WO2009128334A1 - 脆性材料基板の加工方法 - Google Patents
脆性材料基板の加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009128334A1 WO2009128334A1 PCT/JP2009/056224 JP2009056224W WO2009128334A1 WO 2009128334 A1 WO2009128334 A1 WO 2009128334A1 JP 2009056224 W JP2009056224 W JP 2009056224W WO 2009128334 A1 WO2009128334 A1 WO 2009128334A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- substrate
- scribe line
- initial crack
- crack
- laser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D5/00—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor
- B28D5/0005—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor by breaking, e.g. dicing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/146—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing a liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
- C03B33/07—Cutting armoured, multi-layered, coated or laminated, glass products
- C03B33/074—Glass products comprising an outer layer or surface coating of non-glass material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
- C03B33/09—Severing cooled glass by thermal shock
- C03B33/091—Severing cooled glass by thermal shock using at least one focussed radiation beam, e.g. laser beam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
- C03B33/10—Glass-cutting tools, e.g. scoring tools
- C03B33/105—Details of cutting or scoring means, e.g. tips
- C03B33/107—Wheel design, e.g. materials, construction, shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133351—Manufacturing of individual cells out of a plurality of cells, e.g. by dicing
Definitions
- a brittle material substrate is scanned with a laser beam to perform local heating, and then cooled along the heated portion, thereby utilizing a thermal stress generated between the substrate surface and the inside of the substrate to have a finite depth.
- the present invention relates to a method for processing a brittle material substrate that forms a crack.
- the present invention irradiates a first laser beam along a scheduled scribe line set on the substrate to form a scribe line composed of cracks of a finite depth on the substrate, and subsequently, a second laser
- the present invention relates to a processing method of a brittle material substrate that is irradiated with a beam to penetrate deeply into the scribe line or is completely divided.
- the brittle material substrate means a glass substrate, sintered ceramics, single crystal silicon, a semiconductor wafer, a sapphire substrate, a ceramic substrate, or the like.
- laser scribing which irradiates a brittle material substrate such as a glass substrate with a laser beam, scans the beam spot formed on the substrate, heats it in a line, and blows and cools the coolant immediately after heating.
- a brittle material substrate such as a glass substrate
- laser beam which irradiates a brittle material substrate such as a glass substrate with a laser beam, scans the beam spot formed on the substrate, heats it in a line, and blows and cools the coolant immediately after heating.
- the occurrence of cullet can be reduced, and the end face strength can be improved.
- laser scribing is employed in various manufacturing processes and the like that require cutting a glass substrate and the like, including flat panel displays.
- a virtual line to be divided (referred to as a scribe planned line) is set. Then, an initial crack is formed with a cutter wheel or the like at the substrate end that is the starting end of the scheduled scribe line, and a beam spot and a cooling spot (region where the coolant is injected) are formed at the starting end along the scheduled scribe line. Scan. At this time, as a result of the stress gradient generated based on the temperature distribution generated in the vicinity of the scribe line, a line-shaped crack is formed (see Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3).
- a line-shaped crack formed by scanning a laser beam with respect to a brittle material substrate has a “finite depth crack” in which the tip in the depth direction of the crack does not reach the back surface of the substrate, and the crack is formed on the substrate.
- a “penetrating crack” (see, for example, Patent Document 2) that reaches the back surface of the substrate and divides the substrate all at once.
- the cutting line formed by the former “crack of finite depth” is called a scribe line, and the dividing line by the latter through crack is called a full cut line.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the substrate schematically showing the mechanism by which cracks of finite depth are formed. That is, the preceding laser heating generates a compressive stress HR on the substrate GA as shown in FIG. Subsequently, as a result of cooling after heating, a tensile stress CR is generated on the substrate surface as shown in FIG. At this time, the compressive stress HR moves inside the substrate due to the movement of heat, and an internal stress field Hin is formed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7C, a stress gradient in the depth direction is generated, and a crack Cr is formed.
- the compressive stress field Hin existing inside the substrate prevents further penetration of the crack Cr in the depth direction.
- the crack Cr has a finite depth. Therefore, in order to completely divide the substrate, a break process must be further performed after a scribe line having a finite depth by the crack Cr is formed.
- the processed end face of the scribe line by the crack Cr is very beautiful (the surface unevenness is small), and is excellent in straightness, which is an ideal state as the processed end face.
- FIG. 8A and 8B are a perspective view (FIG. 8A) and a plan view (FIG. 8B) schematically showing a mechanism for forming a through crack, that is, a laser scanned from the position of the initial crack TR.
- the compressive stress HR is generated on the substrate surface by the beam spot BS of the beam, and simultaneously, the tensile stress CR is generated on the substrate surface by the cooling spot CS behind the beam spot BS.
