WO2010041555A1 - データ中継システムおよび動作時刻割り当て方法 - Google Patents
データ中継システムおよび動作時刻割り当て方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010041555A1 WO2010041555A1 PCT/JP2009/066531 JP2009066531W WO2010041555A1 WO 2010041555 A1 WO2010041555 A1 WO 2010041555A1 JP 2009066531 W JP2009066531 W JP 2009066531W WO 2010041555 A1 WO2010041555 A1 WO 2010041555A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2643—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using time-division multiple access [TDMA]
- H04B7/2653—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using time-division multiple access [TDMA] for logical channel control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
- H04J3/0652—Synchronisation among time division multiple access [TDMA] nodes, e.g. time triggered protocol [TTP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/403—Bus networks with centralised control, e.g. polling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/403—Bus networks with centralised control, e.g. polling
- H04L12/4035—Bus networks with centralised control, e.g. polling in which slots of a TDMA packet structure are assigned based on a contention resolution carried out at a master unit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/04—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals
- H04L7/08—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals the synchronisation signals recurring cyclically
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a data relay system and an operation time allocation method for relaying data between devices arranged at a long distance or between a large number of devices.
- TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
- access control is performed when communication is performed between a master (master station) and a plurality of slaves (slave stations), and each station accesses media (cable, wireless, power line, etc.) in a time-sharing manner.
- the TDMA system is characterized in that it can efficiently accommodate a plurality of slaves.
- the TDMA system is premised on communication between Master and Slave.
- the TDMA system In order to perform communication by applying the TDMA system between long-distance devices, for example, light that does not attenuate the signal between Master and Slave even at long distances. Communication is possible by connecting the devices with fiber.
- signal attenuation is larger than that of an optical fiber. Therefore, in a communication system in which Master and Slave are at a long distance, communication using the TDMA method cannot be performed as it is. For this reason, in order to perform communication at a long distance, it is necessary to relay a signal between Master and Slave.
- the number of slaves that can be handled by the master is generally limited, and in order to communicate with slaves beyond that number, it is necessary to configure and relay the master-slave in multiple stages.
- a large number of slaves that can be accommodated as a repeater are accommodated, and these repeaters are further integrated.
- the master has a configuration accommodated, and the slave notifies the master of each meter value via a repeater.
- interference occurs even when a single frequency is used by switching the master operation in which the repeater operates as a master station, the slave operation in which the repeater operates as a slave station, and the pause operation every TDMA frame time.
- the Master, the repeater A, and the repeater B connected to the repeater A perform operations as a master station in turn for the slaves accommodated by the own apparatus in units of three frame times of TDMA frames. .
- a method has been proposed that enables communication without interference even at the same frequency.
- Patent Document 1 a TDMA system (Master-Slave system composed of a master and a relay device or a relay device and a slave) is equally applied to each device once in the entire operation cycle.
- a method has also been proposed in which a specific TDMA system is operated multiple times instead of operating, thereby increasing the operating frequency of the TDMA system and improving the throughput of the devices in the system.
- Patent Document 1 below also proposes a method of dynamically changing the operation time by notifying the operation table in which the operation time is described from the highest-level Master to the subordinate repeater and Slave.
- the method of dynamically changing the operation time of the technique described in the above-described conventional patent document 1 is such that when changing the operation time, the operation table is notified to all the operations, and then the switching timing to the new operation table. Is used after switching to all devices. For this reason, there is a problem that it takes time to switch the operation time.
- the network is reconfigured to add a relay device, only the added device is affected even if the change takes time, and there is no problem.
- it is desired to dynamically change the operation time according to the communication traffic volume if switching takes time, the traffic volume may change during that time, and there is a possibility that it cannot be changed appropriately. For this reason, it is necessary to change in as short a time as possible so that a change in the amount of communication traffic does not become a problem.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and a data relay system and an operation time that can dynamically switch the operation time allocation according to the communication traffic situation and shorten the switching time.
- the purpose is to obtain an allocation method.
