WO2009150791A1 - 電池 - Google Patents
電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009150791A1 WO2009150791A1 PCT/JP2009/002424 JP2009002424W WO2009150791A1 WO 2009150791 A1 WO2009150791 A1 WO 2009150791A1 JP 2009002424 W JP2009002424 W JP 2009002424W WO 2009150791 A1 WO2009150791 A1 WO 2009150791A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resistance layer
- high resistance
- battery
- sealing plate
- gasket
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical group [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 10
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 4
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical class C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910014199 BM-720H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008360 acrylonitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FTQOCZCGLMBLBG-IOBHVTPZSA-N (Z)-18-[3-[(Z)-17-carboxyheptadec-9-enyl]naphthalen-2-yl]octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)O)CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)O FTQOCZCGLMBLBG-IOBHVTPZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFRGATWKSPNXLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethoxybutane Chemical compound CCC(OC)COC VFRGATWKSPNXLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIAQMFOKAXHPNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 OIAQMFOKAXHPNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound O=S1OCCO1 WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZPSDGIEKAQVEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzodioxol-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C1OC(=O)O2 NZPSDGIEKAQVEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRMJLJFDPNJIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-difluoro-1-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F CRMJLJFDPNJIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCS(=O)(=O)C1 CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKZFQPGIDVGTLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1COC(=O)O1 GKZFQPGIDVGTLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBUOHGKIOVRDKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound CC1COCO1 SBUOHGKIOVRDKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HBJICDATLIMQTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(O)(O)=O.C(=C)C=CC=C Chemical compound C(O)(O)=O.C(=C)C=CC=C HBJICDATLIMQTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018119 Li 3 PO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012850 Li3PO4Li4SiO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012047 Li4SiO4-LiI-LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012075 Li4SiO4-LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012057 Li4SiO4—LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020346 SiS 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JKJWYKGYGWOAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) carbonate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)OCC=C JKJWYKGYGWOAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- SXWUDUINABFBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;fluoro-dioxido-oxo-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])(F)=O SXWUDUINABFBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004862 dioxolanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KLKFAASOGCDTDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCOCC KLKFAASOGCDTDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCC=CC=C AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/256—Carrying devices, e.g. belts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
- H01M50/171—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids using adhesives or sealing agents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
- H01M50/193—Organic material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery structure, and more particularly to an improvement in a battery short-circuit prevention structure.
- a cylindrical, square, or coin-type battery has a battery case made of metal or the like, an electrode group accommodated therein, and an electrolyte, and the opening of the case is sealed with a sealing plate.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode are wound or laminated via a separator to constitute an electrode group.
- the separator electrically insulates the positive electrode and the negative electrode and holds the electrolyte.
- the sealing plate In the case of a cylindrical or coin type battery, the sealing plate has a polarity different from that of the battery case. Therefore, a resin gasket is interposed between the sealing plate and the opening of the battery case to seal the battery case and insulate the sealing plate from the battery case.
- the sealing plate In the case of a square battery, the sealing plate has the same polarity as the battery case.
- the sealing plate has a through hole in the center, and a terminal portion having a polarity different from that of the battery case is inserted into the through hole.
- a gasket is interposed between the sealing plate and the terminal portion to insulate the sealing plate from the terminal portion.
- a PTC element Positive Temperature Coefficient
- a thermal fuse or the like, which is a safety element, in a battery or a circuit of a device that uses the battery as a power source.
- the PTC element and the thermal fuse interrupt the current.
- Patent Document 1 For preventing internal short circuit, it has been proposed to form a heat-resistant insulating layer between the positive electrode and the negative electrode (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 As a method for preventing a short circuit between the battery case and the internal power generation element inside the battery case, it has been proposed to form an insulating layer at a portion facing the electrode group on the inner surface of the battery case (Patent Documents 2 and 3). ).
- the present invention prevents a short circuit between the battery case and the sealing plate or a short circuit between the sealing plate and the terminal portion even if the gasket is broken, and achieves both excellent safety and high capacity.
- the purpose is to provide.
- battery X includes a battery case having a bottom, a side wall, and an upper opening, an electrode group, an electrolyte, and a sealing plate that covers the upper opening of the battery case containing the electrode group and the electrolyte.
- the electrode group includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, a gasket is interposed between the opening of the battery case and the sealing plate, and the opening of the battery case A first high resistance layer is provided between the gasket and the gasket, or a second high resistance layer is provided between the sealing plate and the gasket.
- the battery X may have both the first high resistance layer and the second high resistance layer.
- the first high resistance layer is interposed in the entire facing portion between the opening of the battery case and the gasket
- the second high resistance layer is the entire facing portion between the sealing plate and the gasket. It is preferable to intervene.
- the battery case has a step portion constricted toward the inside of the battery between the opening and the side wall facing the electrode group, and the convex surface of the step portion has a third high resistance layer.
- the open end of the battery case preferably has a fourth high resistance layer.
- battery Y includes a battery case having a bottom, a side wall, and an upper opening, an electrode group, an electrolyte, and an upper opening of the battery case containing the electrode group and the electrolyte.
- the electrode group includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode
- the sealing plate has a shape along the opening of the battery case, and has a through hole in the center. A terminal portion is inserted in the through hole, a gasket is interposed between the sealing plate and the terminal portion, and the first high resistance layer is provided between the sealing plate and the gasket. Or having a second high resistance layer between the terminal portion and the gasket.
- the battery Y may have both the first high resistance layer and the second high resistance layer.
- the first high resistance layer is preferably interposed in the entire facing portion between the sealing plate and the gasket
- the second high resistance layer is interposed in the entire facing portion between the terminal portion and the gasket. It is preferable.
- the battery Y further includes a connection plate connected to the terminal portion on the inner surface side of the sealing plate, and an internal insulating member that insulates the sealing plate and the connecting plate, and between the sealing plate and the internal insulating member, It is preferable to have three high resistance layers.
- the thickness of the first high resistance layer or the second high resistance layer is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the first high resistance layer or the second high resistance layer is made of at least one selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin, polyamide resin, polyolefin resin, polyimide resin, polyvinyl resin, silicone resin, and fluororesin. It is preferable to include.
- the first high resistance layer or the second high resistance layer includes a mixture of inorganic oxide particles and a binder. Battery X and battery Y are preferably lithium ion secondary batteries.
- a battery can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a principal part enlarged view of the cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows schematically the cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part enlarged view of the cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery of FIG. It is a principal part enlarged view of the cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery which has both a 1st high resistance layer and a 2nd high resistance layer. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows schematically the cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery which has a 3rd high resistance layer and a 4th high resistance layer.
- the battery which concerns on this embodiment is a battery case which has a bottom part, a side wall, and an upper opening, an electrode group, an electrolyte, and the sealing which covers the upper opening of the battery case which accommodated the electrode group and the electrolyte. Board.
