Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
  • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
  • F21V29/502—Cooling arrangements characterised by the adaptation for cooling of specific components
  • F21V29/507—Cooling arrangements characterised by the adaptation for cooling of specific components of means for protecting lighting devices from damage, e.g. housings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
  • F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
  • F21K9/27—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes
  • F21K9/272—Details of end parts, i.e. the parts that connect the light source to a fitting; Arrangement of components within end parts
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
  • F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
  • F21K9/27—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes
  • F21K9/275—Details of bases or housings, i.e. the parts between the light-generating element and the end caps; Arrangement of components within bases or housings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
  • F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
  • F21K9/27—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes
  • F21K9/278—Arrangement or mounting of circuit elements integrated in the light source
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
  • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
  • F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
  • F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
  • F21V29/75—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with fins or blades having different shapes, thicknesses or spacing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
  • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
  • F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
  • F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
  • F21V29/76—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical parallel planar fins or blades, e.g. with comb-like cross-section
  • F21V29/763—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical parallel planar fins or blades, e.g. with comb-like cross-section the planes containing the fins or blades having the direction of the light emitting axis
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
  • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
  • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
  • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
  • F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
  • F21Y2103/10—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes comprising a linear array of point-like light-generating elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
  • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
  • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
  • Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a light, and more particularly to an LED light for a fluorescent lamp with a ballaster, in which allows the power of the ballaster, provided in a fluorescent lamp socket installed in advance, to be converted into a DC power required by LEDs and be supplied to the LEDs, and thus is used without separating the ballaster from the fluorescent lamp socket or installing another separate socket, and more particularly, to an LED light for a fluorescent lamp with a ballaster, which includes a substrate, on which LEDs are mounted, is a PCB made of aluminum, and a heat radiation plate to increase a heat radiating effect, or includes plural substrates, which are separately disposed and assembled, to be easily manufactured. Further, the present invention relates to an LED light for a fluorescent lamp with a ballaster, which allows some LEDs to be replaced with voltage attenuating elements, such as zener diodes, to easily adjust the intensity of illumination.
• a fluorescent lamp which is one of lighting fixtures, is a little dazzling to the eye and has a high luminous efficiency and a long life compared with an incandescent electric lamp, and thus is widely used.
• the fluorescent lamp uses gas or light generated by discharge of electricity in gas as a light source, and is obtained by injecting a small quantity of mercury vapor and argon gas to facilitate discharge of electricity into a vacuum glass tube, hermetically sealing the tube, and attaching electrodes to both ends of the tube.
• Such a fluorescent lamp has a small loss of heat compared with an incandescent electric lamp, and thus has a high luminous efficiency and a long life.
• the above fluorescent lamp is a kind of mercury discharge tubes having negative resistance characteristics, and includes a ballaster, which allows the lamp not to light up but induces the lighting up of the lamp when only power is supplied, and stably supplies the power to the lamp after the lamp has been lighted up.
• the ballaster applies a discharge-starting high voltage, required to light up the fluorescent lamp, to the lamp in an initial stage, and supplies stable voltage and current to the lamp after the fluorescent lamp has been lighted up.
• the fluorescent lamp uses the vacuum glass tube, as described above, the vacuum glass tube must be sufficiently sealed up in manufacturing, and thus causes many difficulties in manufacturing the fluorescent lamp. Further, the fluorescent lamp may not be lighted up unexpectedly, or flicker in case that the life of the lamp is exhausted.
• light generated from the conventional fluorescent lamp includes ultraviolet rays, which fade or deteriorate objects, and thus may spoil food, when the fluorescent lamp is used in a refrigerator.
• a circuit board of the conventional fluorescent lamp using LEDs uses an insulator other than a conductive metal. Further, the conventional fluorescent lamp using LEDs has an extremely low effect of emitting heat generated from the LEDs, and thus when the conventional fluorescent lamp using LEDs is used for a long time, the life of the conventional fluorescent lamp using LEDs is shortened due to the deformation of the external appearance of a housing, caused by the overheating of the inside of the closed housing by the heat generated from the LEDs, and the rapid lowering of the efficiency of the LEDs.