- a stress gradient in the front-rear direction is formed on the scribe line L), and a force that tears the substrate left and right along the scan line direction works to form a through crack, so that the substrate is divided. become.
- this “penetration crack” is formed, it is convenient in that the substrate can be divided (full cut) without performing a break treatment, and depending on the processing application, division by this mechanism may be desired.
- the straightness of the processing end surface of the full cut line may be impaired, and the beauty (surface irregularities) of the end surface of the full cut line is also described above. The quality is inferior compared to the scribe line.
- Whether a scribe line or a full cut line is formed by laser scribing depends on heating conditions (laser wavelength, irradiation time, output power, scanning speed, etc.) and cooling conditions (refrigerant temperature, spraying amount, spraying). Position, etc.) and the thickness of the substrate.
- heating conditions laser wavelength, irradiation time, output power, scanning speed, etc.
- cooling conditions refrigerant temperature, spraying amount, spraying.
- Position, etc. and the thickness of the substrate.
- the thickness of the glass substrate is thin, a full cut line is likely to be formed as compared with the case where the glass substrate is thick, and the process window for processing conditions capable of forming a scribe line is narrow.
- a full-cut line is more easily formed as the substrate is heated more rapidly and becomes an extreme condition of being rapidly cooled.
- a mechanical break treatment in which a bending moment is applied by pressing a break bar or the like against a scribe line may be used.
- cullet may be generated when a large bending moment is applied to the substrate. Therefore, in a manufacturing process that does not like the occurrence of cullet, it is necessary to form a scribe line that is as deep as possible so that the breaking process can be performed only by applying a small bending moment.
- a second laser irradiation is performed along the scribe line formed by laser scribing to penetrate a finite depth crack deeper (in this case, a break treatment is performed again), or the crack is penetrated to the back surface.
- a laser break process is performed to divide the frame (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). JP 2001-130921 A JP 2006-256944 A WO2003 / 008352 Publication
- “previous run” means that when an initial crack TR formed at the start end is heated by the beam spot BS in the vicinity of the start end of the scribe line L, the heating area by the beam spot BS is the starting point. This is a phenomenon in which a crack K is formed in a direction that cannot be controlled toward the front of the beam spot.
- “first run” occurs, it becomes impossible to form a scribe line along the planned scribe line L, and the straightness of the scribe line is significantly impaired.
- the heating and cooling conditions are shifted to more extreme heating and cooling conditions than ever before in order to form a deep scribe line, the frequency of occurrence of such “previous run” increases.
- the first object of the present invention is to provide a processing method capable of forming a scribe line composed of cracks having a finite depth sufficiently deeper than before.
- it is an object to provide a processing method capable of forming a scribe line stably by expanding a process window of a heating condition and a cooling condition capable of forming a scribe line instead of a full cut line.
- a third object of the present invention is to provide a method for processing a scribe line in which “previous run” is unlikely to occur.
- the present invention can stably perform a process of forming a scribe line on a substrate by laser scribe processing and then performing a laser break process to completely cut the substrate or to form a deeper scribe line. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for processing a brittle material substrate. Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for processing a brittle material substrate that can stably perform a cutting process with excellent end face quality of a processed end face.
- the brittle material substrate processing method of the present invention is to set a scribe planned line starting from the substrate end to the brittle material substrate, and to crack a finite depth along the scribe planned line.
- a method of processing a brittle material substrate to form a scribe line wherein the cutter wheel is pressed against and separated from the start end in the vicinity of the start end of the scribe planned line and on the planned scribe line separated from the start end toward the inside of the substrate.
- An initial crack is formed, and a beam spot formed on the substrate surface by laser irradiation is locally heated below the softening temperature by moving relative to the scribe line while passing over the initial crack from the start, and then locally heated.
- a crack with a finite depth starting from the position of the initial crack is planned to be scribed. Formed along the.
- the initial crack when the initial crack is formed on the scribe line, the initial crack is formed not at the substrate end of the brittle material substrate, but at a position slightly separated from the substrate end toward the inside of the substrate, The initial crack is separated from the substrate edge.
- the initial crack is formed by pressing the cutter wheel toward the direction of the scribe planned line so that the direction of the initial crack faces the line direction of the scribe planned line.
- the substrate is locally heated so as to pass over the initial crack from the start end of the planned scribe line by relatively moving the beam spot along the planned scribe line. Further, the region immediately after the locally heated region is cooled. At this time, since there is no initial crack at the substrate end, the crack does not advance from the substrate end.
- the beam spot advances from the edge of the substrate, and the top of the initial crack is heated slightly (at this time, the compressive stress is applied to the surface of the initial crack and the crack does not advance).
