WO2010052975A1 - 非接触電力伝送装置及びその設計方法 - Google Patents
非接触電力伝送装置及びその設計方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010052975A1 WO2010052975A1 PCT/JP2009/066756 JP2009066756W WO2010052975A1 WO 2010052975 A1 WO2010052975 A1 WO 2010052975A1 JP 2009066756 W JP2009066756 W JP 2009066756W WO 2010052975 A1 WO2010052975 A1 WO 2010052975A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/20—AC to AC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-contact power transmission device and a design method thereof.
- FIG. 6 shows a non-contact power transmission device that transmits power from the first copper wire coil 51 to the second copper wire coil 52 that is spaced apart from the first copper wire coil 51 by electromagnetic field resonance.
- the outline is shown.
- Such an apparatus is disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 1, for example.
- the magnetic field generated by the primary coil 54 connected to the AC power supply 53 is enhanced by magnetic field resonance by the first and second copper wire coils 51, 52, and is enhanced near the second copper wire coil 52.
- the electric power generated in the secondary coil 55 is supplied to the load 56 through the electromagnetic induction effect of the generated magnetic field. It has been confirmed that a 60 W lamp as the load 56 can be turned on when the first and second copper wire coils 51 and 52 having a radius of 30 cm are arranged 2 m apart from each other.
- Non-Patent Document 1 the first copper coil 51 on the transmission side (power transmission side) and the second copper on the reception side (power reception side), which are required when designing and manufacturing this non-contact power transmission device,
- the relationship between the resonant frequency of the copper wire coil 52 and the frequency of the output voltage of the AC power supply 53 is not specified.
- a method for determining the frequency of the output voltage of the AC power supply 53 for transmitting power with high efficiency is not disclosed. Therefore, in order to determine the optimum frequency of the output voltage of the AC power supply 53, it is necessary to investigate the relationship between the frequency of the output voltage of the AC power supply 53 and the power transmission efficiency over a wide range, which is troublesome.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact power transmission device that is easy to design and manufacture and a design method thereof.
- a non-contact power transmission device including an AC power source, a resonance system, and a load
- the resonance system includes a primary coil connected to the AC power source, a primary resonance coil, a secondary resonance coil, and a secondary coil connected to the load.
- the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply is a first frequency at which the input impedance becomes maximum when the relationship between the input impedance of the resonance system and the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply is graphed, and the first It is set between the second frequency that is higher than the frequency and the input impedance is minimized.
- a non-contact power transmission device including an AC power source, a resonance system, and a load
- the resonance system includes a primary coil connected to the AC power source, a primary resonance coil, a secondary resonance coil, and a secondary coil connected to the load.
- the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply is set within an input impedance reduction range in which the input impedance of the resonance system decreases as the frequency of the AC voltage increases.
- a design method for a non-contact power transmission device including an AC power source, a resonance system, and a load
- the resonance system includes a primary coil connected to the AC power source, a primary resonance coil, a secondary resonance coil, and a secondary coil connected to the load.
- the resonance system includes a primary coil connected to the AC power source, a primary resonance coil, a secondary resonance coil, and a secondary coil connected to the load.
- the method includes setting the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply within an input impedance reduction range in which the input impedance of the resonance system decreases as the frequency of the AC voltage increases.
- the schematic block diagram of the non-contact electric power transmission apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.
- the graph which shows the relationship between the impedance of a primary coil, the input impedance of a resonance system, electric power transmission efficiency, and the frequency of the alternating voltage of an alternating current power supply in case the number of turns of a primary coil is one.
- the graph which shows the relationship between the impedance of a primary coil, the input impedance of a resonance system, power transmission efficiency, and the frequency of the alternating voltage of an alternating current power supply in case the number of turns of a primary coil is two.
- the graph which shows the relationship between the impedance of a primary coil, the input impedance of a resonance system, electric power transmission efficiency, and the frequency of the alternating voltage of an alternating current power supply in case the number of turns of a primary coil is four.
- the schematic diagram which shows another example of the primary side resonance coil and secondary side resonance coil which comprise a resonance system.
- the contactless power transmission device 10 includes a resonance system 12 that transmits power supplied from an AC power supply 11 to a load 17 in a contactless manner.
- the resonance system 12 includes a primary coil 13 connected to the AC power supply 11, a primary side resonance coil 14, a secondary side resonance coil 15, and a secondary coil 16.
