WO2009143404A1 - Pipérazine utilisée en tant que modulateurs allostériques négatifs agissant sur le récepteur métabotropique du glutamate de type 5 (mglur5) - Google Patents

Pipérazine utilisée en tant que modulateurs allostériques négatifs agissant sur le récepteur métabotropique du glutamate de type 5 (mglur5) Download PDF

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WO2009143404A1
WO2009143404A1 PCT/US2009/044938 US2009044938W WO2009143404A1 WO 2009143404 A1 WO2009143404 A1 WO 2009143404A1 US 2009044938 W US2009044938 W US 2009044938W WO 2009143404 A1 WO2009143404 A1 WO 2009143404A1
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alkyl
pyridin
ylethynyl
benzoyl
methoxy
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PCT/US2009/044938
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Matthew Gregory Bursavich
Adam Matthew Gilbert
Joseph Raymond Stock
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Wyeth
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D213/74—Amino or imino radicals substituted by hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
    • C07D241/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D241/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D241/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D241/20—Nitrogen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
    • C07D295/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D295/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms by radicals derived from carboxylic acids, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof
    • C07D295/182—Radicals derived from carboxylic acids
    • C07D295/192—Radicals derived from carboxylic acids from aromatic carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Definitions

  • this invention relates to piperazine metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR ⁇ ) negative allosteric modulators, and methods for their preparation.
  • the invention provides methods for using the mGluR ⁇ negative allosteric modulators for treatment of diseases and disorders including schizophrenia, paranoia, depression, manic-depressive illness, anxiety (including panic disorders, social anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders, generalized anxiety disorders, phobias), post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, Asperger's syndrome, pervasive developmental disorders, gastrointestinal disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, functional bloating, functional diarrhea, chronic constipation, functional disturbances of the biliary tract, migraine, chronic pain, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, post-herpatic neuropathic pain, addiction, Parkinson's disease, senile dementia, levadopa-induced dyskinesia, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington
  • the metabotropic glutamate 5 receptor is a G-protein-coupled metabolic glutamate receptor that plays a role as a modulator of synaptic plasticity, ion channel activity, and excitotoxicity (Bach et al., Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Modulators and their Potential Therapeutic Applications, Department of Med. Chemistry, AstraZeneca R and D Moelndal, Moelndal, Sweden, Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents 2007, 17(4), 371-384 and references therein). Recent evidence indicates that current mGluR ⁇ negative allosteric modulators are not sufficiently selective, and cause off-target effects, such as inhibition of NMDA receptors.
  • the invention provides compounds of Formula
  • the invention provides pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound of the invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the invention provides methods for the treatment of a patient suffering from a chronic condition such as, schizophrenia, paranoia, manic- depressive illness, depression, or anxiety (including panic disorders, social anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders, generalized anxiety disorders, phobias), posttraumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, Asperger's syndrome, pervasive developmental disorders, gastrointestinal disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, functional bloating, functional diarrhea, chronic constipation, functional disturbances of the biliary tract, migraine, chronic pain, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, post-herpatic neuropathic pain, addiction, Parkinson's disease, senile dementia, levadopa-induced dyskinesia, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Down Syndrome, fragile-X syndrome, autistic spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, stroke, ischemic
  • the invention provides methods for producing compounds of Formula I.
  • R 1 is each independently selected from H, C 1-6 alkyl, halogen, OH, and OC 1-6 alkyl;
  • R 2 is selected from -(L 1 ) a -(Y) c -(L 2 )b-Q3, -L 3 -Q 4 and -L 4 -Q 5 ;
  • L 3 is C 2-12 alkynyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents selected from OH and halogen;
  • L 1 and L 2 are each independently C 1-3 alkyl
  • Y is CR 7 R 8 , NR 9 , 0, or S;
  • Q 5 is C 6-I4 aryl, 5 to 14 membered heterocyclic, 5 to 14 membered heteroaromatic, or 4 to 9 membered carbocyclic; each of which can be optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from Ci -6 alkyl, halogen,
  • OH, OCi -6 alkyl, -C( 0)0-(Ci -6 alkyl), NO 2 , Ci -3 haloalkyl, -S-Ci -6 alkyl -NH 2 , -NH-(Ci -6 alkyl), -N(Ci -6 alkyl)(C 1-6 alkyl), OCi -3 haloalkyl, OCi -6 alkylaryl and CN.
  • n 1
  • R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 .
  • Z is CO.
  • R 1 , R 4 , R 4a , R 5, R 5a , and R 6 are each H.
  • R 3 is H, methyl, methoxy or halogen.
  • R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 , and Z is CO.
  • R-i, R 4 , R 4a , R5, and R 5a are each H.
  • Ri, R 4 , R 4a , R5, and R 5a are each H; and R 3 is H, methyl, methoxy or halogen.
  • Q 4 is H. In some further such embodiments, Q 4 is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from H, d-6 alkyl, halogen, OH, and 0Ci_6 alkyl. In some further such embodiments, Q 4 is 5 to 14 membered heterocyclic optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from H, d-6 alkyl, halogen, OH, and 0Ci_6 alkyl. In some further such embodiments, Q 4 is 5 to 14 membered heteroaromatic optionally substituted with 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from H, Ci -6 alkyl, halogen, OH, and OCi -6 alkyl.
  • R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4
  • Z is CO
  • L 5 is a bond.
  • one of Xi and X 2 is CR 3 , and the other of Xi and X 2 is N.
  • Z is CO.
  • Z is CO; R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 , and L 3 is C 2 alkynyl.
  • Z is CO;
  • R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 ,
  • L 3 is C 2 alkynyl, and
  • R 4 , R 4a , R 5 , and R 5a are each H.
  • Xi and X 2 are each independently CR 3 .
  • R 6 is H.
  • Xi is CR 3 , X 2 is CH, and R 6 is H. In some such embodiments, Z is CO. In some embodiments of the compounds of Formula I, Xi is CR3, X 2 is CH, R 6 is H, Z is CO and Ri, R 4 , R 4a , R5, and R 5a , are each H.
