WO2009148043A2 - Appareil pour fusion et procédé de fusion l'utilisant - Google Patents

Appareil pour fusion et procédé de fusion l'utilisant Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009148043A2
WO2009148043A2 PCT/JP2009/060045 JP2009060045W WO2009148043A2 WO 2009148043 A2 WO2009148043 A2 WO 2009148043A2 JP 2009060045 W JP2009060045 W JP 2009060045W WO 2009148043 A2 WO2009148043 A2 WO 2009148043A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal
hearth
salt
molten
plasma
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2009/060045
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
WO2009148043A3 (fr
Inventor
和臣 東
誠 山口
義丈 夏目
徹 上西
Original Assignee
株式会社大阪チタニウムテクノロジーズ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社大阪チタニウムテクノロジーズ filed Critical 株式会社大阪チタニウムテクノロジーズ
Publication of WO2009148043A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009148043A2/fr
Publication of WO2009148043A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009148043A3/fr

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/04—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces of multiple-hearth type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of hearth-type furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
    • C22B34/1295—Refining, melting, remelting, working up of titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C22B4/005—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys using plasma jets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C22B4/08—Apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
    • C22B9/226—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by electric discharge, e.g. plasma
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/105—Slag chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/20—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0031—Plasma-torch heating

Definitions

  • the present invention is a melting apparatus used for separating the metal constituting the metal particles from the mixture of the metal particles and the metal salt, the melting apparatus capable of stable operation using a transfer type plasma having excellent thermal efficiency, And a dissolution method using the same.
  • Patent Document 1 a molten metal salt of CaCl 2 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “molten salt”) is held in a reaction vessel, and a metal Ca powder is supplied into the molten salt from above, to obtain a molten salt.
  • molten salt a molten metal salt of CaCl 2
  • a method is described in which Ca is dissolved therein and TiCl 4 gas is supplied from below to react dissolved Ca and TiCl 4 in a molten salt of CaCl 2 .
  • metallic Ca powder is extremely expensive, and in addition, highly reactive Ca is very difficult to handle, and this method cannot be established as an industrial metallic Ti production method.
  • the inventors of the present invention need to reduce TiCl 4 with Ca in order to establish a method for producing metal Ti by Ca reduction industrially, and economically use Ca in molten salt consumed in the reduction reaction.
  • a method of circulating and using this Ca ie, the “OYIK method (Oic method)” was proposed (Patent Documents 2 and 3). reference).
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a method in which Ca is generated and replenished by electrolysis, and molten CaCl 2 with an increased Ca concentration is introduced into a reaction vessel and used to generate Ti particles by Ca reduction.
  • Patent Document 3 further discloses a method of effectively suppressing back reaction associated with electrolysis by using an alloy electrode (for example, Mg—Ca electrode) as a cathode.
  • Back reaction refers to the reaction between Ca in the molten salt and Cl 2 generated by electrolysis when the molten salt from which Ti has been separated in the separation step is returned to the electrolytic cell, and back reaction occurs. , Current efficiency decreases.
  • Patent Document 4 describes a method for producing Ti based on the OYIK method.
  • a method for separating Ti from a molten salt containing Ti particles produced by a reduction reaction first, Ti is precipitated by centrifugal sedimentation in a high-temperature decanter.
  • a method is described in which the grains are separated from the molten salt, and then the Ti grains are heated and melted by plasma irradiated from a plasma torch in a separation tank to remove the molten salt adhering to the Ti grains.
  • the molten Ti is poured into a mold and becomes an ingot.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional melting apparatus including a separation tank and a plasma torch.
  • the hearth 10 as a separation tank is composed of a bottom surface 11 and a side surface 12, and the inside is divided into a mixture charging region 16 and a molten Ti region 17 by a skimmer 13. Both the regions 16 and 17 communicate with each other through a communication port 14 provided at the lower portion of the skimmer 13.
