WO2010055607A1 - 燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010055607A1 WO2010055607A1 PCT/JP2009/005024 JP2009005024W WO2010055607A1 WO 2010055607 A1 WO2010055607 A1 WO 2010055607A1 JP 2009005024 W JP2009005024 W JP 2009005024W WO 2010055607 A1 WO2010055607 A1 WO 2010055607A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- oxidizing gas
- fuel cell
- gas flow
- flow path
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0213—Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0232—Metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04276—Arrangements for managing the electrolyte stream, e.g. heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell.
- a fuel cell basically includes a polymer electrolyte membrane that selectively transports protons and a pair of catalyst electrodes (a fuel electrode and an air electrode) that sandwich the polymer electrolyte membrane.
- the fuel cell having the above-described configuration can continuously extract electric energy using the fuel gas (including hydrogen) supplied to the fuel electrode and the oxidizing gas (including oxygen) supplied to the air electrode. .
- the polymer electrolyte membrane is composed of an electrolyte having a polymer ion exchange membrane such as a fluororesin ion exchange membrane having a sulfonic acid group or a hydrocarbon resin ion exchange membrane.
- a polymer ion exchange membrane such as a fluororesin ion exchange membrane having a sulfonic acid group or a hydrocarbon resin ion exchange membrane.
- the polymer electrolyte membrane needs to contain a certain amount of moisture.
- the catalyst electrode is located on the polymer electrolyte membrane side, and includes a catalyst layer that promotes a redox reaction in the catalyst electrode, and a gas diffusion layer that is located outside the catalyst layer and has air permeability and conductivity. . Further, the gas diffusion layer is located on the catalyst layer side, and a carbon coating layer for improving the contact property with the catalyst layer, and a gas diffusion base material for diffusing the gas supplied from the outside and supplying the catalyst layer Composed of layers.
- the catalyst layer of the fuel electrode includes, for example, platinum, an alloy of platinum and ruthenium
- the catalyst layer of the air electrode includes, for example, an alloy of platinum, platinum, and cobalt.
- MEAs can be electrically connected in series by being stacked. At this time, a conductive separator is disposed between each MEA so as not to mix the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas and to electrically connect each MEA in series.
- the separator includes a fuel electrode separator in contact with the fuel electrode and an air electrode separator in contact with the air electrode.
- the fuel electrode separator is formed with a fuel gas flow path for supplying fuel gas to the MEA
- the air electrode separator is formed with an oxidizing gas flow path for supplying oxidizing gas to the MEA.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the fuel cell disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 1 has a membrane electrode assembly 1, an air electrode separator 2, and a fuel electrode separator 3.
- the air electrode separator 2 has a plurality of linear oxidizing gas flow paths 8 parallel to each other.
- the gap between the oxidizing gas flow paths that is, the width of the rib is generally small.
- the rib does not contribute to the supply of the oxidizing gas. Therefore, when the rib width is reduced, more oxidizing gas can be supplied to the MEA. Therefore, in the conventional fuel cell, the rib width tends to be reduced in order to increase the supply amount of the oxidizing gas.
- the polymer electrolyte membrane requires a certain amount of moisture for the function of transmitting ions. Therefore, in the conventional fuel cell, the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas are humidified in advance in order to ensure sufficient moisture in the fuel cell.
- a humidifier for humidifying oxidizing gas does not directly contribute to power generation and requires space. Therefore, if a fuel cell cogeneration system that does not require a humidifier can be developed, the fuel cell cogeneration system can be reduced in size, and the cost of the entire system can be reduced. In addition, if a fuel cell cogeneration system that does not require a humidifier can be developed, energy loss due to the humidifier can be eliminated, so that the efficiency of the entire system can be improved. Therefore, there has been a demand for the development of a fuel cell in which the power generation efficiency does not decrease even when the oxidizing gas is in a low or non-humidified state.
- each independent reaction gas flow path is formed in a meandering shape.
- Patent Document 5 a technique is known in which two or more reaction gases are arranged in parallel in order to ensure the strength of the ribs that define the reaction gas flow path (see, for example, Patent Document 5).
- the reaction gas flow paths of the fuel cell disclosed in Patent Document 5 are each meandering.
- the fuel cell separator disclosed in Patent Document 5 is a carbon separator.
- FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view perpendicular to the surface direction of the MEA of the fuel cell.
- the fuel cell shown in FIG. 2 has an MEA 110, an air electrode separator 120, and a fuel electrode separator 130.
- the MEA further includes a polymer electrolyte membrane 111, an air electrode catalyst layer 113, a fuel electrode catalyst layer 115, an air electrode gas diffusion layer 117, and a fuel electrode gas diffusion layer 119.
- the air electrode separator 120 has an oxidizing gas channel 121 and a rib 123.
- the fuel electrode separator 130 has a fuel gas channel 131 and a rib 133.
- a plurality of arrows Z indicate movement of water generated in the air electrode catalyst layer 113. Ribs 123 and 133 form a gap between the gas flow paths.
- part of the water generated in the air electrode catalyst layer 113 moves into the oxidizing gas channel 121 and partly moves under the ribs 123 due to diffusion.
- the water that has moved into the oxidizing gas channel 121 is discharged to the outside of the fuel cell through the oxidizing gas channel 121, and the water that has moved under the rib 123 is held under the rib 123. Therefore, by reducing the amount of water discharged through the oxidizing gas flow path and increasing the amount of water retained under the ribs, the water generated in the catalyst layer of the air electrode during power generation is put into the fuel cell. Can be fastened.
- the gap between the oxidizing gas flow paths is increased to increase the amount of water held under the rib and maintain the humidity of the MEA. Is also possible. However, when the rib width is simply increased, the amount of oxidizing gas supplied to the MEA is reduced, and the output density is reduced.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a sufficient amount of moisture in the fuel cell and supply a sufficient amount of oxygen gas to the MEA even when supplying oxygen gas with no or low humidification. It is to provide a fuel cell that can be used.
- a polymer electrolyte membrane, and a membrane electrode assembly having a pair of catalyst electrodes composed of an air electrode and a fuel electrode sandwiching the polymer electrolyte membrane; an air electrode separator and a fuel electrode separator sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly
- a pair of separators comprising: two or more oxidizing gas passages along a specific direction for supplying an oxidizing gas to the air electrode; and two or more parallel to the specific direction for supplying a fuel gas to the fuel electrode
- a fuel cell having a linear fuel gas flow path, and between two adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths, there are a portion where the gap between the oxidizing gas flow passages is large and a portion where the gap is small.
- the fuel cell is alternately arranged along the specific direction, and the fuel gas channel does not overlap a portion of the oxidizing gas channel that is parallel to the fuel gas channel.
- the oxidizing gas channel is defined by a rib having permeability to oxidizing gas, and the rib is made of a conductive porous body.
- an average pore diameter in the conductive porous body is 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the two or more oxidizing gas flow paths are meandering, and the two adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths are line-symmetric with respect to a line parallel to the specific direction.
- the air electrode separator includes a metal plate and a rib formed on the metal plate and made of a conductive porous body.
- the air electrode includes a catalyst layer in contact with the polymer electrolyte membrane, and a gas diffusion layer laminated on the catalyst layer and in contact with the air electrode separator, and the oxidizing gas flow path includes: The fuel cell according to any one of [1] to [4], which is formed in the gas diffusion layer.
- the fuel gas flow path is formed in the fuel electrode separator, the fuel electrode separator has a rib defining the fuel gas flow path, and the rib has permeability to the fuel gas.
- the fuel cell according to any one of [1] to [7].
- the fuel electrode separator is a carbon separator or a metal separator.
- the flowing direction of the oxidizing gas flowing in the oxidizing gas flow channel and the flowing direction of the fuel gas flowing in the fuel gas flow channel are the same as the specific direction, and are supplied to the fuel cell.
- the flowing direction of the oxidizing gas flowing in the oxidizing gas flow channel and the flowing direction of the fuel gas flowing in the fuel gas flow channel are the same as the specific direction, and are supplied to the fuel cell.
- the fuel cell according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein a dew point of the oxidizing gas is ⁇ 10 to 45 ° C., and the oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell is not humidified.
- the direction in which the oxidizing gas flows in the oxidizing gas flow path is the same as the specific direction, and the direction in which the fuel gas flows in the fuel gas flow path is opposite to the specific direction,
- the fuel cell according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein a dew point of the oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell is 55 to 75 ° C.
