DE102005020428A1 - Assembly for producing concrete articles has bracing means for vibration-transmitting connection, in particular clamping, of mold frame with vibration table - Google Patents

Abstract

The assembly (1) has bracing means for vibration-transmitting connection, in particular clamping, of the mold frame (16) with the vibration table (10). Vibration table is provided for supporting production pallet (14). Mold retainer provides a mold frame to mold the product on production pallet. Vibrating drive unit (26) generates vibration of vibration table. Independent claims are also included for the following: (A) Method for production of concrete articles; (B) Control device for controlling the assembly.

Description

The The invention relates to a plant for producing concrete goods The preamble of claim 1. The invention further relates a method for producing concrete goods according to the preamble of claim 15.

Such Stone production plants, which are also called board pavers, are well known. You will find in production-cyclically changing Product pallets in large Scope Application in the industrial mass production of concrete products such as. For Composite pavement, curbs and the like more. For the production the concrete product becomes basic a product forming mold frame, usually several mold cavities forms and is open both down and up, on one Production pallet provided. The lower opening of the mold frame becomes thereby closed by the production pallet, so that from above concrete filled in the mold frame can be. The concrete product to be produced is intended to pass through the mold frame assume predetermined shape and can after removal of the mold frame in principle remain on the production pallet for curing, the Mold frame immediately used to form the next concrete product can be. As a result, a large-scale production can be achieved.

To the Achieving a high product quality requires, on the one hand, Concrete with one possible ideal mixture (so-called ideal concrete) to use, and to Others compress the concrete in the mold frame so that trapped air as possible can escape. Because ideal concrete poor flow properties densification is of particular importance.

The currently known plants work largely in the concrete compaction with bounce-compacting systems. Here are one or more Vibrating tables used that over Bounce impact drives, in particular balancing systems, driven and be stored on elastomeric bearings. Generate the bounce blower drives a substantially vertical shaking motion, the big one Part about the elastomeric bearings and over the machine frames in the foundations and ultimately in the Transmit environment be, which means a lot the compaction performance is lost.

For transmission the vertical movement of the vibrating table on the filled Mold frame is this along with the manufacturing pallet on the vibrating table parked loose and secured against slipping sideways. At the same time the production pallet becomes together with the filled frame by a vertical upward stroke of the vibrating table raised and falling due to gravity back down to the next vertical upward kick from the vibration table to obtain. At least part of the filling process takes place here while the vibrating table in motion, being a stuffing car with the amount of concrete poured over the mold frame moves to evenly distribute the concrete.

adversely Here is that much the vibratory power is lost unused. The beating of the bounce-compacting system leads to an immense noise, so that the operation of such a system regularly a special permit is required. About that In addition, the bouncing blows high wear of the system, partly due to the use of solid cast steel mold frames which is the power required for the bounce blow compression additionally in the air drives.

task Thus, the present invention addresses the problems mentioned to avoid, in particular the utilization of the compaction energy to increase, the product quality preferably even better, the filling accuracy to increase the shape frame and / or the noise level to reduce the plant.

for solution the objects are proposed according to the invention, Clamping means for vibration-transmitting Connect, in particular to provide clamping of the mold frame with the vibration table. The mold frame, which is usually one or more to mold the product Formnester forms, thus can be so firmly connected to the vibration table be transferred so that vibration of the vibrating table on the mold frame be that the mold frame essentially the same vibration movements carries like the vibration table. The vibration table and the mold frame thus vibrate harmoniously with each other. Bouncing and similar shock transfers are thereby avoided and thus the material load and noise reduced. By the vibration transmitting connection is a low-loss transmission the vibration from the vibration table on the mold frame and thus on achieved the product, so that the applied vibration power essentially as a compaction performance is available.

The vibration table is preferably mounted via decoupling bearings for vibration-decoupling bearing relative to the environment. Such storage takes place in particular via air cushion bearings or other gas cushion bearings, which are usually between the vibration table and a machine frame are arranged. This ensures that vibrations of the vibration table are not or only slightly forwarded to the frame, the foundation and finally to the environment. Thus, the loss of vibration performance by delivery to the environment is substantially reduced, which is additionally achieved that a large part of the vibration power is available as compaction performance. Furthermore, an environmental load is prevented by unwanted vibrations.

