WO2010048768A1 - 硝咪唑-氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂及其前体 - Google Patents

硝咪唑-氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂及其前体 Download PDF

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WO2010048768A1
WO2010048768A1 PCT/CN2009/000246 CN2009000246W WO2010048768A1 WO 2010048768 A1 WO2010048768 A1 WO 2010048768A1 CN 2009000246 W CN2009000246 W CN 2009000246W WO 2010048768 A1 WO2010048768 A1 WO 2010048768A1
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amino acid
nitroimidazole
contrast agent
compound
methyl
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PCT/CN2009/000246
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English (en)
French (fr)
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阮建评
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Ruan Jianping
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Priority to KR1020117011966A priority Critical patent/KR101389179B1/ko
Priority to EP09822961A priority patent/EP2366693A4/en
Priority to KR1020137016069A priority patent/KR101389258B1/ko
Publication of WO2010048768A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010048768A1/zh
Priority to US13/097,109 priority patent/US9028799B2/en

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K49/00Preparations for testing in vivo
    • A61K49/06Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K51/00Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
    • A61K51/02Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
    • A61K51/04Organic compounds
    • A61K51/0497Organic compounds conjugates with a carrier being an organic compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K51/00Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
    • A61K51/02Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
    • A61K51/04Organic compounds
    • A61K51/041Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K51/044Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine, rifamycins
    • A61K51/0453Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine, rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K51/00Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
    • A61K51/02Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
    • A61K51/04Organic compounds
    • A61K51/08Peptides, e.g. proteins, carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D233/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D233/66Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D233/91Nitro radicals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D233/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D233/66Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D233/91Nitro radicals
    • C07D233/92Nitro radicals attached in position 4 or 5
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D233/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D233/66Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D233/91Nitro radicals
    • C07D233/92Nitro radicals attached in position 4 or 5
    • C07D233/95Nitro radicals attached in position 4 or 5 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to other ring members
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F13/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 7 or 17 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F13/005Compounds without a metal-carbon linkage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a medical radionuclide contrast agent, in particular to a nitrazole-amino acid combination type nuclear hypoxia contrast agent and a precursor thereof.
  • Tumors have become one of the main culprits of human health.
  • the treatment of malignant tumors often requires surgery, chemical drugs or radiation therapy.
  • the treatment of malignant tumors has a great impact on the patients.
  • the normal cells have different degrees of killing, resulting in mental pain and physical decline. Therefore, it is expected that early detection and early diagnosis of tumors will result in tumor cells being killed at the time of initiation and bringing new life to patients.
  • scientists have long discovered that there are hypoxic cells in malignant tumors, and malignant tumors can be diagnosed by detecting intracellular oxygen conditions. It has been reported to be detected by an oxygen electrode assay, but this method has been limited to some problems in human cells.
  • nuclear medicine technology has been used to detect tumor hypoxic cells.
  • Nuclear medicine technology uses hypoxic contrast agents to selectively retain in hypoxic cells and detect hypoxia in cells by imaging techniques.
  • Nitrazole or a derivative thereof is used as a radiosensitizer, and its metabolism in cells depends on the amount of oxygen available in the cells, and therefore, such compounds can be labeled with radionuclides for imaging of hypoxic cells.
  • research on nuclear medicine technology has become a hot spot in radiology, and hypoxic contrast agents have also received attention.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies and to study a targeted contrast agent for designing hypoxic cells of nitrazole or its derivatives.
  • the invention provides a nitrate-nano-amino acid compound nuclides hypoxia contrast agent.
  • the contrast agent is composed of a nitrazole-amino acid and a chelated positively charged radionuclide.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a precursor of a nitrazole-amino acid compound type nuclides hypoxic contrast agent.
  • R Asp; Glu; Asn; Gin; Gly; Ser; Lys; Cys; (Cys ⁇ ; Arg.
  • the nitroimidazole moiety of this compound has hypoxia targeting by the mechanism that R-NO 2 on the imidazole molecule is converted to R-NH 2 by intracellular nitroreductase in hypoxic cells ( Figure 1 ), due to this special biochemical reaction in hypoxic cells, such contrast agents can accumulate in hypoxic cells.
  • the amino acid moiety of the contrast agent molecule of the present invention has a negatively charged free carboxylic acid (R-COCT) and an amino group (-NH 2 ), which can easily chelate a positively charged radionuclide to make such a contrast agent. It is radioactive and obtains hypoxic lesions and tumor images by tracking radionuclides.
  • the contrast agent of the invention has dual targeted contrast effects on tumors: 1.
  • the rapid growth of tumor cells leads to a lack of blood supply and oxygen fraction in the medulla of the tumor, formation of hypoxic and necrotic tissue, due to the presence of hypoxic tissue in the tumor, Therefore, the contrast agent of the present invention can be used for tumor imaging; 2.
  • Normal cells can synthesize the asparagine necessary for growth by themselves, the tumor cells cannot synthesize themselves, and must rely on the host supply, and the contrast agent molecule of the present invention contains asparagine. Therefore, it can also be used for tumor imaging.
  • the contrast agent of the present invention is a novel hypoxic target targeted contrast agent.
  • the contrast agent can chelate the commonly used radionuclides such as strontium ( 99m Tc), indium ( 113m In), etc., and can be implanted in vivo to enable the radionuclide to be accumulated in the hypoxic (Hypoxia) lesion.
  • Tissues and cells, SPECT (ECT) or gamma-ray cameras can be used to track hypoxic lesions, and computerized data can be used to obtain clear images of hypoxic lesions, allowing doctors to accurately diagnose the site of hypoxic lesions. Size and extent.
  • the hypoxic lesion refers to a lesion of local tissue and cell necrosis (such as cerebral thrombosis, tumor and other thrombosis, etc.) which is lack of blood supply and oxygen in the local tissue of the human body.
