WO2009066751A4 - Procédé de culture, procédé de production, et appareil d'éclairage - Google Patents

Procédé de culture, procédé de production, et appareil d'éclairage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009066751A4
WO2009066751A4 PCT/JP2008/071195 JP2008071195W WO2009066751A4 WO 2009066751 A4 WO2009066751 A4 WO 2009066751A4 JP 2008071195 W JP2008071195 W JP 2008071195W WO 2009066751 A4 WO2009066751 A4 WO 2009066751A4
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
emitting element
led light
light emitting
plant
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Application number
PCT/JP2008/071195
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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WO2009066751A3 (fr
WO2009066751A2 (fr
Inventor
聖一 岡崎
Original Assignee
Okazaki Seiichi
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Publication date
Application filed by Okazaki Seiichi filed Critical Okazaki Seiichi
Publication of WO2009066751A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009066751A2/fr
Publication of WO2009066751A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009066751A3/fr
Publication of WO2009066751A4 publication Critical patent/WO2009066751A4/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a breeding method, a production method, and a lighting device, and more particularly to a breeding method by a lighting device in which a light emitter module capable of irradiating a plant with light is disposed on a substrate.
  • Patent Document 1 there is a lighting device used for growing plants.
  • the lighting device specifically described in Patent Document 1 includes a light emitting device such as a fluorescent lamp in which a light source is disposed so as to radiate light of two or more colors radially with respect to the central axis. Is rotated about the central axis as a rotation axis, and it is possible to select the wavelength of light to be irradiated to the object to be irradiated called a plant.
  • Patent Document 1 also shows that an LED is used instead of a fluorescent lamp.
  • the inventor of the present application has created a LED incubator for education site or research site as shown in FIG. 16 in addition to the plant cultivation LED illuminator for education site or research site as shown in FIG. There is.
  • the controller is also shown in FIG. 15 (B) and FIG. 16 (B), respectively.
  • Patent Document 2 As a lighting device using an LED, there is also one as shown in Patent Document 2.
  • the rotation mechanism is indispensable if it is rotated and irradiated with light of different wavelength, and there is not only structural restriction, but also the positional relationship between the light emitting device and the object to be irradiated. The constraints of were also large.
  • the plant-cultured LED illuminator and the LED incubator according to the inventor of the present invention are not for commercial use or mass production because they are devices for education and research.
  • so-called bullet type LEDs are used, and there are still insufficient points. That is, in the case of a bullet type LED, little light from the chip is collected by a dome lens to give directivity. As a result, if the directivity is made narrow because the intensity of light emission is insufficient, the direction of high luminance can be achieved, but in the case where a plurality of shell type LEDs are arranged by enlarging the device for commercial etc. There was also a problem that the unevenness of the light became apparent.
  • LED of the same color is arrange
  • the present invention uses a lighting device that can easily emit light of different wavelengths whose intensity is sufficiently high by the LED with more advanced power saving, and is also suitable for special applications such as cultivation of commercial plants.
  • the purpose is to provide a training method etc.
  • the invention according to claim 1 is a growing method by a lighting device in which a light emitter module capable of irradiating a plant with light is disposed on a substrate, wherein the light emitter module is configured to emit light of a first wavelength range. It has at least a first LED light emitting element that emits light and a second LED light emitting element that emits light in a second wavelength range, and the first LED light emitting element and the second LED light emitting element are adjacent to each other Light emitted from the first LED light emitting element at a predetermined timing, the light being emitted from the second LED light emitting element. Is irradiated to the plant, or the plant is irradiated with light by the first LED light emitting element and the second LED light emitting element emitting light.
