Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
  • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
  • F28D1/05316—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
  • F28D1/05325—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with particular pattern of flow, e.g. change of flow direction
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
  • F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
  • F28D1/035—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside the conduits
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
  • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
  • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
  • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
  • F28D1/05375—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with particular pattern of flow, e.g. change of flow direction

Definitions

• Heat exchanger Method of operating the heat exchanger and use of the heat exchanger in an air conditioning system
• the invention relates to a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1, a method for operating this heat exchanger and a use of at least two of these heat exchangers in an air conditioning system.
• Capillary tubes provide good conditions for use, for example, in air / water heat exchangers. They require relatively little and inexpensive material for their production and offer a relatively large outer surface for the heat transfer and thus a multiple higher heat transfer value, for example compared with plate heat exchangers. In addition, they are corrosion resistant to water and sorption solutions.
• capillary tubes flexible plastic tube with an outer diameter of 0.5 to 5 mm.
• the capillary tubes are generally combined to form mats, the tubes being arranged at a distance of approximately 10 to 20 mm parallel to one another and having at one end a common stem for the inflow of water or another heating or cooling fluid and at the the other end are connected to a common stem for the return of the water or other heating or cooling fluid.
• the capillary tubes are held by spacers in their mutual position. Such a mat is shown for example in DE 196 40 514 Al. However, these capillary tube mats do not yet provide satisfactory efficiency for a heat exchanger. Also, the cost of materials for their production by the use of spacers is still significant.
• a heat exchanger with a capillary tube through which a fluid to be cooled or heated to be guided, wherein the capillary tube in countercurrent to the fluid is flowed through by air, the at least one higher efficiency than that Previous, having Kapillarrohrmatten using heat exchangers.
• the capillary tube register consists of at least one capillary tube mat which is formed from capillary longitudinal and capillary transverse tubes which are network-connected with each other, wherein at least the capillary longitudinal tubes are each connected to a stem for the supply or discharge of the fluid
• the heat exchange surface can be significantly increased compared to the use of only consisting of KapillarlCodesrohren mat, possibly even doubled, so that the efficiency of the heat exchanger is increased accordingly. Since the Kapillarquerrheime ensure the mutual distance of the Kapillarlnaturesrohre, also eliminates the spacers, it can be assumed that the cost of materials for the Kapillarquerrschreibe about the same for the spacers.
• the formation of the mat with capillary longitudinal and capillary transverse tubes also makes it possible to control the flow course of the fluid in the mat by blocking the passage in individual capillary longitudinal and / or transverse tubes in the desired manner.
• the mat can be provided with recesses both inside and on the edge or it can be set a meandering flow pattern in the mat. It is thereby also possible to design the supply and / or discharge line for the fluid at the respective ends of the capillary tubes shorter than the corresponding side of the mat so that the flow of the air to be cooled or heated is less impeded by the latter becomes.
• the capillary tubes of the mat can be arranged such that the capillary longitudinal and the capillary transverse tubes extend at a right angle to each other. It is more advantageous for the course of the flow However, if the Kapillarlijns- and transverse tubes intersect at a different from a right angle by 5 ° to 20 ° angle. It is particularly advantageous in this respect if capillary longitudinal and transverse tubes intersect at a right angle, but in each case are inclined by 45 ° with respect to the edges of the mat and thus with respect to the trunks. In this case, both the capillary longitudinal and the capillary transverse tubes are directly connected to the trunks.
• the outer surface of the capillary tubes may be hydrophilic or water-spreading, which is wetted as evenly as possible with water for humidification or a sorption solution for dehumidification.
• a nonwoven fabric or a layer of water-spreading material it is recommended to apply a nonwoven fabric or a layer of water-spreading material to the surface of the capillary tubes.
• the heat of evaporation required in humidification is supplied by the fluid flowing through the capillary tubes; On the other hand, in the case of air dehumidification, the fluid must absorb the corresponding condensation heat.
