WO2009089590A1 - Additif pour combustible - Google Patents
Additif pour combustible Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009089590A1 WO2009089590A1 PCT/AU2009/000050 AU2009000050W WO2009089590A1 WO 2009089590 A1 WO2009089590 A1 WO 2009089590A1 AU 2009000050 W AU2009000050 W AU 2009000050W WO 2009089590 A1 WO2009089590 A1 WO 2009089590A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fuel additive
- complex
- particles
- approximately
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940124447 delivery agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 dehazers Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium nitrate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ce+3].[Ce+3] DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000421 cerium(III) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007962 solid dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel additive.
- the present invention relates to a fuel additive that is effective even with high sulphur content in the fuel.
- Cerium oxide has been extensively used as a component in the catalyst of three-way converters for the elimination of toxic exhaust emissions in automobiles.
- the cerium oxide contained within the catalyst can act as a chemically active component, working as an oxygen store by the release of oxygen in the presence of reductive gases, and removal of oxygen by interaction with oxidised species.
- Cerium oxide may store and release oxygen by the following processes:
- Cerium oxide has also been used as an additive to be added to fuels.
- the cerium oxide provides a catalytic effect that has been found to reduce the emission of toxic exhaust gases.
- Addition of cerium oxide has also been found to improve the combustion of the fuel as it passes through an internal combustion engine. Due to improved combustion, far less pollutants are formed.
- cerium oxide is used as a fuel additive for diesel engines, an increase in efficiency of approx 10% has been achieved and a reduction in emissions of NOx gases of up to 65% has also been measured [ref Oxonica Website].
- WO 03/040270 (the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by cross reference) describes a fuel additive which comprises a particle of cerium oxide which has been doped with a divalent or trivalent metal or metalloid which is a rare earth metal, a transition metal, including a noble metal, or a metal of groups HA, IHB, VB, or VIB of the periodic table, and a polar or non-polar organic solvent.
- the doped cerium oxide particle described in this patent application may have the following formula:
- M is the metal or metalloid as described above, particularly Rh, Cu, Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Sb, Se, Fe, Ga, Mg, Mn, Cr, Be, B, Co, V and Ca as well as Pr, Sm, and Gd and x has a value of up to 0.3. Copper is particularly preferred.
- the doped cerium oxide particle may have following formula:
- M' is said metal or metalloid other than a rare earth
- RE is a rare earth
- y is one or 1.5 and each of n and k has a value up to 0.5, preferably up to 0.3.
- Copper is the preferred metal or metalloid.
- WO 2004/065529 (the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by cross reference) has a similar disclosure, but it relates to a method of improving the efficiency of a fuel for an internal combustion engine which comprises adding to the fuel prior to the introduction of the fuel to a vehicle or other apparatus comprising an internal combustion engine, cerium oxide and/or doped cerium oxide and, optionally, one or more fuel additives.
- the doped cerium oxides that may be used in the invention described in this patent application will have the formula Cei -x M x ⁇ 2 , where M is the metal or metalloid as described above, particularly Rh, Cu, Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Sb, Se, Fe, Ti, Ga, Mg, Mn, Cr, Be, B, Co, V and Ca as well as Pr, Sm, and Gd.
- M is the metal or metalloid as described above, particularly Rh, Cu, Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Sb, Se, Fe, Ti, Ga, Mg, Mn, Cr, Be, B, Co, V and Ca as well as Pr, Sm, and Gd.
- the fuel additive may be provided in the form of a product to be mixed with the fuel at the point of dispensing the fuel (for example, at a service station).
- the fuel additive may be poured directly into the fuel tank of a motor vehicle prior to or just after filling up the fuel tank of the motor vehicle.
- the fuel additive may be mixed with the fuel in the fuel storage tanks at the service station.
- the fuel additive mixed with the fuel at the point of production of the fuel, which is typically at an oil refinery.
- PCT/ AU 2007/0004808 the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by cross reference, we describe a material that is useful as an exhaust emissions catalyst.
- the present invention provides a fuel additive comprising one or more complex oxides having a nominal composition as set out in formula (1): A x B 1-y M y O n (1) wherein
- A is selected from one or more group III elements including the lanthanide elements or one or more divalent or monovalent cations;
- B is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 22 to 24, 40 to 42 and 72 to 75;
- M is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 25 to 30; x is defined as a number where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ l ; y is defined as a number where 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.5.
