system 13 is provided.
- the return line system 9 is at least partially encased with a corresponding thermal insulation 20, so that icing of the return line system 9 can be avoided if the cooled-down part removed from the enclosed space 2
- Room air is supplied via the return line system 9 to the heat exchanger system 13 before the room air is then passed into the mixing chamber 6.
- the heat exchanger system 13 can have a support fan 14 so that the room air can be removed from the room atmosphere of the enclosed space 2 without loss of pressure.
- the heat exchanger system 13 is used to exploit at least a portion of the heat generated during operation of the compressor 3 waste heat to heat up the discharged and cooled room air accordingly.
- different systems are used, such as a finned heat exchanger, via which at least a portion of the thermal energy of the exhaust air of the compressor 3 via a heat exchange medium, such as water, is transferred to the discharged room air, so that the temperature of the discharged room air to warm to a moderate temperature, for example, 20 ° C, which is for the operation and efficiency of the nitrogen generator 4 is advantageous.
- the mixing chamber 6 After the room air discharged from the enclosed space 2 has passed through the heat exchanger system 13, it is supplied to the mixing chamber 6 via a first input 9a of the return line 9.
- the mixing chamber 6 also has a second input 8a, in which a supply line system 8 for supplying fresh air to the mixing chamber 6 opens.
- the initial gas mixture is provided, which is compressed by means of the compressor 3, and from which in the gas separation system (nitrogen generator 4) at least part of the oxygen is separated. For this reason, the output of the mixing chamber 6 is connected to the input of the compressor 3 via a suitable conduit system 15.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an inerting system 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the structure and operation of the inerting system 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. The form of embodiment essentially corresponds to the construction and the mode of operation of the inerting system described above with reference to FIG. 1, so that only the differences are discussed below in order to avoid repetition.
- the two valves 10, 11 which, in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, are designed in particular as a shut-off valve and are provided in the fresh-air supply line system 8 or in the return line system 9, lead to a Way valve 10 'summarized to simplify the structure of the inerting 1.
- the 3-way valve 10 ' can be controlled by the control device 5.
- the mixing chamber is realized as a filter 6 '.
- the mixing chamber embodied in the form of a filter 6 'therefore fulfills two functions: Firstly, it serves to provide the initial gas mixture, namely by the fresh air supplied via the fresh air supply line system with the room air taken from the space 2 and supplied via the return line system 9 is mixed. On the other hand serves as a filter 6 'realized mixing chamber for filtering the provided initial gas mixture before it is compressed by means of the compressor 3.
- an additional filter at the input of the compressor 3 can be dispensed with.
- the nitrogen purity of the nitrogen generator 4 is set and adjusted during the inerting of the enclosed space 2 as a function of the actual oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space.
- the nitrogen purity can be changed by varying the residence time of the initial gas mixture in the at least one membrane module 19 of the nitrogen generator 4.
- the flow through the membrane module 19 and a back pressure can be controlled.
- a high pressure on the membrane and a long residence time (low flow) lead to a high nitrogen purity at the output 4a of the nitrogen generator.
- a time-optimized value is selected for the respective nitrogen purity, which enables the inerting system to set and maintain a predefined inerting level in the enclosed space 2 in the shortest possible time.
- a time-optimized value for nitrogen purity it is possible to set and maintain a given level of inertisation in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space, the duration of the lowering process (be it for holding at a fixed residual oxygen content or during lowering to a new one Lowering level) and thus also reduce the energy consumption of the inerting system, since the compressor 3 is driven on its operating point with optimum efficiency digital (on / off).
- the inerting system 1 is characterized in that the gas separation system consisting of the compressor 3 and the nitrogen generator 4 is provided by the mixing chamber 6 with an initial gas mixture having a Oxygen content, which may be lower than the oxygen content of normal ambient air (ie, about 21% by volume).
- the already mentioned return line 9 is provided, with which at least a part of the room air of the enclosed space 2 of the mixing chamber 6 can be supplied in a controlled by the control device 5 via the valve 11 way. Accordingly, if the oxygen content is already reduced in the enclosed space 2, a gas mixture enriched with nitrogen in comparison with the normal ambient air is supplied to the mixing chamber 6 via the return line 9.
