WO2009096204A1 - Element electroluminescent organique, dispositif d'affichage et equipement d'eclairage - Google Patents

Element electroluminescent organique, dispositif d'affichage et equipement d'eclairage Download PDF

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WO2009096204A1
WO2009096204A1 PCT/JP2009/050060 JP2009050060W WO2009096204A1 WO 2009096204 A1 WO2009096204 A1 WO 2009096204A1 JP 2009050060 W JP2009050060 W JP 2009050060W WO 2009096204 A1 WO2009096204 A1 WO 2009096204A1
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layer
organic
light
organic electroluminescence
film
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Japanese (ja)
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Hiroshi Bekku
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Konica Minolta Opto, Inc.
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K59/879—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
    • C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
    • C09K2211/1003—Carbocyclic compounds
    • C09K2211/1007—Non-condensed systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
    • C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
    • C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
    • C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
    • C09K2211/1029—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
    • C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
    • C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
    • C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
    • C09K2211/1092—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing sulfur as the only heteroatom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
    • C09K2211/18—Metal complexes
    • C09K2211/185—Metal complexes of the platinum group, i.e. Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh or Pd

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescence element (surface light emitter), a display device, and a lighting device that can be effectively used for a display, illumination, backlight, and the like.
  • the light emitted above the critical angle determined by the refractive index of the light emitting layer and the refractive index of the emission medium is totally reflected and confined inside. Lost as guided light.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-63767 discloses an organic electroluminescence device having a concavo-convex structure on a substrate surface
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-214163 discloses an organic electroluminescence device in which a three-dimensional structure or an inclined surface is formed on the device itself.
  • many attempts have been made to take out guided light confined inside the device by physically changing the shape of the substrate.
  • the extraction efficiency of the organic electroluminescence device is about 17%, and 80% or more of the guided light is confined inside the device.
  • the organic electroluminescence device is composed of a thin film layer of about nanometers. In an electroluminescence element, the phenomenon is further complicated due to a light interference effect and a microcavity effect.
  • the brightness enhancement effect due to the extraction of the guided light does not increase as much as estimated from the classical theory.
  • the guided light confined in the organic electroluminescence device is still extracted to some extent. Can do.
  • the above proposal can be suitably applied.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-43054 has proposed that the thickness of the transparent substrate is 0.2 mm or less and a light scattering layer is formed on the surface thereof for the purpose of preventing the crosstalk. Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-297572 proposes that the crosstalk be prevented by forming a concavo-convex structure near the light emitting layer and making the size of the concavo-convex 0.6 ⁇ m or less. .
  • the emitted light of the organic electroluminescence device is not parallel light, but is emitted radially from one point. Even if a concave-convex structure, diffraction grating, light diffusion light, lens structure, etc. are formed, the transmission angle is prepared. It is extremely difficult to break the critical angle condition.
  • a lens structure As an example, it is possible to change the light transmission angle and collect light by forming a microlens or the like for parallel light. However, since it is a radial emitted light, the condensing effect of a lens is hardly acquired.
  • the material of the lens is significantly different from the refractive index of the substrate.
  • the refractive index of a material that can be used as a normal lens is 1.4 to 2.0, and a large light collecting effect cannot be expected in any case within this range.
  • the thickness of the light emitting layer and the electrode is about 200 nm in the organic electroluminescence element, the thickness is less than that in which the waveguide mode is established. Therefore, when an ultra-low refractive index layer is provided immediately above, light originally confined as guided light leaks into the ultra-low refractive index layer, and once leaked into the layer with a refractive index of 1.0, This is a phenomenon in which light is emitted to the outside without being totally reflected.
  • Such a proposal is very effective as a method for improving luminance for display applications because it is not necessary to provide physical unevenness and does not cause crosstalk due to parallax, which is a problem described above.
  • the biggest problems include ensuring mechanical strength and ensuring surface smoothness.
  • Patent Document 4 provides an optical path adjustment layer that does not use surface irregularities, but there is a limit in adjusting the refractive index because it does not include an air layer. The brightness improvement effect is small. Further, photolithography is used as a method for producing the optical path adjusting layer, and there remains a problem that productivity is very poor. JP 2001-196164 A JP 2001-202827 A JP 2004-22182 A JP 2007-95326 A
  • the present invention is confined within the element without degrading the image characteristics and mechanical strength of the organic electroluminescence element, particularly the organic electroluminescence element for display device use and illumination device use.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an industrially useful organic electroluminescent element (surface light emitter) that can efficiently extract a guided light component, improve luminous efficiency, and thereby achieve a long life with low power consumption. .
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an organic electroluminescence device having high productivity and excellent brightness improvement by using a porous film formed by self-organization. Furthermore, the organic electroluminescence element can provide a sharp image by not causing parallax crosstalk due to the influence of physical unevenness.
  • the present invention is effective for both bottom emission and top emission organic electroluminescence elements.
  • an organic electroluminescence device in which a transparent electrode, an organic electroluminescence layer, and a cathode or an anode are provided in this order on a transparent substrate, a refractive index adjustment layer is provided between the transparent substrate and the transparent electrode, and the refractive index adjustment
  • a refractive index adjustment layer is provided between the transparent substrate and the transparent electrode, and the refractive index adjustment
  • honeycomb porous film has a pore diameter of 50 nm to 800 nm and a film thickness of 100 nm to 10000 nm.
  • An illuminating device comprising the organic electroluminescent element according to any one of 1 to 4 above.
  • the light extraction efficiency of the organic electroluminescence element can be increased.
  • a guided light component confined inside the element is efficiently extracted without deteriorating the image characteristics and mechanical strength of the organic electroluminescence element particularly for display device use and lighting device use, and light emission is achieved.