- a tensile stress is applied to the surface of the initial crack and a compressive stress is applied to the inside of the initial crack
- a crack having a finite depth starting from the initial crack is formed.
- the present invention during laser scribing, it is difficult to form a full cut line, and a process window that can form a scribe line consisting of cracks of a finite depth (range of settable heating and cooling conditions) Can be spread. As a result, the scribe line can be stably formed.
- a grooved cutter wheel in which a periodic groove is formed in the blade edge may be used as the cutter wheel.
- the separation distance from the start end of the scribe line to the initial crack may be 2 mm to 7 mm.
- a brittle material substrate processing method made to solve the above-mentioned problem is performed according to the following procedure along a scribe planned line from the first substrate end to the second substrate end set in the brittle material substrate.
- the substrate is processed by performing laser irradiation twice.
- a first initial crack forming step is performed in which a first initial crack is formed on the inner side of the substrate so as to be separated from the first substrate end on a scribe line near the first substrate end.
- the beam spot of the first laser irradiation is relatively moved from the first substrate end side along the scribe line to the second substrate end to heat the substrate below the softening temperature, and A laser scribing process for forming a scribe line with a finite depth along the planned scribe line is performed using a stress gradient in the depth direction generated in the planned scribe line by blowing a coolant on the portion immediately after passing.
- a scribe line composed of a finite depth crack formed based on the stress gradient in the depth direction is formed, Prevent full cut lines from being formed.
- the heating condition for example, laser output increase
- the cooling condition for example, increase in the refrigerant injection amount
- the scribe line formed in the laser scribe process can be a deep scribe line, or can be easily divided.
- the settable process window range that can be set as processing conditions
- deeper heating and cooling conditions can be used.
- a scribe line can be formed.
- the process window that can be set is widened during laser break processing, and the scribe line can be stably moved without shifting to full cut. It can be formed deeply or stably and completely divided.
- the second initial crack may be continuously formed along the scribe line from the first substrate end to the first initial crack.
- the initial crack of the thin scoring can be reliably formed.
- the blade edge is less likely to slip with respect to the substrate surface, and a short distance (about 1 mm to 2 mm) when an initial crack is formed at a position separated from the substrate edge. ) Can be surely formed to form a stable initial crack.
- a grooved cutter wheel having a periodic groove formed at the cutting edge a high penetration cutting edge “Penette” (registered trademark) or “APIO” (registered trademark) manufactured by Samsung Diamond Industrial Co., Ltd. can be used. .
- the first initial crack is formed by pressing the cutter wheel
- the second initial crack is formed by partial irradiation of the laser from the first initial crack toward the first substrate end side. You may do it. According to this, the first initial crack on the substrate can be surely formed by the cutter wheel.
- the second initial crack since the first initial crack has already been formed, by proceeding the crack by partial irradiation of the laser toward the first substrate end side from the first initial crack, A second initial crack can be induced.
- the second initial crack may be formed deeper than the first initial crack.
- the press contact force of the cutter wheel when forming the second initial crack may be made stronger than that during the first initial crack. According to this, the depth of the crack can be easily increased in the subsequent laser break process.
- substrate processing method of this invention The figure which shows the structure of a cutter wheel with a periodic groove.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a substrate processing apparatus LS1 that can implement the processing method of the present invention.
- a case where a glass substrate is processed will be described as an example, but the same applies to a brittle material substrate such as a silicon substrate.
- a slide table 2 is provided that reciprocates in the front-rear direction (hereinafter referred to as the Y direction) of FIG. 1 along a pair of guide rails 3 and 4 arranged in parallel on a horizontal base 1.
- a screw screw 5 is disposed between the guide rails 3 and 4 along the front-rear direction, and a stay 6 fixed to the slide table 2 is screwed to the screw screw 5.
- the slide table 2 is formed so as to reciprocate in the Y direction along the guide rails 3 and 4 by forward and reverse rotation (not shown).
- a horizontal pedestal 7 is arranged so as to reciprocate in the left-right direction (hereinafter referred to as X direction) in FIG. 1 along the guide rail 8.
- a screw screw 10 that is rotated by a motor 9 is threaded through a stay 10a fixed to the pedestal 7, and the pedestal 7 is moved along the guide rail 8 in the X direction by rotating the screw screw 10a forward and backward. Move back and forth.
- a rotating table 12 that is rotated by a rotating mechanism 11 is provided on the base 7, and the glass substrate A is mounted on the rotating table 12 in a horizontal state.
- the glass substrate A is a mother substrate for cutting out a small unit substrate, for example.
- the rotation mechanism 11 is configured to rotate the rotary table 12 around a vertical axis, and is configured to be rotated at an arbitrary rotation angle with respect to a reference position. Further, the glass substrate A is fixed to the rotary table 12 by a suction chuck.