- the electrode group includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- a gasket is interposed between the opening of the battery case and the sealing plate.
- the battery of this embodiment has a first high resistance layer between the opening of the battery case and the gasket.
- the present embodiment is particularly suitable for a cylindrical or coin type battery, but can also be applied to a square type.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the battery of FIG.
- the battery case 6 has a bottom portion, a side wall, and an upper opening. Inside the battery case 6, an electrode group sandwiched between the upper insulating plate 15a and the lower insulating plate 15b and a nonaqueous electrolyte (not shown) are accommodated.
- the upper opening of the battery case 6 is sealed by a sealing plate 7, and a gasket 8 is interposed between the opening of the battery case 6 and the sealing plate 7.
- the electrode group is configured by winding the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 with a separator 3 interposed therebetween.
- One of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 is a positive electrode, and the other is a negative electrode.
- One end of a first electrode lead 4 is connected to the first electrode 1, and one end of a second electrode lead 5 is connected to the second electrode 2.
- the other end of the second electrode lead 5 is welded to the battery case 6 at the bottom of the electrode group.
- the other end of the first electrode lead 4 is connected to the lower surface of the sealing plate 7.
- the sealing plate 7 includes a valve body 9 including an upper valve body 9 a and a lower valve body 9 b, a PTC element 10, a terminal cap 11, a filter 12, and an internal insulating member 13.
- the upper valve body 9a made of a thin metal foil is broken when the internal pressure of the battery case exceeds a predetermined value, and the gas in the battery is opened to the outside through the hole of the terminal cap 11 and the current is cut off.
- a PTC element 10 is interposed between the terminal cap 11 and the valve body 9. The PTC element 10 cuts off the current when an excessive current flows and becomes high temperature.
- the electrode group side of the valve body 9 is covered with a filter 12.
- a PTC element 10 is interposed between the terminal cap 11 and the filter 12, and the filter 12 and the terminal cap 11 are insulated from each other by an internal insulating member 13. Thereby, since the current flowing from the first electrode terminal (terminal cap 11) surely passes through the PTC element 10, it is possible to more reliably cut off the current at the time of abnormality.
- a first high resistance layer 14 a is formed between the opening of the battery case 6 and the gasket 8. Thereby, even when the gasket 8 is damaged, the battery case 6 and the sealing plate 7 are insulated by the first high resistance layer 14a. At this time, it is preferable that the first high-resistance layer 14a is interposed in the entire facing portion between the opening of the battery case 6 and the gasket 8. Thereby, since the effect which suppresses a short circuit improves, the battery which has the more outstanding safety
- the first high resistance layer has a high adhesive strength to the battery case so that a step for fixing the sealing plate to the battery case is formed or when the first high resistance layer is caulked, the first high resistance layer does not crack or fall off. It is preferable.
- the first high resistance layer may be formed on the inner surface of the opening of the battery case, or may be formed on the surface of the gasket.
- the first high resistance layer is preferably formed on the inner surface of the opening of the battery case.
- the method for forming the first high resistance layer is not particularly limited.
- a method of applying a paste, which is a precursor of the first high resistance layer, to an opening or a gasket of a battery case and drying, sputtering or vapor deposition of an insulating inorganic oxide, and the first high resistance layer to the opening of the battery case The method of electrodepositing is mentioned.
- the cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery is produced, for example, by the following method.
- the electrode group is sandwiched between the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate and accommodated in the battery case.
- the other end of the first electrode lead is connected to the bottom surface of the sealing plate.
- the other end of the second electrode lead is connected to the inner bottom surface of the battery case.
- a nonaqueous electrolyte is injected into the battery case.
- the cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery is completed by caulking the opening of the battery case to the sealing plate via the gasket.
- the battery according to this embodiment does not have the first high resistance layer between the opening of the battery case and the gasket, but the second high resistance layer between the sealing plate and the gasket. Have Thereby, even when the gasket is damaged, the second high resistance layer suppresses a short circuit between the sealing plate and the battery case, so that a battery having excellent safety can be obtained.
- the rest of the configuration is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the present embodiment is particularly suitable for a cylindrical or coin type battery, but can also be applied to a square type.
- FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of the battery of FIG.
- a second high resistance layer 14 b is formed between the sealing plate 7 and the gasket 8.
- the second high-resistance layer 14b is interposed in the entire facing portion between the sealing plate 7 and the gasket 8.
- the second high resistance layer may be the same as the first high resistance layer, for example.
- the second high resistance layer may be formed on the surface of the sealing plate, or may be formed on the surface of the gasket.
- the second high resistance layer is preferably formed on the surface of the sealing plate, for example, on the outer peripheral edge of the filter 12 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the method for forming the second high resistance layer is not particularly limited.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of the cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment.
- the battery shown in FIG. 5 has a first high resistance layer 14 a between the opening of the battery case 6 and the gasket 8, and a second high resistance layer 14 b between the sealing plate 7 and the gasket 8.
- the first high resistance layer is interposed in the entire facing portion between the battery case and the gasket, and the second high resistance layer is interposed in the entire facing portion between the sealing plate and the gasket. .
- the battery according to the present embodiment has basically the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except that both the first high resistance layer and the second high resistance layer are included, detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the first high resistance layer is formed in the opening of the battery case, and the second high resistance layer is formed in the sealing plate. Moreover, it is more preferable that both the first high resistance layer and the second high resistance layer are insulating layers.
- the battery according to the present embodiment further includes at least one of a third high resistance layer or a fourth high resistance layer in addition to the first high resistance layer or the second high resistance layer.
- FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery having a third high resistance layer and a fourth high resistance layer.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a main part of the battery of FIG.
- the battery shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 has a stepped portion constricted toward the inside of the battery between the opening and the side wall facing the electrode group, and the convex surface of the stepped portion is the third high resistance layer 14c. And has a fourth high resistance layer 14d at the opening end.
- the battery according to this embodiment basically has the same structure as that of the first to third embodiments except that it has at least one of the third high resistance layer and the fourth high resistance layer. Omitted.
- the battery according to the present embodiment has a stepped portion narrowed toward the inside of the battery between the opening and the side wall facing the electrode group, and the convex surface of the stepped portion has the third high resistance layer. .
- the opening end according to the present embodiment has a fourth high resistance layer. As a result, even when the gasket is thinned due to the biting of foreign matter or is damaged, the high resistance layer can prevent a short circuit between the battery case and the sealing plate.
- the third high resistance layer and the fourth high resistance layer may be formed individually, or may be formed integrally with the first high resistance layer. Especially, it is preferable to form so that it may become integral with a 1st high resistance layer from a viewpoint of simplifying a manufacturing process.