- a polymer electrolyte membrane and a membrane electrode assembly having a pair of catalyst electrodes composed of an air electrode and a fuel electrode sandwiching the polymer electrolyte membrane; an air electrode separator and a fuel electrode separator sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly
- a fuel cell comprising: a pair of separators; and two or more oxidizing gas channels along a specific direction for supplying an oxidizing gas to the oxidizing electrode, wherein the oxidizing gas channel includes an upstream region; A region having a large gap between the two oxidizing gas flow paths and a portion having a small gap between the two adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths along the specific direction.
- the size of the gap between the two adjacent downstream flow oxidizing gas channels is constant, and the two adjacent oxidizing gas channels in the downstream region are constant.
- the gap is smaller than the maximum value of the gap between adjacent two of said oxidizing gas flow path in the upstream region, fuel cells.
- the fuel cell of the present invention a sufficient amount of moisture can be ensured in the fuel cell even when oxygen gas is supplied with no humidification or low humidification, and a sufficient amount of oxygen gas is supplied to the MEA. Can be supplied. Further, according to the present invention, the fuel gas can be selectively supplied to a region where the membrane resistance of the polymer electrolyte membrane is low and the concentration of the oxidizing gas is high. Therefore, the fuel cell of the present invention can maintain the durability and high output density of MEA even when oxygen gas is supplied without or with low humidity.
- FIG. 1 1 is an exploded perspective view of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 1.
- the fuel cell of the present invention has 1) MEA, 2) a pair of separators composed of an air electrode separator and a fuel electrode separator, 4) a plurality of oxidizing gas passages, and 5) a plurality of fuel gas passages.
- the fuel cell of the present invention also relates to a fuel cell to which a low humidified or non-humidified oxidizing gas is supplied.
- the MEA has a polymer electrolyte membrane and a pair of catalyst electrodes composed of an air electrode and a fuel electrode sandwiching the polymer electrolyte membrane.
- the air electrode preferably has an air electrode catalyst layer in contact with the polymer electrolyte membrane and an air electrode gas diffusion layer laminated on the air electrode catalyst layer.
- the fuel electrode preferably has a fuel electrode catalyst layer in contact with the polymer electrolyte membrane and a fuel electrode gas diffusion layer laminated on the fuel electrode catalyst layer.
- the polymer electrolyte membrane is a polymer membrane having a function of selectively transporting protons in a wet state.
- the material of the polymer electrolyte membrane is not particularly limited as long as it selectively moves protons.
- examples of such materials include fluorine-based polymer electrolyte membranes and hydrocarbon-based polymer electrolyte membranes.
- Specific examples of the fluorine-based polymer electrolyte membranes include DuPont's Nafion (registered trademark) membrane, Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. Flemion (registered trademark) membrane, Asahi Kasei Corporation's Aciplex (registered trademark) membrane, Japan Gore-Tex GORE-SELECT (registered trademark) film of the company.
- the air electrode catalyst layer is a layer containing a catalyst that promotes a redox reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
- the air electrode catalyst layer is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity and has a catalytic ability to promote a redox reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
- the air electrode catalyst layer includes, for example, platinum, an alloy of platinum and cobalt, an alloy of platinum, cobalt, and nickel as a catalyst.
- the fuel electrode catalyst layer is a layer containing a catalyst that promotes the oxidation reaction of hydrogen.
- the fuel electrode catalyst layer is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity and has a catalytic ability to promote the oxidation reaction of hydrogen.
- the fuel electrode catalyst layer includes, for example, platinum or an alloy of platinum and ruthenium as a catalyst.
- the air electrode catalyst layer and the fuel electrode catalyst layer are, for example, carbon fine particles such as acetylene black, ketjen black, and vulcan that carry these catalysts on an electrolyte having proton conductivity and polytetrafluoroethylene having water repellency ( It is formed by mixing a resin such as Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and applying it onto the polymer electrolyte membrane.
- carbon fine particles such as acetylene black, ketjen black, and vulcan that carry these catalysts on an electrolyte having proton conductivity and polytetrafluoroethylene having water repellency ( It is formed by mixing a resin such as Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and applying it onto the polymer electrolyte membrane.
- PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
- the gas diffusion layer (air electrode gas diffusion layer and fuel electrode gas diffusion layer) is a porous layer that is disposed on the outermost side of the membrane electrode assembly and has electrical conductivity in contact with a separator described later.
- the material of the gas diffusion layer is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity and can diffuse the reaction gas.
- the gas diffusion layer may be composed of a gas diffusion base layer that diffuses the gas supplied from the separator side into the catalyst layer, and a carbon coat layer that improves the contact between the gas diffusion base layer and the catalyst layer. Good.
- the gas diffusion layer is formed by, for example, thermocompression bonding carbon fiber impregnated with a resin such as PTFE having water repellency, carbon cloth produced by weaving thread-like carbon, paper-like carbon paper, etc. to the catalyst layer surface, It may be produced.
- a resin such as PTFE having water repellency
- carbon cloth produced by weaving thread-like carbon, paper-like carbon paper, etc.
- the separator is a conductive plate for mechanically fixing the MEA and preventing the oxidizing gas and fuel gas supplied to the MEA from being mixed.
- the air electrode separator is in contact with the air electrode, and the fuel electrode separator is in contact with the fuel electrode.
- An oxidizing gas channel is a channel for supplying oxidizing gas to an air electrode.
- the width of the oxidizing gas channel is preferably about 0.8 to 1.2 mm, and the depth of the oxidizing gas channel is preferably 0.3 to 0.8 mm.
- the oxidizing gas flow path is defined by ribs.
- the rib that defines the oxidizing gas is preferably conductive and permeable to the oxidizing gas. Since the rib has permeability to the oxidizing gas, the oxidizing gas can diffuse not only in the oxidizing gas flow path but also in the rib. For this reason, the oxidizing gas can be supplied to the air electrode not only from the oxidizing gas channel but also from the rib that defines the oxidizing gas channel. For this reason, oxidizing gas can be supplied to the whole surface of an air electrode, and the electric power generation area of an air electrode can be expanded.
- the material of such ribs is not particularly limited, but is preferably a conductive porous body.
- the average pore diameter in the conductive porous body is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the average pore diameter in the conductive porous body can be obtained by calculating the average area equivalent diameter from the area of the pores measured from the SEM photograph of the cross-sectional view of the porous body. Or the average pore diameter in a conductive porous body can also be calculated
- Examples of such conductive porous bodies include carbon fibers attached with a resin such as PTFE having water repellency, carbon cloth produced by weaving thread-like carbon, paper-like carbon paper, carbon fibers and the like. Carbon sheets and the like that are kneaded with PTFE into a sheet form are included.
- a resin such as PTFE having water repellency
- carbon cloth produced by weaving thread-like carbon, paper-like carbon paper, carbon fibers and the like.
- Carbon sheets and the like that are kneaded with PTFE into a sheet form are included.
- the porous body has a large surface area. For this reason, if the rib defining the oxidizing gas flow path is porous, the contact area between the air electrode separator and the air electrode increases, and the contact resistance between the air electrode separator and the air electrode decreases. As a result, the generated power can be efficiently extracted.
- the oxidizing gas channel may be formed in the air electrode separator (see FIG. 10) or in the air electrode gas diffusion layer (see FIG. 14).
- the air electrode separator may be composed of a conductive flat plate and a rib formed on the flat plate and made of a conductive porous body.
- the flat plate is, for example, a metal plate.
- the fuel cell of the present invention is characterized by the shape of the oxidizing gas flow path.
- the shape of the oxidizing gas channel will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the pattern of the oxidizing gas flow path according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows an example in which the oxidizing gas channel 121 is formed in the air electrode separator 120.
- the air electrode separator 120 includes a plurality of oxidizing gas flow paths 121 and ribs 123 that define the oxidizing gas flow paths 121 along the specific direction X.
- the “specific direction X” indicates the direction in which the oxidizing gas flows.
- the rib 123 forms a gap between the adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths 121.
- water retention region 125 a portion 125 (hereinafter referred to as “water retention region 125”) having a large gap (rib width) between the oxidizing gas flow paths and the oxidizing gas flow between two adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths.
- Locations 127 (hereinafter referred to as “oxidizing gas supply regions”) having small gaps (rib widths) between the flow paths are alternately arranged along the specific direction X.
- the “water retention area” means an area where moisture is held during operation of the fuel cell
- oxidation gas supply area means an area where oxidant gas is supplied intensively during operation of the fuel cell. (Described later).