- a laser device 13 and an optical holder 14 are held by an attachment frame 15.
- the laser device 13 a general device for processing a brittle material substrate may be used. Specifically, an excimer laser, a YAG laser, a carbon dioxide gas laser, a carbon monoxide laser, or the like is used.
- a carbon dioxide gas laser that oscillates light having a wavelength with high energy absorption efficiency of the glass material.
- the laser beam emitted from the laser device 13 is irradiated with a beam spot having a preset shape onto the glass substrate A by an optical holder 14 incorporating a lens optical system for adjusting the beam shape.
- shapes with long axes are excellent in that they can be efficiently heated along the scribe line, but they should be heated at a temperature lower than the softening temperature.
- the shape of the beam spot is not particularly limited as long as it can be formed. In the present embodiment, an elliptical beam spot is formed.
- the mounting frame 15 is provided with a cooling nozzle 16 adjacent to the optical holder 14.
- a coolant is injected from the cooling nozzle 16.
- the refrigerant cooling water, compressed air, He gas, carbon dioxide gas, or the like can be used. In this embodiment, compressed air is injected.
- the cooling medium ejected from the cooling nozzle 16 is directed to a position slightly away from the left end of the beam spot so as to form a cooling spot on the surface of the glass substrate A.
- a cutter wheel 18 with a periodic groove is attached to the attachment frame 15 via an elevating mechanism 17.
- the cutter wheel 18 is used so as to temporarily descend from above the glass substrate A when the initial crack Tr is formed in the glass substrate A.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cutter wheel with a periodic groove
- FIG. 2 (a) is a front view
- FIG. 2 (b) is a side view.
- the periodic grooved cutter wheel 18 has grooves 18b periodically cut out along the blade edge 18a (in FIG. 2, for convenience of explanation, the size of the groove 18b with respect to the blade edge 18 is exaggerated from the actual one. Is drawn).
- the groove pitch is set in the range of 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m according to the wheel diameter of 1 to 20 mm.
- the groove depth is 2 ⁇ m to 2500 ⁇ m.
- the initial crack can be surely formed on the substrate surface only by rolling a short distance (about 1 mm to 2 mm).
- the substrate processing apparatus LS1 is equipped with a camera 20 capable of detecting a positioning alignment mark engraved in advance on the glass substrate A. From the position of the alignment mark detected by the camera 20, the substrate is processed. A corresponding positional relationship between the position of the scheduled scribe line set on A and the rotary table 12 is obtained so that the lowered position of the cutter wheel 18 and the irradiation position of the laser beam can be accurately positioned so as to be on the scheduled scribe line. It is.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a processing operation procedure of laser scribing until a scribe line having a finite depth is formed by the first laser irradiation
- FIG. 4 is processing until laser break processing is performed by the second laser irradiation. It is a figure which shows an operation
- movement procedure. 3 and 4 show only the main part of FIG.
- the glass substrate A is placed on the rotary table 12 and fixed by a suction chuck.
- An alignment mark (not shown) engraved on the glass substrate A is detected by the camera 20 (FIG. 1), and the positions of the scheduled scribe line, the rotary table 12, the slide table 2, and the base 7 are determined based on the detection result. Are related.
- the rotary table 12 and the slide table 2 are operated, and the position is adjusted so that the cutting edge direction of the cutter wheel 18 is aligned with the direction of the scribe line.
- the base 7 (FIG. 1) is operated to move the turntable 12, and in the vicinity of the first substrate end A ⁇ b> 1 to form the first initial crack in the glass substrate A.
- the cutter wheel 18 is positioned above the position separated from the first substrate end A1.
- the lifting mechanism 17 is operated to lower the cutter wheel 18. Then, the first initial crack Tr1 is formed so that the blade edge is pressed against the substrate A. At this time, the pedestal 7 is moved about 2 mm to roll the cutter wheel 18 on the substrate, and the stable first initial crack Tr1 is reliably formed.
- the lifting mechanism 17 and the rotary table 12 are returned to their original positions (positions shown in FIG. 3A), and the laser device 13 is operated to irradiate the laser beam. Further, the coolant is injected from the cooling nozzle 16. At this time, the heating conditions and cooling conditions such as the laser output and the refrigerant injection amount are set within a range in which no through crack is generated at the position of the first initial crack Tr1 (that is, a full cut is not generated).
- the first initial crack Tr1 is formed at a position inside the substrate so as to be separated from the substrate end (first substrate end A1), the force to tear the left and right sides at the first substrate end A1 (force to make a full cut state) Even if this works, the first substrate end A1 is in a state in which cracking is difficult to occur, so that it is difficult to achieve a full cut as compared with the case where an initial crack is formed in advance on the substrate end A1.
