WO2009121769A1 - Process for pre-tanning and tanning skins with organic tanning agent - Google Patents

Process for pre-tanning and tanning skins with organic tanning agent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009121769A1
WO2009121769A1 PCT/EP2009/053502 EP2009053502W WO2009121769A1 WO 2009121769 A1 WO2009121769 A1 WO 2009121769A1 EP 2009053502 W EP2009053502 W EP 2009053502W WO 2009121769 A1 WO2009121769 A1 WO 2009121769A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tanning
skins
agent
treated
stabilising
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/053502
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gareth Collins
Chris Jones
Kelvin Pritchard
Original Assignee
Rhodia Operations
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rhodia Operations filed Critical Rhodia Operations
Priority to CN200980114671.8A priority Critical patent/CN102016078B/zh
Priority to AU2009231404A priority patent/AU2009231404B2/en
Priority to EP09727033A priority patent/EP2260115A1/en
Publication of WO2009121769A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009121769A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
    • C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
    • C14C3/08—Chemical tanning by organic agents
    • C14C3/18—Chemical tanning by organic agents using polycondensation products or precursors thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
    • C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
    • C14C3/08—Chemical tanning by organic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
    • C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
    • C14C3/28—Multi-step processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods of tanning, in particular methods of pre-tanning and tanning that do not require a pickling step.
  • Tanning is a process for the preservation of skins, by which is meant the collagen-containing integuments of vertebrates including mammals (e.g. cows, pigs, deer, goats, sheep, seals, antelope, mink, stoats and camels), fish, (e.g. sharks), reptiles (e.g. snakes, lizards and crocodiles), and birds (e.g. ostrich).
  • Skins comprise a layer of collagen, and tanning entails reacting the collagen with a cross linking, or tanning, agent to cross link reactive sites within the collagen molecule.
  • the product of the cross linking is leather, which is substantially less susceptible than skin to bacterial degradation.
  • the collagen layer of the skin is typically separated from fats, connective tissue and other subcutaneous protein, and optionally from the outer keratinous layer, by a combination of chemical and physical steps.
  • the former may include liming, bating and pickling.
  • the skin is then subjected to treatment in one or more stages with various pre-tanning or tanning agents selected to give the desired end properties.
  • the skin is treated with liming chemicals which destroy or loosen the hair and epidermis to leave a hairless skin.
  • the skin is then de-limed to remove the liming chemicals.
  • the de-limed skin is then bated, which uses enzymes to open up pores in the skin and aid tanning.
  • the next stage in the tanning process is usually the pickling stage, wherein the skins are treated with an acid to prepare them for tanning.
  • a pickling treatment involves the use of a mineral acid, (e.g. hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid), or an organic acid (e.g. formic acid) or a mixture thereof (e.g. a mixture of sulphuric and formic acids) together with the addition of a salt (e.g. sodium chloride) to prevent swelling of the skins which would otherwise occur when the collagen is exposed to an acid medium.
  • a mineral acid e.g. hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid
  • an organic acid e.g. formic acid
  • a mixture thereof e.g. a mixture of sulphuric and formic acids
  • a salt e.g. sodium chloride
  • the pickling process typically takes the pH of a delimed and bated skin from its initial pH, of about 8, down to a pH of about 3.
  • a tanning agent When a tanning agent is added to the skin at a low pH, such as pH3, it will penetrate the hide or skin, but will only be activated when the pH of the hide or skin is raised (by adding a basifying agent). As the pH is raised, the tanning agent is activated and cross-links with the skin so that tanning is achieved.
  • a low pH such as pH3
  • Such pickling treatments not only lengthen the overall tanning process, but also have an environmental impact in that they result in the production of tannery effluents which must be disposed of, commonly having a high salt concentration. They also place a loading on the tannery in terms of the acid and salt required.