- the maximum gap value 125w between the two adjacent oxidant gas flow paths is the minimum gap value 127w between the two adjacent oxidant gas flow paths (hereinafter simply referred to as “ It is preferably 2 to 4 times the width of the oxidizing gas supply region. More specifically, the width 125w of the water retention region is preferably 3 to 6 mm, and the width 127w of the oxidizing gas supply region is preferably 1.4 to 3.1 mm.
- two adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths are meandered, and the two adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths are parallel to the specific direction.
- the line may be symmetric with respect to a straight line.
- one of the two adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths may be serpentine and the other may be linear.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which two adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths meander.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of the pattern of the oxidizing gas flow path of the fuel cell of the present invention.
- the oxidizing gas channel 121 and the oxidizing gas channel 121 'adjacent to the oxidizing gas channel 121 have a meandering shape.
- the oxidizing gas channel 121 and the oxidizing gas channel 121 ′ are line symmetric with respect to a line Y parallel to the specific direction X.
- the oxidizing gas channel 121 and the oxidizing gas channel 121 ′ are meandering, and the oxidizing gas channel 121 and the oxidizing gas channel 121 ′ are axisymmetric with respect to the line Y, the water retention region 125 and the oxidizing gas
- the supply areas 127 are alternately arranged along the specific direction X.
- the oxidizing gas channel may meander at right angles (FIG. 4A), may meander in a curved manner (FIG. 4B), or may meander in a zigzag manner (FIG. 4C).
- the fuel gas flow path is a flow path for supplying fuel gas to the fuel electrode.
- the width of the fuel gas channel is preferably 0.8 to 1.2 mm, and the depth of the fuel gas channel is preferably 0.3 to 0.7 mm.
- the shape of the fuel gas flow path is preferably not a meandering shape like the oxidizing gas flow path but a straight line.
- the fuel gas flow path is preferably parallel to the specific direction X described above.
- a protrusion may be provided in the fuel gas flow path.
- the rib defining the fuel gas flow path basically has no permeability to the fuel gas.
- the fuel gas flow path is formed in the fuel electrode separator.
- the fuel electrode separator may be a carbon separator or a metal separator.
- Positional relationship between oxidizing gas channel and fuel gas channel is further characterized in the positional relationship between the oxidizing gas channel and the fuel gas channel.
- the fuel gas channel selectively overlaps the water retention region and the oxidizing gas supply region. Further, the fuel gas channel does not overlap a portion of the oxidizing gas channel that is parallel to the fuel gas channel.
- overlap means an overlapping relationship when the fuel cells are viewed from a direction perpendicular to the surface direction of the MEA.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a cross section of the fuel cell of the present invention, showing the positional relationship between the fuel gas channel and the oxidizing gas channel.
- the fuel cell shown in FIG. 5 includes an MEA 110, an air electrode separator 120, a fuel electrode separator 130, an oxidizing gas channel 121, and a fuel gas channel 131.
- the MEA 110 includes a polymer electrolyte membrane 111, an air electrode catalyst layer 113, a fuel electrode catalyst layer 115, an air electrode gas diffusion layer 117, and a fuel electrode gas diffusion layer 119.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a positional relationship between the oxidizing gas passage 121 and the fuel gas passage 131 shown in FIG. 5 when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the surface direction of the MEA 110.
- the fuel gas channel selectively overlaps the water retention region 125 and the oxidizing gas supply region 127. Further, like the fuel gas channel 131 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6A, the fuel gas channel may be arranged so as to overlap only the water retention region 125. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6B, the fuel gas channel 131 is not preferably disposed so as to overlap a portion of the oxidizing gas channel 121 that is parallel to the fuel gas channel 131. As will be described later, water generated at the air electrode passes through the oxidant gas flow path and is discharged to the outside of the fuel cell. Therefore, in the region where the oxidant gas flow path is located, the humidity of the MEA decreases, and the polymer electrolyte This is because the film resistance of the film increases.
- the fuel gas channel so as to overlap the water retention region, the fuel gas can be supplied to the region where the moisture content is high (the membrane resistance of the MEA is low), and the protons are efficiently supplied to the air electrode. Can be transported to the side. Further, by arranging the fuel gas flow path so as to overlap the water retention region and the oxidizing gas supply region, the fuel gas can be supplied to the region where the moisture content and the oxidizing gas content are high, thereby generating power generation energy more efficiently. Can be obtained.
- the direction in which the oxidizing gas flows in the oxidizing gas flow path and the direction in which the fuel gas flows in the fuel gas flow path differ depending on the operating conditions of the fuel cell. For example, when the fuel cell is operated under a medium temperature non-humidified condition, it is preferable that the flowing directions of the oxidizing gas and the fuel gas are the same. Therefore, when the fuel cell is operated under a medium temperature non-humidified condition, the direction in which the oxidizing gas flows and the direction in which the fuel gas flows are the same as the specific direction X.
- medium temperature non-humidified condition means an operating condition in which the oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell is not humidified.
- the medium temperature non-humidified condition is that the temperature during power generation of the fuel cell is 55 to 75 ° C .; the dew point of the oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell is 45 ° C. or less, preferably ⁇ 10 to 45 ° C. Yes; means that the dew point of the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell is 50 to 70 ° C.
- the dew point increases when the moisture contained in the gas is large, and decreases when the moisture contained in the gas is small.
- the dew point of the oxidizing gas is usually 20 ° C. or lower than the dew point of the fuel gas.
- the direction in which the oxidizing gas flows and the direction in which the fuel gas flows are preferably opposite. Therefore, when the fuel cell is operated under high temperature and low humidification conditions, the direction in which the fuel gas flows is opposite to the specific direction X.
- the “high temperature and low humidification condition” is a condition in which the temperature during power generation of the fuel cell is 80 to 100 ° C .; the dew point of the oxidizing gas is 55 to 75 ° C .; the dew point of the fuel gas is 50 to 70 ° C. Means. Under such high temperature and low humidification conditions, the difference between the dew point of the oxidizing gas and the dew point of the fuel gas is usually 10 ° C. or less.
- the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell cogeneration system is usually generated by reforming a hydrocarbon gas using a fuel cell processor.
- the dew point of the fuel gas generated by reforming the hydrocarbon gas using the fuel cell processor is 50 ° C. to 70 ° C.
- the dew point of the fuel gas in the medium temperature non-humidified condition and the high temperature and low humidified condition was relatively high at 50 ° C. to 70 ° C.
- the reason is that the hydrocarbon gas is reformed using the fuel cell processor. This is because it is assumed that the fuel gas generated in this way is used.
- the fuel cell of the present invention may have an oxidizing gas flow path as shown in FIG.
- the oxidizing gas channel 121 is along the specific direction X. That is, the oxidizing gas flows in the specific direction X in the straight region 121a.
- the oxidizing gas flow path 121 is along the direction X ′ opposite to the specific direction X. That is, in the straight region 121c, the oxidizing gas flows in the specific direction X ′.
- the fuel gas channel when the oxidizing gas channel has a turn region as described above, it is preferable that the fuel gas channel also has a turn region.
- the fuel cell stack may be manufactured by stacking the fuel cells configured as described above. Usually, the fuel cell stack is sandwiched between a current collector plate, an insulating plate, and an end plate, and further fixed with stud bolts and nuts.
- non-humidified or low-humidified oxidizing gas is supplied to the oxidizing gas channel, and fuel gas containing hydrogen gas is supplied to the fuel gas channel to obtain electric energy. Electric energy is obtained by the following reaction.
- hydrogen molecules supplied to the fuel electrode diffuse through the fuel electrode gas diffusion layer and reach the fuel electrode catalyst layer.
- hydrogen molecules are divided into protons and electrons.
- Protons move to the air electrode side through the humidified polymer electrolyte membrane.
- Electrons move to the air electrode through an external circuit. At this time, the electrons passing through the external circuit can be used as electric energy.
- protons that have moved through the polymer electrolyte membrane, electrons that have moved through the external circuit, and oxygen supplied to the air electrode react to generate water.
- non-humidified or low-humidified oxidizing gas is supplied to the oxidizing gas flow path.
- the polymer electrolyte membrane dries near the inlet of the oxidizing gas channel, the membrane resistance increases, and the output density decreases. was there.
- the water retention region is arranged between the adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths, the generated water can be retained even near the inlet of the oxidizing gas flow path. it can.
- FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view taken along one-dot chain line A of the fuel cell 100 of the present invention shown in FIG.