  • the invention according to claim 2 is a production method for producing a natural fruit by growing a light emitter module capable of irradiating a light to a plant with a lighting device disposed on a substrate, wherein the light emitter module is At least a first LED light emitting element that emits light in a first wavelength range, and a second LED light emitting element that emits light in a second wavelength range;
  • the second LED light emitting element is disposed adjacent to each other and controlled independently of each other, and light is emitted to the plant by the first LED light emitting element emitting light at a predetermined timing, and the second light emitting element
  • the plant emits light emitted by the LED light-emitting element to the plant, or the plant emits light by emitting light from the first LED light-emitting element and the second LED light-emitting element, and photosynthesis of the plant
  • promote light morphogenesis to produce natural fruits
  • the invention according to claim 3 is a lighting device in which a light emitter module is disposed on a substrate, wherein the light emitter module comprises a first LED light emitting element for emitting light in a first wavelength range and a second wavelength And at least a second LED light emitting element for emitting light in the range, and the first LED light emitting element and the second LED light emitting element are disposed adjacent to each other.
  • the first LED light emitting element emits red light
  • the second LED light emitting element emits blue light and is disposed in the light emitter module.
  • the area ratio of the light emitting surface is adjusted to be 3 to 1 with respect to the number of the first LED light emitting elements and the number of the second LED light emitting elements.
  • the invention according to claim 5 is the device according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising control means for independently controlling the light emission of the first LED light emitting element and the light emission of the second LED light emitting element.
  • the directivity of light emission of the first LED light emitting element and the light emission of the second LED light emitting element is planar directivity.
  • the substrate has a substantially U-shaped cross section with a predetermined taper angle, and the light emitting module is disposed on the bottom of the substrate. Be placed.
  • the substrate is a metal base substrate.
  • the wavelength range in which the first LED light emitting element emits light is preferably in the range of 625 nm to 690 nm, further preferably 640 nm, from the viewpoint of photosynthesis and formation of light morphology.
  • the range of 660 nm is more preferable, and the wavelength range in which the second LED light emitting element emits is preferably in the range of 420 nm to 490 nm, and more preferably in the range of 460 nm to 470 nm.
  • the plant can be irradiated with red light having a large effect on photosynthesis, and the plant can be irradiated with blue light having a large effect on normal morphogenesis of leaves.
  • the light emitting module includes a first LED light emitting element for emitting light in a first wavelength range and a second LED light emitting element for emitting light in a second wavelength range. At least the first LED light emitting element and the second LED light emitting element are disposed adjacent to each other and controlled independently of each other, and the first LED light emitting element emits light at a predetermined timing. Irradiating a plant with light, irradiating the plant with light emitted by the second LED light emitting element, or irradiating the plant with light due to the first LED light emitting element and the second LED light emitting element emitting light; Thus, it is possible to easily obtain results in special applications such as cultivation of commercial plants by light of sufficiently different wavelengths with sufficient strength.
  • the plants are irradiated with light by emitting light from the first LED light emitting element and the second LED light emitting element to promote photomorphogenesis in addition to the photosynthesis of the plant to thereby produce a natural fruit. Can be produced, and a great effect can be obtained in commercial plant cultivation.
  • the first LED light emitting element for emitting the light of the first wavelength range and the second LED light emitting element for emitting the light of the second wavelength range to the light emitter module
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the role of light in regulating the life cycle of plants. It is the figure which showed the principle prototype of the plant cultivation LED illuminating device for light correction. It is the figure which showed the difference between the used red LED and another illuminating device. It is the figure which showed the table which put together the experimental result.
  • FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a growth apparatus as a usage example of a lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of FIG.
  • the growing device 5 is used in a vinyl house 1 as a facility.
  • the vinyl house 1 there are cultivated plants 3 extending in a row in the depth direction, and the necessary number of cultivating devices 5 are arranged above the corresponding rows of the cultivated plants 3.
  • the growing device 5 is supported by the support mechanism 6 for its arrangement.
  • the support mechanism 6 has a height adjustment unit 7, and the intensity of light to be compensated separately from natural light is adjusted so as to achieve a brightness of 80 Lux or more at a position 1.5 m away from a light emitter module described later .
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of a light emitter module of the growth apparatus of FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG.
  • the light emitter module 9 includes four surface-oriented LED light emitting elements 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d.
