Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
  • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
  • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
  • C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D409/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

• the present invention provides DNAGyrase and/or Topo IV inhibitors, which can be used as antibacterial agents.
• Compounds disclosed herein can be used for treating or preventing conditions caused by or contributed by gram positive, gram negative and anaerobic bacteria, more particularly against, for example, Staphylococci, Streptococci, Enterococci, Haemophilus, Pseudomonas spp., Acenetobacter spp., Moraxalla spp., Chlamydia spp., Mycoplasma spp., Legionella spp., Mycobacterium spp., Helicobacter, Clostridium spp., Bacteroides spp., Corynebacterium, Bacillus spp., Enterobactericeae (E.coli, Klebsiella spp or, Proteus spp.) or any combination thereof. Also provided, are processes for preparing compounds disclosed herein, pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds disclosed here
• bacterial pathogens may be classified either gram-positive or gram-negative pathogens.
• the antibiotics which are effective against both types of organisms, are called as broad-spectrum antibiotics.
• Gram-positive organisms are particularly important for example, Staphylococci, Enterococci, Streptococci and Mycobacterium because of the development of resistant strain that are both difficult to treat and difficult to eradicate from the hospital environment once established.
• the fluoroquinolones have been used to treat a great variety of infection including respiratory tract infections ⁇ Smith H. J. et al. , "J. Antimicrobial Chemother.” 2002, 49, 893- 895). As a result of their wide spectrum of activity, quinolones have been extensively used. Because of this high level use and to some degree of misuse, it has caused rapid development of bacterial resistance to these agents. With the approval of the three most recent antibacterial agents, linezolid in 2000, daptomycin in 2004 and telithromycin in 2002-04, three new classes of agents have been introduced into the market. However, resistance has already been reported for all these three agents, thus providing an opportunity for additional agents in these classes to overcome the new resistance identified.
• MRSA infection Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections constitute the single most important cause of health care-associated infections, increasing lengths of hospital stay, severity of illness, deaths and costs. Although these infections occurred primarily in hospitals, they are becoming increasingly common in communities nationwide, especially where groups of people are in close quarters, including military facilities, sports teams and prisons. MRSA infection is more difficult to treat because the bacteria are resistant to ⁇ -lactam antibiotics such as methicillin, oxacillin, penicillin and amoxicillin. They are also resistant to macrolides, fluoroquinolones, clindamycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. These infections can progress to life-threatening blood or bone infections because there are fewer effective antibiotics available for treatment. The treatment for MRSA may be longer, more expensive and more complicated, and infections can reappear frequently.
• glycopeptide antibiotics teicoplanin and vancomycin are currently the mainstay of treatment of infections with MRSA.
• strains of MRSA have emerged to show intermediate susceptibility to glycopeptide antibiotics (GISA), or vancomycin (VISA).
• GISA glycopeptide antibiotics
• VISA vancomycin
• Oxazolidinones are new class of molecules active against MRSA and linezolid is the only drug available in the market.
• the toxicity of linezolid is the major issue and linezolid resistance has started emerging.
• DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are essential enzymes and play important role in DNA replication and compaction ⁇ Drlica and Zhao, "Microbiol MoI Biol Rev.” 1997, 61, 377-92).
• DNA supercoiling activity is essential in all bacteria but not found in humans and it is an ideal target for antibacterials.
• Gyrase catalyzes the conversion of relaxed, closed circular duplex DNA to a negatively superhelical form, which is more favorable for recombination.
• the mechanism of supercoiling reaction involves the wrapping of gyrase around a region of the DNA, double strand breaking in that region, passing a second region of the DNA through the break and rejoining the broken strands (Maxwell, A.
• the A subunit (gyrA) comprises an N- terminal domain involved in DNA cleavage and religation and a C-terminal DNA-wrapping domain.
• the B-subunit (gyrB) contains a ATP hydrolysis at N-terminal domain and C- terminal domain interacts with both Gyrase A and DNA.
• Another conserved and essential type-II topoisomerase in bacteria, called TopoIV is primarily responsible for separating the linked closed circular bacterial chromosomes produced in replication. This enzyme relaxes the supercoiled DNA. Topoisomerase IV is a C 2 E 2 enzyme, encoded by parC and parE.
• WO2005026149 discloses piperidine derivatives as Gyrase B inhibitors.
• WO2007007281 discloses azabicyclo derivatives that are muscarinic receptor antagonists.
• WO2005005420 discloses cyclopropyl group substituted oxazolidinone antibiotics that are effective against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens.
• the present invention provides azabicyclo compounds having DNA Gyrase and/or Topo IV inhibitory activity.
• the compounds can be used in the treatment or prevention of bacterial infection. Also, provided are processes for synthesizing such compounds.
• the compounds of the said invention exhibit activity against strains of Gram-positive,
• the compounds of present invention are useful for the treatment of pathologic condition arisen from bacterial infection or contamination.
• compositions containing such compounds are provided together with the pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents, which can be used for the treatment or prevention of bacterial infections.
• These pharmaceutical compositions may be administered or coadministered by a wide variety of routes including, for example, oral, topical, rectal, intranasal or by parenteral route.
• the composition may also be administered or coadministered in slow release dosage forms.
• the specific enantiomers have been shown by way of examples, the racemates, diastereomers, N-oxides, polymorphs, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, co-crystals, prodrugs and metabolites having the same type of activity, are also provided.
• the pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, their metabolites, racemates, enantiomers, N-oxides, polymorphs, solvates, co- crystals, prodrugs or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and optionally included excipients are also included.
• the therapeutically effective amounts of one or more compounds of the present invention can be used in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents, for example, protein synthesis inhibitors, aminoglycosides, cell wall synthesis inhibitors (glycopeptides, beta-lactams, etc.), RNA and DNA synthesis inhibitors or fatty acid synthesis inhibitors.
• protein synthesis inhibitors aminoglycosides
• cell wall synthesis inhibitors glycopeptides, beta-lactams, etc.
• RNA and DNA synthesis inhibitors or fatty acid synthesis inhibitors.
• n can be 0-2;
• R 8 can be heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, (Ci 6 )alkyl-cycloalkyl, (Q_ 6)alkyl-heteroaryl, (Ci -6 )alkyl-heterocyclyl
• R a can be alkyl, alkoxy or NR f R q ;
• Rd can be hydrogen or alkyl;
• R 2 can be O, NH or CHR" (wherein R" can be hydrogen, alkyl, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxyl or alkoxy);
• R 3 , R 4 , R 5 can independently be hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, cyano, amino, hydroxy, alkoxy, carbonyl, thiocarbonyl, oxo, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl or heterocyclylalkyl or R3 and R 4 or R 4 and R5 taken together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached can form an aromatic or non- aromatic ring, which optionally may contain heteroatom selected from N, O and S.
• current invention provide a compound of Formula Ia
• Formula 1a and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, co-crystals, enantiomers, diastereomers, polymorphs, prodrugs, metabolites or N-oxides wherein,
• R 3 is selected from hydrogen or chloro;
• R 3 can be alkyl, alkoxy or NR f R 4 ,;
• R d can be hydrogen or alkyl;
• R f and R q can independently be hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, (Q ⁇ alkyl-cycloalkyl, (Ci -6 )alkyl-heteroaryl, (C 1 .