  • the upper edge of the side surface 12 is set higher on the mixture charging region 16 side than the molten Ti region 17 side, and a groove for discharging a fluid such as a liquid (see FIG. (Not shown) is formed.
  • a plasma torch 19 that can swing, and can irradiate the mixture charging region 16 and the molten Ti region 17 with the plasma 19a.
  • a water-cooled copper hearth is generally used.
  • ceramics such as Y 2 O 3 can be used.
  • a mixture of Ti particles generated by the reduction reaction and a molten salt containing CaCl 2 (hereinafter referred to as solid-liquid mixture 1) is charged into the mixture charging region 16 of the hearth 10.
  • the solid-liquid mixture 1 is irradiated with the plasma 19a from the plasma torch 19 and heated to the melting point of Ti or higher to bring the entire solid-liquid mixture 1 into a molten state.
  • this molten material is hold
  • the liquid level rises in the mixture charging region 16 and the molten Ti region 17 in a state where the melt is separated into two layers, and melts from the upper edge of the side wall 12 on the molten Ti region 17 side. Salt begins to drain.
  • the molten Ti region 17 is occupied by only the molten Ti7, and the molten Ti7 is discharged.
  • the liquid level rises also in the mixture charging region 16 and the liquid level becomes higher than the upper edge of the side wall 12 on the mixture charging region 16 side, the molten salt 6 starts to be discharged.
  • the plasma torch 19 used for dissolving the solid-liquid mixture 1 with the hearth 10 a plasma can be generated by the torch alone, and a non-migration type plasma torch that is easy to use has been used.
  • the non-transfer type plasma torch has a low thermal efficiency of 10% or less
  • the present inventors tried to dissolve the solid-liquid mixture 1 in the hearth 10 using the transfer type plasma torch having an excellent thermal efficiency of 30% or more. did.
  • the transfer type plasma torch since it is necessary to energize between the torch and the object to be heated in order to generate plasma, a power source is disposed between the plasma torch 19 and the hearth 10. Since the solid-liquid mixture 1 is an electrical conductor containing Ti particles, it can be dissolved by plasma even when a transfer type plasma torch is used.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the metal salt layer 8 is formed on the inner surface of the hearth 10. Since the metal salt is an insulator, the metal salt layer 8 insulates the hearth 10 from the molten Ti7, and it is considered that the molten Ti7 is not energized and plasma is no longer generated. In addition, the local damage on the inner surface of the hearth 10 was caused by discharging and melting with the molten Ti 7 through the portion where the titanium was slightly exposed on the inner surface of the hearth 10 in the middle of the spreading of the metal salt layer 8. it is conceivable that.
  • the reason why the metal salt layer 8 is generated in this way is considered as follows. Since the hearth 10 is cooled with water, the temperature of the inner surface of the hearth 10 is kept below the melting point of Ti and CaCl 2 even when the plasma 19a is irradiated in the state where the solid-liquid mixture 1 is accommodated. Therefore, even if the plasma is irradiated after the solid-liquid mixture 1 is dissolved by plasma, Ti and CaCl 2 are solidified on the inner surface of the hearth 10, and the shell 4 made of a mixture of Ti and CaCl 2 is formed. It is formed.
  • the shell 4 contracts and expands because the temperature fluctuates due to factors such as the swing motion of the plasma torch 19.
  • the molten salt 6 existing as an upper layer in the mixture charging region 16 flows into the gap between the inner surface of the hearth 10 and the shell 4 formed when the shell 4 contracts, and solidifies. While the shrinkage and expansion of the shell 4 are repeated, the portion into which the molten salt 6 flows gradually spreads on the inner surface of the hearth 10 to form the metal salt layer 8. Such a phenomenon may occur regardless of the ratio between the metal salt and the Ti grains in the solid-liquid mixture 1.
  • the present invention is a melting apparatus used for melting a mixture of metal particles and a metal salt to separate the metal constituting the metal particles, and can be stably operated using a transfer type plasma having excellent thermal efficiency.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a melting apparatus and a melting method using the same.