  • the size of this light emitter module 9 is about 1 cm square.
  • the surface-oriented LED light emitting elements 11a to 11c can emit red light, and the surface-oriented LED light emitting element 11d can emit blue light.
  • the wavelength of red light is usually adjusted to 660 nm, and the wavelength of blue light is usually adjusted to 470 nm. In addition, it mutually controls independently by the controller which abbreviate
  • the wavelength range of the red wavelength is preferably in the range of 625 nm to 690 nm, and more preferably in the range of 640 nm to 660 nm.
  • the wavelength range of the blue wavelength is preferably in the range of 420 nm to 490 nm, more preferably in the range of 460 nm to 470 nm, and is adjustable here in the range of 460 nm to 470 nm.
  • lenses 13a and 13b (the illustration of 13c and 13d is omitted in FIG. 4) for adjusting directivity are attached to each of the surface-oriented LED light emitting elements 11a to 11d. .
  • an aluminum housing 15 as a metal base substrate may be used, and the light emitter module 9 is attached to the bottom 15 a thereof via the circuit board 16.
  • the aluminum housing 15 not only dissipates heat emitted from the surface-oriented LED elements 11a to 11d, but also plays a role as a reflector. Therefore, not only the surface treatment for reflection is applied to the aluminum housing 15, but the side wall 15b is inclined so as to form a taper angle indicated by ⁇ .
  • the taper angle is the light intensity necessary for emitting light from the surface-oriented LED light emitting elements 11a to 11d, the distance to the cultivation plant 3, the spread of leaves of the cultivation plant 3, and the light necessary for the position of the cultivation plant 3. It is determined from the strength of
  • the surface-oriented LED light emitting device has a heat slug portion, and copper tungsten (CuW), aluminum nitride (AlN), diamond or the like may be used.
  • CuW copper tungsten
  • AlN aluminum nitride
  • diamond diamond
  • the directivity width is narrow, collecting and reflecting the cylindrical glass rod in the lower part
  • the device used for the purpose may be performed.
  • the red surface-oriented LED light emitting element may be disposed at the vertex position of the equilateral triangle, and the blue surface-oriented LED light emitting element may be disposed at the barycentric position thereof.
  • the ratio is set to 3: 1 as described above, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wavelength may be selected.
  • red and blue are shown as two colors, it may be a combination including other colors such as far-red, white, purple (red + blue), or may be capable of emitting three or more colors. .
  • FIG. 5 shows the role of light in regulating the life cycle of plants.
  • Red light ⁇ Far red light is effective light "action to induce germination, germination inhibition, growth regulation, morphogenesis such as stem extension ⁇ leaf area expansion, germination formation, pigment synthesis”, each The action and each phase of “germination, vegetative growth, reproductive growth, aging” are related.
  • “blue” becomes effective light “morphogenesis like stem extension, leaf emergence rate, leaf thickness, phototropism, stomatal opening, movement of chloroplast, flower bud formation such as flowering, It is an action called synchronization of the day-to-day rhythm and pigment synthesis, and each action is related to each period described above.
  • the corresponding ones of "phytochrome, cryptochrome, phototropin” are involved.
  • phytochrome plants such as seed germination, flower bud differentiation, flowering, cotyledon development, chlorophyll synthesis internode elongation etc via the function of pigment called phytochrome. It is said that the light morphogenesis, which is a qualitative change of the light, is induced by the weak light reaction and the strong light reaction. It is also said that chlorophyll synthesis under strong light is promoted by blue light and tends to be inhibited by red light.
  • red light of 640 nm to 690 nm is the largest for photosynthesis, and blue light of 420 nm to 470 nm is required for normal morphogenesis of leaves, and red light may be used depending on the plant species and growth stage. It is believed that there is an optimal ratio of blue light (R / B).
  • the inventor of the present application has made the R / B ratio to be a standard for plant cultivation 3: 1 as described above by the following experiment, in consideration of such a concept.