• said alkyl is selected from a branched or unbranched saturated hydrocarbon chain having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso- propyl, n-butyl, w ⁇ -butyl, /-butyl, w-hexyl and the like.
• said aryl is selected from a single aromatic ring, or polycyclic (fused) ring containing 5 to 15 carbon atoms wherein at least one of the rings is aromatic, optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents.
• the said aryl group can be selected from phenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl and the like.
• said heteroaryl is selected from a 5 to 6 membered monocyclic or a 8 to 16 membered polycylic aromatic group containing at least one heteroatom, independently selected from the group consisting of N, O and S. It may optionally be substituted with 1 to 8 substituents.
• heteroaryl groups are pyridinyl, quinolinyl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrrolyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1 ,2,4-triazolyl, tetrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, benzoimidazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl, furanyl, azetidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, thienyl, isoxazolyl, triazinyl, furanyl, benzofuranyl, indolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, thiophenyl, benzimidazolyl, quinolinyl, benzodioxolyl, indazolyl and the like.
• said heterocyclyl is a non-aromatic monocyclic or polycyclic (multiple condensed, spiro or bridged) cycloalkyl group of 5 to 16 atoms in which 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the ring are replaced by a heteroatom selected from the group comprising of O, S and N, wherein the optionally-fused ring may, in turn, be saturated or unsaturated and may further contain 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group comprising of N, O, and S. It may be optionally substituted with one or more of the substituents.
• heterocyclyl groups are thiazolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydrofuranyl, dihydroisoxazolyl, dihydrobenzofuryl, azabicyclohexyl, azabicyclooctanyl, dihydroindolyl, piperidinyl or piperazinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperizinyl, azepinyl, azetidinyl, aziridinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, benzthiazinyl, benzoxazinyl, isoindolinyl, phenoxazine and the like.
• cycloalkyl is a cyclic alkyl group of 3 to 20 carbon atoms having a monocyclic ring or polycyclic (fused, spiro and bridged rings) ring, which may optionally contain one or more olefinic bonds.
• the cycloalkyl groups of the present invention can be selectred from single ring structures such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, , cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl and the like, and multiple ring structures such as adamantyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl and the like.
• the invention encompasses compounds that include, for example,
• Methyl 2-chloro-6-[(li?,55',6 ⁇ -)-6- ⁇ [(3,4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrol-2-yl)carbonyl]amino ⁇ - S-azabicyclo ⁇ .l.OJhex-S-ylJpyridine ⁇ -carboxylate (Compound no. 155)
• Methyl 6-[(l/?,55 r ,65)-6- ⁇ [(3,4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrol-2-yl)carbonyl]amino ⁇ -3- azabicyclofS. l.OJhex-S-yljpyridine-S-carboxylate Compound no. 156)
• compositions comprising therapeutically effective amounts of one or more compounds described herein together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents.
• provided herein are methods for treating or preventing conditions caused by or contributed to by bacterial infections comprising administering to a mammal in need thereof therapeutically effective amount of one or more compounds of Formula 1 described herein.
• the condition can be selected from community acquired pneumonia, upper or lower respiratory tract infections, complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI), uncomplicated skin and soft structure infections, hospital acquired (nosocomial) infections, urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal infections, enterococci infections, bacteraemia infections with known or suspected endocarditis, nosocomial bone or joint infections, acne vulgaris, mastitis, catheter infection, foreign body, prosthesis infections or peptic ulcer disease.
• community acquired pneumonia upper or lower respiratory tract infections
• cSSSI complicated skin and skin structure infections
• hospital acquired (nosocomial) infections urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal infections, enterococci infections, bacteraemia infections with known or suspected endocarditis, nosocomial bone or joint infections, acne vulgaris, mastitis, catheter infection, foreign body, prosthesis infections or peptic ulcer disease.
• the bacterial infections can be caused by gram positive, gram negative or anaerobic bacteria.
• the gram positive, gram negative or anaerobic bacteria can be selected from Staphylococci (S. aurues including MRSA, S. epidermidis including MRSE, CoNS, etc.) Streptococci (S. pneumoniae, S. pyogens, S. viridans, S. agalactiae, etc.)
• Enterococci E. faecalis, E.faecium, etc.,
• Haemophilus spp. Moraxalla spp.
• Chlamydia spp. Mycoplasma spp.
• Legionella spp. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (including MDR and XDR strains)
• Helicobacter pylori Clostridium spp.
• P. acne. Bacteroides spp., Corynebacterium, Bacillus spp., Enterobactericeae (E.coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., etc) and Pseudomonas spp.
• the bacterium is cocci.
• the cocci are drug resistant.
• the drug resistant cocci are selected from methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin resistant S. aureus (VRSA), methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE), Streptococcus pyogenes (erm, mef, telithromycin resistance), Enterococcus faecalis andfaecium (vancomycin and telithromycin resistance), penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP), and multi-drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• MRSA methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
• VRSA vancomycin resistant S. aureus
• MRSE methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis
• Streptococcus pyogenes erm, mef, telithromycin resistance
• Enterococcus faecalis andfaecium vancomycin and telithromycin resistance
• PRSP penicillin resistant Str
• RNA and DNA are provided herein.
• methods for treating, preventing or inhibiting nosocomial and/or community acquired bacterial infection or a associated disease, disorder or infection thereof comprising administering to a mammal in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of one or more compounds of Formula I or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, polymorphs, pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, co-crystals, enantiomers, diastereomers, N-oxides, prodrugs or metabolites thereof, in combination with one or more therapeutic agents selected from other antibacterial compounds, for example, protein synthesis inhibitors (linezolid, telithromycin, tigecycline, etc,) aminoglycosides (gentamycin, kanamycin, etc), cell wall synthesis inhibitors (glycopeptides, for example, vancomycin, teicoplanin, telavancin, bleomycin, etc, beta-lactams, , for example, penicillin, methicillin, etc.), RNA
• kits for treating or preventing acne vulgaris and inflammatory conditions thereof comprising administering to a mammal in need thereof therapeutically effective amounts of one or more compounds of Formula I in combination with one or more therapeutic agents selected from alcohol, benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin, tretinoin, vitamin E, vitamin A and its derivatives, tetracycline, isotretinoin, vitamin C, vitamin D, chaparral, dandelion root, licoric root, Echinacea, kelp, cayenine, sassafras, elder flowers, pantothenic acid, para amino benzoic acid, biotin, cholin, inositol, folic acid, calcium, magnesium, potassium, vitamin B 6 , zinc, carotenoid, azelaic acid, and other therapeutic agents, which can be used to treat acne or condition the skin.
• one or more therapeutic agents selected from alcohol, benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin, tretinoin, vitamin E
• alkylene refers to a diradical branched or unbranched saturated hydrocarbon chain having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and one or more hydrogen can optionally be substituted with alkyl, hydroxy, halogen or oximes. This term can be exemplified by groups such as methylene, ethylene, propylene isomers (e.g., -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 , - CH (CH 3 ) 2 , and -CH(CH 3 )CH2) and the like.