- a plurality of arrows Z in FIG. 8A indicate the movement of water.
- the gap between the oxidizing gas channel 121 and the oxidizing gas channel 121 ′ is large (the rib width is large) in the water retention region, most of the water generated in the air electrode catalyst layer 113 is ribs. It diffuses below 123 and is held.
- maintains the water
- FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along the two-dot chain line B of the fuel cell 100 of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 and a cross-sectional view of the oxidizing gas supply region 127.
- a plurality of arrows Z ′ in FIG. 8B indicate the movement of the oxidizing gas.
- the gap (the rib width is small) between the oxidizing gas channel 121 and the oxidizing gas channel 121 ′ is small in the oxidizing gas supply region.
- the rib 123 is a porous body that transmits an oxidizing gas.
- the oxidizing gas flows into the oxidizing gas supply region from the oxidizing gas channel 121 and the oxidizing gas channel 121 ′, and the oxidizing gas is intensively supplied.
- the oxidant gas supply region since the gap between the oxidant gas channel 121 and the oxidant gas channel 121 ′ is small (the rib width is small), the water held under the ribs 123 It is easy to diffuse and moisture is not retained.
- the region having a high water content and the region having a high oxygen concentration are alternately arranged along the specific direction. Can be formed. Thereby, it is possible to supply a sufficient amount of oxygen to the air electrode while retaining moisture in the fuel cell.
- the fuel gas can be supplied to the region where the membrane resistance of the polymer electrolyte membrane is low and the concentration of the oxidizing gas is high. . Thereby, power generation energy can be obtained more efficiently.
- the durability and high output density of the MEA can be maintained even when oxygen gas is supplied without humidification or low humidification.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the fuel cell of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a part of an exploded perspective view of the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment.
- the fuel cell 100 includes an MEA 110, an air electrode separator 120, and a fuel electrode separator 130.
- the MEA 110 includes a polymer electrolyte membrane 111, an air electrode catalyst layer 113, a fuel electrode catalyst layer 115, an air electrode gas diffusion layer 117, and a fuel electrode gas diffusion layer 119.
- the oxidizing gas channel 121 is formed in the air electrode separator 120.
- the fuel electrode separator 130 is a metal separator having a corrugated cross section.
- the fuel electrode separator 130 has a fuel gas channel 131 on the surface in contact with the MEA 110 and a refrigerant channel 153 on the back surface of the surface in contact with the MEA 110.
- the fuel gas channel 131 ′ selectively overlaps the water retention region 125 and the oxidizing gas supply region 127 and does not overlap the portion of the oxidizing gas channel 121 that is parallel to the fuel gas channel 131.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view of the air electrode separator 120 shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.
- the air electrode separator 120 of the first embodiment includes the oxidizing gas supply manifold hole 140, the oxidizing gas discharge manifold hole 141, the fuel gas supply manifold hole 160, the fuel gas discharge manifold hole 161, and the refrigerant supply.
- a manifold hole 150 and a refrigerant discharge manifold hole 151 are provided.
- the oxidizing gas supply manifold hole 140 is a hole for supplying oxidizing gas to the oxidizing gas channel 121.
- the oxidizing gas discharge manifold hole 141 is a hole for discharging the oxidizing gas from the oxidizing gas channel 121.
- the oxidizing gas passage 121 is formed in the air electrode separator 120.
- the air electrode separator 120 has two or more oxidizing gas flow paths 121 along the specific direction X.
- the two or more oxidizing gas flow paths 121 are formed in a meandering shape and are line symmetric with respect to a line parallel to the specific direction X.
- the air electrode separator 120 alternately has the water retention regions 125 and the oxidizing gas supply regions 127 along the specific direction X.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view of the fuel electrode separator 130 shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 12A is a plan view of the surface of the fuel electrode separator 130 on which the fuel gas passage 131 is formed, and FIG. 12B is a plan view of the back surface 130 'of the fuel electrode separator 130 shown in FIG. 11A. Two or more refrigerant flow paths 153 parallel to each other are formed on the back surface 130 ′.
- the fuel electrode separator 130 of the first embodiment includes the oxidizing gas supply manifold hole 140 and the oxidizing gas discharge manifold hole 141, the fuel gas supply manifold hole 160, the fuel gas discharge manifold hole 161, and A refrigerant supply manifold hole 150 and a refrigerant discharge manifold hole 151 are provided. Further, the fuel electrode separator 130 is formed with two or more fuel gas passages 131 parallel to each other.
- the fuel gas supply manifold hole 160 is a hole for supplying fuel gas to the fuel gas flow path 131.
- the fuel gas discharge manifold hole 161 is a hole for discharging the fuel gas from the fuel gas flow path 131.
- the refrigerant supply manifold hole 150 is a hole for supplying a refrigerant to the refrigerant flow path 153.
- the refrigerant discharge manifold hole 151 is a hole for discharging the refrigerant from the refrigerant flow path 153.
- the fuel electrode separator 130 is a metal separator
- the fuel gas flow path 131 and the refrigerant flow path 153 are in an integrated relationship. That is, the rib 133 formed on the fuel electrode separator 130 corresponds to the refrigerant flow path 153 on the back surface 130 ′, and the rib 155 formed on the back surface 130 ′ corresponds to the fuel gas flow path 131 in the fuel electrode separator 130 (FIG. 10).
- the water retention region and the oxidation gas supply region are alternately arranged along the specific direction between the adjacent oxidation gas flow channels of the fuel cell according to the first embodiment. Even when this oxidizing gas is supplied, sufficient moisture can be retained in the fuel cell, and a sufficient amount of oxidizing gas can be supplied to the fuel cell.
- the fuel gas can be supplied to a region where the membrane resistance of the polymer electrolyte membrane is low and the concentration of the oxidizing gas is high.
- the power generation energy can be obtained more efficiently. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the durability and high output density of MEA can be maintained even when oxygen gas is supplied without humidification or with low humidification.
- the fuel cell of Embodiment 2 is the same as the fuel cell 100 of Embodiment 1 except that the downstream shape of the oxidizing gas flow path is different. Therefore, in the present embodiment, only the shape of the oxidizing gas channel will be described.
- FIG. 13 is a plan view of the air electrode separator 220 of the fuel cell of the second embodiment.
- the same components as those of the air electrode separator 120 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the air electrode separator 220 shown in FIG. 13 has two or more oxidizing gas flow paths 221 along the specific direction X.
- the oxidizing gas channel 221 includes an upstream region 221a and a downstream region 221b.
- the “upstream region” means a region on the oxidizing gas supply manifold hole 140 side in the oxidizing gas channel
- the “downstream region” means a region on the oxidizing gas discharge manifold hole 141 side in the oxidizing gas channel. Means.
- the oxidizing gas channel 221 has a meandering shape. Further, in the upstream region 221 a, the adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths 221 are symmetrical with respect to a line parallel to the specific direction X. For this reason, in the upstream region 221a, the water retention regions 125 and the oxidizing gas supply regions 127 are alternately arranged along the specific direction X between the adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths 221.
- the oxidizing gas channel 221 is linear. Therefore, in the downstream region 221b, the gap (the width of the rib 123) between the adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths 221 is constant. Further, the gap between the adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths 221 in the downstream region 221b is smaller than the maximum value of the gap (the width of the water retention region 125) between the adjacent oxidizing gas flow channels 221 in the upstream region 221a.
- the gap between adjacent oxidizing gas flow paths 221 in the downstream region 221b is preferably substantially the same as the width of the oxidizing gas supply region 127 disposed between the adjacent oxidizing gas flow channels 221 in the upstream region 221a.
- the downstream area 221b is oxidized more than the upstream area 221a.
- the number of gas flow paths 221 increases.
- the water retention region By forming the water retention region only in the adjacent upstream region in this way, it is possible to selectively retain only the vicinity of the oxidizing gas supply manifold hole (upstream region) that is particularly easily dried in the fuel cell. Further, in the downstream region where the oxidant gas is easily depleted, the supply amount of the oxidant gas can be increased by making the oxidant gas passages linear and reducing the gap between the oxidant gas passages.
- Embodiment 3 In the first and second embodiments, the form in which the oxidizing gas flow path is formed in the air electrode separator has been described. In Embodiment 3, an embodiment in which the oxidizing gas flow path is formed in the air electrode gas diffusion layer will be described.
- FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view of the fuel cell 300 of the third embodiment.
- the same components as those of the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the fuel cell 300 has an air electrode gas diffusion layer 317 and an air electrode separator 320.