  • Xi is CR 3
  • X 2 is CH
  • R 6 is -(L 5 )- phenyl optionally substituted with halogen or Ci -6 alkyl, wherein L 5 is a bond, Z is CO and R 4a and R 5 form a bridging methylene
  • R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4
  • L 3 is C 2 alkynyl
  • Ci -3 haloalkyl
  • R 6 is H, CH 3 , -(L 5 )-2-pyridyl, - (L 5 )-4-pyridyl, -(L 5 )-pyrazinyl, -(L 5 )-phenyl, -(L 5 )-(3-14-membered heterocycle), -(L 5 )-(5- to 14- membered heteroaromatic), (L 5 )-cycloalkyl, (L 5 )-(3- to 10-membered cycloalkyl), (L 5 )-(C 6- i 4 aryl) or
  • haloalkyl -S-Ci -6 alkyl, CN, a 3- to 14-membered heterocycle or 5- to 14-membered heteroaromatic, NRi, SO 2 , SO 2 NRiRi or C 1-6 alkylaryl.
  • Xi is CR 3 , X 2 is CH, R 6 is H, Z is
  • CO, Ri, R 4 , R 4a , R 5 , and R 5a are each H, and R 2 is -(Li) a -(Y) c -(L 2 ) b -Q 3 or -L 4 -Q 5 .
  • Y is O.
  • Y is O
  • Z is CH 2 .
  • Xi and X 2 are each CH.
  • Z is CH 2 , Xi and X 2 are each CH, and R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 ; wherein Q 4 is phenyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentenyl or cyclohexenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from Ci -6 alkyl, halogen, OH, OCi -6 alkyl and -NH 2 ; and R 6 is pyrid-2-yl.
  • Ri is pyrid-2-yl.
  • R 4 , R 4a , R 5, and R 5a are each H, and L 3 is C 2-3 alkynyl.
  • Z is SO 2 .
  • Xi and X 2 are each CH.
  • Z is SO 2 , Xi and X 2 are each CH, and R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 ; wherein Q 4 is phenyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentenyl or cyclohexenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from Ci -6 alkyl, halogen, OH, and OCi -6 alkyl; and R 6 is pyrid-2-yl.
  • Ri, R 4 , R 4a , R 5 , and R 5a are each H, and L 3 is C 2-3 alkynyl.
  • R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 ;
  • R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 ;
  • Z is CO.
  • Xi is CR 3 and X 2 is CH.
  • Ri is H.
  • R 4 , R 4a , R 5 , and R 5a are each H, and in some further such embodiments, Ri is H.
  • one or more of the following conditions a-g exist: (a) if R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 , L 3 is C 2 alkynyl, Q 4 is cyclohexanol-1-yl, Z is CO, Ri, R 4 , R 4a , R 5 , and
  • R 5a are each H, and Xi and X 2 are each CH, then R 6 is not 2-methoxyphenyl;
  • R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 , L 3 is C 2 alkynyl, Q 4 is phenyl, Z is CO, Ri, R 4 , R 4a , R 5 , and R 5a , are each H, and Xi and X 2 are each CH, then R 6 is not pyrimidin-2-yl;
  • R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 , L 3 is C 2 alkynyl, Q 4 is phenyl, Z is CO, Ri, R 4 , R 4a , R 5 , and R 5a , are each H, and Xi and X 2 are each CH, then R 6 is not 3-trifluoromethylphenyl;
  • R 2 is -L 3 -Q 4 , L 3 is C 2 alkynyl, Q 4 is phenyl, Z is CO, Ri, R 4 , R 4a , R 5 , and R 5a , are each H, and Xi and X 2 are each CH, then R 6 is not 2-methoxyphenyl;
  • R 6 is not 4-nitrophenyl.
  • all of the foregoing conditions a-g exist.
  • none of the foregoing conditions a-g exist.
  • one or more, but less than all of the foregoing conditions a-g exist.
  • Prodrugs of the compounds of Formula I are also embraced by the present invention.
  • the term "prodrug”, as used herein, means a compound which is convertible in vivo by metabolic means (e.g. by hydrolysis) to a compound of formula I.
  • Various forms of prodrugs are known in the art, for example, as discussed in, for example, Bundgaard, (ed.), Design of Prodrugs, Elsevier (1985); Widder, et al. (ed.), Methods in Enzymology, vol. 4, Academic Press (1985); Krogsgaard- Larsen, et al.
  • the mGluR ⁇ negative allosteric modulators disclosed herein are useful for treating diseases and disorders including schizophrenia, paranoia, depression, including manic- depressive illness, anxiety (including panic disorders, social anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders, generalized anxiety disorders, phobias), post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, Asperger's syndrome, pervasive developmental disorders, gastrointestinal disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, functional bloating, functional diarrhea, chronic constipation, functional disturbances of the biliary tract, migraine, chronic pain, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, post-herpatic neuropathic pain, addiction, Parkinson's disease, senile dementia, levadopa-induced dyskinesia, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Down Syndrome, fragile-X syndrome, autistic spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, stroke, ischemic
  • the invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or prodrug thereof.
  • the invention provides methods of treating a patient suffering from a chronic condition such as schizophrenia, paranoia, manic-depressive illness or anxiety, comprising providing a therapeutically effective amount of compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate or prodrug thereof.
  • Some compounds of the present invention can contain an asymmetric atom (also referred as a chiral center), and some of the compounds can contain one or more asymmetric atoms or centers, which can thus give rise to optical isomers (enantiomers) and diastereomers (geometric isomers).
  • the present invention includes such optical isomers and diastereomers, as well as, the racemic and resolved, enantiomerically pure R and S stereoisomers, as well as, other mixtures of the R and S stereoisomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates, metabolites and prodrugs thereof.
  • Optical isomers can be obtained in pure form by standard procedures known to those skilled in the art, and include, but are not limited to, chiral chromatography, diastereomeric salt formation, kinetic resolution, and asymmetric synthesis.
