WO2009124528A1

WO2009124528A1 - Installation for producing moulded bricks

Info

Publication number: WO2009124528A1
Application number: PCT/DE2009/000436
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andreas Wörz
Original assignee: Rampf Formen Gmbh
Priority date: 2008-04-08
Filing date: 2009-04-03
Publication date: 2009-10-15
Also published as: DE102008017964A1; EP2262628A1; EP2262628B1; PL2262628T3

Abstract

The invention relates to an installation (1) for producing moulded bricks (4), comprising a centering device (23). The installation (1) comprises at least one approximately horizontal waterline plane (29) in which the die plate (20) and/or the mould cavity (25) can be displaced relative to a machine frame (5) of the installation (1), wherein the displacement can be controlled by the centering device (23).

Description

"Plant for the production of shaped bricks"

The invention relates to a plant for the production of molded bricks according to the preamble of claim 1.

From DE 10 2005 048 930 Al a plant for the production of molded bricks, in particular shaped bricks made of concrete is known, wherein the plant comprises a stone molding machine with a machine frame and at least one mold, wherein the mold comprises a mold top and a mold bottom, wherein the mold top a surcharge of the stone forming machine can be fastened, wherein the lower mold part rests on a vibrating table of the stone forming machine, wherein the upper mold part has at least one punch with a stamp plate, wherein the lower mold part has at least one mold cavity, wherein the plant has a centering device, which at least one centering pin and at least one Centering bushing, wherein the centering centered or the stamp on the mold cavity or the mold cavity. In such a device, the or the centering pins are subject to a significant lateral loads when there is an offset between the upper mold part and the lower mold part.

The invention has for its object to develop a system for the production of molded bricks, in which a high transverse load of the centering pin or is reliably avoided in any operating situation. This object is achieved on the basis of the features of the preamble of claim 1 by the characterizing features of claim 1. In the dependent claims advantageous and expedient developments are given.

The inventive plant for the production of molded bricks, has at least one floating plane, in which the stamp plate alone or together with at least one further component of the system and / or the mold cavity alone or together with at least one further component of the system relative to the machine frame approximately horizontally displaceable are, wherein the displacement is controlled by the centering device. By this addition of the centering device to at least one floating plane is a transverse load of the or centering regardless of the number of production cycles, for which the mold is in use, largely reduced because the stamp plate in particular together with the upper mold, and / or there let the mold cavity, in particular together with the mold insert or the lower mold part, smoothly move and without a spring back relative to the fixed machine frame and thus are aligned with each other. The core of the invention is a particularly active when dipping the punch in the mold cavity, smooth and low-wear centering, which requires no special adaptation of the punch or the pressure plate of the punch on the mold cavity, since the pressure plate is retracted unerring into the mold cavity by means of the centering and unerringly extended from the mold cavity. As a result, the remaining, slight wear, which occurs during centering or when aligning the upper mold part on the lower mold part, mainly limited to the centering, so that the stamp with its stamp plate and the mold cavity virtually no subject by centering or aligning wear. Thus, the plant is synonymous suitable for use conventional molds and also for companies of advantage, which already have a large number of forms, since this system can also operate existing forms gentler and thus have an extended life or longer maintenance intervals.

The invention also provides, slidably form the vibrating table and the mold base or the mold frame of the mold base relative to the machine frame in floating levels and / or slidably form the lower mold part on the vibrating board or with the Rüttelbrett relative to the machine frame in a swimming plane and / or the upper mold the load in a floating plane form slidably and / or a slider of the ballast, on which the upper mold is fastened, against a holder of the load form slidably. This results in a variety of options for retrofitting existing facilities or for the integration of the swimming level or swimming levels in new facilities.

The invention also provides to provide the system with a device for detecting a distance between the upper mold part and the lower mold part and / or a device for detecting transverse forces acting on the centering device. This can increase the reliability of the system and monitor the manufacturing process at each production cycle.

According to the invention, it is provided to activate or deactivate the floating plane or the floating planes as a function of the position of the upper mold part or of the lower mold part and / or in dependence on the acting transverse forces by means of a control device. Activation means a release of at least one floating level, a deactivation is a Braking or blocking at least one swimming level to understand. This makes it possible to consistently keep unwanted cross-loads during operation by appropriate control measures or avoid.