  • the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a process for pre-tanning skins comprising the steps of: a) liming and washing the skins; b) deliming, bating and washing the skins; c) adjusting the pH, if required; d) pre-tanning the skins; and e) adjusting the pH, if required; wherein the step d) of pre-tanning the skins involves treating the skins with: i. one or more organic tanning agent; and ii. one or more stabilising agent.
  • the pre-tanning process of the present invention does not require the use of a pickling treatment. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, the process does not include a pickling stage.
  • the omission of the pickling stage removes the need for the use of acids (which can be dangerous to handle) and salts (which can cause effluent problems). Furthermore it reduces the time and labour required to complete the tanning process. There are also cost reductions as fewer chemicals are used.
  • the present process minimizes pH fluctuations through the process, and so maintains the natural grain quality.
  • By allowing a smooth, continuous decrease in pH from de-liming onwards excessive looseness in the skins and loss of mechanical strength (tensile and tear) is avoided.
  • this permits efficient processing of "casualty cows" and new season pelts which have loose skins.
  • the pre-tanning process may be used to treat any suitable skins that require pre-tanning. In one embodiment, it is used to treat ovine skins, such as white lamb skins.
  • the liming step a) may be carried out using conventional liming agents, such as sulfides, followed by washing with water.
  • the de-liming and bating step b) may be carried out using conventional de- liming agents, such as ammonium chloride, and bating enzymes, followed by washing with water.
  • de-liming agents such as ammonium chloride, and bating enzymes
  • the pH may be adjusted in step c) with the use of any acid, for example an organic acid, such as formic acid, lactic, acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid, or acetic acid, or an inorganic acid, such as sulphuric acid, nitric acid or hydrochloric acid.
  • an organic acid such as formic acid, lactic, acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid, or acetic acid
  • an inorganic acid such as sulphuric acid, nitric acid or hydrochloric acid.
  • the pH is adjusted in optional step c) it is adjusted to 7 or less, more preferably 6 or less, most preferably 5 or less, e.g. 4.5 or less, such as from 2 to 4.
  • the pH adjustment is not essential in the present pre-tanning process. It is possible for the steps to be carried out at a high pH, of higher than 7, such as 8 or higher, due to the removal of the pickle stage. Accordingly, the pre-tanning step d) may be carried out directly after the de-liming step b).
  • the pH may be adjusted in step e) with the use of any base, for example a weak base, such as sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate.
  • a weak base such as sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate.
  • the pre-tanning step d) may use any organic tanning agent.
  • the agent may be any organic molecule capable of crosslinking proteins and imparting a degree of hydro lytic stability to collagen.
  • the pre-tanning step d) may use a tanning agent which is selected from tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts, condensates, or derivatives thereof, oxazolidines (including Oxazolidine A and Oxazolidine E), and aldehydes (including glyoxal, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and modified glutaraldehyde).
  • a tanning agent which is selected from tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts, condensates, or derivatives thereof, oxazolidines (including Oxazolidine A and Oxazolidine E), and aldehydes (including glyoxal, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and modified glutaraldehyde).
  • a tanning agent which is selected from tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts, condensates, or derivatives thereof, oxazolidines (including Oxazol
  • modified glutaraldehyde refers to glutaraldehyde that has been chemically reacted or physically blended with other chemicals to reduce/control its reactivity. This process typically involves the use of chemicals such as alcohols, glycols, polyglycols and/or aldehydes.
  • chemicals such as alcohols, glycols, polyglycols and/or aldehydes.
  • Several commercially available "modified glutaraldehyde” products are known in the art.
  • the pre-tanning step d) uses a tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salt, condensate or derivative thereof as the tanning agent.
  • the pre-tanning step d) may use any tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salt as tanning agent.
  • any water soluble THP salt with an anion which does not interact adversely with THP or other components of the tannage, or with the leather may be used. It is preferred that anions which are oxidising agents for THP should be substantially absent.
  • a tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium salt of formula THPX, wherein X is chloride, sulphate, bromide, iodide, phosphate, acetate, oxalate, citrate, borate, chlorate, lactate, nitrate, fluoride, carbonate or formate is used.