- the one or more complex oxides have a general composition as set out in formula (2):
- B, M, P, x and y are as set out in formula (1).
- A is selected from La, Ce, Sm and Nd
- A' is selected from Sr, Ba, and Ca
- B is selected from Ti, V, W and Mo
- M is selected from Cu and Ni.
- A is La and/or Ce
- A' is Sr
- B is Ti
- M is Cu and/or Ni.
- the complex oxide has the general formula as set out in formula (3):
- At least one of the complex oxide phases is a perovskite with a general formula (4): A ⁇ A' w B 1.y M y O 3 ( 4 )
- the perovskite component of the formula may suitably exhibit substantially homogenous and phase-pure composition.
- the complex oxide material may have an initial surface area greater than approximately 15m 2 /g, preferably greater than approximately 20m 2 /g, more preferably greater than approximately 30m 2 /g, and a surface area after aging for 2 hours at
- the complex oxide material may generally exhibit an average grain size of approximately 2 nm to approximately 150 run, preferably approximately 2 to 100 nm and has pores ranging in size from approximately 7 nm to approximately 250 nm, more preferably approximately lO nm to approximately 150 nm.
- the average grain and pore size of the complex oxide materials may vary, depending on the specific complex oxide selected.
- the complex oxide material may exhibit a substantially disperse pore size range.
- the complex oxide material of the invention may be formed by mixing precursors of the elements described above in the general formula (1) followed by appropriate heat treatment to form the target phases.
- the precursors may be of any suitable form such as salts, oxides or metals of the elements used.
- the precursor mixture may be in the form of a mixture of solids, a solution or a combination of solids and solutions.
- the solutions may be formed by dissolving salts in a solvent such as water, acid, alkali or alcohols.
- the salts may be but are not limited to nitrates, carbonates, oxides, acetates, oxalates, and chlorides. Organometallic form of elements such as alkoxides may also be used.
- Solid dispersions may also be used as suitable precursor materials.
- Various methods of mixing precursors to produce the complex oxide may include but are not limited to techniques such as, mixing and grinding, co- precipitation, thermal evaporation and spray pyrolysis, polymer and surfactant complex mixing and sol gel. Where necessary, the final phase composition is achieved by thermal processing following mixing.
- the heating step may be carried out using any suitable heating apparatus and may include but are not limited to, hot plates or other heated substrates such as used in spray pyrolysis, ovens stationary table furnaces, rotary furnaces, induction furnaces, fluid bed furnace, bath furnace, flash furnace, vacuum furnace, rotary dryers, spray dryers, spin-flash dryers.
- a homogeneous complex oxide is formed by the method outlined in US Patent 6,752,679, "Production of Fine-Grained Particles", the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by cross reference.
- a homogeneous complex oxide is formed, has nano-sized grains in the size range indicated and nano-scale pores in the size range indicated by using the method outlined in US Patent 6,752,679 and US Patent application 60/538867, the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by cross reference.
- a homogeneous complex oxide is formed, has nano-sized grains in the size range indicated and nano-scale pores in the size range indicated and uses an aqueous colloidal dispersion of nano-scale particles as one of the precursor elements by using the method outlined in US Patent 6,752,679 and US Patent application 60/538867 and US patent application 60/582905, the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by cross reference.
- the complex oxide is provided in the form of dispersed particles.
- the dispersed particles may have a particle size of up to 300nm.
- the dispersed particles may be formed by forming the complex oxide material in accordance with the methods as described in US Patent 6,752,679 or US Patent application 60/538867 or US patent application 60/582905 and subsequently grinding the complex oxide material to form dispersed particles. It has been surprisingly found that the agglomerated particles that are formed by the methods described in our US Patent 6,752,679 and US Patent application 60/538867 and US patent application 60/582905 are only loosely agglomerated and can be easily ground or milled to form dispersed particles.
- A is Ce
- B is Ti
- y is zero
- z is zero
- n is 4. This results in a complex oxide having the formula CeTiO 4 .
- the fuel additive in accordance with the present invention may further comprise one or more solvents.
- the one or more solvents may comprise an organic solvent.
- the one or more solvents may comprise a non-polar organic solvent or a polar organic solvent.
- the person skilled in the art will readily understand that a number of solvents may be used in the fuel additive in accordance with the present invention.