• alkoxy denotes the group O-alkyl, wherein alkyl is the same as defined above.
• aryloxy denotes the group O-aryl, wherein aryl is as defined above.
• heteroaryloxy denotes the group O-heteroaryl, wherein heteroaryl is as defined above.
• heterocyclyloxy denotes the group O-heterocyclyl, wherein heterocyclyl is as defined above.
• aralkyF or arylalkyF refers to alkyl-aryl linked through an alkyl portion (wherein alkyl is as defined above) and the alkyl portion contains 1-8 carbon atoms and aryl is as defined below.
• heteroarylalkyF refers to alkyl-heteroaryl group linked through alkyl portion, wherein the alkyl and heteroaryl are as defined earlier.
• heterocyclylalkyF refers to alkyl-heterocyclyl group linked through alkyl portion, wherein the alkyl and heterocyclyl are as defined earlier.
• aralkyloxy or “arylalkyloxy” refers to the group O-alkyl-aryl, wherein alkyl and aryl is as defined above
• heteroarylalkyloxy refers to O-alkyl-heteroaryl group, wherein the alkyl and heteroaryl are as defined earlier.
• heterocyclylalkyloxy refers to O-alkyl-heterocyclyl group, wherein the alkyl and heterocyclyl are as defined earlier.
• alkyamin ⁇ refers to alkyl-amino group linked through alkyl portion, wherein the alkyl and amino are as defined earlier.
• amine or amino unless otherwise specified, refers to -NH 2 .
• halogen or halo refers to fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
• haloalkyl refers to alkyl of which one or more hydrogen(s) is/are replaced by halogen.
• protecting group is used herein to refer to known moieties which have the desirable property of preventing specific chemical reaction at a site on the molecule undergoing chemical modification intended to be left unaffected by the particular chemical modification. Also the term “protecting group”, unless or otherwise specified, may be used with groups such as hydroxy, amino, and carboxy. The examples of such groups are found in T.W. Greene and P.G.M. Wuts, "Protective groups in organic synthesis", 3 rd ed., John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, 1999, which is incorporated herein by reference.
• salts refers to the inorganic and organic base or acid addition salts of compounds of present invention. These salts can be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compounds or by separately reacting the purified compound in its free form with a suitable organic or inorganic base or acid and isolating the salt thus obtained.
• Representative salts include, but not limited to, trifluoroacetate, hydrochloride, acetate, fumarate, phosphate, tosylate, hydrobromide, sulfate, bisulfate, nitrate, oxalate, valerate, oleate, palmitate, stearate, laurate, borate, benzoate, lactate, citrate, maleate, succinate, tartrate, naphthylate, mesylate, glucoheptonate, lactobionate, laurylsulfonate and the like.
• the salts derived from inorganic bases include, but not limited to, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, aluminium as well as non-toxic ammonium, quaternary ammonium and amine cations, including, but not limited to ammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, methylamine, triethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, and the like.
• the salts derived from organic bases include, but not limited to, salts of natural or synthetic amino acids, betaine, caffeine, 2-diethylaminoethanol, N-ethylmorpholine, glucosamine, dibenzylethylene-diamine, chloroprocaine, choline, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, histidinc, piperazine, procaine, purine, tromethamine and the like.
• the free base form may be regenerated by contacting the salt form with a base. While the free base form may differ from the salt form in terms of physical properties, such as solubility, the salts are equivalent to their respective free bases for the purposes of the present invention.
• solvates refers to solvates with water (i.e., hydrates) or pharmaceutically acceptable solvents, for example solvates with ethanol and the like. Such solvates are also encompassed within the scope of the disclosure. Furthermore, some of the crystalline forms for compounds described herein may exist as polymorphs and as such are intended to be included in the scope of the disclosure.
• the present invention within its scope also includes 'prodrugs' of these agents.
• prodrugs will be functional derivatives of these compounds, which are readily convertible in vivo into the active drugs.
• Conventional procedure for the selection and preparation of suitable prodrug derivatives are described, for example, in “Targeted prodrug design to optimize drug delivery", AAPS PharmSci. 2000, 2(1), E6.
• pharmaceutically acceptable carriers is intended to include non-toxic, inert solid, semi-solid or liquid filler, diluent, encapsulating material or formulation auxiliary of any type.
• co-crystals defines the crystalline phase wherein at least two components of the crystal interact by hydrogen bonding and possibly by other non-covalent interactions rather than by ion pairing.
• polymorphs refers to all crystalline forms and amorphous forms of the compounds described herein.
• some of the compounds described herein may form solvates with water or common organic solvents. Such solvates are also encompassed within the scope of this invention.
• Compunity-acquired infections relates to the infections acquired from the community in the patients, who had not recently been in a health care facility or been in contact with someone who had been recently in a health care facility.
• Community-acquired respiratory tract infection (CARTI) is a common cause of acute illness in adults and includes, community acquired pneumonia, mild to severe upper and lower respiratory tract infections, acute bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
• Hospital-acquired infections also known as health-care associated infections relates to the infections acquired by patients from the surrounding bacterial pool in hospital setup. Patients contract these infections from pathogens on the hands of medical personnel, invasive procedures (e.g., intubations and extended ventilation, indwelling vascular lines, urine catheterization), or contaminated air-conditioning systems, contaminated water systems. Most serious hospital acquired infections include ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), lower respiratory infection, catheter related infection, foreign body, prosthesis infections or peptic ulcer disease, skin, soft tissue, and surgical-site infections.
• VAP ventilator-associated pneumonia
• the compounds disclosed herein may be prepared by the following reaction sequences as depicted in Schemes I- VII.
• the compound of Formula VIII can be prepared by following synthetic route as described in Scheme I.
• the compound of Formula II can react through two pathways.
• Path A The compound of Formula II (wherein y is H or an amine-protecting group and Z is an amine-protecting group, for example, t-butoxycarbonyl (t-BOC), 9- fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc), phthalimide, trityl, allyloxycarbonyl, trifluoroacetamide, tosyl, benzyl, benzyloxycarbonyl or pyridine-2-sulfonyl and X is an amine protecting group, for example, benzyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, trifluoroacetyl, allyloxycarbonyl, ?-butoxycarbonyl (f-BOC) or pyridine-2-sulfonyl) can be N-deprotected to give a compound of Formula III.
• t-BOC t-butoxycarbonyl
• Fmoc 9- fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl
• phthalimide
• the protecting groups used in compounds of Formula II can be such that selective removal of one is possible for example X can be benzyl and Y can be t-Boc.
• a compound of Formula III can react with a compound of Formula IV (wherein R d is (un)substituted aryl, heteroaryl and L is a leaving group, for example, chloro, bromo, tosyl etc.) to give a compound of Formula V.
• the compound of Formula V can again be N-deprotected to give a compound of Formula VI.
• the compound of Formula VI can be coupled with a compound of Formula VII (wherein R 3 , R4 and R5 are as defined earlier) to give a compound of Formula VIII.
• Path B The compound of Formula II can be deprotected to give a compound of Formula IX.