- the battery of FIG. 6 has both the third high resistance layer 14c and the fourth high resistance layer 14d, but only one of them may be formed.
- the method for forming the third high resistance layer and the fourth high resistance layer is not particularly limited. For example, a method of applying a paste which is a precursor of the third high resistance layer and the fourth high resistance layer to a predetermined position of the battery case and drying, sputtering or vapor deposition of an insulating inorganic oxide, a predetermined position of the battery case And a method of electrodepositing the third high resistance layer and the fourth high resistance layer.
- a battery according to this embodiment includes a battery case having a bottom portion, a side wall, and an upper opening, an electrode group, an electrolyte, and an upper cover of the battery case containing the electrode group and the electrolyte. Board.
- the electrode group includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the sealing plate has a shape along the opening of the battery case and has a through hole in the center. A terminal portion is inserted into the through hole. A gasket is interposed between the sealing plate and the terminal portion.
- the battery of this embodiment has a first high resistance layer between the sealing plate and the gasket.
- the present embodiment is particularly suitable for a square battery, but can also be applied to a cylindrical battery.
- FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an example of a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a main part of the prismatic lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment.
- Battery case 20 has a bottom portion, a side wall, and an upper opening.
- An electrode group 21 and a non-aqueous electrolyte (not shown) are accommodated in the battery case 20.
- the upper opening of the battery case 20 is sealed by a sealing plate 25, and the opening and the sealing plate 25 are joined by welding.
- the sealing plate 25 has a shape along the opening of the battery case 20 and has a through hole in the center. A terminal portion 27 is inserted into the through hole, and a gasket 26 is interposed between the sealing plate 25 and the terminal portion 27.
- the sealing plate 25 has a valve body 32 that is torn when the internal pressure of the battery case 20 exceeds a predetermined value.
- a first high resistance layer 28 a is interposed between the hole of the sealing plate 25 and the gasket 26.
- the first electrode lead 22 is connected to the bottom surface of the sealing plate 25, and the second electrode lead 23 is connected to the terminal portion 27 via the connection plate 31.
- the sealing plug 29 seals the liquid injection hole.
- An insulator 24 for preventing a short circuit between the battery case 20 and the first electrode lead 22 or the second electrode lead 23 is installed on the electrode group 21.
- the sealing plate 25 and the connection plate 31 are insulated by the internal insulating member 30.
- the electrode group and the first high resistance layer can be the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the first high resistance layer may be formed on the sealing plate or may be formed on the surface of the gasket. Especially, it is preferable that the 1st high resistance layer is formed in the sealing board.
- the first high resistance layer is formed on the sealing plate.
- the method for forming the first high resistance layer is not particularly limited.
- a method of applying a paste, which is a precursor of the first high resistance layer, to a sealing plate or a gasket and drying, a method of sputtering or vapor-depositing an insulating inorganic oxide, a method of electrodepositing the first high resistance layer on the sealing plate, etc. Is mentioned.
- a square lithium ion secondary battery is produced by the following method, for example.
- the terminal portion is caulked and fixed to the through hole in the center of the sealing plate via a gasket, an internal insulating member, and a connection plate.
- a first high resistance layer is provided between the sealing plate and the gasket.
- the first electrode is connected to the lower surface of the sealing plate, and the second electrode is connected to the connection plate.
- the electrode group is accommodated in the battery case, the sealing plate is disposed in the opening of the battery case, and the sealing plate is welded to the battery case. Thereafter, an electrolytic solution is injected from the liquid injection hole, and finally, the liquid injection hole is sealed with a plug to complete a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery.
- the battery according to this embodiment does not have the first high resistance layer between the sealing plate and the gasket, but has the second high resistance layer between the terminal portion and the gasket. Thereby, even when the gasket is damaged, the second high resistance layer suppresses a short circuit between the sealing plate and the terminal portion, so that a battery having excellent safety can be obtained.
- the configuration is basically the same as that of the fifth embodiment described above, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the present embodiment is particularly suitable for a square battery, but can also be applied to a cylindrical battery.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a main part of the prismatic lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment.
- a second high resistance layer 28 b is formed between the terminal portion 27 and the gasket 26. Thereby, even when the gasket 26 is damaged, the insulation between the sealing plate 25 and the terminal portion 27 is maintained by the second high resistance layer 28b. At this time, it is preferable that the second high resistance layer 28b is interposed in the entire portion of the terminal portion 27 and the gasket 26 facing each other.
- the second high resistance layer can be the same as the first high resistance layer.
- the second high resistance layer may be formed on the surface of the terminal portion, or may be formed on the surface of the gasket.
- the second high resistance layer is preferably formed on the surface of the terminal portion.
- the method for forming the second high resistance layer is not particularly limited.
- a method of applying a paste, which is a precursor of the second high resistance layer, to the terminal portion or gasket and drying, a method of sputtering or vapor deposition of an insulating inorganic oxide, a method of electrodepositing the second high resistance layer on the terminal portion, etc. Is mentioned.
- a battery according to this embodiment has both a first high resistance layer and a second high resistance layer. Thereby, a short circuit can be suppressed further and the battery which has the more outstanding safety
- the first high resistance layer is interposed in the entire facing portion between the sealing plate and the gasket, and the second high resistance layer is interposed in the entire facing portion between the terminal portion and the gasket. Thereby, the effect which suppresses a short circuit improves and the battery which has the more outstanding safety
- the battery according to the present embodiment has basically the same configuration as that of the fifth embodiment except that both the first high resistance layer and the second high resistance layer are included, detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the first high resistance layer is preferably formed on the sealing plate, and the second high resistance layer is preferably formed on the terminal portion. Moreover, it is more preferable that both the first high resistance layer and the second high resistance layer are insulating layers.
- the battery according to this embodiment is provided between the sealing plate 25 and the internal insulating member 30 as shown in FIG. A third high resistance layer 33 is provided. Thereby, even if an internal insulating member is damaged, a short circuit between the sealing plate and the connection plate can be suppressed. Since the battery according to this embodiment has basically the same configuration as that of the fifth to seventh embodiments except that the battery has the third high resistance layer, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the first high-resistance layer, the second high-resistance layer, the third high-resistance layer, and the fourth high-resistance layer may all use the same high-resistance layer.
- a resistive layer may be used.
- the high resistance layer has a current value that is less than the allowable range. It has a sufficient resistivity.
- the resistivity of the high resistance layer is preferably 100 ⁇ ⁇ m or more. More preferably, the high resistance layer is an insulating layer.
- the high resistance layer is not particularly limited, but various resin materials are preferably used from the viewpoint of having a sufficient resistivity and being chemically stable.
- the resin material include epoxy resin, polyamide resin, polyolefin resin, polyimide resin, polyvinyl resin, silicone resin, and fluorine resin.