  • the pre-tanning step d) may use any tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium condensate as tanning agent.
  • THP condensates are water soluble or sparingly water soluble copolymers of THP with organic nitrogen compounds, such as urea or an amine.
  • the condensate is a copolymer of THP with urea, a C1-C20 alkylamine, dicyandiamide, thiourea or guanidine.
  • the molar ratio of THP to nitrogen comound may be, for example, 2: 1 or higher, such as 3 : 1 or higher, preferably 4: 1 or higher, such as 5 : 1 or higher, for instance from 5 : 1 to 7: 1 molar THP:nitrogen compound.
  • THP condensates may contain two or more phosphorus atoms, so long as the phosphorus compound is water soluble to a concentration of at least 0.5 g/1 at 25O 0 C.
  • Such phosphorus compounds contain a total of at least two hydroxymethyl groups, usually at least one per phosphorus atom, and preferably at least two hydroxymethyl groups per phosphorus atom.
  • the group or groups joining the phosphorus atoms together may be of the formula -R-, -R-O-, -R-O-R-, -R-NH-R or -R-R"-R where R is an alkylene group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R" is the residue formed by removal of two hydrogen atoms, bonded to nitrogen, from a di or polyamide or an amine or di or polyamine, such as urea, a C1-C20 alkylamine, dicyandiamide, thiourea or guanidine.
  • three, hydroxyalkyl groups per phosphorus atom may be made by self condensation of THP salts with a compound of general formula R"H2 such as urea, or a C1-C20 alkylamine, e.g. by heating at 40 to 1200 0 C.
  • R"H2 such as urea
  • C1-C20 alkylamine e.g. by heating at 40 to 1200 0 C.
  • a THP condensate may be formed in situ by adding THP or a THP salt and a suitable nitrogen containing compound, e.g. guanidine or dicyandiamide, to the tannage.
  • a suitable nitrogen containing compound e.g. guanidine or dicyandiamide
  • the pre-tanning step d) may use any THP derivative as tanning agent.
  • derivatives of THP or THP salts where one or more of the hydroxymethyl groups is replaced may be mentioned.
  • the THP salt from which the derivative is obtained may be one of those THP salts mentioned above.
  • the replaced hydroxymethyl group may be replaced with an organic substituent group which does not react chemically with collagen.
  • the replacement group may, for example, be a C 1-20 alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, polyalkyleneoxy, alkylpolyalkyleneoxy or polyalkyleneoxy alkyl group.
  • the replacement group may be a branched or straight chain alkyl group, aryl group or aromatic group.
  • These groups may in particular be C1-C18 groups, such as C2-C16 groups, e.g. C3-C12 groups, for example C3, C4, C5, C6, C7 or C8 groups.
  • the replacement groups may optionally contain one or more functional groups, for example the replacement groups may optionally contain one or more functional groups independently selected from sulphonate, carboxylate and phosphonate.
  • tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulphate (THPS), tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride (THPC) or tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium phosphate (THPP) is used as the tanning agent in step d).
  • the amount of tanning agent (e.g. tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salt, condensate or derivative) used, as a percentage by weight based on the weight of the skin to be treated, is preferably from 0.25 to 10%, more preferably from 0.5 to 5%, such as from 1 to 4%, e.g. from 1.5 to 3%.
  • the pre-tanning step d) may use any stabilising agent.
  • the stabilising agent is a compound that will oxidise the phosphorus from the tanning agent from the +3 to the +5 oxidation state.
  • the stabilising agent is a compound that will convert both phosphorus that has reacted with the skin and unreacted phosphorus from the +3 to the +5 oxidation state.
  • the stabilising agent may suitably be selected from oxidising agents such as peroxide, perborate, perchlorate, percarbonate and permanganate compounds; in particular Group I peroxide, perborate, perchlorate, percarbonate and permanganate compounds.
  • hydrogen peroxide may be mentioned, and alkali metal salts of peroxide, perborate, perchlorate, percarbonate and permanganate, such as sodium or potassium salts thereof, e.g. sodium percarbonate and sodium perborate.