For a favorable compaction is a forming punch and / or a Auflastrahmen for a forming die for closing the Form frame and / or pressing the product provided. Such a Shaping stamp is to the extent adapted to the mold frame used and in operation below the Auflastrahmens attached. The forming punch penetrates the execution of the Compression from above into the mold frame and closes it first the openings the mold nest and exercises at least by its own weight pressure on the filled concrete mass and thereby supports the compression. The die also shapes a side of the product.

According to one preferred embodiment the plant characterized by a form frame drive for moving the mold frame and / or the forming die, and / or for clamping the mold frame and / or the die with the vibrating table. Such a frame drive can, for example, as a hydraulic drive be executed with substantially perpendicular motion axis. In this case, the mold frame is lifted by the mold frame drive and lowered, the drive unit also serves as a guide. When lowering the mold frame drive presses the mold frame simultaneously on the production pallet and thus on the vibration table, which achieved a tension between vibration table and mold frame becomes. The frame drive is usually fixed to the vibrating table connected. By lifting the mold frame can simultaneously Shaping stamps to be raised with.

In Further advantageously, a brake for braking the mold punch and / or a holding device for holding the forming punch in one Rest position and / or a load container for changing the Mass of the forming punch be provided. Here is a holding device designed as a gallows arranged closure device, at the load container basically hung up becomes.

By a brake for the forming punch can when lowering the form stamp with load container by Dropping the fall speed decreases and / or the forming punch in a desired Be held in position. By slowing down the falling punch can the shock load especially on the filled Product interacts with. Holding the mold stamp in a desired Position has beyond the advantage that when lifting the mold frame of the forming punch first in his position remains and thereby pushing out the Achieved product from the mold frame or mold cavity. By the increase the mass of the ballast box The pressure of the forming punch on the product during the Compaction increases become.

The pour in of concrete in the mold frame is preferably carried out by a Füllschlitten, the over the Form frame can be pushed so that concrete from the filling sled fall into the mold frame or slips. Here is the filling sled preferably approximately funnel-shaped trained and / or has a failure opening, whose dimensions are approximately the opening area of the Mold frame for filling corresponds to the concrete. Due to the funnel shape is the Befüllschlitten in a simple manner, for example by means of a conveyor belt or concrete bunker fillable. By the adaptation of the failure opening of the filling carriage to the opening area of the Formrahmens is achieved that easily process the Füllschlitten Concrete from the filling carriage evenly in all Regions of the mold frame in particular in mold cavities passes.

One even filling can preferably favored thereby be that the Befüllschlitten is overcrowded and thereby after the complete filling of the filling frame Concrete in the filling carriage remains. Therefor is it cheap that the filling carriage sealing edges for Sealing at least one Füllschlittenrandes against at least one edge of the mold frame and / or against another Surface of the Plant has. This prevents overfilling of the Füllschlittens Concrete past the mold frame in other parts of the plant or the Environment. After filling can the fill carriage be pulled down from the mold frame, wherein a part of the sealing edges of the concrete surface at the mold frame opening smooth draws. At the same time the filling carriage arrives from the mold frame usually to Füllschlittentisch, against its surface the filling carriage is sealed. This will cause crowded concrete in the filling carriage held and stands for the next filling to disposal.

The method of Füllschlittens is preferably carried out by a carriage drive, in particular a hydraulic carriage drive. When using a hydraulic drive of the one or more hydraulic cylinders acts simultaneously as a guide for the carriage movement, so that further Füh are dispensable.

for Improvement of the pressing action by the forming punch is in one Great Embodiment of a punch vibration drive for generating a vibration the forming punch and / or a punch press drive for generating a Pressing provided on the forming punch.

