WO2009093610A1 - 新規ステビア種および甘味料製造方法 - Google Patents
新規ステビア種および甘味料製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009093610A1 WO2009093610A1 PCT/JP2009/050878 JP2009050878W WO2009093610A1 WO 2009093610 A1 WO2009093610 A1 WO 2009093610A1 JP 2009050878 W JP2009050878 W JP 2009050878W WO 2009093610 A1 WO2009093610 A1 WO 2009093610A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- varieties
- stevioside
- sweetener
- parts
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 244000228451 Stevia rebaudiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N rebaudioside A Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N 0.000 title claims description 29
- 229940013618 stevioside Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N stevioside Natural products CC1(CCCC2(C)C3(C)CCC4(CC3(CCC12C)CC4=C)OC5OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C5OC6OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C6O)C(=O)OC7OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C7O OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000019202 steviosides Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N Stevioside Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000006092 Stevia rebaudiana Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000544066 Stevia Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 α-glucosyl stevioside Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001512 FEMA 4601 Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HELXLJCILKEWJH-SEAGSNCFSA-N Rebaudioside A Natural products O=C(O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)[C@@]1(C)[C@@H]2[C@](C)([C@H]3[C@@]4(CC(=C)[C@@](O[C@H]5[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)[C@@H](O[C@H]6[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O5)(C4)CC3)CC2)CCC1 HELXLJCILKEWJH-SEAGSNCFSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000016127 added sugars Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- HELXLJCILKEWJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N entered according to Sigma 01432 Natural products C1CC2C3(C)CCCC(C)(C(=O)OC4C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O4)O)C3CCC2(C2)CC(=C)C21OC(C1OC2C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)OC(CO)C(O)C1OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O HELXLJCILKEWJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019203 rebaudioside A Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003752 polymerase chain reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000021096 natural sweeteners Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QSRAJVGDWKFOGU-WBXIDTKBSA-N rebaudioside c Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@]1(CC[C@H]2[C@@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@](CCC3)(C)C(=O)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)CC3)C(=C)C[C@]23C1 QSRAJVGDWKFOGU-WBXIDTKBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019606 astringent taste Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007400 DNA extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001776 FEMA 4720 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000000340 Glucosyltransferases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010055629 Glucosyltransferases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000007984 Tris EDTA buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008122 artificial sweetener Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021311 artificial sweeteners Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005849 recognition of pollen Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002477 rna polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000021148 salty food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010011485 Aspartame Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005250 Chrysanthemum indicum Species 0.000 description 1
- UDIPTWFVPPPURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cyclamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)NC1CCCCC1 UDIPTWFVPPPURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004278 EU approved seasoning Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010073178 Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100022624 Glucoamylase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004670 Glycyrrhiza echinata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001453 Glycyrrhiza echinata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006200 Glycyrrhiza glabra Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017382 Glycyrrhiza lepidota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004378 Glycyrrhizin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000294411 Mirabilis expansa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015429 Mirabilis expansa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004384 Neotame Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012408 PCR amplification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010222 PCR analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- GIPHUOWOTCAJSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rebaudioside A. Natural products C1CC2C3(C)CCCC(C)(C(=O)OC4C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O4)O)C3CCC2(C2)CC(=C)C21OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1OC(C1O)OC(CO)C(O)C1OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O GIPHUOWOTCAJSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000006382 Ribonucleases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010083644 Ribonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004376 Sucralose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000246 agarose gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000538 analytical sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000605 aspartame Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010357 aspartame Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N aspartame Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003438 aspartame Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013574 canned fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012495 crackers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021438 curry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000625 cyclamic acid and its Na and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021185 dessert Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015071 dressings Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycyrrhetinic acid glycoside Natural products C1CC(C2C(C3(CCC4(C)CCC(C)(CC4C3=CC2=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)C2C(C)(C)C1OC1OC(C(O)=O)C(O)C(O)C1OC1OC(C(O)=O)C(O)C(O)C1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004949 glycyrrhizic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UYRUBYNTXSDKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycyrrhizic acid Natural products CC1(C)C(CCC2(C)C1CCC3(C)C2C(=O)C=C4C5CC(C)(CCC5(C)CCC34C)C(=O)O)OC6OC(C(O)C(O)C6OC7OC(O)C(O)C(O)C7C(=O)O)C(=O)O UYRUBYNTXSDKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019410 glycyrrhizin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008446 instant noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015094 jam Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008960 ketchup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940010454 licorice Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020094 liqueur Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010746 mayonnaise Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008268 mayonnaise Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013622 meat product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013536 miso Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019412 neotame Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HLIAVLHNDJUHFG-HOTGVXAUSA-N neotame Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCN[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 HLIAVLHNDJUHFG-HOTGVXAUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010070257 neotame Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019633 pungent taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019685 rice crackers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940085605 saccharin sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019643 salty taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001462 sodium cyclamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019408 sucralose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N sucralose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](Cl)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@]1(CCl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CCl)O1 BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000892 thaumatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010436 thaumatin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/14—Asteraceae or Compositae, e.g. safflower, sunflower, artichoke or lettuce
- A01H6/1488—Stevia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6888—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms
- C12Q1/6895—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms for plants, fungi or algae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
- A01H1/045—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection using molecular markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/12—Leaves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/30—Artificial sweetening agents
- A23L27/33—Artificial sweetening agents containing sugars or derivatives
- A23L27/36—Terpene glycosides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
- A23V2250/24—Non-sugar sweeteners
- A23V2250/262—Stevioside
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2300/00—Processes
- A23V2300/14—Extraction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/13—Plant traits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/156—Polymorphic or mutational markers
Definitions
- the present invention uses a plant belonging to the varieties of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, which has a very high content ratio of stevioside, and can continuously produce a plant having such a trait with the seed, and a seed obtained from the plant. And a method for producing ⁇ -glucosyl stevioside from these sweeteners.