  • the present teachings also encompass cis and trans or E/Z isomers of compounds containing alkenyl moieties (e.g., alkenes and imines). It is also understood that this invention encompasses all possible regioisomers, and mixtures thereof, which can be obtained in pure form by standard separation procedures known to those skilled in the art, and include, but are not limited to, column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography.
  • Compounds of the invention can also include all isotopes of atoms occurring in the intermediates or final compounds.
  • Isotopes include those atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
  • isotopes of hydrogen include tritium and deuterium.
  • Tautomeric forms can be in equilibrium or sterically locked into one form by appropriate substitution.
  • alkyl as a group or part of a group is intended to denote hydrocarbon groups including straight chain, branched and cyclic saturated hydrocarbons. Alkyl groups can contain 1-20, or 1-12, or 1-6 carbon atoms. The term “lower alkyl” is intended to mean an alkyl group having up to 6 carbon atoms.
  • Nonlimiting examples of straight chain and branched alkyl groups include methyl (Me), ethyl (Et), propyl (e.g., n-propyl and isopropyl), butyl (e.g., n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, and t-butyl), pentyl groups (e.g., n-pentyl, isopentyl, and neopentyl), hexyl groups, and the like.
  • Me methyl
  • Et ethyl
  • propyl e.g., n-propyl and isopropyl
  • butyl e.g., n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, and t-butyl
  • pentyl groups e.g., n-pentyl, isopentyl, and neopentyl
  • hexyl groups and the like
  • cycloalkyl is intended to mean a monocyclic or bicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having the indicated number of carbon atoms.
  • a C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl group would include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl groups, as well as polycyclic systems (e.g., containing fused, bridged, and/or spiro ring systems). Any suitable ring position of a cyclic alkyl group can be covalently linked to the defined chemical structure. Unless otherwise indicated, alkyl groups are unsubstituted.
  • alkyl groups may be substituted with one or more independently selected substituents as described herein.
  • alkenyl as a group or part of a group is intended to denote an alkyl group that contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Alkenyl groups can contain 2- 20, or 2-12, or 2-6 carbon atoms.
  • lower alkenyl is intended to mean an alkenyl group having up to 6 carbon atoms.
  • Nonlimiting examples of straight chain and branched alkenyl groups include ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, butadienyl, pentadienyl, hexadienyl, vinyl, allyl, 2-methyl-allyl, 4-but-3-enyl, 4-hex-5-enyl, 3-methyl-but-2-enyl, cyclohex-2-enyl, and the like.
  • the one or more carbon-carbon double bonds can be internal (such as in 2-butene) or terminal (such as in 1-butene).
  • hydrocarbon alkenyl moieties may be mono or polyunsaturated, and may exist in the E or Z configurations.
  • the compounds of this invention are meant to include all possible E and Z configurations.
  • Alkenyl groups may be substituted with one or more independently selected substituents as described herein.
  • cycloalkenyl is intended to mean a cycloalkyl group that contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
  • examples of cycloalkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptatrienyl, and the like.
  • Alkenyl groups may be substituted with one or more independently selected substituents as described herein. Any suitable ring position of a cycloalkenyl group can be covalently linked to the defined chemical structure. Unless otherwise indicated, alkenyl groups are unsubstituted. However, where indicted, alkenyl groups may be substituted with one or more independently selected substituents as described herein.
  • alkynyl is intended to denote an alkyl group that contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.
  • Alkynyl groups can contain 2-20, or 2-12, or 2-6, or 2-3 carbon atoms. Examples of alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, pent-2-yne, ethynyl-cyclohexyl, and the like.
  • the one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds can be internal (such as in 2-butyne) or terminal (such as in 1-butyne).
  • Alkynyl groups may be substituted with one or more independently selected substituents as described herein.
  • aryl as a group or part of a group refers to an aromatic monocyclic hydrocarbon ring system or a polycyclic ring system (e.g., bicyclic or tricyclic), e.g., of 6-14 carbon atoms where at least one of the rings present in the ring system is an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and any other aromatic rings present in the ring system include only hydrocarbons. Any suitable ring position of the aryl group can be covalently linked to the defined chemical structure.
  • an aryl group can have only aromatic carbocyclic rings e.g., phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl groups, and the like.
  • an aryl group can be a polycyclic ring system in which at least one aromatic carbocyclic ring is fused (i.e., having a bond in common with) to one or more cyclic alkyl or heterocyclic alkyl rings, provided that the group is attached to the remainder of the molecule through the aromatic portion thereof.
  • aryl groups include, among others, benzo derivatives of cyclopentane (i.e., an indanyl group, which is a 5,6-bicyclic cyclic alkyl/aromatic ring system), cyclohexane (i.e., a tetrahydronaphthyl group, which is a 6,6-bicyclic cyclic alkyl/aromatic ring system), imidazoline (i.e., a benzimidazolinyl group, which is a 5,6- bicyclic heterocyclic alkyl/aromatic ring system), and pyran (i.e., a chromenyl group, which is a 6,6-bicyclic heterocyclic alkyl/aromatic ring system).
  • aryl groups include, but are not limited to, benzodioxanyl, benzodioxolyl, chromanyl, indolinyl groups, and the like
  • an aryl group can be substituted with one or more (e.g., up to 4) independently selected substituents as described herein.
  • carbocyclyl As used herein, the terms, "carbocyclyl”, “carbocycle” or “carbocyclic” refer to (1 ) a non- aromatic cyclic hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms. In some embodiments (“C 3 -8 carbocyclyl”), a carbocyclyl group can have from 3 to 8 ring carbon atoms. In some embodiments (“C 3-6 carbocyclyl”), a carbocyclyl group can have from 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms.
  • Examples of such C 3-6 carbocyclyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl and the like.
  • Examples of such C 3-8 carbocyclyl groups include the aforementioned C 3-6 carbocyclyl groups as well as cycloheptyl, cycloheptadienyl, cycloheptatrienyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl and the like.
  • C 3- i 0 carbocyclyl groups examples include the aforementioned C 3-8 carbocyclyl groups as well as octahydro-1H-indenyl, decahydronaphthalenyl, spiro[4.5]decanyl and the like.