• the compound of Formula IX can then be coupled with a compound of Formula VII to give a compound of Formula X.
• the compound of Formula X can be N-deprotected to give a compound of Formula XI, which can then be reacted with a compound of Formula IV to give a compound of Formula VIII.
• N-deprotection of compound of Formula II to give a compound of Formula III (Path A) can be carried out by transfer catalytic hydrogenation using palladium-carbon in the presence of a hydrogen donor, for example, ammonium formate, cyclohexene, hydrazine hydrate, or 1 ,4-cyclohexadiene in one or more solvent, for example, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol or formic acid.
• a hydrogen donor for example, ammonium formate, cyclohexene, hydrazine hydrate, or 1 ,4-cyclohexadiene in one or more solvent, for example, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol or formic acid.
• reaction can also be carried out by hydrogenation to give a compound of Formula III in the presence of one or more reducing agent, for example, palladium-carbon/hydrogen, raney nickel/hydrogen, platinum/hydrogen or mixture thereof in one or more alcohols, for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol or mixtures thereof.
• one or more reducing agent for example, palladium-carbon/hydrogen, raney nickel/hydrogen, platinum/hydrogen or mixture thereof in one or more alcohols, for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol or mixtures thereof.
• reaction of compound of Formula III with a compound of Formula IV to give a compound of Formula V can be carried out using a base, for example, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, N,N-diisopropyl ethyl amine, N-methylmorpholine or triethylamine in the presence of one or more solvent, for example, N,N-dimethylformamide, dioxane, dimethyl sulphoxide or tetrahydrofuran.
• a base for example, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, N,N-diisopropyl ethyl amine, N-methylmorpholine or triethylamine
• solvent for example, N,N-dimethylformamide, dioxane, dimethyl sulphoxide or tetrahydrofuran.
• the coupling of a compound of Formula III with a compound of Formula IV to give a compound of Formula V can also be carried out with 2,2'- bis(diphenylphosphino)-l,r-binaphthyl (BINAP), XPhos, XantPhos in the presence of a catalyst, for example, Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium palladium(II)acetate, [1,1'- Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene] palladium(II)chloride, Bis(triphenyl- phosphine)palladium(II)chloride, in one or more bases, for example, cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium phosphate, sodiunW-butoxide, l,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec- 7-ene, 7-methyl-l,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0]dec-5-ene in one or more
• the N-deprotection of compound of Formula V to give a compound of Formula VI can be carried out in the presence of an acid, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, trifluoroacetic acid or/?-toluene sulfonic acid in one or more solvents, for example, diethyl ether, dioxane, dichloromethane, acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol or water.
• an acid for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, trifluoroacetic acid or/?-toluene sulfonic acid
• solvents for example, diethyl ether, dioxane, dichloromethane, acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol or water.
• the coupling of the compound of Formula VI with a compound of Formula VII to give a compound of Formula VIII can be carried out in one or more solvent, for example, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane using a coupling agent, for example, 1-ethyl- 3-(3'-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI), 1,3-dicyclohexyl- carbodiimide (DCC), JV-[(dimethylamino)-lH-l,2,3-triazolo[4,5- ⁇ ]pyridylmethylene]-N- methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide ( ⁇ ATU) or benzotriazol-1-yl-N-oxy- tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) and, optionally, a catalyst, for example, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole ( ⁇ OBt), 3-hydroxy
• N-deprotection of compound of Formula II (Path B) (wherein the protecting group is an acid labile group, for example, t-butyl carbamate) to give a compound of Formula IX can be carried out in the similar way as the deprotection of compound of Formula V to give a compound of Formula VI.
• the coupling of compound of Formula IX with a compound of Formula VII to give a compound of Formula X can be carried out in a similar way as the coupling of compound of Formula VI with a compound of Formula VII to give a compound of Formula VIII.
• N-deprotection of compound of Formula X to give a compound of Formula XI can be carried out in a base, for example, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, caesium carbonate or lithium hydroxide in one or more solvents, for example, methanol, water, ethanol, isopropanol or «-propanol.
• a base for example, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, caesium carbonate or lithium hydroxide in one or more solvents, for example, methanol, water, ethanol, isopropanol or «-propanol.
• the compound of Formula XI can be reacted with compound of Formula IV to give a compound of Formula VIII can be carried out with carbonates, for example, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate or cesium carbonate, in one or more solvents, for example, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane or acetonitrile.
• carbonates for example, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate or cesium carbonate
• solvents for example, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane or acetonitrile.
• reaction can be carried out using methods similar to those used for coupling of a compound of Formula III with a compound of Formula IV.
• Compound of Formula VIII (wherein R d is Rai-COOP g and Rdi is aryl or heteroaryl, P g is an alkyl group, for example, methyl, ethyl or /-butyl) can be hydrolyzed to give a compound of Formula XII.
• the hydrolysis of compound of Formula VIII to give a compound of Formula XII can be carried out in lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide in one or more solvents, for example, tetrahydrofuran, water, methanol, dichloromethane, acetone, acetonitrile or dioxane optionally in the presence of an acid, for example, trifluoroacetic acid .
• a compound of Formula XV can be prepared by following Scheme III as follows.
• the compound of Formula VIII (when Ra i ISs and G is N or CH) can be reacted with a compound of Formula XXIII (wherein both R v are independently hydrogen or alkyl or two R v along with the N to which they are attached can join together to form a heterocyclic ring optionally containing heteroatoms O, N or S) to give a compound of Formula XIV, which can then deprotected to give a compound of Formula XV.
• reaction of compound of Formula VIII with a compound of Formula XIII to give a compound of Formula XIV can be carried out in the presence of a base, for example, triethylamine, sodium hydride, pyridine, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium acetate, sodium thiosulfate or diisopropyl ethylamine in one or more solvent, for example, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane or tetrahydrofuran.
• a base for example, triethylamine, sodium hydride, pyridine, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium acetate, sodium thiosulfate or diisopropyl ethylamine in one or more solvent, for example, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane or tetrahydrofuran.
• the hydrolysis of compound of Formula XIV to give a compound of Formula XV can be carried out in lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide in one or more solvents, for example, tetrahydrofuran, water, acetone, acetonitrile or dioxane.
• the compound of Formula XVI can be prepared by following the Scheme IV as follows
• the compound of Formula XII (wherein R d i is as defined earlier) can undergo coupling with a compound of Formula XXIII (wherein R v is as defined earlier) to give a compound of Formula XVI.
• Coupling of compound of Formula XII with a compound of Formula XXIII to give a compound of Formula XVI can be carried out in in one or more solvent, for example, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane using a coupling agent, for example, 1-ethyl- 3-(3'-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI), 1,3-dicyclohexyl- carbodiimide (DCC), N-[(dimethylamino)-lH-l,2,3-triazolo[4,5- ⁇ ]pyridylmethylene]-N- methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide ( ⁇ ATU) or benzotriazol-1-yl-N-oxy- tris(pyrrolidino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) and, optionally, a catalyst, for example, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
• ⁇ ODhbt 3-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-l,2,3-benzotriazine
• ⁇ OAt 7-aza- 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
• a base for example, N-methyl-morpholine ( ⁇ MM), N,N- dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), triethylamine (TEA) or N ⁇ N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA).