- the polyolefin resin include a polyethylene resin and a polypropylene resin. Only one type of resin material may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the inorganic oxide particles are preferably insulating inorganic oxide particles.
- the inorganic oxide particles preferably include at least one selected from the group consisting of alumina, magnesia, silica, and titania, and particularly preferably include alumina.
- the binder include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), modified acrylonitrile rubber particles (for example, “BM-500B (trade name)” manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.), and the like.
- a thickener When PTFE or modified acrylonitrile rubber particles are used as a binder, it is preferable to use a thickener in combination.
- the thickener include carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyethylene oxide (PEO), modified polyacrylonitrile rubber (for example, “BM-720H (trade name)” manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.), and the like.
- the heat resistance of the high resistance layer is improved, and the safety of the battery is improved.
- the average particle size of the inorganic oxide particles is preferably 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m, for example.
- the content of the binder is preferably 10 to 80% by weight. Further, the high resistance layer may not contain a binder.
- the thickness of the high resistance layer is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less. If the thickness of the high resistance layer is less than 1 ⁇ m, there may be cases where insulation when the gasket is damaged, for example, insulation between the battery case and the sealing plate cannot be maintained. On the other hand, when the thickness of the high resistance layer exceeds 100 ⁇ m, the volume of the high resistance layer in the battery becomes large, and the energy density of the battery may be insufficient.
- the thickness of the high resistance layer is more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the shape of the battery is not limited to a cylindrical shape or a square shape, and may be a coin shape, for example.
- the bottom of the battery may have the same structure as the upper opening.
- the opening may be sealed with a gasket and a sealing plate.
- the battery may be a large battery used for an electric vehicle or the like.
- the electrode group included in the battery of the present invention may be a wound type or a laminated type.
- the positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
- the positive electrode active material layer includes a positive electrode active material as an essential component, and includes a conductive agent, a binder, and the like as optional components.
- the positive electrode active material is an olivine type lithium phosphate represented by a general formula: LiMPO 4 (M is at least one selected from the group consisting of V, Fe, Ni and Mn), and a general formula: Li 2 MPO.
- lithium fluorophosphate represented by 4 F M is at least one selected from the group consisting of V, Fe, Ni and Mn.
- Examples of the conductive agent include carbon materials such as graphite of natural graphite and artificial graphite, carbon blacks such as acetylene black, ketjen black, furnace black, lamp black and thermal black, and conductive fibers such as carbon fiber and metal fiber. , Metal powders such as carbon fluoride and aluminum, conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate, conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide, and organic conductive materials such as phenylene derivatives. Only one type of conductive agent may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- binder examples include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, aramid resin, polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid methyl ester, and polyacrylic acid.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- aramid resin polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid methyl ester, and polyacrylic acid.
- Ethyl ester polyacrylic acid hexyl ester, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid methyl ester, polymethacrylic acid ethyl ester, polymethacrylic acid hexyl ester, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyether, polyether sulfone, hexafluoropolypropylene, Styrene butadiene rubber, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like can be used.
- a copolymer containing the material may be used.
- a binder may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include aluminum (Al), carbon, and conductive resin.
- the positive electrode current collector may be surface-treated with carbon or the like.
- the negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
- the negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material as an essential component and a binder or the like as an optional component.
- a carbon material such as graphite, a metal such as silicon or tin, which reversibly occludes and releases lithium ions, or an alloy or compound thereof can be used.
- a negative electrode active material may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the binder for the negative electrode is not particularly limited.
- the same binder as that exemplified as the positive electrode binder can be used.
- the current collector for the negative electrode is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include metal foils such as stainless steel, nickel, copper, and titanium, and carbon and conductive resin thin films.
- the negative electrode current collector may be surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or the like.
- non-aqueous electrolyte examples include a liquid non-aqueous electrolyte containing a non-aqueous solvent and a solute dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent, and a polymer electrolyte containing a liquid non-aqueous electrolyte and a polymer compound.
- the solute is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected in consideration of, for example, a redox potential.
- Preferred solutes include, for example, LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiAlCl 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiSCN, LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiNCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , lower aliphatic lithium carboxylate, LiF , LiCl, LiBr, LiI, chloroborane lithium, bis (1,2-benzenediolate (2-)-O, O ') lithium borate, bis (2,3-naphthalenedioleate (2-)-O, O ′) lithium borate, bis (2,2′-biphenyldiolate (2-)-O, O ′) lithium borate, bis (5-fluoro-2-olate-1-benzenesulfonic acid-O, O ') Borates such as lithium borate, LiN (CF
- the non-aqueous solvent is not particularly limited.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte may contain an additive.
- the additive is not particularly limited.
- An additive may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte may be a solid electrolyte containing a polymer material, or may be a gel electrolyte containing a non-aqueous solvent.
- the polymer material include polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyphosphazene, polyaziridine, polyethylene sulfide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyhexafluoropropylene.
- a gel-like non-aqueous electrolyte When using a gel-like non-aqueous electrolyte, a gel-like non-aqueous electrolyte may be disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode instead of the separator. Alternatively, the gel-like non-aqueous electrolyte may be disposed adjacent to the separator.
- An inorganic material such as 2 S—SiS 2 or a phosphorus sulfide compound may be used as the solid electrolyte.
- separator polyethylene, polypropylene, a mixture of polyethylene and polypropylene, or a copolymer of ethylene and propylene, an aramid resin, an amide imide, polyphenylene sulfide, a nonwoven fabric containing at least one selected from the group consisting of polyimide, A microporous membrane etc. are mentioned.
- the separator is impregnated with a liquid non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the inside or the surface of the separator may contain a heat resistant filler such as alumina, magnesia, silica, titania.
- a heat-resistant layer containing the above heat-resistant filler and a binder similar to the binder for the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be formed.
- the heat-resistant layer may be formed on any surface of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator.
- the battery case is made of metal, for example, and includes a battery case containing iron, nickel, nickel-plated iron, copper, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, or the like.
- the present invention is most effective when applied to a lithium ion secondary battery having a high output and a high energy density, but a battery to which the present invention can be applied is not limited to a lithium ion secondary battery.
- a battery to which the present invention can be applied is not limited to a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the same effect can be obtained when applied to alkaline secondary batteries, dry batteries, and lithium primary batteries.
- Example 1 Production of positive electrode Lithium cobaltate (LiCoO 2 ) having an average particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m was used as a positive electrode active material. 100 parts by weight of a positive electrode active material, 8 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a binder, 3 parts by weight of acetylene black as a conductive agent, and an appropriate amount of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) The mixture was mixed to prepare a positive electrode mixture paste.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- a positive electrode mixture paste was applied to both sides of an aluminum foil having a length of 600 mm, a width of 54 mm, and a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, which was a positive electrode current collector, except for the connecting portion of the positive electrode lead, and dried to prepare a positive electrode.