- the present invention provides a master station device that functions as a master station by TDMA, a slave station device that functions as a slave station by TDMA, the master station device, and the slave station It functions as a slave station in a higher-order TDMA system that is a TDMA system that relays communication of devices, and uses the parent station device as a parent station, and is a lower-layer that is a TDMA system that uses the child station devices as child stations
- a data relay system comprising a relay device functioning as a master station in a TDMA system, wherein the master station device statically assigns an operating time zone once per system to the upper TDMA system and the lower TDMA system Assigned as a time zone, or a time zone obtained by excluding the operation time zone from a predetermined allocation cycle as a dynamic time zone, and the static allocation Based on the communication status with the relay device in the time zone, the dynamic allocation time zone is allocated as the operation time zone of the lower TD
- the master device communicates with all the relay devices in the operation cycle at the beginning of the entire operation cycle, and the dynamic operation time after the next operation cycle in the entire operation cycle. Based on the communication status with the relay device, the operation time of the dynamic allocation target is allocated to the own device and each relay device, and the allocation result is included in the beacon at the beginning of the operation time of the dynamic allocation target. Since each relay apparatus is notified, there is an effect that the operation time allocation is dynamically switched according to the communication traffic situation, and the switching time can be shortened.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a first embodiment of a data relay system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating another example of operation time allocation according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an operation allocation example of the relay system illustrated in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the timing for notifying the operation time.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of operation time information in the operation example of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of operation time information in the operation example of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of operation times assigned by the operation time assignment method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the operation time notification method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the assignment method of the third embodiment is applied to a data relay system
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a first embodiment of a data relay system according to the present invention.
- the data relay system according to the present embodiment includes a master 10 that is a master device in the TDMA system and a repeater (repeater, hereinafter abbreviated as REP) 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and slaves 21 to 23, 31 to 33, 41 to 43, 51 to 53, 61 to 63 functioning as repeater slave devices.
- the number of slaves is three per REP, but even if the number of slaves increases to the maximum number of slaves that can be accommodated by the TDMA method, the same operation as described below is executed. Can do.
- the REPs 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 are devices that execute both a master operation that functions as a master device and a slave operation that functions as a slave device, and switch between the master operation and the slave operation according to time. .
- all the devices in FIG. 1 operate at a single frequency F1. For this reason, in order to avoid interference, only one device that performs the TDMA master operation is used for each TDMA frame time.
- one TDMA system 101 that operates with Master 10 as a master device and REPs 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 as slave devices, and each of REPs 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 as master devices, REP 20,
- Six individual TDMA systems including five TDMA systems 102 to 106 in which slaves 21 to 23, 31 to 33, 41 to 43, 51 to 53, and 61 to 63 accommodated in 30, 40, 50, 60 are slave devices. Operates for each assigned time zone.
- the operation cycle of the data relay system of this embodiment is 6 frame times obtained by multiplying the total number of masters and REPs (that is, the number of TDMA systems) by the frame time.
- the six frame times of the operation cycle are referred to as time 1, time 2, time 3, time 4, time 5, and time 6 in order of frame time.
- the operation time is allocated to each TDMA system once every six frame times. For example, the time at which Master 10, REP 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 performs Master operation is assigned to time 1, time 2, time 3, time 4, time 5, and time 6, respectively.
- the entire system cannot communicate efficiently.
- the operation time can be dynamically changed according to the communication status, the communication efficiency is improved and the delay time is shortened.
- the times 2, 4, 5, and 6 can also be set as the operation time of the TDMA system of REP30 (time for REP30 to operate as a master), it is more than the case of operating only once in 6 operation cycles.
- the delay time can be shortened and the throughput can be increased.
- the operation time is dynamically changed according to the communication status as follows. Note that the following cautions are necessary regarding the operation time allocation. a) In a TDMA system, a device functioning as a slave of TDMA (hereinafter referred to as a slave operating device) needs to be synchronized with a clock of a device functioning as a master (hereinafter referred to as a master operating device). Therefore, in the TDMA system, the master operating device transmits a signal (beacon) indicating the TDMA period, and the slave operating device receives the beacon, thereby synchronizing (clock synchronization) with the master operating device.
- a signal (beacon) indicating the TDMA period
- the slave operating device receives the beacon, thereby synchronizing (clock synchronization) with the master operating device.
- the communication data is set so that the slaves 21 to 23, 31 to 33, 41 to 43, 51 to 53, 61 to 63 at the end do not lose synchronization. Regardless of the presence or absence, it is necessary to assign operation timings to all REPs at predetermined time intervals and transmit beacons to prevent loss of synchronization. b) In addition to the purpose of clock synchronization, it is sometimes necessary to assign operation times to all REPs in order to grasp the presence or absence of communication data between REP and Slave. c) In order to dynamically change the operation cycle, the operation time when the highest master 10 and REP function as the master operation device is determined, and the determination result is set to REP 20, 30, 40, 50, 60. Need to be communicated, and this notification method needs to be defined. d) If it takes a long time to notify the operation time in c), the communication status may change (a new device for starting communication) may appear.
