EP1375098B1 - Method and filling station for closing cores - Google Patents
Method and filling station for closing cores Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1375098B1 EP1375098B1 EP03013232A EP03013232A EP1375098B1 EP 1375098 B1 EP1375098 B1 EP 1375098B1 EP 03013232 A EP03013232 A EP 03013232A EP 03013232 A EP03013232 A EP 03013232A EP 1375098 B1 EP1375098 B1 EP 1375098B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filler
- filling
- hollow block
- cavity
- filling station
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
- B28B11/042—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
- B28B11/042—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material
- B28B11/043—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material filling cavities or chambers of hollow blocks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a filling station for the automatic cavity filling of hollow blocks made of concrete with a filler container, in particular a storage bin, and a transport path for transporting documents, on each of which at least one object to be filled rests.
- the cavities of such hollow blocks are filled with a filler.
- a filler For example, very light mineral substances are used as filling material, which have a granulate-like consistency and are mixed with an adhesive emulsion shortly before filling into the hollow blocks. The filler then cures together with the adhesive emulsion in the cavities of the concrete blocks.
- the filling of cavities in such concrete blocks is sometimes done manually and is then associated with considerable expenditure of time.
- a method for producing a hollow block is known, the cavities are filled in its fresh, not yet fully cured state with a dry or fresh mortar, which optionally contain a lightweight aggregate and / or an air entrainment agent.
- the filling of the fresh hollow block is carried out in a device with a filling box, which is displaceable on a hole table on the hollow blocks, so that the mortar can trickle through the hole table in the hollow blocks.
- a uniform filling of the hollow blocks with mortar vibrators are mounted on a lifting table.
- At least one cavity having a first object, which is according to the invention is a hollow block is fed to a filling station by means of a transport path, the at least one object by means of a relative movement to a Filler container is positioned vertically below the filler container, the filler is filled in at least one cavity of the at least one object with simultaneous shaking of the at least one object and further the at least one filled object from the filling station by means of the transport path is applied, wherein the filler in addition to the shaking during filling into the at least one cavity and subsequently compressed.
- the filler is filled under pressure into the at least one cavity by means of blades of a rotor positioned in the filler container.
- the filler is guided by Einweisschaufeln the rotor both within the filler container in the direction of the cavities, as well as pressurized, so that the filler is compressed in the cavities.
- the filler may be compressed in the at least one cavity by means of a punch or the like.
- the punch is adapted in its geometry to the cavity, so that it can penetrate into these for compacting the filler.
- the stamp can apply a defined pressure to the filler in order to compact it.
- vibration may also be caused by one or more vibrators during the pressing of the punch or the like.
- the filling station can be integrated into already existing production lines with a transport path. It may then be necessary that the at least one article for positioning below the filling container is lifted by a lifting table from the transport path vertically upwards.
- the level of filler in the filler container is monitored by a probe and filled at a drop below a predetermined level. This ensures that in the filler container always a sufficient amount of filler for the filling of cavities is kept in objects.
- the filler container for filling the filler is moved into the at least one cavity by means of a displacement device on the at least one object and is removed after filling of the filler again from the at least one cavity having article, whereby a stamp on the at least one Subject is moved.
- the filling and compression takes place in two successive steps, wherein the respectively required tool - the filler container and the punch - are moved one after the other over the object or objects with the at least one cavity.
- a working cycle lasts in the inventive method between 10 and 60 seconds, in particular between 15 and 30 seconds. At this frequency, a high throughput of objects to be filled and thus an economical use of the method is possible.
- the object underlying the invention is further achieved with a filling station of the type mentioned above in that in the filling station, a compression device for pressurized filling of filler is provided in the at least one cavity.
- the cavities having objects namely hollow blocks or the like., are individually or in groups on documents, for example.
- Underlay palettes by means of the transport path in the working cycle supplied to the filling station.
- the inflow of the filler is facilitated in the cavities of the objects to be filled and at the same time the filler is compacted.
- voids or the like arise due to inadequate filling of the cavities or that the cavities are not completely filled by subsequent sagging of the filler. Rather, the cavities of the objects to be filled, so for example.
- the chambers of a hollow block completely filled up to the top of the article.
- the compacting device is formed by at least one rotor arranged in the filler container with guide vanes attached to support arms which convey the filler towards the at least one cavity.
- the filler is thereby filled under pressure into the cavities, for example. Chambers of a hollow block, and compacted in this.
- a particularly advantageous construction of the filling station according to the invention provides that vertically above the transport track a die plate is detachably arranged, which has openings with a cavity of the at least one object to be filled corresponding hole distribution, and that through each opening of the die plate and / or spacer plates a channel is formed, whose cross section corresponds to that of the associated cavity.
- a channel is formed, whose cross section corresponds to that of the associated cavity.
- the die plate can be made of metal, plastic or another suitable material. To change the thickness of the die plate and thus the capacity of the channels, the die plate can be exchangeably received in the filling station or be formed by a plurality of plates as spacer plates.
- the compacting device may have a stamp with projections in a distribution corresponding to the cavities of the at least one object to be filled.
- the projections of the punch can be lowered with defined pressure into the channels of the die plate in order to press the filler received therein into the cavities.
- the punch is coupled to a lifting and lowering device for generating a static or adjustable Auflast horres on the filler in the cavities.
- a lifting and lowering device may, for example, be a hydraulic or pneumatic piston arrangement or a linear drive.
- the filling station of the transport path is associated with a lifting table on which the pad with the at least one object of the transport path can be raised and positioned vertically below the filler container. The objects are pressed from below against the die plate.
- the filling station can be integrated in this way in existing production lines with a transport path by the filler container is arranged above the transport path and in the working cycle a pad with one or more objects to be filled by the lifting table is brought to the filler.
- the filler can be filled more uniformly into the cavities.
- the combination of the lifting table with the at least one vibrator ensures that a uniform distribution of the filler occurs not only during the filling process but also during the compression of the filler in the cavities.
- the filler container is associated with a probe for measuring the level of filler in the filler container.
- the level in the filler container can be monitored and new filler can be fed discontinuously if necessary.
- the filling is ensured that not too much filler is kept in the filler, so that the adhesive emulsion is not already cured in the filler, on the other hand, however, always sufficient filler for filling the cavities is kept in the filler.
- the filling and compression of the filler may be cyclically performed in two steps, when the filler container between a filling position vertically above the die plate and a closed position in a direction transverse to the transport direction of the transport path is displaceable.
- the filler container In its closed position, the filler container is closed by a metal sheet on its underside, on which it rests.
- a stamp By moving the filler container in the filling position whose underside is opened by the openings in the die plate, so that the filler can enter into the cavities.
- a stamp can compress the filler defined.
- a filling station 1 for filling cavities 2 in articles 3 is shown.
- the filling station 1 is vertically above a in Fig. 1 arranged perpendicular to the plane of transport path 4, on which successively underlay palettes 5, on which the objects to be filled 3 are arranged, are conveyed.
- the transport path 4 can be part of a production line for producing the objects to be filled, that is, for example, an assembly line for hollow blocks.
- a lifting table 6 with at least one integrated vibrator 7 is positioned vertically below the base 5.
- a filler container 8 in the form of a storage bunker for receiving filler 9 is arranged in the filling station 1.
- the Grestoff matterer 8 is a laterally closed and closed top, but open at the bottom box on rails 10 transverse to the transport direction of the transport path 4 between a closed position and one in the FIGS. 1 to 3 shown filling position is movable.
- the filler tank 8 In its closed position, the filler tank 8 is in Fig. 1 moved to the left over a stationary closure plate 11, so that the open bottom of the filler container 8 is sealed by the closure plate 11.
- Fig. 1 is schematically shown a drive 12 for moving the filler container 8 between its closed position and the filling position.
- a die plate 13 made of metal, plastic or the like. Soluble in the filling station 1.
- the die plate 13 has, in accordance with the cross-sectional shape and the number of cavities 2 in the objects to be filled 3 openings 14.
- the die plate 13 has such a great height that the openings 14 form channels therein, which open into the cavities 2 in the objects 3 to be filled.
- the guide vanes 16 thereby convey the filler 9 in the direction of the die plate 13 and press it through the openings 14 into the cavities 2.
- the embodiment according to Fig. 3 differs from the described filling station 1 in that in the filler container 8, two rotors 15 are arranged. This allows the guide vanes 16 to sweep a larger area without increasing the width of the filler tank 8. The filler 9 can thus be pressed better into the channels of the die plate 13.
- a punch 18 On the in the FIGS. 1 to 3 right side of a punch 18 is shown schematically, which has a plurality of projections 19 having a cavity 2 and the openings 14 of the die plate 13 corresponding distribution.
- a lifting and lowering device 20 By means of a lifting and lowering device 20, the projections 19 with defined Pressure lowered or raised again.
- the punch 18 is displaceable together with the lifting and lowering device 20 in a plane above the die plate 13, so that the projections 19 can be inserted into the channels of the die plate 13 when the filler container 8 is moved to its closed position.
- the filler container 8 By the drive 12 is now the filler container 8, in the horizontal direction in his in the FIGS. 1 to 3 moved shown filling position.
- the filler 9 held in the filler container 8 for example a mixture of a light, granular mineral substance with an adhesive emulsion, enters the cavities 2 of the articles 3 to be filled through the openings 14 of the die plate 13.
- the rotor 15 generates with the Einweisschaufeln 16 a pressure that presses the filler 9 in the cavities 2.
- the pad 5 By the vibrator 7, the pad 5 is set with the objects 3 arranged thereon in vibration, so that the filling of the filler 9 is facilitated in the cavities 2 and the filler 9 is simultaneously pre-compressed in the cavities 2.
- the filler container 8 is moved back by the drive 12 in the horizontal direction in its closed position.
- the punch 18 is moved over the die plate 13 and pressed the projections 19 by means of the lifting and lowering device in the channels formed by the openings 14, wherein also the at least one vibrator 7 can be actuated.
- the filler 9 is compressed in the cavities 2 defined by the additional amount of filler from the channels.
- the lifting table 6 now lowers the base 5 with the filled objects 3 placed thereon back onto the transport path 4, by means of which the base 5 with the filled objects 3 is discharged from the filling station 1, while at the same time a new base 5 with objects 3 to be filled is introduced into the filling station 1.
- the consistency of the filler 9 in the filler container 8 is kept uniform by means of the rotor 15.
- the drop in the filler level in the filler container 8 is detected when the probe 17 drops below a presettable level, and fresh filler 9 can be supplied to the filler container 8.
- the filler 9 can be introduced evenly and in a particularly short time in the cavities 2 of the objects to be filled 3, since the vibration of the at least one vibrator 7 and the pressure generated by the rotor 15 facilitates the filling of the cavities 2 with filler 9 .
- a working cycle may, for example, take between 10 and 60 seconds, in particular between 15 and 30 seconds.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren sowie eine Füllstation zum automatischen Hohlraumausfüllen von Hohlblocksteinen aus Beton mit einem Füllstoffbehälter, insbesondere einem Vorratsbunker, und einer Transportbahn zur Beförderung von Unterlagen, auf denen jeweils wenigstens ein zu befüllender Gegenstand aufliegt.The present invention relates to a method and a filling station for the automatic cavity filling of hollow blocks made of concrete with a filler container, in particular a storage bin, and a transport path for transporting documents, on each of which at least one object to be filled rests.
Um den Wärmedämmwert von bspw. hohlen Betonbausteinen zu erhöhen, werden die Hohlräume derartiger Hohlblocksteine mit einem Füllmaterial ausgefüllt. Als Füllmaterial kommen bspw. sehr leichte mineralische Stoffe zum Einsatz, die eine granulatartige Konsistenz haben und kurz vor dem Einfüllen in die Hohlblocksteine mit einer Klebeemulsion vermischt werden. Der Füllstoff härtet dann zusammen mit der Klebeemulsion in den Hohlräumen der Betonsteine aus.In order to increase the thermal insulation value of, for example, hollow concrete building blocks, the cavities of such hollow blocks are filled with a filler. For example, very light mineral substances are used as filling material, which have a granulate-like consistency and are mixed with an adhesive emulsion shortly before filling into the hollow blocks. The filler then cures together with the adhesive emulsion in the cavities of the concrete blocks.
Das Ausfüllen von Hohlräumen in derartigen Betonformsteinen erfolgt teilweise manuell und ist dann mit erheblichem Zeitaufwand verbunden. Aus der gattungsbildenden
Mit dieser bekannten Vorrichtung ist eine gezielte Verdichtung des Füllstoffs in den Kammern der Hohlblocksteine nicht möglich, so dass sich Lufteinschlüsse in den Kammern bilden können. Zudem kann der Füllstoff in den Kammern während des Aushärtens weiter absacken, so dass die Hohlblocksteine nicht vollständig gefüllt sind.With this known device, a targeted compression of the filler in the chambers of the hollow blocks is not possible, so that air pockets can form in the chambers. In addition, the filler may continue to sag in the chambers during curing, so that the hollow blocks are not completely filled.
In der
Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren sowie eine Füllstation der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, um Füllstoff gleichmäßig und in kurzer Zeit mit einem definierten Verdichtungsgrad in Hohlräume von Hohlblocksteinen einzubringen.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method and a filling station of the type mentioned in order to introduce filler uniformly and in a short time with a defined degree of compaction in cavities of hollow blocks.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 gelöst, nach dem zunächst wenigstens ein einen Hohlraum aufweisender Gegenstand, bei dem es sich erfindungsgemäß um einen Hohlblockstein handelt, zu einer Füllstation mittels einer Transportbahn zugeführt wird, der wenigstens eine Gegenstand mittels einer Relativbewegung zu einem Füllstoffbehälter vertikal unterhalb des Füllstoffbehälters positioniert wird, der Füllstoff in wenigstens einen Hohlraum des wenigstens einen Gegenstandes unter gleichzeitigem Rütteln des wenigstens einen Gegenstandes eingefüllt wird und weiter der wenigstens eine befüllte Gegenstand aus der Füllstation mittels der Transportbahn ausgebracht wird, wobei der Füllstoff zusätzlich zu dem Rütteln während des Einfüllens in den wenigstens einen Hohlraum und daran anschließend verdichtet wird.This object is achieved by a method according to
Mit diesem Verfahren ist es möglich, einen oder mehrere Gegenstände, die Hohlräume aufweisen, wie bspw. Hohlblocksteine oder dgl., weitgehend automatisiert in einer Füllstation zu befüllen und den Füllstoff zu verdichten. Durch das Ein- und Ausbringen der zu befüllenden Gegenstände mittels der Transportbahn kann die Beförderung der zu befüllenden Gegenstände auf den Füllvorgang abgestimmt durchgeführt werden. Durch das Rütteln der die Hohlräume aufweisenden Gegenstände während des Befüllvorganges wird das Einfüllen und Nachfließen des Füllstoffs erleichtert. Das gleichzeitige oder anschließende Verdichten des Füllstoffs in den Hohlräumen stellt sicher, dass die Hohlräume in den Gegenständen rasch und vollständig ausgefüllt werden. Größere Lufteinschlüsse oder nachträgliches Absacken des Füllstoffs können so vermieden werden und der Gegenstand wird bis zu seiner Oberkante vollständig gefüllt.With this method, it is possible to fill one or more objects that have cavities, such as hollow blocks or the like, largely automated in a filling station and to compact the filler. By introducing and discharging the objects to be filled by means of the transport path, the transport of the objects to be filled can be carried out in a coordinated manner to the filling process. By shaking the objects having the cavities during the filling process, the filling and subsequent flow of the filler is facilitated. The simultaneous or subsequent Compacting the filler in the cavities ensures that the cavities in the articles are filled quickly and completely. Larger air pockets or subsequent sagging of the filler can be avoided and the object is completely filled up to its upper edge.
Vorzugsweise wird der Füllstoff mittels Schaufeln eines in dem Füllstoffbehälter positionierten Rotors unter Druck in den wenigstens einen Hohlraum eingefüllt. Der Füllstoff wird dabei durch Einweisschaufeln des Rotors sowohl innerhalb des Füllstoffbehälters in Richtung auf die Hohlräume geleitet, als auch mit Druck beaufschlagt, so dass der Füllstoff in den Hohlräumen verdichtet wird.Preferably, the filler is filled under pressure into the at least one cavity by means of blades of a rotor positioned in the filler container. The filler is guided by Einweisschaufeln the rotor both within the filler container in the direction of the cavities, as well as pressurized, so that the filler is compressed in the cavities.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich hierzu kann der Füllstoff in dem wenigstens einen Hohlraum mittels eines Stempels oder dgl. komprimiert werden. Der Stempel ist dabei in seiner Geometrie an den Hohlraum angepasst, so dass er in diesen zum Verdichten des Füllstoffs eindringen kann. Mittels einer bspw. pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Hub- und Senkeinrichtung kann der Stempel einen definierten Druck auf den Füllstoff aufbringen, um diesen zu verdichten. Zusätzlich zu der Vorvibration während des Einfüllens des Füllstoffs kann auch während des Einpressens des Stempels oder dgl. eine Vibration durch einen oder mehrere Rüttler erfolgen.Alternatively or additionally, the filler may be compressed in the at least one cavity by means of a punch or the like. The punch is adapted in its geometry to the cavity, so that it can penetrate into these for compacting the filler. By means of, for example, a pneumatic or hydraulic lifting and lowering device, the stamp can apply a defined pressure to the filler in order to compact it. In addition to the pre-vibration during filling of the filler, vibration may also be caused by one or more vibrators during the pressing of the punch or the like.
In Weiterbildung des Erfindungsgedankens ist es vorgesehen, dass in einem Arbeitstakt mehrere Hohlräume aufweisende Gegenstände gleichzeitig befüllt werden. Dies bringt den Vorteil mit sich, dass das Verfahren mit höherem Durchsatz und daher gesteigerter Wirtschaftlichkeit durchführbar ist.In a further development of the concept of the invention, it is provided that objects having a plurality of cavities are filled simultaneously in one working cycle. This has the advantage that the process is feasible with higher throughput and therefore increased economy.
Wenn die Transportbahn in vertikaler Richtung von dem Füllstoffbehälter beabstandet ist, lässt sich die Füllstation in bereits vorhandene Produktionslinien mit einer Transportbahn integrieren. Es kann dann erforderlich sein, dass der wenigstens eine Gegenstand zum Positionieren unterhalb des Füllbehälters mittels eines Hubtisches von der Transportbahn vertikal nach oben angehoben wird.If the transport path is spaced in the vertical direction from the filler container, the filling station can be integrated into already existing production lines with a transport path. It may then be necessary that the at least one article for positioning below the filling container is lifted by a lifting table from the transport path vertically upwards.
Es hat sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, dass das Niveau des Füllstoffs in dem Füllstoffbehälter durch eine Sonde überwacht und bei Absinken unter ein vorbestimmtes Niveau aufgefüllt wird. So ist sichergestellt, dass in dem Füllstoffbehälter stets eine ausreichende Menge Füllstoff für das Befüllen von Hohlräumen in Gegenständen vorgehalten wird.It has been found to be advantageous that the level of filler in the filler container is monitored by a probe and filled at a drop below a predetermined level. This ensures that in the filler container always a sufficient amount of filler for the filling of cavities is kept in objects.
Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird der Füllstoffbehälter zum Einfüllen des Füllstoffs in den wenigstens einen Hohlraum mittels einer Verschiebeeinrichtung über den wenigstens einen Gegenstand verfahren und wird nach dem Einfüllen des Füllstoffs wieder von dem wenigstens einen Hohlraum aufweisenden Gegenstand entfernt, wodurch ein Stempel über den wenigstens einen Gegenstand verfahren wird. Das Befüllen und Verdichten erfolgt dabei in zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Schritten, wobei das jeweils erforderliche Werkzeug - der Füllstoffbehälter und der Stempel - nacheinander über den oder die Gegenstände mit dem wenigstens einen Hohlraum verfahren werden.According to one embodiment of the invention, the filler container for filling the filler is moved into the at least one cavity by means of a displacement device on the at least one object and is removed after filling of the filler again from the at least one cavity having article, whereby a stamp on the at least one Subject is moved. The filling and compression takes place in two successive steps, wherein the respectively required tool - the filler container and the punch - are moved one after the other over the object or objects with the at least one cavity.
Ein Arbeitstakt dauert bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zwischen 10 und 60 Sekunden, insbesondere zwischen 15 und 30 Sekunden. Bei dieser Frequenz ist ein hoher Durchsatz von zu befüllenden Gegenständen und damit ein wirtschaftlicher Einsatz des Verfahrens möglich.A working cycle lasts in the inventive method between 10 and 60 seconds, in particular between 15 and 30 seconds. At this frequency, a high throughput of objects to be filled and thus an economical use of the method is possible.
Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe wird weiter mit einer Füllstation der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass in der Füllstation eine Verdichtungsvorrichtung zum druckbeaufschlagten Einfüllen von Füllstoff in den wenigstens einen Hohlraum vorgesehen ist. Die Hohlräume aufweisenden Gegenstände, nämlich Hohlblocksteine oder dgl., werden einzeln oder in Gruppen auf Unterlagen, bspw. Unterlagspaletten, mittels der Transportbahn im Arbeitstakt der Füllstation zugeführt. Durch das Einfüllen des Füllstoffs unter Druck wird das Einfließen des Füllstoffes in die Hohlräume der zu befüllenden Gegenstände erleichtert und gleichzeitig wird der Füllstoff verdichtet. Auf diese Weise lässt sich vermeiden, dass durch eine unzureichende Befüllung der Hohlräume Lunker oder dgl. entstehen oder die Hohlräume durch nachträgliches Absacken des Füllstoffes nicht vollständig ausgefüllt sind. Vielmehr werden die Hohlräume der zu befüllenden Gegenstände, also bspw. die Kammern eines Hohlblocksteins, bis zur Oberkante des Gegenstands vollständig befüllt.The object underlying the invention is further achieved with a filling station of the type mentioned above in that in the filling station, a compression device for pressurized filling of filler is provided in the at least one cavity. The cavities having objects, namely hollow blocks or the like., Are individually or in groups on documents, for example. Underlay palettes, by means of the transport path in the working cycle supplied to the filling station. By filling the filler under pressure, the inflow of the filler is facilitated in the cavities of the objects to be filled and at the same time the filler is compacted. In this way, it can be avoided that voids or the like arise due to inadequate filling of the cavities or that the cavities are not completely filled by subsequent sagging of the filler. Rather, the cavities of the objects to be filled, so for example. The chambers of a hollow block, completely filled up to the top of the article.
Die Verdichtungsvorrichtung ist erfindungsgemäß nach Anspruch 9 durch wenigstens einen in dem Füllstoffbehälter angeordneten Rotor mit an Tragarmen befestigten Einweisschaufeln gebildet, welche den Füllstoff in Richtung zu dem wenigstens einen Hohlraum fördern. Der Füllstoff wird dabei unter Druck in die Hohlräume, bspw. Kammern eines Hohlblocksteins, eingefüllt und in diesen verdichtet.According to the invention, according to
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Bauweise der erfindungsgemäßen Füllstation sieht vor, dass vertikal oberhalb der Transportbahn ein Matrizenblech lösbar angeordnet ist, welches Öffnungen mit einer den Hohlräumen des wenigstens einen zu befüllenden Gegenstands entsprechenden Lochverteilung aufweist, und dass durch jede Öffnung des Matrizenblechs und/oder Abstandsbleche ein Kanal gebildet wird, dessen Querschnitt dem des zugeordneten Hohlraums entspricht. In diesem Kanal wird zusätzlich zu dem infolge der Schwerkraft in den Hohlraum eindringenden Füllstoff eine weitere Schicht Füllstoff aufgenommen, die in den Hohlraum nachsacken kann. Durch diese zusätzliche Füllstoffmenge kann folglich die Höhenreduzierung des Füllstoffs während des Verdichtungsvorgangs ausgeglichen werden. Das Matrizenblech kann dabei aus Metall, Kunststoff oder einem anderen geeigneten Material bestehen. Zur Veränderung der Dicke des Matrizenblechs und damit der Füllmenge der Kanäle kann das Matrizenblech austauschbar in der Füllstation aufgenommen sein oder durch mehrere Platten als Abstandsbleche gebildet sein.A particularly advantageous construction of the filling station according to the invention provides that vertically above the transport track a die plate is detachably arranged, which has openings with a cavity of the at least one object to be filled corresponding hole distribution, and that through each opening of the die plate and / or spacer plates a channel is formed, whose cross section corresponds to that of the associated cavity. In this channel, in addition to the penetrating as a result of gravity into the cavity filler another layer of filler is added, which can nachsacken into the cavity. As a result of this additional amount of filler, the height reduction of the filler during the compression process can be compensated. The die plate can be made of metal, plastic or another suitable material. To change the thickness of the die plate and thus the capacity of the channels, the die plate can be exchangeably received in the filling station or be formed by a plurality of plates as spacer plates.
Dabei kann die Verdichtungsvorrichtung einen Stempel mit Vorsprüngen in einer den Hohlräumen des wenigstens einen zu befüllenden Gegenstands entsprechenden Verteilung aufweisen. Die Vorsprünge des Stempels lassen sich mit definiertem Druck in die Kanäle des Matrizenblechs absenken, um den darin aufgenommenen Füllstoff in die Hohlräume zu pressen.In this case, the compacting device may have a stamp with projections in a distribution corresponding to the cavities of the at least one object to be filled. The projections of the punch can be lowered with defined pressure into the channels of the die plate in order to press the filler received therein into the cavities.
Vorzugsweise ist der Stempel mit einer Hub- und Senkeinrichtung zur Erzeugung eines statischen oder verstellbaren Auflastdruckes auf den Füllstoff in den Hohlräumen gekoppelt. Eine derartige Hub- und Senkeinrichtung kann bspw. eine hydraulische oder pneumatische Kolbenanordnung oder ein Linearantrieb sein.Preferably, the punch is coupled to a lifting and lowering device for generating a static or adjustable Auflastdruckes on the filler in the cavities. Such a lifting and lowering device may, for example, be a hydraulic or pneumatic piston arrangement or a linear drive.
Nach einer Ausführungsform der Füllstation ist der Transportbahn ein Hubtisch zugeordnet, auf dem die Unterlage mit dem wenigstens einen Gegenstand von der Transportbahn anhebbar und vertikal unter dem Füllstoffbehälter positionierbar ist. Dabei werden die Gegenstände von unten gegen das Matrizenblech angedrückt. Die Füllstation lässt sich auf diese Weise in bestehende Fertigungslinien mit einer Transportbahn integrieren, indem der Füllstoffbehälter oberhalb der Transportbahn angeordnet wird und im Arbeitstakt jeweils eine Unterlage mit einem oder mehreren zu befüllenden Gegenständen durch den Hubtisch an den Füllstoffbehälter herangeführt wird.According to one embodiment of the filling station of the transport path is associated with a lifting table on which the pad with the at least one object of the transport path can be raised and positioned vertically below the filler container. The objects are pressed from below against the die plate. The filling station can be integrated in this way in existing production lines with a transport path by the filler container is arranged above the transport path and in the working cycle a pad with one or more objects to be filled by the lifting table is brought to the filler.
Wenn zusätzlich wenigstens ein Rüttler in den Hubtisch integriert ist, lässt sich der Füllstoff gleichmäßiger in die Hohlräume einfüllen. Durch die Kombination des Hubtisches mit dem wenigstens einen Rüttler wird sichergestellt, dass nicht nur während des Befüllvorganges, sondern auch während der Verdichtung des Füllstoffs in den Hohlräumen eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Füllstoffs eintritt.In addition, if at least one vibrator is integrated into the lifting table, the filler can be filled more uniformly into the cavities. The combination of the lifting table with the at least one vibrator ensures that a uniform distribution of the filler occurs not only during the filling process but also during the compression of the filler in the cavities.
Vorzugsweise ist dem Füllstoffbehälter eine Sonde zum Messen des Niveaus des Füllstoffes in dem Füllstoffbehälter zugeordnet. Auf diese Weise kann der Füllstand in dem Füllstoffbehälter überwacht werden und neuer Füllstoff bei Bedarf diskontinuierlich zugeführt werden. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Füllstation wird sichergestellt, dass nicht zu viel Füllstoff in dem Füllstoffbehälter vorgehalten wird, so dass die Klebeemulsion nicht schon in dem Füllstoffbehälter aushärtet, andererseits jedoch stets genügend Füllstoff zum Befüllen der Hohlräume in dem Füllstoffbehälter vorgehalten wird.Preferably, the filler container is associated with a probe for measuring the level of filler in the filler container. In this way, the level in the filler container can be monitored and new filler can be fed discontinuously if necessary. In this embodiment, the filling is ensured that not too much filler is kept in the filler, so that the adhesive emulsion is not already cured in the filler, on the other hand, however, always sufficient filler for filling the cavities is kept in the filler.
Das Einfüllen und Verdichten des Füllstoffs kann taktweise in zwei Schritten erfolgen, wenn der Füllstoffbehälter zwischen einer Befüllposition vertikal oberhalb des Matrizenblechs und einer geschlossenen Position in einer Richtung quer zu der Transportrichtung der Transportbahn verschiebbar ist. In seiner geschlossenen Position ist der Füllstoffbehälter dabei durch ein Blech an seiner Unterseite verschlossen, auf dem er aufliegt. Durch das Verschieben des Füllstoffbehälters in die Befüllposition wird dessen Unterseite durch die Öffnungen in dem Matrizenblech geöffnet, so dass der Füllstoff in die Hohlräume eintreten kann. In der geschlossenen Position des Füllstoffbehälters kann dann bspw. ein Stempel den Füllstoff definiert verdichten.The filling and compression of the filler may be cyclically performed in two steps, when the filler container between a filling position vertically above the die plate and a closed position in a direction transverse to the transport direction of the transport path is displaceable. In its closed position, the filler container is closed by a metal sheet on its underside, on which it rests. By moving the filler container in the filling position whose underside is opened by the openings in the die plate, so that the filler can enter into the cavities. In the closed position of the filler container then, for example, a stamp can compress the filler defined.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawing.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Füllstation,
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf die Füllstation nach
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 3
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Füllstation nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform und
- Fig. 4
- in perspektivischer Ansicht einen befüllten Gegenstand.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic side view of the filling station according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a plan view of the filling station after
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 3
- a plan view of a filling station according to another embodiment and
- Fig. 4
- in perspective view a filled object.
In
Die Füllstation 1 ist vertikal oberhalb einer in
Der Füllstoffbehälter 8 ist ein seitlich und oben geschlossener, aber unten offener Kasten, der auf Schienen 10 quer zu der Transportrichtung der Transportbahn 4 zwischen einer geschlossenen Position und einer in den
In einer Ebene mit dem Verschlussblech 11 ist an dieses anschließend oberhalb der Transportbahn 4 ein Matrizenblech 13 aus Metall, Kunststoff oder dgl. lösbar in der Füllstation 1 befestigt. Das Matrizenblech 13 weist dabei entsprechend der Querschnittsform und der Anzahl der Hohlräume 2 in den zu befüllenden Gegenständen 3 Öffnungen 14 auf. Das Matrizenblech 13 hat dabei eine so große Höhe, dass die Öffnungen 14 darin Kanäle bilden, welche in die Hohlräume 2 in den zu befüllenden Gegenständen 3 münden.In a plane with the
In dem Füllstoffbehälter 8 ist, wie in
Die Ausführungsform nach
Über eine in
Auf der in den
Im Folgenden wird das Verfahren zum Ausfüllen von Hohlräumen 2 in Gegenständen 3, wie bspw. Hohlblocksteinen aus Beton, erläutert. Nach dem Formen und Aushärten der Gegenstände 3 in einer nicht dargestellten Fertigungsstraße werden diese einzeln oder, wie in
Durch den Antrieb 12 wird nun der Füllstoffbehälter 8, in horizontaler Richtung in seine in den
Nachdem die Hohlräume 2 in den zu befüllenden Gegenständen 3 sowie die Kanäle in dem Matrizenblech 13 vollständig mit Füllstoff 9 ausgefüllt sind, wird der Füllstoffbehälter 8 durch dessen Antrieb 12 in horizontaler Richtung in seine geschlossene Position zurückbewegt. Gleichzeitig wird der Stempel 18 über das Matrizenblech 13 verfahren und die Vorsprünge 19 mittels der Hub- und Senkeinrichtung in die durch die Öffnungen 14 gebildeten Kanäle gepresst, wobei auch der wenigstens eine Rüttler 7 betätigt werden kann. Dadurch wird der Füllstoff 9 in den Hohlräumen 2 durch die zusätzliche Füllstoffmenge aus den Kanälen definiert verdichtet. Über eine Variation der Dicke des Matrizenblechs 13 lässt sich so der Verdichtungsgrad regulieren.After the
Der Hubtisch 6 senkt nun die Unterlage 5 mit den darauf angeordneten befüllten Gegenständen 3 wieder auf die Transportbahn 4 ab, mittels der die Unterlage 5 mit den befüllten Gegenständen 3 aus der Befüllstation 1 ausgetragen wird, während gleichzeitig eine neue Unterlage 5 mit zu befüllenden Gegenständen 3 in die Füllstation 1 eingebracht wird.The lifting table 6 now lowers the
Die Konsistenz des Füllstoffes 9 in dem Füllstoffbehälter 8 wird dabei mittels des Rotors 15 gleichmäßig gehalten. Das Absinken des Füllstoffniveaus in dem Füllstoffbehälter 8, wird bei Unterschreiten eines voreinstellbaren Niveaus durch die Sonde 17 erfasst und dem Füllstoffbehälter 8 kann frischer Füllstoff 9 zugeführt werden.The consistency of the
Nach diesem Verfahren kann der Füllstoff 9 gleichmäßig und in besonders kurzer Zeit in die Hohlräume 2 der zu befüllenden Gegenstände 3 eingebracht werden, da die Vibration des wenigstens einen Rüttlers 7 sowie der durch den Rotor 15 erzeugte Druck das Ausfüllen der Hohlräume 2 mit Füllstoff 9 erleichtert. In Abhängigkeit der Viskosität des Füllstoffes 9 und der Größe der Hohlräume 2 in den zu befüllenden Gegenständen 3 kann ein Arbeitstakt bspw. zwischen 10 und 60 Sekunden, insbesondere zwischen 15 und 30 Sekunden, dauern.According to this method, the
- 11
- Füllstationfilling station
- 22
- Hohlraumcavity
- 33
- zu befüllender Gegenstandto be filled
- 44
- Transportbahntransport path
- 55
- Unterlagedocument
- 66
- HubtischLift table
- 77
- RüttlerJogger
- 88th
- FüllstoffbehälterFüllstoffbehälter
- 99
- Füllstofffiller
- 1010
- Schienerail
- 1111
- VerschlussblechSealing sheet
- 1212
- Antriebdrive
- 1313
- MatrizenblechMatrizenblech
- 1414
- Öffnung/KanalOpening / channel
- 1515
- Rotorrotor
- 1616
- EinweisschaufelEinweisschaufel
- 1717
- Sondeprobe
- 1818
- Stempelstamp
- 1919
- Vorsprunghead Start
- 2020
- Hub- und SenkeinrichtungLifting and lowering device
Claims (16)
- A method for automatically filling the cavities of hollow concrete blocks with a filler, comprising the following steps:a) supplying at least one hollow block (3) having a cavity (2) to a filling station (1) by means of a conveyor belt (4),b) positioning the at least one hollow block (3) vertically beneath a filler reservoir (8) by means of a relative movement of the at least one hollow block (3) and of the filler reservoir (8) towards each other,c) filling the filler (9) into at least one cavity (2) of the at least one hollow block (3) whilst simultaneously vibrating the at least one hollow block (3) andd) taking the at least one filled hollow block (3) out of the filling station (1) by means of the conveyor belt (4),characterised in that in addition to the vibration, the filler (9) is compressed while it is being charged into the at least one cavity (2) and subsequently by the application of pressure.
- A method according to Claim 1,
characterised in that the filler (9) is filled under pressure into the at least one cavity (2) by means of blades (16) of a rotor (15) positioned in the filler reservoir (8). - A method according to one of Claims 1 or 2,
characterised in that the filler (9) is compressed in the at least one cavity (2) by means of a die (18) or the like, possibly at the same time as being vibrated. - A method according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that hollow blocks (3) having several cavities (2) are simultaneously filled in one work cycle. - A method according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that the at least one hollow block (3) is raised vertically upwards from the conveyor belt (4) by means of a lifting table (6) in order to be positioned under the filler reservoir (8). - A method according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that the level of the filler (9) in the filler reservoir (8) is monitored by a sensor (17) and is filled up when it drops beneath a predetermined level. - A method according to one of Claims 3 to 6,
characterised in that the filler reservoir (8) for filling the filler (9) into the at least one cavity (2) is moved by means of a displacement device (10, 12) over the at least one hollow block (3) and after the filler (9) has been charged it is removed again from the hollow block (3) comprising at least one cavity (2), as a result of which a die (18) is moved over the at least one hollow block (3). - A method according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that each work cycle lasts between 10 and 60 seconds, in particular between 15 and 30 seconds. - A filling station for automatically filling the cavities of hollow concrete blocks according to a method according to one of the preceding Claims, having a filler reservoir (8), in particular a storage bin, and a conveyor belt (4) for transporting supports (5) on which in each case at least one hollow block (3) lies, and having a compression device (15, 16; 18, 19, 20) for filling filler (9) into the at least one cavity (2) under pressure,
characterised in that the compression device comprises at least one rotor (15) disposed in the filler reservoir (8) and with blades (16) fixed to at least one bracket, which convey the filler (9) towards the at least one cavity (2). - A filling station according to Claim 9,
characterised in that vertically above the conveyor belt (4) there is disposed a detachable die plate (13), which comprises openings (14) with a hole distribution corresponding to the cavities (2) of the at least one hollow block (3) to be filled,
and in that a channel, the cross section of which corresponds to that of the associated cavity (2), is formed by each opening (14) of the die plate (13) and/or spacer plates. - A filling station according to one of Claims 9 or 10,
characterised in that the compression device comprises a die (18) with projections (19) in a distribution that corresponds to the at least one hollow block (3) to be filled. - A filling station according to Claim 11,
characterised in that the die (18) is coupled with a raising and lowering device (20) to produce a static or adjustable additional load on the filler (9) in the cavities (2). - A filling station according to one of Claims 9 to 12,
characterised in that the conveyor belt (4) is associated with a lifting table (6), on which the support (5) with the at least one hollow block (3) can be raised from the conveyor belt (4) and can be positioned vertically beneath the filler reservoir (8). - A filling station according to Claim 13,
characterised in that at least one vibrator (7) is integrated into the lifting table (6). - A filling station according to one of Claims 9 to 14,
characterised in that a sensor (17) for measuring the level of the filler (9) in the filler reservoir (8) is associated with the filler reservoir (8). - A filling station according to one of Claims 10 to 15,
characterised in that the filler reservoir (8) is displaceable between a filling position vertically above the die plate (13) and a closed position in a direction at right angles to the direction of transport of the conveyor belt (4).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10227504 | 2002-06-19 | ||
DE10227504A DE10227504B4 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2002-06-19 | Method and filling station for filling cavities |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1375098A2 EP1375098A2 (en) | 2004-01-02 |
EP1375098A3 EP1375098A3 (en) | 2005-05-11 |
EP1375098B1 true EP1375098B1 (en) | 2008-08-13 |
Family
ID=29716564
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03013232A Expired - Lifetime EP1375098B1 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2003-06-12 | Method and filling station for closing cores |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1375098B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE404338T1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ298380B6 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10227504B4 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2274713C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004027920B4 (en) * | 2004-06-09 | 2006-05-24 | Schlosser-Pfeiffer Gmbh | Plant for filling hollow blocks with thermal insulation has the filler components supplied from dry silos and premixed before final mixing with water and injecting into the blocks on a conveyor feed |
RU2465415C1 (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2012-10-27 | Александр Михайлович Балаев | Wall unit (versions), material for manufacturing of wall units, mould to manufacture wall units (versions), method to make wall units and flow line to manufacture wall units |
WO2015007450A1 (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-22 | Evonik Industries Ag | Method for filling cavities in hollow bricks with a thermal insulation material mixture containing a hydrophobing agent |
CN105666642B (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2019-02-12 | 长江航运发展研究中心 | A kind of dry concrete specimen molding machine equipment |
CN111702938A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 吴秋敏 | Manufacturing and processing technology of concrete perforated brick |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2940188C2 (en) * | 1979-10-04 | 1982-07-15 | Hans Kramer GmbH & Co KG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Method for lining the interior of hollow fittings, in particular for chimneys or the like, with a thermal insulation layer |
DE3171390D1 (en) * | 1980-07-25 | 1985-08-22 | Adams Engelbert Ing | Method and apparatus for making a heat-insulated hollow block |
DE3122087C2 (en) * | 1980-07-25 | 1985-10-17 | Engelbert 5470 Andernach Adams | Method and device for the production of a thermally insulating hollow block |
DE3037409A1 (en) * | 1980-10-03 | 1982-05-19 | Dr. Carl Riffer Baustoffwerke KG, 5403 Mülheim-Klärlich | HOLLOW BLOCKSTONE WITH INTEGRATED HEAT INSULATION, MEANS FOR FILLING AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
-
2002
- 2002-06-19 DE DE10227504A patent/DE10227504B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-11-08 CZ CZ20023689A patent/CZ298380B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-06-12 AT AT03013232T patent/ATE404338T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-12 EP EP03013232A patent/EP1375098B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-12 DE DE50310303T patent/DE50310303D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-18 RU RU2003117899/03A patent/RU2274713C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2274713C2 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
DE10227504A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
CZ20023689A3 (en) | 2004-06-16 |
EP1375098A2 (en) | 2004-01-02 |
ATE404338T1 (en) | 2008-08-15 |
DE50310303D1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
DE10227504B4 (en) | 2006-12-14 |
CZ298380B6 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
RU2003117899A (en) | 2005-02-27 |
EP1375098A3 (en) | 2005-05-11 |
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