- the secondary coil 16 is connected to a load 17.
- the AC power supply 11 supplies an AC voltage to the primary coil 13.
- the AC power supply 11 may convert a DC voltage input from a DC power supply into an AC voltage and supply the AC voltage to the primary coil 13.
- the non-contact power transmission device 10 generates a magnetic field in the primary coil 13 by applying an AC voltage from the AC power source 11 to the primary coil 13.
- the non-contact power transmission device 10 reinforces the magnetic field generated by the primary coil 13 by magnetic field resonance by the primary side resonance coil 14 and the secondary side resonance coil 15, and the enhanced magnetic field in the vicinity of the secondary side resonance coil 15. Electric power is generated in the secondary coil 16 through the electromagnetic induction action, and the power is supplied to the load 17.
- the primary coil 13, the primary side resonance coil 14, the secondary side resonance coil 15 and the secondary coil 16 are formed of electric wires.
- the diameter and the number of turns of each of the coils 13, 14, 15, 16 are appropriately set according to the magnitude of power to be transmitted.
- the primary coil 13, the primary side resonance coil 14, the secondary side resonance coil 15, and the secondary coil 16 are formed in the same diameter.
- the frequency of the AC voltage output from the AC power supply 11 can be freely changed. Therefore, the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the resonance system 12 can be freely changed. Next, a method for designing the non-contact power transmission apparatus 10 will be described.
- the specifications of the primary side resonance coil 14 and the secondary side resonance coil 15 constituting the resonance system 12 are set.
- specifications for example, in addition to the material of the electric wires constituting the primary side resonance coil 14 and the secondary side resonance coil 15, the thickness of the electric wire, the diameter of the coil, the number of turns, the distance between the resonance coils 14 and 15, etc. There are values necessary to manufacture and install the two resonance coils 14 and 15.
- the specifications of the primary coil 13 and the secondary coil 16 are set.
- the specifications include the thickness of the electric wire, the diameter of the coil, and the number of turns in addition to the material of the electric wires constituting both the coils 13 and 16.
- a copper wire is used as an electric wire.
- the primary coil 13, the primary side resonance coil 14, the secondary side resonance coil 15, and the secondary coil 16 are formed with the set specifications, and the resonance system 12 is assembled. Thereafter, the load 17 is connected to the secondary coil 16. Thereafter, the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 is measured while changing the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 applied to the primary coil 13.
- the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 is the impedance of the entire resonance system 12 measured at both ends of the primary coil 13, and it does not matter whether the load 17 is connected to the secondary coil 16 or not. Based on the measurement result, a graph is created with the input impedance Zin as the vertical axis and the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 as the horizontal axis.
- first frequency the frequency at which the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 is maximized
- second frequency the frequency at which the input impedance Zin is higher than the frequency (second frequency).
- the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is set within a frequency range corresponding to the minimum point Pmin.
- a plurality of sets of local maximum points and local minimum points of the input impedance Zin having the same size may appear.
- a plurality of sets of local maximum points Pmax and local minimum points Pmin in FIG. 2 may appear.
- the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is set within the frequency range corresponding to the set of the maximum point Pmax and the minimum point Pmin that appear in the lowest frequency range.
- the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 and the output impedance of the AC power supply 11 are matched with the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 set as described above.
- a matching unit is inserted between the primary coil 13 and the AC power supply 11 for matching.
- the difference between the input impedance of the resonance system 12 and the output impedance of the AC power supply 11 is, for example, the difference between the input impedance of the resonance system 12 and the range within which a desired performance (power transmission efficiency) is achieved as a non-contact power transmission device. On the other hand, it may be within a range of ⁇ 10%, preferably within a range of ⁇ 5%.
- a thin vinyl insulated low-voltage electric wire (AVS wire) for automobiles having a size (cross-sectional area) of 0.5 sq (square mm) is used as the electric wire of each of the coils 13, 14, 15, 16 constituting the resonance system 12. is doing.
- the primary coil 13, the primary side resonance coil 14, the secondary side resonance coil 15, and the secondary coil 16 were formed with the following specifications.