  • LH and PLT adopted a different illumination mechanism from the difference in the directivity of the surface-oriented LED light-emitting element (and also a reflector such as an aluminum plate).
  • the "PLT” side has broad directivity, and the “LH” side has narrow directivity, and a device to use a cylindrical glass rod for light collection and reflection is provided at the lower part.
  • the supplementary light went at night and at dawn.
  • 6 kinds of other LED irradiation areas LH red area, LH blue area, LH white area, PLT red area, PLT blue area, PLT white area
  • the distance is 5 m away from each other as a distance not affected by disturbances.
  • FIG. 7 shows the difference between the red LED used and other lighting devices.
  • a red LED is a preferable LED light emitting element when used for a lighting device suitable for plant cultivation as compared to other lighting devices.
  • lighting of 50,000 hours has also been confirmed in the experiment, and unlike the other light sources, there is also an effect that there is little fear of the ball breakage.
  • FIG. 8 is a table summarizing the experimental results.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph of data on the petiole length of FIG. 8
  • FIG. 10 is a graph of data on the petiole diameter of FIG. 8
  • FIG. 11 is a leaf of FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph of data on height
  • FIG. 12 is a graph of data on leaf width in FIG. 8
  • FIG. 13 is data on leaf circumference (leaf size) in FIG.
  • FIG. 14 is a graph of the sugar content of FIG. 8.
  • the green color of the leaves was darkened in the red and blue irradiation areas. Therefore, it can be said that photosynthesis has been activated.
  • the red light made the flower bunch rise faster.
  • red light was quick to color the fruit.
  • red light produced large and full fruit.
  • the blue light was in a low stock condition. Sixth, sugar content increased in all the irradiated areas. Seventh, it was effective in preventing stock fatigue.
  • acceleration of the photosynthetic rate makes it possible to shorten the time to harvest, which makes it possible to control the time of flowering, which is caused by morphogenesis. Because the growth is good, energy of the stock is increased, flower thinning is reduced, the number of harvested fruits is increased, and the yield is increased even in the same period. Furthermore, because photosynthesis is promoted, the amount of sugars from carbon dioxide and water also increases, and the sugar content of harvested strawberries also increases.
  • the above-mentioned embodiment demonstrated the breeding apparatus as an illuminating device, you may be used as an illuminating device for special applications, such as a fish catching lamp in a squid fishing rod.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de culture dans lequel est utilisé un appareil d'éclairage qui émet facilement des lumières suffisamment intenses à différentes longueurs d'ondes au moyen de DEL réalisant des économies d'énergie et qui peut être employé à des fins spécifiques, par exemple, pour la culture de plantes. Ledit appareil d'éclairage comprend un module émetteur de lumière (9) pour éclairer une plante (3) cultivée à la lumière. Ledit module émetteur de lumière (9) est monté au moyen d'une plaque de circuits intégrés (16) fixée au fond (15a) d'un logement en aluminium (15). Ledit module émetteur de lumière (9) est composé de trois éléments émetteurs de lumière DEL à surface dirigée (11a, 11b, 11c) qui émettent une lumière rouge dans une première région de longueur d'onde et un élément émetteur de lumière DEL (11d) qui émet une lumière bleue dans une deuxième région de longueur d'onde. Les éléments émetteurs de lumière DEL à surface dirigée (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) sont disposés de manière adjacente les uns par rapport aux autres et commandés de manière indépendante. La plante est éclairée par les lumières faisant office de lumières supplémentaires à des horaires prédéterminés.
PCT/JP2008/071195 2007-11-25 2008-11-21 Procédé de culture, procédé de production, et appareil d'éclairage WO2009066751A2 (fr)

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JP2007-303842 2007-11-25
JP2007303842A JP2009125007A (ja) 2007-11-25 2007-11-25 育成方法、生産方法及び照明装置

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WO2009066751A4 true WO2009066751A4 (fr) 2009-09-03

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CN102740681B (zh) * 2009-12-03 2013-06-12 株式会社顶石科技 植物栽培系统

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