- Stevia is a perennial plant of Chrysanthemum that originates in Paraguay, South America, and its scientific name is called Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni. Stevia contains ingredients that are more than 300 times sweeter than sugar, and is cultivated to extract these sweet ingredients and use them as natural sweeteners. As stevia sweetening ingredients, stevioside (C 38 H 60 O 18 ), rebaudioside A (C 44 H 70 O 23 ), rebaudioside C, D, E, zulcoside A and the like are known.
- ST stevioside
- RA rebaudioside A
- RA rebaudioside A
- ST has a sweetness of 300 times that of sugar, it is widely used in the food industry as a natural sweetener, and its sweetness is relatively similar to sugar, but has an unpleasant taste such as bitterness in the aftertaste compared to RA. It is known to remain.
- RA has a good quality sweetness and a sweetness degree 1.3 to 1.5 times that of ST, stevia sweetener having a higher RA content than ST is generally preferred. ing.
- the present inventors have performed breeding selection by repeating cross-selection from conventional varieties, obtaining Stevia varieties containing only a very small amount of ST with respect to RA, easy to grow seedlings with seeds obtained from these varieties, and New varieties that can continue to cultivate sweet ingredients were developed (see Patent Documents 1 and 2 below).
- the quality of sweetness is very subtle among tastes perceived by the tongue such as astringency and spiciness.
- ST is considered to have an unpleasant taste such as bitterness in the aftertaste when compared to RA, the quality and quality of sweetness are improved by increasing its concentration and purity, and the use as a sweetener Spread.
- the salty taste that can be felt as the aftertaste of ST can be masked by using it in a salty food. Further, it can be used as a fruit juice astringent, organic acid, and salts thereof as a masking agent, and ST sweeteners are required in the food field as sweeteners different from RA.
- a method for improving the sweetness of stevia extract by ⁇ -glucosylation and subsequent sugar chain adjustment is known (see Patent Document 3 below).
- the sweetener mainly composed of ⁇ -glucosyl stevioside obtained by such a method is characterized in that there is less interference of sweetness by sweet components other than ST, compared to general stevia extract.
- ST is the main component of stevia sweetener, so it is preferable to promote its use from the viewpoint of effective utilization of resources.
- the present inventors have repeated breeding selection from conventional varieties to improve varieties and obtain Stevia varieties that contain only a very small amount of RA with respect to ST. Successful development of varieties that can
- the stevia extract obtained from the dried leaves of the new Stevia varieties of the present invention has a low RA content and a high ST content
- a high-purity ST sweetener that is substantially free of RA can be obtained once recrystallized.
- an ST sweetener with improved sweetness quality can be obtained by enzymatic treatment of the extract.
- the first aspect of the present invention is a Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni variety that contains no more than 8 parts by weight of RA per 100 parts by weight of ST. For this reason, as described later, mating and selection are repeated to create a new plant belonging to the Stevia, Rebaudiana and Bertoni varieties containing no more than 8 parts by weight of RA with respect to 100 parts by weight of ST and using specific primers.
- the cultivar was identified by DNA analysis.
- a second aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a high-purity ST sweetener containing at most 8 parts by weight of RA per 100 parts by weight of ST, and the above plant or its dried leaves are treated with water or a water-containing solvent.
- the method for producing a sweetener is a method for recrystallizing a crude product obtained by extraction with
- a method for producing an ⁇ -glucosylated stevioside sweetener wherein the plant or the dried leaves thereof are extracted with water or a water-containing solvent, and the resulting crude product or the crude product is obtained.
- cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase is allowed to act on high-purity ST obtained by recrystallization of the product to add ⁇ to glucose.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is a method for producing an ⁇ -glucosylated stevioside sweetener having a sugar chain adjusted, wherein the sweetener obtained in the third aspect is ⁇ -1, such as glucoamylase.
- This is a method for preparing a sugar chain to be added by treatment with 4-glucosidase.
- the fifth aspect of the present invention is DNA analysis by the RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) method using specific primers as described later.
- the present inventors performed breed improvement by crossing and selection.
- the method for identifying the selected varieties is important.
- the method for identifying the selected varieties is important.
- the RAPD method is one of DNA analysis methods. When PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is performed using a plurality of primers, a DNA region sandwiched between the same or similar sequences as the primers used is amplified. In this method, the amplified DNA pattern is analyzed by electrophoresis.
- Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is a quaternary ammonium base with a long-chain alkyl group, and is used for nucleic acid isolation to form insoluble complexes with polyanions such as nucleic acids. can do.
- the means of discriminating varieties based on the difference in DNA is to isolate genomic DNA from the plant body by CTAB, remove ribonucleic acid (RNA), and PCR amplification product obtained by PCR using primer mix by agarose gel electrophoresis A distinction is made by the difference in the DNA fingerprints obtained. In the case of the plant of the present invention, it was confirmed that a characteristic base sequence was shown at the top of 210 bp as described later. Actually, the genomic DNA selectively precipitated for the plant body as a template is used as a template, and as a primer, for example, a forward primer: CACGCGGAACTCCTCGCACTCGACC Reverse primer: GCTGCATGCCTTGCATGCATGAAATC Was reacted at 96 ° C.
- the PCR product was fractionated by 6% denaturing polyacrylamide electrophoresis, stained with SYBR Gold, and visualized with a blue light transilluminator.
- polymorphic bands were detected at positions of about 190 bp and 210 bp, and the F1 type genotype was confirmed. It is confirmed that these bands are amplified with good reproducibility, and the plant body can be confirmed by a specific DNA band.
- the plant body and / or its dried leaves are extracted with water or a water-containing organic solvent, and then the extract is concentrated as it is, or, if necessary, a cation exchange resin or an anion exchange.
- a sweetener is obtained by concentrating and drying.
- Other conventional purification means such as decolorization can be appropriately applied to the method for producing the sweetener, and conventional means such as membrane separation, alcohol extraction and crystallization can be appropriately applied to the method for obtaining high purity ST.
- the crystallization method can be appropriately used by adding water as a crystallization solvent to an organic solvent such as ethanol or methanol.
- Other natural and artificial sweeteners, diluents and the like can be added to the obtained sweetener.
- Sweeteners obtained are candy, jelly, beverage, powdered beverage, instant noodles, jam, frozen dessert, chewing gum, Japanese confectionery, health food, chocolate, table sweetener, baked confectionery, delicacy, water-mixed food, lactic acid beverage, lactic acid bacteria beverage , Coffee drink, cocoa drink, tea drink, liqueur, wine, sherbet, cereal food, vegetable fiber-containing food, sauce, soy sauce, miso, vinegar, dressing, mayonnaise, ketchup, curry, soup, rice cracker, arare, bread , Biscuits, crackers, hot cakes, canned fruits, canned vegetables, meat products, fish paste products, salty foods, pickles, compound seasonings, palatability foods, cosmetics, etc.
- sweeteners such as thaumatin, sodium cyclamate, saccharin sodium, aspartame, sucralose, neotame, etc. it can.
- breeding process of varieties containing high concentrations of ST Breeding is performed by selection by crossing of conventional Stevia varieties. First, a cultivar SS containing ST at a higher concentration than the conventional product is crossed, and a cultivar SS-1 containing a relatively large amount of ST is selected from the obtained seeds. These are further artificially crossed, and varieties with lower RA concentrations are crossed from the resulting seeds, and 10 varieties containing less than 5 parts by weight of RA with respect to 100 parts by weight of ST are developed. However, one of the nine varieties had poor cold resistance, so the other nine varieties were selected as high ST varieties of F1ST-1 to F1ST-9. Sowing seeds obtained from these high STs, growing plants and analyzing the dried leaves obtained from them, confirming that there is no difference in sweetness components from high ST varieties, searching for their genes, Varieties having the same gene were designated as F1ST variety.
- the applicant has already completed an international deposit for the seed obtained from the F1ST variety according to the present invention (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Patent Biological Deposit Center: 1 1-1 Higashi 1-chome, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture) No. 6, July 13, 2007, accession number FERM BP-10870). Therefore, the plant body of the present invention can be easily obtained from the seeds of the F1ST variety related to the deposit. Stevia is self-incompatible, and it was not always possible to obtain the target plant from the seeds. However, in the crossing with the varieties selected according to the DNA test described in this application, the target plant is always selected. Obtainable. Further, if necessary, a plant body containing ST at a high concentration can be obtained very easily by mating with other Stevia species and selecting according to Example 1 described later. All of these plants are included in plants obtained from seeds of ST varieties deposited internationally.
- Example 1 From the seeds obtained by mating of varieties containing a relatively high concentration of ST, varieties containing a relatively high content of ST were selected in 2001 and artificially placed in a greenhouse in the Niimi factory of Morita Chemical Co., Ltd. The seeds obtained were sown in a greenhouse in Niimi Factory in March 2002, and the germinated seedlings were transplanted to a nursery pot. In early May, 500 seedlings with a seedling length of about 8 cm or more were planted in the factory field. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer components of 20 kg were applied per 10 ares and transplanted after 2 weeks. In the beginning of July, 10 kg each of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizer components were added as additional fertilizer.