- the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer formed on one surface of the positive electrode current collector was 70 ⁇ m.
- the lead connection portion of the positive electrode (exposed portion of the positive electrode current collector) was provided at the end portion on the winding start side of the electrode group.
- One end of the positive electrode lead was connected to the exposed portion of the positive electrode current collector by ultrasonic welding.
- an aluminum lead having a length of 50 mm, a width of 3 mm, and a thickness of 0.1 mm was used.
- An appropriate amount of 100 parts by weight of a negative electrode active material, 1 part by weight of a styrene-butadiene copolymer (BM-400B manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) as a binder, and 1 part by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose as a thickener was mixed with water to prepare a negative electrode mixture paste.
- a negative electrode mixture paste was applied to both sides of a copper foil having a length of 630 mm, a width of 56 mm, and a thickness of 10 ⁇ m, which was a negative electrode current collector, except for the connection portion of the negative electrode lead, and dried to prepare a negative electrode.
- the thickness of the negative electrode active material layer formed on one surface of the negative electrode current collector was 65 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode lead connection portion (exposed portion of the negative electrode current collector) was provided at an end portion on the winding end side of the electrode group.
- One end of the negative electrode lead was connected to the exposed part of the negative electrode current collector by ultrasonic welding.
- a copper lead having a length of 50 mm, a width of 3 mm, and a thickness of 0.1 mm was used.
- an iron cylindrical case having a bottom, a side wall, and an upper opening was used as the battery case.
- the high resistance layer paste was applied to the inner surface of the opening of the cylindrical battery case, and then dried for 10 hours under a vacuum at 120 ° C.
- a first high resistance layer having a width of 5 mm and a thickness of 20 ⁇ m was formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical battery case along the opening.
- a sealing plate was produced by fixing an aluminum valve body, a PTC element, and a nickel terminal cap (positive terminal) with an aluminum filter through a polypropylene internal insulating member.
- the electrode group was sandwiched between an upper insulating plate and a lower insulating plate and housed in a battery case.
- the other end of the positive electrode lead was connected to the bottom surface of the sealing plate by laser welding.
- the other end of the negative electrode lead was connected to the inner bottom surface of the battery case by resistance welding.
- a stepped portion for sealing was formed at a position 5 mm from the opening of the battery case.
- the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate were both made of polypropylene. Thereafter, 5 g of nonaqueous electrolyte was injected into the battery case.
- the opening of the battery case was sealed by caulking the opening of the battery case with a sealing plate via a polypropylene gasket.
- a crack having a length of 3 mm was made in the gasket in an area in contact with the opening of the battery case.
- a cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery having a diameter of 18 mm, a height of 65 mm, and a design capacity of 2600 mAh was produced.
- Example 2 The high resistance layer paste was applied to the convex surface of the stepped portion of the battery case, and then dried for 10 hours under a vacuum at 120 ° C. Thus, a third high resistance layer having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m was formed on the convex surface of the step portion of the cylindrical battery case.
- a cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above battery case was used.
- Example 3 After the high resistance layer paste was applied to the open end of the battery case, it was dried at 120 ° C. under vacuum under reduced pressure for 10 hours. As a result, a fourth high resistance layer having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m was formed at the opening end of the cylindrical battery case.
- a cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above battery case was used.
- Example 4 The high resistance layer paste was applied to the opening end of the battery case, the opening of the battery case, and the convex surface of the step of the battery case, and then dried under vacuum at 120 ° C. for 10 hours. Thus, the first high resistance layer, the third high resistance layer, and the fourth high resistance layer having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m were formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical battery case.
- a cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above battery case was used.
- Example 5 The high resistance layer paste was not applied to the inner surface of the opening of the battery case. Among the sealing plates, a high resistance layer paste was applied to the outer peripheral edge of the filter and dried under a vacuum at 120 ° C. for 10 hours to form a second high resistance layer on the sealing plate. The thickness of the second high resistance layer was 20 ⁇ m. Except for the above, a cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery not having the first high resistance layer and having the second high resistance layer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 6 Among the sealing plates, a high resistance layer paste was applied to the outer peripheral edge of the filter and dried under a vacuum at 120 ° C. for 10 hours to form a second high resistance layer on the sealing plate.
- the thickness of the second high resistance layer was 20 ⁇ m.
- a cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery having both the first high resistance layer and the second high resistance layer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the sealing plate was used.
- Comparative Example 1 A cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery having no high resistance layer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first high resistance layer was not formed between the opening of the battery case and the gasket.
- Example 7 A square battery was produced as follows. A high resistance layer paste similar to that in Example 1 was applied to a portion of the sealing plate facing the terminal portion via the gasket. Then, it was dried for 10 hours under vacuum reduced pressure at 120 ° C. Thereby, the first high resistance layer was formed on the sealing plate. The thickness of the first high resistance layer was 20 ⁇ m. The sealing plate was covered with a gasket made of PFA (tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer) and caulked at the terminals.
- PFA tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer
- the same positive electrode and negative electrode as in Example 1 were wound through the same separator as in Example 1, to produce an electrode group having a substantially elliptical cross section, and accommodated in a rectangular battery case.
- the battery case has a bottom portion, a side wall, and an upper opening, and the shape thereof is substantially rectangular.
- the thickness of the main flat part of the side wall 20b was 300 ⁇ m.
- an insulator for preventing a short circuit between the battery case and the positive electrode lead or the negative electrode lead was disposed on the upper part of the electrode group.
- a rectangular sealing plate having a terminal portion surrounded by a gasket in the center was disposed in the opening of the battery case.
- the negative electrode lead was connected to the terminal part.
- the positive electrode lead was connected to the lower surface of the sealing plate.
- the opening and the sealing plate were welded with a laser to seal the upper opening of the battery case.
- 2.5 g of the same nonaqueous electrolyte as in Example 1 was poured into the battery case from the injection hole of the sealing plate. Finally, the injection hole was closed with a plug.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery having a thickness of 5.2 mm, a height of 50 mm, a width of 34 mm, and a design capacity of 900 mAh was completed.
- Example 8 The high resistance layer paste was applied to the sealing plate without applying the high resistance layer paste to the portion of the terminal portion facing the sealing plate via the gasket. Then, it was dried for 10 hours under vacuum reduced pressure at 120 ° C. This formed the 2nd high resistance layer in the terminal part. The thickness of the second high resistance layer was 20 ⁇ m. Except for the above, a square lithium ion secondary battery having the second high resistance layer without the first high resistance layer was produced in the same manner as in Example 7.
- the battery of the present invention is particularly useful as a power source for portable electronic devices such as personal computers, mobile phones, mobile devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable game devices, and video cameras.