  • the present inventors have examined a method for preventing the metal salt layer 8 from being formed between the inner surface of the hearth 10 and the shell 4. Is the portion where the shell 4 and the molten salt 6 in the upper layer are in contact with each other in the mixture charging region 16, so the idea was to prevent solidification of the molten salt 6 in this portion.
  • the present invention has been made on the basis of the above-mentioned knowledge, and the gist thereof is the following (1) melting apparatus and the following (2) melting method.
  • a melting apparatus comprising a water-cooled hearth made of a first metal and having a side surface and a bottom surface, and a transition type plasma torch arranged to irradiate plasma on the inner surface of the water-cooled hearth, A melting apparatus, wherein an inner surface member made of a second metal is fitted so as to cover at least a side surface and an upper edge of the side surface among inner surfaces of the hearth.
  • the inner surface member also covers the bottom surface of the inner surface of the water-cooled copper hearth, and it is more desirable that the inner surface member is integrally formed.
  • the first metal may be Cu and the second metal may be Ti.
  • Ti may be metal Ti or alloy Ti.
  • a melting method in which a mixture of a metal salt and a metal powder composed of the second metal is accommodated in the water-cooled hearth and is melted by plasma irradiated by the plasma torch. And the temperature of the part which contact
  • the melting method characterized by the above-mentioned.
  • the metal salt at the time of charging into the water-cooled hearth may be in a solid state or a liquid state.
  • the inner surface of the water-cooled hearth is divided into a plurality of regions by a skimmer, and the plurality of regions are respectively communicated by a communication port provided at a lower portion of the skimmer.
  • the mixture is melted by plasma in one region of the water-cooled hearth and separated into two upper and lower layers by a specific gravity difference, a layer made of a molten metal in which the metal powder is dissolved and a layer made of a molten salt in which the metal salt is dissolved.
  • the upper layer may be discharged from the upper part of the region and the lower layer may be discharged from the communication port. Thereby, it becomes possible to easily separate the second metal constituting the metal powder and the metal salt.
  • the metal salt can be CaCl 2 and the second metal can be Ti.
  • Ti may be metal Ti or alloy Ti. In the case of alloy Ti, contamination of the separated Ti alloy can be prevented by using the inner surface member as an alloy element constituting metal powder.
  • the melting apparatus and the melting method of the present invention by providing the inner surface member, it is possible to prevent a metal salt layer that is an insulator from being formed on the inner surface of the water-cooled hearth. Even when transitional plasma that requires energization between them is used, the metal constituting the metal particles can be stably separated from the mixture of the metal particles and the metal salt (molten salt). Moreover, since it is the same as the metal which isolate
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional melting apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram when plasma is no longer generated in a conventional melting apparatus.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the melting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4A and 4B are diagrams showing another configuration example of the melting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a bottom plate and FIG. 4B is an inner surface member in which the entire inner surface of the hearth is integrated. It is a case where it covers with.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a melting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a view showing the operation of the melting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, where (a) shows a state in which molten salt is discharged, and (b) shows a state in which molten Ti is discharged.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional melting apparatus.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the melting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the melting apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is the same as that shown in FIG. 1 except that the plasma torch is a transfer type and that an inner surface member is provided on the inner side surface of the hearth. ing.
  • the plasma torch 19 is a transition type, and a power source 20 is connected between the plasma torch 19 and the hearth 10. Since the hearth 10 and the solid-liquid mixture 1 are electrical conductors, when a voltage is applied by the power source 20 in a state where the solid-liquid mixture 1 is put into the hearth 10, plasma is generated between the plasma torch 19, the hearth 10, and the solid-liquid mixture 1. 19a occurs.
  • the solid-liquid mixture 1 instead of the solid-liquid mixture 1 made of molten salt and metal particles, a mixture of metal salt and metal particles in a solid state may be put into the hearth 10.