- the numerical value in () on the left indicates the time (frame time unit) that operates in the first (first cycle) operation cycle time, and the right () indicates the operation time in the second operation cycle.
- the Master 10 operates at time 1 of the first operation cycle (first cycle), and performs Master operation at times 1, 3, and 5 in the second operation cycle (second cycle) ( Since the operation time is assigned to the TDMA system 101), the operation is performed for 4 frame times in 12 frame times.
- the REP 20 performs the master operation at time 2 of the first operation cycle (the operation time is assigned to the TDMA system 102), and no master operation is performed at any time in the second operation cycle. Work for hours.
- REP40, REP50, and REP60 (corresponding to TDMA systems 104, 105, and 106) perform a master operation for one frame time in 12 frame times.
- the REP 30 performs the master operation at time 3 of the first operation cycle (the operation time is assigned to the TDMA system 103), and operates at times 2, 4, and 6 in the second operation cycle. Work for hours.
- each TDMA system operates for 12 frame times for 2 frame times.
- the number of communication operations between the Slaves 31 to 33 under the REP 30 and the Master 10 is increased as compared with the conventional technique. Therefore, in the Slave 31 to 33 communication under the REP 30, there is a large amount of data (throughput) that can be transmitted and a delay time. Can also be reduced.
- the TDMA system to which the REP and the slave belong is assigned. Prioritize operation time.
- the number of operations decreases, so the throughput and delay performance deteriorates.
- this implementation is performed.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating another example of operation time allocation according to the present embodiment.
- the REP 40 and its slaves 41 to 43 communicate with a data amount greater than the threshold
- the REP 60 and its slaves 61 to 63 communicate with a data amount greater than the threshold.
- the operation time is assigned between the REP and the slave when the communication is not performed or only the communication less than the threshold is performed.
- the numerical value in () on the left indicates the time of operation in the first operation cycle time
- the operation in the second operation cycle is in () on the right. Indicates the time.
- the operation period is assigned to the TDMA 104 and the TDMA 106 twice in the second round, and the operation time is not assigned to the TDMA systems 102, 103, and 105 in the second round.
- the total operation cycle is set to N operation cycles, and an operation time is always assigned to all TDMA systems once (1 cycle) out of the N operation cycles that are the entire operation cycle. This is an allocation corresponding to the time in parentheses on the left side among the allocation times shown in each TDMA system of FIGS.
- N 2
- N is determined based on the clock synchronization performance as will be described later.
- the operation time is assigned to all TDMA systems once in the first round, but this is not a limitation, and the assignment is performed once every N times except in the first round. Also good.
- the Master 10 can always communicate with all subordinate REPs by the assignment of (1) (time 1 of () on the left side in FIGS. 1 and 2). 40, 50, 60-> Master 10 direction) or downstream (Master 10-> REP 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 direction) To grasp.
- Master 10 has an operation time ((N-1) operation cycles (6 frames)) other than the one assigned to each TDMA system in (1) in the entire operation cycle (N ⁇ 6 frames).
- N-1 operation cycles (6 frames)
- are assigned operation times in order based on the order determined in advance for the REP and Master 10 that are communicating based on the communication status grasped in (2) (FIGS. 1 and 2 show each TDMA system). Allocation corresponding to the time in parentheses on the right side). That is, in this embodiment, the (N-1) operation cycles are dynamically allocated according to the communication status.
- time 1 is the operation time of Master10.
- Master 10 stores the REP number (identification number of REP) assigned last in (3), and in the next dynamic assignment cycle, assigns in order from the next REP of that number.
- the value of N described in (1) is a value determined based on the synchronization performance (clock synchronization performance) of the TDMA system.
- a master operating device including a master operation of REP transmits a beacon signal at the beginning of each frame time for synchronization.
- the slave device (including the slave operation of REP) receives the beacon and synchronizes with the clock of the master device based on the beacon.
- a beacon can be received every frame time, but when there is a relay device and it operates intermittently, there is a frame time during which no beacon is received.
- the slave operating device operates with a free-running clock, so if it does not receive a beacon, the synchronization with the master gradually shifts.