  • Industrially useful organic electroluminescence elements surface emitters that improve efficiency and thereby enable long life with low power consumption can be provided.
  • the present invention provides an organic EL device in which an organic electroluminescence device (hereinafter referred to as an organic EL device) is provided with a transparent electrode, an organic EL layer and a cathode or an anode in this order on a transparent substrate.
  • an organic EL device an organic electroluminescence device
  • a refractive index adjusting layer is provided between the transparent substrate and the transparent electrode, and the refractive index adjusting layer is a porous film formed by self-organization.
  • the porous film is a honeycomb-like porous film
  • the pore diameter of the honeycomb-like porous film is 50 nm to 800 nm and the film thickness is 100 nm to 10000 nm. Is particularly preferable for obtaining the effects of the present invention.
  • the organic EL device of the present invention uses a porous film having a honeycomb-like porous structure on the light extraction surface side, there is a boundary surface formed by contacting a plurality of regions with different nanoscale refractive indexes. ing. Therefore, since the light emitted from the organic EL element is guided in the light extraction direction, the light loss inside the display is greatly reduced, and the light utilization efficiency (brightness improvement degree) becomes extremely high. Further, the present invention does not require a complicated process like photolithography, and has an advantage that it can be easily manufactured.
  • Self-organization refers to “a structure in which components of materials and devices are gathered by themselves (self-assembly) without the need for human intervention when creating materials and devices. It means to form a pattern (dissipative structure) in which the components are moving in the dynamic process of material diffusion.
  • a gas having a relative humidity of 50 to 95% is sent onto the substrate at a constant flow rate.
  • a honeycomb structure having a coefficient of variation of pore size of 20% or less can be manufactured by evaporating the organic solvent and condensing water vapor on the solution surface and evaporating the generated fine water droplets.
  • hydrophobic polymer various polymers can be used.
  • vinyl polymer for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl ether, polyvinyl carbazole, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, etc.
  • polyester For example, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyethylene naphthalate and the like), polylactone, polyamide or polyimide (for example, nylon and polyamic acid), polyaromatics, polyether (for example, polyethersulfone and the like), polysiloxane derivatives and the like.
  • a homopolymer may be used as necessary, or a copolymer or a polymer blend may be used, but a homopolymer or an alternating polymerization copolymer is preferable.
  • amphiphilic polymer examples include an amphiphilic polymer having polyacrylamide as a main chain skeleton, a dodecyl group as a hydrophobic side chain, and a carboxyl group as a hydrophilic side chain, and a polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol block copolymer.
  • the hydrophobic polymer and the amphiphilic molecular weight used are both number average molecular weight (Mn) of 1,000 to 10,000,000, preferably 5,000 to 1,000,000.
  • the honeycomb structure means a structure in which pores having a fixed shape and a fixed size are continuously and regularly arranged.
  • This regular arrangement is two-dimensional in the case of a single layer and regular in three dimensions in the case of a multilayer.
  • This regularity is arranged so that a plurality of (for example, six) holes surround one hole in a two-dimensional manner, and three-dimensionally like a face-centered cubic or hexagonal crystal structure.
  • other regularity may be exhibited.
  • the solvent used is preferably water-insoluble.
  • halogen organic solvents such as chloroform and methylene chloride, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, water-insoluble ketones such as methyl isobutyl ketone, diethyl ether and the like Examples include ethers and carbon disulfide. These organic solvents may be used alone or as a mixed solvent in which these solvents are combined.
  • the polymer concentration of both the hydrophobic polymer and the amphiphilic polymer dissolved in these solvents is 0.01% by mass to 10% by mass, preferably 0.05% by mass to 5% by mass.
  • the polymer concentration is lower than 0.01% by mass, the resulting film tends to have insufficient mechanical strength, and the size and arrangement of pores tend to be disturbed. Further, when the polymer concentration is 10% by mass or more, there is a tendency that a sufficient honeycomb structure cannot be obtained.
  • the composition ratio of the hydrophobic polymer to the amphiphilic polymer is preferably 99: 1 to 50:50 (mass ratio).
  • mass ratio When the amphiphilic polymer ratio is less than 1% by mass, there is a tendency that a uniform honeycomb structure cannot be obtained, and when the ratio exceeds 50% by mass, sufficient film stability, particularly mechanical stability, is obtained. There is a tendency to become unusable.
  • Substrates used for film formation include inorganic materials such as glass, metal and silicon wafers, organic materials with excellent organic solvent resistance such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyetherketone and polyfluorinated ethylene, water, liquid paraffin and liquid polyether. Etc. can be used.
  • inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas can be used as the gas whose humidity and flow rate are controlled during film formation, but dust removal measures such as passing through a filter should be performed in advance. Is desirable. Since dust in the atmosphere acts as condensation nuclei of water vapor and affects film formation, it is preferable to install dust removal equipment and the like at the production site.
  • the mechanism for forming the honeycomb structure is estimated as follows.
  • the hydrophobic organic solvent evaporates, water condenses on the surface of the solvent whose temperature is lowered due to the removal of latent heat, and becomes fine droplets and adheres to the polymer solution surface.
  • the action of the hydrophilic portion in the polymer solution reduces the surface tension between the water and the hydrophobic organic solvent, preventing the water fine particles from aggregating and fusing into one mass.
  • the droplets are transported and collected by the solvent flow based on solvent evaporation and filling from the surroundings, and further closely packed by the transverse capillary force. Finally, the water flies and the polymer remains in the form of regular honeycombs.
  • the relative humidity is preferably in the range of 50 to 95%. If it is less than 50%, water condensation on the solvent surface tends to be insufficient. If it exceeds 95%, it is difficult to control the environment, and it tends to be difficult to maintain a uniform film formation.