- PDAs personal digital assistants
- it is expected to be used as a secondary battery for assisting an electric motor, a power tool, a vacuum cleaner, a driving power source for a robot, a power source for a plug-in HEV, etc.
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Abstract
Description
電池Xにおいて、第1高抵抗層は、電池ケースの開口部とガスケットとの対向部分の全体に介在していることが好ましく、第2高抵抗層は、封口板とガスケットとの対向部分の全体に介在していることが好ましい。
電池ケースは、開口部と、電極群と対向する側壁との間に、電池の内側に向かってくびれた段部を有し、段部の凸面が、第3高抵抗層を有することが好ましい。
電池ケースの開口端部は、第4高抵抗層を有することが好ましい。
電池Yにおいて、第1高抵抗層は、封口板とガスケットとの対向部分の全体に介在していることが好ましく、第2高抵抗層は、端子部とガスケットとの対向部分の全体に介在していることが好ましい。
電池Yは、更に、封口板の内面側において端子部と接続される接続板と、封口板と接続板とを絶縁する内部絶縁部材とを含み、封口板と内部絶縁部材との間に、第3高抵抗層を有することが好ましい。
電池Yにおいて、第1高抵抗層、第2高抵抗層および第3高抵抗層よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つは、絶縁層であることが好ましい。
電池Xおよび電池Yにおいて、第1高抵抗層または第2高抵抗層の厚さは、1μm以上、100μm以下であることが好ましい。
電池Xおよび電池Yにおいて、第1高抵抗層または第2高抵抗層は、エポキシ樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリビニル樹脂、シリコーン樹脂およびフッ素樹脂よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含むことが好ましい。
電池Xおよび電池Yにおいて、第1高抵抗層または第2高抵抗層は、無機酸化物粒子と結着剤との混合物を含むことが好ましい。
電池Xおよび電池Yは、リチウムイオン二次電池であることが好ましい。
本実施形態に係る電池は、底部と側壁と上部開口とを有する電池ケースと、電極群と、電解質と、電極群および電解質を収容した電池ケースの上部開口を覆う封口板とを含む。電極群は、正極、負極および正極と負極との間に介在するセパレータを含む。電池ケースの開口部と封口板との間には、ガスケットが介在している。本実施形態の電池は、電池ケースの開口部とガスケットとの間に、第1高抵抗層を有する。これにより、ガスケットが異物の噛み込み等により薄肉化したり、あるいは万一ガスケットが破損した場合でも、第1高抵抗層により、封口板と電池ケースとの間の短絡が抑制されるため、優れた安全性を有する電池が得られる。本実施形態は、円筒型やコイン型の電池に特に適しているが、角型にも適用することができる。
電池ケース6は、底部と側壁と上部開口とを有する。電池ケース6の内部には、上部絶縁板15aおよび下部絶縁板15bにより挟持された電極群と、非水電解質(図示せず)とが収容されている。電池ケース6の上部開口は封口板7により封口されており、電池ケース6の開口部と封口板7との間にはガスケット8を介在させてある。
電極群を上部絶縁板と下部絶縁板とで挟持して、電池ケースに収容する。第1電極リードの他端は、封口板の底面に接続する。第2電極リードの他端は、電池ケースの内底面に接続する。電池ケースに封口板をかしめ固定するための段部を形成した後、電池ケースに非水電解質を注入する。ガスケットを介して、封口板に電池ケースの開口部をかしめつけることで、円筒型リチウムイオン二次電池が完成する。
本実施形態に係る電池は、電池ケースの開口部とガスケットとの間に第1高抵抗層を有さず、封口板と、ガスケットとの間に第2高抵抗層を有する。これにより、ガスケットが破損した場合でも、第2高抵抗層により、封口板と電池ケースとの間の短絡が抑制されるため、優れた安全性を有する電池が得られる。それ以外は、基本的に上記の第1実施形態と同様の構成を有するため、詳しい説明を省略する。本実施形態は、円筒型やコイン型の電池に特に適しているが、角型にも適用することができる。
図3において、封口板7とガスケット8との間には、第2高抵抗層14bが形成されている。これにより、ガスケット8が破損した場合でも、電池ケース6と封口板7とは、第2高抵抗層14bによって絶縁される。このとき、封口板7と、ガスケット8との対向部分の全体に、第2高抵抗層14bが介在していることが好ましい。これにより、短絡を抑制する効果が向上するため、より優れた安全性を有する電池が得られる。
本実施形態に係る電池は、第1高抵抗層および第2高抵抗層の両方を有する。図5は、本実施形態に係る円筒型リチウムイオン二次電池の要部拡大図である。図5に示す電池は、電池ケース6の開口部とガスケット8との間に第1高抵抗層14aを有し、封口板7とガスケット8との間に第2高抵抗層14bを有する。
図6は、第3高抵抗層および第4高抵抗層を有する円筒型リチウムイオン二次電池を概略的に示す縦断面図である。図7は、図6の電池の要部拡大図である。図6および7に示す電池は、開口部と、電極群と対向する側壁との間に、電池の内側に向かってくびれた段部を有し、段部の凸面が、第3高抵抗層14cを有し、開口端部に第4高抵抗層14dを有する。本実施形態に係る電池は、第3高抵抗層または第4高抵抗層の少なくとも一方を有すること以外は、基本的に上記の第1~3実施形態と同様の構造を有するため、詳しい説明を省略する。
本実施形態に係る電池は、底部と側壁と上部開口とを有する電池ケースと、電極群と、電解質と、電極群および電解質を収容した電池ケースの上部開口を覆う封口板とを含む。電極群は、正極、負極および正極と負極との間に介在するセパレータを含む。封口板は、電池ケースの開口部に沿った形状を有し、かつ中央に貫通孔を有する。貫通孔には端子部が挿入されている。封口板と端子部との間には、ガスケットが介在している。本実施形態の電池は、封口板とガスケットとの間に、第1高抵抗層を有する。これにより、ガスケットが破損した場合でも、第1高抵抗層により、封口板と端子部との間の短絡が抑制されるため、優れた安全性を有する電池が得られる。本実施形態は、角型の電池に特に適しているが、円筒型にも適用することができる。
電池ケース20は、底部と側壁と上部開口とを有する。電池ケース20の内部には、電極群21と、非水電解質(図示せず)とが収容されている。電池ケース20の上部開口は封口板25により封口されており、開口部と封口板25とは溶接により接合されている。
これにより、角型電池においても、封口板と端子部との短絡を抑制し、優れた安全性を有する電池が得られる。
封口板の中央の貫通孔に、ガスケット、内部絶縁部材、接続板を介して端子部をかしめ固定する。封口板とガスケットとの間には、第1高抵抗層が設けられている。その後、封口板の下面に第1電極を接続し、接続板に第2電極を接続する。
電極群を電池ケース内に収容し、封口板を電池ケースの開口に配置し、封口板を電池ケースに溶接する。その後、注液孔から電解液を注入し、最後に注液孔を封栓によって封止することで、角型リチウムイオン二次電池が完成する。