  • nitroimidazole derivative described in the contrast agent precursor of the present invention has the following formula (Formula 2):
  • R 2 H; CH 3 ; CH 2 -CH 3 ; CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; NH 2 ;
  • Nitroimidazole derivatives The amino acids described in the contrast agent of the present invention are aspartic acid (Asp), glutamic acid (Glu), asparagine (Asparagine, Asn), glutamine. Glutamine (Gln), glycine (Glycine, Gly), serine (Serine, Ser), lysine (Lysine, Lys), cysteine (Cysteine, Cys), cystine (Cystine, (Cys) 2 Or arginine (Arginine, Arg), the above 10 amino acids D or L type can be.
  • the amino acid to which the nitroimidazole or a derivative thereof is linked to the nitroimidazole or the nitroimidazole derivative in the contrast agent of the present invention may be 1 to 15 amino acids, and the amino acids may be connected in series (Formula 3) or in parallel (Formula 4). It may also be a series and parallel coexistence linkage (formula 5), and the linked amino acids may be a single amino acid arrangement (formula 6), a cross amino acid arrangement (formula 7), or a random amino acid arrangement (formula 8).
  • aspartic acid and glutamic acid are both dicarboxylic acid amino acids, linked to nitroimidazole or nitroimidazole derivatives or linked to another amino acid, they may be linked to an alpha carboxylic acid or to a gamma carboxylic acid ( Equation 9).
  • Dicarboxylic acid amino acid Contrast agent in the present invention the radionuclide: technetium (99m Tc), indium (113m In, m In), iodine (1311), phosphorus (32 P), mercury (2 .1Hg), gallium (67 Ga , 68 Ga), ⁇ ( 85 Sr), chromium ( 51 Cr), ⁇ ( 133 Xe), ⁇ ( 2 ( ) 1 T1 ), ⁇ ( 81m Kr ), ⁇ ( 86 Rb ) or copper ( ⁇ Cu
  • the contrast agent of the present invention may be a single intramolecular chelate radionuclide (Formula 10) or a bimolecular chelate radionuclide (Formula 11).
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a nitrazole-amino acid-type nuclides hypoxic contrast agent precursor.
  • the contrast agent of the present invention is an amino group (-NH 2 ) on the molecule of 1-(2-aminoethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole and an alpha carboxylic acid (-COOH) on the L-aspartate molecule.
  • 2-(Isobutylamino)-4-phenyl-L-aspartate (3-30 mmol) was dissolved in 50-500 ml of anhydrous dichloromethane solution, and triethylamine (3-30 mmol) was added in that order.
  • 1-(2-Ethylamino)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (3-30 mmol) and diacetyl cyanide (3-30 mmol) were stirred at room temperature. 50-500ml of dichloromethane was added to the reaction solution, the reaction solution was washed with 100-120ml of water, dried over anhydrous MgS0 4.
  • the chemical reaction step of the method of the invention is simple, and the final reaction product (aspartic acid-metimidazole) (Fig. 2, 3, 4) has a high yield, and the purification method is simple, and the crude product (aspartic acid-methylnitrite) The purity can reach 95%, and the radio purity after chelation of the radionuclide is high (Fig. 5).
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an application of a nitrazole-amino acid complex type nuclides hypoxic contrast agent in the preparation of an image contrast agent.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a nitrazole-amino acid compound type nuclides hypoxic contrast agent for use in diagnosing a malignant tumor, post-surgical evaluation of a tumor, post-tumor evaluation, or brain scan to assess a thrombus-induced cerebral hypoxic lesion. use.
  • Cerebral thrombosis It is caused by cerebral thrombosis, which causes hypoxia and necrosis of brain cells, and finally causes stroke to be a common disease in middle-aged people.
  • Clinically its early diagnosis, timely detection of lesions for treatment, "window period" is crucial for the patient's prognosis.
  • CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are difficult to diagnose early on cerebral thrombosis and cerebral hemorrhage, and the clinical treatment of these two brain lesions is different.
  • the contrast agent of the present invention is a functional molecular imaging contrast agent, so the contrast agent can distinguish the above two brain lesions at an early stage.
  • the contrast agent of the present invention can also use images to track the recovery state after cerebral thrombosis treatment.
  • tumor The rapid growth of tumor cells leads to a lack of blood supply and oxygen in the medulla of the tumor, forming hypoxic and necrotic tissue.
  • This type of contrast agent also has a good special imaging effect on tumors, and has a highly sensitive imaging of tumors (can show tumors >1.5).
  • 3D tumor images can be obtained by SPECT (ECT), which facilitates the early diagnosis of the location, size and extent of the tumor.
  • the contrast agent of the present invention can also periodically image the tumor, and use images to track and judge the therapeutic effect of the tumor and the extent to which the tumor is resistant to the treatment.
  • the nitrazole-amino acid complex type nuclide hypoxia contrast agent of the present invention can be used for imaging contrast agents such as cerebral thrombosis, tumor or other hypoxic lesions such as ulcers and thrombus plugs.
  • the contrast agent of the invention has dual targeted contrast effects on tumors: 1.
  • the rapid growth of tumor cells leads to a lack of blood supply and oxygen fraction in the medulla of the tumor, formation of hypoxic and necrotic tissue, due to the presence of hypoxic tissue in the tumor,
  • the contrast agent of the invention can be used for tumor imaging; 2.
  • the normal cells can synthesize the asparagine necessary for growth by themselves, the tumor cells cannot synthesize themselves, and must rely on the host supply, and the contrast agent molecule of the invention contains asparagine, and can also Used for tumor targeting tracking.
  • the contrast agent of the present invention is a novel hypoxic lesion targeted tracking contrast agent.
  • the contrast agent can chelate the clinically applied radionuclide
  • hypoxic lesions eg: m ( 99m Tc), indium ( 113m In), etc.