Further details of the invention are described in the drawing with reference to schematically illustrated embodiments.

Hereby shows:

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a section of a first stone-forming machine in the region of a arranged in the stone molding machine form, wherein the stone-forming machine has an exemplary illustrated floating plane;

Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a section of a second stone-forming machine in the region of a arranged in the stone-forming machine form, wherein the stone-forming machine has four exemplified swimming levels;

Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a section of a third stone forming machine in the region of a arranged in the stone molding machine form, the stone mold has a controlled by a centering clamping device for fixing a lower mold part of a vibrating board;

Figure 4 - 10: schematic representations of sections of embodiments of the shown stone forming machines

FIGS. 11, 12, 13a-13e, 14a-14e: representations of centering devices in different positions; FIG. 15: Representation of the centering function and

FIG. 16: detailed view of FIG. 1.

1 shows a detail of a system 1 according to the invention is shown schematically. The plant 1 according to the invention comprises a stone forming machine 2 and a mold 3 to be operated in the stone forming machine 2, with which shaped blocks A, in particular of concrete, can be produced. The stone forming machine 2 comprises a machine frame 5, which is essentially formed by a foundation 6 and columns 7. On the foundation 6 a vibrating table 8 is arranged, on which a vibrating board 9 rests. The vibrating board 9 serves as a support for a mold base 10 of the aforementioned mold 3. On the machine frame 5, a mold clamping device 11 is further arranged, which comprises a plurality of pneumatically operated tensioner 12, preferably four tensioners 12 are used. By means of the tensioner 12, the lower mold part 10 can be fastened to the machine frame 5. As a further important component, the stone forming machine 2 also comprises a ballast 13, which can be moved vertically on the columns 7 in the y or y ¹ direction. The movement takes place by means of drives 14, which are arranged on a cross-member 15 connecting the columns 7. On a flange 16 of the ballast 13 is a top mold 17 of the aforementioned form 3 can be fastened. The upper mold part 17 comprises stamps 18, which are essentially formed by stamp necks 19 and stamp plates 20, and centering pins 21, which together with centering bushes 22 arranged on the lower mold part 10 form a centering device 23. The centering device 23 comprises four centering pins 21 and four centering bushes 22 in the present exemplary embodiment. The lower mold part 10 comprises a mold insert 24 with mold cavities 25, which is arranged in a mold frame 26. Here are the already mentioned centering 22 arranged on the mold frame 26. By immersing the stamp 18 with their stamp plates 20 in the mold nests 25 a concrete located in the mold nests 25 27 is compressed to the already mentioned molded blocks 4. This compression caused by the descending mold top 17 is assisted by vibrations which can be generated in the vibrating table 8 by vibrators 28 and / or in the ballast 13 by further vibrators (not shown). The plant 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a floating plane 29. Furthermore, the system 1 in the lower mold part 10 still has an elastic bearing 30. The first float plane 29 is realized between the ballast 13 and the upper shell 17 by a floating device 31. The floating device 31 allows the upper mold part 17 to move in the directions x or x ¹ and / or z or z ¹ relative to the ballast 13 in the plane of vertical 29 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. According to the invention, it is provided by means of the floating device 31 to the top of the mold 17 to release the swimming in the swimming plane 29 or block.

The elastic bearing 30 of the system 1 shown in FIG. 1 is formed in the lower mold part 10 between the mold frame 26 and the mold insert 24. The technical embodiment of the elastic bearing 30 embodied between the mold insert 24 and the mold frame 26 of the mold base 10 is shown in FIG. 16, which shows an enlarged detail of the mold base 10 shown in FIG. To decouple the mold insert 24 from the machine frame 5, the mold insert 24 is mounted opposite the mold frame 26 between brushes 33, 34. The brushes 33, 34 are arranged in a pocket 36 of the mold frame 26. In this pocket 36 of the mold insert 24 protrudes with a tongue 35, wherein the pocket 36 and the tongue 35 are preferably formed circumferentially. For damping and limiting the movement of the mold insert 24, this is opposite to the Mold frame 26 damped by a buffer 37. A blocking of the elastic bearing 30 can be effected by bolts, not shown, which connect the mold insert 24 and the mold frame 26 rigidly together.