- the longest beacon reception interval in which the synchronization error is within the allowable range is defined as the synchronization performance.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of operation assignment of the relay system shown in FIG.
- the horizontal direction in FIG. 3 indicates devices (Master 10 and each REP) functioning as a master operation, the vertical direction indicates an operation cycle, and each square indicates the operation time at which each device performs the master operation in units of frames. Yes.
- the same assignment as in FIG. 1 is performed in the first period and the second period, and the same assignment as in FIG. 2 is performed in the third period and the fourth period.
- N 2
- the entire operation period is composed of the first period, the second period, the third period, the fourth period, the fifth period, the sixth period, and the second period.
- the operation times are assigned to all TDMA systems once in order.
- Master 10 grasps that only REP 30 of the subordinate REPs is communicating with Master 10 by communicating with each REP at time 1 in the first cycle. Based on the grasped result, Master 10 alternately assigns Time 1 to Time 6 to Master 10 and REP 30 in the second period, as shown in (3) above.
- Master 10 grasps that only REP 40 and REP 60 of the subordinate REPs are communicating with Master 10 by communicating with each REP at time 1 in the third cycle. Based on the grasped result, Master 10 assigns from Time 1 to Time 6 in turn in Master 10, REP 40, and REP 60 in the fourth period.
- Master 10 is communicating with only REP 20, REP 40, and REP 50 through communication with each REP at time 1 in the fifth cycle.
- Master 10 assigns time 1 to time 6 in order to four devices, Master 10, REP 20, REP 40, and REP 50, based on the grasped result.
- the identification number of REP 20 is stored.
- Master 10 knows that it is communicating only with REP20, REP50, and REP60 by communicating with each REP at time 1 in the seventh cycle.
- Master 10 assigns time 1 to time 6 in order to four devices, Master 10, REP 20, REP 50, and REP 60, based on the grasped result.
- Master 10 is assigned at time 1 and from REP 50 following REP 20 after time 2.
- Master 10 knows that it is not communicating with any REP by communicating with each REP at time 1 in the ninth cycle.
- the Master 10 assigns an operation period to all REPs once in the 10th period, as described in (5), based on the grasp result.
- Master 10 knows that it is communicating only with REP 30 by communicating with each REP at time 1 in the first cycle. Based on the grasped result, Master 10 alternately assigns 12 times (frames) from the second period from Time 1 to Time 12 by Master 10 and REP 30.
- the second period and the third period are the 12 time periods
- time 1 to time 6 are the second period
- time 7 to time 12 are the third period.
- Master 10 knows that it is communicating only with REP 40 and REP 60 by communicating with each REP at time 1 in the fourth cycle. Based on this grasping result, the Master 10 assigns the 5th cycle and the 6th cycle in order from the time 1 to the time 12 by the Master 10, the REP 40, and the REP 60.
- Master 10 understands that Master 10 is communicating only with REP20, REP40, and REP50 at time 1 in the seventh cycle. Based on this grasping result, Master 10 assigns time 1 to time 12 in order to the four devices Master 10, REP 20, REP 40, and REP 50 in the eighth and ninth periods. At this time, since the assignment ends at REP 50 in the ninth period, the identification number of REP 50 is stored.
- Master 10 understands that Master 10 is communicating only with REP20, REP50, and REP60 at time 1 of the 10th cycle. Based on this grasping result, Master 10 assigns time 1 to time 12 in order to the four devices Master 10, REP 20, REP 50, and REP 60 in the 11th and 12th cycles. At this time, since the identification number of the REP 50 that has been allocated in the ninth cycle is stored, the allocation is performed from the REP 60 next to the REP 50 after the time 2 (the time 1 is for the Master 10 to transmit the operation time to each REP. It is necessary to set the operation time of Master 10.)
- Master 10 knows that it is not communicating with any REP at time 1 in the 13th cycle. In the 14th and 15th cycles, operation times are assigned to Master 10 and all REPs once in order.
- the Master 10 needs to notify each REP of the dynamic assignment result assigned based on the communication status grasped at time 1 of the first cycle before each REP communicates in the next cycle. Next, an operation time notification method to each REP will be described.
- the uppermost Master 10 determines the overall operation time as described above. This is a result determined based on the information at time 1 of the first cycle in which communication with all REPs is possible.
- the information including the operation time information of the allocation destination apparatus corresponding to 12 times from time 1 to time 12 is transmitted.