• the compound of Formula V (when R d R m is aryl or heteroaryl, s can be O or 1 , and L is as defined earlier) can undergo Suzuki coupling with a compound of Formula XVII (wherein R k can be (un)substituted aryl or heteroaryl and y, Z and Pg are as defined earlier) to give a compound of Formula XVIII.
• the compound of Formula XVIII can undergo N-deprotection to give a compound of Formula XIX.
• the compound of Formula XIX can undergo coupling to give a compound of Formula XX.
• the compound of Formula XX can undergo hydrolysis to give a compound of Formula XXI.
• the coupling of compound of Formula V with a compound of Formula XVII to give a compound of Formula XVIII can be carried out in the presence of bis-(diphenyl- phosphino)ferrocene palladium II dichloride (Pd(dppf)Cl 2 , tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium (O) [Pd (Ph 3 P) 4 ], palladium acetate or dichlorobistriphenylphosphine palladium (II), with a suitable base, for example, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate or potassium acetate in one or more solvent, for example, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, acetone or dioxane.
• a suitable base for example, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate or potassium acetate in one or more solvent, for example, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, toluene, tetra
• N-deprotection of compound of Formula XV11 ⁇ to give a compound of Formula XIX can be carried out in the similar way as the deprotection of compound of Formula V to give a compound of Formula VI.
• hydrolysis of compound of Formula XX to give a compound of Formula XXI can be carried out in the similar way as the hydrolysis of compound of Formula VIII to give a compound of Formula XII.
• Formula XXV Accordingly, the compound of Formula VIII (when Ra is wherein R j is methylene or benzylene and P g is as defined earlier) undergo hydrolysis to give a compound of Formula XXlI.
• the compound of Formula XXII undergo coupling with a compound of Formula XXIII (wherein both R v are independently hydrogen or alkyl or two Rvs along with the N to which the)- are attached can join together to form a heterocyclic ring optionally containing heteroatoms O, N or S) to give a compound of Formula XXIV.
• the compound of Formula XXIV undergo hydrolysis to give a compound of Formula XXV.
• Hydrolysis of compound of Formula VIII to give a compound of Formula XXII can be carried out with sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide in one or more solvents, for example, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, water, acetone, acetonitrile or dioxane.
• solvents for example, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, water, acetone, acetonitrile or dioxane.
• Hydrolysis of compound of Formula XXIV to give a compound of Formula XXV can be carried out in the similar way as the hydrolysis of compound of Formula VIII to give a compound of Formula XII.
• the compound of Formula VIII (when R d is w ⁇ ⁇ ) undergo reduction to give a compound of Formula XXVI.
• the compound of Formula XXVI can be reacted through 3 pathways.
• Path A The compound of Formula XXVI can be reacted with methyl bromoacetate to give a compound of Formula XXVII.
• the compound of Formula XXVII undergo hydrolysis to give a compound of Formula XXVIII
• Path B The compound of Formula XXVI can be reacted with acetyl chloride to give a compound of Formula XXIX. I he compound of Formula XXIX undergo hydrolysis to give a compound of Formula XXX. Path C: The compound of Formula XXVI can be reacted with p-nitrophenyl chloroformate to give a compound of Formula XXXI. The compound of Formula XXXI undergo hydrolysis to give a compound of Formula XXXII.
• Reduction of compound of Formula VIII to give a compound of Formula XXVI can be carried out by one or more reducting agent.
• reducting agent for example, stannous chloride, titanium(III) chloride, sodium hydrosulfite, Fe/HCl, sodium sulfide or by catalytic hydrogenation using palladium-on-carbon, platinum(IV) oxide, or Raney nickel optionally in the presence of an acid, for example, hydrochloric acid or hydrobromic acid.
• reaction of compound of Formula XXVI with methyl bromoacetate to give a compound of Formula XXVII can be carried out in the presence of one or more base, for example, N ⁇ V-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA), N-methyl-morpholine ( ⁇ MM), N 1 N- dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) or triethylamine (TEA) in the presence of one or more solvent, for example, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane or acetonitrile.
• DIEA N ⁇ V-diisopropylethylamine
• ⁇ MM N-methyl-morpholine
• DMAP N 1 N- dimethylaminopyridine
• TAA triethylamine
• Path B The reaction of compound of Formula XXVI with acetyl chloride to give a compound of Formula XXIX can be carried out in one or more solvent, for example, tetrahydrofuran, methanol, acetone, acetonitrile or dioxane in the presence of an amine, for example, triethyl amine, N-methyl-morpholine ( ⁇ MM), NN-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) or N 5 N- diisopropylethylamine (DIEA).
• Hydrolysis of compound of Formula XXIX to give a compound of Formula XXX can be carried out in the similar way as the hydrolysis of compound of Formula VIII to a compound of Formula XXII.
• Path C The reaction of compound of Formula XXVI with p-nitrophenyl chloro formate to give a compound of Formula XXXI can be carried out in the presence of a base, for example, pyridine, sodium hydride, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, or diisopropyl ethylamine in one or more solvent, for example, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane, dimethylformamide or acetonitrile.
• a base for example, pyridine, sodium hydride, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, or diisopropyl ethylamine
• solvent for example, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane, dimethylformamide or acetonitrile.
• Table-1 lists the type of compounds synthesized by using the synthetic procedure as demonstrated in Schemes 1-VII.
• R 2 is NH, n is 0 and 3. 5 is methyl
• compositions disclosed herein comprise pharmaceutically effective amounts of compounds described herein formulated together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents.
• Solid form preparations for oral administration include capsules, tablet, pills, powder, granules, lozenges, troches, cachets and suppositories.
• active compounds can be mixed with one or more inert, pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or carrier, for example, sodium citrate, dicalcium phosphate and/or fillers or extenders (for example, starches, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, silicic acid or mixtures thereof); binders, for example, carboxymethylcellulose, alginates, gelatins, polyvinylpyrrolidinone, sucrose, acacia or mixtures thereof; disintegrating agents, for example, agar-agar, calcium carbonate, potato starch, alginic acid, certain silicates, sodium carbonate or mixtures thereof; absorption acceletors, for example, quaternary ammonium compounds; wetting agents, for example, cetyl alcohol, glycerol mono stearate or mixtures thereof; ad
• Tablets, capsules, pills or granules can be prepared using one or more coatings or shells to modulate the release of active ingredients, for example, enteric coatings or other coatings known to one of ordinary skill in the art.
• Liquid form preparations for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups or elixirs.
• active compounds can be mixed with water or one or more non-toxic solvents, solubilizing agents or emulsifiers, for example, water, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, dimethylformamide, oils, for example, cottonseed, groundnut, corn, germ, olive, castor and sesame oil, glycerol, fatty acid esters of sorbitan or mixtures thereof.
• Oral compositions can also include one or more adjuvants, for example, wetting agents, emulsifying agents, suspending agents, sweetening agents, flavoring agents, perfuming agents or mixtures thereof.