When lowering the upper mold 17, the punch 18 of the upper mold 17 are centered shortly before immersion in the mold cavity 25 by the centering on the mold cavities 25, with this the upper mold 17 optionally displaces corresponding in the floating plane 29 (see Figure 1).

Due to the elastic support 30, transverse forces occurring during the shaking process, with which the mold cavities and the stamp plates are primarily loaded, are reduced, since the mold insert 24 is decoupled from the machine frame 5 via its bearing device 32.

FIG. 2 shows a section of a second installation 38 in a schematic representation. The second system 38 is constructed comparable to the first system shown in FIG. For this reason, the same reference numerals are used for the same components and reference is made to the description of Figure 1 with respect to the basic structure of Appendix 38. In contrast to the system shown in FIG. 1, in addition to a swimming plane 29 already known from FIG. 1, further swimming levels 39, 40 and 41 are exemplarily implemented in the system 38. The floating planes 29, 39, 40 and 41 are to be understood as design variants, of which one or more are carried out on an actual installation and which can be used independently of one another or together. The floating plane 39 is realized by a floating device 42, which is formed within the ballast 13. For this purpose, the ballast 13 comprises a holder 43 and a slider 44 suspended therein. which carries the upper 17 form. The floating device 42 is shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 5, with the mold clamping device 11 shown in FIG. 5 deviating from the illustration of FIG. 2. In principle, the floating device 42 allows a float of the slider 44 between brushes 45, which are fixed to the holder 43. The holder 43 further comprises clamping devices 46 between the piston 47 of the slider 44 can be clamped to brake or block the swimming. By means of the centering pins 21, a unit formed from the slider 44 and the upper mold part 17 is aligned with the lower mold part 10 and, if appropriate, moved relative to the holder 43 of the ballast 13 in the floating plane 39.

The floating levels 40 and 41 are shown enlarged in FIG. These two floating levels 40 and 41, when used together, allow a float unit, which is formed by the vibrating table 8, the vibrating board 9 and the lower mold part 10, to move to a position under the upper mold 17 indicated by the centering pins 21. As a result, the vibrating table 8, the vibrating board 9 and the mold base 10 can be displaced as a unit from the centering pins 21 relative to the machine frame 5.

However, the swimming levels 40 can also be operated independently of the swimming level 41. In this case, the lower mold part 10 is moved by the centering device 23 as needed on the vibrating board 9 or with the vibrating board 9 on the vibrating table 8.

3 shows a section of a third system 48 in a schematic representation. Here, a further floating plane 49 between the lower mold part 10 and the tensioners 12 of the mold clamping device 11 is realized. As long as the lower mold part 10 through the tensioner 12 of the mold clamping device 11 yet is not immovably clamped to the machine frame 5, it is the centering device 23 possible with their centering pins 21, the lower mold part 10, to which the centering jacks 22 are fixed, to move on the vibrating board 9 in the floating plane 49 and the punch 18 of the upper mold 17 align. During the compression and shaking operation, which is shown in FIG. 3, the centering unit 23 additionally serves to clamp the lower mold part 10 and the vibrating board 9 together. For this purpose, the centering pins 21 of the centering device 23 are associated with drives 50, which are preferably designed as hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders. By a method of centering pins 21 in the direction of arrow y 'down Brettverspanner 51 can be actuated, which are designed as a rocker arm 52. The Kippelhebel 52 are rotatably mounted on the lower mold part 10 about a rotation axis 53. Due to the dual function, which takes over the centering device 23, it is possible that lower mold part 10 and the upper mold part 17 to center each other and also an unwanted lifting of the mold part 10 of the vibrating board 9 during the shaking and compression operation effectively by a tension of the mold base 10 with to prevent the vibrating board 9. The drives 50 are arranged in the ballast 13 and thus without an increased effort for the conversion of each mold 3 used.