  • Preferred stabilising agents are peroxides and perborates.
  • the amount of stabilising agent used may be from 0.1 to 10%, preferably from 0.2 to 5%, such as from 0.3 to 2%, more preferably from 0.4 to 1%, most preferably from 0.5 to 0.8%, e.g. from 0.6 to 0.7%.
  • the tanning agent and stabilising agent may be used simultaneously, sequentially or separately.
  • the skin is treated with stabilising agent after it has been treated with tanning agent, i.e. the tanning agent and the stabilising agent are added sequentially or separately, with the tanning agent being added first.
  • the tanning agent and stabilising agent may be added together.
  • the pre-tanning step d) optionally includes treating the skin with iii. one or more masking agent.
  • Any masking agent may be used in this optional treatment.
  • Organic masking agents for use in tanning are well known in the art. Water soluble compounds are preferred. Generally it is preferred to use masking agents that do not contain nitrogen.
  • Typical masking agents are organic compounds containing at least one carboxyl group and preferably one or more hydroxyl groups, including carboxylic or hydroxycarboxylic acids, and water soluble salts thereof, such as alkali metal salts thereof. Specific masking agents that may be mentioned are alkali metal salts of acetic, citric or tartaric acids, and salts of a polyhydroxy monocarboxylic acid.
  • masking agents that can be used are aliphatic polyhydroxy or polypyrolidone compounds, in particular aliphatic polyhydroxy or polypyrolidone compounds comprising at least three adjacent, geminal or vicinal groups:
  • R is hydrogen or an alkyl group, e.g. a C1-C20 alkyl group
  • X is a hydroxyl or pyrolidone group.
  • the polyhydroxy or polypyrolidone compound has a molecular weight less than 200,000, more preferably less than 150,000, most preferably less than 100,000, e.g. less than 75,000, such as less than 50,000.
  • the masking agent may be glycerol, sorbitol, trimethylol propane, pentaerythritol, 1 ,2, 3-trihydroxy butane, 1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydroxy butane, 1 ,2, 3-trihydroxy pentane, 2,3,4-trihydroxy pentane, tetrahydroxy pentane, pentahydroxy pentane, water soluble carbohydrates including mono and disaccharides and soluble starches and alginates.
  • suitable carbohydrates include sucrose, glucose, maltose, lactose, dextrose, fructose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, ribose andrhamnose and dialdehyde starch.
  • the compound may also be a derivative of a carbohydrate, including alkyl glycosides, such as C1-C25 alkyl glucoside or polyglucoside, or ascorbic, mannonic or gluconic acids, or alginates or sorbitol or mannitol or C1-C25 acyl esters of either sucrose or sorbitan.
  • alkyl glycosides such as C1-C25 alkyl glucoside or polyglucoside, or ascorbic, mannonic or gluconic acids, or alginates or sorbitol or mannitol or C1-C25 acyl esters of either sucrose or sorbitan.
  • the amount of masking agent used is preferably from 0.25 to 8%, more preferably from 0.5 to 5%, such as from 1 to 4%, e.g. from 1.5 to 3%.
  • the masking agent and tanning agent may be added simultaneously, sequentially or separately. In one embodiment, they are added simultaneously. In another embodiment, they are added sequentially, with the masking agent being added either immediately before or immediately after the tanning agent.
  • the pre-tanning step d) may optionally also include treating the skins with: iv. one or more acid.
  • Any suitable acid may be used, for example an organic acid, such as formic acid, lactic, acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid, or acetic acid; preferably formic acid.
  • organic acid such as formic acid, lactic, acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid, or acetic acid; preferably formic acid.
  • the pre-tanning step d) may optionally also include treating the skins with: v. one or more salt.
  • Any suitable salt may be used, for example sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium phosphate or potassium phosphate; preferably sodium chloride.
  • the pre-tanning step d) may optionally also include treating the skins with: vi. one or more complexing agent.