  • a carbocyclyl group can be monocyclic ("monocyclic carbocyclyl") or bicyclic (e.g., containing a fused, bridged or spiro ring system), and can be saturated or can contain one or more carbon-carbon double or triple bonds.
  • Carbocyclyl also refers to (2) a phenyl group; (3) an aryl group (as defined herein); and (4) a 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl group (as defined herein) fused to a monocyclic carbocyclyl group, where the point of attachment is on the carbocyclyl portion of the group.
  • Examples of such carbocyclyl groups include 1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl, 1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl, 2,3-dihydro-1 H-inden-1-yl, 2,3-dihydro-1 H-inden-2-yl, 1 H-inden-1-yl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-5- yl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1 H-indol-4-yl, 4,5,6, 7-tetrahydro-1 H-indol-6- yl, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzofuran-7-yl and the like.
  • heterocyclic or “heterocyclic group” or “heterocycle” is used herein to describe a 3-14 membered monocyclic or polycyclic, ring system having at least 1 , and up to 4, ring heteroatoms independently selected from N, O and S.
  • Heterocyclic groups can be saturated, partially unsaturated, or wholly unsaturated, but cannot be aromatic. When the heterocyclic ring contains nitrogen or sulfur atoms in the backbone of the ring, the nitrogen or sulfur atoms can be oxidized, for example, N-oxides, SO or SO 2 .
  • Heterocyclic groups include, without limitation, oxygen-containing rings, nitrogen-containing rings, sulfur-containing rings, and mixed heteroatom-containing rings.
  • heterocyclic groups include aziridinyl, azetidinyl, 1 ,4-dioxanyl, hexahydroazepinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, dihydrobenzimidazolyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, dihydrobenzothienyl, dihydrobenzoxazolyl, dihydrofuranyl, dihydroimidazolyl, dihydroindolyl, dihydroisooxazolyl, dihydroisothiazolyl, dihydrooxadiazolyl, dihydrooxazolyl, dihydropyrrazinyl, dihydropyrazolyl, dihydropyridinyl, dihydropyrimidinyl, dihydropyrrolyl, dihydroquinolinyl, dihydrotetrazolyl, di
  • heteromatic as used herein is intended to denote 3-14 membered monocyclic or polycyclic ring systems having at least one aromatic ring that contains at least 1 , and up to 4, ring heteroatoms independently selected from N, O and S.
  • Heteroaromatic groups can contain one or more non-aromatic rings fused to (i.e., sharing a bound in common with) the monocyclic or polycyclic heteroatom-containing ring described above, provided that the group is attached to the remainder of the molecule through the aromatic portion thereof.
  • the term “heteroaromatic” includes groups such as 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-2-yl groups.
  • heteroaromatic groups include furyl, thienyl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiophenyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, and benzothiazolyl.
  • the term "optionally substituted” is used herein to refer to the optional substitution of one or more protons with a named substituent or substituents.
  • alkoxy refers to a group of formula -O-alkyl.
  • alkoxy groups include but are not limited to methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, tertiary butoxy, pentoxy, isopentoxy, neopentoxy, tertiary pentoxy, hexoxy, isohexoxy, heptoxy, octoxy, prop-2-oxy, but-2-oxy and methylprop-2-oxy.
  • halogen refers to Cl, Br, F, and I.
  • haloalkyl is intended to include both branched and straight-chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having the specified number of carbon atoms, substituted with 1 or more halogen atom.
  • Haloalkyl groups include perhaloalkyl groups, wherein all hydrogens of an alkyl group have been replaced with halogens (e.g., -CF 3 , -CF 2 CF 3 ).
  • the halogens can be the same (e.g., CHF 2 , -CF 3 ) or different (e.g., CF 2 CI).
  • Haloalkyl groups can optionally be substituted with one or more substituents in addition to halogen.
  • haloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, fluoromethyl, dichloroethyl, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, and pentachloroethyl groups.
  • Methods of treating the diseases and syndromes listed herein are understood to involve administering to an individual in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention, or a salt, hydrate or solvate thereof, or a composition comprising one or more of the same.
  • methods are provided in accordance with the invention for treating disorders involving the mGluR ⁇ receptor, such as anxiety and depression diseases and/or disorders, including those specifically listed above, comprising the administration to a patient in need thereof a compound of the invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or solvate thereof.
  • Such methods comprise administering to the patient in need of such treatment a pharmaceutically or therapeutically effective amount of a compound of this invention.
  • the administration further includes a pharmaceutically or therapeutically effective amount of the second pharmaceutical agent in question.
  • the second or additional pharmacological agents described herein may be administered in the doses and regimens known in the art.
  • the phrase "therapeutically effective amount” refers to the amount of active compound or pharmaceutical agent that is effective to treat the condition of interest - i.e., the amount of active compound or pharmaceutical agent that is effective to elicit a biological or medicinal response in a tissue, system, animal, individual or human that is being sought by a researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician, which includes one or more of the following:
  • preventing the disease for example, preventing a disease, condition or disorder in an individual that may be predisposed to the disease, condition or disorder but does not yet experience or display the pathology or symptomatology of the disease;
  • inhibiting the disease for example, inhibiting a disease, condition or disorder in an individual that is experiencing or displaying the pathology or symptomatology of the disease, condition or disorder (i.e., arresting or slowing further development of the pathology and/or symptomatology); and
  • ameliorating the disease for example, ameliorating a disease, condition or disorder in an individual that is experiencing or displaying the pathology or symptomatology of the disease, condition or disorder (i.e., reversing the pathology and/or symptomatology).
  • the effective dosage may vary depending upon the particular compound utilized, the mode of administration, the condition, and severity thereof, of the condition being treated, as well as the various physical factors related to the individual being treated.
  • Effective administration of the compounds (including the salts) and the compositions of the present invention may be given at an oral dose of from about 0.1 mg/day to about 1 ,000 mg/day.
  • administration will be from about 10 mg/day to about 600 mg/day, more preferably from about 50 mg/day to about 600 mg/day.