• Injectable preparations for example, sterile injections, and aqueous suspensions may be formulated according to methods known to one of ordinary skill in the art, and in particular, using one or more suitable dispersing or wetting and suspending agents.
• Acceptable vehicles and solvents include one or more of water, Ringer's solution, isotonic sodium chloride or mixtures thereof.
• Suppositories for rectal administration of the compound of this invention can be prepared by mixing the drug with suitable nonirritating excipients such as coca butter and polyethylene glycols, which are solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at body temperature an which therefore melt in the rectum and release the drug
• Dosage forms for topical or transdermal administration of a compound of the present invention include ointments, pastes, creams, lotions, gels, powders, solutions, sprays, inhalants or patches.
• Active compounds can be admixed under sterile condition with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and optionally any preservatives or buffers as may be required.
• Ophthalmic formulations, eardrops, eye ointments, powders and solutions are also encompassed within the scope of this invention.
• compositions may be in unit dosage form.
• the preparations can be subdivided into unit doses containing appropriate quantities of active components.
• Unit dosage forms can be packaged preparations containing discrete capsules, powders, in vials or ampoules, ointments, capsules, sachets, tablets, gels, creams or any combination and number of such packaged forms.
• Step III Synthesis of 4-Chloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid
• ethyl-4-chloro-5-methyl-pyrrole-2-carboxylate 3g, 16 mmol
• tetrahydrofuran:water 3:1, 40 ml
• lithium hydroxide 6 g, 160 mmol
• the reaction mixture was heated to about 80 0 C and stirred for about 16 hours.
• the solvent was removed under vacuum, the resultant mixture was cooled to about 0 0 C and then acidified with 30% hydrochloric acid, extracted with ethyl acetate.
• the combined organics were washed with water, brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and concentrated to afford 4- Chloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (1.8 g).
• Step I Synthesis of Ethyl -2,4-Dichloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrole-2-carboxylate
• the title compound was prepared from Ethyl-S-methyl-lH-pyrrole ⁇ -carboxylate as per the procedure given in WO2005026149
• Step I Synthesis of 4-r(2,2-dimethyl-4.6-dioxo-1.3-dioxan-5- ylidene)(hydroxy)methyllbenzonitrile
• a solution of meldrum's acid (4.06 g, 28.2 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 ml) was treated with l-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylarninopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (5.4g, 28.2 mmol), and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (7.16g, 58.75 mmol) and 4-cyanobenzoic acid (3.45 g, 23.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature (-25 0 C) for about 24 hours.
• Step II Synthesis of ethyl 3-(4-cyanophenyl)-3-oxopropanoate
• the acylated meldrum's acid obtained in step I (3.7 g) was refluxed with ethanol (50 ml) for about 20 hours, concentrated and purified by column chromatography over SiO 2 (100-200 mesh) using hexane/ethyl acetate gradient. The desired product eluted in 4-5% ethyl acetate in hexane (2.6 g).
• Step ITT Synthesis of ethyl 2-amino-4-(4-cyanophenyl)-L3-thiazole-5-carboxylate
• Step IV Synthesis of ethyl 2-bromo-4-(4-cvanophenyl)-l,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate
• Methyl 2-bromo-4-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-l,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate was prepared following a similar procedure starting from dimethyl acetone 1 ,3-dicarboxylate EIMS m/z 296.16 [M+2] + The following compounds were synthesized following a similar synthetic procedure starting from methyl 3-oxo-3-(pyridin-3-yl)propanoate
• Methyl 2-bromo-4-(4-pyridyl)-l,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate was synthesized following a similar synthetic procedure as above starting from methyl 3-oxo-3-(pyridin-4-yl)propanoate, which was prepared by following a similar synthetic procedure described in WO2008152418 EIMS m/z 315.03 [M+2] +
• Step I Synthesis of ethyl 3-oxohexanoate
• Step III Synthesis of ethyl-2-amino-4-propyl-L3-thiazol-5-carboxylate
• a mixture of ethyl 2-chloro-3-oxohexanoate (0.5 g, 2.5 mmol) and thiourea (0.197 g, 2.5 mmol) in acetonitrile was stirred at about 80 °C for about 20 hours.
• the reaction mixture was concentrated on a rotary evaporator and the residue was partitioned between water and dichloromethane. The combined organics were dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated.
• the crude compound was purified by column chromatography over neutralized silica gel (100-200) while eluting with 50% ethyl acetate/hexane to afford (0.15 g).
• Step IV Synthesis of emyl-2-brorno-4-propyl-l,3-thiazol-5-carboxylate
• Ethyl-2-amino-4-propylthiazol-5-carboxylate (0.15 g, 0.7 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (40 ml) and treated with cupric bromide (0.1 g, 0.43 mmol) at room temperature ( ⁇ 25 0 C) and the reaction mixture was heated to about 65 0 C.
• a solution of isoamyl nitrite (0.16 g, 1.05 mmol) in acetonitrile was added dropwise at the same temperature.
• Ethyl-2-bromo-4-phenyl- 1 ,3-thiazol-5-carboxylate EIMS m/z 312.48.60 (M + ) Ethyl-2-bromo-4-benzyl- 1 ,3-thiazol-5-carboxylate EIMS m/z 328 [M+2] + Ethyl-2-bromo-4-pentyl- 1 ,3-thiazol-5-carboxylate EIMS m/z 308 [M+2] +
• Ethyl-2-bromo-4-methoxymethyl-l,3-thiazol-5-carboxylate EIMS m/z 282 [M+2] + Diethyl 2-bromo-l,3-thiazole-4,5-dicarboxylate
• Step I Synthesis of ethyl-2-amino-4-methyl-l,3-oxazol-5-carboxylate
• Step II Synthesis of ethyl-2-chloro-4-methyl-l,3-oxazol-5-carboxylate
• ethyl-2-amino-4-methyl-l,3-oxazol-5-carboxylate (0.25 g, 1.47 mmol) and tert- butyl nitrite (0.23 g, 2.21 mmol) was heated to about 65 0 C and copper chloride (0.1 g, 0.735 mmol) was added in portions over a period of about 30 min.
• the reaction mixture was stirred at about 65 0 C for about 1 hour and then at room temperature (-25 0 C) for about 16 hours. Upon completion of reaction, the solvent was removed and the residue was diluted with dil.
• Step I Synthesis of fert-butyl (l.R,5£6.y)-3-azabicvclof3.1.01hex-6-ylcarbamate
• a solution [(li?,5S;6.y)-3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-6-yl]carbarnate (8.64 g, 30 mmol) in methanol was treated with ammonium formate (10 g, 154 mmol) and 10% Pd/C (5 g, 50% w/w). This reaction mixture was stirred at about 60 0 C for about 1 hour, cooled to ⁇ 25 0 C and filtered over celite. The filtrate was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was triturated with cold hexane and ether to afford the title compound (5.5 g) EIMS m/z 199 [M+H] +
• Step II Synthesis of Ethyl 2-(Cl i?.5S.6.s)-6-IYfert-butoxycarbonyl)aininol-3- azabicyclop.l.Olhex-S-yU ⁇ -methyl-lJ-thiazole-S-carboxylate
• Step III Synthesis of Ethyl 2-r(li?,5,S,6,s)-6-amino-3-azabicvclor3.1.01hex-3-yll-4-methyl- 1 ,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate:
• Step IV Synthesis of ethyl 2-rrii?.5 ⁇ .6 ⁇ -6-(r(3.4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrol-2- yl)carbonyl]amino ⁇ -3-azabicvclor3.1.01hex-3-yn-4-methyl-l,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate:
• Step H Synthesis of ⁇ -fdR ⁇ S'. ⁇ - ⁇ -amino-S-azabicyclorS.l.Olhex-S-ylipyridine-S- carbonitrile tert-Butyl [(lR,5S,6s)-3-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-6-yl]carbamate
• Step III Synthesis of 3.4-dichloro-N4(li?.5£6s)-3-(5-cvanopyridin-2-vn-3- azabicyclor3.1.01hex-6-yll-5-methyl-lH-pyrrole-2-carboxamide
• N,N-dimethylformamide 3 ml
• N-hydroxybenzotriazole 0.10 g, 0.76 mmol
• l-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (0.14 g, 0.76 mmol)
• N.N- diisopropyl ethylamine (0.16 g, 1.28 mmol) was added.
• Step I Synthesis of di-fert-butyl (li?,5£6,s)-3-azabicyclo
• Step III Synthesis of Ethyl 34(li?.5£6s)-6-amino-3-azabicvclor3.1.01hex-3-v ⁇ benzoate
• Ethyl 3- ⁇ (lJ?,55',65)-6-[bis(terr-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3- yl ⁇ benzoate (0.24 g, 0.56 mmol) was treated with trifluoroacetic acid (5 ml, 20% solution in anhydrous dichloromethane) and stirred at ⁇ 25 0 C for about 16 hours. The resultant reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum to obtain viscous oil, which was triturated with cold ether and filtered to obtain the title compound as a trifluoroacetate salt (200 mg).
• Step IV Synthesis of Ethyl 3-Ff lJg.S5'.65V6- ⁇ rf3.4-d ⁇ chloro-5-methyl-lH- ⁇ yrrol-2- yl)carbonvnamino ⁇ -3-azabicyclor3.1.01hex-3-yl1benzoate
• Step II Synthesis of 3 ⁇ -dichloro-5-methyl-N-r(l&5£6s)-3-(trifIuoroacetyl)-3- azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-6-yl1- lH-pyrrole-2-carboxamide
• Step III Synthesis of JV ' -r ⁇ iZ,5.?.6j)-3-azabicvclor3.1.01hex-6-yll-3.4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH- pyrrole-2-carboxamide
• Step I Synthesis of Methyl 6-r(li-.55.foV6-(rf3.4-dichloro-5-metfayl-lH-pyrrol-2- yl)carbonyl1amino ⁇ -3-azabicyclor3.1.01hex-3-y ⁇ -2-(morpholin-4-yl)pyrimidine-4- carboxylate (Compound no. 157)
• Step II Synthesis of 6-l(li?,5 ⁇ 6.y)-6- ⁇ r(3,4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrol-2- yl)carbonyllamino ⁇ -3-azabicvclo[3.1.01hex-3-yl1-2-(morpholin-4-yl)pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid Lithium salt
• the reaction mixture was stirred at about 70 0 C for about 24 hours. On completion, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was diluted with water, acidified with cold 2N hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with water followed by brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The solid residue thus obtained was triturated with cold ether to afford the title compound (32 mg).
• Step I Synthesis of methyl 2-(4-aminopiperidin-l-ylV6-rflig,55',65V6- ⁇ [(3,4-dichloro-5- methyl-lH-pyrrol-Z-v ⁇ carbonyliaminol-S-azabicvclofS.l .Olhex-B-yllpyrimidine ⁇ - carboxylate
• Step II Synthesis of 2-(4-aminopiperidin-l-vn-6-r(17?,5 ⁇ 6 ⁇ -6- ⁇ rr3.4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH- pyrrol ⁇ -vDcarbonyllaminol-S-azabicyclofS.1.Olhex-S-yllpyrimidine ⁇ -carboxylic acid trifluoroacetate salt (Compound No. 19)
• Step 1 Synthesis of ethyl 2-Uli?.5S.6sV6-[(fe ⁇ butoxycarbonyDamino " l-3- azabic ⁇ clo[3.1.01hex-3-yl)-44(3'-chlorobiphenyl-3-yl)methyl "
• Step IT Synthesis of ethyl 2-r(l#,5£6s)-6-amino-3-azabicvclor3.1 .01hex-3-yll-4-IY3'- chlorobiphenyl-3-yl)methyl1-13-thiazole-5-carboxylate
• Step III Synthesis of ethyl 44f3'-chlorobiphenyl-3-yl)methyl1-2-r(li?.5,S'.6,y)-6- ⁇ IY3,4- dichloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrol-2-yl)carbonyllamino
• reaction mixture was stirred at ⁇ 25 0 C for about 16 hours.
• the reaction was quenched with ice-cooled water and extracted with ethyl acetate.
• the combined organic layer was washed with water followed by brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to obtain a solid residue that was purified by column choromatography (SiO 2 100-200 mesh) using 1% methanol/dichloromethane as eluent
• Step IV Synthesis of 4-r(3'-chlorobiphenyl-3-yl)methyll-2-[(1 ⁇ .5>y,6 ⁇ -6- ⁇ r(3.4-dichloro-5- methyl-lH-pyrrol ⁇ -vDcarbonynaminol-S-azabicyclop.l.Olhex ⁇ -yll-l ⁇ -thiazole-S- carboxylic acid Lithium salt
• Step 1 Synthesis of 4-r(2-r(li?.5.S'.6j')-6-(r( ' 3.4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrol-2- vDcarbonyllaminol-S-azabicvclorS.l.Olhex-S-yll-S-CethoxycarbonvD-l ⁇ -thiazol ⁇ - vUmethyDbenzoic acid
• Step II Synthesis of ethyl ⁇ -rdJg ⁇ S.feVe-irfa ⁇ -dichloro-S-metfayl-lH-pyrrol- ⁇ - yl)carbonyl1amino)-3-azabicyclor3.1.01hex-3-yll-4-r4-(ethylcarbamoyl)benzyl]-l,3-thiazole- 5-carboxylate (Compound no. 106)
• Step III Synthesis of 24(li?.5£6 ⁇ -6-f rf3 ⁇ -dichloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrol-2- yl)carbonyl1amino ⁇ -3-azabicvclor3.1.01hex-3-y ⁇ -4-[4-(ethylcarbamoyl)benzyll-U-thiazole- 5-carboxylic acid
• Step IV Synthesis of 2-rdJg.55.faV6-(r(3,4-dichloro-5- ⁇ iethyl-lH-DyrroI-2- yl)carbonyllamino)-3-azabicvclo[3.1.01hex-3-yll-4-[4-(ethylcarbamoyl)benzyll-l,3-thiazole- 5-carboxylic acid Lithium salt
• Step 1 Synthesis of ethyl 4-(3-aminobenzylV2-r(lJ? ⁇ S'.6s)-64fG.4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH- pyrrol-2-yl)carbonyllamino ⁇ -3-azabicyclor3.1.01hex-3-yll-L3-thiazole-5-carboxylate
• reaction mixture was treated with 6N sodium hydroxide solution under ice-cooled conditions to p ⁇ ⁇ 10, partitioned with dichloromethane. The combined organics were dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate, and concentrated to afford the title compound (92 mg).