  • an inner surface member 15 made of Ti is fitted into the hearth 10 of the present embodiment so as to cover the upper edge and the inner surface of the side surface 12.
  • the amount of heat conduction between the hearth 10 and the inner surface member 15 is adjusted, and the solid-liquid mixture 1 is dissolved by irradiating the plasma 19a.
  • the temperature of the surface of the inner surface member 15 that is in contact with the molten salt 6 can be equal to or higher than the melting point of the metal salt.
  • the exposed inner surface of the hearth 10 and the exposed surface of the inner surface member 15 when there is no container the surface that contacts the molten salt 6 of the inner surface member 15 when the inner surface of the hearth 10 is not exposed. Collectively, it is called the inner surface of Hearth 10.
  • the upper edge of the side surface 12 of the hearth 10 is also covered with the inner surface member 15. Therefore, when the molten salt 6 existing as an upper layer in the mixture charging region 16 is discharged from the upper part of the mixture charging region 16 to the outside, the molten salt 6 does not enter between the hearth 10 and the inner surface member 15. The energized state during is maintained. Further, the lower portion of the inner surface member 15 is in contact with the molten Ti 7, and even if the molten Ti 7 enters and solidifies between the hearth 10 and the inner surface member 15, it becomes a part of the shell 4. The energized state between is maintained. Therefore, the energized state from the power source 20 to the molten Ti7 and the generation of the plasma 19a are stably maintained.
  • the molten salt 6 is solidified on the inner surface of the hearth 10.
  • the molten salt 6 exists in the mixture charging region 16 as an upper layer because the specific gravity of the molten salt 6 is smaller than that of the molten Ti 7. Also in this case, the energized state of the molten Ti7 and the generation of the plasma 19a thereby are maintained.
  • the inner surface member 15 is made of Ti, it does not contaminate the separated Ti. In the case where the Ti grains are made of a Ti alloy, contamination of the separated Ti alloy can be prevented by making the inner surface member 15 from an alloy element constituting the Ti grains.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the melting apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • Fig.4 (a) in addition to the inner surface member 15 which covers the upper edge and inner surface of the side surface 12 of the hearth 10, you may provide the baseplate 15a which covers the inner surface of the bottom face 11 of the hearth 10. . Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, the inner surface member 15 may be integrated to cover the entire inner surface of the hearth 10 and the upper edge of the side surface 12.
  • FIG. 4 shows a state where no shell is formed.
  • the temperature of the inner surface of the hearth 10 including the bottom surface 11 can be equal to or higher than the melting point of the metal salt, even if the molten salt 6 may penetrate into the bottom surface after the shell is formed, Formation of a metal salt layer can be prevented, and Ti and molten salt can be separated more stably using a transfer type plasma torch.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a melting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the melting apparatus shown in FIG. 5 is the same as that shown in FIG. 3 except that the hearth can be tilted and no skimmer is provided in the hearth, and substantially the same parts have the same reference numerals. Is attached.
  • the solid-liquid mixture 1 charged in the hearth 10 is irradiated with the plasma 19a from the plasma torch 19, and the solid-liquid mixture 1 is heated to the melting point of the molten salt or more and less than the melting point of Ti. Further, the solid-liquid mixture 1 is maintained at this temperature, and the molten salt 6 spreads on the bottom surface 11 of the hearth 10 so that the solid Ti 3 is dispersed in the molten salt 6.
  • the solid Ti constituting the solid-liquid mixture 1 is bonded to the Ti particles by sintering or the like to form a porous lump, the Ti lump is exposed at the portion exposed from the molten salt 6 of the Ti lump. Molten salt or metal salt present in the internal gap is discharged to the outside.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the operation of the melting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, where (a) shows a state in which molten salt is discharged, and (b) shows a state in which molten Ti is discharged.
  • FIG. 6 the plasma torch and the like are omitted.
  • the hearth 10 is tilted so that the left side is lowered as shown in FIG. 6A, and the molten salt 6 is arranged at the lower left of the hearth 10.