- An oxidizing gas flow path 121 is formed in the air electrode gas diffusion layer 317.
- the air electrode separator 320 is a flat plate.
- FIG. 15 shows the fuel cell of the first embodiment and the fuel cell of the second embodiment under a medium temperature and non-humidified condition (temperature during power generation of the fuel cell: 65 ° C. Dew point of oxidizing gas: 35 ° C. Dew point of fuel gas: 65 ° C. ) Shows the simulation results of the generated voltage and the membrane resistance when operated in ().
- a conventional fuel cell (a fuel cell not having a water retention region and an oxidizing gas supply region) is subjected to a medium temperature full humidification condition (temperature during power generation of the fuel cell: 65 ° C., dew point of oxidizing gas: 65 ° C.) Also shown are simulation results of power generation voltage and membrane resistance when operated at a gas dew point of 65 ° C. (conventional example 1) and when a conventional fuel cell is operated under medium temperature non-humidified conditions (conventional example 2). .
- the “same direction” shown in FIG. 15 indicates a case where the flowing direction of the oxidizing gas and the flowing direction of the fuel gas are the same, and the “reverse direction” means that the flowing direction of the oxidizing gas and the flowing direction of the fuel gas are The reverse case is shown.
- Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 have the same generation voltage as that of the fuel cell (Conventional Example 1) operated under the medium temperature full humidification condition of the conventional oxidizing gas. It became. However, the fuel cells of Embodiments 1 and 2 have lower membrane resistance than the fuel cell of Conventional Example 2. This result suggests that the fuel cells of Embodiments 1 and 2 have higher MEA moisture content than the fuel cell of Conventional Example 2.
- FIG. 16 shows the relative humidity (FIG. 16A) in the oxidizing gas flow path and the fuel gas flow path when the fuel cell of Embodiment 1 and the fuel cell of Embodiment 2 are operated under a medium temperature non-humidified condition.
- the simulation result of relative humidity (FIG. 16B) is shown.
- the simulation result of the relative humidity in the road is also shown. In this simulation, the direction in which the oxidizing gas flows and the direction in which the fuel gas flows are the same.
- the alternate long and short dash line A1 indicates the relative humidity of the first embodiment
- the solid line A2 indicates the relative humidity of the second embodiment
- the two-dot chain line B1 indicates the relative humidity of the conventional example 1
- a dotted line B2 indicates the relative humidity of Conventional Example 2.
- the relative humidity in the oxidant gas flow path of the fuel cells of Embodiments 1 and 2 is maintained at approximately 70% or more even in the vicinity of the oxidant gas flow path inlet that is most dry. Yes.
- the relative humidity in the oxidizing gas channel of the fuel cell of Conventional Example 2 was 30% or less near the oxidizing gas channel inlet.
- the relative humidity exceeds 100% near the outlet of the oxidizing gas channel, but in the fuel cell of the second embodiment, the relative humidity is also near the outlet of the oxidizing gas channel. It does not exceed 100%. This suggests that in the fuel cell of Embodiment 2, flooding is unlikely to occur near the outlet of the oxidizing gas flow path.
- the relative humidity in the fuel gas flow paths of the fuel cells of Embodiments 1 and 2 was generally maintained at 80% or more.
- the relative humidity in the fuel gas channel of the fuel cell of Conventional Example 2 was 70% or less near the fuel gas channel inlet.
- the fuel cell of the present invention has higher relative humidity and lower membrane resistance than the conventional fuel cell under the medium temperature and no humidification condition. Therefore, it is expected that the fuel cell of the present invention has higher MEA durability than the conventional fuel cell under the medium temperature non-humidified condition.
- FIG. 17 shows the fuel cell of Embodiment 1 and the fuel cell of Embodiment 2 under high-temperature and low-humidification conditions (temperature during power generation of the fuel cell: 90 ° C. Dew point of oxidizing gas: 65 ° C. Dew point of fuel gas: 65 The simulation results of the generated voltage and the membrane resistance when operated at (° C.) are shown. Furthermore, as a comparative example, when a conventional fuel cell is operated under a medium temperature full humidification condition (Conventional Example 1), and when a conventional fuel cell is operated under a high temperature low humidification condition (Conventional Example 2), The simulation results of power generation voltage and membrane resistance are also shown.
- the “same direction” shown in FIG. 17 indicates a case where the flowing direction of the oxidizing gas and the flowing direction of the fuel gas are the same, and the “reverse direction” means that the flowing direction of the oxidizing gas and the flowing direction of the fuel gas are The reverse case is shown.
- the generated voltage is higher when the flow directions of the oxidizing gas and the fuel gas are opposite.
- the power generation performance is higher when the direction in which the fuel gas flows and the direction in which the oxidizing gas flows are reversed under high temperature and low humidification conditions.
- the fuel cells of Embodiments 1 and 2 have lower membrane resistance than the fuel cell of Conventional Example 2. This result suggests that the water content of the fuel cells of Embodiments 1 and 2 is higher than that of Conventional Example 2.
- the fuel cell of the second embodiment has a higher power generation voltage than the fuel cell of the conventional example 2 and the first embodiment.
- FIG. 18 shows the relative humidity (FIG. 18A) in the oxidizing gas flow path and the fuel gas flow path when the fuel cell of Embodiment 1 and the fuel cell of Embodiment 2 are operated under high temperature and low humidification conditions.
- the simulation result of relative humidity (FIG. 18B) is shown.
- FIG. 18A when a conventional fuel cell is operated under a medium temperature full humidification condition (conventional example 1), and when a conventional fuel cell is operated under a high temperature low humidification condition (conventional example 2), The simulation result of the relative humidity in the gas flow path is also shown.
- the direction in which the oxidizing gas flows is opposite to the direction in which the fuel gas flows.
- the alternate long and short dash line A1 indicates the relative humidity of the first embodiment
- the solid line A2 indicates the relative humidity of the second embodiment
- the two-dot chain line B1 indicates the relative humidity of the conventional example 1
- a dotted line B2 indicates the relative humidity of Conventional Example 2.
- the relative humidity in the oxidant gas flow path of the fuel cells of Embodiments 1 and 2 is maintained at approximately 40% or more even in the vicinity of the oxidant gas flow path inlet that is most likely to dry. Yes.
- the relative humidity in the oxidizing gas channel of the fuel cell of Conventional Example 2 was 40% or less near the oxidizing gas channel inlet.
- the relative humidity in the fuel gas channel of the fuel cells of Embodiments 1 and 2 was approximately 60% near the inlet of the fuel gas channel, whereas In Example 2, the relative humidity did not exceed 60%.
- the fuel cell of the present invention has a higher power generation voltage and lower membrane resistance than the conventional fuel cell. Therefore, the fuel cell of the present invention is expected to have a higher output density and higher MEA durability than conventional fuel cells under high temperature and low humidification conditions.
- the size of the catalyst electrode was 200 mm in length.
- the width of the oxidizing gas channel was 1.0 mm and the depth was 0.3 mm.
- the width of the fuel gas channel was 1.0 mm, and the depth was 0.5 mm.
- the thickness of the polymer electrolyte membrane is 30 ⁇ m; the thickness of the air electrode catalyst layer is 10 ⁇ m; the thickness of the air electrode gas diffusion layer is 200 ⁇ m; the thickness of the fuel electrode catalyst layer is 10 ⁇ m;
- the thickness was set to 400 ⁇ m.
- the gas diffusion layer has the same diffusibility as the paper type and cloth type.
- the dew point of the oxidizing gas was 65 ° C.
- the dew point of the fuel gas was 65 ° C.
- the cell temperature was 80 ° C.
- the utilization rate of oxidizing gas (air) was 55%
- the utilization rate of fuel gas (75% hydrogen, 25% carbon dioxide) was 75%.
- the width of the oxidizing gas supply area was set to 0 to 6 mm as a variable.
- the width of the water retaining region was set to 2 to 8 mm as a value obtained by adding the width value of the two flow paths (2 mm) to the width value of the oxidizing gas supply region.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing the analysis results of Experimental Example 3.
- the horizontal axis of the graph shown in FIG. 19 indicates the width of the oxidizing gas supply region, and the vertical axis indicates the generated voltage.
- the generated voltage increases when the width of the oxidizing gas supply region is 0 to 2 mm, and decreases when the width of the oxidizing gas supply region is 2 mm or more.
- the power generation voltage becomes high (6.9 mV or more).
- the fuel cell according to the present invention is useful for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell that is operated at a high temperature and low humidity or a medium temperature non-humidification operation.