本実施形態に係る電池は、封口板とガスケットとの間に第1高抵抗層を有さず、端子部とガスケットとの間に、第2高抵抗層を有する。これにより、ガスケットが破損した場合でも、第2高抵抗層により、封口板と端子部との間の短絡が抑制されるため、優れた安全性を有する電池が得られる。それ以外は、基本的に上記の第5実施形態と同様の構成を有するため、詳しい説明を省略する。本実施形態は、角型の電池に特に適しているが、円筒型にも適用することができる。
図10において、端子部27と、ガスケット26との間には、第2高抵抗層28bが形成されている。これにより、ガスケット26が破損した場合でも、封口板25と端子部27との間の絶縁が、第2高抵抗層28bによって保たれる。このとき、端子部27と、ガスケット26との対向部分の全体に、第2高抵抗層28bが介在していることが好ましい。
本実施形態に係る電池は、第1高抵抗層および第2高抵抗層の両方を有する。これにより、さらに短絡を抑制することができ、より優れた安全性を有する電池が得られる。このとき、封口板とガスケットとの対向部分の全体に第1高抵抗層が介在しており、端子部とガスケットとの対向部分の全体に第2高抵抗層が介在していることが好ましい。これにより、短絡を抑制する効果が向上し、より優れた安全性を有する電池が得られる。本実施形態に係る電池は、第1高抵抗層および第2高抵抗層の両方を有すること以外は、基本的に上記の第5実施形態と同様の構成を有するため、詳しい説明を省略する。
本実施形態に係る電池は、第1高抵抗層または第2高抵抗層に加えて、図9に示されるように、封口板25と内部絶縁部材30との間に第3高抵抗層33を有する。これにより、万一、内部絶縁部材が損傷しても、封口板と接続板との短絡を抑制することができる。本実施形態に係る電池は、第3高抵抗層を有すること以外は、基本的に上記の第5~7実施形態と同様の構成を有するため、詳しい説明を省略する。
PTFEや変性アクリロニトリルゴム粒子を結着剤として用いる場合、増粘剤を併用することが好ましい。増粘剤としては、例えば、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)、ポリエチレンオキシド(PEO)、変性ポリアクリロニトリルゴム(例えば、日本ゼオン(株)製の「BM-720H(商品名)」)等が挙げられる。
正極は、正極用集電体と、正極活物質層とを含む。正極活物質層は、必須成分として正極活物質を含み、任意成分として導電剤、結着剤等を含む。正極活物質は、例えば、一般式:LixMyO2(M=Co、Ni、Mnなど)で表されるリチウム含有複合酸化物を含むことが好ましい。具体的なリチウム含有複合酸化物としては、例えばLiCoO2、LiNiO2、Li2MnO4等が挙げられる。正極活物質は、その他にも一般式:LiMPO4(MはV、Fe、NiおよびMnよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種)で表されるオリビン型リン酸リチウム、一般式:Li2MPO4F(MはV、Fe、NiおよびMnよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種)で表されるフルオロリン酸リチウム等が挙げられる。これらリチウム含有化合物の構成元素の一部は、異種元素で置換されてもよい。正極活物質は、その表面を金属酸化物、リチウム酸化物、導電剤等で表面処理してもよく、表面を疎水化処理してもよい。正極活物質は、1種のみ単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
セパレータの内部または表面には、アルミナ、マグネシア、シリカ、チタニアなどの耐熱性フィラーが含まれていてもよい。
(a)正極の作製
正極活物質として、平均粒径10μmのコバルト酸リチウム(LiCoO2)を用いた。100重量部の正極活物質と、結着剤であるポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)8重量部と、導電剤であるアセチレンブラック3重量部と、適量のN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)とを混合して、正極合剤ペーストを調製した。
負極活物質として、平均粒径20μmの人造黒鉛を用いた。100重量部の負極活物質と、結着剤であるスチレン-ブタジエン共重合体(日本ゼオン(株)製のBM-400B)1重量部と、増粘剤であるカルボキシメチルセルロース1重量部と、適量の水とを混合して、負極合剤ペーストを調製した。
エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとを1:1の体積比で含む混合溶媒に、溶質であるLiPF6を1.0mol/Lの濃度で溶解させて、非水電解質を調製した。
平均粒径(体積基準のメディアン径)0.3μmのアルミナ900gと、日本ゼオン(株)製の「BM-720H(商品名)」(変性ポリアクリロニトリルゴムを8重量%含むNMP溶液)1250gと、適量のNMPとを、双腕式練合機で攪拌し、高抵抗層ペーストを調製した。
正極と負極とを、厚さ20μmのポリエチレン製の微多孔膜からなるセパレータ(旭化成(株)製)を介して捲回し、電極群を作製した。電極群において、正極リードの突出方向と、負極リードの突出方向とは、逆方向とした。
電池ケースの段部の凸面に高抵抗層ペーストを塗布した後、120℃の真空減圧下で10時間乾燥させた。これにより、円筒型の電池ケースの段部の凸面に、厚さ20μmの第3高抵抗層を形成した。
上記の電池ケースを用いたこと以外、実施例1と同様にして、円筒型リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
電池ケースの開口端部に高抵抗層ペーストを塗布した後、120℃の真空減圧下で10時間乾燥させた。これにより、円筒型の電池ケースの開口端部に、厚さ20μmの第4高抵抗層を形成した。
上記の電池ケースを用いたこと以外、実施例1と同様にして、円筒型リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
電池ケースの開口端部、電池ケースの開口部および電池ケースの段部の凸面に、高抵抗層ペーストを塗布した後、120℃の真空減圧下で10時間乾燥させた。これにより、円筒型の電池ケースの内面に、厚さ20μmの第1高抵抗層、第3高抵抗層および第4高抵抗層を形成した。
上記の電池ケースを用いたこと以外、実施例1と同様にして、円筒型リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
電池ケースの開口部の内面に高抵抗層ペーストを塗布しなかった。
封口板のうち、フィルターの外周縁部に高抵抗層ペーストを塗布し、120℃の真空減圧下で10時間乾燥させ、封口板に第2高抵抗層を形成した。第2高抵抗層の厚さは20μmであった。
上記以外、実施例1と同様にして、第1高抵抗層を有さず、第2高抵抗層を有する円筒型リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
封口板のうち、フィルターの外周縁部に高抵抗層ペーストを塗布し、120℃の真空減圧下で10時間乾燥させ、封口板に第2高抵抗層を形成した。第2高抵抗層の厚さは20μmであった。
上記の封口板を用いたこと以外、実施例1と同様にして、第1高抵抗層および第2高抵抗層の両方を有する円筒型リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
電池ケースの開口部とガスケットとの間に第1高抵抗層を形成しなかったこと以外、実施例1と同様にして、高抵抗層を有さない円筒型リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
以下のようにして角型電池を作製した。