According to one another embodiment is a vibration table lock for locking the vibration table across from the environment provided. An oscillating, especially vibration decoupling As a result, the vibration table can be stored outside in phases the vibration processes are bridged, in order to achieve a firm footing. The filling opening of the Formrahmens can thus, for example, on the adjacent surface of the Füllschlittentischs be adapted to thereby a favorable method of Füllschlittens to the mold frame and back again to ensure. Furthermore, a firm stand of the vibrating table for a clean Solve the not yet cured Product from the mold frame low.

For a mass production is preferably a feeder for feeding provided by manufacturing pallets. Such a feeder is for example designed as a toothed belt pair, the production pallets laterally protruding to the Vibrating table leads. Such a vibration table is regularly with a production table provided with two rails, which has a production pallet sideways and between which the assembly line is passed can.

Prefers can by at least one position sensor, the position of the forming punch be recorded. When compacting, the concrete collapses, with the burdening mold stamp lowers. By capturing the position, in particular the vertical position of the punch becomes thus the product height and thus determines the achieved compression state.

Prefers the plant is controlled by a controller, for example also consider the determined position of the forming punch can. Through the control, the vibration, the vibration lock, the mold frame drive, the brake for the forming punch, the holder for the Auflastbehälter, the Füllschlittenantrieb and / or the feeder for the Controlled production pallet.

According to one inventive method for the manufacture of concrete goods according to the preamble of the claim 15 is the vibration table for generating a harmonic vibration vibrationally connected during vibration with the mold frame and / or the vibration table to the environment stored substantially vibration decoupling. As a result, the vibration of the vibration table without loud and material strains and in the Essentially without diverting vibration power into the environment transferred to the mold frame, so that the applied vibration power of the vibration table essentially as a compaction power for the product is available.

According to others Great Embodiments is the method for producing concrete goods by one or more features of claims 16 to 18 characterized.

By the overcrowding of the Füllschlittens becomes a sub-filling of the mold frame avoided. All Areas of the mold frame, in particular all mold cavities are hereby completely filled, without that this requires a special system control. By the Abstox above Raw mass when pulling back of the filling carriage is then achieved in a simple manner a uniform filling level.

By the use of plastic production pallets, ie pallets, which are essentially made of plastic, one can be compared to previously used wood production pallets a more precise surface design the production pallet can be realized. The production pallet forms the mold bottom so that one side of the product is the surface of the Production pallet corresponds and this side of the product thus can be easily specified. Furthermore, by a more accurate surface design a manufacturing pallet a better sealing to the mold frame edge and thus a cleaner edge of the product can be achieved. Thereby, that when vibrating the mold frame on the production pallet and is pressed together on the vibrating table and is clamped with this, remains a precise, Finishing edge created between mold frame and production pallet even while of vibrating.

By the harmonious vibration of mold frames together with the molding table, the production pallet and the forming punch are also smaller tolerances between the forming punch and the mold frame possible, so that a higher edge accuracy created the top of the product in the manufacturing process edges become.

The Invention will now be described with reference to an embodiment with reference closer to the figures explained. It shows

1 a plant according to the invention in egg ner front view,

2 the plant after 1 in a side view,

3 the plant after 1 and 2 in a plan view,

4 the plant in a position for providing a production pallet in a front view,

5 the plant after 4 in a side view,

6 the plant in a position with provided molding box in a front view,

7 the plant after 6 in a side view,

8th the system during pre-compression in a front view,

9 the plant after 8th in a side view,

10 the system during final compression in a front view,

11 the plant after 10 in a side view,

12 the installation of a position after the final compaction with activated vibration table locking in a front view,

13 the plant after 12 in a side view,

14 the plant in a position where the product is taken from the molding box in a front view,

15 the plant after 14 in a side view,

16 the plant when transporting a production pallet with finished product from the plant in a front view and

17 a plant after 16 in a side view.

The attachment 1 according to 1 has a base frame 2 on, the two double T-beams 4 with the foundation 6 is firmly connected. About air cushion bearings 8th is the vibration table 10 on the base frame 2 mounted substantially vibration decoupling. On the vibration table 10 is a production table 12 and then a production pallet 14 arranged.