- This part of the room air is mixed in the mixing chamber 6 with supply air to provide for the compressor 3 and the nitrogen generator 4, the required amount of the initial gas mixture. Since the oxygen content of the initial gas mixture has an influence on the air factor of the gas separation system or the nitrogen generator 4, and thus also has an influence on the time-optimized value of the nitrogen purity of the nitrogen generator 4, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the inventions - Inertretesstrom 1 according to the invention in the line system 15 between the output of the mixing chamber 6 and the input of the compressor 3, an oxygen measuring system 22 for measuring the oxygen content in the output gas mixture intended.
- the composition of the initial gas mixture (in particular with regard to the oxygen content) can be suitably influenced by suitably activating the valves 10 and 11.
- the mode of operation of the solution according to the invention will now be described with reference to the graphical representations according to FIGS. 4 to 6 on the basis of the inerting system 1 shown schematically in FIG. 1 or in FIG. 2.
- the enclosed space 2 has a volume of 1,000 m 3 .
- the inerting system 1 is designed to provide a maximum of 48 m 3 of nitrogen-enriched gas per hour at the outlet 4 a of the nitrogen generator 4.
- FIG. 4 shows a graph of the air factor of the nitrogen generator 4 used in the case of the inertization system 1 shown schematically in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 at different nitrogen purities. Accordingly, it should be noted that the air factor increases exponentially with decreasing residual oxygen content in the nitrogen-enriched gas mixture provided at the exit 4a of the nitrogen generator 4.
- the air factor at an oxygen radical content of 10% by volume is about 1.5, which means that per m 3 of initial gas mixture at the outlet 4 a of the nitrogen generator 4 an amount of 0.67 m 3 can be provided to nitrogen-enriched gas mixture. This ratio deteriorates with increasing nitrogen purity, as can be seen from the graph in FIG.
- Fig. 4 is shown in addition to the evolution of the air factor, how the Regelabsenkzeit behaves at different nitrogen purities with increasing nitrogen purity. Specifically, on the one hand it is shown how long the compressor 3 has to run in order to reduce the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space 2 from originally 17.4% by volume to 17.0% by volume. In addition, on the other hand, it is shown how long the compressor 3 has to run in order to operate in the inert atmosphere system 1 according to FIG. 1 or FIG enclosed space 2 to lower the oxygen content of originally 13.4 vol .-% to 13.0 vol .-%.
- the settling time or running time of the compressor 3 for setting a predetermined inerting level in the ambient air atmosphere of the enclosed space 2 depends on the nitrogen purity set in the nitrogen generator 4 or on the oxygen radical content set on the nitrogen generator 4 in the outlet 4a of the nitrogen system.
- nerators 4 provided and enriched with nitrogen gas mixture.
- time-optimized nitrogen purity The respective minima of the lowering time with respect to the nitrogen purity are referred to below as "time-optimized nitrogen purity.”
- the time-optimized nitrogen purity in the inerting system 1 according to FIG. 1 or FIG the time-optimized purity is given for different oxygen concentrations in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space 2, which applies to the gas separation system 3, 4 of the inerting system 1 according to FIG. 1 or FIG.
- the characteristic curve shown in FIG. 5 shows directly that the nitrogen generator 4 is to be set so that the oxygen radical content in the gas mixture provided at the outlet 4a of the gas separation system 3, 4 decreases as the oxygen content in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space 2 decreases. Accordingly, if the nitrogen purity of the nitrogen generator when inerting the enclosed space 2 is operated according to the characteristic shown in Fig. 5, it is possible with the lowest possible duration of the compressor 3 and thus with the least possible expenditure of energy, the predetermined inerting in the space atmosphere of the enclosed Room 2 to set and hold.
- Fig. 6 is a graph of the influence of the oxygen content in the initial gas mixture on the air factor of the gas separation system 3, 4 is shown. Accordingly, the air factor drops at a fixed nitrogen purity of the gas mass. Onssystems 3, 4 with reduction of the oxygen content in the initial gas mixture.
- the return line 9 is provided in the inerting system 1 according to the schematic illustration in FIG. 1, via which part of the room air (possibly already enriched with nitrogen) is supplied in a controlled manner to the mixing chamber 6 in order to access it To reduce the oxygen content in the initial gas mixture from the original 21 vol .-% (oxygen content of the normal ambient air).