- Comparative test 1 (May) In order to compare ST varieties with other varieties SN, in March 2006, 1500 seeds obtained from F1ST varieties and SN varieties were sown in a greenhouse in Niimi Factory, and germinated seedlings were used as seedling pots. In the beginning of May, 400 seedlings with similar growth were fertilized with 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizer components per 10 ares in a factory field, and transplanted two weeks later.
- DNA extraction was performed by the CTAB method, and about 0.2 g of leaves collected from each sample were frozen with liquid nitrogen in a mortar and crushed with a pestle.
- the ground sample is mixed with 0.5 ml of 2% CTAB solution (100 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 20 mM EDTA pH 8.0, 2% CTAB, 1.4 M NaCl, 1% PVP) in a 1.5 ml microtube at 30 ° C. Incubated for minutes.
- 0.5 ml of chloroform / isoamyl alcohol (24: 1) was added and stirred for 10 minutes, then centrifuged at 15000 rpm for 15 minutes, and the aqueous layer was transferred to another 1.5 ml microtube.
- PCR reaction was performed with the following reaction solution composition.
- the PCR cycle was reacted at 96 ° C. for 30 seconds, followed by 96 ° C. for 10 seconds, 65 ° C. for 30 minutes, 72 ° C. for 30 seconds 35 cycles, and further at 72 ° C. for 2 minutes.
- the PCR product was fractionated by 6% denaturing polyacrylamide electrophoresis, stained with SYBR Gold, and visualized with a blue light transilluminator.
- polymorphic bands were detected at positions of about 190 bp and 210 bp, and the F1ST type genotype was confirmed. These bands have been confirmed to be amplified with good reproducibility and are effective as identification markers.
- Example 2 Production of high-purity ST sweetener (1) Extraction In May and September, 2 g each of dried leaves obtained from F1ST1-9 varieties were mixed to make 18 g, and sweetness was felt with 20 times the amount of water. Extracted several times until no more.
- the anion exchange resin (Duolite A-4) is passed through a column packed with 20 ml of granular activated carbon and 5 ml of granular activated carbon, and then the passing solution is passed through a column packed with 100 ml of adsorption resin (Diaion HP-20) to remove the sweetening ingredients. Adsorbed, sufficiently washed with water and eluted with 300 ml of methanol.
- Table 3 shows the analysis results of the extracted and purified product.
- ST in the table is stevioside and RA is rebaudioside A.
- Example 3 Production of ⁇ -Glucosyl Stevioside Sweetener F1ST obtained according to Example 2, 4 g of each of the powder obtained in Example 3 and DE (starch degradation rate) of 10 as ⁇ -glucosyl saccharified product: After heating and dissolving 8 g of dextrin in 20 ml of water, cooling to 70 ° C., adding calcium chloride to 1 mmol with respect to the total amount of the substrate, adjusting the pH to 6.0, and adding cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase to 100 The unit was added and reacted at a temperature of 70 ° C. for 24 hours. Then, each reaction liquid was hold
- each filtrate was passed through a column packed with 100 ml of synthetic adsorption resin Diaion HP-20, washed thoroughly with water, and then eluted with 300 ml of methanol.
- the eluent is passed through a column packed with an anion exchange resin (Amberlite IRA-94), desalted and decolored, then concentrated and dried under reduced pressure, and the enzyme-treated ⁇ -F1ST which is ⁇ -glucosyl stevioside. 2.6 g and 2.5 g of enzyme-treated ⁇ -F1ST-CRY were obtained as white powders, respectively.
- Example 4 Preparation of Additional Sugar Chain 1 g each of enzyme-treated ⁇ -F1ST and enzyme-treated ⁇ -F1ST-CRY of Example 3 was 1% of the solid content with respect to the solid content. The mixture was added and reacted at a temperature of 50 ° C. for 5 hours. After the reaction, the enzyme was inactivated by heating to 95 ° C. for 30 minutes. After each reaction solution was filtered to remove suspended matters, each filtrate was passed through a column filled with 100 ml of synthetic adsorption resin Diaion HP-20, sufficiently washed with water, and then eluted with 300 ml of methanol.
- the eluent was passed through a column packed with an anion exchange resin (Amberlite IRA-94), desalted and decolored, then concentrated and dried under reduced pressure to add 0.7 g of ⁇ -F1ST with added sugar chain adjusted. , And 0.6 g of ⁇ -F1ST-CRY with added sugar chain adjusted, respectively, were obtained as white powder.
- the pale yellowish white powder obtained from the F1SN variety obtained in Example 2 was similarly treated with enzyme-treated ⁇ -SN.