The shape frame 16 is above the drive frame 18 with the drive cylinders 20 , each attached to one of the guide cylinders 22 be guided. About the drive cylinder 20 and the drive frame 18 can the shape frame 16 be lifted and lowered. The shape frame 16 can thus, as in the 1 shown on the production pallet 14 and thus on the production table 12 on the vibration table 10 be pressed. Because of that, the guide cylinder 22 each with a cylinder attachment 24 with the vibration table 10 are firmly connected, created by pressing down the mold frame 16 through the drive cylinder 20 on the vibration table 10 a firm tension between the mold frame 16 and the vibration table 10 ,

To generate a vibration are vibration drives 26 at the bottom of the vibration table 10 firmly attached to it. A direct connection between the vibratory drives 26 and the base frame 2 does not exist. When generating a vibration by the vibration drives 26 this will be on the vibration table 10 and from this on the production table 12 and the production pallet 14 on the mold frame 16 transferred and is for compression of the in the mold frame 16 filled concrete available. The vibration table 10 , the shape frame 16 and the drive cylinders 20 Together they perform a harmonic vibration, and are together on the air cushion bearings 8th swinging.

With vibration drives switched off 26 can the vibration table 10 locked and fixed in height, in which the locking devices 28 the vibration table 10 by means of their lifting pistons 30 lift and press against a stop in the 1 but not shown.

For further pressing of the product is a forming punch 32 provided in 1 is shown in its rest position. The shape stamp 32 is on load containers 34 attached, in turn, to the Auflastrahmen 36 are attached. The on-load frame 36 is over the holding device 38 in its rest position at the yoke 40 suspended. The yoke 40 is over the gallows 42 on the base frame 2 permanently installed.

If the Auflastrahmen 36 not in the fixture 38 is fixed, it is by means of the guide devices 44 each along the guide cylinder 22 guided. In this case, the guide devices include 44 Continue braking to the Auflastrahmen 36 together with the load containers 34 and the shape stamp 32 to brake or on the guide cylinder 22 in any position.

It should be noted that a connection between the guide cylinders 22 and the gallows 42 with the bracket detached 38 and unlocked lock 28 respectively. 30 only over the air cushions 8th consists.

About the position sensors 46 can the vertical distance between the Auflastrahmen 36 and the mold frame 16 be determined. For this purpose, for example, a vertical rod per position sensor 46 on the mold frame 16 be arranged so that he approaching the Auflastrahmens 36 and the mold frame 16 in a corresponding opening of a position sensor 46 dips and thereby enables the position determination. Thus, with changing mold boxes by changing the vertical rod changed requirements are taken into account.

For filling the mold frame 16 becomes a filler carriage 48 used that with its bottom edge 50 at the height of the upper frame edge 52 of the molding box 16 located. When filling this lower Füllschlittenrand closes 50 against the upper edge of the mold frame 52 off, leaving concrete in the mold frame 16 but can not get past laterally.

In the side view according to 2 is the filling carriage 48 in his position on the filling table 54 to recognize. The lower Füllschlittenrand 50 also seals to the surface of the filling sled table 54 so that concrete can not escape from the filling carriage. Here is the filling sled 50 funnel-shaped, to ensure a filling from above in a simple manner. The additional edge plate 56 is provided for closing a concrete bunker, which is not shown here.

The movement of the filling carriage 48 is achieved by the hydraulic filling carriage drive 58 performed, the over attachment bracket 60 on the filling sled table 54 is attached. The movement of the filling carriage 48 done by the movement of the hydraulic piston 62 , whereby at the same time a guide of the filling carriage 48 is reached.

The surface of the filling sled table 54 is on the upper edge of the mold frame 52 aligned so that the filler carriage 48 from the filling sled table 54 to the mold frame 16 pushed over and can be withdrawn after filling again. With changing products and thus changing shape frame 16 can be a height adjustment of the Formschlittentisches 54 become necessary on the new mold frame. This is the Füllschlittentisch 54 on height-adjustable legs 64 arranged, each in the feet 66 be lowered.