- the air factor of the gas separation system 3, 4 can thus be further reduced, so that the efficiency of the gas separation system 3, 4 increases and the energy to be set and maintained for setting a given inertization level can be further reduced.
- the characteristic shown in FIG. 6 is combined with the method previously shown with reference to the graphs in FIGS. 4 and 5 such that an optimized delivery unit of nitrogen is found for each oxygen concentration in the initial gas mixture and in the space 2.
- FIG. 7 shows, for a calculated application, achievable energy savings (in%) over the oxygen content set in the room atmosphere of an enclosed space when the oxygen concentration in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space is lowered with the solution according to the invention.
- achievable energy savings in% over the oxygen content set in the room atmosphere of an enclosed space when the oxygen concentration in the room atmosphere of the enclosed space is lowered with the solution according to the invention.
- a case was considered in which, on the one hand during the inerting of the space for the nitrogen purity of the nitrogen generator, the time-optimized nitrogen purity was selected, and on the other hand, a recirculation of the already enriched with nitrogen room air was carried out to in this way the To further reduce the air factor of the nitrogen generator and to increase its efficiency.
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
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Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2736211A CA2736211C (en) | 2008-12-12 | 2009-12-11 | Inerting method for preventing and/or extinguishing fire as well as inerting system to realize the method |
CN2009801401980A CN102176949B (zh) | 2008-12-12 | 2009-12-11 | 用于防火和/或灭火的惰性化方法以及实施该方法的惰性化系统 |
RU2011126661/12A RU2492890C2 (ru) | 2008-12-12 | 2009-12-11 | Способ инертирования для предотвращения и/или тушения пожара и система инертирования для осуществления указанного способа |
AU2009324303A AU2009324303B2 (en) | 2008-12-12 | 2009-12-11 | Inerting method for fire prevention and/or fire extinguishing and inerting system for carrying out the method |
JP2011540119A JP5492220B2 (ja) | 2008-12-12 | 2009-12-11 | 火災防止および/または消火用不活性化方法、およびその方法を実現する不活性化システム |
BRPI0916132A BRPI0916132A2 (pt) | 2008-12-12 | 2009-12-11 | ''método inerte prevenir e/ou extinguir incêndios e sistema inerte para definir e/ou manter um conteúdo de oxigênio pré definível |
ZA2011/04869A ZA201104869B (en) | 2008-12-12 | 2011-07-01 | Inerting method for fire prevention and/or fire extinguishing and inerting system for carrying out the method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP08171495A EP2204219B1 (de) | 2008-12-12 | 2008-12-12 | Inertisierungsverfahren zur Brandverhütung und/oder Feuerlöschung sowie Inertisierungsanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
EP08171495.8 | 2008-12-12 |
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WO2010066875A1 true WO2010066875A1 (de) | 2010-06-17 |
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PCT/EP2009/066920 WO2010066875A1 (de) | 2008-12-12 | 2009-12-11 | Inertisierungsverfahren zur brandverhütung und/oder feuerlöschung sowie inertisierungsanlage zur durchführung des verfahrens |
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US (1) | US8727031B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2204219B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5492220B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN102176949B (de) |
AT (1) | ATE503531T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2009324303B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0916132A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2736211C (de) |
DE (1) | DE502008003046D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK2204219T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2363276T3 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1141747A1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL2204219T3 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2492890C2 (de) |
SI (1) | SI2204219T1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010066875A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA201104869B (de) |
Cited By (2)
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JP2012511363A (ja) * | 2008-12-12 | 2012-05-24 | アムロナ・アーゲー | 火災防止および/または消火用不活性化方法、およびその方法を実現する不活性化システム |