- the heating condition and the cooling condition such as the laser output to be irradiated and the refrigerant injection amount
- the process window in which the condition that does not cause a full cut can be selected is widened. Therefore, as the heating condition and cooling condition to be set, a condition that is more radical than when the initial crack is formed at the substrate end, that is, a condition capable of forming a deep scribe line may be selected.
- the pedestal 7 is moved, and the beam spot of the laser beam formed on the substrate A and the cooling spot by the coolant from the cooling nozzle 16 are along the scribe line. To be scanned.
- a scribe line made of the crack Cr having a finite depth starting from the position of the first initial crack Tr1 is formed on the substrate A.
- a deep scribe line which has been difficult until now, is formed by appropriately selecting the laser heating conditions and the cooling conditions with the refrigerant within a range that does not cause through cracks (ie, extreme conditions within a range that does not result in full cut). it can. It should be noted that a region where the crack Cr is not formed exists at the substrate end (first substrate end A1) of the substrate A on the first initial crack Tr1 side.
- the laser break process will be described.
- the rotary table 12 is returned to the original position (position shown in FIG. 3A), the lifting mechanism 17 is operated, and the cutter wheel 18 is lowered.
- the substrate A and the cutter wheel 18 move so as to approach each other, the cutter wheel 18 is applied to the first substrate end A1, and a second initial crack Tr2 is formed at the substrate end.
- the table 12 may continue to move so that the second initial crack Tr2 continues to the first initial crack Tr1.
- the second initial crack Tr2 may be formed deeper than the first initial crack Tr1 by changing the pressure contact force. In this case, as will be described later, the crack can be further deeply penetrated.
- the elevating mechanism 17 and the rotary table 12 are returned to their original positions (positions shown in FIG. 3A), and the laser device 13 is operated to emit the laser beam. Irradiate.
- the heating conditions such as the laser output irradiated at this time will be described later.
- the substrate A is moved, and the beam spot formed on the substrate A is scanned along the scribe line from the first substrate end A1 toward the second substrate end A2.
- the deep crack Cr2 proceeds along the crack Cr (scribe line) starting from the second initial crack Tr2 (that is, the first substrate end A1), a deeper scribe line is formed at the end of the second substrate. A2 is formed.
- the heating conditions for the laser break process will be described.
- the heating conditions such as laser output may be the same as in the first laser irradiation, but are preferably set as follows.
- the scanning speed is increased compared to the first laser irradiation, the heating time at each point on the scribe line is shortened (laser output is set high), and the surface layer of the scribe line is heated only for a short time.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a stress gradient to be formed during the laser break process.
- the substrate surface layer is heated for a short time to form a heating region H.
- a large compressive stress HR is formed on the surface layer of the substrate, and a tensile stress CR is generated inside the substrate in response to the influence. If the crack Cr exists inside the substrate, the tensile stress is concentrated at the tip of the crack Cr, and as a result, the crack Cr penetrates deeper.
- the temperature difference generated in the depth direction is reduced by transferring heat inside the substrate.
- the stress gradient in the depth direction is weakened. Therefore, in laser break processing, in order to set heating conditions and cooling conditions in which compressive stress is easily formed on the surface layer of the substrate and tensile stress is formed inside the substrate, heating conditions that heat strongly in a short time within a temperature range where the substrate does not soften Is preferably selected.
- the temperature difference in the depth direction may be increased by preliminarily blowing the coolant before cooling to increase the tensile stress in the substrate.
- the reason why a deeper scribe line can be easily made by making the second initial crack deeper than the first initial crack will be described.
- the initial position of the crack tip where the tensile stress is concentrated can be set to the deep position of the substrate.
- laser irradiation is performed to give a strong compressive stress to the substrate surface layer.
- the tensile stress concentrates on the crack tip at a deep position, and the greater the distance from the substrate surface to the crack tip, the larger the force (moment) that attempts to spread the crack tears the crack tip. So that cracks penetrate easily and deeply.
- the second laser irradiation is performed from the deep second initial crack formed at the first substrate end toward the second substrate end.
- a scribe line can be formed, and when the crack Cr2 reaches the back surface, the substrate can be completely divided by laser break treatment.
- the sectional surface formed by this mechanism is very beautiful and excellent in straightness, and is in an ideal state as a processed end face.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a processing operation procedure in a laser breaking process of the processing method according to the second embodiment. Since the laser scribing process is the same as that shown in FIG. A scribe line made of a crack Cr having a finite depth starting from the position of the first initial crack Tr1 is formed on the substrate A by laser scribing similar to that up to FIG. In this state, the process proceeds to laser break processing.