- Each REP receives a beacon for clock synchronization, and knows the operation time of its own device based on (N-1) ⁇ operation time information included in the beacon.
- Each Slave monitors whether or not a beacon from a REP (higher REP of its own device) corresponding to its own device is transmitted every time (every frame), and a beacon of the REP corresponding to its own device is received Perform clock synchronization and communication when possible.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the timing for notifying the operation time in the case of the operation example of FIG. Of the two operation times indicated in parentheses () described corresponding to the TDMA system 101 in FIG. 5, each time as described above at a time 1 (time in the first cycle) surrounded by a rectangle in () on the left side.
- the communication status with the REP is grasped, and the operation time information after the time 2 in the second cycle is notified to each REP by the beacon at the time 1 surrounded by the rectangle in the right parenthesis.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of operation time information in the case of the operation example of FIG.
- the vertical direction in FIG. 6 represents each cycle, and the horizontal direction represents operation time information that the Master 10 notifies in a beacon.
- the Master 10 transmits operation time information included in the beacon.
- the information of each period in FIG. 6 is information in which the assignment results of each period in FIG. 3 are arranged in time order.
- N 2
- it is necessary to notify the result of the dynamic assignment such as the second period, the fourth period, the sixth period,... In the beacon, but the first period, the third period, the fifth period,. It is not necessary to include the beacon and notify the period assigned in order such as once.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of operation time information in the case of the operation example of FIG.
- the period of communication with all REPs is 6 hours as in the first period.
- the Master 10 transmits operation time information included in the beacon.
- the operation time information is transmitted from time 7 to time 12 in the second, fifth, eighth, eleventh, and fourteenth cycles, so that the operation time information is not inserted into the beacon.
- the third, sixth, ninth, twelfth, and fifteenth periods are written in parentheses.
- N times the operation cycle is set as the total operation cycle
- the Master 10 communicates with all the REPs in the first operation cycle of the total operation cycle, and the subsequent operation cycles within the total operation cycle
- the target of dynamic operation time is assigned, and the operation time of the dynamic assignment target is assigned to Master 10 and REP 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 based on the communication status with REP.
- the allocation result is included in the beacon at the beginning of the operation time of the dynamic allocation target and notified to each REP. For this reason, the operation time can be dynamically allocated according to the communication state, and throughput and delay can be improved as compared with the prior art.
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of operation times assigned by the operation time assignment method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration of the data relay system of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- components having the same functions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the Master 10 monitors the communication status with each REP, and the Master 10 autonomously determines the operation time based on the communication status and assigns the operation time. In the present embodiment, however, Assign actions as shown.
- the operation cycle of this embodiment is 6 frames as in the first embodiment.
- the total operation cycle is set to N operation cycles.
- the operation time is always set to all TDMA systems. assign.
- Master 10 can communicate with all REPs at time 1 (assuming that time 1 is assigned to Master 10 of the operation cycle assigned at (1)) by assignment of (1).
- each REP transmits uplink data, if there is data that cannot be transmitted, it notifies the remaining data amount (uplink data amount) together.
- the Master 10 determines the uplink data amount and downlink for each REP based on the notification (uplink data amount) from the REP of (2) and the downlink data amount for each REP based on the downlink data amount held by itself. Know the amount of data.
- the Master 10 determines the amount of uplink data and the amount of downlink data obtained in (3) for the (N-1) operation cycles excluding the one assigned in (1) of the entire operation cycle. An operation time is assigned to each REP in descending order of the total.
- the operation time up to the second cycle is shown corresponding to each TDMA system in the figure.
- the right side () shows the allocation time of the first cycle
- the left side () shows the allocation time of the second cycle.
- the operation period is assigned to all REPs as in the case of FIG.
- the operation period is assigned to all REPs as in the case of FIG.
- each REP may notify the data size remaining in the transmission buffer of its own device, or when each REP operates as a master and communicates with a slave under its control, the REP Similarly, let the accommodated slaves notify the data size remaining in the slave transmission buffer, add the remaining data sizes notified from each slave to the REP, and further add the data size remaining in the REP transmission buffer. And may be notified as a data amount.
- the REP is not hierarchized, and the REP is only Slave, but in the case of a multi-stage configuration in which the REP is further accommodated and the Slave is accommodated under the REP
- the remaining data size notified from the slave at the end and the remaining data size of the REP itself are totaled and notified to the upper REP, and the upper REP remains in its transmission buffer to the total data size notified from the lower REP.