  • the dosing regimen can be adjusted to provide the optimal therapeutic response, and the projected daily dosages are expected to vary with route of administration. Several divided doses can be delivered daily or a single daily dosage can be delivered. The dose can be proportionally reduced or increased as indicated by the exigencies of the therapeutic situation.
  • the term "individual” or “patient,” used interchangeably, refers to any animal, including mammals, preferably mice, rats, other rodents, rabbits, dogs, cats, swine, cattle, sheep, horses, or primates, and most preferably humans.
  • Therapeutic doses of compounds or compositions of the invention can be administered in any manner useful in directing the active compounds herein to the recipient's bloodstream.
  • compounds and compositions of the invention can be delivered by a route such as oral, via implants, dermal, transdermal, intrabronchial, intranasal, parental (including intravenous, intraperitoneal, intraarticular ⁇ and subcutaneous injections), intraperitoneal, sublingual, intracranial, epidural, intratracheal, vaginal, rectal, topical, ocular (via eye drops) or by sustained release.
  • one or more of the compounds of Formula I can be mixed with other active agents.
  • the unit dosage forms can be packaged compositions, for example, packeted powders, vials, ampoules, prefilled syringes or sachets containing liquids.
  • the unit dosage form can be, for example, a capsule or tablet itself, or it can be the appropriate number of any such compositions in package form.
  • the powders and tablets can contain up to 99% of the active ingredient.
  • the compounds of Formula I can be combined with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients including, without limitation, solid and liquid carriers, which are compatible with the compounds of Formula I.
  • Oral formulations containing the active compounds (including the salts, hydrates and solvates thereof) and the compositions of the present invention may comprise any conventionally used oral forms, including tablets, capsules, buccal forms, troches, lozenges and oral liquids, suspensions or solutions.
  • Such carriers can include adjuvants, syrups, elixirs, diluents, binders, lubricants, surfactants, granulating agents, disintegrating agents, emollients, solubilizers, suspending agents, fillers, glidants, compression aids, encapsulating materials, emulsifiers, buffers, preservatives, thickening agents, colors, viscosity regulators, stabilizers, osmoregulators, and combinations thereof.
  • one or more of the compounds of Formula I can be mixed with other active agents.
  • Adjuvants can include, without limitation, flavoring agents, sweeteners, coloring agents, preservatives, and supplemental antioxidants, which can include vitamin E, ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisole (NHA).
  • flavoring agents such as sweeteners, coloring agents, preservatives, and supplemental antioxidants, which can include vitamin E, ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisole (NHA).
  • BHT butylated hydroxytoluene
  • NHA butylated hydroxyanisole
  • Elixirs and syrups can be prepared from acceptable sweeteners such as sugar, saccharine or a biological sweetener, a flavoring agent, and/or solvent.
  • Capsules and tablets may contain mixtures of the active compound(s) with inert fillers, diluents, binders, lubricants, granulating agents, disintegrating agents, emolients, surface modifying agents (including surfactants), suspending or stabilizing agents, and the like.
  • Nonlimiting examples of diluents and fillers include materials in which the compound can be dispersed, dissolved, or incorporated, such as water, lower monovalent alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, and low molecular weight glycols and polyols, including, for example, propylene glycol, glycerol, butylenes glycol, 1 ,2,4-butanetriol, sorbitol esters, 1 ,2,6-hexanetriol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanediol, ethyl oleate, isopropyl myristate, ether propanol, ethoxylated ethers, propoxylated ethers, oils such as corn, peanut, fractionated coconut, arachis, sesame oils, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), waxes, dextrin, and combinations thereof.
  • DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
  • DMF dimethylformamide
  • binders include, without limitation, cellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, polypropylpyyrolidone, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyrrolidine, gelatin, gum Arabic, polyethylene glycol, starch, sugars such as, for example, sucrose kaoline, cellulose kaolin, and lactose.
  • surface modifying agents include, but are not limited to, poloxamer 188, benzalkonium chloride, calcium stearate, cetostearl alcohol, sorbitan esters, colloidal, silicon dioxide, phosphates, sodium dodecylsulfate, magnesium aluminum silicate, lauryl sulfates, and triethanolamine.
  • Examples of lubricants include, without limitation, magnesium stearate, light anhydrous silicic acid, talc and sodium lauryl sulfate.
  • Examples of granulating agents include, without limitation, silicon dioxide, microcrystalline cellulose, starch, calcium carbonate, pectin, crospovidone, and polyplasdone.
  • Examples of disintegrating agents include, without limitation, pharmaceutically acceptable starches (e.g. corn, potato or tapioca starch), carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylstarch, substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, sodium bicarbonate, calcium phosphate, and calcium citrate.
  • emollients include, without limitation, stearyl alcohol, mink oil, cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, isopropyl laurate, polyethylene glycol, olive oil, petroleum jelly, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and myristyl myristate.
  • Useful tablet formulations may be made by conventional compression, wet granulation or dry granulation methods and utilize pharmaceutically acceptable diluents, binding agents, lubricants, disintegrants, surface modifying agents (including surfactants), suspending or stabilizing agents as described above.
  • Oral formulations herein may utilize standard delay or time-release formulations to alter the absorption of the active compound(s).
  • the oral formulation may also consist of administering the active ingredient in water or a fruit juice, containing appropriate solubilizers or emulsifiers as needed.
  • the compounds (including salts, hydrates and solvates) and the compositions of the present invention may also be administered parenterally or intraperitoneal ⁇ .
  • Solutions or suspensions of these active compounds (including the salts) and the compositions of the present invention can be prepared in water optionally mixed with a surfactant such as hydroxy- propylcellulose.
  • Dispersions can also be prepared in glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycols and mixtures thereof in oils. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations contain a preservative to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
  • the pharmaceutical forms suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersions.
  • the form must be sterile and must be fluid to the extent that easy syringability exists. It must be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
  • the carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (e.g., glycerol, propylene glycol and liquid polyethylene glycol), vegetable oils, and suitable mixtures thereof.
  • transdermal administrations are understood to include all administrations across the surface of the body and the inner linings of bodily passages including epithelial and mucosal tissues. Such administrations may be carried out using the present compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, in lotions, creams, foams, patches, suspensions, solutions, and suppositories (rectal and vaginal).