- the sugar chain was further adjusted to obtain an added sugar chain-adjusted ⁇ -SN-CRY.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
ステビアの甘味成分としては、ステビオサイド(C38H60O18)、レバウディオサイドA(C44H70O23)、レバウディオサイドC、D、E、ズルコサイドA等が知られている。一般に栽培されているステビア品種では上記甘味成分の内ステビオサイド(以下、ST)が主成分で、ST100重量部に対してレバウディオサイドA(以下、RA)の含有量は40重量部程度、レバウディオサイドCの含量はそれよりやや少ない。しかし、品種によってはレバウディオサイドCを主成分とするものなどもあり、様々である。
例えば、本発明者らは従来品種から交配選抜を繰り返して品種改良を行い、RAに対してSTが極微量しか含有されないステビア品種を得、それら品種から得られた種子による、育苗が容易でかつ甘味成分内容を継続栽培できる新品種の開発をした(後記特許文献1、2参照)。
しかしながら、渋み、辛み等の舌で知覚される味の中でも甘みの質は非常に微妙である。RAと比較した場合苦み等の不快味が後味に残るとされているSTであっても、その濃度、純度を高めることにより雑味が除去されて甘味の質が改善され、甘味料としての用途が広がる。例えばSTの後味に感じる甘味質は塩性食品に使用することにより塩カドをマスキングすることができる。また、果汁の渋みや有機酸、その塩類のマスキング剤としての利用が可能であり、RAとは異なる甘味料としてST甘味料も食品分野で必要とされている。
また、αーグルコシル化とそれに続く糖鎖調整によりステビア抽出物の甘味を改善する方法は知られている(後記特許文献3参照)。かかる方法により得られるαーグルコシルステビオサイドを主体とする甘味料は、一般的なステビア抽出物に比べて、ST以外の甘味成分による甘味質の妨害が少ないことが特徴である。
もとよりSTはステビア甘味料の主成分であるから、その利用を促進することは資源の有効活用の観点からも好ましい。
また、ステビア植物の品種改良においては草丈、葉形だけではその識別が不可能であり、また、ステビア植物は自家不和合性により雑種化が容易に生じるため種子を用いた栽培では甘味成分を一定に保つのは不可能とされていた。
RAPD法はDNAの解析手法の1つであり、複数のプライマーを用いてPCR(ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応)を行うと、用いたプライマーと同一または類似の配列に挟まれたDNAの領域が増幅されるので、その増幅されたDNAのパターンを電気泳動で解析する方法である。また、セチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロミド(CTAB:Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide)は長鎖アルキル基をもつ第4級アンモニウム塩基であり、核酸のようなポリアニオンと不溶性の複合体を形成するために核酸の単離に利用することができる。
実際には、原料の植物体について、選択的に沈殿させたゲノムDNAを雛型とし、プライマーとして例えば
順方向プライマー:CACGCGAACTCCTCGACTCGACC
逆方向プライマー:GCTGCATGCTTGCATGCATGAAATC
を用いて96℃10秒、65℃30分、72℃30秒35サイクル、さらに72℃で2分間反応させた。反応後、PCR産物を6%変性ポリアクリルアミド電気泳動により分画し、SYBR Goldにより染色後、青色光トランスイルミネーターにて可視化した。その結果、供試した10品種では約190bpおよび210bpの位置に多型を示すバンドが検出され、F1タイプの遺伝子型が確認された。これらのバンドは再現性良く増幅されることを確認し、特定のDNAバンドにより植物体が確認できる。
育種は従来ステビア品種の交配による選抜にて行い、まず、STを従来品よりも高濃度で含有する品種SSを交配し、得られた種子から比較的STを多く含む品種SS-1を選択して、それらを更に人工的に交配し、得られた種子から、さらにRAの含有濃度の低い品種同士を交配し、ST100重量部に対してRAを5重量部以下しか含まない品種を10品種開発し、内1品種は耐寒性が悪いことから他の9品種をF1ST-1~F1ST-9の高ST品種とした。
これら高STから得られた種子を播種し、植物体を育成してそれらから得られた乾燥葉を分析し、甘味成分が高ST品種と差がないことを確認し、その遺伝子を検索し、同一遺伝子を有する品種をF1ST品種とした。
また必要ならば、他のステビア種と交配し、後記実施例1に準じて選別を行えば、STを高濃度で含有する植物体を極めて容易に入手することができる。これら植物体はすべて、国際寄託をしたST品種の種子から得られる植物体に含まれる。
実施例1
STを比較的高濃度に含有する品種の交配で得られた種子より、2001年にST比較的高含有する品種を選抜し、守田化学工業(株)新見工場内ビニールハウス内で人工的にかけ合わせ、得られた種子を02年3月に新見工場内のビニールハウスに播種、発芽した苗を育苗ポットに移植し、5月上旬に苗丈8cm程度以上の苗500本を工場内圃場に10アール当たり窒素、リン、カリの肥料成分各20kgを施肥し2週間後に移植した。7月上旬に追肥として10アール当たり窒素、リン、カリの肥料成分各10kgを追肥した。
9月上旬に全てを収穫し、その乾燥葉の甘味成分を分析し、ST100部に対してRAを8重量部以下しか含まないことを確認した。
ST品種との他品種SNとの比較のために、2006年3月にF1ST品種、SN品種から得られた種子各1500粒を新見工場内のビニールハウスに播種、発芽した苗を育苗ポットに移植し、5月上旬に生育の同程度の苗各400本を工場内圃場に10アール当たり窒素、リン、カリの肥料成分各20kgを施肥し2週間後に移植した。
甘味成分の測定は下記条件の高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより行った。
高速クロマトグラフィー分析方法
使用カラム リクロソルブNH2 5μ 4mm×250mm
流速 1.5ml/分
展開溶媒 アセトニトリル:水=82:18
測定波長 210nm
分析結果は次のとおりであった。
7月中旬に追肥を行い、9月上旬に各品種150本を地上部から刈り取った後、葉部を分離し、乾燥後平均甘味成分を測定し、分析試料とした。
分析結果は次のとおりであった。
<DNA抽出>
DNA抽出はCTAB法により行い、各サンプルより採取した葉、約0.2gを乳鉢中で液体窒素により凍結し、乳棒にて粉砕した。粉砕したサンプルは1.5mlマイクロチューブ中で0.5mlの2%CTAB溶液(100mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 20mM EDTA pH 8.0, 2% CTAB, 1.4M NaCl, 1% PVP)と混和し、65℃で30分インキュベートした。0.5mlのクロロホルム/イソアミルアルコール(24:1)を加え、10分間撹拌した後、15000rpmで15分遠心分離し、水層を別の1.5mlマイクロチューブに移した。さら等量の100%イソプロパノールを加え、15000rpmで15分遠心分離し、沈殿を75%エタノールでリンスした後、乾燥させ400μlのTEバッファーで溶解した。RNase溶液(1mg/ml)を1μl加え、37℃で1時間インキュベートしたのち、等量のTE飽和フェノールを加え混和してから15000rpmで30分間遠心分離した。水層を別のマイクロチューブに移し1/10量の3M酢酸ナトリウムと等量のイソプロパノールを加え、混和し15000rpmで30分間遠心分離した。得られた沈殿を75%エタノールで2回リンスしたのち乾燥させ50μlのTEバッファーに溶解しDNAサンプルとした。
得られたDNAサンプルを鋳型として下記の反応液組成にてPCR反応を行った。PCRサイクルは96℃で30秒反応させた後、96℃10秒、65℃30分、72℃30秒35サイクル、さらに72℃で2分反応させた。反応後、PCR産物は6%変性ポリアクリルアミド電気泳動により分画し、SYBR Goldにより染色後、青色光トランスイルミネーターにて可視化した。その結果、供試した10品種では約190bpおよび210bpの位置に多型を示すバンドが検出され、F1STタイプの遺伝子型が確認された。これらのバンドは再現性良く増幅されることを確認しており、識別マーカーとして有効である。
(1)抽出
5月および9月にF1ST1~9品種から得られた乾燥葉各2gをそれぞれ混合して18gとし、20倍量の水で甘味が感じられなくなるまで数回抽出した。陰イオン交換樹脂(デュオライトA-4)20ml、および粒状活性炭5mlを充填したカラムに通液し、次いで通過液を吸着樹脂(ダイヤイオンHP-20)100mlを充填したカラムに通して甘味成分を吸着させ、十分水洗後メタノール300mlで溶離した。溶離液を減圧下に濃縮し、乾燥して淡黄白色の粉末を得た。
(2)再結晶
上記の抽出精製物(F1ST品種5月、9月)各10gを10倍量の95%メタノールに加熱溶解した後に、4℃に6日間冷却放置し、得られた結晶を分離し、冷メタノールで洗浄後、減圧乾燥し、白色の結晶7.5gおよび7.4gを得た。
比較のためにSNからも同様の処理をしてそれぞれ白色の結晶(SN-CRY)4.6gを得、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(条件は実施例1と同様)でこれを分析した。
実施例2で得られたF1ST5月およびSN-CRYの粉末の各0.02%溶液を調製し、ステビア甘味料の味質に精通したパネラー10人により苦み、渋み、および甘味質を比較した。
実施例2に準じて得られたF1ST9月、実施例3で得られた粉末の各4gとα-グルコシル糖化物としてDE(デンプン分解率):10のデキストリン8gを水20mlに加熱溶解した後、70℃に冷却し、塩化カルシウムを基質総量に対して1mmolとなる様に添加すると共に、pHを6.0に調整して、シクロデキストリングルコシルトランスフェラーゼを100単位加え、温度70℃で24時間反応させた。その後、各反応液を95℃に30分間保持して酵素を加熱失活させた。
実施例3の酵素処理α-F1STと酵素処理α-F1ST-CRY各1gに市販のグルコアミラーゼ〔グルコチーム長瀬産業(株)製〕を固形分に対して1%添加し、温度50℃で5時間反応させた。反応後、95℃に30分間加熱して酵素を失活させた。各反応液を濾過して浮遊物を除去した後、濾液をそれぞれ、合成吸着樹脂ダイヤイオンHP-20を100ml充填したカラムに通し、十分に水洗を行った後、メタノール300mlで溶離した。溶離液は陰イオン交換樹脂(アンバーライトIRA-94)を充填したカラムに通し、脱塩、脱色を行った後、減圧下で濃縮、乾燥して付加糖鎖調整済みα-F1STを0.7g、および付加糖鎖調整済みα-F1ST-CRYを0.6g、それぞれ白色粉末として得た。
比較試験として実施例2で得られたF1SN品種から得られた淡黄白色の粉末を同様に酵素処理α-SN.さらに糖鎖調整して付加糖鎖調整α-SN-CRYを得た。
官能試験1と同様にして、酵素処理α-F1STと酵素処理α-SNの甘味質を比較した。
Claims (11)
- ステビオサイド100重量部に対してレバウデイオサイドAを多くとも8重量部しか含まないステビア・レバウディアナ・ベルトニー品種であって、RAPD法によるDNA解析において210bpの位置に特徴的な塩基配列を示す植物体。
- ステビア・レバウディアナ・ベルトニー品種(国際寄託番号:FERM BP-10870)の種子より得られる、請求項1の植物体。
- 請求項1に記載の植物体またはその乾燥葉を水、または含水溶媒で抽出することを特徴とする甘味料の製造方法。
- 請求項2に記載の植物体またはその乾燥葉を水、または含水溶媒で抽出することを特徴とする甘味料の製造方法。
- 請求項3に記載の方法により得られる甘味料から、ステビオサイド100重量部に対してレバウデイオサイドAを多くとも5重量部しか含まず、かつ純度が93%以上である高純度ステビオサイドを得る方法。
- 請求項4に記載の方法により得られる甘味料から、ステビオサイド100重量部に対してレバウデイオサイドAを多くとも5重量部しか含まず、かつ純度が93%以上である高純度ステビオサイドを得る方法。
- 請求項3に記載の方法により得られる甘味料からα-グルコシルステビオサイドを得る方法。
- 請求項4に記載の方法により得られる甘味料からα-グルコシルステビオサイドを得る方法。
- 請求項7に記載の方法により得られる甘味料から、付加糖鎖を調整したα-グルコシルステビオサイドを得る方法。
- 請求項8に記載の方法により得られる甘味料から、付加糖鎖を調整したα-グルコシルステビオサイドを得る方法。
- 下記のプライマー
順方向プライマー:CACGCGAACTCCTCGACTCGACC
逆方向プライマー:GCTGCATGCTTGCATGCATGAAATC
を用いてRAPD法によるDNA解析を実施し、請求項1のステビア・レバウディアナ・ベルトニー品種を選択する方法。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09703516A EP2245921A4 (en) | 2008-01-22 | 2009-01-21 | NEW <I> STEVIA </ I> VARIETY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SWEETENER |
CN2009801111403A CN102118964A (zh) | 2008-01-22 | 2009-01-21 | 新的甜叶菊变种和制备甜味剂的方法 |
US12/863,847 US20110023192A1 (en) | 2008-01-22 | 2009-01-21 | Novel stevia variety and method of producing sweetener |
JP2009550534A JPWO2009093610A1 (ja) | 2008-01-22 | 2009-01-21 | 新規ステビア種および甘味料製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008011756 | 2008-01-22 | ||
JP2008-011756 | 2008-01-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009093610A1 true WO2009093610A1 (ja) | 2009-07-30 |
Family
ID=40901118
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2009/050878 WO2009093610A1 (ja) | 2008-01-22 | 2009-01-21 | 新規ステビア種および甘味料製造方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110023192A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2245921A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2009093610A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20100106509A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102118964A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009093610A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9402411B2 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2016-08-02 | Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas Llc | Stevia blends containing rebaudioside B |
US9474295B2 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2016-10-25 | Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas Llc | Purification of Luo Han Guo extract |