  • the molten salt container 21 is discharged, and the hearth 10 is in a state where solid Ti3 and a small amount of molten salt that has not been discharged exist.
  • the solid Ti3 is in the form of small particles or powders, the solid Ti3 discharged together with the molten salt 6 should be minimized by precipitating in the molten salt 6 and discharging the molten salt 6 without stirring. Can do.
  • the hearth 10 is returned to the horizontal position, the solid Ti3 remaining in the hearth 10 is irradiated with the plasma 19a from the plasma torch 19 to dissolve the solid Ti3, and the hearth 10 is tilted so that the right side is lowered, and the molten Ti7 Is discharged into a Ti container 22 arranged at the lower left of the hearth 10.
  • the solid Ti3 may be discharged after dissolving the whole, or may be sequentially discharged to the Ti container 22 while partially dissolving.
  • the solid-liquid mixture 1 is again charged into the hearth 10, and the dissolution of the solid-liquid mixture 1, the discharge of the molten salt, the dissolution of Ti, and the discharge of Ti are repeated.
  • the solid-liquid mixture 1 may be charged after all the Ti has been discharged, or may be performed with some solid or liquid Ti remaining in the hearth 10.
  • the solid-liquid mixture 1 is introduced with a part of Ti remaining in the hearth 10, the solid-liquid mixture 1 is heated by the remaining high temperature Ti, which is excellent in terms of energy efficiency.
  • the temperature of the surface in contact with the molten salt or Ti of the inner surface member 15 while the solid-liquid mixture 1 or the solid Ti3 is dissolved is set to be equal to or higher than the melting point of the metal salt by the irradiation of the plasma 19a. it can.
  • the inner member 15 By irradiating the plasma 19a so that the temperature of the surface in contact with the molten salt or Ti is equal to or higher than the melting point of the metal salt, solidification of the molten salt in the gap can be suppressed. Therefore, the metal salt layer 8 that is an insulator is not formed on the inner surface of the hearth 10, and the energized state between the power source 20 and the solid-liquid mixture 1 or solid Ti3 that is the object to be heated is maintained. The generation of 19a is stably maintained. Moreover, according to this embodiment, since a skimmer is not required, a melting apparatus can be made a simple structure.
  • the molten Ti obtained using the melting apparatus of this embodiment contains a trace amount of molten salt.
  • the molten Ti is moved to another hearth while maintaining the molten state, and the molten salt is removed, so that Ti can be purified.
  • the hearth for purification of Ti the hearth of the first embodiment described above can be used.
  • the direction in which the hearth 10 is tilted differs depending on whether the molten salt is discharged or Ti is discharged.
  • the directions in which the hearth 10 is tilted may be the same when they are located on the same side with respect to the hearth 10.
  • a mixture of metal salt and metal particles in a solid state may be put into the hearth 10.
  • the height of the side surface of the hearth may be different on the left and right as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, or may be uniform as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG.
  • the inner surface member 15 is composed of a material that covers only the upper edge and inner surface of the side surface 12 of the hearth 10 and a bottom plate as shown in FIG. Thus, only the upper surface and the inner surface of the side surface of the hearth may be covered.
  • the temperature of the inner surface of the hearth 10 including the bottom surface 11 can be made higher than the melting point of the metal salt, the molten salt 6 may enter the bottom surface after the shell is formed. Even so, the formation of the metal salt layer between the inner surface member and the shell can be prevented, and Ti and molten salt can be separated more stably using the transfer type plasma torch.
  • ⁇ Test 1> 1. Melting conditions Using a melting apparatus shown in FIG. 4 (b), a raw material composed of a mixture of Ti particles and solid CaCl 2 was separated into molten salt and molten Ti, and then an ingot of Ti was cast. Table 1 shows the conditions of the manufacturing apparatus used. As shown in Table 1, the atmosphere in the chamber was an argon atmosphere. Further, in the example of the present invention, an integrally formed inner surface member that covers the entire inner surface of the hearth and the upper edge of the side surface is fitted into the water-cooled hearth, and the inner surface member is not used in the comparative example.