- Primary coil 13 and secondary coil 16 Number of turns: 2 turns, diameter: diameter 150 mm, close winding Both resonance coils 14, 15: Number of turns: 45 turns, diameter: diameter 150 mm, close winding, open both ends of winding Primary Distance between side resonance coil 14 and secondary resonance coil 15: 200 mm
- a 50 ⁇ resistor was connected to the secondary coil 16 as the load 17, and a 10 Vpp (amplitude 5 V), sine wave AC voltage having a frequency of 1 MHz to 7 MHz was supplied to the primary coil 13 as an input voltage. Then, the impedance Z1 of the primary coil 13, the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12, and the power transmission efficiency ⁇ were measured.
- the number of turns of the primary coil 13 is changed without changing the specifications of the coils other than the primary coil 13.
- the same measurement was performed under the same conditions for the resonance system 12 changed to Volume 1 and Volume 4.
- the measurement results are shown in the graphs of FIGS. 2 to 4, the horizontal axis represents the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11, and the vertical axis represents the input impedance Zin, the impedance Z1 of the primary coil 13, and the power transmission efficiency ⁇ . 2 to 4, the power transmission efficiency ⁇ is simply shown as efficiency ⁇ .
- the maximum point of the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 is indicated by Pmax, and the minimum point is indicated by Pmin.
- the power transmission efficiency ⁇ represents the ratio of the power consumption at the load 17 to the input power to the primary coil 13, and is expressed as follows when expressed in%.
- Power transmission efficiency ⁇ (power consumption at the load 17) / (input power to the primary coil 13) ⁇ 100 [%] 2 to 4 suggest the following.
- the impedance Z1 of the primary coil 13 monotonously increases as the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 increases from 1 MHz to 7 MHz regardless of the number of turns of the primary coil 13.
- the increase rate of the impedance Z1 is larger when the frequency is lower.
- the impedance Z1 of the primary coil 13 increases as the number of turns of the primary coil 13 increases when the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is the same. Further, the increase rate of the impedance Z1 with respect to the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is larger when the number of turns of the primary coil 13 is increased four times than when the number of turns of the primary coil 13 is increased twice.
- the power transmission efficiency ⁇ is maximized at substantially the same frequency regardless of the number of turns of the primary coil 13.
- the frequency at which the power transmission efficiency ⁇ is maximized is defined as the resonance frequency in the resonance system 12.
- the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 changes so as to substantially coincide with the impedance of the primary coil 13 when the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is 2 MHz or less and 6 MHz or more, and parallel resonance and series in the vicinity of the resonance frequency. Resonance occurs in turn, thereby changing the input impedance Zin to produce a maximum point Pmax and a minimum point Pmin.
- the frequency at which the maximum point Pmax and the minimum point Pmin occur in the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 is constant regardless of the impedance Z1 of the primary coil 13. 6).
- the resonance frequency exists between the frequency at which the maximum point Pmax is generated in the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 and the frequency at which the resonance point 12 is higher than that frequency and at which the minimum point Pmin is generated in the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12. If the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is set between a frequency corresponding to the maximum point Pmax and a frequency higher than that frequency and corresponding to the minimum point Pmin, the power transmission efficiency ⁇ can be increased.
- the frequency corresponding to the maximum point Pmax of the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 and the frequency higher than that frequency and corresponding to the minimum point Pmin of the input impedance Zin, and the input impedance Zin and the primary coil 13 When the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is set to a frequency at which the impedance Z1 becomes equal, the power transmission efficiency ⁇ is the highest. That is, the frequency is a resonance frequency.
- the resonance frequency exists in the input impedance decrease range in which the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 decreases as the frequency increases.
- the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is set within a range where the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 decreases as the frequency increases, the power transmission efficiency ⁇ can be increased.
- the power transmission efficiency ⁇ is the highest in the input impedance reduction range where the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 decreases as the frequency increases and at a frequency where the input impedance Zin and the impedance Z1 of the primary coil 13 are equal. That is, the frequency becomes the resonance frequency.
- the non-contact power transmission apparatus 10 includes an AC power source 11, a resonance system 12, and a load 17.
- the resonance system 12 includes a primary coil 13 connected to the AC power source 11, a primary side resonance coil 14, a secondary side resonance coil 15, and a secondary coil 16 connected to a load 17.
- the frequency corresponding to the maximum point Pmax of the input impedance Zin (first frequency) is higher than the frequency and
- the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is set in a range between the frequency corresponding to the minimum point Pmin of the input impedance Zin (second frequency).
- the non-contact power transmission device 10 can be easily designed.