JP2013544609A (ja) * | 2010-12-10 | 2013-12-19 | アムロナ・アーゲー | 防火および/または消火のための不活性化方法およびこの方法を実施するための不活性化設備 |
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US20120217028A1 (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-08-30 | Kidde Technologies, Inc. | Active odorant warning |
WO2013052551A2 (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-11 | Fire Protection Systems Corrosion Management, Inc. | Inerting gas vent assembly, inerting system using the gas vent assembly and method of inerting a fire protection sprinkler system |
ES2616182T3 (es) * | 2012-10-29 | 2017-06-09 | Amrona Ag | Procedimiento y dispositivo para la determinación y/o vigilancia de la estanqueidad al aire de un recinto confinado |
CN104460720B (zh) * | 2013-09-12 | 2017-05-31 | 湖南华望熏蒸消毒有限公司 | 一种氮气气调控制方法及系统 |
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CN110087742A (zh) * | 2016-12-20 | 2019-08-02 | 开利公司 | 用于封闭体的防火系统以及用于封闭体的防火方法 |
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EP3626327B1 (de) * | 2018-09-19 | 2023-11-01 | Wagner Group GmbH | Inertisierungsverfahren und inertisierungsanlage, insbesondere zur brandvermeidung, sowie verwendung einer inertisierungsanlage |
CN110090374A (zh) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-08-06 | 高邮摩世勒公共安全设备有限公司 | 机车锂电储能装置防灭火装置与方法 |
CN112043997B (zh) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-12-14 | 浦江县承玥电子科技有限公司 | 一种无水源地区野外露营用烧烤架快速灭火降温装置 |
CN114042278A (zh) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-02-15 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | 一种核燃料后处理厂的控火方法及控火系统 |
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-
2008
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- 2008-12-12 DE DE502008003046T patent/DE502008003046D1/de active Active
- 2008-12-12 EP EP08171495A patent/EP2204219B1/de active Active
- 2008-12-12 SI SI200830215T patent/SI2204219T1/sl unknown
- 2008-12-12 DK DK08171495.8T patent/DK2204219T3/da active
- 2008-12-12 AT AT08171495T patent/ATE503531T1/de active
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2009
- 2009-12-11 BR BRPI0916132A patent/BRPI0916132A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-12-11 CA CA2736211A patent/CA2736211C/en active Active
- 2009-12-11 AU AU2009324303A patent/AU2009324303B2/en active Active
- 2009-12-11 JP JP2011540119A patent/JP5492220B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-12-11 CN CN2009801401980A patent/CN102176949B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-12-11 RU RU2011126661/12A patent/RU2492890C2/ru active
- 2009-12-11 WO PCT/EP2009/066920 patent/WO2010066875A1/de active Application Filing
- 2009-12-14 US US12/637,599 patent/US8727031B2/en active Active
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JPH11226340A (ja) * | 1998-02-17 | 1999-08-24 | Nohmi Bosai Ltd | 消火方法および消火装置 |
DE10249126A1 (de) * | 2002-10-22 | 2004-06-09 | Minimax Gmbh | Verfahren und Anlage zum Erzeugen einer sauerstoffarmen Atmosphäre |
EP1913980A1 (de) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-23 | Amrona AG | Inertisierungsvorrichtung mit Sicherheitseinrichtung |
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JP2012511363A (ja) * | 2008-12-12 | 2012-05-24 | アムロナ・アーゲー | 火災防止および/または消火用不活性化方法、およびその方法を実現する不活性化システム |
JP2013544609A (ja) * | 2010-12-10 | 2013-12-19 | アムロナ・アーゲー | 防火および/または消火のための不活性化方法およびこの方法を実施するための不活性化設備 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2204219B1 (de) | 2011-03-30 |
DE502008003046D1 (de) | 2011-05-12 |
CA2736211A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 |
JP5492220B2 (ja) | 2014-05-14 |
PL2204219T3 (pl) | 2011-07-29 |
ES2363276T3 (es) | 2011-07-28 |
ZA201104869B (en) | 2012-03-28 |
CN102176949A (zh) | 2011-09-07 |
CN102176949B (zh) | 2013-08-14 |
DK2204219T3 (da) | 2011-06-06 |
HK1141747A1 (en) | 2010-11-19 |
BRPI0916132A2 (pt) | 2015-11-03 |
CA2736211C (en) | 2016-08-09 |
AU2009324303A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 |
US8727031B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 |
AU2009324303B2 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
ATE503531T1 (de) | 2011-04-15 |
RU2492890C2 (ru) | 2013-09-20 |
EP2204219A1 (de) | 2010-07-07 |
SI2204219T1 (sl) | 2011-06-30 |
JP2012511363A (ja) | 2012-05-24 |
RU2011126661A (ru) | 2013-01-20 |
US20100155088A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
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