- the rotary table 12 is slightly returned so that the first initial crack Tr1 is located below the optical holder.
- the laser device 13 is operated to irradiate the laser beam to heat the first initial crack Tr1, and the rotary table 12 (pedestal 7) is moved to move the beam spot. Is moved to the first substrate end A1 side. As a result, the crack progresses from the first initial crack Tr1 toward the first substrate end A1, and the second initial crack Tr2 is formed so as to continue from the first substrate end A1 to the first initial crack.
- the rotary table 12 (base 7) is returned to the original position (position of FIG. 3A), and the laser device 13 is operated to irradiate the laser beam.
- the substrate A is moved, and the beam spot formed on the substrate A is scanned from the first substrate end A1 toward the second substrate end A2 along the scribe line.
- the deep initial crack Tr2 that is, the first substrate end A1 starts and the deep crack Cr2 proceeds along the crack Cr (scribe line), and the deep scribe line is formed to the second substrate end A2.
- the second initial crack is formed so as to be continuous with the first initial crack.
- the laser break treatment is performed even if they are not continuous.
- a continuous scribe line can be formed.
- a continuous scribe line can be formed if the distance to the first initial crack is sufficiently close.
- the present invention can be used for a process of forming a deep scribe line or completely dividing a brittle material substrate such as a glass substrate.
Abstract
Description
ここで、脆性材料基板とは、ガラス基板、焼結材料のセラミックス、単結晶シリコン、半導体ウエハ、サファイア基板、セラミック基板等をいう。
そのため、フラットパネルディスプレイをはじめ、ガラス基板等を分断することが必要な種々の製造工程等でレーザスクライブ加工が採用されている。
前者の「有限深さのクラック」により形成される切筋をスクライブラインと呼び、後者の貫通クラックによる分断ラインをフルカットラインと呼ぶ。これらは異なるメカニズムにより形成される。
また、レーザブレイク処理で基板を完全分断しない場合であっても、レーザスクライブ加工において少しでも深いスクライブラインを形成しておく方が、後のレーザブレイク処理でさらに深いスクライブラインにすることが簡単にできるようになるので望ましい。
深いスクライブラインを形成しようとして、加熱条件や冷却条件をこれまでよりも過激な加熱条件や冷却条件にシフトさせた場合に、このような「先走り」の発生する頻度が高まる。
また、第二に、フルカットラインではなく、スクライブラインを形成することができる加熱条件や冷却条件のプロセスウインドウを広げ、安定してスクライブラインを形成することができる加工方法を提供することを目的とする。
また、第三に、「先走り」の発生しにくいスクライブラインの加工方法を提供することを目的とする。
また、本発明によれば、レーザスクライブの加工条件(加熱条件、冷却条件)を、これまでよりも過激な条件に変更してもフルカットラインではなく、スクライブラインを形成することができるようになり、その結果、これまで以上の深いスクライブラインを形成することができる。さらに、基板端にクラックが形成されないため、「先走り」の発生を抑制することができる。
上記発明において、カッターホイールとして、刃先に周期溝が形成された溝付きカッターホイールを用いてもよい。
また、上記発明において、スクライブ予定ラインの始端から初期亀裂までの離隔距離が2mm~7mmであるようにしてもよい。