- the primary coil 13, the primary side resonance coil 14, the secondary side resonance coil 15 and the secondary coil 16 are formed to have the same diameter. Therefore, by winding the primary coil 13 and the primary side resonance coil 14 around one tube, both the transmission side (power transmission side) coils 13 and 14 can be easily manufactured, and the secondary side resonance coil 15 and By winding the secondary coil 16 around one tube, both the receiving side (power receiving side) coils 15 and 16 can be easily manufactured. In addition, by making the design parameters such as the number of turns of the primary resonance coil 14 and the secondary resonance coil 15 the same, the resonance frequencies of both can be easily made the same.
- the non-contact power transmission device 10 includes an AC power supply 11, a resonance system 12, and a load 17.
- the resonance system 12 includes a primary coil 13 connected to the AC power source 11, a primary side resonance coil 14, a secondary side resonance coil 15, and a secondary coil 16 connected to a load 17.
- the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is set within an input impedance reduction range in which the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 decreases as the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 increases. Therefore, by simply measuring the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12, the frequency range of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 to be set in order to increase the power transmission efficiency ⁇ , the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 increases the frequency. It can be limited to within the input impedance reduction range that decreases with the. Therefore, the non-contact power transmission device 10 can be easily designed.
- the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 is within the input impedance reduction range that decreases as the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 increases, and the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 and the impedance Z1 of the primary coil 13
- the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is set to a frequency at which and become the same value. For this reason, the non-contact electric power transmission apparatus 10 can be designed easily. In particular, when an AC voltage having a frequency set to such a value is applied to the primary coil, the power transmission efficiency ⁇ of the resonance system 12 is maximized.
- the impedance Z1 of the primary coil 13 is set so that the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 matches the output impedance of the AC power supply 11 at the set frequency. Therefore, power is efficiently supplied from the AC power supply 11 to the contactless power transmission device 10. Further, when matching the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 and the output impedance of the AC power supply 11, only the impedance Z1 of the primary coil 13 may be measured instead of the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12. Therefore, both impedances Zin and Z1 can be easily matched.
- the design method of the non-contact power transmission device 10 is such that when the relationship between the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 and the frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is graphed, the frequency at which the input impedance Zin is maximized ( The frequency of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 is set between the first frequency) and the frequency (second frequency) at which the input impedance Zin is higher than the frequency at which the input impedance Zin is maximized and the input impedance Zin is minimized. Therefore, only by measuring the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12, the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12 is maximized in the frequency range of the AC voltage of the AC power supply 11 to be set in order to increase the power transmission efficiency ⁇ . It can be limited between the frequency (first frequency) and the frequency (second frequency) that is higher than that frequency and at which the input impedance Zin is minimized. Therefore, the non-contact power transmission device 10 can be easily designed.
- each of the coils 13, 14, 15, 16 is not limited to a cylindrical shape.
- it may be a simple cylindrical shape such as a triangular cylindrical shape, a rectangular cylindrical shape, a hexagonal cylindrical shape, or an elliptical cylindrical shape, or a cylindrical shape having a cross section that is not a symmetric figure. Also good.
- the primary-side resonance coil 14 and the secondary-side resonance coil 15 are not limited to coils in which an electric wire is wound in a cylindrical shape.
- a shape in which an electric wire is wound on one plane is used. You may have.
- the coils 13, 14, 15, and 16 are each wound with an interval between the winding portions so that the winding portions do not come in contact with each other even when the adjacent winding portions are in close contact with each other. It may be a configuration.
- the primary coil 13, the primary side resonance coil 14, the secondary side resonance coil 15 and the secondary coil 16 need not all be formed in the same diameter.
- the primary resonance coil 14 and the secondary resonance coil 15 may have the same diameter, and the primary coil 13 and the secondary coil 16 may be different from each other, or may have different diameters from the resonance coils 14 and 15.
- the electric wires constituting the coils 13, 14, 15, and 16 are not limited to insulated vinyl-coated wires, and enameled wires may be used, or resin wires may be molded after winding bare wires.
- the design method of the non-contact power transmission apparatus 10 is to set the specifications of the AC power source 11 after setting the specifications of the primary side resonance coil 14 and the secondary side resonance coil 15 that constitute the resonance system 12. This is not limited to the method of setting the impedance Z1 of the primary coil 13 so that the output impedance of the resonance system 12 matches the input impedance Zin of the resonance system 12.
- the specifications of the AC power supply 11 are set, and the specifications of the primary side resonance coil 14 and the secondary side resonance coil 15 constituting the resonance system 12 and the impedance Z1 of the primary coil 13 are set according to the specifications. May be.