  • the wind speed is preferably 0.05 m / s to 1 m / s. If it is less than 0.05 m / s, it tends to be difficult to control the environment. In addition, wind speeds exceeding 1 m / s cause disturbance of the solvent surface and tend to make it difficult to obtain a uniform film.
  • a honeycomb-like porous film having a pore diameter of 50 nm to 800 nm of the present invention can be produced.
  • the pores When the diameter of the pores is less than 50 nm, the pores are not arranged in a honeycomb shape, and each pore tends to be mixed. In addition, when the diameter of the holes exceeds 800 nm, the shape of the holes collapses from a perfect circle, and there is a tendency that an isotropic film cannot be obtained.
  • Accelerating rapid drying is effective for controlling the pore size.
  • it is effective to use a low-boiling solvent as the solvent used, raise the support temperature, increase the developing speed, and reduce the initial developing liquid thickness.
  • the thickness of the honeycomb-shaped porous film of the present invention is preferably 100 nm to 10000 nm, but it is also possible to provide a thick layer without voids on the substrate side by increasing the concentration of the developed polymer.
  • the thickness of the honeycomb-shaped porous film is less than 100 nm, the boundary surface to be formed is insufficient, and the utilization efficiency of light emitted from the organic EL element is low. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10,000 nm, the viewing angle dependency becomes remarkable, and the display performance of the organic EL element is deteriorated.
  • the variation coefficient of the pore size of the honeycomb porous film of the present invention is preferably 0 to 20%, more preferably 0 to 5%, and further preferably 1% or less. Although it is most desirable to set the coefficient of variation to 0%, it is technically difficult to strictly control the heat transfer caused by the supply of water vapor and mainly the heat of condensation and the heat of vaporization of the solvent. If the coefficient of variation exceeds 20%, the arrangement of the holes will be disturbed, and it will not be possible to maintain a uniform film thickness, resulting in non-uniform portions of reflectance and transmittance, which is a fatal defect as an optical functional film. It becomes.
  • the honeycomb-shaped porous film of the present invention obtained according to the above method may be used as it is by manufacturing it on a desired substrate from the beginning, or after being immersed in a suitable solvent such as ethanol, from the substrate at the time of manufacturing. After being peeled off, it may be used on a desired substrate.
  • an adhesive such as an epoxy resin or a silane coupling agent suitable for the material and the desired material of the substrate may be used for the purpose of improving the adhesion to a new substrate.
  • Transparent substrate / refractive index adjusting layer / anode / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / cathode (2) Transparent substrate / refractive index adjusting layer / cathode / electron transport layer / light emitting layer / anode (3) Transparent substrate / Refractive index adjusting layer / anode / hole transporting layer / light emitting layer / electron transporting layer / cathode (4) transparent substrate / refractive index adjusting layer / anode / hole transporting layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron transporting Layer / cathode (5) transparent substrate / refractive index adjusting layer / anode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer / cathode (6) transparent substrate / refractive index adjusting layer / Anode / anode buffer layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer /
  • the planarization layer has the effect of further improving the flatness of the honeycomb-like porous film, particularly the flatness of the surface, and improving the light extraction efficiency.
  • the flattening layer may be a transparent material, and there is no particular limitation on the type of glass, plastic, etc., and examples thereof include glass, quartz, and a light transmissive resin film.
  • a particularly preferable material is a transparent resin film described later.
  • the organic EL layer according to the present invention is a layer including at least a light emitting layer, excluding the anode and the cathode, among the above constituent layers, and the layer configuration means a layer having one or more organic layers.
  • the organic layer formed in the organic EL layer other than the light emitting layer include charge injection layers such as a hole injection layer and an electron injection layer.
  • examples of the other organic layers include a charge transport layer such as a hole transport layer that transports holes to the light-emitting layer and an electron transport layer that transports electrons to the light-emitting layer. In many cases, it is formed integrally with the charge injection layer by imparting a charge transporting function.
  • examples of the organic layer formed in the organic EL layer include a layer for preventing the penetration of holes or electrons, such as a carrier block layer, and improving the recombination efficiency.
  • an electrode material made of a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a mixture thereof having a high work function (4 eV or more) is preferably used.
  • electrode materials include metals such as Au, and conductive transparent materials such as CuI, indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO 2 and ZnO.
  • conductive transparent materials such as CuI, indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO 2 and ZnO.
  • an amorphous material such as IDIXO (In 2 O 3 —ZnO) that can form a transparent conductive film may be used.
  • these electrode materials may be formed into a thin film by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering, and a pattern having a desired shape may be formed by a photolithography method, or when the pattern accuracy is not required (about 100 ⁇ m or more) ), A pattern may be formed through a mask having a desired shape when the electrode material is deposited or sputtered.
  • the transmittance be greater than 10%, and the sheet resistance as the anode is preferably several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
  • the film thickness depends on the material, it is usually selected in the range of 10 to 1000 nm, preferably 10 to 200 nm.
  • cathode a material having a low work function (4 eV or less) metal (referred to as an electron injecting metal), an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, and a mixture thereof as an electrode material is used.
  • electrode materials include sodium, sodium-potassium alloy, magnesium, lithium, magnesium / copper mixture, magnesium / silver mixture, magnesium / aluminum mixture, magnesium / indium mixture, aluminum / aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) Mixtures, indium, lithium / aluminum mixtures, rare earth metals and the like.
  • a mixture of an electron injecting metal and a second metal which is a stable metal having a larger work function than this for example, a magnesium / silver mixture
  • Suitable are a magnesium / aluminum mixture, a magnesium / indium mixture, an aluminum / aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) mixture, a lithium / aluminum mixture, aluminum and the like.
  • the cathode can be produced by forming a thin film of these electrode materials by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering.