(a)まず、第一基板端近傍のスクライブ予定ライン上に、第一基板端から離隔するようにして、基板内側に第一初期亀裂を形成する第一初期亀裂形成工程を実行する。(b)続いて、第一回目のレーザ照射のビームスポットを第一基板端側からスクライブ予定ラインに沿って第二基板端まで相対移動させて基板を軟化温度以下で加熱するとともに、ビームスポットの通過直後の部位に冷媒を吹き付けて冷却し、スクライブ予定ラインに生じる深さ方向の応力勾配を利用してスクライブ予定ラインに沿って有限深さのスクライブラインを形成するレーザスクライブ工程を実行する。
このとき、ビームスポットによる加熱条件、冷却スポットによる冷却条件を、適切に選択することにより、深さ方向の応力勾配に基づいて形成される有限深さのクラックからなるスクライブラインを形成するようにし、フルカットラインが形成されないようにする。具体的には、基板表面の温度差が激しくなる加熱条件(例えばレーザ出力増大)や冷却条件(例えば冷媒噴射量増大)にしすぎると、スクライブラインよりもフルカットラインになりやすい傾向があるので、加熱条件や冷却条件があまり過激な条件にならないようにする。ただし、第一基板端には初期亀裂が形成されていないので、基板端から始まるフルカットラインが発生しにくくなっており、選択できるプロセスウインドウは広がっているので、従来よりも温度差が大きな加熱条件、冷却条件でレーザスクライブ加工ができるようになっている。
(c)続いて、第一基板端、または、第一基板端と第一初期亀裂との間のスクライブ予定ラインの少なくともいずれかに第二初期亀裂を形成する第二初期亀裂形成工程を実行する。
これにより、次のレーザブレイク工程のときにクラックの進行方向を誘導する切り筋を第一基板端近傍に形成しておく。
(d)続いて、第二回目のレーザ照射のビームスポットをスクライブラインに沿って第一基板端から第二基板端まで相対移動させてスクライブラインをさらに深く浸透させるか、または、完全に分断させるレーザブレイク工程を実行する。
これにより、第一基板端から第二基板端までクラックが進行し、確実にクラックを形成することができるようになり、しかも第二初期亀裂によって第一基板端近傍に形成されるクラックの進行方向を誘導することができるので、「先走り」のような制御できないクラックが形成されることを防ぐことができる。
また、レーザスクライブ加工の際に、設定可能なプロセスウインドウ(加工条件として設定できる範囲)を広くすることができるようになるので、これまでよりも過激な加熱条件、冷却条件を用いて、より深いスクライブラインを形成することができる。また、深いスクライブラインを形成することで、レーザブレイク処理の際に、設定可能なプロセスウインドウ(加工条件として設定できる範囲)が広くなり、フルカットに移行することなく、安定してスクライブラインをより深く形成したり、安定して完全分断したりすることができる。
これにより、次のレーザブレイク工程の際に、第一基板端から第一初期亀裂までスクライブ予定ラインに沿って、クラックが進行するようになり、先走り現象を完全になくすることができる。
特に、刃先に周期溝が形成されたカッターホイールを用いることにより、基板面に対して刃先が滑りにくくなり、基板端から離隔した位置に初期亀裂を形成する際に、短い距離(1mm~2mm程度)を転動させるだけで確実に安定した初期亀裂を形成することができる。刃先に周期溝が形成された溝付カッターホイールとしては、具体的には三星ダイヤモンド工業株式会社製の高浸透刃先「ぺネット」(登録商標)や「APIO」(登録商標)を用いることができる。
これによれば、基板上の第一初期亀裂はカッターホイールにより、細い切筋の初期亀裂を、確実に形成することができる。また、第二初期亀裂については、第一初期亀裂が既に形成されているので、第一初期亀裂上から第一基板端側へ向けたレーザの部分的な照射により、クラックを進行させることで、第二初期亀裂を誘導することができる。
これによれば、続いて行われるレーザブレイク工程でクラックの深さを簡単に深くすることができるようになる。
7 台座
12 回転テーブル
13 レーザ装置
16 冷却ノズル
17 昇降機構
18 周期溝付カッターホイール
A ガラス基板(脆性材料基板)
BS ビームスポット
CS 冷却スポット
Cr クラック
Cr1 深いクラック
Cr2 クラック
Tr 初期亀裂
最初に、本発明の加工方法を実施する際に用いる基板加工装置の一例について説明する。
図1は本発明の加工方法を実施することができる基板加工装置LS1の概略構成図である。ここではガラス基板を加工する場合を例に説明するが、シリコン基板等の脆性材料基板であっても同様である。
レーザ装置13は、脆性材料基板の加工用として一般的なものを使用すればよく、具体的にはエキシマレーザ、YAGレーザ、炭酸ガスレーザ又は一酸化炭素レーザなどが使用される。ガラス基板Aの加工には、ガラス材料のエネルギー吸収効率が大きい波長の光を発振する炭酸ガスレーザを使用することが好ましい。
酸ガス等を用いることができるが、本実施形態では圧縮空気を噴射するようにしてある。冷却ノズル16から噴射される冷却媒体は、ビームスポットの左端から少し離れた位置に向けられ、ガラス基板Aの表面に冷却スポットを形成するようにしてある。
第一初期亀裂Tr1を基板端(第一基板端A1)から離隔させて基板内側位置に形成してあるので、第一基板端A1に左右に裂こうとする力(フルカット状態にする力)が働いたとしても、第一基板端A1はクラック発生が困難な状態になっているので、基板端A1に予め初期亀裂を形成してある場合に比べて、フルカットになりにくい。また、照射するレーザ出力や冷媒噴射量等の加熱条件、冷却条件については、フルカットにならない条件を選択できるプロセスウインドウが広くなっている。したがって、設定する加熱条件や冷却条件としては、初期亀裂が基板端に形成されているときよりも過激な条件、すなわちスクライブラインを深く形成することができる条件を選択してもよい。