- Setting the specification of the AC power supply 11 before the specification of the resonance system 12 means that when the specification of the resonance system 12 is set, the primary resonance coil 14 and the secondary resonance are set with the resonance frequency determined. Values such as the material of the electric wire constituting the coil 15, the thickness of the electric wire, the diameter of the coil, the number of turns, and the distance between the resonance coils 14 and 15 are set.
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Abstract
Description
図1に示すように、非接触電力伝送装置10は、交流電源11から供給される電力を非接触で負荷17に伝送する共鳴系12を備える。共鳴系12は、交流電源11に接続される1次コイル13と、1次側共鳴コイル14と、2次側共鳴コイル15と、2次コイル16とを有する。2次コイル16は負荷17に接続されている。交流電源11は交流電圧を1次コイル13に供給する。この交流電源11は、直流電源から入力された直流電圧を交流電圧に変換して1次コイル13に供給するものであってもよい。
次に前記非接触電力伝送装置10の設計方法を説明する。
両共鳴コイル14,15:巻数…45巻、径…直径150mm、密巻、巻線の両端を開放
1次側共鳴コイル14と2次側共鳴コイル15との間の距離:200mm
そして、負荷17として50Ωの抵抗を2次コイル16に接続して、入力電圧として交流電源11から10Vpp(振幅5V)、周波数1MHz~7MHzの正弦波交流電圧を1次コイル13に供給した。そして、1次コイル13のインピーダンスZ1及び共鳴系12の入力インピーダンスZin並びに電力伝送効率ηを測定した。また、共鳴系12の入力インピーダンスZin及び電力伝送効率ηに対する1次コイル13のインピーダンスZ1の影響を調べるため、1次コイル13以外のコイルの仕様は変更せずに、1次コイル13の巻数を1巻及び4巻に変更した共鳴系12に対しても同じ条件で同じ測定を行った。測定結果を、図2、図3及び図4のグラフに示す。図2~図4は、横軸に交流電源11の交流電圧の周波数、縦軸に入力インピーダンスZin、1次コイル13のインピーダンスZ1及び電力伝送効率ηを表している。図2~図4では電力伝送効率ηを単に効率ηとして示している。共鳴系12の入力インピーダンスZinの極大点をPmax、極小点をPminで示す。電力伝送効率ηは、1次コイル13への入力電力に対する負荷17での消費電力の割合を表し、%で示す場合は、次のようにして求められる。
図2~図4は次のことを示唆している。
6.共鳴周波数は、共鳴系12の入力インピーダンスZinに極大点Pmaxが生じるときの周波数とその周波数よりも高くかつ共鳴系12の入力インピーダンスZinに極小点Pminが生じるときの周波数との間に存在する。極大点Pmaxに対応する周波数とその周波数よりも高くかつ極小点Pminに対応する周波数との間に交流電源11の交流電圧の周波数を設定すると、電力伝送効率ηを高くすることができる。
(1)非接触電力伝送装置10は、交流電源11と、共鳴系12と、負荷17とを備えている。共鳴系12は、交流電源11に接続される1次コイル13と、1次側共鳴コイル14と、2次側共鳴コイル15と、負荷17に接続される2次コイル16とを有する。共鳴系12の入力インピーダンスZinと交流電源11の交流電圧の周波数との関係をグラフにした場合において、入力インピーダンスZinの極大点Pmaxに対応する周波数(第1周波数)と、その周波数よりも高くかつ入力インピーダンスZinの極小点Pminに対応する周波数(第2周波数)との間の範囲に、交流電源11の交流電圧の周波数を設定する。したがって、共鳴系12の入力インピーダンスZinを測定するだけで、電力伝送効率ηを高くするために設定すべき交流電源11の交流電圧の周波数の範囲を、入力インピーダンスZinが極大になる周波数とその周波数よりも高くかつ入力インピーダンスZinが極小になる周波数との間に限定できる。そのため、非接触電力伝送装置10を容易に設計することができる。