  • Any suitable complexing agent may be used, for example an agent that complexes iron, such as a phosphonate that will complex iron, e.g. an aminomethylene phosphonate.
  • the process may comprise the further step of: f) piling, grading and packing the skins.
  • step d) is carried out after step d) and optional step e).
  • step e is carried out before the pre-tanning step.
  • the process may then comprise the further step of: g) shaving the skins.
  • the process may then comprise the further step of: h) degreasing the skins.
  • step h) When step h) is carried out, preferably aqueous degreasing is used.
  • step h) may suitably involve one or more washing steps using water. It may also involve the use of one or more conventional degreasing agents, such as surfactants.
  • the degreasing step h) may be carried out at lower temperatures than used conventionally.
  • the step h) may be carried out at 3O 0 C or less, such as 25 0 C or less, e.g. 2O 0 C or less. This is advantageous not only in that by reducing the temperature needed for efficient degreasing energy costs are reduced, but also there is reduced shrinkage leading to increased are yield and superior grain quality.
  • the degreasing step h) may be carried out at more conventional temperatures, such as 45 0 C or less, e.g. 4O 0 C or less, such as 35 0 C or less.
  • the process of the present invention results in superior degreasing. Lower grease levels and lower levels of free fatty acid residuals are achieved. Additionally, it provides easier & better processing to produce superior quality leather goods.
  • the process may then comprise the further step of: i) tanning the skins.
  • step i) may suitably involve the use of one or more conventional tanning agents, such as mineral tanning agents, synthetic tanning agents, vegetable tanning agents or organic tanning agents.
  • conventional tanning agents such as mineral tanning agents, synthetic tanning agents, vegetable tanning agents or organic tanning agents.
  • the present invention provides, in a second aspect, a process for tanning skins comprising the steps of:
  • step C tanning the skins; wherein the step C of tanning the skins involves treating the skins with: i. one or more organic tanning agent; and ii. one or more stabilising agent.
  • the tanning process of the present invention does not require the use of a pickling treatment. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, the process does not include a pickling stage.
  • the omission of the pickling stage removes the need for the use of acids (which can be dangerous to handle) and salts (which can cause effluent problems). Furthermore it reduces the time and labour required to complete the tanning process. There will be cost decreases in relation to: the reduction in processing time and labour input, and the need for fewer chemicals to be used. Additionally, the present process minimizes pH fluctuations through the process, and so maintains the natural grain quality. By allowing a smooth, continuous decrease in pH from de-liming onwards, excessive looseness in the skins and loss of mechanical strength (tensile and tear) is avoided. In particular, this permits efficient processing of "casualty cows" and new season pelts which have loose skins.
  • the tanning process may be used to treat any suitable skins that require tanning. In one embodiment, it is used to treat bovine skins.
  • the skin may optionally undergo pre- tanning after deliming step B and prior to tanning step C.
  • one or more of the optional steps e) to h) as described above in relation to the first aspect may be carried out after pre-tanning and prior to tanning.
  • Typical measured benefits of the processes of the present invention include: • Up to 35% reduction in processing times
  • the invention further provides, in a third aspect, the use of: one or more organic tanning agent; and one or more stabilising agent in a pre-tanning or tanning process, to remove the need for a pickling stage.
  • the invention also provides, in a fourth aspect, the use of: one or more organic tanning agent; and one or more stabilising agent in a pre-tanning or tanning process, to reduce the process time.
  • the invention also provides, in a fifth aspect, the use of: one or more organic tanning agent; and one or more stabilising agent in a pre-tanning or tanning process, to reduce the salt and/or water used in the process.
  • the invention also provides, in a sixth aspect, the use of: one or more organic tanning agent; and one or more stabilising agent in a pre-tanning or tanning process, to reduce the residual grease levels below 5% and/or to reduce the residual free fatty acid levels below 1%.
  • the preferred features of the organic tanning agent and stabilising agent are as described above in relation to the first aspect.
  • a masking agent may optionally be used in combination with the tanning agent and the stabilising agent.