  • Transdermal administration may be accomplished through the use of a transdermal patch containing the active compound and a carrier that is inert to the active compound, is non-toxic to the skin, and allows delivery of the agent for systemic absorption into the blood stream via the skin.
  • the carrier may take any number of forms such as creams and ointments, pastes, gels, and occlusive devices.
  • the creams and ointments may be viscous liquid or semisolid emulsions of either the oil-in-water or water-in-oil type. Pastes comprised of absorptive powders dispersed in petroleum or hydrophilic petroleum containing the active ingredient may also be suitable.
  • sustained delivery devices can be used, in order to avoid the necessity to take medications on a daily basis.
  • sustained delivery is used herein to refer to delaying the release of an active agent, i.e., a compound of Formula I, until after placement in a delivery environment, followed by a sustained release of the agent at a later time.
  • sustained delivery devices include, for example, hydrogels (U.S. Pat. Nos.
  • osmotic pumps U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,295,987 and 5,273,752 and European Pat. No. 314,206, among others; hydrophobic membrane materials, such as ethylenemethacrylate (EMA) and ethylenevinylacetate (EVA); bioresorbable polymer systems (International Patent Publication No. WO 98/44964 and U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,756,127 and 5,854,388); and other bioresorbable implant devises composed of, for example, polyesters, polyanhydrides, or lactic acid/glycolic acid copolymers (U.S. Pat. No. 5,817,343).
  • the compounds of the invention can be formulated as described herein.
  • Suppository formulations may be made from traditional materials, including cocoa butter, with or without the addition of waxes to alter the suppository's melting point, and glycerin.
  • Water- soluble suppository bases such as polyethylene glycols of various molecular weights, may also be used.
  • the compounds of Formula I have utility for the repression and/or treatment of disorders involving the mGluR ⁇ receptor, such as anxiety and depression disorders.
  • disorders or conditions which can be treated by the compounds, compositions and methods of this invention include anxiety and depression disorders.
  • Anxiety disorders can include, for example, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, PTSD, and social anxiety disorder.
  • Depression disorders can include, for example, depression in cancer patients, depression in Parkinson's patients, post-mycardial infarction depression, depression in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Subsyndromal Symptomatic depression, depression in infertile women, pediatric depression, major depression, single episode depression, recurrent depression, child abuse induced depression, post partum depression, DSM-IV major depression, treatment- refractory major depression, severe depression, psychotic depression, post-stroke depression, neuropathic pain, manic depressive illness, including manic depressive illness with mixed episodes and manic depressive illness with depressive episodes, seasonal affective disorder, bipolar depression BP 1 , bipolar depression BP II, or major depression with dysthymia.
  • HOV human immunodeficiency virus
  • R r , R 6 , Xi, X 2 and Z variables are as described above and X5 is halogen or bromine, with an acetylene of Formula Q 4 -CCH, in the presence of a palladium triphenyphosphine- containing catalyst for a time and under conditions effective to form a compound of Formula IV.
  • the palladium triphenyphosphine-containing catalyst is Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 CI 2 .
  • X 5 is halogen, for a time and under conditions effective to form the compound of Formula IX.
  • X 5 is bromine.
  • reaction of sulfonyl chlorides with N-substituted piperazines using TEA in DCM produced sulfonamides (XII).
  • Sonagashira coupling of bromoaromatics (XII) with acetylenes using Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 CI 2 in the presence of CuI and TEA under microwave conditions produced the desired target compounds (XIII) (see WO 2005/123713).
  • XII wherein the constituent variables are as defined above, and X 5 is halogen, with an acetylene of Formula Q 4 -CCH; in the presence of a palladium triphenyphosphine-containing catalyst for a time and under conditions effective to form the compounds of Formula XII.
  • the palladium triphenyphosphine-containing catalyst is Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 CI 2 .
  • processes are provided for preparing compounds of Formula XV, wherein the constituent variables are as defined above, comprising reacting a compound of Formula XIV with an acetylene as shown in Scheme 6, in the presence of a palladium triphenyphosphine- containing catalyst, for example Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 CI 2 , for a time and under conditions effective to form the compound of Formula XV.
  • a palladium triphenyphosphine- containing catalyst for example Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 CI 2
  • MS Conditions Instrument: Agilent MSD; Ionization Mode: API-ES; Gas Temperature: 350 0 C; Drying Gas: 1 1.0 L/min.; Nebulizer Pressure: 55 psig; Polarity: 50% positive, 50% negative; VCap: 3000 V (positive), 2500 V (negative); Fragmentor: 80 (positive), 120 (negative); Mass Range: 100 - 1000 m/z; Threshold: 150; Step size: 0.15; Gain: 1 ; Peak width: 0.15 minutes.
  • Preparative reverse-phase HPLC Compounds were in dissolved in 2 mL of 1 :1 DMSO:MeCN, filtered through a 0.45 ⁇ m GMF, and purified on a Gilson HPLC, using a Phenomenex LUNA d ⁇ column: 60 mm x 21.2 mm I. D., 5 um particle size: with ACN/H 2 O (containing 0.2% TFA) gradient elution (95:5 H 2 O:MeCN to 10:90 H 2 O:MeCN; 8 minute run.
  • RP-HPLC Preparative reverse-phase HPLC
  • MGIuR ⁇ expressing HEK-293 cells were scraped off a plate, transferred to centrifuge tubes and washed twice by centrifugation (2000 rpm for 10 minutes, at 4°C) in buffer ( ⁇ O mM Tris pH 7. ⁇ ). The resulting pellets were aliquoted and stored at minus 80 0 C. On the day of assay, the cells were thawed on ice and re-suspended in buffer. The binding assay was performed in a 96 well microtiter plate in a total volume of 2 ⁇ O ⁇ m. Non-specific binding was determined in the presence of 10 ⁇ M MPEP.
  • the binding reaction included a final radioligand [ 3 H]-MPEP concentration of 4 nM and 12-25 ⁇ g membrane protein per well. Following a 60 minute incubation at room temperature, the reaction was terminated by the addition of ice cold buffer and rapid filtration through a GF/B filter that had been presoaked for 30 minutes in 0.5% PEI. Compounds were initially tested in a single point assay to determine percent inhibition at 10 ⁇ M. Subsequently, K 1 values were determined for compounds considered to be active.
  • IC 50 values were calculated using GraphPad by fitting to a 1 or 2 site-binding model. K 1 values were calculated from the apparent IC 50 values using the Cheng-Prussof Equation (Biochem. Pharmacol. 22:3099-3108, 1973):
  • [L] is the concentration of free radioligand and K d is the dissociation constant of radioligand for the receptor.
  • Step 1 (3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-(pyridine-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methanone
  • Step 3 2-Chloro-N-[3-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H- cyclohepta[b]thien- 2-yl]benzamide 1-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazine (0.051 ml, 0.337 mmol) was added to 3- (phenylethynyl)benzoic acid (50 mg, 0.225 mmol) in DMF (1 ml). This solution was stirred for 15 minutes at which time HOBt (51.7 mg, 0.337 mmol) and EDCI (64.7 mg, 0.337 mmol) were added, and the reaction was allowed to stir overnight.
  • Step 1 (3-hydroxyphenyl)(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methanone
  • Step 1 3-(chloromethyl)phenyl)(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methanone
  • Step 2 1-[3-(phenoxymethyl)benzoyl]-4-pyridin-2-ylpiperazine A solution of potassium carbonate (0.277 mmol) and phenol (0.277 mmol) in DMF (1.5 ml) was prepared and stirred for 25 minutes. To this was added a solution of (3- (chloromethyl)phenyl)(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methanone (0.222 mmol) in DMF (1.5 ml). After stirring for 30 minutes at room temperature, the reaction was heated to 40 0 C and stirred for 16 hours.
  • Step 1 3-bromo-N-(2-(ethyl(pyridin-2-yl)amino)ethyl)-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide To a solution of 1-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazine (6.21 mmol) and TEA (6.71 mmol) in 30 ml_
  • Step 2 3-( ⁇ 3-[(4-pyridin-2-ylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl] phenyl ⁇ ethynyl)phenol
  • Step 1 1-(3-bromobenzyl)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazine.
  • 1-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazine 6.1 mmol
  • DIEA 14.4 mmol
  • 1-bromo-3-(bromomethyl)benzene 7.4 mmol
  • the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours at which time LCMS indicated the reaction was complete.
  • the reaction was diluted with 50 ml. EtOAc and washed with 10 ml. saturated NH 4 CI, 10 ml. water, and 50 ml_ brine.
  • the organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 and concentrated in vacuo. Purification via silica column chromatography (Hex:EtOac as eluent) produced 1-(3-bromobenzyl)-4-(pyridin-2- yl)piperazine.
  • Step 2 3-( ⁇ 3-[(4-pyridin-2-ylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]phenyl ⁇ ethynyl)phenol
  • Step 1 Methyl 4-methoxy-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoate
  • Step 3 terf-Butyl 4-(4-methoxy-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
  • Step 4 (4-methoxy-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)phenyl)(piperazin-1-yl)methanone hydrochloric acid salt
  • Step 1 Methyl 4-methyl-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoate
  • Methyl 3-iodo-4-methylbenzoate (5.52 g, 20 mmol), 2-ethynylpyridine (3.2 ml_, 31 mmol), and triethylamine (6.2 ml_, 44.7 mmol) were dissolved in 100 ml. of toluene and purged with nitrogen. Then CuI (0.78 g, 3.9 mmol) and Pd(Ph 3 P) 2 CI 2 (2.9 g, 4.1 mmol) were added and the resulting suspension was stirred at 100 0 C for 6 hours. The reaction was concentrated at reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography on silica (40:1 CH 2 CI 2 /Et0Ac) to yield 2.63 g (52%) of the product as a greenish solid.
  • Methyl 4-methyl-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoate (2.2 g, 8.7 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of THF (75 ml_), MeOH (25 ml_), and H 2 O (25 ml.) and treated with lithium hydroxide monohydrate (420 mg, 10 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight and then concentrated at reduced pressure. The remaining residue was diluted with 50 ml. of H 2 O and acidified to pH 4.0 with 1 N HCI. The resulting precipitate was collected by suction filtration. The collected precipitate was dried in a vacuum oven at 50 0 C for 3 hours to yield 1.57 g (76%) of the carboxylic acid as a gray solid. No additional purification of the carboxylic acid was required.
  • Step 3 (4-(Benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)piperazin-1 -yl)(4-methyl-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)phenyl) methanone (Compound 307)
  • Step 1 Methyl 4-fluoro-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoate
  • Step 3 2- ⁇ 4-[4-Fluoro-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoyl]piperazin-1-yl ⁇ pyrimidine (Compound 312)
  • Methyl 4-hydroxy-3-iodobenzoate (2.78 g, 10 mmol) was dissolved in 20 ml. of DMF and treated with Cs 2 CO 3 (6.5 g, 20 mmol) and ethyliodide (1.0 ml_, 12 mmol). The resulting suspension was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was subsequently diluted with EtOAc and washed with water (X2) and brine. The organic layer was dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered, and concentrated at reduced pressure to yield 3.0 g of a white solid. The crude material was used in the next step without additional purification.
  • Methyl 4-ethoxy-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoate (1.1 g, 3.9 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of THF (75 ml_), MeOH (25 ml_), and H 2 O (25 ml.) and treated with lithium hydroxide monohydrate (420 mg, 10 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight and then concentrated at reduced pressure. The remaining residue was diluted with 50 ml. of H 2 O and acidified to pH 4.0 with 1 N HCI. The resulting precipitate was collected by suction filtration. The collected precipitate was dried in a vacuum oven at 50 0 C for 3 hours to yield 857 mg (82%) of the carboxylic acid as an off-white solid. No additional purification of the carboxylic acid was required.
  • Step 4 1-[4-Ethoxy-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoyl]-4-pyridin-2-ylpiperazine (Compound 318)
  • Step 1 Methyl 4-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-3-iodobenzoate
  • Step 3 4-(Cyclopropylmethoxy)-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoic acid
  • Step 4 1- ⁇ [4-(Cyclopropylmethoxy)-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)phenyl] carbonyl ⁇ -4-pyridin-2- ylpiperazine (Compound 323)
  • Step 1 Methyl 4-methoxy-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoate
  • Methyl 3-iodo-4-methoxybenzoate (6.0 g, 20.4 mmol), 2-ethynylpyridine (3.14 ml_, 31.1 mmol), and triethylamine (6.2 ml_, 44.7 mmol) were dissolved in 100 ml. of toluene and purged with nitrogen. Then CuI (0.78 g, 3.9 mmol) and Pd(Ph 3 P) 2 CI 2 (2.9 g, 4.1 mmol) were added and the resulting suspension was stirred at 100 0 C for 6 hours. The reaction was concentrated at reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography on silica (20:1 CH 2 CI 2 /Et0Ac) to yield 5.3 g (96%) of product as a brown solid.
  • Methyl 4-methoxy-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoate (5.3 g, 20 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of THF (150 ml_), MeOH (20 ml_), and H 2 O (40 ml.) and treated with lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1.68 g, 40 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight and then concentrated at reduced pressure to an approximate volume of 40 ml_. The remaining solution was diluted with an additional 50 ml. of H 2 O, washed with Et 2 O (X2), and acidified to pH 4.0. The resulting precipitate was collected by suction filtration.
  • Step 1 4-(4-Methoxy-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoyl)piperazin-2-one
  • Step 2 1-Benzyl-4-[4-methoxy-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoyl] piperazin-2-one (Compound 331 )
  • step 2 The title compound was prepared from methyl 3-bromo-4- (trifluoromethoxy)benzoate (step 2) in substantially the same manner as described in Example 3, step 3.
  • step 3 The title compound was prepared from methyl 4-(trifluoromethoxy)-3-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)benzoate (step 3) in substantially the same manner as described in Example 3, step 4.
  • Step 5 1-Pyridin-2-yl-4- ⁇ [3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)-4-(trifluoro methoxy)phenyl] carbonyl ⁇ piperazine
  • the title compound was prepared from 3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)-4-(trifluoro methoxy)benzoic acid (step 4) and 1-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazine in substantially the same manner as described in Example 3, step 5.
  • Step 1 Methyl 4-methoxy-3-((trimethylsilyl)ethynyl)benzoate
  • step 2 The title compound was prepared from methyl 3-ethynyl-4-methoxybenzoate (step 2) in substantially the same manner as described in Example 3, step 4.
  • Step 4 (3-Ethynyl-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methanone
  • the title compound was prepared from 3-Ethynyl-4-methoxybenzoic acid (step 3) and 2-(piperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine in substantially the same manner as described in Example 3, step 5.
  • step 4 (pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methanone (step 4) in substantially the same manner as described in Example 3, step 3.
  • Step 5 3-(4- ⁇ [3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] carbonyl ⁇ piperazin-1-yl)- 1 ,2-benzisoxazole
  • Triethylamine (1.1 ml_, 8.1 mmol) was added to a mixture of 3-(pyridin-2- ylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (di-sodium chloride salt, 1.1 g, 2.7 mmol) from step 4, 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (0.62 g, 3.2 mmol), 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (0.44 mg, 3.2 mmol) and 3-(piperazin-1- yl)benzo[d]isoxazole (0.62 g, 3.0 mmol) in dichloromethane (20 ml.) with stirring at room temperature under an atmosphere of nitrogen.
  • Step 4 1- ⁇ [4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)phenyl] carbonyl ⁇ -4-pyridin-2- ylpiperazine
  • Triethylamine (0.48 ml_, 3.5 mmol) was added to a mixture of 4-
  • Step 1 methyl 4-chloro-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoate
  • Methyl 3-bromo-4-chlorobenzoate (1.758 g, 7.089 mmol), 2-ethynyl pyridine (1.40 mL, 13.9 mmol), and triethylamine (2.20 mL, 15.8 mmol) were dissolved in 34 ml. dry toluene. Nitrogen gas was bubbled through the mixture for 10 minutes, and then dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(ll) (1.00 g, 1.42 mmol) and copper(l) iodide (0.268 g, 1.41 mmol) were added to the mixture. Nitrogen was bubbled through the mixture for another 5 minutes, and then the mixture was then heated to 100 0 C for 6 hours.
  • Step 3 1-[4-chloro-3-(pyridin-2-ylethynyl)benzoyl]-4-pyridin-2-yl piperazine
  • Triethylamine (0.045 ml_, 0.323 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was then partitioned between ethyl acetate and water, and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phase was pumped dry, and was purified by prep HPLC using a Gilson reversed-phase HPLC with TFA modified water and acetonitrile as eluant. The solid obtained from the fractions containing the desired product was taken up in 0.7 mL methanol, and 2N HCI (0.050 mL, 0.100 mmol) was added.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une pipérazine utilisée en tant que modulateurs allostériques négatifs agissant sur le récepteur métabotropique du glutamate de type 5 (mGluR5) et répondant à la formule (I) ; dans laquelle les variables constituantes sont telles que définies dans le présent document. La présente invention concerne en outre des procédés de préparation des composés, et des procédés d’utilisation des composés pour le traitement de maladies et de troubles comprenant la schizophrénie, la paranoïa, la dépression, une psychose maniaco-dépressive et l’anxiété.
PCT/US2009/044938 2008-05-23 2009-05-22 Pipérazine utilisée en tant que modulateurs allostériques négatifs agissant sur le récepteur métabotropique du glutamate de type 5 (mglur5) WO2009143404A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US8822464B2 (en) 2011-11-28 2014-09-02 Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh N-aryl-piperazine derivatives and their use as positive allosteric modulators of mGluR5 receptors
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US10793554B2 (en) 2018-10-29 2020-10-06 Forma Therapeutics, Inc. Solid forms of 4-(2-fluoro-4-(1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)benzoyl)piperazin-1-yl)(1-hydroxycyclopropyl)methanone
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