• Step III Synthesis of N-r3-((2-r(li?.55',65)-6- ⁇ [(3,4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrol-2- yl)carbonvnamino ⁇ -3-azabicvclo[3.1.01hex-3-yll-5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-U-thiazol-4- y 1 ⁇ methvDpheny 11 glycine A mixture of ethyl 2-[(li?,55',65)-6- ⁇ [(3,4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrol-2- yl)carbonyl]amino ⁇ -3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl]-4- ⁇ 3-[(2-methoxy-2- oxoethyl)amino]benzyl ⁇ -l,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate
• Step I Synthesis of ethyl 4-(3-aminobenzyl)-2-rfli-.55.6.yV6-(r(3,4-dichloro-S-methyl-lH- pyrrol-2-yl)carbonyllamino ⁇ -3-azabicvclor3.1.Olhex-3-yll-l ,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate Procedure same as Step I, Example 14
• Step II Synthesis of ethyl 4-r3-(acetylammo)benzyl1-2-rd ⁇ .5 ⁇ 6.y)-6- ⁇ r(3,4-dichloro-5- methyl-lH-pyrrol ⁇ -vDcarbonyllaminol-S-azabicyclorS.l .Olhex-S-vn-l.S-thiazole-S- carboxylate
• Step III Synthesis of 4-r3-(acetylamino > )benzyll-2-r(li?,55',6.y)-6- ⁇ rr3.4-dichloro-5-methyl- lH-pyrrol-2-yl)carbonvnamino)-3-azabicvclor3.1.01hex-3-yll-l,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
• Step I Synthesis of ethyl 4-(3-aminobenzylV2-r ⁇ ff.5£6s)-6- ⁇ r(3,4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH- pyrrol-2-vOcarbonyll amino ⁇ -3 -azabicycloB .1.Olhex-3-yli - 1 ,3 -thiazole-5-carboxylate
• Step II Synthesis of ethyl 2-K1 ⁇ .55'.6 ⁇ -6-(rr3.4-dichloro-5-methyl-lH-pyrrol-2- y l)carbonyll amino ⁇ -3 -azabicyclo [3.1.Olhex-3 - yll -4- ⁇ 3 - IYe thy lcarbamoy l)amino]benzyl 1-1,3- thiazole-5-carboxylate
• Gyrase supercoiling assays was performed as described by Inspiralis, Norwich, UK (Inspiralis Product No. #G1001). Samples (30 ⁇ l) containing 1 unit of DNA gyrase and 0.5 ⁇ g of relaxed pBR322 DNA in assay buffer (35 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 24 mM KCl, 4 mM MgCl 2 , 2 mM DTT, 1.8 mM spermidine, 1 mM ATP, 6.5% glycerol and 0.1 mg/ml albumin) was incubated at 37 0 C for 30 min with and without inhibitors. Samples was loaded onto 0.8% agarose gels and run in the absence of ethidium bromide. The gels was stained in ethidium bromide and visualized in Bio-rad gel doc system. The conversion or inhibition of supercoiling DNA was estimated from the bands visible and the IC 5O was calculated using Bio-Rad's Quantity one software.
• DNA relaxation assays was performed as described by Inspiralis, Norwich, UK (Inspiralis Product No. #D4001). Samples (30 ⁇ l) containing 1 unit of Topoisomerase IV and 0.4 ⁇ g of supercoiled pBR322 DNA in assay buffer (40 mM HEPES-KOH, pH 7.6, 100 mM Potassium Glutamate, 10 mM Mg acetate, 10 mM DTT, 2 mM ATP and 50 ⁇ g/ml albumin) was incubated at 37 0 C for 30 min with and without inhibitors. Samples were loaded onto 0.8% agarose gels and run in the absence of ethidium bromide. The gels was stained in ethidium bromide and visualized in Bio-rad gel doc system. The conversion or inhibition of supercoiling DNA was estimated from the bands visible and the IC 50 was calculated using Bio-Rad's Quantity one software
• the compounds provided herein showed activity (IC 50 ) between 0.125 ⁇ M - >15 ⁇ M.
• Saline suspensions was prepared from three to four isolated colonies taken from 18-24 hrs agar plates. The turbidity of the suspension was adjusted to 0.5-1.0 Mc Farland standard (1.5 x 10 8 CFU/mL). Cultures was diluted 100 times (respective medium) and 100 ⁇ l of diluted culture broth was added in wells already containing 100 ⁇ l of broth (positive control) or broth containing compound to get approximately 3-7x10 ⁇ CFU/ml. Cultures was randomly selected for CFU determination of inoculum suspensions. Micro titer plates was then incubated at 35-
• results a) The compounds described herein exhibited MIC values against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC29213), S. aureus (MRSA 562), in the range of between about 0.25 ⁇ g/mL to about 16 ⁇ g/mL. b) The compounds described herein exhibited MIC values against S. aureus (ATCC MRSA 43300) ), in the range of between about 0.5 ⁇ g/mL to about 16 ⁇ g/mL. c) The compounds described herein exhibited MIC values against S. epidermidis (ATCC 12228) in the range of between about 0.125 ⁇ g/mL to about 16 ⁇ g/mL. d) The compounds described herein exhibited MIC values against S.
• the compounds described herein exhibited MIC values against Streptococcus pyogenes (ATCC 19615) in the range of between about 2 ⁇ g/mL to about 32 ⁇ g/mL. f) The compounds described herein exhibited MIC values against Streptococcus pyogenes (2534) in the range of between about 4 ⁇ g/mL to about 32 ⁇ g/mL. g) The compounds described herein exhibited MTC values against S. viridans (659) in the range of between about 16 ⁇ g/mL.
• the compounds described herein exhibited MIC values against Streptococcus pneumoniae (ATCC 49619) in the range of between about 2 ⁇ g/mL to about 32 ⁇ g/mL. i) The compounds described herein exhibited MIC values against E.faecalis (ATCC 29212) in the range of between about 0.25 ⁇ g/mL to about 16 ⁇ g/mL. j) The compounds described herein exhibited MIC values against E.faecium (6A VRE) in the range of between about 2 ⁇ g/mL to about 16 ⁇ g/mL.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Communicable Diseases (AREA)
• Oncology (AREA)
• Pulmonology (AREA)
• Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
• Dermatology (AREA)
• Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
• Rheumatology (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=41202529

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (7)

Citations (6)

• 2009
  • 2009-07-30 US US13/056,876 patent/US20120108565A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-07-30 CA CA2732618A patent/CA2732618A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-07-30 WO PCT/IB2009/053331 patent/WO2010013222A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2009-07-30 EP EP09786764A patent/EP2326640A1/en not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (6)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events