- the total data size of the subordinate apparatuses may be reported as the data amount by adding the data size.
- the Master 10 allocates more operation time to the REP 60 than the REP 40 in the second cycle, and transmits the allocation result with the operation time information in the beacon at time 1 in the second cycle.
- time 2 is assigned to REP 40
- times 3, 5, and 6 are assigned to REP 60
- other REPs (REP 20, 30, 50) are not assigned to the second cycle.
- the operation time notification method for notifying each REP of the allocation result is the same as in the first embodiment. Further, the operations of the present embodiment other than those described above are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- each REP notifies the master 10 of the amount of uplink data to be transmitted, and the master 10 operates based on the uplink data amount and the downlink data amount managed by itself. Allocation was made for the period. For this reason, compared with the first embodiment in which the communication status is grasped only by the presence / absence of communication, more appropriate allocation according to the data amount can be performed, and throughput and delay performance can be improved compared to the first embodiment. it can.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the operation time notification method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the data relay system of the present embodiment is the same as the data relay system of the first embodiment except that REP20 and REP60 and the slaves under each of them are deleted from the data relay system of the first embodiment. .
- the slaves under REP 30 and REP 50 are not shown, but there are slaves under REP 30 and REP 50 as in the first embodiment.
- Beacons 71 and 74 indicate beacons transmitted by Master 10 and REP 40, respectively.
- components having the same functions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the notification of the data amount from each REP to the Master 10 is notified together with the uplink data at the time 1 assigned as the operation time of the Master 10.
- each REP transmits to the Master 10.
- the data amount notification method is changed from the second embodiment.
- the operation time allocation method of the present embodiment will be described below.
- the total operation cycle is set to N operation cycles.
- the operation time is always set to all TDMA systems. assign.
- Each REP puts the presence / absence of data to be transmitted to the Master 10 and the amount of data in the beacon at the operation time of its own device assigned in (1), and transmits the beacon.
- Master 10 receives the beacon transmitted by each REP in (2), and whether or not each REP needs to communicate with Master 10 based on the presence / absence of data included in the beacon and the amount of data, and data when communicating Know the amount.
- the Master 10 does not operate at all other than the time zone assigned to the own device among the operation times assigned in (1) (the time zone assigned as the operation time of each REP).
- beacon reception is performed.
- Master 10 determines the total amount of data based on the presence / absence of downlink data and the amount of downlink data for each REP ascertained by itself, and the presence / absence and amount of uplink data for each REP as determined in (3). REP operation times are assigned in the order of the largest number.
- the operation time notification method is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the use method of beacon information is demonstrated in detail using FIG.
- a beacon 71 is transmitted so that the subordinate REP can synchronize at the time when the Master 10 performs the Master operation.
- REP30, REP40, and REP50 receive the beacon 71 simultaneously.
- FIG. 9 shows the beacon 74 transmitted by the REP 40, the REP 30 and the REP 50 also transmit beacons to slaves under their control at the operation time when the own apparatus performs the master operation.
- the slave device when each REP performs a master operation, the slave device is the only device that transmits and receives data at the operation time.
- the REP 40 communicates only with the slaves 41, 42, and 43 at the time when the REP 40 performs the master operation.
- the Master 10 can receive the beacon 74 transmitted by the REP 40.
- This embodiment is characterized in that the master 10 receives and uses the beacon transmitted by the REP.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the assignment method of the present embodiment is applied to a data relay system having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment. The operation of the present embodiment will be described in detail using FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows the operation times up to the second cycle for each TDMA system.
- the operation cycle is assigned to all REPs as in the example of FIG.
- Master 10 operates only at time 1 for the first period, but in this embodiment, Master 10 monitors beacons transmitted by each REP at times 2 to 6 in the first period. .
- each REP transmits a beacon at the operation time assigned to its own device. At this time, each REP transmits the total amount of remaining data to be transmitted to the Master 10 in a beacon.
- the Master 10 can receive the beacon transmitted from each REP at times 2 to 6 and know the uplink data amount for each REP based on the data amount included in the beacon. Then, after receiving the beacon at time 6 in the first cycle and before transmitting the beacon at time 1 in the second cycle, the operation time allocation for the next operation cycle (in this case, the second cycle) is assigned. It carries out similarly to Embodiment 2. Then, as in the second embodiment, when the master performs the master operation at time 1 in the second cycle, the operation time allocation information is inserted into the beacon and transmitted.