  • Table 2 shows the conditions of the raw material composition, weight, and dissolution current amount.
  • raw materials a mixture containing 10% by weight of Ti particles and 90% by weight of CaCl 2 was used for both the inventive examples and the comparative examples, and 5000 to 6000 g was used.
  • the melting current is a current that flows through the plasma torch, and both the inventive example and the comparative example were set so that the entire raw material was melted at the upper part of the hearth.
  • Test Results As shown in Table 3, the casting of the Ti ingot performed under the above conditions was evaluated using as an index whether or not Haas was worn and whether or not the melting could be resumed after the melting was interrupted.
  • Both the comparative example and the example of the present invention were capable of casting a Ti ingot.
  • Table 3 although Haas wear did not occur in the inventive example, it occurred in the comparative example. This is because in the comparative example, the formation of a metal salt layer progresses between the inner surface of the hearth and the shell, and a local discharge occurs between the molten Ti and the exposed portion of the inner surface of the hearth. Conceivable.
  • the melting was interrupted and the molten salt and the molten Ti were solidified, the plasma was generated from the plasma torch, and the melting could be resumed.
  • a metal salt layer was formed between the inner surface of the hearth and the shell, so that no plasma was generated from the plasma torch, and the melting could not be resumed.
  • Dissolution condition A dissolution test similar to Test 1 was performed using the dissolution apparatus shown in FIG. Table 4 shows the conditions of the manufacturing apparatus used.
  • an integrally formed inner surface member that covers the entire inner surface of the hearth and the upper edge of the side surface was fitted into the water-cooled hearth, and the inner surface member was not used in the comparative example.
  • Table 5 shows the conditions of the raw material composition, weight, and dissolution current amount.
  • the raw material was a mixture containing 40% by weight of Ti particles sintered in a porous mass and 60% by weight of CaCl 2 in both the present invention example and the comparative example.
  • the hearth is tilted to the left to discharge the molten salt, the tilt is moved to the right to discharge the molten Ti, and the operation of adding the raw material with the molten Ti remaining is performed by Repeated until all was dissolved. Plasma irradiation did not stop during this operation.
  • Test Results As shown in Table 6, the dissolution test was evaluated using the presence or absence of Haas wear and the possibility of resuming dissolution after dissolution interruption, as in Test 1 above.
  • molten Ti could be obtained.
  • Haas wear did not occur in the example of the present invention, but occurred in the comparative example. This is because in the comparative example, the formation of a metal salt layer progresses between the inner surface of the hearth and the shell, and a local discharge occurs between the molten Ti and the exposed portion of the inner surface of the hearth. Conceivable.
  • the restart after interrupting the melting of the raw material was possible because plasma was generated from the plasma torch in the example of the present invention.
  • a metal salt layer was formed between the inner surface of the hearth (the surface of the inner surface member) and the shell, plasma was not generated from the plasma torch, and dissolution could not be resumed.
  • a metal salt layer that is an insulator is formed on the inner surface of the water-cooled hearth when the metal powder and the metal salt are melted to separate the metal constituting the metal particles. Therefore, even if a transfer type plasma torch that requires energization between the torch and the object to be heated is used, the separation operation can be performed stably.