  • the preferred features of the masking agent are as described in relation to the first aspect.
  • the tanning agent and stabilising agent may be used simultaneously, sequentially or separately.
  • the tanning agent may be used prior to the stabilising agent.
  • the THPx successfully tanned the skins directly from the delime and bate, without the need for a pickling step.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
PCT/EP2009/053502 2008-04-01 2009-03-25 Process for pre-tanning and tanning skins with organic tanning agent WO2009121769A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200980114671.8A CN102016078B (zh) 2008-04-01 2009-03-25 使用有机鞣剂预鞣制和鞣制生皮的方法
AU2009231404A AU2009231404B2 (en) 2008-04-01 2009-03-25 Process for pre-tanning and tanning skins with organic tanning agent
EP09727033A EP2260115A1 (en) 2008-04-01 2009-03-25 Process for pre-tanning and tanning skins with organic tanning agent

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0805878.6 2008-04-01
GB0805878A GB2458913A (en) 2008-04-01 2008-04-01 Tanning process

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WO2009121769A1 true WO2009121769A1 (en) 2009-10-08

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EP (1) EP2260115A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102016078B (zh)
AR (1) AR071121A1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2009231404B2 (zh)
GB (1) GB2458913A (zh)
NZ (1) NZ602485A (zh)
WO (1) WO2009121769A1 (zh)

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GB2479052A (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-28 Npn Internat Ltd Methods and kits for treating or preserving animal skins
CN102586509A (zh) * 2011-12-31 2012-07-18 河北东明皮革有限公司 一种绵羊皮的鞣制方法
CN104726622A (zh) * 2015-03-25 2015-06-24 陕西科技大学 一种无盐浸酸两步铬鞣工艺
CN106222328A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-14 四川大学 一种持久抗菌抑菌型皮革的制造方法
CN106222324A (zh) * 2016-08-12 2016-12-14 桐乡市鑫诺皮草有限公司 一种毛皮无铬无醛鞣制工艺
CN106282433A (zh) * 2016-08-12 2017-01-04 桐乡市鑫诺皮草有限公司 一种绵羊毛皮鞣制工艺
CN106480240A (zh) * 2016-12-29 2017-03-08 天津市芭而蒂服饰有限公司 一种裘皮面料的处理方法
KR101898949B1 (ko) * 2017-07-07 2018-09-17 농업회사법인 주식회사 천마 유연한 말가죽 제조방법

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CN102260761A (zh) * 2011-06-30 2011-11-30 北京泛博化学股份有限公司 一种毛皮鞣剂及其制备方法
CN103710474B (zh) * 2012-09-29 2016-09-21 焦作隆丰皮草企业有限公司 一种羊剪绒的鞣制方法

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GB2479052A (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-28 Npn Internat Ltd Methods and kits for treating or preserving animal skins
CN102586509A (zh) * 2011-12-31 2012-07-18 河北东明皮革有限公司 一种绵羊皮的鞣制方法
CN104726622A (zh) * 2015-03-25 2015-06-24 陕西科技大学 一种无盐浸酸两步铬鞣工艺
CN106222324A (zh) * 2016-08-12 2016-12-14 桐乡市鑫诺皮草有限公司 一种毛皮无铬无醛鞣制工艺
CN106282433A (zh) * 2016-08-12 2017-01-04 桐乡市鑫诺皮草有限公司 一种绵羊毛皮鞣制工艺
CN106222328A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-14 四川大学 一种持久抗菌抑菌型皮革的制造方法
CN106480240A (zh) * 2016-12-29 2017-03-08 天津市芭而蒂服饰有限公司 一种裘皮面料的处理方法
KR101898949B1 (ko) * 2017-07-07 2018-09-17 농업회사법인 주식회사 천마 유연한 말가죽 제조방법

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AU2009231404A1 (en) 2009-10-08
AR071121A1 (es) 2010-05-26
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EP2260115A1 (en) 2010-12-15
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