- the operations other than those described above in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the amount of uplink data can be grasped at times 2 to 6 in the first cycle. Therefore, the amount of uplink data is grasped at time 1 in the first cycle. It is possible to notify at a later time than the latest information, and to notify the latest information.
- the remaining data amount can be notified together with the uplink data.
- the number of REPs is large or the amount of data per REP is large.
- the REP exists, there is a possibility that the REP that cannot transmit the uplink data amount within one frame time of the time 1 may occur.
- the Master 10 determines that there is no remaining uplink data amount for the REP that could not transmit the uplink data amount at time 1 in the first cycle. Will exist.
- the Master 10 since the information is transmitted in the beacon transmitted by the REP, the Master 10 is not affected by the communication of other REPs at the times 2 to 6 in the first cycle. The amount of remaining REP data can always be grasped.
- the remaining uplink data amount is put in the beacon.
- the operation time is assigned as in the first embodiment. May be.
- the information added to the beacon may be 1 bit.
- each REP transmits the beacon transmitted at the operation time assigned to the own device in the first cycle including the remaining uplink data amount, and the Master 10 receives the beacon.
- the operation time is assigned based on the amount of uplink data included in the beacon. For this reason, compared with the first and second embodiments, the communication status of all REPs can be grasped without fail, and the latest uplink data amount can be reflected as compared with the second embodiment. Therefore, throughput and delay performance can be improved as compared with the first and second embodiments.
- the data relay system and the operation time allocation method according to the present invention are useful for a data relay system between devices arranged at a long distance or between a large number of devices, and in particular, a data relay employing a TDMA system. Suitable for the system.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明にかかるデータ中継システムの実施の形態1の構成例を示す図である。図1に示すように本実施の形態のデータ中継システムは、TDMA方式におけるMaster装置であるMaster10と、TDMA方式における中継装置であるRepeater(リピータ、以後REPと略記)20,30,40,50,60と、RepeaterのSlave装置として機能するSlave21~23,31~33,41~43,51~53,61~63と、で構成される。なお、図1では、Slaveの台数をREPあたり3台としているが、TDMA方式で収容可能な最大のSlave台数までSlave台数が増えた場合でも、以下で説明する動作と同様の動作を実行することができる。
a)TDMAシステムでは、TDMAのSlaveとして機能する装置(以下、Slave動作装置という)はMasterとして機能する装置(以下、Master動作装置という)のクロックに同期する必要がある。そのため、TDMAシステムではMaster動作装置がTDMA周期を示す信号(ビーコン)を送信し、Slave動作装置がビーコンを受信することによりMaster動作装置に同期(クロック同期)する。従って、本実施の形態では、動的に動作時刻を割り当てる場合に、末端のSlave21~23,31~33,41~43,51~53,61~63が同期はずれをおこさないように、通信データの有無に関わらず全REPに所定の時間間隔で動作タイミングを割り当て、ビーコンを送信して同期はずれを防止する必要がある。
b)クロック同期の目的以外にも、REP-Slave間の通信データ有無を把握するために、時々全REPに動作時刻を割り当てる必要がある。