  • the sheet resistance as the cathode is preferably several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less, and the film thickness is usually selected in the range of 10 nm to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 50 to 200 nm.
  • the emission luminance is advantageously improved.
  • a transparent or semi-transparent cathode can be produced by producing the conductive transparent material mentioned in the description of the anode on the cathode after producing the metal with a film thickness of 1 to 20 nm. By applying this, an element in which both the anode and the cathode are transmissive can be manufactured.
  • injection layer electron injection layer, hole injection layer
  • the injection layer is provided as necessary, and there are an electron injection layer and a hole injection layer, and as described above, it exists between the anode and the light emitting layer or the hole transport layer and between the cathode and the light emitting layer or the electron transport layer. May be.
  • An injection layer is a layer provided between an electrode and an organic layer in order to reduce drive voltage and improve light emission luminance.
  • Organic EL element and its forefront of industrialization (issued by NTT Corporation on November 30, 1998) 2), Chapter 2, “Electrode Materials” (pages 123 to 166) in detail, and includes a hole injection layer (anode buffer layer) and an electron injection layer (cathode buffer layer).
  • anode buffer layer hole injection layer
  • copper phthalocyanine is used.
  • examples thereof include a phthalocyanine buffer layer represented by an oxide, an oxide buffer layer represented by vanadium oxide, an amorphous carbon buffer layer, and a polymer buffer layer using a conductive polymer such as polyaniline (emeraldine) or polythiophene.
  • cathode buffer layer (electron injection layer) The details of the cathode buffer layer (electron injection layer) are described in JP-A-6-325871, JP-A-9-17574, JP-A-10-74586, and the like. Specifically, strontium, aluminum, etc.
  • Metal buffer layer typified by lithium, alkali metal compound buffer layer typified by lithium fluoride, alkaline earth metal compound buffer layer typified by magnesium fluoride, oxide buffer layer typified by aluminum oxide, etc.
  • the buffer layer (injection layer) is preferably a very thin film, and the film thickness is preferably in the range of 0.1 nm to 5 ⁇ m, although it depends on the material.
  • the blocking layer is provided as necessary in addition to the basic constituent layer of the organic compound thin film. For example, it is described in JP-A Nos. 11-204258 and 11-204359, and “Organic EL elements and their forefront of industrialization” (issued by NTS on November 30, 1998). There is a hole blocking (hole blocking) layer.
  • the hole blocking layer is a hole blocking material that has the function of an electron transport layer, has a function of transporting electrons, and has an extremely small ability to transport holes. The probability of recombination of electrons and holes can be improved by blocking. Moreover, the structure of the electron carrying layer mentioned later can be used as a hole-blocking layer concerning this invention as needed.
  • the electron blocking layer has a function of a hole transport layer in a broad sense, and is a material that has a function of transporting holes and has an extremely small ability to transport electrons. By blocking, the recombination probability of electrons and holes can be improved. Moreover, the structure of the positive hole transport layer mentioned later can be used as an electron blocking layer as needed.
  • the light-emitting layer is a layer that emits light by recombination of electrons and holes injected from the electrode, the electron transport layer, or the hole transport layer, and the light-emitting portion is the light-emitting layer even in the light-emitting layer. It may be an interface with an adjacent layer.
  • the light emitting layer of the organic EL device of the present invention preferably contains the following host compound and dopant compound. Thereby, the luminous efficiency can be further increased.
  • the light-emitting dopant is roughly classified into two types: a fluorescent dopant that emits fluorescence and a phosphorescent dopant that emits phosphorescence.
  • fluorescent dopant examples include coumarin dyes, pyran dyes, cyanine dyes, croconium dyes, squalium dyes, oxobenzanthracene dyes, fluorescein dyes, rhodamine dyes, pyrylium dyes, Examples include perylene dyes, stilbene dyes, polythiophene dyes, and rare earth complex phosphors.
  • Typical examples of the latter are preferably complex compounds containing metals of Group 8, Group 9, and Group 10 in the periodic table of elements, and more preferably iridium compounds and osmium compounds. Of these, iridium compounds are most preferred. Specifically, it is a compound described in the following patent publications.
  • the light emitting dopant may be used by mixing a plurality of kinds of compounds.
  • a light-emitting host (also simply referred to as a host) means a compound having the largest mixing ratio (mass) in a light-emitting layer composed of two or more compounds.
  • dopant compound simply referred to as a dopant.
  • the light-emitting host used in the present invention is not particularly limited in terms of structure, but is typically a carbazole derivative, a triarylamine derivative, an aromatic borane derivative, a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, a thiophene derivative, a furan derivative, an oligo Those having a basic skeleton such as an arylene compound, or a carboline derivative or diazacarbazole derivative (herein, a diazacarbazole derivative is a nitrogen atom in which at least one carbon atom of the hydrocarbon ring constituting the carboline ring of the carboline derivative is a nitrogen atom) And the like.) And the like.
  • carboline derivatives diazacarbazole derivatives and the like are preferably used.
  • carboline derivatives diazacarbazole derivatives and the like are given below, but the present invention is not limited to these.
  • the light emitting host used in the present invention may be a low molecular compound, a high molecular compound having a repeating unit, or a low molecular compound having a polymerizable group such as a vinyl group or an epoxy group (evaporation polymerizable light emitting host). .
  • a compound having a hole transporting ability and an electron transporting ability and preventing a long wavelength of light emission and having a high Tg (glass transition temperature) is preferable.
  • a plurality of known host compounds may be used in combination. Moreover, it becomes possible to mix different light emission by using multiple types of dopant compounds, and can thereby obtain arbitrary luminescent colors. White light emission is possible by adjusting the kind of phosphorescent compound and the amount of doping, and can also be applied to illumination and backlight.
  • the color emitted by the organic EL element is shown in Fig. 4.16 on page 108 of the "New Color Science Handbook” (edited by the Japan Society for Color Science, University of Tokyo Press, 1985).
  • the spectral radiance meter CS-1000 (Konica Minolta Sensing Co., Ltd.) Determined by the color when the result measured in (made) is applied to the CIE chromaticity coordinates.
  • the light emitting layer can be formed by depositing the above compound by a known thinning method such as a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, an LB method, or an ink jet method.
  • the thickness of the light emitting layer is not particularly limited, but is usually selected in the range of 5 nm to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 200 nm.
  • This light emitting layer may have a single layer structure in which these phosphorescent compounds and host compounds are composed of one or more kinds, or may have a laminated structure composed of a plurality of layers having the same composition or different compositions.
  • the hole transport layer is made of a hole transport material having a function of transporting holes, and in a broad sense, a hole injection layer and an electron blocking layer are also included in the hole transport layer.
  • the hole transport layer can be provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers.
  • the hole transport material has either hole injection or transport or electron barrier properties, and may be either organic or inorganic.
  • triazole derivatives oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, polyarylalkane derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives and pyrazolone derivatives, phenylenediamine derivatives, arylamine derivatives, amino-substituted chalcone derivatives, oxazole derivatives, styrylanthracene derivatives, fluorenone derivatives, hydrazone derivatives
  • Examples thereof include stilbene derivatives, silazane derivatives, aniline copolymers, and conductive polymer oligomers, particularly thiophene oligomers.
  • the above-mentioned materials can be used as the hole transport material, but it is preferable to use a porphyrin compound, an aromatic tertiary amine compound and a styrylamine compound, particularly an aromatic tertiary amine compound.
  • aromatic tertiary amine compounds and styrylamine compounds include N, N, N ′, N′-tetraphenyl-4,4′-diaminophenyl; N, N′-diphenyl-N, N′— Bis (3-methylphenyl)-[1,1′-biphenyl] -4,4′-diamine (TPD); 2,2-bis (4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl) propane; 1,1-bis (4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl) cyclohexane; N, N, N ′, N′-tetra-p-tolyl-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl; 1,1-bis (4-di-p-tolyl) Aminophenyl) -4-phenylcyclohexane; bis (4-dimethylamino-2-methylphenyl) phenylmethane; bis (4-di-p-tolylaminoph
  • a polymer material in which these materials are introduced into a polymer chain or these materials are used as a polymer main chain can also be used.
  • inorganic compounds such as p-type-Si and p-type-SiC can also be used as the hole injection material and the hole transport material.
  • the hole transport layer can be formed by thinning the hole transport material by a known method such as a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, a printing method including an ink jet method, or an LB method. it can.
  • the thickness of the hole transport layer is not particularly limited, but is usually about 5 nm to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 200 nm.
  • the hole transport layer may have a single layer structure composed of one or more of the above materials.
  • a hole transport layer having a high p property doped with impurities examples thereof include JP-A-4-297076, JP-A-2000-196140, JP-A-2001-102175, J.A. Appl. Phys. 95, 5773 (2004), and the like.
  • the electron transport layer is made of a material having a function of transporting electrons, and in a broad sense, an electron injection layer and a hole blocking layer are also included in the electron transport layer.
  • the electron transport layer can be provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers.
  • an electron transport material also serving as a hole blocking material used for an electron transport layer adjacent to the light emitting layer on the cathode side is injected from the cathode.
  • Any material may be used as long as it has a function of transferring electrons to the light-emitting layer, and any material can be selected from conventionally known compounds. Examples include nitro-substituted fluorene derivatives, diphenylquinone derivatives, thiopyran dioxide derivatives, carbodiimides, fluorenylidenemethane derivatives, anthraquinodimethane and anthrone derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, and the like.
  • a thiadiazole derivative in which the oxygen atom of the oxadiazole ring is substituted with a sulfur atom, and a quinoxaline derivative having a quinoxaline ring known as an electron withdrawing group can also be used as an electron transport material.
  • a polymer material in which these materials are introduced into a polymer chain or these materials are used as a polymer main chain can also be used.
  • metal complexes of 8-quinolinol derivatives such as tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum (Alq), tris (5,7-dichloro-8-quinolinol) aluminum, tris (5,7-dibromo-8-quinolinol) aluminum Tris (2-methyl-8-quinolinol) aluminum, tris (5-methyl-8-quinolinol) aluminum, bis (8-quinolinol) zinc (Znq), and the like, and the central metals of these metal complexes are In, Mg, Metal complexes replaced with Cu, Ca, Sn, Ga or Pb can also be used as the electron transport material.
  • metal-free or metal phthalocyanine or those having terminal ends substituted with an alkyl group or a sulfonic acid group can be preferably used as the electron transporting material.
  • the distyrylpyrazine derivatives exemplified as the material of the light emitting layer can also be used as an electron transport material, and like the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer, inorganic such as n-type-Si and n-type-SiC can be used.
  • a semiconductor can also be used as an electron transport material.
  • the electron transport layer can be formed by thinning the electron transport material by a known method such as a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, a printing method including an ink jet method, or an LB method.
  • the thickness of the electron transport layer is not particularly limited, but is usually about 5 nm to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 200 nm.
  • the electron transport layer may have a single layer structure composed of one or more of the above materials.
  • an electron transport layer having a high n property doped with impurities examples thereof include JP-A-4-297076, JP-A-2000-196140, JP-A-2001-102175, J.A. Appl. Phys. 95, 5773 (2004), and the like.
  • the base material (hereinafter also referred to as a substrate, substrate, support, etc.) that can be used in the organic EL device of the present invention is not particularly limited in the type of glass, plastic, etc. Although there is no restriction
  • a particularly preferred substrate is a transparent resin film that can give flexibility to the organic EL element.