図4(a)に示すように、回転テーブル12を元の位置(図3(a)の位置)に戻し、昇降機構17を作動してカッターホイール18を下降しておく。
また、圧接力を変えることで第二初期亀裂Tr2を第一初期亀裂Tr1よりも深く形成しておくようにしてもよい。この場合は、後述するようにクラックを深く浸透させることがさらに簡単にできるようになる。
第一基板端A1近傍に形成された深い第二初期亀裂Tr2をレーザブレイク処理の開始端とすることにより、引張応力が集中するクラック先端の初期位置を基板の深い位置にすることができる。この状態で、レーザ照射を行うことにより、基板表層に強い圧縮応力を与える。これにより、深い位置のクラック先端に引張応力が集中するようになり、さらに、基板表面からクラック先端までの距離がある程度長いほど、クラックを広げようとする大きな力(モーメント)がクラック先端を引き裂く方向に働くようになるので、クラックが簡単に深く浸透するようになる。
このメカニズムにより形成された分断面は、非常に美しく、しかも直進性に優れており、加工端面として理想的な状態となっている。
図3(e)までと同様のレーザスクライブ加工により、基板Aには、第一初期亀裂Tr1の位置を起点とする有限深さのクラックCrからなるスクライブラインが形成されている。この状態でレーザブレイク処理に移行する。
Claims (8)
- 脆性材料基板に対し、基板端を始端とするスクライブ予定ラインを設定し、スクライブ予定ラインに沿って有限深さのクラックを形成する脆性材料基板の加工方法であって、
前記スクライブ予定ラインの前記始端近傍で、かつ、始端から基板内側方向に離隔したスクライブ予定ライン上の位置に、カッターホイールを圧接して始端から離隔した初期亀裂を形成し、
次いで、レーザ照射により基板面に形成されるビームスポットを、前記始端から前記初期亀裂上を通過しつつ前記スクライブ予定ラインに沿って相対移動することにより軟化温度以下で局所加熱し、次いで局所加熱した領域の直後を冷却することにより、前記初期亀裂の位置を起点とする有限深さのクラックをスクライブ予定ラインに沿って形成する脆性材料基板の加工方法。 - 前記カッターホイールとして、刃先に周期溝が形成された溝付きカッターホイールを用いる請求項1に記載のレーザスクライブ方法。
- スクライブ予定ラインの始端から初期亀裂までの離隔距離が2mm~7mmである請求項1に記載のレーザスクライブ方法。
- 脆性材料基板に設定した第一の基板端から第二の基板端までのスクライブ予定ラインに沿って二度のレーザ照射を行うことにより前記基板を加工する脆性材料基板の加工方法であって、
(a)第一基板端近傍のスクライブ予定ライン上に第一基板端から離隔するようにして第一初期亀裂を形成する第一初期亀裂形成工程と、
(b)第一回目のレーザ照射のビームスポットを第一基板端側から前記スクライブ予定ラインに沿って第二基板端まで相対移動させて前記基板を軟化温度以下で加熱するとともに、前記ビームスポットの通過直後の部位に冷媒を吹き付けて冷却し、前記スクライブ予定ラインに沿って有限深さのスクライブラインを形成するレーザスクライブ工程と、
(c)第一基板端、または、第一基板端と第一初期亀裂との間のスクライブ予定ラインの少なくともいずれかに第二初期亀裂を形成する第二初期亀裂形成工程と、
(d)第二回目のレーザ照射のビームスポットを前記スクライブラインに沿って第一基板端から第二基板端まで相対移動させて前記スクライブラインをさらに深く浸透させるか、または、完全に分断させるレーザブレイク工程とからなる脆性材料基板の加工方法。 - (c)の第二初期亀裂形成工程において、第二初期亀裂は第一基板端から第一初期亀裂まで前記スクライブ予定ラインに沿って連続して形成される請求項4に記載の脆性材料基板の加工方法。
- 第一初期亀裂および第二初期亀裂はカッターホイールを圧接することにより形成される請求項4に記載の脆性材料基板の加工方法。
- 第一初期亀裂はカッターホイールを圧接することにより形成され、第二初期亀裂は第一初期亀裂上から第一基板端側へ向けたレーザの部分的な照射により形成される請求項4に記載の脆性材料基板の加工方法。
- 第二初期亀裂は第一初期亀裂よりも深く形成する請求項4に記載の脆性材料基板の加工方法。
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Also Published As
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CN102026926B (zh) | 2013-06-05 |
TWI380963B (zh) | 2013-01-01 |
JP5325209B2 (ja) | 2013-10-23 |
JPWO2009128334A1 (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
KR101223470B1 (ko) | 2013-01-17 |
TW201002639A (en) | 2010-01-16 |
CN102026926A (zh) | 2011-04-20 |
KR20110005850A (ko) | 2011-01-19 |
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