  • injected in vivo can target radionuclides to tissues and cells accumulating in hypoxic (Hyppxia) lesions, by SPECT (ECT) or ⁇ -ray
  • ECT SPECT
  • ⁇ -ray The camera can track hypoxic lesions and obtain clear images of hypoxic lesions by computer data processing, so that doctors can accurately diagnose the location, size and extent of hypoxic lesions.
  • Medical hypoxic lesions refer to lesions in the body's local tissues that lack blood supply and oxygen, leading to local tissue and cell necrosis (eg, cerebral thrombosis, tumors, and other thrombosis).
  • the nuclides hypoxic contrast agent of the present invention can be used for diagnosing malignant tumors, post-operative evaluation of tumors, post-treatment of tumors, and brain scans (evaluation of cerebral hypoxic lesions caused by thrombosis).
  • the preparation method has the advantages of simple preparation process, convenient use and large clinical application value.
  • R-N0 spent on intracellular imidazole nitrate oxygen molecule is converted to 2
  • R-NH 2 is a schematic view of
  • Figure 13 Image of rat (breast cancer on the leg) after intravenous injection of radionuclide contrast agent on ⁇ -illuminator
  • the chemical reaction step (Formula 13) is simple, and the final reaction product (MNA) (Figs. 2, 3, 4) has a high yield (73%), the purification method is simple, and the purity of the crude product (aspartic acid-methylimidazole) It can reach 95%, and the radioactivity after chelation of radionuclides is high (Fig. 5).
  • the contrast agent is derived from an amino group (-NH 2 ) on the molecule of 1-(2-aminoethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole and an alpha carboxylic acid (-COOH) on the L-aspartic acid molecule.
  • amide an amide
  • -COOH another carboxylic acid
  • - ⁇ 2 another amino group on the L-aspartate molecule
  • the 3 ⁇ 40 molecule was removed to form a second amide (-CONH-).
  • the chemical reaction step (reaction formula 2), the final product yield (Fig. 6, 7, 8) yield (75%), the purification method is simple, the purity of the crude product (aspartic acid-aspartic acid-methylimidazole) Can reach >90%.
  • the contrast agent is obtained by removing an amino group (-NH 2 ) from the molecule of 1-(2-aminoethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole and an alpha carboxylic acid (-COOH) on the L-glutamic acid molecule. after ⁇ 2 0 molecules to form an amide (-CONH-), the other carboxylic acid (-COOH) in the molecule and then L- glutamic acid and aspartic acid L- amino group on another molecule (- ⁇ 2) removed ⁇ 20 molecules form a second amide (-CONH -).
  • the contrast agent molecule has two L-glutamic acid and L-aspartic acid (Formula 14) linked in series.
  • the chemical reaction step (reaction formula 3), the final product yield (Fig. 9, 10, 11) yield (62%), the purification method is simple, the purity of the crude product (aspartic acid-glutamic acid-methylimidazole) can be Reached >90%.

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Description

技术领域:
本发明涉及医用核素造影剂, 具体涉及硝咪唑-氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂 及其前体。 背景技术:
肿瘤已成为危害人体健康的主要元凶之一, 恶性肿瘤的治疗常需手术, 化学药 物或放射治疗等方式。 而对恶性肿瘤的治疗, 使病人受到的影响很大, 在治疗过程 中, 不仅要杀灭肿瘤细胞, 还会对正常细胞有不同程度的杀伤, 导致患者精神痛苦 和体力下降等后果。 因此, 人们期望能早期发现和早期诊断肿瘤, 致使肿瘤细胞.在 萌生之时即被杀灭, 给患者带来新生。 科学家们早就研究发现恶性肿瘤存在乏氧细 胞, 可以通过检测细胞内的氧状况来诊断恶性肿瘤。 曾有报道用氧电极测定法进行 检测, 但该方法要用于人体细胞还存在一些问题, 因而受到了限制。 近些年来, 核 医学技术已用于肿瘤乏氧细胞的检测, 核医学技术是利用乏氧造影剂, 使其能选择 性地滞留在乏氧细胞中, 通过显像技术探测细胞的乏氧情况, 从而发现和诊断恶性 肿瘤。 硝咪唑或其衍生物作为放射增敏剂, 其在细胞内的代谢取决于细胞中可利用 的氧量, 因此, 可用放射性核素来标记该类化合物, 用于乏氧细胞的显像。 目前有 关核医学技术的研究已成为放射医学的热点, 而乏氧造影剂同样受到关注。 例如
18FMISO、 99mTc-HL91 等是较多用于临床显像研究的乏氧造影剂, 但是, 它们存在 肿瘤绝对摄取值不高或显像时间间隔较长, 18F价格昂贵等缺陷。 因此, 寻找有效 的肿瘤造影剂是研究的方向。 发明内容:
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服上述不足之处, 研究设计硝咪唑或其衍生 物乏氧细胞的靶向造影剂。
本发明提供了一种硝咪挫一氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂。
该造影剂的构成为:硝咪唑一氨基酸和螯合带正电荷的放射性核素。
本发明另一目的是提供了硝咪唑-氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂的前体 (式
1 ) , 它由 1-(2-氨乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑或其衍生物与氨基酸经化合键连接构成:
Figure imgf000004_0001
R= Asp; Glu; Asn; Gin; Gly; Ser; Lys; Cys; (Cys^; Arg.