  • transparent resin films examples include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene, polypropylene, cellophane, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate (TAC), cellulose acetate butyrate, and cellulose acetate propionate.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • polyethylene polypropylene
  • cellophane cellulose diacetate
  • TAC cellulose triacetate
  • TAC cellulose acetate butyrate
  • cellulose acetate propionate examples include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene, polypropylene, cellophane, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate (TAC), cellulose acetate butyrate, and cellulose acetate propionate.
  • CAP cellulose esters such as cellulose acetate phthalate, cellulose nitrate or derivatives thereof, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene vinyl alcohol, syndiotactic polystyrene, polycarbonate, norbornene resin, polymethylpentene, polyether ketone, Polyimide, polyethersulfone (PES), polysulfones, polyetherketone De, polyamide, fluorine resin, nylon, polymethyl methacrylate, acrylic or polyarylates, and cycloolefin resins such as ARTON (trade name JSR Corp.) or APEL (trade name Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.).
  • ARTON trade name JSR Corp.
  • APEL trade name Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
  • an inorganic film, an organic film, or a hybrid film of both may be formed, and the film should be a high barrier film having a water vapor transmission rate of 0.01 g / m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less. preferable.
  • a hue improvement filter such as a color filter may be used in combination, or a color conversion filter that converts the emission color from the organic EL element into multiple colors using a phosphor may be used in combination.
  • the ⁇ max of light emission of the organic EL element is preferably 480 nm or less.
  • an organic EL device comprising a refractive index adjusting layer / anode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / cathode is produced.
  • a refractive index adjusting layer / anode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / cathode is produced.
  • the honeycomb porous film is smoothly bonded onto a transparent substrate using an adhesive.
  • a desired electrode material for example, a thin film made of an anode material is formed on the honeycomb-shaped porous film by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering so as to have a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or less, preferably 10 to 200 nm, An anode is produced.
  • a method for thinning the organic compound thin film there are a vapor deposition method and a wet process (spin coating method, casting method, ink jet method, printing method) as described above, but it is easy to obtain a uniform film and a pinhole. From the point of being difficult to form, a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, an ink jet method, and a printing method are particularly preferable. Further, different film forming methods may be applied for each layer.
  • the vapor deposition conditions vary depending on the type of compound used, but generally a boat heating temperature of 50 to 450 ° C., a degree of vacuum of 10 ⁇ 6 to 10 ⁇ 2 Pa, and a vapor deposition rate of 0.01 to It is desirable to select appropriately within the range of 50 nm / second, substrate temperature ⁇ 50 to 300 ° C., film thickness 0.1 nm to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 200 nm.
  • a thin film made of a cathode material is formed thereon by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering so as to have a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or less, preferably in the range of 50 to 200 nm, and a cathode is provided.
  • a desired organic EL element can be obtained.
  • the organic EL element is preferably manufactured from the hole injection layer to the cathode consistently by a single evacuation, but may be taken out halfway and subjected to different film forming methods. At that time, it is necessary to consider that the work is performed in a dry inert gas atmosphere.
  • the display device using the organic EL element of the present invention can be used as a display device, a display, and various light emission sources.
  • a display device or display full-color display is possible by using three types of organic EL elements of blue, red, and green light emission.
  • Display devices and displays include televisions, personal computers, mobile devices, AV devices, teletext displays, information displays in automobiles, and the like. In particular, it may be used as a display device for reproducing still images and moving images, and the driving method when used as a display device for reproducing moving images may be either a simple matrix (passive matrix) method or an active matrix method.
  • the lighting device using the organic EL element of the present invention includes home lighting, interior lighting, backlights for clocks and liquid crystals, billboard advertisements, traffic lights, light sources for optical storage media, light sources for electrophotographic copying machines, and optical communication processors. Examples include, but are not limited to, a light source and a light source of an optical sensor.
  • the organic EL element of the present invention may be used as an organic EL element having a resonator structure.
  • Examples of the purpose of use of the organic EL element having such a resonator structure include a light source of an optical storage medium, a light source of an electrophotographic copying machine, a light source of an optical communication processing machine, and a light source of an optical sensor. It is not limited. Moreover, you may use for the said use by making a laser oscillation.
  • the organic EL element of the present invention may be used as one kind of lamp for illumination or exposure light source, a projection device for projecting an image, or a display for directly viewing a still image or a moving image. It may be used as a device (display).
  • the driving method may be either a simple matrix (passive matrix) method or an active matrix method.
  • a full-color display device can be manufactured by using three or more kinds of organic EL elements having different emission colors.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a display device composed of organic EL elements. It is a schematic diagram of a display such as a mobile phone that displays image information by light emission of an organic EL element.
  • the display 1 includes a display unit A having a plurality of pixels, a control unit B that performs image scanning of the display unit A based on image information, and the like.
  • the control unit B is electrically connected to the display unit A, and sends a scanning signal and an image data signal to each of the plurality of pixels based on image information from the outside.
  • the pixels for each scanning line are converted into image data signals by the scanning signal.
  • light is sequentially emitted and image scanning is performed to display image information on the display unit A.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the display unit A.
  • the display unit A has a wiring unit including a plurality of scanning lines 5 and data lines 6, a plurality of pixels 3 and the like on a substrate.
  • the main members of the display unit A will be described below.
  • FIG. 2 shows a case where the light emitted from the pixel 3 is extracted in the direction of the white arrow (downward).
  • the scanning lines 5 and the plurality of data lines 6 in the wiring portion are each made of a conductive material, and the scanning lines 5 and the data lines 6 are orthogonal to each other in a grid pattern and are connected to the pixels 3 at orthogonal positions (details are shown in FIG. Not shown).