- Fuel cell 110 MEA DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 111
- Polymer electrolyte membrane 113
- Air electrode catalyst layer 115
- Fuel electrode catalyst layer 117,317 Air electrode gas diffusion layer 119
- Fuel electrode gas diffusion layer 120,220,320
- Air electrode separator 121,221
- Oxidation gas flow path 123,133,155 Rib 125 Water retention area 127
- Oxidizing gas supply area 130 Fuel electrode separator 131
- Fuel gas flow path 140 Oxidizing gas supply manifold hole 141
- Oxidizing gas discharge manifold hole 150
- Refrigerant supply manifold hole 151
- Refrigerant discharge manifold hole 153
- Refrigerant flow path 160
- Fuel gas supply manifold hole 161 Fuel gas discharge manifold hole
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
空気極セパレータ120は酸化ガス流路121およびリブ123を有する。また、燃料極セパレータ130は燃料ガス流路131およびリブ133を有する。複数の矢印Zは、空気極触媒層113で生成された水の移動を示す。リブ123および133はガス流路間のギャップを形成する。
[1]高分子電解質膜、ならびに前記高分子電解質膜を挟み、空気極および燃料極からなる一対の触媒電極を有する膜電極接合体と;前記膜電極接合体を挟む空気極セパレータおよび燃料極セパレータからなる一対のセパレータと;前記空気極に酸化ガスを供給する、特定方向に沿った2以上の酸化ガス流路と;前記燃料極に燃料ガスを供給する、前記特定方向に平行な2以上の直線状の燃料ガス流路と;を有する燃料電池であって、隣接する2つの前記酸化ガス流路の間には、前記酸化ガス流路間のギャップが大きい箇所と前記ギャップが小さい箇所とが、前記特定方向に沿って交互に配置され、前記燃料ガス流路は、前記酸化ガス流路のうち、前記燃料ガス流路に平行な部分に重ならない、燃料電池。
[2]前記酸化ガス流路は、酸化ガスに対する透過性を有するリブによって規定され、前記リブは、導電性多孔質体からなる、[1]に記載の燃料電池。
[3]前記導電性多孔質体における平均孔径は、10μm以下である、[2]に記載の燃料電池。
[4]前記2以上の酸化ガス流路は、蛇行状であり、隣接する2つの前記酸化ガス流路同士は、前記特定方向に平行な線に関して線対称である、[1]~[3]のいずれか一つに記載の燃料電池。
[5]前記酸化ガス流路は、前記空気極セパレータに形成される、[1]~[4]のいずれか一つに記載の燃料電池。
[6]前記空気極セパレータは、金属板と、前記金属板上に配置され、導電性多孔質体からなるリブとを有する、[5]に記載の燃料電池。
[7]前記空気極は、前記高分子電解質膜に接する触媒層と、前記触媒層上に積層され、前記空気極セパレータに接するガス拡散層と、を有し、前記酸化ガス流路は、前記ガス拡散層に形成される、[1]~[4]のいずれか一つに記載の燃料電池。
[8]前記燃料ガス流路は、前記燃料極セパレータに形成され、前記燃料極セパレータは、前記燃料ガス流路を規定するリブを有し、前記リブは、前記燃料ガスに対する透過性を有さない、[1]~[7]のいずれか一つに記載の燃料電池。
[9]前記燃料極セパレータは、カーボンセパレータまたは金属セパレータである、[8]に記載の燃料電池。
[10]前記酸化ガス流路に流れる前記酸化ガスの流れる方向と、前記燃料ガス流路に流れる前記燃料ガスの流れる方向とは、前記特定方向と同一であり、前記燃料電池に供給される前記酸化ガスの露点は、45℃以下である、[1]~[9]のいずれか一つに記載の燃料電池。
[11]前記酸化ガス流路に流れる前記酸化ガスの流れる方向と、前記燃料ガス流路に流れる前記燃料ガスの流れる方向とは、前記特定方向と同一であり、前記燃料電池に供給される前記酸化ガスの露点は、-10~45℃であり、前記燃料電池に供給される前記酸化ガスは加湿されない、[1]~[9]のいずれか一つに記載の燃料電池。
[12]前記酸化ガス流路に流れる前記酸化ガスの流れる方向は、前記特定方向と同一であり、前記燃料ガス流路に流れる前記燃料ガスの流れる方向は、前記特定方向と逆であり、前記燃料電池に供給される前記酸化ガスの露点は、55~75℃である、[1]~[9]のいずれか一つに記載の燃料電池。
[13]高分子電解質膜、ならびに前記高分子電解質膜を挟む、空気極および燃料極からなる一対の触媒電極を有する膜電極接合体と;前記膜電極接合体を挟む空気極セパレータおよび燃料極セパレータからなる一対のセパレータと;前記酸化極に酸化ガスを供給する、特定方向に沿った2以上の酸化ガス流路と;を有する燃料電池であって、前記酸化ガス流路は、上流領域と、下流領域とからなり、前記上流領域では、隣接する2つの前記酸化ガス流路の間には、前記酸化ガス流路間のギャップが大きい箇所と前記ギャップが小さい箇所とが、前記特定方向に沿って交互に配置され、前記下流領域では、隣接する2つの前記下流流酸化ガス流路間のギャップの大きさは、一定であり、前記下流領域における隣接する2つの前記酸化ガス流路間のギャップは、前記上流領域における隣接する2つの前記酸化ガス流路間のギャップの最大値よりも小さい、燃料電池。
MEAは、高分子電解質膜ならびに高分子電解質膜を挟む空気極および燃料極からなる一対の触媒電極を有する。空気極は、高分子電解質膜に接する空気極触媒層と、空気極触媒層に積層される空気極ガス拡散層とを有することが好ましい。同様に、燃料極は、高分子電解質膜に接する燃料極触媒層と、燃料極触媒層に積層される燃料極ガス拡散層とを有することが好ましい。
セパレータは、MEAを機械的に固定し、かつMEAに供給される酸化ガスと燃料ガスとを混ざらないようにするための導電性の板である。空気極セパレータは、空気極に接し、燃料極セパレータは、燃料極に接する。
酸化ガス流路は、酸化ガスを空気極に供給するための流路である。酸化ガス流路の幅は、0.8~1.2mm程度であることが好ましく、酸化ガス流路の深さは、0.3~0.8mmであることが好ましい。酸化ガス流路はリブによって規定される。
燃料ガス流路は、燃料極に燃料ガスを供給するための流路である。燃料ガス流路の幅は、0.8~1.2mmであることが好ましく、燃料ガス流路の深さは、0.3~0.7mmであることが好ましい。燃料ガス流路の形状は、酸化ガス流路のように蛇行状ではなく、直線状であることが好ましい。燃料ガス流路は上述した特定方向Xに平行であることが好ましい。また燃料ガスの圧力損失を調節するために、燃料ガス流路内に突起を設けてもよい。さらに、燃料ガス流路を規定するリブは、基本的に燃料ガスに対する透過性を有さないことが好ましい。燃料ガス流路を規定するリブを燃料ガスに対して非透過性とすることで、燃料ガスを所望の領域に集中的に供給することができる。
本発明は、酸化ガス流路と燃料ガス流路との位置関係にさらに特徴を有する。具体的には、本発明の燃料電池では、燃料ガス流路は、保水領域および酸化ガス供給領域に選択的に重なる。また、燃料ガス流路は、酸化ガス流路のうち、燃料ガス流路に平行な部分に重ならない。ここで「重なる」とは、燃料電池をMEAの面方向に対して垂直な方向から見たときに、重なりあう関係を意味する。
一方で、燃料ガス流路131は、図6Bで示されるように酸化ガス流路121のうち燃料ガス流路131に平行な部分に重なるように配置されることは好ましくない。後述するように空気極で生成された水は、酸化ガス流路を通って、燃料電池の外部に排出されるため、酸化ガス流路が位置する領域ではMEAの湿度が低下し、高分子電解質膜の膜抵抗が上昇するからである。
例えば、燃料電池が中温無加湿条件下で運転される場合は、酸化ガスおよび燃料ガスの流れる方向は同一であることが好ましい。したがって、燃料電池が中温無加湿条件下で運転される場合は、酸化ガスの流れる方向と燃料ガスの流れる方向とは、特定方向Xと同じである。
本発明の燃料電池の運転時には、酸化ガス流路に、無加湿または低加湿の酸化ガスを供給し、燃料ガス流路に水素ガスを含む燃料ガスを供給して、電気エネルギを得る。電気エネルギは以下の反応で得られる。
一方で酸化ガス供給領域では、酸化ガス流路121と酸化ガス流路121’とのギャップが小さい(リブ幅が小さい)ことから、リブ123の下に保持されている水は、酸化ガス流路に拡散しやすく、水分が保持されない。
実施の形態1では、酸化ガス流路が空気極セパレータに形成され、燃料極セパレータが金属セパレータである燃料電池について説明する。
実施の形態1では、上流側の酸化ガス流路および下流側の酸化ガス流路の両方が蛇行状である例について説明した。実施の形態2では上流側の酸化ガス流路のみが蛇行状であり、下流側の酸化ガス流路は直線状である燃料電池について説明する。
実施の形態1および2では、酸化ガス流路が空気極セパレータに形成された形態について説明した。実施の形態3では、酸化ガス流路が空気極ガス拡散層に形成された形態について説明する。
実験例1では、本発明の実施の形態1および実施の形態2の燃料電池を、中温無加湿条件下で運転したときの発電電圧、膜抵抗および反応ガスの相対湿度を、コンピューターシミュレーションで解析した。
さらに比較例として、従来の燃料電池(保水領域および酸化ガス供給領域を有さない燃料電池)を、中温フル加湿条件下(燃料電池の発電時の温度:65℃ 酸化ガスの露点:65℃ 燃料ガスの露点:65℃)で運転した場合と(従来例1)、従来の燃料電池を、中温無加湿条件下で運転した場合(従来例2)の、発電電圧および膜抵抗のシミュレーション結果も示す。
さらに比較例として、従来の燃料電池を中温フル加湿条件下で運転した場合と(従来例1)、従来の燃料電池を、中温無加湿条件下で運転した場合(従来例2)とのガス流路内の相対湿度のシミュレーション結果も示す。
また、本シミュレーションでは、酸化ガスの流れる方向と燃料ガスの流れる方向とは同一とした。
また、実施の形態1の燃料電池では、酸化ガス流路の出口付近で、相対湿度が100%を超えるが、実施の形態2の燃料電池では、酸化ガス流路の出口付近でも、相対湿度が100%を超えることがない。これは、実施の形態2の燃料電池では、酸化ガス流路の出口付近でフラッディングが起こりにくいことを示唆する。
実験例2では、本発明の実施の形態1および実施の形態2の燃料電池を、高温低加湿条件下で運転したときの発電電圧、膜抵抗および反応ガスの相対湿度を、コンピューターシミュレーションで解析した。
さらに比較例として、従来の燃料電池を、中温フル加湿条件下で運転した場合と(従来例1)、従来の燃料電池を、高温低加湿条件下で運転した場合(従来例2)との、発電電圧および膜抵抗のシミュレーション結果も示す。
また、実施の形態1および実施の形態2の燃料電池は、従来例2の燃料電池よりも膜抵抗が低い。この結果は、実施の形態1および実施の形態2の燃料電池の水分含有率が、従来例2のそれよりも高いことを示唆する。さらに、実施の形態2の燃料電池は、従来例2および実施の形態1の燃料電池よりも、発電電圧が高かった。
さらに比較例として、従来の燃料電池を、中温フル加湿条件下で運転した場合(従来例1)と、従来の燃料電池を、高温低加湿条件下で運転した場合(従来例2)との、ガス流路内における相対湿度のシミュレーション結果も示す。
また、シミュレーションでは、酸化ガスの流れる方向は燃料ガスの流れる方向と逆にした。
本実験例では、保水領域および酸化ガス供給領域の幅によって燃料電池の出力が変化することを示すシミュレーション実験について説明する。
触媒電極のサイズは縦200mmとした。