• the uniform wetting is required so that the required amount of sorbent solution is minimized. Since the desired heat transfer between the fluid and the air is to take place, a heat absorption by the sorption solution is disturbing that this represents a heat loss. However, this is greater, the greater the amount of sorption solution used. Therefore, the ratio of sorption solution to fluid flowing through the capillary tubes should not be more than 5%, preferably not more than 1%. However, this is only possible through one to achieve uniform wetting of the capillary tubes.
• FIG. 3 shows a capillary tube mat with shortened trunk for the discharge of the fluid
• FIG. 5 shows a capillary tube mat with capillary longitudinal and transverse tubes running at 45 ° to the trunks
• FIG. 6 shows an air heat exchanger with a plurality of parallel capillary tube mats
• Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of an air conditioner.
• FIG. 9.1 shows the top film of the capillary tube mat and the cover of the upper chamber shown in FIG. 8 in section
• FIG. 9.2 the upper chamber in FIG. 8 in section before welding the two films of the capillary tube mat
• FIG. 9.3 the upper chamber in FIG. 8 in section after welding the two films of the capillary tube mat, FIG.
• FIG. 9.4 shows a horizontal section through the chamber according to FIG. 9.3, FIG.
• Fig. 11 the top view of a heat exchanger with headers outside the surface of the capillary tube mat.
• the Kapillarlteilsrohre 1 are connected at its upper end together with a stem 3 for the supply of a fluid, preferably water, and at its lower end together with a trunk 4 for the discharge of the fluid. The fluid thus moves in the direction indicated by the arrow 5 through the
• the capillary transverse tube 2 has the same mutual distance as the capillary longitudinal tube 1, its overall length is equal to that of the capillary longitudinal tubes 1, and thus the temperature required for a heat output is the same.
• the surface available for replacement is twice as large as in a mat consisting only of capillary siphons. Accordingly, the efficiency is higher.
• the Kapillarquerrohre 2 also make it rather that the mutual distance of the Kapillarlticiansrohre 1 is not changed. Therefore, spacers are unnecessary.
• the capillary tube mat in Fig. 1 contains an inner cutout 6, which is free of capillary tubes.
• the opening at the cutout 6 capillary tubes are formed directly in front of these with Abklemmitch 7, so that no fluid escape from them, but can be redirected to an intersecting capillary tube.
• the production of the latticed capillary tube mat is relatively simple. First, two half-shells are produced, each with the contour of half capillary tubes, and then the two half-shells are welded together. The clamping of the capillary tubes can be carried out in a finished mat in such a way that the relevant capillary tube is compressed and welded by heat the compressed inner wall.
• the capillary tube according to Fig. 2 corresponds to that of FIG. 1, but this is not provided with an inner cutout, but with a peripheral cutout 8.
• the lower stem 4 for the discharge of the fluid is greatly shortened and the capillary longitudinal tubes 1 not connected to this stem are provided with cleats 7 at their lower end, so that the fluid from these flows through the capillary transverse tubes 2 to those with strain 4 bypassed capillary tubes 1 is redirected.
• barriers 9 formed by clamping are furthermore provided in the capillary longitudinal tubes 1 connected to the trunk or directly adjacent, so that the fluid flowing through them also passes to the trunk 4 only via a diversion.
• the capillary tube mat according to FIG. 4 contains two barriers 9 which are obtained by clamping capillary longitudinal tubes 1 and extend from opposite edges of the mat over half their width in the direction of the capillary transverse tubes 2.
• the flow path of the fluid is extended meandering. This may be useful if the ratio fluid / air is small, since the flow rate of the fluid should not fall below a minimum value, otherwise the heat transfer between fluid and air decreases and the flow of the fluid is uneven.
• the capillary longitudinal tubes 1 and the capillary transverse tube 2 also cross each other at a right angle, but they each extend at an angle of 45 ° relative to the trunks 3, 4 and are also respectively connected directly to these.
• the fluid thus flows from the stem 3 directly into both the capillary longitudinal tubes 1 and into the capillary transverse tubes 2, so that they are supplied to the same extent herewith and only a small fluid exchange takes place between them.
• it is ensured that the heat exchange capacity of the capillary longitudinal tubes 1 and the capillary transverse tube 2 are equal to one another, whereby an optimal efficiency is achieved.
• Fig. 6 shows the use of latticed capillary tube mats, as shown for example in Figs. 1 to 5, in an air / water heat exchanger.
• the reproduced in the side view capillary tube mats 10 are arranged parallel to each other and vertically in a housing 11.
• the respective trunks 3 of the individual mats are connected to a common feed line 12 for the water (fluid) and the respective trunks 4 of the mats 10 are connected to a common return line 13.
• the air to be heated or cooled or to be humidified or dehumidified flows parallel to the capillary tube mats 10 in countercurrent to the water, i. from bottom to top, as indicated by the arrows 14, 15, through the housing 11th
• the capillary tubes of the mats 10 are provided on their outer surface with a hydrophilic or water-spreading coating.
• a hydrophilic or water-spreading coating serves to moisten the capillary tubes of the mats 10 as evenly as possible over their entire length with the water or the sorption solution.
• a fleece-like coating has proven to be particularly advantageous.
• the configuration of the capillary tube according to FIG. 5 is more suitable than that shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, since all capillary tubes are inclined to the same extent relative to the horizontal.
• the sorbent solution absorbs moisture from the countercurrent air as it flows down the capillary tubes of the mats 10 and is conducted with the absorbed water at the lower end of the mat 10 into a receptacle. It can then be regenerated and returned to the mats. The heat generated by the condensation of the moisture contained in the air is transferred by heat exchange to the water in the capillary tubes and dissipated by this. Conversely, when air humidification for the evaporation of the
• the highest efficiency is achieved if the called water number, ie the ratio of the change in temperature of the air to the change in temperature of the water over the entire area is the same.
• This requirement is not a problem in the dry cooling of air, because the specific heat of the air remains constant as the water.
• the free heat of condensation can increase the specific heat capacity of the air to a multiple of the value of the dry air, and more so at higher air temperatures than at low.
• the residence time of the fluid (water) in the region of greater dehumidification can be prolonged by varying meandering, thereby keeping the water number for both media approximately constant.
• FIG. 7 shows schematically an air conditioning system in which two heat exchangers according to FIG. 6 are used.
• This air conditioning system extremely high heat recovery takes place, which eliminates the need for additional heating or cooling of the supply air by switching one heat exchanger each as an enthalpy exchanger for the supply air and the exhaust air.
• the supply air 16 is cooled and dehumidified in a first Enthalpieleyer 17.
• the cooling water flows through both heat exchangers. It is stored in the register of the first enthalpy exchanger 17 in the cooling and dehumidifying the supply air 16 heated.
• the cooling water is cooled again by the exhaust air 19 after it has been adiabatically cooled to its dew point temperature in a preceding humidifier. The exhaust air 19 is thereby heated and humidified and then led out of the building.
• the coated capillary tubes are subjected to sorption solution, which diffuses downwards within the coating, being enriched with water formed by condensation of atmospheric moisture.
• capillary tube mat shows a capillary tube mat with capillary longitudinal tubes 1 and capillary transverse tubes 2 crossing at right angles, the interspaces of which are connected to each other in the crossing points in such a way that they form a coherent space. There is no connection of the interior of the capillary tubes to the outside at the edges of the capillary tube mat.
• the capillary mat Within the area occupied by the capillary mat are two chambers 20 and 21, on the one hand for the supply of a fluid into the interior of the capillary tubes and on the other hand for the discharge of the fluid from these.
• the chambers 20 and 21 are interrupted in each case to these leading or away from these Kapillarlashess- and transverse tubes, ie in the upper chamber 20 two longitudinal tubes 1 and two transverse tubes 2 and in the lower chamber 21 three longitudinal tubes 1 and two transverse tubes 2.
• the chambers 20 and 21 are additionally provided with a respective connection, not shown, for the supply or discharge of the fluid from / to the outside;
• the chamber 20 is connected via the connection with a supply line and the chamber 21 via the connection with a discharge line.
• the location and size of the chambers is chosen so that the fluid flowing through the capillary tube mat distributed as evenly as possible over this.