  • the pixel 3 When the scanning signal is applied from the scanning line 5, the pixel 3 receives the image data signal from the data line 6 and emits light according to the received image data.
  • Full color display is possible by appropriately arranging pixels in the red region, the green region, and the blue region that emit light on the same substrate.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pixel.
  • the pixel includes an organic EL element 10, a switching transistor 11, a driving transistor 12, a capacitor 13, and the like.
  • Full-color display can be performed by using red, green, and blue light emitting organic EL elements as the organic EL elements 10 in a plurality of pixels and juxtaposing them on the same substrate.
  • an image data signal is applied from the control unit B to the drain of the switching transistor 11 via the data line 6.
  • a scanning signal is applied from the control unit B to the gate of the switching transistor 11 via the scanning line 5
  • the driving of the switching transistor 11 is turned on, and the image data signal applied to the drain is supplied to the capacitor 13 and the driving transistor 12. Is transmitted to the gate.
  • the capacitor 13 is charged according to the potential of the image data signal, and the drive transistor 12 is turned on.
  • the drive transistor 12 has a drain connected to the power supply line 7 and a source connected to the electrode of the organic EL element 10, and the power supply line 7 connects to the organic EL element 10 according to the potential of the image data signal applied to the gate. Current is supplied.
  • the driving of the switching transistor 11 is turned off. However, even if the driving of the switching transistor 11 is turned off, the capacitor 13 maintains the potential of the charged image data signal, so that the driving of the driving transistor 12 is kept on and the next scanning signal is applied. Until then, the light emission of the organic EL element 10 continues.
  • the driving transistor 12 is driven according to the potential of the next image data signal synchronized with the scanning signal, and the organic EL element 10 emits light.
  • the organic EL element 10 emits light by the switching transistor 11 and the drive transistor 12 that are active elements for the organic EL element 10 of each of the plurality of pixels, and the light emission of the organic EL element 10 of each of the plurality of pixels 3. It is carried out.
  • Such a light emitting method is called an active matrix method.
  • the light emission of the organic EL element 10 may be light emission of a plurality of gradations by a multi-value image data signal having a plurality of gradation potentials, or on / off of a predetermined light emission amount by a binary image data signal. But you can.
  • the potential of the capacitor 13 may be held continuously until the next scanning signal is applied, or may be discharged immediately before the next scanning signal is applied.
  • the present invention not only the active matrix method described above, but also a passive matrix light emission drive in which the organic EL element emits light according to the data signal only when the scanning signal is scanned.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a passive matrix display device.
  • a plurality of scanning lines 5 and a plurality of image data lines 6 are provided in a lattice shape so as to face each other with the pixel 3 interposed therebetween.
  • the pixel 3 connected to the applied scanning line 5 emits light according to the image data signal.
  • the pixel 3 has no active element, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
  • the organic EL material according to the present invention can also be applied to an organic EL element that emits substantially white light as a lighting device.
  • a plurality of light emitting colors are simultaneously emitted by a plurality of light emitting materials to obtain white light emission by color mixing.
  • the combination of a plurality of emission colors may include three emission maximum wavelengths of the three primary colors of blue, green, and blue, or two using the relationship of complementary colors such as blue and yellow, blue green and orange, etc. The thing containing the light emission maximum wavelength may be used.
  • a combination of light emitting materials for obtaining a plurality of emission colors includes a combination of a plurality of phosphorescent or fluorescent materials (light emitting dopants), a light emitting material that emits fluorescent or phosphorescent light, and the light emission. Any combination of a dye material that emits light from the material as excitation light may be used, but in the white organic EL element used in the present invention, a method of combining a plurality of light-emitting dopants is preferable.
  • a method of having a plurality of emission dopants in one emission layer, a plurality of emission layers, and an emission wavelength of each emission layer examples thereof include a method in which different dopants are present, and a method in which minute pixels that emit light at different wavelengths are formed in a matrix.
  • patterning may be performed by a metal mask, an ink jet printing method, or the like as needed during film formation.
  • a metal mask an ink jet printing method, or the like as needed during film formation.
  • patterning only the electrode may be patterned, the electrode and the light emitting layer may be patterned, or the entire element layer may be patterned.
  • the light emitting material used for the light emitting layer is not particularly limited.
  • the platinum complex according to the present invention is also known so as to be adapted to the wavelength range corresponding to the CF (color filter) characteristics. Any one of the light emitting materials may be selected and combined to be whitened.
  • the white light-emitting organic EL element is used as a liquid crystal display as a kind of lamp such as various light-emitting light sources and lighting devices, home lighting, interior lighting, and exposure light source. It is also useful for display devices such as device backlights.
  • Example 1 As a fine pore structure material, 0.5 ml of a poly- ⁇ -caprolactone methylene chloride solution (polymer concentration: 0.2% by mass) was prepared. Next, a film is formed on a glass substrate kept at 2 ° C. in a closed space not affected by outside air by a knife coater, and constant humidity with a relative humidity of 70% is applied to the substrate surface at a steady flow rate of 2 L / min. By spraying from the direction of ° C. and evaporating methylene chloride, a uniform honeycomb porous film having a pore diameter of 50 nm and a film thickness of 3000 nm was obtained.
  • the constant temperature air was supplied by installing a commercially available dust removal air filter (filtration degree 0.3 ⁇ m) and connecting a humidity generator manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd. Moreover, it was 0.3 m / s when the flow velocity of the air of a spraying part was measured.
  • Example 2 In Example 1, except that 0.5 ml of a methylene chloride solution (0.2% by mass as a polymer concentration) of PEN (polyethylene naphthalate) having a weight average molecular weight of 40,000 was prepared, A honeycomb-like porous film having a diameter of 200 nm and a film thickness of 3000 nm was obtained.