酸化ガス流路の幅を1.0mmとし、深さを0.3mmとした。燃料ガス流路の幅を1.0mmとし、深さを0.5mmとした。高分子電解質膜の厚さを30μmとし;空気極触媒層の厚さを10μmとし;空気極ガス拡散層の厚さを200μmとし;燃料極触媒層の厚さを10μmとし;燃料極ガス拡散層の厚さを400μmとした。ガス拡散層の拡散性は、ペーパタイプ、クロスタイプと同程度とした。
110 MEA
111 高分子電解質膜
113 空気極触媒層
115 燃料極触媒層
117,317 空気極ガス拡散層
119 燃料極ガス拡散層
120、220、320 空気極セパレータ
121、221 酸化ガス流路
123、133、155 リブ
125 保水領域
127 酸化ガス供給領域
130 燃料極セパレータ
131 燃料ガス流路
140 酸化ガス供給マニホールド孔
141 酸化ガス排出マニホールド孔
150 冷媒供給マニホールド孔
151 冷媒排出マニホールド孔
153 冷媒流路
160 燃料ガス供給マニホールド孔
161 燃料ガス排出マニホールド孔
Claims (13)
- 高分子電解質膜、ならびに前記高分子電解質膜を挟み、空気極および燃料極からなる一対の触媒電極を有する膜電極接合体と;
前記膜電極接合体を挟む空気極セパレータおよび燃料極セパレータからなる一対のセパレータと;
前記空気極に酸化ガスを供給する、特定方向に沿った2以上の酸化ガス流路と;
前記燃料極に燃料ガスを供給する、前記特定方向に平行な2以上の直線状の燃料ガス流路と;を有する燃料電池であって、
隣接する2つの前記酸化ガス流路の間には、前記酸化ガス流路間のギャップが大きい箇所と前記ギャップが小さい箇所とが、前記特定方向に沿って交互に配置され、
前記燃料ガス流路は、前記酸化ガス流路のうち、前記燃料ガス流路に平行な部分に重ならない、燃料電池。 - 前記酸化ガス流路は、酸化ガスに対する透過性を有するリブによって規定され、
前記リブは、導電性多孔質体からなる、請求項1に記載の燃料電池。 - 前記導電性多孔質体における平均孔径は、10μm以下である、請求項2に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記2以上の酸化ガス流路は、蛇行状であり、
隣接する2つの前記酸化ガス流路同士は、前記特定方向に平行な線に関して線対称である、請求項1に記載の燃料電池。 - 前記酸化ガス流路は、前記空気極セパレータに形成される、請求項1に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記空気極セパレータは、金属板と、前記金属板上に配置され、導電性多孔質体からなるリブとを有する、請求項5に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記空気極は、前記高分子電解質膜に接する触媒層と、前記触媒層上に積層され、前記空気極セパレータに接するガス拡散層と、を有し、
前記酸化ガス流路は、前記ガス拡散層に形成される、請求項1に記載の燃料電池。 - 前記燃料ガス流路は、前記燃料極セパレータに形成され、
前記燃料極セパレータは、前記燃料ガス流路を規定するリブを有し、
前記リブは、前記燃料ガスに対する透過性を有さない、請求項1に記載の燃料電池。 - 前記燃料極セパレータは、カーボンセパレータまたは金属セパレータである、請求項8に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記酸化ガス流路に流れる前記酸化ガスの流れる方向と、前記燃料ガス流路に流れる前記燃料ガスの流れる方向とは、前記特定方向と同一であり、
前記燃料電池に供給される前記酸化ガスの露点は、45℃以下である、請求項1に記載の燃料電池。 - 前記酸化ガス流路に流れる前記酸化ガスの流れる方向と、前記燃料ガス流路に流れる前記燃料ガスの流れる方向とは、前記特定方向と同一であり、
前記燃料電池に供給される前記酸化ガスの露点は、-10~45℃であり、前記燃料電池に供給される前記酸化ガスは加湿されない、請求項1に記載の燃料電池。 - 前記酸化ガス流路に流れる前記酸化ガスの流れる方向は、前記特定方向と同一であり、
前記燃料ガス流路に流れる前記燃料ガスの流れる方向は、前記特定方向と逆であり、
前記燃料電池に供給される前記酸化ガスの露点は、55~75℃である、請求項1に記載の燃料電池。 - 高分子電解質膜、ならびに前記高分子電解質膜を挟む、空気極および燃料極からなる一対の触媒電極を有する膜電極接合体と;
前記膜電極接合体を挟む空気極セパレータおよび燃料極セパレータからなる一対のセパレータと;
前記酸化極に酸化ガスを供給する、特定方向に沿った2以上の酸化ガス流路と;を有する燃料電池であって、
前記酸化ガス流路は、上流領域と、下流領域とからなり、
前記上流領域では、隣接する2つの前記酸化ガス流路の間には、前記酸化ガス流路間のギャップが大きい箇所と前記ギャップが小さい箇所とが、前記特定方向に沿って交互に配置され、
前記下流領域では、隣接する2つの前記酸化ガス流路間のギャップの大きさは、一定であり、
前記下流領域における隣接する2つの前記酸化ガス流路間のギャップは、前記上流領域における隣接する2つの前記酸化ガス流路間のギャップの最大値よりも小さい、燃料電池。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09825862.7A EP2352196B1 (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2009-09-30 | Fuel cell |
JP2010507756A JP4575524B2 (ja) | 2008-11-12 | 2009-09-30 | 燃料電池 |
US13/128,701 US8084163B2 (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2009-09-30 | Fuel cell |
CN2009801331085A CN102132449A (zh) | 2008-11-12 | 2009-09-30 | 燃料电池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008-290010 | 2008-11-12 | ||
JP2008290010 | 2008-11-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010055607A1 true WO2010055607A1 (ja) | 2010-05-20 |
Family
ID=42169754
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2009/005024 WO2010055607A1 (ja) | 2008-11-12 | 2009-09-30 | 燃料電池 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8084163B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2352196B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4575524B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102132449A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010055607A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4868094B1 (ja) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-02-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2019029240A (ja) * | 2017-08-01 | 2019-02-21 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 燃料電池発電単位および燃料電池スタック |
JP2021511634A (ja) * | 2018-01-17 | 2021-05-06 | ヌヴェラ・フュエル・セルズ,エルエルシー | 改善された流体流れ設計を伴うpem燃料セル |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6170698B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-26 | 2017-07-26 | 株式会社アツミテック | 発電装置 |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0195468A (ja) * | 1987-10-07 | 1989-04-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料電池 |
JP2000012051A (ja) * | 1998-04-22 | 2000-01-14 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用ガスセパレータおよび該燃料電池用ガスセパレータを用いた燃料電池 |
JP2002050392A (ja) | 2000-08-02 | 2002-02-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池スタック |
JP2002208417A (ja) * | 2001-01-10 | 2002-07-26 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 平板型固体電解質燃料電池における空気及び燃料供給方法 |
JP2002270201A (ja) * | 2001-03-09 | 2002-09-20 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池用のガス分離板 |
WO2002078108A1 (fr) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-10-03 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Pile a combustible a electrolyte haut polymere |
JP2003249243A (ja) | 2002-02-26 | 2003-09-05 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池 |
US20040157103A1 (en) | 2003-01-20 | 2004-08-12 | Shinsuke Takeguchi | Fuel cell, separator plate for a fuel cell, and method of operation of a fuel cell |
JP2004247289A (ja) | 2003-01-20 | 2004-09-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池及びその運転方法 |
JP2008066242A (ja) | 2006-09-11 | 2008-03-21 | Fco Kk | 燃料電池 |
JP2008290010A (ja) | 2007-05-25 | 2008-12-04 | Panasonic Corp | 電気装置および溶接装置 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0689731A (ja) * | 1992-09-10 | 1994-03-29 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池発電システム |