• the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an LED light for a fluorescent lamp with a ballaster, which does not require a vacuum state to be easily manufactured, reduces the generation of sudden defects, does not flicker at the last stage of the life, and is able to be installed in a conventional fluorescent lamp socket.
• an LED light for a fluorescent lamp with a ballaster which is inserted into a fluorescent lamp socket with the ballaster, comprising a luminous main body including at least one substrate provided with a plurality of LEDs connected thereto; converters to convert output power of the ballaster into DC power; a heat radiation plate including a substrate fixing groove, to which the luminous main body is fixed, formed on one surface thereof facing the luminous main body, and a plurality of heat radiation blades formed on the other surface thereof to emit heat generated from the luminous main body; and terminal caps respectively connected to conversion circuits of the converters, and fixed to both ends of the luminous main body such that electrode terminals to be inserted into the socket are protruded from the terminal caps.
• FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of an LED lightin accordance with the present invention, observed from the front;
• FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment of the LED light in accordance with the present invention, observed from the rear;
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the LED light of FIG. 2;
• FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 taken along the line A-A;
• FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a socket of the LED light of the present invention.
• FIG. 6 is a plan view of one embodiment of a substrate of the LED light ofthe present invention.
• FIG. 7 is a plan view of another embodiment of the substrate of the LED light of the present invention.
• FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the LED light of the present invention.
• FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of an LED light in accordance with the present invention, observed from the front
• FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment of the LED light in accordance with the present invention, observed from the rear
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the LED light of FIG. 2
• FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 taken along the line A-A
• FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a socket of the LED light of the present invention
• FIG. 6 is a plan view of one embodiment of a substrate of the LED light of the present invention
• FIG. 7 is a plan view of another embodiment of the substrate of the LED light of the present invention
• FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the LED light of the present invention.
• an LED light for a fluorescent lamp with a ballaster in accordance with the present invention is configured such that a luminous main body 1 including a substrate 11 provided with LEDs 12 mounted thereon is inserted into a socket provided with a ballaster 100 (with reference to FIG. 8) so as to supply power to the LEDs 12.
• the LED light of the present invention which is inserted into a fluorescent lamp socket with the ballaster 100 (with reference to FIG. 8), includes the luminous main body 1 including the substrate 11 provided with a plurality of LEDs 12 connected thereto, converters 2 to convert output power of the ballaster 100 (with reference to FIG.
• a heat radiation plate 3 including a substrate fixing groove 31, to which the luminous main body 1 is fixed, formed on one surface thereof facing the luminous main body 1 and a plurality of heat radiation blades 33 formed on the other surface thereof to emit heat generated from the luminous main body 1, and terminal caps 4 respectively connected to conversion circuits of the converters 2 and fixed to both ends of the luminous main body 1 such that electrode terminals 41 to be inserted into the fluorescent lamp socket are protruded from the terminal caps 4.
• the luminous main body 1 is configured such that a plurality of LEDs 12 is mounted on the lower surface of the substrate 11, i.e., one surface of the substrate 11, from which light is irradiated, as shown in FIGs. 1 and 2.
• a plurality of substrates 11, which are separately disposed, as shown in FIG. 6, may be used.
• the substrate 11 of the LED light of the present invention is a printed circuit board
• PCB made of aluminum.
• the conventional LED light uses an insulator as a substrate, and thus has a low effect of emitting heat generated from LEDs.
• a housing is overheated by heat generated from the LEDs and has a deformed external appearance, and the efficiency of the LEDs is rapidly lowered to shorten the life of the LED light.
• the LED light of the present invention uses a PCB made of aluminum having a high thermal conductivity to rapidly emit heat to the outside, and thus prevents the deformation of the housing or the lowering of the efficiency of the LEDs.
• a circuit pattern 13 to supply power to the LEDs 12 is formed on the substrate 11, as shown in FIGs. 7 and 8.
• the circuit pattern 13 of the LED light of the present invention includes a
• GND pattern and a Vcc pattern which are extended in the lengthwise direction along the edge of the substrate 11, LED connection parts 13a, short circuit parts 13b, and LED blocks 13c, which are formed between the GND pattern and the Vcc pattern.