c)動作周期を動的に変更するためには、一番上位のMaster10およびREPがMaster動作装置として機能するときの動作時刻を決定し、その決定結果をREP20,30,40,50,60に伝える必要があり、この通知方法を規定する必要がある。
d)c)の動作時刻の通知に時間がかかると、通信状況が変化する(新たに通信開始する装置が出てくる)可能性があるため、早く通知することが望ましい。
図8は、本発明にかかる実施の形態2の動作時刻割り当て方法により割り当てた動作時刻の一例を示す図である。本実施の形態のデータ中継システムの構成は実施の形態1と同様である。実施の形態1と同様に実施の形態1と同様の機能を有する構成要素は同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
図9は、本発明にかかる実施の形態3の動作時刻の通知方法の一例を示す図である。本実施の形態のデータ中継システムは、実施の形態1とデータ中継システムからREP20,REP60とそれぞれの配下のSlaveを削除しているが、それ以外は実施の形態1のデータ中継システムと同様である。なお、図9では、REP30およびREP50の配下のSlaveを図示していないが、REP30およびREP50にも実施の形態1と同様に配下のSlaveが存在する。ビーコン71,74は、それぞれMaster10,REP40が送信するビーコンを示している。実施の形態1と同様に実施の形態1と同様の機能を有する構成要素は同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
20,30,40,50,60 REP
21~23,31~33,41~43,51~53,61~63 Slave
101,102,103,104,105,106 TDMAシステム
71,74 ビーコン
Claims (7)
- TDMAによる親局として機能する親局装置と、TDMAによる子局として機能する子局装置と、前記親局装置と前記子局装置の通信を中継し、また、前記親局装置を親局とするTDMAシステムである上位TDMAシステムにおいては子局としての機能し、また、前記子局装置を子局とするTDMAシステムである下位TDMAシステムにおいては親局として機能する中継装置と、を備えるデータ中継システムであって、
前記親局装置は、上位TDMAシステムおよび下位TDMAシステムに対しシステムごとに1回ずつ動作時間帯を静的割り当て時間帯として割り当て、また、所定の割当て周期から前記動作時間帯を除いた時間帯を動的割り当て時間帯とし、前記静的割り当て時間帯における前記中継装置との通信状況に基づいて前記動的割り当て時間帯を前記下位TDMAシステムの動作時間帯として割り当て、割り当て結果を前記中継装置に送信し、
前記中継装置は、受信した前記割り当て結果に基づいて自装置に割り当てられた時間帯を抽出し、その時間帯に親局として動作することを特徴とするデータ中継システム。 - 前記通信状況を、前記上位TDMAシステムに割り当てられた静的割り当て時間帯における前記親局装置と前記中継装置との間の送受信データの有無とすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデータ中継システム。
- 前記中継装置は、前記静的割り当て時間帯のうち自装置に割り当てられた時間帯に送信するクロック同期のためのビーコンを用いて前記親局装置への送信データの有無を送信し、
前記親局装置は、各中継装置から送信されるビーコンに基づいて前記送受信データの有無を求めることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のデータ中継システム。 - 前記通信状況を、前記上位TDMAシステムに割り当てられた静的割り当て時間帯における前記中継装置の配下の子局装置から前記親局装置へ送信すべきデータの残量である上りデータ量と、前記親局装置が保持しているその子局装置宛てのデータの残量である下りデータ量と、の合計のデータ量とし、
前記中継装置は、前記上りデータ量を前記親局装置への送信データとともに送信し、
前記親局装置は、前記合計のデータ量が所定のしきい値を超える中継装置に対して前記動的割り当て時間帯を割り当てることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデータ中継システム。 - 前記通信状況を、前記上位TDMAシステムに割り当てられた静的割り当て時間帯における前記中継装置の配下の子局装置から前記親局装置へ送信すべきデータの残量である上りデータ量と、前記親局装置が保持しているその子局装置宛てのデータの残量である下りデータ量と、の合計のデータ量とし、
前記中継装置は、前記静的割り当て時間帯のうち自装置に割り当てられた時間帯に送信するクロック同期のためのビーコンを用いて前記上りデータ量を送信し、
前記親局装置は、各中継装置から送信されるビーコンに基づいて前記上りデータ量を求めることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデータ中継システム。 - 前記親局装置は、クロック同期のためのビーコンを用いて前記割り当て結果を送信することを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1つに記載のデータ中継システム。
- TDMAによる親局として機能する親局装置と、TDMAによる子局として機能する子局装置と、前記親局装置と前記子局装置の通信を中継し、また、前記親局装置を親局とするTDMAシステムである上位TDMAシステムにおいては子局としての機能し、また、前記子局装置を子局とするTDMAシステムである下位TDMAシステムにおいては親局として機能する中継装置と、を備えるデータ中継システムにおける動作時刻割り当て方法であって、
前記親局装置が、上位TDMAシステムおよび下位TDMAシステムに対しシステムごとに1回ずつ動作時間帯を静的割り当て時間帯として割り当る静的割り当てステップと、
前記親局装置が、所定の割当て周期から前記動作時間帯を除いた時間帯を動的割り当て時間帯とし、前記動的割り当て時間帯を前記静的割り当て時間帯における前記中継装置との通信状況に基づいて前記下位TDMAシステムの動作時間帯として割り当てる動的割り当てステップと、
前記親局装置が、前記割り当て結果を前記中継装置に送信する割り当て結果送信ステップと、
前記中継装置が、受信した前記割り当て結果に基づいて自装置に割り当てられた時間帯を抽出し、その時間帯に親局として動作する動作ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする動作時刻割り当て方法。
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