• several smaller chambers may be provided at different locations of the capillary tube mat for the supply and / or discharge of the fluid.
• the size and distribution of the chambers is essentially determined by the amount of fluid passed through the capillary tube mat and the allowable pressure drop.
• FIGS. 9.1 to 9.4 The construction of, for example, the chamber 20 is shown in FIGS. 9.1 to 9.4 shown. It is assumed that the capillary tube mat is not made of individual tubes, but consists of two continuous plastic films, of which have a corresponding to the course of the capillary tubes elevations and the other complementary concave depressions. To produce the capillary tube mat are Foils welded together over the entire surface, wherein a survey and a depression each form a capillary tube. At the edge of the mat, the relevant capillary tube can be compressed and heat-sealed, the compressed inner wall, so that the connection is interrupted to the outside.
• FIG. 9.1 shows a part of only the upper foil 22 with elevations, which respectively form the upper half 1.1 of the capillary longitudinal tubes 1 and the upper half 2.1 of the capillary transverse tubes 2.
• the film 22 is cut out, wherein the square cutout 23 extends over two longitudinal capillary tubes 1 and perpendicularly over two capillary transverse tubes 2.
• a cover 24 is set, the side walls form a square and surround the cutout 23.
• the underside of the sidewalls is matched to the contour of the film 22, i. in the areas between capillary tubes it is flat and provided in the region of the capillary tubes with the elevations corresponding recesses.
• the cover 24 is preferably made of plastic and is welded fluid-tight with the film 22.
• Fig. 9.2 shows a corresponding part of the lower film 25 with the elevations in the film 22 corresponding recesses, each forming the lower half 1.2 of the Kapillarlssensrohre 1 and the lower half 2.2 of the Kapillarquerrohre 2.
• the lower film 25 is continuous, ie without a cutout 23 in the upper film 22 corresponding cutout. Therefore, when the lower film 25 is applied and welded to the upper film 22 as shown in FIG. 9.2, not only the capillary longitudinal and transverse pipes 1, 2 are bent. forms, but also the chambers 20 and 21 are closed from below.
• 9.3 shows the closed chamber 20 after the foils 22 and 25 have been welded together. Since inside the chamber 20 the upper foil 22 has been cut out, there is a connection between the interior of the chamber 20 and the interior of the capillary longitudinal opening into the chamber. and cross tubes. Since the cover 24 is additionally provided with a connection, not shown, for connection via a caulking tube to a fluid source or fluid sink, the capillary tube mat can be supplied with fluid or fluid can be withdrawn from the chamber via the chamber 20.
• the formation of the connections can be very diverse, they can be arranged in the side wall or the ceiling of the chamber 20.
• the films 22 and 25 have a thickness of only 0.2 to 0.3 mm.
• the capillary tubes formed from the semicircular elevations and depressions have an inner diameter of, for example, 1.0 mm.
• the tensile stress occurring in the film is proportional to the film thickness, the inner diameter and the inner pressure.
• the film thickness for example, is designed so that it is not exceeded at an internal pressure of 10 bar for the film material, which is usually polypropylene, allowed maximum tension. This then applies to the respective inner diameter of the capillary tubes; if, on the other hand, the inside diameter is doubled, the film thickness must also be doubled so that the tension remains the same.
• the cutout in the film 22 in the region of the chambers effectively causes an enlargement of the inner diameter of the film 25 to the inner spacing of two opposite side walls of the cover 24. This has a corresponding increase in the tension in the film 25 result. Accordingly, the film 25 would have to be thickened accordingly in the region of the chambers. Since this production technology would lead to considerable difficulties, one could train the film 25 correspondingly thicker over the entire length, but this leads to a greatly increased cost of materials.
• the cover 24 has, depending on its size, at least one tie rod 26 inside, the upper end of which is fixed in the cover 24, and the lower end thereof, which extends beyond the thickness of the film 22 beyond the side walls of the cover 24 protrudes down, is welded to the film 25.
• the tie rod 26 is therefore preferably formed integrally with the cover 24 and is made of the same material as these.