In FIG. 4, the third system 48 shown in FIG. 3 is shown in a variant in which the centering pins 21 of the centering device 23 take on a further additional function in addition to the function of centering the upper mold part 17 on the lower mold part 10. The centering pins 21 take over here the additional function of a height limit, which determines how deep the stamp 18 can dive with their stamp plates 20 in the mold nests 25 of the mold part 10. For fine adjustment or for adaptation to different shapes 3, the centering pins 21 are height adjustable, the centering pins 21 for this purpose in y or y 'direction in the ballast 13 can be screwed or unscrewed from the ballast 13. Alternatively or additionally, it is provided to adjust the height limit by means of adjustable and / or replaceable stop plates 54, which are arranged between the centering pins 21 and the lower mold part 10.

FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment variant of the second system 38 shown in FIG. 2, wherein the floating plane 39 shown there has already been described above in connection with FIG. 2.

FIG. 6 shows a variant embodiment of the second system 38 shown in FIG. 2. The float plane 29 is here corresponding to FIG. 2 with the

Floating device 31 realized, which acts between the ballast 13 and the upper mold 17. In the floating device 31, a quick-release device 55 is integrated, by means of which a clamping bolt 56 connected to the upper mold part 17 is held. The clamping bolt 56 and a surrounding clamping sleeve 57 are held with circumferential play 58 in a through hole 59 of the ballast 13. As a result, a movement of the upper mold part 17 according to the specifications of the centering device 23 in the floating plane 29 is possible.

FIG. 7 shows the technical embodiment of the floating plane 40 already shown in FIG. 2 in a detailed view. In order to allow the lower mold part 10 to float, the lower mold part 10 is held by the mold clamping device 11 only with the interposition of brushes 60. Swimming of the mold lower part 10 can be braked or blocked by an increased clamping force of the clamps 12. FIG. 8 shows a further detail view of FIG. 2, in which the technical embodiment of the floating plane 41 and the floating plane 40 can be seen.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment variant of the third installation 48. The system 48 has a measuring device 61, which is embodied on at least one centering pin 21 of the centering device 23. The measuring device 61 has at least one sensor 62, by which it is detected in which distance the upper mold part 17 and the lower mold part 10 are facing. According to the invention, it is provided to control the smooth running or blocking or release of the floating device, which is not visible here, as a function of this measured variable. A binding or blocking the Schwimmebne is particularly provided when the upper mold part 17 is not guided in the lower mold part 10, wherein this binding or blocking, in particular shortly before the upper mold 17 is immersed in the lower mold part 10 is repealed.

FIG. 10 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment variant of the third installation 48. This comprises a further measuring device 63 which is executed on the centering device 23 on at least one centering pin 21. The measuring device 63 has a sensor 64, by means of which a transverse load of the centering pin 21 in the x, x 'direction and in the z, z' direction is detected. According to the invention, it is provided to incorporate the detected values into the control of the stone-forging machine 2, e.g. at high shear forces blocking the Schwimmebne is repealed.

Of course, the invention also provides a combination of the measuring devices shown in Figures 9 and 10. The invention is not limited to illustrated or described embodiments. Rather, it includes developments of the invention within the scope of the patent claims.

List of reference numbers:

1 first plant

2 stone forming machine

3 form

4 shaped stone

5 machine frame

6 foundation

7 pillar

8 vibrating table

9- vibrating board

10 mold base

11 mold clamping device

12 tensioners of 11

13 surcharge

14 drive from 13

15 crossbeam

16 flange side of 13

17 form top

18 stamps

19 stamp neck of 18

20 stamp plate of 18

21 centering pin

22 centering bush

23 centering device

24 mold insert of 10

25 mold nest

26 mold frames from 10

27 concrete

28 vibrators in 8

29 first swimming level

30 elastic storage

31 Swimming facility between 13 and 17

32 storage facility between 24 and 26

33 brush in 32

34 brush in 32 Tongue of 24

Bag of 26

Buffer between 24 and 26 second plant second swimming level third swimming level fourth swimming level