封口板のうち、ガスケットを介して端子部と対向する部分に、実施例1と同様の高抵抗層ペーストを塗布した。その後、120℃の真空減圧下で10時間乾燥させた。これにより、封口板に、第1高抵抗層を形成した。第1高抵抗層の厚さは20μmであった。
PFA(テトラフルオロエチレン-パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体)製のガスケットで封口板を被覆し、端子部でかしめた。
封口板に高抵抗層ペーストを塗布せず、端子部のうち、ガスケットを介して封口板と対向する部分に、実施例1と同様の高抵抗層ペーストを塗布した。その後、120℃の真空減圧下で10時間乾燥させた。これにより、端子部に、第2高抵抗層を形成した。第2高抵抗層の厚さは20μmであった。
上記以外、実施例7と同様にして、第1高抵抗層を有さず、第2高抵抗層を有する角型リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
各実施例および比較例の電池を、それぞれ10個ずつ作製し、以下の評価を行った。
25℃の環境温度で、各電池を高さ1.9mの位置から自由落下(最大10回)させ、短絡が発生するまでの電池の落下回数を測定し、耐落下衝撃性能とした。短絡の発生は、テスターによる正極キャップ、電池ケース間の導通検査により確認した。
また、試験直後の電池の温度を測定したところ、実施例の電池は全て30℃以下であったのに対し、比較例の電池は全て60℃以上であった。
以上より、第1高抵抗層または第2高抵抗層を形成することで、電池の安全性が更に向上することがわかった。
1a 第1集電体
1b 第1活物質層
2 第2電極
2a 第2集電体
2b 第2活物質層
3 セパレータ
4 第1電極リード
5 第2電極リード
6 電池ケース
7 封口板
8 ガスケット
9 弁体
9a 上弁体
9b 下弁体
10 PTC素子
11 端子キャップ
12 フィルター
13 内部絶縁部材
14a 第1高抵抗層
14b 第2高抵抗層
14c 第3高抵抗層
14d 第4高抵抗層
15a 上部絶縁板
15b 下部絶縁板
20 電池ケース
21 電極群
22 第1電極リード
23 第2電極リード
24 絶縁体
25 封口板
26 ガスケット
27 端子部
28a 第1高抵抗層
28b 第2高抵抗層
29 封栓
30 内部絶縁部材
31 接続板
32 弁体
33 第3高抵抗層
Claims (19)
- 底部と側壁と上部開口とを有する電池ケースと、電極群と、電解質と、前記電極群および前記電解質を収容した前記電池ケースの上部開口を覆う封口板とを含み、
前記電極群は、正極、負極および前記正極と前記負極との間に介在するセパレータを含み、
前記電池ケースの開口部と前記封口板との間には、ガスケットが介在しており、
前記電池ケースの開口部と前記ガスケットとの間に、第1高抵抗層を有し、または、
前記封口板と前記ガスケットとの間に、第2高抵抗層を有する、電池。 - 前記第1高抵抗層および前記第2高抵抗層の両方を有する、請求項1記載の電池。
- 前記電池ケースの開口部と前記ガスケットとの対向部分の全体に、前記第1高抵抗層が介在し、または、
前記封口板と前記ガスケットとの対向部分の全体に、前記第2高抵抗層が介在している、請求項1記載の電池。 - 前記電池ケースが、開口部と、電極群と対向する側壁との間に、電池の内側に向かってくびれた段部を有し、前記段部の凸面が、第3高抵抗層を有する、請求項1記載の電池。
- 前記電池ケースの開口端部が、第4高抵抗層を有する、請求項1記載の電池。
- 底部と側壁と上部開口とを有する電池ケースと、電極群と、電解質と、前記電極群および前記電解質を収容した前記電池ケースの上部開口を覆う封口板とを含み、
前記電極群は、正極、負極および前記正極と前記負極との間に介在するセパレータを含み、
前記封口板は、前記電池ケースの開口部に沿った形状を有し、かつ中央に貫通孔を有し、
前記貫通孔には、端子部が挿入されており、
前記封口板と前記端子部との間には、ガスケットが介在しており、
前記封口板と前記ガスケットとの間に、第1高抵抗層を有し、または、
前記端子部と前記ガスケットとの間に、第2高抵抗層を有する、電池。 - 前記第1高抵抗層および前記第2高抵抗層の両方を有する、請求項6記載の電池。
- 前記封口板と前記ガスケットとの対向部分の全体に、前記第1高抵抗層が介在し、または、
前記端子部と前記ガスケットとの対向部分の全体に、前記第2高抵抗層が介在している、請求項6記載の電池。 - 更に、前記封口板の内面側において前記端子部と接続される接続板と、前記封口板と前記接続板とを絶縁する内部絶縁部材とを含み、前記封口板と前記内部絶縁部材との間に、第3高抵抗層を有する、請求項6記載の電池。
- 前記第1高抵抗層または前記第2高抵抗層が、絶縁層である、請求項1記載の電池。
- 前記第1高抵抗層または前記第2高抵抗層が、絶縁層である、請求項6記載の電池。
- 前記第1高抵抗層または前記第2高抵抗層の厚さが、1μm以上、100μm以下である、請求項1記載の電池。
- 前記第1高抵抗層または前記第2高抵抗層の厚さが、1μm以上、100μm以下である、請求項6記載の電池。
- 前記第1高抵抗層または前記第2高抵抗層が、エポキシ樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリビニル樹脂、シリコーン樹脂およびフッ素樹脂よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1記載の電池。
- 前記第1高抵抗層または前記第2高抵抗層が、エポキシ樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリビニル樹脂、シリコーン樹脂およびフッ素樹脂よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、請求項6記載の電池。
- 前記第1高抵抗層または前記第2高抵抗層が、無機酸化物粒子と結着剤との混合物を含む、請求項1記載の電池。
- 前記第1高抵抗層または前記第2高抵抗層が、無機酸化物粒子と結着剤との混合物を含む、請求項6記載の電池。
- 前記電池が、リチウムイオン二次電池である、請求項1記載の電池。
- 前記電池が、リチウムイオン二次電池である、請求項6記載の電池。
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WO2014017091A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-01-30 | パナソニック株式会社 | 二次電池 |
WO2022080175A1 (ja) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-04-21 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 円筒形非水電解質二次電池 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8389153B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 |
CN101809780A (zh) | 2010-08-18 |
US20100227217A1 (en) | 2010-09-09 |
KR20100057668A (ko) | 2010-05-31 |
CN101809780B (zh) | 2013-07-24 |
KR101212829B1 (ko) | 2012-12-14 |
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