• the plan view of a horizontal section through the chamber according to FIG. 9.4 shows that the tie rod 26 has a cross section corresponding to the flat region of the film 25, that of two adjacent lower halves 1.2 of the capillary longitudinal tubes 1 and two adjacent lower halves 2.2 of the capillary transverse tube 2 is bounded. This flat area is thus connected over its entire surface to the tie rod 26.
• the number of Tie rod 26 depends on the size of the respective chamber, ie the number of flat areas of the film 25 enclosed by the cover 24.
• the chamber 21 in FIG. 8 accordingly has two tie rods 26.
• the tie rods 26 have the effect that the tension in the film 25 in the region of the chambers does not increase and that bulging of the film 25 is prevented by the fluid pressure inside the chambers.
• the capillary tube mat is produced in such a way that first the cover 24 and the tie rod 26 are welded to the upper film 22 and only then the cutout 23 is made, then only the corresponding Kapillarlhacks- and transverse tubes 1, 2 cut out, while the between the cut-out tubes lying flat part of the film 22 remains under the tie rod 26 and subsequently welded to the lower film 25.
• the upper end of the tie rods 26 may, as shown in FIGS. 9.1 to 9.3, on the ceiling of the cover 24, or, as shown in FIG. 10, be attached to a transverse web 27 carried by opposite side walls.
• the crosspiece 27 must not hinder the flow of fluid between capillary tubes and the connecting line.
• the embodiment according to FIG. 11 can be advantageous if it does not make sense for reasons of space, the covers protruding from the mat plane as well as the inside of the mat surface, but even if used outside of the mat plane running fluid supply lines. This is the case, for example, when the mats are used in air heat exchangers in which several mats are arranged closely behind one another.
• the crossing capillary tubes are closed on the longitudinal sides of the mat. At the end faces, the two intersecting capillary tubes are unlocked and are led out of the mat surface as a common connecting tube 28.
• the number of connecting tubes 28 on each end face is thus greater than the number of capillary tubes forming the mat, i. the Kapillarlssensrohre 1 and the Kapillarquerrohre 2, reduced to half.
• the connecting pipes 28 in turn are interconnected via transverse tubes 29 in the most advantageous manner for the respective application, with the aim of further reducing the number of tubes.
• FIG. 11 shows forty mat tubes 1, 2, twenty connecting tubes 28 and finally five transverse tubes 29.
• the free ends of the cross tubes 29 are guided so that they run parallel to each other and open in the closest possible mutual distance in through holes in the wall of a stem tube 30. The distance can be kept very low by inserting the tube ends into the through-holes and then welding the tube ends within the through-holes to the wall thereof.
• the through-holes for a capillary tube mat are arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction of the main tube 30, and the through-holes for the several successive capillary tube mats are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the main tube 30.
• the stem tube 30 on one end face of the capillary tube mats serves to supply the fluid thereto, and the stem tube 30 on the other end side of the capillary tube mats serves to discharge the fluid from them.
• the overall arrangement of the Kapillarlashes- and transverse tubes 1, 2, the connecting pipes 28 and the cross tubes 29, as shown in FIGS. 9.1 to 9.4 for the capillary tube of Fig. 1 consist of two welded together plastic films. It is particularly advantageous for manufacturing reasons, when the Kapillarlashess- and transverse tubes 1, 2, the connecting pipes 28 and the transverse tubes 29 have the same inner diameter. The flow rate of the fluid in these tubes is then different according to the ratio of their number.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

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Citations (7)

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• 2009
  • 2009-07-20 RU RU2011101511/06A patent/RU2011101511A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2009-07-20 BR BRPI0915976A patent/BRPI0915976A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-07-20 EP EP09777582A patent/EP2307839A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-07-20 CN CN2009801362670A patent/CN102187169A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-07-20 WO PCT/EP2009/005566 patent/WO2010006816A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2009-07-20 US US13/054,546 patent/US20120103586A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-07-20 JP JP2011517820A patent/JP2011528425A/ja active Pending

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