Swimming facility to 39

Holder of 13

Glider of 13

Brush of 42

Clamping device of 42

Piston of 46 third plant fifth swimming level

drive

Brettverspanner

rocker arm

Rotation axis of 52

stop plate

Quick clamping device

clamping bolt

clamping sleeve

game

Through Hole

Brush of 11

Measuring device for position

sensor

Measuring device for lateral forces

sensor - 14a -

(100) Centering plate

(101) Standard

(102) Guide Length Buchs Ll

(103) Speed centering bolt = Vl

(104) Guide length L2 Bolt

(105) Speed of pressure piece = Vl

(106) Centering plate

(107) Guide length bushing Ll

(108) Speed centering bolt = V2

(109) Guide length bolt L3

(110) Speed of pressure piece = Vl

(111) movable

(112) moving bolts

(113) Standard tapered, maximum guide surface Fl

(114) Movement speed centering plate and thrust piece = Vl

(115) Movement speed Centering pin = Vl

(116) Fl = D x FLl or D x Bh; Centering duration / path limited, as the bolt and centering plate synchronously in the speed

(117) Linear rise and fall of the guide surface according to the movement of the load (Vl). Maximum guide surface is limited by the maximum guide length.

(118) movable bolt tapers, maximum guide surface Fl

(119) Movement speed centering bolt = V2

(120) Movement speed centering plate and thrust piece = Vl

(121) Fl = D x FLl or D x Bh; Centering duration / path "unlimited", as the bolt and centering plate are unsynchronized in their speeds

(122) Linear increase and decrease of the guide surface according to the speed sum of - 14b -

Form top and centering pin (Vl + V2). Maximum guide surface is not limited by the guide length!

(123) Centering pin movable relative to centering plate and thrust piece

(124) It can be made by a cylindrical bolt which can be moved in its direction of symmetry independently of the upper mold part, the centering function (similar to a tapered pin) regardless of the position of the upper mold part and canceled. This even possible several times within one production cycle.

(125) The bolt is retracted again after centering and then moved forward again

(126) Centering time, centering time, centering position and centering number are freely selectable

(127) Stroke of the ballast

(200) uncentered

(201) Start of centering

(202) maximum centering area

(203) maximum centering area

(204) Centering canceled

(205) Centering plate

(206) uncentered

(207) Start of centering

(208) maximum centering area

(209) maximum centering area

(210) Centering canceled

(211) Centering plate

Claims

-15-claims:

1. plant (1, 38, 48) for the production of molded bricks (4), in particular molded bricks (4) made of concrete (27), wherein the plant (1, 38, 48) a stone molding machine (2) with a

Machine frame (5) and at least one mold (3), wherein the mold (3) comprises an upper mold part (17) and a lower mold part (10), wherein the upper mold part (17) on a load (13) of the stone-forming machine (2) attachable is, wherein the lower mold part (10) on a vibrating table (8) of the stone forming machine (2) can be placed, wherein the upper mold part (17) at least one punch (18) with a stamp plate (20), wherein the lower mold part (10) at least one The plant (1, 38, 48) has a centering device (23) which comprises at least one centering pin (21) and at least one centering bushing (22), characterized in that the plant (1, 38, 48) has at least one approximately horizontally located floating plane (29, 39, 40, 41, 49) in which the punch plate (20) and / or the mold cavity (25) relative to the machine frame (5) are displaceable, wherein the displacement by the centering device (23) is controllable.

2. Plant (1, 38, 48) for the production of molded bricks (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibrating table (8) and the lower mold part (10) or the mold frame (26) of the lower mold part (10) relative to the Machine frame (5) in the floating planes (40, 41) are displaceable and / or the lower mold part (10) on the vibrating board (9) or with the Rüttelbrett (9) relative to the machine frame (5) in the floating plane (40) is displaceable and / or that the upper mold part (17) relative to the ballast (13) in a floating plane (29) is displaceable and / or that a slider (44) of the ballast (13) on which the upper mold part (17) can be fastened against a holder (43) of the ballast (13) is displaceable. -16-

3. Plant (1, 38, 48) for the production of molded bricks (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system (1, 38, 48) comprises means (62) for detecting a distance between the upper mold part (17 ) and the lower mold part (10) and / or a device (64) for detecting transverse forces acting on the centering device (23).

4. Plant (1, 38, 48) for the production of molded blocks (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the floating plane or the floating levels (29, 39, 40, 41, 49) in dependence on the detected position and / or in dependence on the transverse load of the centering device (23) can be activated or deactivated by means of a control device or are.