電線を巻回してコイル13,14,15,16を形成する場合、各コイル13,14,15,16の形状は円筒形状に限らない。例えば、三角筒形状、四角筒形状、六角筒形状等の多角筒形状や楕円筒形状等の単純な形状の筒形状としたり、または、対称図形ではない形状の断面を有する筒形状としたりしてもよい。
非接触電力伝送装置10の設計方法は、共鳴系12を構成する1次側共鳴コイル14及び2次側共鳴コイル15の仕様を設定した後、交流電源11の仕様を設定し、その交流電源11の出力インピーダンスと共鳴系12の入力インピーダンスZinが整合するように1次コイル13のインピーダンスZ1を設定する方法に限らない。例えば、先ず、交流電源11の仕様を設定し、その仕様に合わせて共鳴系12を構成する1次側共鳴コイル14及び2次側共鳴コイル15の仕様及び1次コイル13のインピーダンスZ1を設定してもよい。交流電源11の仕様を共鳴系12の仕様より先に設定するということは、共鳴系12の仕様を設定する際に、共鳴周波数が決められた状態で1次側共鳴コイル14及び2次側共鳴コイル15を構成する電線の材質、電線の太さ、コイルの径、巻数、両共鳴コイル14,15間の距離等の値を設定することになる。
Claims (10)
- 交流電源と、共鳴系と、負荷とを備え、前記共鳴系が、前記交流電源に接続される1次コイルと、1次側共鳴コイルと、2次側共鳴コイルと、前記負荷に接続される2次コイルとを有する非接触電力伝送装置において、
前記交流電源の交流電圧の周波数は、前記共鳴系の入力インピーダンスと前記交流電源の交流電圧の周波数との関係をグラフにした場合において、前記入力インピーダンスが極大になる第1周波数と、前記第1周波数よりも高くかつ入力インピーダンスが極小になる第2周波数との間に設定されていることを特徴とする非接触電力伝送装置。 - 前記交流電源の交流電圧の周波数は、前記第1周波数と前記第2周波数との間であって、かつ前記入力インピーダンスと前記1次コイルのインピーダンスとが等しくなる周波数に設定されている請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記1次コイル、1次側共鳴コイル、2次側共鳴コイル及び2次コイルは、同じ径に形成されている請求項1に記載の装置。
- 交流電源と、共鳴系と、負荷とを備え、前記共鳴系が、前記交流電源に接続される1次コイルと、1次側共鳴コイルと、2次側共鳴コイルと、前記負荷に接続される2次コイルとを有する非接触電力伝送装置において、
前記交流電源の交流電圧の周波数は、前記共鳴系の入力インピーダンスが前記交流電圧の周波数の増加に伴い減少する入力インピーダンス減少範囲内に設定されていることを特徴とする装置。 - 前記交流電源の交流電圧の周波数は、前記入力インピーダンス減少範囲内であって、かつ前記入力インピーダンスと前記1次コイルのインピーダンスとが等しくなる周波数に設定されている請求項4に記載の装置。
- 前記1次コイル、1次側共鳴コイル、2次側共鳴コイル及び2次コイルは、同じ径に形成されている請求項4に記載の装置。
- 交流電源と、共鳴系と、負荷とを備え、前記共鳴系が、前記交流電源に接続される1次コイルと、1次側共鳴コイルと、2次側共鳴コイルと、前記負荷に接続される2次コイルとを有する非接触電力伝送装置の設計方法において、
前記共鳴系の入力インピーダンスと前記交流電源の交流電圧の周波数との関係をグラフにした場合において、前記入力インピーダンスが極大になる第1周波数と、前記第1周波数よりも高くかつ入力インピーダンスが極小になる第2周波数との間に、前記交流電源の交流電圧の周波数を設定することを特徴とする設計方法。 - 前記交流電源の交流電圧の周波数を、前記第1周波数と前記第2周波数との間であって、かつ前記入力インピーダンスと前記1次コイルのインピーダンスとが等しくなる周波数に設定する請求項7に記載の方法。
- 交流電源と、共鳴系と、負荷とを備え、前記共鳴系が、前記交流電源に接続される1次コイルと、1次側共鳴コイルと、2次側共鳴コイルと、前記負荷に接続される2次コイルとを有する非接触電力伝送装置の設計方法において、
前記交流電源の交流電圧の周波数を、前記共鳴系の入力インピーダンスが前記交流電圧の周波数の増加に伴い減少する入力インピーダンス減少範囲内に設定することを特徴とする設計方法。 - 前記交流電源の交流電圧の周波数を、前記入力インピーダンス減少範囲内であって、かつ前記入力インピーダンスと前記1次コイルのインピーダンスとが等しくなる周波数に設定する請求項9に記載の方法。
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