式 1· 以该化合物作为配体, 与核素形成配合物可以得到核素乏氧造影剂。
该化合物中的硝咪唑部分具有乏氧靶向作用, 其机理是硝咪唑分子上的 R- N02在乏氧细胞内被细胞内硝基还原酶 (nitroreductase)转变成 R-NH2 (图 1), 由于 乏氧细胞内这种特殊的生化反应, 使此类造影剂能蓄积于乏氧细胞内。 本发明中造 影剂分子中的氨基酸部分, 有带负电荷的游离羧酸 (R-COCT)和氨基 (-NH2), 能容 易地螯合带正电荷的放射性核素, 使此类造影剂具有放射性, 并通过追踪放射性核 素, 获得乏氧病灶及肿瘤影像。
本发明的造影剂对肿瘤具有双重靶向造影作用: 1.肿瘤细胞的迅速增长, 导致 肿瘤髓质部分缺乏血供及氧分, 形成乏氧和坏死组织, 由于肿瘤中乏氧组织的存 在, 因此, 本发明造影剂可以用于肿瘤造影; 2.正常细胞能够自己合成对生长必要 的天冬酰胺, 肿瘤细胞自己不能合成, 必须依赖宿主供给, 而本发明造影剂分子中 含有天冬酰胺, 所以, 也可以用于肿瘤造影。 本发明的造影剂是新的乏氧病灶靶向造影剂。 该类造影剂能螯合临床上普遍应 用的放射性核素如锝 (99mTc)、 铟 (113mIn)等, 经体内注射, 能使放射性核素靶向地蓄 积于乏氧 (Hypoxia)病灶的组织和细胞, 通¾ SPECT (ECT)或 γ-照像机可以追踪到 乏氧病灶,并经计算机数据处理可得到清晰的乏氧病灶影像, 从而让医生能准确诊 断出乏氧病灶的部位、 大小及程度。 在医学上, 所述乏氧病灶是指人体局部组织缺 乏血供和氧分, 导致局部组织、 细胞坏死的病灶(如脑血栓、 肿瘤及其它血栓等)。
本发明造影剂前体所述的硝咪唑衍生物如下式结构 (式 2) :
R,= NH2; OH; COOH; SH; F; CI; Br; I.
R2= H; CH3; CH2-CH3; CH(CH3)2; NH2;
F; CI; Br; I; SCH3; S02CH3.
Figure imgf000005_0001
式 2.硝咪唑衍生物 本发明的造影剂中所述的氨基酸为天冬氨酸 (Aspartic acid , Asp) , 谷氨酸 (Glutamic acid, Glu)、 天冬酰胺 (Asparagine, Asn)、 谷氨酰胺 (Glutamine, Gln)、 甘氨酸 (Glycine , Gly)、 丝氨酸 (Serine , Ser)、 赖氨酸 (Lysine , Lys)、 半胱氨酸 (Cysteine, Cys)、 胱氨酸 (Cystine, (Cys)2 )或精氨酸 (Arginine, Arg), 以上 10种氨 基酸 D或 L型均可。
本发明造影剂中所述硝咪唑或其衍生物与硝咪唑、 或硝咪唑衍生物相连接的氨 基酸可以是 1〜15个氨基酸, 氨基酸可以是串联连接 (式 3)或并联连接 (式 4), 也可 以是串联和并联共存式连接 (式 5), 连接的氨基酸可以是单一氨基酸排列 (式 6) 、 交叉氨基酸排列 (式 7) ,或随机氨基酸排列 (式 8) 。 由于天冬氨酸和谷氨酸均为双羧酸氨基酸, 与硝咪唑或硝咪唑衍生物相连接或 与另一个氨基酸相连接, 可以与 α羧酸连接, 也可以与 、 γ羧酸连接 (式 9) 。
Figure imgf000006_0001
式 3.氨基酸 (2-15个) 串联连接示意
Figure imgf000006_0002
式 4.氨基酸 (2-15个)并联连接示意
Figure imgf000006_0003
式 5.氨基酸 (2-15个) 串联和并联共存式连接示意 'Asp、 一 Asp.、 μ Asp
'ΝΗ' "Asp* 、AΔsp , Asp 、 Asp 、 Asp Asp
Asp Asp Asp 式 6.单一氨基酸(例如: 天冬氨酸 Aspartic acid)排列连接示意
Figure imgf000007_0001
.两^氨基酸(例如: 谷氨酸 Glutamic acid和天冬氨酸 Aspartic acid)交叉排列连接 示意
Figure imgf000007_0002
式 8.多种氨基酸随机排列连接示意
Figure imgf000007_0003
谷氨酸 (Glutamic acid) 天冬氨酸 (Aspartic acid)
式 9.双羧酸氨基酸 本发明造影剂中所述放射性核素为: 锝 (99mTc)、 铟 (113mIn、 mIn)、 碘 (1311)、 磷 (32P)、 汞 (2。1Hg)、 镓 (67Ga、 68Ga)、 锶 (85Sr)、 铬 (51Cr)、 氙 (133Xe)、 铊 (2()1T1)、 氪 (81mKr)、 铷 (86Rb)或铜 (^Cu
本发明造影剂可以是单一分子内螯合放射性核素 (式 10) ,也可以是双分子间 螯合放射性核素 (式 11)。
Figure imgf000008_0001
式 10.分子内螯合放射性核素锝 ('
Figure imgf000008_0002
式 11.双分子间螯合放射性核素锝 (' 本发明的又一目的是提供了硝咪唑-氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂前体的制备 方法。 本发明造影剂是由 1-(2-氨乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑分子上的氨基 (-NH2)与 L-天冬 氨酸分子上 α羧酸 (-COOH)脱去 ¾0分子, 形成酰胺 (-CONH-)而得到的小分子有 机化合物( 1 -(2-L-天冬酰胺酰乙基) -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑 )(FW=285) (式 12)。
Figure imgf000009_0001
C10H15N5O5; FW= 285.259
天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑
式 12. l-(2-L-天冬酰胺酰乙基) -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑(天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑)
反应式一.