To provide production pallets 14 transports the conveyor belt 70 by means of his drivers 72 one production pallet each 14 from the feed rack 74 to the vibration table 10 , The feed rack 74 is on straps 75 of the base frame 2 arranged. The conveyor belt 70 is about the drive edges 76 and the pulleys 78 guided.

For further transport of a production pallet with product contained there is another transport belt 80 available, which is only hinted at here.

In the plan view according to 3 becomes the opening 49 of the filling carriage 48 Visible, the slightly smaller dimensions than a production range 14 having. A cleanly guided movement of the filling carriage 48 is through the Füllschlittenantrieb 58 ensured by the parallel arranged hydraulic piston 62 be controlled synchronously.

The conveyor belt 70 is by two timing belts 71 educated. The synchronism of the two toothed belts 71 is achieved by the fact that the drive wheels 76 on a drive axle 77 attached by the one drive 69 is moved. The deflecting wheels 78 run on the wheel axle 79 free.

When deploying a production pallet 14 according to the 4 and 5 stand the drive cylinders 20 in its upper end position. The on-load frame 36 with shape stamp 32 is in the fixture 38 at the yoke 40 latched. The vibration table 10 is by means of lifting pistons 30 the locking device 28 fixed against end stops. The product 82 is free from the mold box and mold stamp 32 and by means of conveyor belt 70 from the plant 1 promoted. At the same time a new one over the vibration table 10 positioned. The performed locking of the vibrating table is for a smooth pallet transport and the filling of the mold box in a further step 16 required.

When deploying the mold frame 16 this is done by means of the drive cylinder 20 Shut down and against the production pallet 14 that on the vibration table 10 is arranged, pressed. To avoid wear on the drivers 72 that in the 6 and 7 are not recognizable, drives the conveyor belt 70 about 10mm back.

After positioning the mold frame 16 there is a filling of the mold frame 16 by adding the fill carriage 48 from the filling table 54 to the mold frame 16 is moved. For this it is necessary that the upper edge of the mold frame 52 and the surface of the Füllschlittentisches 54 the same Have height. On the one hand is the locking of the vibration table 10 by means of locking device 28 Requirement. On the other hand, the height of the Füllschlittentisches 54 by means of the height-adjustable table legs 64 be adapted to the particular shape frame used. However, the height adjustment of the filler bed table is sufficient once at the beginning of a new production line after the mold frame has been changed.

During the filling carriage 48 over the molding box 16 drove, closes the edge plate 56 the opening of the concrete bunker 84 , The filling process of the mold box begins when reaching the mold opening through the Füllschlitten 48 ,

When performing the pre-seal, according to the 8th and 9 is the filling carriage 48 over the mold frame 16 in an end position. This position locks the vibrating table 10 canceled and vibrating to pre-compaction is performed. This regularly slips even more concrete into the mold frame 16 because the already filled concrete is compacted by the harmonic vibration and thus releases more space. After completion of the pre-compression, which is determined for example based on a predetermined time, the vibration drives 26 switched off and the locking by means of lifting pistons 30 made, thus the Füllschlitten 48 at the same level of shape frame 16 to the filling slide table 54 can be withdrawn. When retracting the filling carriage 48 the concrete is at the opening of the mold frame 16 smoothed and excess concrete through the filling carriage 48 to the filling slide table 54 pulled over. Then the lock is released again.

To carry out the final compaction according to 10 and 11 becomes the holding device 38 for the Auflastrahmen 36 solved, so this together with the load containers 34 and the shape stamp 32 falls on the product. For final compression, a vibration occurs until the position sensors 46 detect a desired product height and that in the guide device 44 arranged brakes are activated and the Auflastrahmen 36 with load container 34 and shape stamp 32 in the then reached height hold.

With activation of the brakes become the vibration drives 26 switched off and the lock is made by extending the lifting piston 30 activated, like that 12 and 13 can be seen.

To release the product according to 14 and 15 remains the Auflastrahmen 36 through the brakes in the guide device 44 braked, so that the load container 34 and thus the forming stamp 32 are fixed in their height. By raising the mold frame 16 the shape stamp acts 32 as an ejector, leaving the mold frame 18 the product 82 releases that on the production pallet 68 remains.