- the solvents are soluble in the fuel and act as a carrier or delivery agent for the particles of metal oxide.
- a number of other components may also be added to the fuel additive. These other components may include:
- the fuel additives of the present invention show enhanced resistance to deactivation or poisoning by sulphur.
- the fuel additive in accordance with the present invention is particularly suitable for adding to fuels, such as diesel fuel, at the manufacturing facility of the fuels (which will typically be an oil refinery) or at bulk storage facilities for the fuel.
- the present invention provides a method for making a fuel additive comprising the steps of forming a complex metal oxide of formula (1) as described above, the complex metal oxide being formed in the form of the agglomerated particles having nano sized grains, breaking the agglomerates of particles to form dispersed particles of complex metal oxide having a particle size of less than 300nm and adding said particles to a fuel.
- the method may further comprise the step of mixing the particles with one or more solvents.
- the solvent(s) are soluble in the fuel and act as a carrier or delivery agent for the particles of metal oxide.
- Other additives, as described above, may also be added to the fuel additive.
- the present invention provides a fuel additive comprising a solvent and one or more complex oxides having a nominal composition as set out in formula (1) above.
- the solvent(s) are soluble in the fuel and act as a carrier or delivery agent for the particles of metal oxide.
- the fuel additive may be in the form of a suspension or a dispersion of particles of the complex oxide in the solvent.
- the present invention also provides a fuel comprising a hydrocarbon-based fuel and a fuel additive as described herein.
- the hydrocarbon- based fuel may be diesel fuel.
- n will be a value that essentially balances the oxygen with the metallic species in the formulae.
- a complex metal oxide of the nominal formula La 0 gSr 0 2 T1O3 plus 10 w% CeO 2 was produced as follows.
- a solution containing all the required elements except Ti was made by mixing 45mls of water, 1Og of nitric acid, 46.29g of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, 5.66g of strontium nitrate and 7.57g of cerium nitrate hexahydrate.
- a complex metal oxide of nominal formula Lao.5Sro.25Tio.96Nio.O4On P ⁇ us ⁇ w% CeO 2 was produced using a similar method to Example 1. XRD analysis showed that the perovskite phase LaSr 0.5 Ti 2 O 6 and (Ce 5 La) 2 Ti 2 O 7 were the main types of phases present.
- a complex metal oxide of nominal formula LaQ.8SrQ.2 ⁇ 0.96 ⁇ 0.04 ⁇ n P ⁇ us ⁇ w ⁇ ⁇ ) CeO 2 was produced using a similar method to Example 1. XRD analysis showed that the perovskite phase LaSr 0.5 Ti 2 O 6 and (Ce 5 La) 2 Ti 2 O 7 were the main types of phases present.
- a complex metal oxide of nominal formula La 0 gSr 0 .2Tio . 93Nio.o 4 Cuo 03O 0 plus 10 w% CeO 2 was produced using a similar method to Example 1. XRD analysis showed that the perovskite phase LaSr 0 S Ti 2 O 6 and (Ce 5 La) 2 Ti 2 O 7 were the main types of phases present.
- a complex metal oxide of nominal formula LaTi 0 95Ni 0 0 4 O n P ⁇ us 10 ⁇ 0 CeO 2 was produced using a similar method to Example 1. XRD analysis showed that the perovskite phase LaSr 0 5 Ti 2 O 6 and (Ce 5 La) 2 Ti 2 O 7 were the main types of phases present.