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • CAP amphiphilic polyacrylamide copolymer
  • Example 4 Except for preparing 0.5 ml of a methylene chloride solution of polystyrene having a weight average molecular weight of 45000 in Example 1 (polymer concentration: 0.2% by mass), the pore diameter was 1000 nm and the film thickness was 3000 nm as in Example 1. A honeycomb porous film was obtained.
  • Example 5 In Example 1, except that 0.5 ml of a methylene chloride solution of polystyrene having a weight average molecular weight of 45000 (0.2% by mass as a polymer concentration) was prepared, the pore diameter was 800 nm and the film thickness was 100 nm as in Example 1. A honeycomb porous film was obtained.
  • Example 6 In Example 1, except that 0.5 ml of a methylene chloride solution of polystyrene having a weight average molecular weight of 45000 (0.2% by mass as a polymer concentration) was prepared, the pore diameter was 800 nm and the film thickness was 10000 nm, as in Example 1. A honeycomb porous film was obtained.
  • the structures of the films obtained in Examples 1 to 6 were observed with a field emission scanning electron microscope (S4300, manufactured by Hitachi High-Technology Corporation). It could be confirmed.
  • the vacancies formed a single layer from the front surface to the back surface of the film, and a structure that penetrated the top and bottom of the film and a structure that did not penetrate could be fabricated.
  • the vacancies were distributed over almost the entire surface except for a part around the cast area, and had a beautiful spherical shape.
  • the honeycomb-like porous film produced in Examples 1 to 6 was bonded to a glass substrate, and then ITO (indium tin oxide) was formed to a thickness of 100 nm by sputtering.
  • the plastic film was formed by depositing a silicon oxide film of an inorganic compound as a gas barrier layer on the side where the ITO electrode was not formed with a thickness of 33 nm by an argon sputtering method.
  • Example 7 A planarization layer using a UV curable acrylic resin having a thickness of 2 ⁇ m was produced between the honeycomb-like porous film produced in Example 1 and the glass substrate. Thereafter, an organic EL element was produced in the same manner as described above.
  • Silicon nitride having a refractive index of 1.98 was formed between the glass substrate and the transparent electrode in a film having a lens shape having a pitch of 500 nm, and an organic EL device was produced using the substrate in the same manner as in the example. .
  • FIG. 2 shows only a schematic diagram of the display portion A of the produced full-color display device. That is, a wiring portion including a plurality of scanning lines 5 and data lines 6 and a plurality of juxtaposed pixels 3 (light emission color is a red region pixel, a green region pixel, a blue region pixel, etc.) on the same substrate.
  • Each of the scanning lines 5 and the plurality of data lines 6 in the wiring portion is made of a conductive material, and the scanning lines 5 and the data lines 6 are orthogonal to each other in a lattice shape and are connected to the pixels 3 at the orthogonal positions (details). Is not shown).
  • the plurality of pixels 3 are driven by an active matrix system provided with an organic EL element corresponding to each emission color, a switching transistor as an active element, and a driving transistor, and a scanning signal is applied from a scanning line 5. Then, an image data signal is received from the data line 6 and light is emitted according to the received image data. In this way, full-color display is possible by appropriately juxtaposing the red, green, and blue pixels.
  • the display devices using the organic EL elements of Examples 1 to 7 did not cause color bleeding or color mixing and did not cause crosstalk.
  • the organic EL elements of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were similarly produced, the line and space of each pixel could not be recognized visually, and the colors were mixed.
  • Example 9 The non-light-emitting surface of the organic EL element of the present invention produced in Examples 1 to 7 was covered with a glass case to obtain a lighting device.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the lighting device
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device.
  • the organic EL element 101 was covered with a glass cover 102.
  • Reference numeral 105 denotes a cathode
  • 106 denotes an organic EL layer
  • 107 denotes a refractive index adjusting layer / a glass substrate with a transparent electrode.
  • the glass cover 102 is filled with nitrogen gas 108 and a water catching agent 109 is provided.
  • the lighting device using the organic EL element of the present invention was able to be used as a thin lighting device having high luminous efficiency and a long light emission lifetime.
  • Example 10 When an organic EL device was produced in the same manner using PES (polyester film) and PC (polycarbonate film) instead of the glass substrate used in Examples 1 to 7, brightness enhancement, mechanical strength, and crosstalk were obtained. Excellent results were reproduced.
  • PES polyethylene film
  • PC polycarbonate film

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément électroluminescent organique (corps à émission de surface) utile sur le plan industriel et pouvant améliorer l'efficacité lumineuse par un retrait efficace des composants de guide optique confinés dans l'élément, sans dégradation des caractéristiques d'image ni de la résistance mécanique de l'élément électroluminescent, ce qui présente un intérêt particulier pour un dispositif d'affichage ou un dispositif d'éclairage. L'élément selon l'invention permet ainsi de réduire la consommation d'énergie et d'obtenir une durée de vie de dispositif prolongée. En outre, ledit élément peut présenter une image vidéo nette car la diaphonie de parallaxe causée par des irrégularités physiques ne se produit pas. L'invention concerne en particulier un élément électroluminescent organique comprenant une électrode transparente, une couche électroluminescente et une cathode ou une anode, disposées sur un substrat transparent dans cet ordre. Ledit élément se caractérise en ce qu'une couche d'ajustement d'indice de réfraction est disposée entre le substrat transparent et l'électrode transparente et que ladite couche est un film poreux formé par auto-assemblage.
PCT/JP2009/050060 2008-01-29 2009-01-07 Element electroluminescent organique, dispositif d'affichage et equipement d'eclairage WO2009096204A1 (fr)

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