Figure imgf000009_0002
化合物 3 (天冬氨酸 -甲硝咪唑) a.化合物 1. (l-[2-(2- (异丁氨基) -4-苯基 -L-天冬氨酸酯)酰胺酰乙基】 -2-甲基 -5-硝咪 唑)的合成:
2- (异丁氨基) -4-苯基 -L-天冬氨酸酯 (3-30mmol)溶于 50-500ml无水二氯甲垸溶 液中, 依次加入三乙胺 (3-30mmol), 1-(2-乙氨基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝基咪唑 (3-30mmol)和 磷酸二乙氰 (3-30mmol), 在室温下, 搅拌。 加入 50-500ml二氯甲垸到反应液中, 反 应液用 100-120ml水洗涤, 用无水 MgS04干燥。 最后的产物通过硅胶柱分离, 流 动相二氯甲烷和已醇,体积比为 4:1,得到化合物 1. (1-[2-(2- (异丁氨基) -4-苯基 -L- 天冬氨酸酯)酰胺酰乙基] -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑)。 b.化合物 2. (1-[2-(2- (异丁氨基) -L-天冬氨酸)酰胺酰乙基 1-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑)的合成: 溶解化合物 l.(l-30mmol)在 10-300ml无水二氯甲烷中, 依次加入三乙胺 (5-30 mmol),和磷酸二乙氰 (l-30mmol),然后在室温下搅拌 12-18小时。 加入 50-500ml二 氯甲垸到反应液中, 反应液用 100ml水洗涤, 用无水 MgS04干燥。 最后的产物通 过硅胶柱分离 (流动相为二氯甲烷和已醇,体积比为 4:1),得到化合物 2.(1-[2-(2- (异 丁氨基) -L-天冬氨酸)酰胺酰乙基] -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑)。
C.化合物 3. (l-(2-L-天冬酰胺酰乙基) -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑)的合成: 溶解化合物 2(l-30mmol)在 l-300ml的三氟乙酸中, 在室温下搅拌 20-30分 钟。 除去过量的三氟乙酸, 并加入少量 (5-10ml)的己垸, 除去微量的三氟乙酸, 产 物被溶解在水 (10-300ml) 中, 然后调节 pH到 9, 分离出的产物在水和乙醇 (1:1) 中重结晶得到化合物 3.(l-(2-L-天冬酰胺酰乙基) -2-甲基 -5-硝咪 )。
本发明方法的化学反应步骤简单, 反应终产物 (天冬氨酸 -甲硝咪唑) (图 2、 3、 4)得率较高, 纯化方法简便, 粗制品 (天冬氨酸-甲硝咪 纯度可达到 95%,螯合放 射性核素后的放射纯度高 (图 5)。 本发明再有一个目的是提供了硝咪唑 -氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂在制备影 象造影剂中的应用。
本发明还有一个目的是提供了硝咪唑 -氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂在用于诊 断恶性肿瘤、 肿瘤手术后评估、 肿瘤治疗后评估或脑扫描评估血栓引起的脑乏氧 病灶中的用途。
例如: (1 ) 脑血栓 它由脑血栓引起脑细胞缺氧及坏死, 最后导致中风是中年 以上人群的常见病。 临床上它的早期诊断,及时发现病变争取得到治疗 "窗口期" 对患者的预后是至关重要的。 临床上 CT和核磁共振 (MRI)对脑血栓和脑溢血的早 期诊断是很困难的, 并且这两种脑病变的临床治疗方法是不同的。 本发明造影剂 为功能性分子影像造影剂, 故造影剂可以早期区别以上两种脑病变。 本发明造影剂 还可以用影像来追踪脑血栓治疗后的恢复状态。
(2) 肿瘤 肿瘤细胞的迅速增长, 导致肿瘤髓质部分缺乏血供及氧分, 形成乏 氧和坏死组织。 本类造影剂对肿瘤也有很好的特殊显像作用,并对肿瘤有高灵敏度 的显像 (可显示>1.5 的肿瘤)。 通过 SPECT(ECT)可以得到 3D肿瘤影像, 这便于 早期诊断出肿瘤的部位、 大小和程度。 同时,本发明造影剂还可以定期对肿瘤造 影, 用影像来追踪和评判肿瘤治疗效果, 及肿瘤对治疗产生耐受性的程度。
本发明的硝咪唑 -氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂可用于脑血栓、 肿瘤或其它乏 氧病灶如溃疡、 血栓塞等影像造影剂。
本发明的造影剂对肿瘤具有双重靶向造影作用: 1.肿瘤细胞的迅速增长, 导致 肿瘤髓质部分缺乏血供及氧分, 形成乏氧和坏死组织, 由于肿瘤中乏氧组织的存在, 本发明造影剂可以用于肿瘤造影; 2. 正常细胞能够自己合成对生长必要的天冬酰 胺, 肿瘤细胞不能自己合成, 必须依赖宿主供给, 而本发明造影剂分子中含有天冬 酰胺, 也可以用于肿瘤靶向追踪。 本发明的造影剂是新的乏氧病灶靶向追踪造影剂。 本发明的硝咪唑-氨基酸化 合型核素乏氧造影剂在临床应用时, 该类造影剂能螯合临床上应用的放射性核素
(如: 锝 (99mTc)、 铟 (113mIn)等), 经体内注射, 能使放射性核素靶向蓄积于乏氧 (Hyppxia)病灶的组织和细胞, 通过 SPECT(ECT)或 γ-照像机可以追踪到乏氧病灶, 并经计算机数据处理可得到清晰的乏氧病灶影像, 从而让医生能准确诊断出乏氧病 灶的部位、 大小及程度。 在医学上乏氧病灶是指人体局部组织缺乏血供和氧分, 导 致局部组织、 细胞坏死的病灶(如: 脑血栓、 肿瘤及其它血栓等)。 ,
因此, 本发明核素乏氧造影剂能用于诊断恶性肿瘤、 肿瘤手术后评估、 肿瘤 治疗后评估和脑扫描 (评估血栓引起的脑乏氧病灶)等。
本发明制备工艺简单、 使用方便, 有较大的临床应用价值。 附图说明
图 1 在乏氧细胞内硝咪唑分子上的 R-N02被转变成 R-NH2的示意图
图 2 应终产物天冬氨酸 -甲硝咪唑的 1H-NMR图谱
图 3 反应终产物天冬氨酸 -甲硝咪唑的 13C-NMR图谱
图 4反应终产物天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑的质谱 (MS)
图 5 99mTc-天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑的放射 TLC扫描图