- a complex metal oxide of nominal formula CeTi 0 96 Ni 0 04O 11 was produced using a similar method to Example 1. XRD analysis showed that the (Ce 5 La) 2 Ti 2 O 7 phase was the main type of phase present.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09702642A EP2247699A1 (fr) | 2008-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | Additif pour combustible |
AU2009204647A AU2009204647A1 (en) | 2008-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | Fuel additive |
JP2010542479A JP2011510122A (ja) | 2008-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | 燃料添加剤 |
US12/863,044 US20110010986A1 (en) | 2008-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | Fuel additive |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2008900211A AU2008900211A0 (en) | 2008-01-16 | Fuel Additive | |
AU2008900211 | 2008-01-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009089590A1 true WO2009089590A1 (fr) | 2009-07-23 |
Family
ID=40884999
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU2009/000050 WO2009089590A1 (fr) | 2008-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | Additif pour combustible |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110010986A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2247699A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2011510122A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2009204647A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009089590A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107573980A (zh) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-01-12 | 天津市职业大学 | 一种煤炭环保助燃剂及其制备方法 |
EP3553155A1 (fr) * | 2018-03-12 | 2019-10-16 | INDIAN OIL CORPORATION Ltd. | Nanomatériaux à base de pérovskite comme agent d'amélioration de combustion de carburants liquides et gazeux |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8883706B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2014-11-11 | The Clorox Company | Anionic micelles with cationic polymeric counterions systems thereof |
US8728454B1 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-20 | The Clorox Company | Cationic micelles with anionic polymeric counterions compositions thereof |
US8728530B1 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-20 | The Clorox Company | Anionic micelles with cationic polymeric counterions compositions thereof |
US8765114B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2014-07-01 | The Clorox Company | Anionic micelles with cationic polymeric counterions methods thereof |
US8883705B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2014-11-11 | The Clorox Company | Cationic micelles with anionic polymeric counterions systems thereof |
JP6892575B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-01 | 2021-06-23 | 天馬微電子有限公司 | 液晶表示装置 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2518537A1 (de) * | 1974-04-25 | 1975-10-30 | Du Pont | Katalytische stoffzusammensetzung mit perowskitkristallstruktur |
US20060254130A1 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2006-11-16 | Oxonica Limited | Cerium oxide nanoparticles as fuel additives |
US7169196B2 (en) * | 2001-11-06 | 2007-01-30 | Oxonica Materials Limited | Fuel or fuel additive containing doped cerium oxide nanoparticles |
US7195653B2 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2007-03-27 | Cerulean International Limited | Fuel additive |
WO2007115380A1 (fr) * | 2006-04-12 | 2007-10-18 | Very Small Particle Company Pty Ltd | Catalyseur d'émissions résistant au soufre |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3865923A (en) * | 1973-03-19 | 1975-02-11 | Ethyl Corp | Catalyst |
US3884837A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1975-05-20 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Catalyst containing a perovskite-like manganite |
US4001371A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1977-01-04 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Catalytic process |
US3897367A (en) * | 1973-10-10 | 1975-07-29 | Du Pont | Metal oxide catalytic compositions |
CA1066687A (fr) * | 1974-04-25 | 1979-11-20 | Alan Lauder | Compositions catalytiques a l'oxyde de baryum |
US4049583A (en) * | 1974-04-25 | 1977-09-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Metal oxide catalytic compositions having perovskite crystal structures and containing metals of the platinum group |
CA1066686A (fr) * | 1974-04-25 | 1979-11-20 | Alan Lauder | Compositions catalytiques d'oxydes metalliques |
US4126580A (en) * | 1975-04-08 | 1978-11-21 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Stable perovskite catalysts |
CA1077011A (fr) * | 1975-04-08 | 1980-05-06 | Elrey L. Mccann (Iii) | Oxydes de metal catalytiques sur supports de perovskite |
US4127510A (en) * | 1975-10-31 | 1978-11-28 | Johnson, Matthey & Co., Limited | Catalyst for the purification of an exhaust gas |
US4107163A (en) * | 1976-04-12 | 1978-08-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Perovskite-type compositions containing pentavalent Ru |
JPH01168343A (ja) * | 1987-12-22 | 1989-07-03 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 排気ガス用浄化触媒 |