• the LED blocks 13c are conductive patterns, which connect the plurality of LEDs 12 in series.
• the LEDs 12, prepared in the number of one to several tens, are connected in series.
• the number of the LEDs 12 connected in series may be varied according to kinds and capacities of the ballaster of the fluorescent lamp, and thus cannot be limited.
• the reason why the plurality of substrates 11 are separately disposed, as described above, is that the conventional fluorescent lamps have various lengths, for example, the maximum length of 1.2m.
• the substrate 11 In case that one substrate 11 is used to manufacture an LED light installed in a socket used in a fluorescent lamp having a long length, the substrate 11 has an extremely long length and thus may be easily deformed, and it is difficult to manufacture the substrate 11 having the long length. Thus, in this case, it is preferable that a plurality of substrates 11 is separately manufactured and then integrated by connection using soldering, as shown in FIG. 6.
• the plurality of substrates 11, which is separately manufactured, may be electrically connected using film cables or general sheathed cables, or be electrically connected by narrowing the gap between the neighboring substrates 11 and then directly soldering the substrates 11 only using lead.
• the front surface of the substrate 11 using a PCB made of aluminum, on which the LEDs 12 are mounted is painted or coated with a white color or another color, which easily reflects light, and thus causes light to be reflected to the outside, thereby maximally increasing luminous efficiency.
• the short circuit parts 13b serve to short-circuit the LED blocks 13c from each other, the LED blocks 13c and the GND pattern from each other, and the LED blocks 13c and the Vcc pattern from each other.
• film cables or sheathed cables may be used, or soldering with lead, which is widely spread, may be used. Further, a resistance of 0 Ohm is used as an electric element.
• the above selective electricity transmission of the short circuit parts 13b prevents the reduction of the life of the LEDs 12 due to current and voltage outputted from the ballaster, which exceed characteristics of the LEDs 12, and prevents the breakdown of the LEDs 12. That is, this structure of the short circuit parts 13b serves to selectively adjust the number of the connections of the LEDs 12 according to various kinds of ballasters.
• the embodiment of the present invention uses the LEDs 12 as lighting units, other modified embodiments may use non-radiative zener diodes, as a substitute of the LEDs 12, to adjust the amount of luminescence.
• the regular power which is supplied from the ballaster 100, must be consumed.
• the zener diodes are mounted on the substrate 11, as a substitute of the LEDs 12.
• the used zener diodes or electric components have the same size as that of SMD- type LEDs, or a mountable size, and in case that there is no suitable component, other- shaped components may be selected and used.
• the luminous main body 1 may include a first luminous unit Ia and a second luminous unit Ib, which are connected in parallel, and the converters 2 may be respectively disposed between the first and second luminous units Ia and Ib and the ballaster 100, as shown in FIG. 8.
• the first luminous unit Ia and the second luminous unit Ib are connected in parallel to form one luminous main body 1, and thus when any one of the first luminous unit Ia and the second luminous unit Ib gets out of order, the LED light can be operated by the other one of the first luminous unit Ia and the second luminous unit Ib.
• the converters 2, which supply rectified power to the above luminous main body 1, are respectively installed in the terminal caps 4, as shown in FIGs. 1, 2, and 5, and are constituted, as shown in FIG. 8.
• the insides of the terminal caps 4, in which the converters 2 are installed, are filled with a coating material 42 to protect the circuits, and portions of the terminals caps 4, from which the electrode terminals 41 are exposed, have an outer diameter smaller than that of portions of the terminal caps 4 connected to the luminous main body 1, such that the LED light of the present invention can be easily inserted into a conventional fluorescent socket.
• Each of the converters includes a bridge rectifying circuit 2a to convert alternating current (AC) supplied from the ballaster 100 into direct current (DC), a resistance 2b connected to an input terminal of the bridge rectifying circuit 2a in parallel, and a condenser 2c connected to an output terminal of the bridge rectifying circuit 2a in parallel.
• a diode of the bridge rectifying circuit 2a employs a diode for high frequency.
• An electronic ballaster outputs a high frequency (several tens of KHz) from commercial power of 60Hz.