When the mold frame 16 when booting on the Auflastrahmen 36 meets, the brakes in the guide devices 44 solved and the mold frame 16 moves together with the on-load frame 36 , Load container 34 and shape stamp 32 Continue up until the Auflastrahmen 36 according to the

16 and 17 the holding device 38 at the yoke 40 reached and there is latched for attachment.

Finally, the product moves 82 according to the 16 and 17 from the plant 1 out and a new manufacturing pallet 68 becomes a vibration table 10 so that a new production cycle begins.

Claims (18)

Investment ( 1 ) for producing concrete products with - at least one vibrating table ( 10 ) for carrying at least one production pallet ( 14 ), a mold holder for providing a mold frame ( 16 ) for molding the product ( 82 ) on the production pallet ( 14 ) and - at least one vibration drive ( 26 ) for generating a vibration of the vibration table ( 10 ), characterized by bracing means for the vibration-transmitting connection, in particular bracing, of the molding frame ( 16 ) with the vibration table ( 10 ). Investment ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized by decoupling bearings ( 8th ), in particular air cushion bearing, for vibration-decoupling bearing at least the vibration table ( 10 ) to the environment. Investment ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a forming die and / or a Auflastrahmen for a forming die ( 32 ) for closing the mold frame ( 16 ) and / or pressing the product ( 82 ). Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a frame drive ( 20 . 22 ) for moving and / or guiding the mold frame ( 16 ) and / or the form stamp ( 32 ), and / or for clamping the mold frame ( 16 ) and / or the form stamp ( 32 ) with the vibration table ( 10 ). Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a brake for braking the forming punch ( 32 ) and / or a holding device ( 38 ) for holding the forming punch ( 32 ) in a rest position and / or a load container ( 34 ) for changing the mass of the forming punch ( 32 ) is provided. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a filling carriage ( 48 ) for filling concrete in the mold frame ( 16 ). Investment ( 1 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the filling carriage ( 48 ) is approximately funnel-shaped and / or has a failure opening whose dimensions are approximately an opening area of the mold frame ( 16 ) corresponds to the filling of the concrete. Investment ( 1 ) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the filling carriage ( 48 ) has one or more sealing edges for sealing at least one Füllschlittenrandes against at least one mold frame edge and / or against a further surface of the system. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized by at least one carriage drive ( 58 ), in particular hydraulic carriage drive, for moving the filling carriage ( 48 ). Investment ( 1 ) according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that a punch vibration drive for generating a vibration of the forming punch ( 32 ) and / or a punch press drive for generating a pressing pressure on the forming punch ( 32 ) is provided. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a vibration table lock ( 28 . 30 ) for locking the vibrating table ( 10 ) opposite the environment. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a feed device for feeding production pallets ( 14 ). Investment ( 1 ) according to one of claims 3 to 12, characterized by at least one position sensor ( 46 ) for detecting the position of the punch ( 32 ). Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a control for controlling the installation ( 1 ). Process for producing concrete products or similar products, in particular using the plant ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps: - filling one on a production pallet ( 14 ) arranged mold frame ( 16 ) with raw material, in particular concrete, - vibrating a vibration table ( 10 ) with the production pallet ( 14 ) with filled mold frame ( 16 ), and - removing the mold frame ( 16 ) of the product ( 82 ), characterized in that the vibration table ( 10 ) for generating a harmonic vibration when vibrating with the mold frame ( 16 ) is connected vibration transmitting and / or the vibration table ( 10 ) is mounted to the environment substantially vibration decoupling. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the filling by pushing a Füllschlittens ( 48 ) with raw mass in a position above the mold frame ( 16 ) is carried out, wherein the filling carriage ( 48 ) is crowded with raw mass. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the filling carriage ( 48 ) is withdrawn after filling so that the mold frame ( 16 ) exceeding raw mass is thereby stripped off. Method according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized that plastic manufacturing pallets are used.