图 6 反应终产物天冬氨酸-天冬氨酸 -甲硝咪唑的 1H-NMR图谱
图 7 反应终产物天冬氨酸-天冬氨酸 -甲硝咪唑的 13C-NMR图谱
图 8 反应终产物天冬氨酸-天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑的质谱 (MS)
图 9 反应终产物天冬氨酸-谷氨酸 -甲硝咪唑的 1H-NMR图谱
图 10 反应终产物天冬氨酸-谷氨酸 -甲硝咪唑的 13C-NMR图谱
图 11 反应终产物天冬氨酸 -谷氨酸-甲硝咪唑的质谱 (MS)
图 12静脉注射核素造影剂后大鼠 (腿上生乳腺癌) 在 γ-照机上的影像 "■"Tc-L-天冬氨酸 (T/M=l.l) 99mTc-天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑 (T/M=4.3)
99mTc-L-天冬氨酸(T/M=2.5) ""Tc-天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑 (T M=3.7)
图 13 静脉注射核素造影剂后大鼠 (腿上生乳腺癌) 在 γ-照机上的影像
99mTc-L-天冬氨酸 (T/M=2.2) 99mTc-天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑 (Τ/Μ=4.3)
99mTc-L-天冬氨酸 (T/M=1.5) 99mTc-天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑 (Τ/Μ=4.1)
具体实施方式
实施例 1
本造影剂是由 1-(2-氨乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑分子上的氨基 (-ΝΗ2)与 L-天冬氨酸 分子上 α羧酸 (-COOH)脱去 Η20分子, 形成酰胺 (-CONH-)而得到小分子有机化合 物 (FW=285) (式 12)。 其化学反应步骤 (式 13)简单, 反应终产物 (MNA) (图 2、 3、 4) 得率较高 (73%), 纯化方法简便, 粗制品(天冬氨酸 -甲硝咪唑)纯度可达到 95%,螯 合放射性核素后的放射纯度高 (图 5)。
Figure imgf000013_0001
C10H15N5O5; FW= 285.259
天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑
式 12. l-(2-L-天冬酰胺酰乙基) -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑(天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑) 反应式一.
Figure imgf000014_0001
Figure imgf000014_0002
化合物 3 (天冬氨酸 -甲硝咪唑)
a.化合物 1. (1-〖2-(2- (异丁氨基) -4-苯基 -L-天冬氨酸酯)酰胺酰乙基 1-2-甲基 -5-硝咪 唑)的合成:
在 100 ml的 2- (异丁氨基) -4-苯基 -L-天冬氨酸酯 (3.2g, lO.Ommol)的无水二氯 甲垸溶液中依次加入 4.2ml三乙胺 (30.0mmol), 1-(2-乙氨基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝基咪唑 (2.6g, lO.Ommol)和 1.7毫升磷酸二乙氰 (lO.Ommol),然后在室温下, 搅拌 2小时.加 入 100ml二氯甲烷到反应液中, 然后溶液被水洗涤二次 (每次 50-60ml) ,用无 MgS04干燥。 最后的产物通过硅胶柱分离 (流动相二氯甲烷和己醇,体积比为 4:1 ) 得到 3.7 g化合物 1. (产率为: 80.6%)。
b.化合物 2. (1-[2-(2- (异丁氨基) -L-天冬氨酸)酰胺酰乙基] -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑)的合成:
2.0g (4.4mmol)化合物 1溶解在 30ml的无水二氯甲烷中, 依次加入 1.8ml三 乙胺 (13.2mmol),和 0.7ml磷酸二乙氰 (4.4mmol),然后在室温下搅拌 12-18小时。 加 入 100ml二氯甲垸到反应液中, 然后溶液被水洗涤二次 (每次 50ml ) ,用无水 MgS04干燥。 最后的产物通过硅胶柱分离 (流动相为二氯甲烷和已醇,体积比为 4:1 )得到 1.5 g化合物 2. (产率为: 93.5%)。
C.化合物 3. (l-(2-L-天冬酰胺酰乙基) -2-甲基 -5-硝咪挫)的合成: 化合物 2(1.7g, 5.0mmol)被溶解在 4.0ml的三氟乙酸中, 然后在室温下搅拌 20 -30分钟。 除去过量的三氟乙酸, 并加入少量的己垸 (二次, 每次 5-10ml) 除去微 量的三氟乙酸。.产物被溶解在水(50ml) 中, 然后调节 pH到 9。 分离出的产物在 30ml水和乙醇 (1:1 ) 中重结晶得到 1.3g化合物 3. (产率为: 91.5%)。 丁实施例 2
本造影剂是由 1-(2-氨乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑分子上的氨基 (-NH2)与 L-天冬氨酸 分子上 α羧酸 (-COOH)脱去 Η20分子形成酰胺 (-CONH-)后, L-天冬氨酸分子上的 另一个羧酸 (-COOH)再与另一个 L-天冬氨酸分子上的氨基 (-ΝΗ2)脱去 ¾0分子形 成第二个酰胺 (-CONH -)。 本造影剂分子中具有两个串联连接的 L-天冬氨酸(式 13)。 其化学反应步骤 (反应式二), 反应终产物 (图 6、 7、 8)得率 (75%), 纯化方法 简便, 粗制品(天冬氨酸-天冬氨酸 -甲硝咪唑)纯度可达到 >90%。
Figure imgf000015_0001
C14H20N6O8; FW= 400.35 天冬氨酸-天冬氨酸-甲硝咪唑 式 13. l-(2-a-L-天冬酰胺(P -L-天冬酰胺)酰乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑(天冬氨酸 -天冬 氨酸 -甲硝咪唑) 反应式二.