  • the melting apparatus and the melting method of the present invention can be effectively used in the production of a metal obtained by reducing metal chlorides or the like in a molten salt obtained by mixing the metal powder with the molten salt. .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne, d'une part un procédé de fusion par lequel de la poudre de métal est mise en fusion et séparée d'un mélange de poudre et de sel de métal, et d'autre part un appareil pour fusion mettant en œuvre ce procédé et permettant ainsi d'utiliser un plasma en mouvement offrant un excellent rendement énergétique. Une pièce de garniture (15) comprenant un second métal est insérée de façon à couvrir les parois latérales et les rebords supérieurs des parois latérales d'une cuve (10) contenant un premier métal. Le mélange (1) de poudre et de sel de métal est introduit dans la zone d'introduction de mélange (16) de la cuve qui est partagée par écrémeur (13). Le plasma (19a) maintient en fusion la totalité du mélange (1). Toutefois la différence des densités relatives provoque la formation de deux couches: une couche supérieure de sel fondu (6) dans laquelle le sel de métal a été mis en fusion, et une couche inférieure de métal en fusion (7). Pour éviter la formation d'une couche de sel fondu qui constituerait un isolant en cas de solidification du sel fondu (6) sur la surface intérieure de la cuve (10), on maintient au-dessus du point de fusion du sel fondu (6) la température de la partie de la pièce de garniture (15) en contact avec le sel fondu (6).
PCT/JP2009/060045 2008-06-06 2009-06-02 Appareil pour fusion et procédé de fusion l'utilisant WO2009148043A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2008-148972 2008-06-06
JP2008148972 2008-06-06
JP2009-068441 2009-03-19
JP2009068441A JP2010014398A (ja) 2008-06-06 2009-03-19 溶解装置およびこれを用いた溶解方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009148043A2 true WO2009148043A2 (fr) 2009-12-10
WO2009148043A3 WO2009148043A3 (fr) 2010-01-28

Family

ID=41398632

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2009/060045 WO2009148043A2 (fr) 2008-06-06 2009-06-02 Appareil pour fusion et procédé de fusion l'utilisant

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2010014398A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009148043A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04116377A (ja) * 1990-09-06 1992-04-16 Toshiba Corp 金属溶解用容器
JP3098733B2 (ja) * 1996-12-25 2000-10-16 株式会社神戸製鋼所 溶融処理装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2009148043A3 (fr) 2010-01-28
JP2010014398A (ja) 2010-01-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
RU2383636C2 (ru) Устройство для производства или рафинирования металлов и связанные с ним способы
JP4747689B2 (ja) 銅合金の連続製造方法
JP5183498B2 (ja) ケイ素の電解製造及び精練方法
KR101878652B1 (ko) 전해환원 및 전해정련 일관공정에 의한 금속 정련 방법
JP6230847B2 (ja) アルミ溶解保持炉
US10421161B2 (en) High quality, void and inclusion free alloy wire
JP2007084847A (ja) Ｔｉの製造方法および装置
WO2009148043A2 (fr) Appareil pour fusion et procédé de fusion l'utilisant
WO2009150961A2 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un métal
RU2401875C2 (ru) Способ производства химически активных металлов и восстановления шлаков и устройство для его осуществления
JP4263366B2 (ja) 希土類磁石スクラップの溶解方法及び溶解装置
JP3759933B2 (ja) 高融点金属の電子ビーム溶解方法
RU2360014C2 (ru) Вакуумная дуговая гарнисажная печь
US8917754B2 (en) Aluminum melting apparatus
JP2005343779A (ja) 電子ビームを用いたスクラップシリコンの精錬装置
JPH0639635B2 (ja) 銅及び銅合金のエレクトロスラグ再溶融方法
CN114134356A (zh) 一种锌合金生产工艺
Weirauch Jr Technologically significant capillary phenomena in high-temperature materials processing: Examples drawn from the aluminum industry
US20050012252A1 (en) Cold hearth and skull for refining metals which seal together to prevent overflow of molten metal therebetween
RU2209842C2 (ru) Способ плавки и литья металла
JPH0421727A (ja) チタン鋳塊の製造方法および装置
JP2003293051A (ja) 低融点金属および高融点金属を含有するＴｉ合金の製造方法
RU2612867C2 (ru) Способ плавки высокореакционных металлов и сплавов на их основе и устройство для его осуществления
JP4701521B2 (ja) コールドクルーシブル溶解法
JP4227113B2 (ja) 引上げ電解方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 09758310

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 09758310

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2