• the high-frequency current and voltage pass through a fuse, which is installed to protect overvoltage, and are converted into DC by the diode.
• the diode may be broken due to heat generated from the components.
• it is preferable that a diode for high frequency is used.
• the condenser 2c is installed at the end terminal of DC converter, i.e., the output terminal of the bridge rectifying circuit 2a, in parallel, thus stabilizing the voltage.
• the configurations of the luminous main body 1 and the converters 2, serving as power supply units, of the LED lightof the present invention was described.
• the heat radiation plate 3, serving as a unit to radiate heat of the luminous main body 1, and two covers 5 and 6, serving as protection units, of the LED lightof the present invention will be described in detail.
• the heat radiation plate 3 and the covers 5 and 6 serve also to connect the luminous main body 1 and the converters 2.
• the heat radiation plate 3 serves to maintain the shape of the luminous main body 1 as well as radiate heat of the luminous main body 1 to the outside.
• the heat radiation plate 3 includes the substrate fixing groove 31, to which the luminous main body 1 is fixed, formed on one surface thereof facing the luminous main body 1, and the plurality of heat radiation blades 33 formed on the other surface thereof, as shown in FIGs. 1 and 2.
• Uneven parts 33a to increase the heat radiating effect are formed on the surfaces of the heat radiation blades 33 of the heat radiation plate 3. That is, in order to rapidly radiate heat of the substrate 11 transmitted to the heat radiation plate 3 to the outside, a large heat radiating area is required. Thus, a plurality of uneven parts 33a is formed on the outer surfaces of the heat radiation blades 33 to increase the heat radiating area.
• the heat radiation plate 3 fixes the front cover 5 and the rear cover 6, as described above.
• fixing protrusions 35 are respectively formed at both edges of the heat radiation plate 3, and are inserted into heat radiation plate insert grooves 53, which are respectively formed at both edges of the front cover 5.
• fixing blades 36 are formed on the heat radiation blade 33 among the heat radiation blades 33, which is vertical to the main body of the heat radiation plate 3, and areinserted into heat radiation plate insert grooves 63, which are formed at the center of the rear cover 6.
• connection method of the two covers 5 and 6 to the heat radiation plate 3 will be described in brief.
• the ends of the heat radiation plate insert grooves 53 are set opposite to the ends of the fixing protrusions 35, and then the front cover 5 is pushed toward the heat radiation plate 3 such that the fixing protrusions 35 are inserted into the heat radiation plate insert grooves 53.
• the embodiment of the present invention describes light diffusing uneven parts 52 formed on the inner surface of the front cover 5, the light diffusing uneven parts 52 may be formed on the outer surface of the front cover 5.
• the light diffusing uneven parts 52 diffuse light irradiated from the LEDs 12, and thus increase the intensity of illumination of the light.
• the rear cover 6 serves to cover the outer surface of the heat radiation plate 3 to prevent the heat radiation plate 3 from contacting the human body. In case that the rear cover 6 covers the whole surface of the heat radiation plate 3, the heat radiating effect of the heat radiation plate 3 may be lowered. Thus, as shown in FIGs. 1, 2, and 4, the rear cover 6 covers a portion of the heat radiation plate 3.
• the present invention provides an LED light for a fluorescent lamp with a ballaster, which includes a plurality of LEDs and thus does not require a vacuum state to be easily manufactured, reduces the generation of sudden defects, and does not flicker at the last stage of the life.
• the LED light is able to be installed in a conventional fluorescent lamp socket, and thus reduces a cost to install a new socket.
• the LED light includes plural LEDs, which are prepared in pairs and connected in parallel, and allows some LEDs to be replaced with non-radiative diodes, such as zener diodes, thus arbitrarily adjusting an intensity of illumination.
• the LED light can be driven with a small electric power and thus reduces a power consumption rate, and has a life, which is not reduced even by the frequently repeated switching operation and thus is able to be used for a long time.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Geometry (AREA)
• Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
• Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

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Cited By (27)

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Citations (4)

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• 2008
  • 2008-06-05 WO PCT/KR2008/003149 patent/WO2009035203A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2008-06-05 JP JP2009532307A patent/JP2010511971A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (4)

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