Figure imgf000016_0001
化合物 5. (天冬氨酸-天冬氨酸 -甲硝咪唑) d.化合物 4的合成:
0.4g ( l.Ommol)化合物 2溶解在 10ml的无水二氯甲烷中, 依次加入 0.7ml三 乙胺(5.0mmol), 0.3g盐酸二特丁基 -L-天冬氨酸酯 (l.Ommol)和 0.2ml磷酸二乙氰 (l.Ommol),然后在室温下搅拌 12小时。 加入 20ml二氯甲垸到反应液中, 然后溶液 被水洗涤二次(每次 20-30ml) , 有机溶液被无水 MgS04干燥。 最后的产物通过 硅胶柱分离 (流动相为二氯甲垸和乙醇,体积比为 95:5 )得到 0.48g化合物 4 (产率 为 79.2%)。
e.化合物 5. (l-(2-a-L-天冬酰胺 ( β -L-天冬酰胺)酰乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑)的合成:
1.5 g (2.5mmol)化合物 4溶解在 '40ml的 NaOH/乙醇 (20 ml, 1.0M NaOH和 20 ml的乙醇)溶液中, 在室温下搅拌 12小时。 白色固体被过滤, 并在 30ml水和乙醇 (1:1)中重结晶得 0.85g化合物 5. (l-(2-a-L-天冬酰胺(β -L-天冬酰胺)酰乙基 )-2-甲基- 5-硝咪唑 )(产率为 85.2%)。 实施例 3
本造影剂是由 1-(2-氨乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑分子上的氨基 (-NH2)与 L-谷氨酸分 子上 α羧酸 (-COOH)脱去 Η20分子形成酰胺 (-CONH-)后, L-谷氨酸分子上的另一 个羧酸 (-COOH)再与另一个 L-天冬氨酸分子上的氨基 (-ΝΗ2)脱去 Η20分子形成第 二个酰胺 (-CONH -)。 本造影剂分子中具有两个串联连接的 L-谷氨酸和 L-天冬氨酸 (式 14)。 其化学反应步骤 (反应式三), 反应终产物 (图 9、 10、 11)得率 (62%), 纯化 方法简便, 粗制品 (天冬氨酸-谷氨酸 -甲硝咪唑)纯度可达到 >90%。
Figure imgf000017_0001
C15H22N608; FW= 414.37 天冬氨酸 -谷氨酸-甲硝咪唑 式 14. l-(2-a-L-谷氨酰胺 ( β -L-天冬酰胺)酰乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑(天冬氨酸 -谷氨 酸 -甲硝咪唑)
反应式三.
Figure imgf000018_0001
化合物 4.(天冬氨酸-谷氨酸-甲硝咪 )
a.化合物 1.的合成:
在 50 ml的 2-异丁氨基 -5-特丁基- L-谷氨酸酯 (3.0g, lO.Ommol)的无水二氯甲垸 溶液中依次加入 4.2ml三乙胺 GO.Ommol), 1-(2-乙氨基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝基咪唑 (2.6g, lO.Ommol)和 1.7ml磷酸二乙氰 (lO.Ommol), 在室温下搅拌 3小时。 加入 100ml二氯 甲烷到反应液中, 然后溶液被水洗涤二次 (每次 50-60ml ) , 用无水 MgS04干 燥。 最后的产物通过硅胶柱分离 (流动相为二氯甲垸和乙醇,体积比为 4:1 ) 得到 4.0 g化合物 1. (产率为 88%)。
b.化合物 2.的合成: 2.3 g (5.0mmol) 化合物 1溶解在 40ml的 NaOH/乙醇 (20 ml, 1.0M NaOH和 20 ml的乙醇)溶液中, 然后在室温下搅^ 12小时。 溶液被蒸干, 白色产物通过硅胶 柱分离(流动相为已醇和水,体积比为 3:7)得到 1.8 g化合物 2. (产率为 91%)。 c.化合物 3.的合成:
0.4g ( l.Ommol)化合物 2溶解在 10ml的无水二氯甲垸中, 依次加入 0.7ml三 乙胺(5.0mmol), 0.28g盐酸二特丁基 -L-天冬氨酸酯 (l.Ommol) 和 0.16ml磷酸二 乙氰(l.Ommol),在室温下搅拌 3小时。 加入 20毫升二氯甲垸到反应液中, 然后溶 液被水洗涤二次 (每次 20-30ml) , 有机溶液被无水 MgS04干燥。 最后的产物通 过硅胶柱分离 (流动相为二氯甲垸和乙醇,体积比为 95:5) 得到 0.46 g化合物 3. (产 率为 74%)。
d.化合物 4 .( l-(2-a-L-谷氨酰胺 ( β -L-天冬酰胺)酰乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑)的合成: 在 0 °C,化合物 3 (3.1g, 5.0mmol)被溶解在 4.0ml的三氟乙酸中, 然后在室温 下搅拌 20分钟。 除去过量的三氟乙酸, 并加入少量的己垸(二次, 每次 5-10ml) 除去微量的三氟乙酸。 产物被溶解在 5ml水中, 用氢氧化钠 (10%) 调节 pH到 8- 9, 然后加入 20ml乙醇。 过滤出的产物在 30ml水和乙醇 (1 :1)中重结晶得到 1.4g化 合物 4.( l-(2-a-L-谷氨酰胺( e -L-天冬酰胺)酰乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑 )(70%)。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种硝咪唑 -氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂, 其特征在于该造影剂的构成 为: 硝咪唑一氨基酸和螯合带正电荷的放射性核素。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述硝咪唑 -氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂, 其特征在于所 述核素为放射性核素: 锝 99m、 铟 113m、 铟 111 1"、 碘 131、 磷 32、 汞 2Q3、 镓 67ό8、 锶 85、 铬 51、 氙 133、 铊 2Q1、 氪 81m、 铷 86或铜 62
3、 根据权利要求 1所述硝咪唑 -氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂, 其特征在于它 们为单一分子内螯合放射性核素 式 10或双分子间螯合放射性核素式 11
Figure imgf000020_0001
4、 一种如权利要求 1所述硝咪唑 -氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂的前体, 其特 征在于它由 1-(2-氨乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑或其衍生物与氨基酸连接构成, 式 1. :
Figure imgf000021_0001
式 1.
其中 R为天冬氨酸、 谷氨酸、 天冬酰胺、 谷氨酰胺、 甘氨酸、 丝氨酸、 赖氨 酸、 半胱氨酸、 胱氨酸或精氨酸, 它们为 D或 L型。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述硝咪唑- '氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂的前体, 其特征 在于所述硝咪唑或其衍生物如下式结构, 式 2: NH2; OH; COOH; SH; F; CI; Br; I.
H; CH3; CH2-CH3; CH(CH3)2; NH:
F; CI; Br; I; SCH3; S02CH3.
Figure imgf000021_0002
式 2 。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述硝咪唑 -氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂的前体, 其特征 在于所述与硝咪唑、 或硝咪唑衍生物相连接的氨基酸为 1〜15个氨基酸; 连接方式 为串联连接式 3、 并联连接式 4或串联和并联共存式连接式 5; 所述连接的氨基 酸为单一氨基酸排列式 6、 交叉氨基酸排列式 Ί或随机氨基酸排列式 8:
Figure imgf000021_0003
式 3
Figure imgf000022_0001
89 8讓 ΪΟΖ OAV
Figure imgf000023_0001
式 8
7、 根据权利要求 4所述硝咪唑 -氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂的前体, 其特征 在于所述氨基酸为天冬氨酸或谷氨酸时, 氨基酸与硝咪唑或硝咪唑衍生物相连接或 与另一个氨基酸相连接的方式为与 α羧酸连接或与 3、 γ羧酸连接式 9
Figure imgf000023_0002
谷氨酸 天冬氨酸
式 9
8、 一种如权利要求 4所述硝咪唑-氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂的前体的制备 方法, 其特征在于该方法为: 由 1-(2-氨乙基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑分子上的氨基 (-ΝΗ2)与 L-天冬氨酸分子上 α羧 酸 (-COOH)脱去 ¾0分子, 形成酰胺 (-CONH-)而得到小分子有机化合物 (1-(2- L-天冬酰胺酰乙基) -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑): 反应式一
Figure imgf000024_0001
TEA/CH2C1:
b 25°C
Figure imgf000024_0002
化合物 3.(l-(2-L-天冬酰胺酰乙基) -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑)
a.化合物 1. (1-[2-(2- (异丁氨基) -4-苯基 -L-天冬氨酸酯)酰胺酰乙基】 -2-甲基 -5-硝咪 唑)的合成:
2- (异丁氨基) -4-苯基 -L-天冬氨酸酯 3-30mmol溶于 50-500ml无水二氯甲垸溶 液中, 依次加入三乙胺 3-30mmol, 1-(2-乙氨基 )-2-甲基 -5-硝基咪唑 3-30mmol和磷 酸二乙氰 3-30mmol, 在室温下, 搅拌, 加入 50-500ml二氯甲垸到反应液中, 反应 液用 100-120ml水洗涤, 用无水 MgS04干燥, 最后的产物通过硅胶柱分离流动相 二氯甲垸和已醇,体积比为 4:1,得到化合物 1(1-[2-(2- (异丁氨基) -4-苯基- L-天冬氨 酸酯)酰胺酰乙基 ]-2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑);
b.化合物 2. (1-[2-(2- (异丁氨基) -L-天冬氨酸)酰胺酰乙基] -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑)的合成: 溶解化合物 1. l-30mmol在 10-300ml无水二氯甲垸中, 依次加入三乙胺 5- ' 30mmol和磷酸二乙氰 l-30mmol,然后在室温下搅袢 12-18小时, 加入 50-500ml二 氯甲垸到反应液中, 反应液用 100ml水洗涤, 用无水 MgS04千燥, 最后的产物通 过硅胶柱分离流动相为二氯甲烷和已醇,体积比为 4:1,得到化合物 2(1-[2-(2- (异丁 氨基) -L-天冬氨酸)酰胺酰乙基] -2-甲基 -5-硝咪 ¾; C.化合物 3. (l-(2-L-天冬酰胺酰乙基) -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑)的合成: 溶解化合物 2 l-30mmol在 l-300ml的三氟乙酸中, 在室温下搅拌 20-30分 钟, 除去过量的三氟乙酸, 并加入少量 5-10ml的己垸, 除去微量的三氟乙酸, 产 物被溶解在水 10-300ml中, 然后调节 pH到 9, 分离出的产物在水和乙醇 1 :1中重 结晶得到化合物 3(l-(2-L-天冬酰胺酰乙基) -2-甲基 -5-硝咪唑)。
9、 一种如权利要求 1所述硝咪唑-氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂在用于制备影 像造影剂的应用。
10、 一种如权利要求 1所述硝咪唑-氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂在用于诊断 恶性肿瘤、 肿瘤手术后评估、 肿瘤治疗后评估或脑扫描评估血栓引起的脑乏氧病 灶中的用途。
PCT/CN2009/000246 2008-10-29 2009-03-09 硝咪唑-氨基酸化合型核素乏氧造影剂及其前体 WO2010048768A1 (zh)

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