US5549983A (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1996-08-27 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Coflow planar fuel cell stack construction for solid electrolytes |
US5776625A (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 1998-07-07 | H Power Corporation | Hydrogen-air fuel cell |
US6358642B1 (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2002-03-19 | General Motors Corporation | Flow channels for fuel cell |
KR100409042B1 (ko) * | 2001-02-24 | 2003-12-11 | (주)퓨얼셀 파워 | 막전극 접합체와 그 제조 방법 |
JP4995063B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-26 | 2012-08-08 | パナソニック株式会社 | 高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
US20050233203A1 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2005-10-20 | Hampden-Smith Mark J | Modified carbon products, their use in fluid/gas diffusion layers and similar devices and methods relating to the same |
US7220513B2 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2007-05-22 | General Motors Corporation | Balanced humidification in fuel cell proton exchange membranes |
JP4312257B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-21 | 2009-08-12 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
DE102006059857A1 (de) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-19 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Bipolarplatte, insbesondere für eine Brennstoffzelle |
-
2009
- 2009-09-30 EP EP09825862.7A patent/EP2352196B1/en active Active
- 2009-09-30 JP JP2010507756A patent/JP4575524B2/ja active Active
- 2009-09-30 CN CN2009801331085A patent/CN102132449A/zh active Pending
- 2009-09-30 WO PCT/JP2009/005024 patent/WO2010055607A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-09-30 US US13/128,701 patent/US8084163B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0195468A (ja) * | 1987-10-07 | 1989-04-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料電池 |
JP2000012051A (ja) * | 1998-04-22 | 2000-01-14 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用ガスセパレータおよび該燃料電池用ガスセパレータを用いた燃料電池 |
JP2002050392A (ja) | 2000-08-02 | 2002-02-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池スタック |
JP2002208417A (ja) * | 2001-01-10 | 2002-07-26 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 平板型固体電解質燃料電池における空気及び燃料供給方法 |
JP2002270201A (ja) * | 2001-03-09 | 2002-09-20 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池用のガス分離板 |
WO2002078108A1 (fr) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-10-03 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Pile a combustible a electrolyte haut polymere |
JP2003249243A (ja) | 2002-02-26 | 2003-09-05 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池 |
US20040157103A1 (en) | 2003-01-20 | 2004-08-12 | Shinsuke Takeguchi | Fuel cell, separator plate for a fuel cell, and method of operation of a fuel cell |
JP2004247289A (ja) | 2003-01-20 | 2004-09-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池及びその運転方法 |
JP2008066242A (ja) | 2006-09-11 | 2008-03-21 | Fco Kk | 燃料電池 |
JP2008290010A (ja) | 2007-05-25 | 2008-12-04 | Panasonic Corp | 電気装置および溶接装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2352196A4 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4868094B1 (ja) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-02-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2019029240A (ja) * | 2017-08-01 | 2019-02-21 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 燃料電池発電単位および燃料電池スタック |
JP2021511634A (ja) * | 2018-01-17 | 2021-05-06 | ヌヴェラ・フュエル・セルズ,エルエルシー | 改善された流体流れ設計を伴うpem燃料セル |
JP7449228B2 (ja) | 2018-01-17 | 2024-03-13 | ヌヴェラ・フュエル・セルズ,エルエルシー | 改善された流体流れ設計を伴うpem燃料セル |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8084163B2 (en) | 2011-12-27 |
JP4575524B2 (ja) | 2010-11-04 |
JPWO2010055607A1 (ja) | 2012-04-05 |
EP2352196A1 (en) | 2011-08-03 |
EP2352196A4 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
CN102132449A (zh) | 2011-07-20 |
US20110212381A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
EP2352196B1 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4559539B2 (ja) | 燃料電池 | |
JP7304524B2 (ja) | 燃料電池のカソード触媒層および燃料電池 | |
KR101223082B1 (ko) | 연료전지 | |
JPWO2007094459A1 (ja) | 膜触媒層接合体、膜電極接合体及び高分子電解質形燃料電池 | |
JP4575524B2 (ja) | 燃料電池 | |
WO2011074191A1 (ja) | 高分子電解質形燃料電池、それを備える燃料電池スタック、燃料電池システム、及び燃料電池システムの運転方法 | |
JP2004030959A (ja) | ガス拡散部材、ガス拡散電極および燃料電池 | |
JP5541291B2 (ja) | 燃料電池及び燃料電池を備えた車両 | |
EP2405515B1 (en) | Fuel cell separator and fuel cell including same | |
JP2013225398A (ja) | 燃料電池スタック | |
JP4606038B2 (ja) | 高分子電解質型燃料電池及びその運転方法 | |
JP4880131B2 (ja) | ガス拡散電極およびこれを用いた燃料電池 | |
JP2006049115A (ja) | 燃料電池 | |
US9325015B2 (en) | Reaction layer for fuel cell | |
US8568941B2 (en) | Fuel cell separator and fuel cell including same | |
JP5518721B2 (ja) | 燃料電池及びこれを備える燃料電池スタック | |
CN217955916U (zh) | 燃料电池单元和燃料电池系统 | |
US20220336834A1 (en) | Membrane electrode assembly and fuel cell | |
JP2005142027A (ja) | 高分子電解質型燃料電池 | |
JP2011018605A (ja) | 燃料電池 | |
JP2003142110A (ja) | 燃料電池用電極および燃料電池 | |
JP5780414B2 (ja) | 燃料電池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200980133108.5 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2010507756 Country of ref document: JP |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09825862 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13128701 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 2009825862 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |