WO2009138043A1 - 船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机 - Google Patents

船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009138043A1
WO2009138043A1 PCT/CN2009/071812 CN2009071812W WO2009138043A1 WO 2009138043 A1 WO2009138043 A1 WO 2009138043A1 CN 2009071812 W CN2009071812 W CN 2009071812W WO 2009138043 A1 WO2009138043 A1 WO 2009138043A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ship
support
support rod
dock
unloading
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/071812
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
游勇
Original Assignee
You Yong
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by You Yong filed Critical You Yong
Publication of WO2009138043A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009138043A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/10Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of cranes
    • B63B27/12Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of cranes of gantry type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C19/00Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ship-shore double-support cargo loading and unloading ship machine with support points respectively placed on a ship or a shore. Background technique
  • the cantilever type lifting method the unstable movement of the wind, the inertial force of the ship and the wave motion of the ship directly affect the stability of the air cargo, thus reducing the efficiency and safety of the crane.
  • the efficiency of container bridge cranes is 25-30 boxes per minute, which is difficult to improve. Safety can not be ignored. Accidents of falling or damaging goods in the air often occur. Under the typhoon, the cranes on the docks are blown into the sea. The events have also occurred from time to time.
  • the large-scale development of container ships has intensified. Since the world's first 10,000-box container ship was launched in 2006, less than two years ago, more than 10,000 ships have been built and under construction in the world, with an alarming speed. The larger the ship, the longer the cantilevered crane on the dock is required to extend beyond the cantilever, the longest of which has exceeded 60 meters. A 40-ton heavy box, or even two 40-ton heavy boxes (two containers at a time), should be hoisted at the end of a 60-meter-long cantilever, and the structure of the cantilever and crane would be unimaginable for ordinary people.
  • the port must constantly adapt to the requirements of increasing the length of the cantilever caused by the large-scale container ship, otherwise it will lose development opportunities. However, it is not a simple matter to lengthen the cantilever length.
  • the bridge crane should be redesigned and purchased, and the dock should be rebuilt. With the increase in investment, a series of problems have followed, making the port difficult to cope with.
  • the commonly used container ships do not have the functions of automatic access and reverse boxing. When the box needs to be reversed, it can only be carried out by the bridge crane on the dock.
  • some ships have their own gantry cranes, tower cranes and A-type cranes.
  • the floating effect of the ship, the rotation of the ship, the inertia of the wind, the waves and the movement, the working condition is extremely unstable, the efficiency is low, and the safety is difficult to guarantee.
  • the cantilever spreaders such as gantry cranes, tower cranes and A-type cranes have their own structural weights, especially the boats are difficult to carry.
  • the cantilever spreader is a weak link in the transportation of goods between the ship and the dock.
  • the object of the present invention is to realize the transfer of goods between a ship and a dock by using a ship-supported ship-on-shore double-support cargo loading and unloading ship.
  • One support point of the ship-shore double-support cargo handling ship is placed on the ship, and the other is placed on the shore to form a simple support beam mechanism, which simplifies the crane structure, reduces the weight of the crane itself, and reduces the air lifting distance of the cargo.
  • the mode of travel is also simplified to a straight line, which greatly enhances the stability and controllability of cargo in the air, greatly improves efficiency and safety, and enables rapid transfer of goods between ships and terminals.
  • the ship-shore double-support cargo loading and unloading ship includes beams, support rods, spreaders, hoists, mobile trolleys, and the beam has two support points, one on the ship and the other on the pier to form a simple support beam mechanism.
  • One of the support points is a fixed end, and the other support point is a movable end;
  • the cross beam is both a weight support member of the ship-shore double-supported cargo handling machine, and a track for the mobile trolley to move, the beam and the rail are integrated, so The mobile trolley moves on the beam, that is, the mobile trolley moves on the beam track.
  • the fixed end of the beam When the fixed end of the beam is on the ship, that is, the ship-shore double-support cargo loading and unloading ship is carried by the ship, the fixed end of the beam is hinged to the ship, and the supporting steel frame in the horizontal direction of the ship is provided with a crane track at the fixed end of the beam and Below the articulated outside of the ship, there is a movable support above the crane track, and the beam can move along the crane track with its fixed end movable support, thereby achieving the purpose of extending the beam out of the ship or retracting into the ship.
  • the beam is provided with a support support. When the beam is movable along the fixed end of the beam, the support beam acts as a support beam so that the support rod on the movable end can be suspended and contracted.
  • the fixed end of the beam is a relative fixed, that is, the spreader on the beam is fixed by the locking mechanism, and when the beam needs to extend out of the ship or retract into the ship, the beam along the fixed end movable support along
  • the ship When the fixed end of the beam is on the ship, the ship is provided with a trolley track parallel to the plane of the beam.
  • the length of the track is the same as the width of the ship, and the whole ship is transversely penetrated.
  • the function is: no matter the beam can move with the fixed end Support along Where the ship's orbit moves, the movable trolley on the beam can move in the entire lateral direction of the ship, so that the cargo at any position in the lateral direction of the ship can be suspended. That is to say:
  • the movable trolley on the beam can move on the beam and move on the trolley track.
  • the movable trolley on the beam can move on the beam and move on the trolley track, ensuring that the cargo at any position in the lateral direction of the ship can be hung up and down, but the crane on the beam does not necessarily reach the longitudinal direction of the ship.
  • a position, for which a longitudinally movable gantry and a longitudinal rail can be arranged on the ship the longitudinally movable gantry can be moved longitudinally along the ship in the longitudinal rail, and the fixed end of the beam is hinged to the longitudinally movable gantry to make the beam and
  • the trolley track moves with the gantry in the longitudinal direction of the ship, so that the crane on the beam can reach any position of the ship.
  • a longitudinal locking mechanism is provided between the movable gantry and the longitudinal rail to ensure that the longitudinally movable gantry is fixed during the crane operation on the beam.
  • the longitudinally movable gantry hinged to the fixed end of the beam can be folded to minimize the height of the water to the ship and to make the view of the building at the rear of the ship wider.
  • the height of the water to the ship can be minimized to meet the clearance requirements under the river.
  • the folding structure is constructed as follows: a longitudinally movable gantry support member on the side of the ship moves laterally in the ship, and the moving distance is determined according to the height of the lifting cargo, the height of the spreader and the height of the hoist, and the longitudinal movable gantry support structure quadrangular four-corner member By means of articulation, a foldable parallelogram structure is formed which allows the quadrilateral to be folded in the direction of the moving longitudinally movable gantry support member.
  • the longitudinally movable gantry parallelogram structure moves in the opposite direction and will return to the working state. The structural stability of the working state can be ensured by the hydraulic cylinder support mechanism.
  • the joint between the fixed end of the beam and the ship is preferably located close to the longitudinal section of the ship, that is, the middle of the ship, to minimize the laterality of the ship. Especially for boats, when loading heavy loads, this is very important. Within the allowable range of the ship's lateral stability, the fixed end of the beam and the ship connection point may be located close to the ship's side.
  • the ship-shore double-support cargo loading and unloading ship is installed on the dock.
  • the fixed end of the beam is connected with the fixed building on the dock.
  • the movable end of the beam falls on the ship through the support rod, and the beam can be moved.
  • the end is connected to one end of the support rod, the support rod is fixed at the center of the support wheel, the support wheel can rotate around the center, the support wheel falls on the ship, the support rod can move and contract with the up and down movement of the beam, and the length of the support rod is locked by the loading and unloading machine
  • the mechanism lock is no longer changed.
  • There are mobile trolleys on the beam that can move along the beam.
  • the mobile trolley has a hoist.
  • the hoist is equipped with a spreader that can drive the vertical movement of the cargo.
  • the fixed end of the beam When the fixed end is on the dock, the fixed end of the beam can be hinged to the fixed building on the dock so that the beam can be retracted.
  • the fixed end of the beam can also be connected to a movable support as in the above-mentioned ship, so as to allow the beam to move in the lateral direction of the ship on the dock.
  • the movable end of the beam and the end of the support rod can be rigidly connected.
  • the beam falls on the dock or the ship through the support rod connected to the movable end.
  • the support rod is fixed at the center of the support wheel.
  • the support wheel can rotate around the center, and the support wheel falls on the dock.
  • the support rod can be moved and contracted with the up and down movement of the beam. When the loader is working, the length of the support rod is no longer changed by the locking mechanism.
  • the beam has a moving trolley that can move along the beam.
  • the moving trolley has a hoist on the hoist. There is a spreader that can drive the vertical movement of the goods.
  • the movable end of the beam and the support rod can be hinged at one end, and the beam falls on the dock or the ship through the support rod connected to the movable end, and the support rod can rotate around the hinge, and the rotation is controlled by the folding control mechanism, and the folding control mechanism can
  • the support rod is folded toward the beam, and the folding control mechanism is composed of a folding support rod and a folding telescopic rod.
  • the folding control mechanism causes the support rod to move to the side of the ship or the dock, when loading and unloading
  • the folding control mechanism keeps the support rod and the loading and unloading ship cross member in a vertical state, and is locked by the upper locking mechanism.
  • Loading Move the gantry on the ship so that the ship's double-point loading and unloading ship reaches the designated position in the longitudinal direction of the ship, then move the beam in the direction of the pier. Adjust the telescopic mechanism on the support rod before the beam support support leaves the crane track. Bring the support wheel on it to the dock surface and continue to move the beam in the direction of the pier until it can be loaded and unloaded; the cargo is transported by the trailer or other means of transport on the dock below the ship's double-point loading and unloading ship, through which The spreader and hoist are hoisted and transported to the designated location on the ship via the mobile trolley on the beam.
  • Unloading The pre-operation preparation of the ship's shore double-point loading and unloading ship is the same as above.
  • the cargo at the designated position in the ship is lifted and lifted by the spreader of the machine, and then sent to the top of the dock of the ship's double-point loading and unloading ship with the mobile trolley. It is then sent by the aircraft to the trailer on the dock below it.
  • the port no longer needs huge cargo handling cranes. It is no longer necessary to configure special docks for cargo handling cranes. As long as they can rely on ships, cargo handling can be carried out. Therefore, the terminal cost will be greatly reduced.
  • the ship comes with a retractable container loading and unloading ship.
  • the container ship is large enough and the sea conditions permit, the two ships can be berthed together in the appropriate sea area of the international ocean route, using the container loading and unloading of the ship.
  • the container ship is docked at sea, or the big ship and the boat are docked at sea.
  • the container is dispersed by the boat to the surrounding ports.
  • the water depth of the port can be reduced. Enter the port smoothly with harsh restrictions, or directly by the boat, and return after full.
  • the future ocean-going container ship can be made as large as possible to meet the shipping company's demand for large-scale ships, and the port does not have to be built very large.
  • the boat can attack the big ship from all sides of the small port. The goods are fed to the big ship.
  • the ship's own retractable container loading and unloading ship machine and the cancellation of the terminal container loading and unloading facilities will greatly shorten the distance traveled by the container in the air. At the same time, the operational stability will increase and the difficulty will be reduced, which will double the container loading and unloading efficiency and make the port container Transportation is fast, safe and punctual in the true sense.
  • the structural strength of the container terminal should be large enough to resist the external forces such as the weight of the container, the weight of the container handling equipment and the inertia of the lifting, and increase the investment in the container terminal, making the small port and the small terminal daunting for container transportation.
  • the small self-loading and unloading container ship can overcome the weakness of the existing small and medium-sized ports or terminals in the inland rivers and coastal areas without container loading and unloading conditions.
  • the ship has its own portable loading and unloading ship facilities. As long as the water depth is sufficient, the ship can be berthed as long as it can drive the container.
  • Trailers which can withstand the weight of containers, can be automated container loading and unloading vessels for any light board terminal without loading and unloading facilities.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention when it is retracted into a ship;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention with a longitudinally movable gantry
  • Figure 5 is a side view of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention disposed on a dock
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention with a folding mechanism
  • Figure 8 shows the installation of a ship-shore double-point container loading and unloading ship on a 72TEU container ship
  • Figure 9 shows the installation of a ship-shore double-point container loading and unloading ship on a 1350TEU container ship.
  • Figure 10 shows the application of the ship-shore double-point container loading and unloading machine on the automated container ship. detailed description
  • Figure 1 is a top view of the ship's own ship-to-shore double-support cargo loading and unloading ship
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ship's own ship-shore double-supported cargo handling ship
  • Figure 5 is the ship's own ship-shore double-supported cargo handling ship.
  • the side view of the machine, from these three views, clearly reflects the construction and specific structure of the ship's self-contained ship-shore double-support cargo handling machine 1.
  • the ship-shore double-support cargo loading and unloading ship 1 is composed of a beam 2, a support rod 3, a spreader 4, a hoist 5, and a mobile trolley 6.
  • the beam 2 has two support points, one on the ship 7, and the other On the pier 8, a simple beam structure is formed, one of which is a fixed end and the other is a movable end; the beam 2 is both a weight supporting member of the ship-shore double-support cargo handling machine 1, and also a
  • the track, the beam and the rail for moving the mobile cart 6 are integrated, so that the mobile cart 6 moves on the cross member 2, that is, the mobile cart 6 moves on the cross member rail.
  • Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 that when the fixed end of the beam is on the ship 7, that is, the ship-shore double-supported cargo handling machine 1 is carried by the ship 7, the fixed end of the beam 2 is connected with the ship hinge, and the ship 7 supports the steel in the lateral direction.
  • a crane rail 11 is arranged on the frame 19, and a movable support 12 is arranged on the lower side of the crane rail 11.
  • the cross member 2 can move along the crane rail 11 with the fixed end movable support 12 thereof, so as to extend the beam 2 out of the ship. 7 outside or retracted within the purpose of the ship 7.
  • beam 2 is provided with a support support 13 .
  • the support support 13 functions as a support beam 2 so that the support rod 3 on the movable end can be suspended Start and shrink.
  • the fixed end of the beam 2 is a relative fixing, that is, the spreader on the beam 2 is fixed by the locking mechanism, and when the beam 2 needs to extend out of the ship 7 or retract into the ship 7, the beam 2 is fixed.
  • the end movable carriage 12 moves along the crane rail 11.
  • the ship 7 when the fixed end of the beam 2 is on the ship 7, the ship 7 is provided with a trolley track 14 which is parallel to the plane of the beam 2, and the track 14 is the same width as the ship, and the transverse direction is full.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a ship-borne dual-support cargo handling machine with a longitudinally movable gantry, the movable trolley 6 on the beam 2 can be moved on the beam 2 and on the trolley track 14 The upper movement ensures that the cargo at any position in the transverse direction can be suspended and hoisted, but the crane on the beam 2 does not necessarily reach a certain position in the longitudinal direction of the ship 7.
  • a longitudinally movable gantry is provided on the ship 7.
  • the frame 15 and the longitudinal rail 16, the longitudinally movable gantry 15 can be longitudinally moved along the longitudinal direction of the ship 7, and the fixed end of the beam 2 is hingedly connected with the longitudinally movable gantry 15, so that the beam 2 and the trolley track 16 follow the gantry
  • the frame 15 is moved in the longitudinal direction of the ship 7 so that the crane on the beam 2 can reach any position of the ship 7.
  • a locking device is provided between the longitudinally movable gantry 15 provided on the ship 7 and the longitudinal rail 16 to ensure that the longitudinally movable gantry 15 is fixed during the crane operation on the beam 2.
  • connection point between the fixed end of the beam 2 and the ship 7 is preferably located near the longitudinal section of the ship 7, that is, the middle of the ship 7 To minimize the laterality of the ship 7. Especially for boats, when loading heavy loads, this is very important. Within the allowable range of the ship's lateral stability, the fixed end of the beam 2 and the bow connection point may be located close to the ship's side.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the ship-shore double-support cargo handling ship machine installed on the dock.
  • the ship-shore double-support cargo loading and unloading ship is set on the dock, the fixed end of the beam 2 and the pier
  • the fixed building connection on the 8th the movable end of the beam 2 falls on the bow through the support rod 3
  • the movable end of the beam 2 is connected to the end of the support rod 3
  • the support rod 3 is fixed at the center of the support wheel 9, and the support wheel 9 can be Rotating around the center, the support wheel 9 falls on the bow, and the support rod 9 can be expanded and contracted with the up and down movement of the beam 2.
  • the length of the support rod 3 is locked by the locking mechanism, and the beam 2 has A moving trolley 6 movable along the beam 2, the mobile trolley 6 has a hoist 5, and the hoist 5 is provided with a spreader 4 for driving the vertical movement of the cargo.
  • the fixed end of the beam 2 is hinged to the fixed building on the dock so that the beam 2 can be retracted.
  • the fixed end of the beam 2 can also be connected to a movable support as in the above-described ship 7, so that the beam 2 can be moved in the lateral direction of the ship 7 on the wharf 8.
  • the movable end of the beam 2 and the support rod 3 end may be rigidly connected, and the beam 2 is supported on the dock 8 or the ship 7 by the support rod 3 connected by the movable end.
  • the support rod 3 is fixed at the center of the support wheel 9, and the support wheel 9 is Rotating around this center, the support wheel 9 falls on the dock 8, and the support rod 3 can be expanded and contracted with the up and down movement of the beam 2.
  • the length of the support rod 3 is locked by the locking mechanism, and the beam 2 has Movement along the beam 2
  • the moving trolley 6, the mobile trolley 6 has a hoist 5, and the hoist 5 is provided with a spreader 4 for driving the vertical movement of the cargo.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a ship-supported double-supported cargo handling ship with a folding mechanism.
  • the movable end of the beam 2 and the support rod 3 end can be hinged, and the beam 2 is connected by a movable end. 3 falling on the dock 8 or the boat 7, the support rod 3 is rotatable about the hinge, the rotation is controlled by the folding control mechanism 10, the folding modulation mechanism 10 can fold the support rod 3 in the direction of the beam 2, and the folding control mechanism 10 is folded
  • the support rod and the folding telescopic rod are configured.
  • the folding control mechanism 10 causes the support rod 3 to also move to the side of the ship or the side of the dock.
  • the folding control mechanism 10 The support rod 3 is kept in a vertical state with the beam 2 of the loading and unloading ship 1, and is locked by the upper locking mechanism.
  • the telescopic mechanism on the support rod 3 is adjusted so that the support wheel 9 on the support wheel 9 contacts the wharf surface and continues to
  • the beam 2 is moved in the direction of the terminal 8 until the loading and unloading operation is possible; the cargo 17 is transported on the dock by the trailer 18 or other means of transport to the ship's shore double-point loading and unloading machine 1, via the spreader 4 and the hoist 5 thereon. After lifting, it is transported by the mobile cart 6 on the beam 2 to a designated position on the ship 7.
  • Unloading The pre-operation preparation of the ship-shore double-point loading and unloading machine 1 is the same as above.
  • the cargo 17 at the designated position in the ship 7 is lifted and lifted by the spreader 4 of the machine 1, and then sent to the ship's shore with the mobile station 6 Above the wharf 8 of the loading and unloading machine, the machine 1 is then sent to the trailer 18 on the lower dock 8 below.
  • Moving the gantry 15 on the ship causing the ship's shore double-point loading and unloading machine 1 to reach the designated position in the longitudinal direction of the ship 7, moving the moving trolley 6 on the beam 2 to the designated position on the ship 7, lifting the cargo 17, and moving the beam 2 laterally
  • the upper moving carriage 6 is moved to the longitudinally designated position to vertically move the gantry 15 to the longitudinal designated position, thereby achieving the purpose of moving the cargo 17 inside the ship.
  • move the jammed goods to another empty position first, and then move the goods to be moved.
  • Example 1 Set up a ship-shore double-point container loading and unloading machine on a 72TEU container ship
  • a ship-shore double-support container loading and unloading ship is installed on the 72TEU container ship, as shown in Figure 8.
  • Example 2 Setting up a ship-shore double-point container loading and unloading machine on a 1350 TEU container ship
  • a ship-to-shore double-point container loading and unloading ship is installed on the 1350TEU container ship, as shown in Figure 9.
  • Example 3 Application of ship-shore double-point container loading and unloading ship on automated container ship

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)

Description

船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种支撑点分别放在船或岸上的船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机。 背景技术
综规历史, 曾经有过的各种使用在鉛和 头上、用来完成船和码头之间货物转移 的吊具. 无夕卜乎龙门吊、 克令吊 塔式、 全回转、 悬臂方式船吊) 、 A字形吊 类 龙门吊)和桥式 m, 其共同特点是采用悬臂式起吊方式起吊货物(普通龙门吊吊臂不 是悬臂式, 但当其设置在船或码头上, 用来完成货物在船和码头之间转移的吊机时, 仍然 ¾用外悬臂方式起吊货锪 因此. 也归类为悬臂式吊机)。 由于采用了悬臂起吊 货物, 就需要相应的配重, 悬臂越长配重也越大, 风荷载、 运动惯性力等不安全因素 的计算系数越大, 吊机结构强度也随之增大。 吊直接坐在码头或船上, 包括吊自重、 配重、 货物重量、 风荷载、 运动惯性力等全部荷载都要由码头或船来承担, 码头和船 的结构必须足够强, 以抵抗这些外力的作用。 因此, 采用悬臂式起吊方式, 必然使吊 机、 码头或船投资很大, 不利于船和港口经营。 此外, 悬臂式起吊方式, 货物在空中 走行运动中, 风、运动惯性力、船的波浪运动等不稳定因素直接影响空中货物的稳定 性,从而降低吊机的效率和安全性。 目前, 集装箱桥吊的作业效率在每分钟 25-30箱, 难以再提高; 安全性也不容忽视, 空中的货物跌落或损毁的事故经常发生, 在台风作 用下, 码头上的吊被吹到海里的事件也时有发生。
集装箱船舶大型化发展愈演愈烈, 自 2006年世界第一艘一万箱集装箱船下水至 今不到两年时间, 全世界已建成和在建的万箱以上的船已超过 150艘, 速度惊人。船 愈大, 要求码头上的集装箱装卸桥吊外伸悬臂愈长, 最长的已超过 60 米。 一个 40 吨的重箱, 甚至两个 40吨的重箱(一次吊两个集装箱), 要在 60米长悬臂端部吊起, 其悬臂和吊机结构该会多重是普通人难以想象的。港口要不断适应集装箱船舶大型化 带来的加大悬臂长度的要求, 否则就会失去发展机遇, 但是, 加长悬臂长度不是一件 简单的事, 桥吊要重新设计采购, 码头要重新建造, 港口投资增加, 一系列的问题接 踵而至, 让港口难以应付。
在船上, 常用的集装箱船都不具备自动化存取和倒箱功能, 需要倒箱时, 只能靠 码头上的桥吊进行, 但也有一些船自备龙门吊、 塔吊、 A型吊, 作业时受船舶漂浮、 船吊旋转、风、浪和运动惯性影响, 工作状态极不稳定, 效率低下, 安全性难以保证。 龙门吊、 塔吊、 A型吊等悬臂式吊具自身结构重量很大, 尤其小船难以携带, 即使携 带, 作业时受船舶漂浮、 船吊旋转、 风、 浪和运动惯性影响, 工作状态极不稳定, 效 率更加低下, 安全性更难以保证。 此外, 由于上述原因, 使用码头或船上的悬臂式吊 完成货物的转移难以实现自动化。 由此, 可以说, 悬臂式吊具是货物在船与码头间运输的薄弱环节。
上述存在的问题, 世界各国都在探讨新的技术和解决方案,甩挂滚上滚下运输是 其中之一, 方法是: 集装箱由拖车运送到船上, 将集装箱和挂车留在船上, 拖头开下 船,船到目的港口后再由另外的拖头上船将集装箱和挂车开下来。这种方式虽然方便, 提高了效率,减少了港口码头和设备投资,但挂车留在船上,大大降低了船的载箱率, 加大了船的运行成本, 同时, 一个箱子就要配一台挂车, 挂车的数量太多, 平时在岸 上占用场地太大, 投资加大, 难于管理。 因此, 这种方式难于大规模地推广。
2007年 10月, 中国专利局公布了"自动化集装箱船、 码头及其组成库化运输系 统的使用方法 "发明专利, 专利号: 200610048058.9, 该专利技术力图从船和码头两 个方面彻底解决目前全球集装箱水上运输中存在的各种问题,其描述的船和码头之间 的吊具虽然可以使悬臂大大缩短, 但仍然是一种悬臂式吊具。 发明内容
为了有效地解决上述问题, 本发明的目的是: 采用支撑点分别放在船或岸上的船 岸双支撑式货物装卸船机实现货物在船和码头之间的转移。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案为:
船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机的一个支撑点放在船上, 另一个放在岸上, 形成一个 简支梁机构, 使吊机结构简化, 降低吊机自身重量, 同时, 降低货物空中起吊距离, 走行方式也简化为直线, 使货物在空中的稳定性和可控性大大增强, 效率和安全性大 大提高, 可实现货物在船和码头之间快速转移。
本发明的具体技术方案为:
船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机包括横梁、 支撑杆、 吊具、 提升机、 移动台车, 横梁 有两个支撑点, 一个设在船上, 另一个设在码头上, 形成一个简支梁机构, 其中一个 支撑点是固定端, 另一个支撑点是可移动端; 横梁既是船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机的 重量支撑构件, 也是一个可供移动台车移动的轨道, 梁和轨合一, 因此, 移动台车在 横梁上移动, 即是移动台车在横梁轨道上移动。
当横梁的固定端在船上时, 即船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机由船携带时, 横梁固定端 与船铰接, 船横方向的支撑钢架上设有吊车轨道, 在横梁的固定端与船铰接外的下方、 吊车轨道上方设有可移动支座, 横梁可随其固定端可移动支座沿吊车轨道运动, 从而达 到使横梁伸出船外或缩回船内的目的。 横梁上设有支撑支座, 当横梁随其固定端可移动 支座沿船轨道运动时, 起支撑横梁的作用, 以便可移动端上的支撑杆能够悬起、 收缩。 横梁的固定端是一种相对的固定, 即在横梁上的吊具作业时是由锁定机构固定的, 而在 横梁需要伸出船外或缩回船内时, 横梁随固定端可移动支座沿该轨道运动。
当横梁的固定端在船上时, 船上设有与横梁同平面平行的台车轨道, 该台车轨道 的长度与船的宽度相同, 横向贯通全船, 其作用是: 无论横梁随固定端可移动支座沿 船轨道运动到何处, 横梁上的可移动台车都能够在船的整个横向运动, 从而使船横向 任何位置处的货物都能够被吊上吊下。也就是说: 横梁上的可移动台车即可在横梁上 运动, 又可在台车轨道上运动。
横梁上的可移动台车即可在横梁上运动又可在台车轨道上运动,保证了船横向任 何位置处的货物都能够被吊上吊下, 但横梁上的吊车不一定能达到船纵向的某个位 置, 为此, 可在船上设置纵向可移动龙门架和纵向轨道, 纵向可移动龙门架可在该纵 向轨道上沿船纵向运动, 横梁固定端与纵向可移动龙门架铰接,使横梁和台车轨道随 龙门架沿船纵方向运动, 从而使横梁上的吊车能达到船的任何位置。船上设置的纵向 可移动龙门架与纵向轨道之间设有锁定装置,保证横梁上的吊车作业时纵向可移动龙 门架固定不动。
与横梁的固定端铰接的纵向可移动龙门架可做成折叠式,以最大限度减少水面以 上船的高度, 使船后部的驾驶楼视野更开阔。对于内河小型船, 最大限度减少水面以 上船的高度, 可以满足河道建筑物下的净空要求。折叠结构构造为: 船侧边一个纵向 可移动龙门架支撑构件向船内横方向移动, 移动距离按起吊货物高度、 吊具高度和提 升机高度等确定, 纵向可移动龙门架支撑结构四边体四角构件采用铰接方式, 形成一 个可折叠的平行四边体结构,使该四边形可向移动过的纵向可移动龙门架支撑构件方 向折叠。 纵向可移动龙门架平行四边形结构向反方向运动, 将恢复到工作状态, 工作 状态的结构稳定性可采取液压油缸支撑机构保证。
当横梁固定端在船上时, 横梁固定端与船连接点最好设在靠近船纵中剖面处, 即 船横向的中部, 以最大限度减少船的横顷。 尤其是小船, 装载重物时, 这一点非常重 要。 在船横稳性允许的范围内, 横梁固定端与船连接点可以设在靠近船舷处。
当固定端在码头上时, 即船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机设在码头上,横梁的固定端 与码头上的固定建筑物连接, 横梁可移动端通过支撑杆落在船上,横梁可移动端与支 撑杆一端连接, 支撑杆固定在支撑轮中心, 支撑轮可围绕此中心转动, 支撑轮落在船 上, 支撑杆可以随横梁的上下移动伸缩, 装卸机工作时, 支撑杆的长度由锁定机构锁 定不再变动, 横梁上有可沿横梁运动的移动台车, 移动台车上有提升机, 提升机上设 有可带动货物垂直运动的吊具。
当固定端在码头上时, 横梁的固定端与码头上的固定建筑物可铰接,使横梁可以 收放。横梁的固定端也可以像在上述船上一样, 与一个可移动支座连接, 从而达到让 横梁在码头上沿船横方向移动的目的。
横梁可移动端与支撑杆一端可采用刚性连接,横梁通过可移动端连接的支撑杆落 在码头或船上, 支撑杆固定在支撑轮中心, 支撑轮可围绕此中心转动, 支撑轮落在码 头上, 支撑杆可以随横梁的上下移动伸缩, 装卸机工作时, 支撑杆的长度由锁定机构 锁定不再变动, 横梁上有可沿横梁运动的移动台车, 移动台车上有提升机, 提升机上 设有可带动货物垂直运动的吊具。 横梁可移动端与支撑杆一端可采用铰接, 横梁通过可移动端连接的支撑杆落在码头 或船上, 支撑杆可绕该铰接处转动, 转动是由折叠控制机构控制的, 折叠控制机构可使 支撑杆向横梁方向折叠, 折叠控制机构由折叠支撑杆和折叠伸缩杆构成, 当横梁收回到 船边或码头边时, 折叠控制机构使支撑杆也随之移动至船边或码头边, 当装卸船机工作 时, 折叠控制机构使支撑杆与装卸船机横梁保持垂直状态, 并由其上锁定机构锁定。
1. 船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机由船携带时, 货物装卸船作业流程
装船: 移动船上的龙门架, 使船岸双支点装卸船机到达船纵方向的指定位置, 然 后向码头方向移动横梁, 在横梁支撑支座没离开吊车轨道前,调整支撑杆上的伸缩机 构使其上的支撑轮接触码头面, 继续向码头方向移动横梁,直到可以进行装卸作业时 止; 货物在码头上由拖车或其他运载工具运送到船岸双支点装卸船机下方, 经其上的 吊具和提升机吊起后经横梁上的移动台车运送到船上指定位置。
卸船: 船岸双支点装卸船机的作业前准备同上,船内指定位置的货物由该机的吊 具吊起、提升, 之后随移动台车送到船岸双支点装卸船机的码头上方, 再由该机送至 其下方码头上的拖车上。
2、 货物在船内移动流程 (如集装箱在船上倒箱)
移动船上的龙门架, 使船岸双支点装卸船机到达船纵方向的指定位置,移动横梁 上的移动台车到船上指定位置, 吊起货物,横向移动横梁上的移动台车到横向指定位 置,纵向移动龙门架到纵向指定位置,从而达到货物在船内移动的目的。当有堵塞时, 要将堵塞货物先移动到另外的空位置处, 然后再移动要移动的货物。
3、 货物海上过驳
当船足够大时, 在风浪稳定的海域,两艘带有船岸双支点装卸船机的自动化装卸 船可以直接靠在一起, 交换货物,两船交换货物流程与上述在码头上装卸货物流程相 似。
本发明的优点与积极效果为:
1. 极大地节省港口建设投资
港口不再需要庞大的货物装卸吊机, 不再需要为货物装卸吊机配置专用码头, 只 要能靠船, 就可进行货物装卸, 因此, 码头造价将会大大降低。
2. 容易适应船舶大型化的发展需要
取消码头装卸设施, 可以说, 不论船造多大, 货物装卸船机都可以不变, 照常使 用, 港口都可以在增加很少投资的情况下来适应船舶大型化,码头适应性和抗风险的 能力增强, 使港口获得最大的收益。尤其是目前在集装箱船大型化愈演愈烈的时候特 别有用。
3. 为实现集装箱船海上过驳创造条件
船自带可收放式集装箱装卸船机, 在集装箱船足够大和海域海况允许的情况下, 两船可在国际远洋干线航线适当海域靠泊在一起, 利用各自携带的集装箱装卸船机, 实现集装箱船海上过驳, 或大船与小船在海上对接, 集装箱由大船过驳到小船后, 由 小船将集装箱分散运到周边各港口, 同时, 大船减载后, 便可降低对港口水深等各种 苛刻限制而顺利进港, 或者直接由小船驳空、 驳满后返航。 在此情况下, 理论上, 将 来的远洋集装箱船可以造得尽量大, 以满足航运公司对船舶大型化的需求, 而港口不 必要造得很大, 小船可以从各个小港四面出击吃掉大船的货或向大船喂给。
4. 提高货物尤其是集装箱的装卸效率
船自带可收放式集装箱装卸船机, 取消码头集装箱装卸设施,将大大缩短集装箱 在空中的走行距离, 同时,操作稳性增加、难度降低,必将成倍提高集装箱装卸效率, 使港口集装箱运输实现真正意义上的快捷、 安全、 准时。
5. 降低集装箱装卸成本
上述效果将降低集装箱装卸成本, 提高港口经济效益。
6、 减少不安全因素
取消码头集装箱装卸设施, 缩短了集装箱在空中的走行距离, 操作稳性增加、难 度降低,集装箱空中跌落或损毁事故和集装箱桥吊被台风吹到海里的事件发生几率几 乎为零。
7、 开发内河运输资源
我过大部分内河没有开展集装箱运输的原因很多, 航道问题, 碍航问题等等, 其 中, 中小港口不具备集装箱装卸设施,无法在码头上开展集装箱装卸是非常重要的原 因。一般来讲,集装箱装卸设施造价较高,如果一个港口或一个码头的集装箱量很少, 就无法承受高昂的集装箱装卸设施投资, 如采用简易的装卸设施必然效率低下, 在安 全上也无法保证。 此外, 集装箱码头结构强度要足够大, 以抵抗集装箱重量、 集装箱 装卸设施重量和起吊惯性等外力作用, 加大了集装箱码头投资,使小港口和小码头对 集装箱运输望而生畏。
小型自装自卸集装箱船可克服内河和沿海现有中小港口或码头不具备集装箱装 卸条件的弱点, 由船自带可移动式装卸船设施, 只要水深够, 船能靠泊, 只要能行驶 集装箱拖车, 能承受集装箱重量, 任何无装卸设施的光板码头, 都可进行自动化集装 箱装卸船。
8、 为军事后勤保障和应对突发事件提供支持
自装自卸船在军事应用上意义重大,美国在越战中体验到了集装箱对军事后勤保 障的优越, 但在伊拉克战争中, 却饱尝了集装箱非自动化处理之苦, 近年来, 世界上 海啸、 恐怖袭击等自然和人为的突发事件接连不断, 因此, 一个全自动化集装箱运输 系统必将对未来战争的后勤保障和人类应对自然和社会上的各种突发事件提供强有 力的支持。
9、 开发岛屿运输资源
我国岛屿集装箱运输几乎是空白, 全国沿海有 5000多座岛屿, 只有香港岛、 海 南岛等几个大的岛屿可以开展集装箱运输。本发明技术的应用将扭转岛屿集装箱运输 的这一局面。
10、 实现全球全自动集装箱水上运输
目前, 由于集装箱船没有实现自动化,世界许多地方的集装箱运输自动化只能局 限于陆上, 因此, 本发明可实现集装箱水上和陆上自动化运输的统一, 为在全球实现 真正意义上全自动化、封闭式、计算机管理的集装箱水上和陆上自动化运输体系奠定 基础, 这对于实现现代工厂的零库存管理、 实施企业的全球战略、 即将到来的世界经 济全球化、 区域经济一体化都将起到积极的推动作用。 附图说明
图 1为本发明的俯视图;
图 2为本发明的横剖面图;
图 3为本发明收缩到船内时的横剖面图;
图 4为带有纵向可移动龙门架的本发明横剖面图;
图 5为本发明的侧视图;
图 6为设在码头上的本发明横剖面图;
图 7为带有折叠机构的本发明横剖面图;
图 8为在 72TEU集装箱船上设置船岸双支点集装箱装卸船机;
图 9为在 1350TEU集装箱船上设置船岸双支点集装箱装卸船机。
图 10为 船岸双支点集装箱装卸船机在自动化集装箱船上的应用。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明:
图 1为船自带船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机俯视图,图 2为船自带船岸双支撑式货 物装卸船机横剖面图, 图 5为船自带船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机侧视图, 由这三个视 图, 可清楚反映出船 7自带船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机 1的构造和具体结构。船岸双 支撑式货物装卸船机 1由横梁 2、 支撑杆 3、 吊具 4、 提升机 5、 移动台车 6组成, 横 梁 2有两个支撑点, 一个设在船 7上, 另一个设在码头 8上, 形成一个简支梁机构, 其中一个支撑点是固定端, 另一个支撑点是可移动端; 横梁 2既是船岸双支撑式货物 装卸船机 1的重量支撑构件, 也是一个可供移动台车 6移动的轨道, 梁和轨合一, 因 此, 移动台车 6在横梁 2上移动, 即是移动台车 6在横梁轨道上移动。
由图 2、 图 3可见, 当横梁固定端在船 7上时, 即船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机 1 由船 7携带时, 横梁 2固定端与船铰连接, 船 7横方向支撑钢架 19上设有吊车轨道 11, 该铰下面、 吊车轨道 11上面设有可移动支座 12, 横梁 2可随其固定端可移动支 座 12沿吊车轨道 11运动, 从而达到使横梁 2伸出船 7外或缩回船 7内的目的。横梁 2上设有支撑支座 13, 当横梁 2随其固定端可移动支座 12沿吊车轨道 11运动时, 支 撑支座 13起支撑横梁 2的作用, 以便可移动端上的支撑杆 3能够悬起、 收缩。 横梁 2的固定端是一种相对的固定, 即在横梁 2上的吊具作业时是由锁定机构固定的, 而 在横梁 2需要伸出船 7外或缩回船 7内时, 横梁 2随固定端可移动支座 12沿吊车轨 道 11运动。
由图 1至图 5可见, 当横梁 2固定端在船 7上时, 船 7上设有与横梁 2同平面平行 的台车轨道 14, 该台车轨道 14长与船同宽, 横向贯通全船 7, 其作用是: 无论横梁 2 随固定端可移动支座 12沿吊车轨道 11运动到何处, 横梁 2上的可移动台车 6都能够在 船 7的整个横向运动,从而使船 7横向任何位置处的货物都能够被吊上吊下。也就是说: 横梁 2上的可移动台车 6即可在横梁 2上运动, 又可在台车轨道 14上运动。
图 4为带有纵向可移动龙门架的船自带船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机横剖面图,横 梁 2上的可移动台车 6即可在横梁 2上运动又可在台车轨道 14上运动, 保证了船 Ί 横向任何位置处的货物都能够被吊上吊下,但横梁 2上的吊车不一定能达到船 7纵向 的某个位置, 为此, 在船 7上设置纵向可移动龙门架 15和纵向轨道 16, 纵向可移动 龙门架 15可在该纵向轨道 16上沿船 7纵向运动,横梁 2固定端与纵向可移动龙门架 15铰连接, 使横梁 2和台车轨道 16随龙门架 15沿船 7纵方向运动, 从而使横梁 2 上的吊车能达到船 7的任何位置。船 7上设置的纵向可移动龙门架 15与纵向轨道 16 之间设有锁定装置, 保证横梁 2上的吊车作业时纵向可移动龙门架 15固定不动。
船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机 1由船 7携带时, 当船 7装卸作业时,横梁 2固定端 与船 7连接点最好设在靠近船 7纵中剖面处, 即船 7横向的中部, 以最大限度减少船 7的横顷。 尤其是小船, 装载重物时, 这一点非常重要。 在船横稳性允许的范围内, 横梁 2固定端与船 Ί连接点可以设在靠近船舷处。
图 6为设在码头上的船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机横剖面图, 当固定端在码头上时, 即船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机设在码头上,横梁 2固定端与码头 8上的固定建筑物连接, 横梁 2可移动端通过支撑杆 3落在船 Ί上, 横梁 2可移动端与支撑杆 3—端连接, 支撑 杆 3固定在支撑轮 9中心, 支撑轮 9可围绕此中心转动, 支撑轮 9落在船 Ί上, 支撑杆 9可以随横梁 2的上下移动伸缩, 装卸船机 1工作时, 支撑杆 3的长度由锁定机构锁定 不再变动, 横梁 2上有可沿横梁 2运动的移动台车 6, 移动台车 6上有提升机 5, 提升 机 5上设有可带动货物垂直运动的吊具 4。 横梁 2固定端与码头上的固定建筑物可铰连 接, 使横梁 2可以收放。 横梁 2固定端也可以像在上述在船 7上一样, 与一个可移动支 座连接, 从而达到让横梁 2在码头 8上沿船 7横方向移动的目的。
横梁 2可移动端与支撑杆 3—端可采用刚性连接,横梁 2通过可移动端连接的支 撑杆 3落在码头 8或船 7上, 支撑杆 3固定在支撑轮 9中心,支撑轮 9可围绕此中心 转动, 支撑轮 9落在码头 8上, 支撑杆 3可以随横梁 2的上下移动伸缩, 装卸船机 1 工作时, 支撑杆 3的长度由锁定机构锁定不再变动,横梁 2上有可沿横梁 2运动的移 动台车 6, 移动台车 6上有提升机 5, 提升机 5上设有可带动货物垂直运动的吊具 4。 图 7为带有折叠机构的船自带船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机横剖面图,横梁 2可移 动端与支撑杆 3—端可采用铰连接, 横梁 2通过可移动端连接的支撑杆 3落在码头 8 或船 7上, 支撑杆 3可绕该铰转动, 转动是由折叠控制机构 10控制的, 折叠调制机 构 10可使支撑杆 3向横梁 2方向折叠,折叠控制机构 10由折叠支撑杆和折叠伸缩杆 构成, 当横梁收回到船边或码头边时, 折叠控制机构 10使支撑杆 3也随之移动至船 边或码头边, 当装卸船机 1工作时, 折叠控制机构 10使支撑杆 3与装卸船机 1横梁 2保持垂直状态, 并由其上锁定机构锁定。
1、 船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机 1由船 7携带时, 货物 17装卸船作业流程如下: 装船: 移动船 Ί上的龙门架 15, 使船岸双支点装卸船机 1到达船 7纵方向的指 定位置,然后向码头 8方向移动横梁 2,在横梁 2支撑支座 13没离开吊车轨道 11前, 调整支撑杆 3上的伸缩机构使其上的支撑轮 9接触码头面,继续向码头 8方向移动横 梁 2, 直到可以进行装卸作业时止; 货物 17在码头上由拖车 18或其他运载工具运送 到船岸双支点装卸船机 1下方, 经其上的吊具 4和提升机 5吊起后, 由横梁 2上的移 动台车 6运送到船 7上指定位置。
卸船: 船岸双支点装卸船机 1的作业前准备同上, 船 7内指定位置的货物 17由 该机 1 的吊具 4 吊起、 提升, 之后随移动台车 6送到船岸双支点装卸船机的码头 8 上方, 再由该机 1送至其下方码头 8上的拖车 18上。
2、 货物 17在船 7内移动流程 (如集装箱在船上倒箱)
移动船上的龙门架 15, 使船岸双支点装卸船机 1到达船 7纵方向的指定位置, 移动横梁 2上的移动台车 6到船 7上指定位置, 吊起货物 17, 横向移动横梁 2上的 移动台车 6到横向指定位置, 纵向移动龙门架 15到纵向指定位置, 从而达到货物 17 在船内移动的目的。 当有堵塞时, 要将堵塞货物先移动到另外的空位置处, 然后再移 动要移动的货物。
3、 货物海上过驳
当船足够大时, 在风浪稳定的海域, 两艘带有船岸双支点装卸船机的自动化装卸船 可以直接靠在一起, 交换货物, 两船交换货物流程与上述在码头上装卸货物流程相似。
实施例 1 : 在 72TEU集装箱船上设置船岸双支点集装箱装卸船机
在 72TEU集装箱船上设置船岸双支撑集装箱装卸船机, 如图 8所示。
实施例 2: 在 1350TEU集装箱船上设置船岸双支点集装箱装卸船机
在 1350TEU集装箱船上设置船岸双支点集装箱装卸船机, 如图 9所示。
实施例 3 : 船岸双支点集装箱装卸船机在自动化集装箱船上的应用
船岸双支点集装箱装卸船机在自动化集装箱船上的应用, 如图 10所示。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机, 其特征在于: 所述船机(1)包括横梁(2)、 支撑杆(3)、 吊具(4)、 提升机(5)及移动台车(6), 横梁(2)上设有两个支撑点, 其中一个支撑点为固定端、 与船(7)或码头(8)上的固定建筑物铰接, 另一个支撑 点为可移动端、 与支撑杆 (3) 的一端相连接, 支撑杆 (3) 的另一端落在码头 (8) 上或船(7)上; 横梁(2)上设有可沿横梁(2)运动的移动台车(6), 移动台车(6) 上设有提升机 (5), 提升机 (5) 上安装有吊具 (4), 支撑杆 (3) 在船机 (1) 工作 时通过锁定机构锁定。
2. 按权利要求 1所述的船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机, 其特征在于: 所述支撑杆
(3) 可随横梁 (2) 的上下移动伸缩, 支撑杆 (3) 的另一端铰接有可转动的支撑轮 (9), 支撑轮 (9) 落在船 (7) 或码头 (8) 上。
3、按权利要求 1所述的船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机,其特征在于:所述横梁(2) 的可移动端与支撑杆(3) 的一端铰接, 支撑杆(3)可绕该铰接处通过折叠控制机构 (10)控制转动, 折叠控制机构 (10)可使支撑杆 (3) 向横梁 (2) 方向折叠, 折叠 控制机构由折叠支撑杆和折叠伸缩杆构成; 当横梁 (2) 收回到船边或码头边时, 折 叠控制机构 (10) 使支撑杆 (3) 也随之移动至船边或码头边, 当船机 (1) 工作时, 折叠控制机构 (10) 使支撑杆 (3) 与船机 (1) 的横梁 (2) 保持垂直状态, 并由其 上锁定机构锁定。
4、按权利要求 1所述的船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机,其特征在于:所述横梁(2) 的固定端在船 (7) 上时, 该固定端与船 (7)铰接, 船 (7)横方向的支撑钢架 (19) 上设有吊车轨道(11); 在横梁(2)的固定端与船(7)铰接处的下方、 吊车轨道(11) 的上方设有可移动支座(12); 横梁(2)上设有支撑支座(13), 横梁(2)可沿船(7) 上的吊车轨道 (11) 运动。
5、 按权利要求 1或 4所述的船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机, 其特征在于: 所述横 梁 (2) 的固定端在船 (7) 上时, 船(7) 上设有与横梁 (2) 同平面平行的台车轨道
(14), 该台车轨道 (14) 的长度与船的宽度相同, 横向贯通全船。
6、 按权利要求 1所述的船岸双支撑式货物装卸船机, 其特征在于: 所述横梁 (2) 的 固定端在船 (7) 上时, 船 (7) 上设有纵向可移动龙门架 (15), 横梁 (2) 固定端与 该纵向可移动龙门架 (15)铰接, 船 (7)上设有纵向轨道(16), 龙门架 (15)可在 该纵向轨道 (16) 上沿纵向运动。
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