US9609887B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2017-04-04 | Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas Llc | Sweetener compositions containing monk fruit extract and rebaudiosides A and B |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8318459B2 (en) | 2011-02-17 | 2012-11-27 | Purecircle Usa | Glucosyl stevia composition |
US9603373B2 (en) | 2011-02-17 | 2017-03-28 | Purecircle Sdn Bhd | Glucosyl stevia composition |
EP2966990A4 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-08-31 | Cargill Inc | STEVIAPFLANTS WITH INCREASED REBAUDIOSID D-CONTENT |
USPP27937P3 (en) | 2014-11-30 | 2017-04-25 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 107’ |
USPP27815P3 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2017-03-28 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 201’ |
CN110063257B (zh) * | 2015-01-23 | 2022-07-22 | 谱赛科美国公司 | 甜叶菊新品种及高rd、rm含量甜菊糖苷的制备 |
USPP28373P3 (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2017-09-12 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 129’ |
USPP28977P3 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2018-02-20 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 227’ |
MX2022003485A (es) * | 2019-09-24 | 2022-04-25 | Purecircle Usa Inc | Cultivar de stevia "320032" con contenido de rebaudiosido a superalto. |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS54147976A (en) * | 1978-05-12 | 1979-11-19 | Morita Kagaku Kogyo | Improving of solubility of stevia extracted and refined substance |
JPS5718779B2 (ja) * | 1977-06-13 | 1982-04-19 | ||
JPH02163056A (ja) | 1988-12-16 | 1990-06-22 | Sanyo Kokusaku Pulp Co Ltd | 高甘味糖付加ステビア甘味料及びその製法 |
JP2002171930A (ja) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-18 | Morita Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 甘味料組成物 |
JP2002262822A (ja) | 1997-01-30 | 2002-09-17 | Morita Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 種子栽培可能なステビア品種の植物体から得られる甘味料 |
JP2003009878A (ja) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-14 | Morita Kagaku Kogyo Kk | ステビア品種のdna鑑定による識別 |
WO2006093229A1 (ja) | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-08 | Morita Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. | ステビア甘味料 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10271928A (ja) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-10-13 | Morita Kagaku Kogyo Kk | ステビア・レバウディアナ・ベルトニーに属する新植物 |
US5972120A (en) * | 1997-07-19 | 1999-10-26 | National Research Council Of Canada | Extraction of sweet compounds from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni |
US6255557B1 (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 2001-07-03 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Ministerof Agriculture And Agri-Food Canada | Stevia rebaudiana with altered steviol glycoside composition |
-
2009
- 2009-01-21 KR KR1020107016411A patent/KR20100106509A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-01-21 EP EP09703516A patent/EP2245921A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-01-21 JP JP2009550534A patent/JPWO2009093610A1/ja active Pending
- 2009-01-21 CN CN2009801111403A patent/CN102118964A/zh active Pending
- 2009-01-21 US US12/863,847 patent/US20110023192A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-01-21 WO PCT/JP2009/050878 patent/WO2009093610A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5718779B2 (ja) * | 1977-06-13 | 1982-04-19 | ||
JPS54147976A (en) * | 1978-05-12 | 1979-11-19 | Morita Kagaku Kogyo | Improving of solubility of stevia extracted and refined substance |
JPH02163056A (ja) | 1988-12-16 | 1990-06-22 | Sanyo Kokusaku Pulp Co Ltd | 高甘味糖付加ステビア甘味料及びその製法 |
JP2002262822A (ja) | 1997-01-30 | 2002-09-17 | Morita Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 種子栽培可能なステビア品種の植物体から得られる甘味料 |
JP2002171930A (ja) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-18 | Morita Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 甘味料組成物 |
JP2003009878A (ja) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-14 | Morita Kagaku Kogyo Kk | ステビア品種のdna鑑定による識別 |
WO2006093229A1 (ja) | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-08 | Morita Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. | ステビア甘味料 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2245921A4 |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9402411B2 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2016-08-02 | Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas Llc | Stevia blends containing rebaudioside B |
US9474295B2 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2016-10-25 | Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas Llc | Purification of Luo Han Guo extract |
US10085473B2 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2018-10-02 | Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas Llc | Purification of Luo Han Guo extract |
US10583314B2 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2020-03-10 | Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas Llc | Stevia blends containing rebaudioside B |
US11801402B2 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2023-10-31 | Tate & Lyle Solutions Usa Llc | Stevia blends containing rebaudioside b |
US9609887B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2017-04-04 | Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas Llc | Sweetener compositions containing monk fruit extract and rebaudiosides A and B |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102118964A (zh) | 2011-07-06 |
KR20100106509A (ko) | 2010-10-01 |
JPWO2009093610A1 (ja) | 2011-05-26 |
US20110023192A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
EP2245921A4 (en) | 2011-01-26 |
EP2245921A1 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2009093610A1 (ja) | 新規ステビア種および甘味料製造方法 | |
JP5140755B2 (ja) | ステビア甘味料 | |
JP3436317B2 (ja) | ステビア甘味料の製造方法 | |
US20130347140A1 (en) | High Rebaudioside-A Plant and Methods of Producing the Same and Uses Thereof | |
US20170290285A1 (en) | High rebaudioside-c plant varietal and compositions extracted therefrom with high rebaudioside-c and total steviol glycoside content | |
CN110167950B (zh) | 新型甜菊醇糖苷及其制造方法,以及含有该物质的甜味剂组合物 | |
CN107820394A (zh) | 甜菊醇糖苷组合物 | |
Luwanska et al. | Application of in vitro stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) cultures in obtaining steviol glycoside rich material | |
CN110621686A (zh) | 新型甜菊醇糖苷及其制造方法,以及含有该物质的甜味剂组合物 | |
WO2021020516A1 (ja) | 新規ステビオール配糖体およびその製造方法、ならびにそれを含む甘味料組成物 | |
US20180042280A1 (en) | High rebaudioside-a plant varietal, methods of extraction and purification therefrom, of compositions with enhanced rebaudioside-a content and uses of said composition | |
CN107849081A (zh) | 甜菊醇糖苷组合物 | |
JP4776107B2 (ja) | ステビア品種のdna鑑定による識別 | |
JP2003164268A (ja) | 甘味料およびその製造方法 | |
US20160338396A1 (en) | High Rebaudioside-A Plant and Methods of Producing the Same and Uses Thereof | |
KR20220090329A (ko) | 거대배아를 갖는 삼광 유래 돌연변이 벼 품종 및 이의 용도 | |
BR112019013208B1 (pt) | Composto, composição de adoçante, alimento ou bebida, método para produzir o composto, uso do composto, e, agente de controle do sabor |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200980111140.3 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09703516 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20107016411 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009550534 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009703516 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12863847 Country of ref document: US |