YU47516B (sh) * | 1990-06-21 | 1995-10-03 | Ihtm-Oour Institut Za Katalizu I Hemijsko Inženjerstvo, Rj Kataliza | Perovskitni materijali, katalizatori i postupak dobijanja perovskita |
EP0532024B1 (fr) * | 1991-09-12 | 1998-08-12 | Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., | Catalyseur pour la réduction catalytique d'oxydes d'azote |
US5939354A (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 1999-08-17 | Catalytic Solutions, Inc. | Perovskite-type metal oxide compounds and method for preparing the compounds |
US5977017A (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 1999-11-02 | Catalytic Solutions, Inc. | Perovskite-type metal oxide compounds |
JP2001269578A (ja) * | 2000-01-19 | 2001-10-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 排気ガス浄化用触媒 |
US6752979B1 (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2004-06-22 | Very Small Particle Company Pty Ltd | Production of metal oxide particles with nano-sized grains |
US6351425B1 (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-02-26 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method and circuit for high voltage programming of antifuses, and memory device and computer system using same |
US6752679B1 (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-06-22 | Hoe King Lui | Double doll figurine |
-
2009
- 2009-01-16 WO PCT/AU2009/000050 patent/WO2009089590A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-01-16 JP JP2010542479A patent/JP2011510122A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-01-16 AU AU2009204647A patent/AU2009204647A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-01-16 EP EP09702642A patent/EP2247699A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-01-16 US US12/863,044 patent/US20110010986A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2518537A1 (de) * | 1974-04-25 | 1975-10-30 | Du Pont | Katalytische stoffzusammensetzung mit perowskitkristallstruktur |
US7195653B2 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2007-03-27 | Cerulean International Limited | Fuel additive |
US7169196B2 (en) * | 2001-11-06 | 2007-01-30 | Oxonica Materials Limited | Fuel or fuel additive containing doped cerium oxide nanoparticles |
US20060254130A1 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2006-11-16 | Oxonica Limited | Cerium oxide nanoparticles as fuel additives |
WO2007115380A1 (fr) * | 2006-04-12 | 2007-10-18 | Very Small Particle Company Pty Ltd | Catalyseur d'émissions résistant au soufre |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; Class E36, AN 1975-74485W, XP008140705, ACCESSION NO. ET AL. * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107573980A (zh) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-01-12 | 天津市职业大学 | 一种煤炭环保助燃剂及其制备方法 |
EP3553155A1 (fr) * | 2018-03-12 | 2019-10-16 | INDIAN OIL CORPORATION Ltd. | Nanomatériaux à base de pérovskite comme agent d'amélioration de combustion de carburants liquides et gazeux |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2011510122A (ja) | 2011-03-31 |
US20110010986A1 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
EP2247699A1 (fr) | 2010-11-10 |
AU2009204647A1 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2009089590A1 (fr) | Additif pour combustible | |
CN101247912B (zh) | 复合材料、复合材料基材、复合材料分散流体、及其制造方法 | |
CN109963648B (zh) | 基于铈和锆的混合氧化物 | |
RU2428248C2 (ru) | КОМПОЗИЦИИ, ПРИМЕНЯЮЩИЕСЯ, В ЧАСТНОСТИ, ДЛЯ УЛАВЛИВАНИЯ ОКСИДОВ АЗОТА (NOx) | |
CA2753726C (fr) | Composition de catalyseur et methode de fabrication | |
MXPA04004253A (es) | Nanoparticulas de oxido de cerio. | |
JP5821973B2 (ja) | 排ガス浄化触媒及びその製造方法 | |
US20170128881A1 (en) | Diesel oxidation catalyst with minimal platinum group metal content | |
JP7451533B2 (ja) | ジルコニア系複合酸化物、及び、ジルコニア系複合酸化物の製造方法 | |
US20080318765A1 (en) | Nanoalloys in emissions control after-treatment systems | |
KR101593683B1 (ko) | 복합 산화물 | |
Vinodkumar et al. | Investigation on the physicochemical properties of Ce 0.8 Eu 0.1 M 0.1 O 2− δ (M= Zr, Hf, La, and Sm) solid solutions towards soot combustion | |
WO2019003424A1 (fr) | Oxyde composite à base d'alumine et sa méthode de production | |
CN104525181A (zh) | 用于碳烟颗粒催化燃烧的催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
JPH09155192A (ja) | 排ガス浄化用触媒 | |
JP6325010B2 (ja) | アルミナ系複合酸化物及びその製造方法 | |
JPH10502020A (ja) | タンタル、バナジウム、ニオブ、銅又はアンチモンを基とする、窒素酸化物を減少させるための触媒組成物 | |
JP2006043683A (ja) | 触媒担体及びその製造方法、並びに排ガス浄化触媒 | |
JP2014128766A (ja) | 排ガス浄化用触媒 | |
CN111278555A (zh) | 废气净化用组合物 | |
JP2014121686A (ja) | 排ガス浄化用触媒 | |
JP6889012B2 (ja) | 軽油燃焼用ディーゼル酸化触媒、及びこれを用いたディーゼルエンジンの排ガス浄化装置 | |
JP5910486B2 (ja) | 排ガス浄化用触媒 | |
JP2003275580A (ja) | 酸素貯蔵材 | |
JP2014226646A (ja) | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09702642 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2010542479 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009702642 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2009204647 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20090116 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12863044 Country of ref document: US |