WO2009021702A1 - Verfahren zur verminderung der emission von aldehyden und flüchtigen organischen verbindungen aus holzwerkstoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur verminderung der emission von aldehyden und flüchtigen organischen verbindungen aus holzwerkstoffen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009021702A1 WO2009021702A1 PCT/EP2008/006584 EP2008006584W WO2009021702A1 WO 2009021702 A1 WO2009021702 A1 WO 2009021702A1 EP 2008006584 W EP2008006584 W EP 2008006584W WO 2009021702 A1 WO2009021702 A1 WO 2009021702A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- sulfite
- ammonium
- urea
- formaldehyde
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
- B27N1/003—Pretreatment of moulding material for reducing formaldehyde gas emission
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H8/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to processes for the production of wood-based materials
- these wood materials have a reduced emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and this particular aldehydes, but also formaldehyde. More particularly, the present invention relates to processes for the production of wood-based materials with reduced emission of volatile organic compounds and optionally
- compositions which are suitable in the treatment of wood materials, to reduce the emission of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds and their corresponding use.
- Lignocellulosic or lignocellulosic materials such as wood and wood pulp products, and derived timber products, such as wood-based panels, include, among others, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and very volatile organic compounds (WOCs), such as formaldehyde.
- VOCs volatile organic compounds
- WOCs very volatile organic compounds
- Volatile organic compounds are subsumed under all volatile organic substances whose retention time in the gas chromatogram lies between C6 (hexane) and C16 (hexadecane). Among the very volatile organic compounds, among others, formic acid and formaldehyde are counted.
- aldehydes as used herein includes not only the volatile compounds, but also all other aldehydes, especially formaldehyde, unless otherwise specified.
- Volatile organic compounds and very volatile organic compounds are dependent on the type and condition of lignocelluloses, such as Type of wood, the storage period, the storage conditions of the wood or the comminuted products of lignocelluloses, in different chemical composition and quantities.
- the VOCs derive from extractives of lignocelluloses, eg wood or transformation products. Prominent representatives of these are substances such as alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, delta-3-carene. Especially in the wood of the conifers, these components are found again. Conversion products which occur, for example, during storage and processing of the wood and the crushed products are, for example, pentanal and hexanal.
- softwoods which mainly produce chipboard, medium-density fiberboard (MDF) or OSB boards, contain large quantities of resin and fats which lead to the formation of volatile organic terpene compounds and aldehydes. Some of these substances are also formed by degradation of the main components of the wood, such as lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. VOCs and aldehydes, such as formaldehyde, may also be produced by the use of certain adhesives for the manufacture of wood-based materials.
- Adhesives currently used in the manufacture of wood-based materials such as OSB boards, medium density fiberboard, etc. include aminoplast adhesives such as urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives, melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde (MUPF adhesives) or melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives.
- aminoplast adhesives such as urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives, melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde (MUPF adhesives) or melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives.
- Other adhesives, like them typically used in wood-base materials include diisocyanate-based adhesives (PMDI), polyurethane adhesives, phenol-formaldehyde (PF) adhesives, and / or tannin-formaldehyde (TF) adhesives, or mixtures thereof.
- PMDI diisocyanate-based adhesives
- PF phenol-
- VOCs and the formaldehyde take place both during the production of the wood-based materials as well as after their production or in their application.
- partial chemical degradation of the wood may occur.
- volatile compounds such as aldehydes and acids, then emit during the later manufacturing process or later use of the produced wood materials. They can also have a negative influence on the bond strength and thus adversely affect the properties of the produced wood materials.
- a disturbance of the necessary pH which is, for example, between 5 and 6 for acid-curing aminoplast adhesives, or between 8 and 9 for alkaline-curing PF adhesives, or 6 to 8 for neutral-curing PMDI adhesives and the existing buffer capacity should therefore be avoided as far as possible. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to minimize the emission of aldehydes and VOCs over the entire time period, that is to say during the production and the later, longer use of the produced wood-based materials.
- the object is achieved by adding a special composition to the lignocellulose-containing comminution products in order, by reaction with the VOCs and the aldehydes, to modify them so that they no longer emit from the comminution products or from the wood materials produced from these comminution products.
- the resulting compounds are so high molecular weight that they are no longer volatile and thus no longer contribute in the long term to the VOC emissions or aldehyde emissions.
- the pH value and the buffer capacity of wood-based materials play an important role here. It is therefore important not only during the treatment but also in the finished wood-based material to maintain both the pH and the buffering capacity at appropriate levels, so that the lowest possible conversion to VOCs and aldehydes occurs during use of the wood-based materials.
- the pH should preferably be set in a range of 5 to 6 or 6 to 9, depending on the adhesive used. That e.g. in an optimum pH range, which is preserved by the addition of the additive according to the invention, not only is it possible to reduce the emission of VOCs, but this system also has no negative effects on the processing methods, such as precuring of the adhesive, insufficient curing, a lack of bonding quality etc., as they occur with changes in the pH.
- WO 2007/012350 A further disadvantage of WO 2007/012350 is the restriction to fibreboards, since the bisulphite is added to the wood chips before the refiner, while the present invention can be used for all wood-based materials. Another disadvantage of this method is the introduction in the refiner, since in this way the losses are particularly high by evaporation of SO 2 and by the Abpresswasser. While WO 2007/012350 relates exclusively to formaldehyde, it has surprisingly been found that the use of at least two components can also effectively reduce the emissions of volatile organic compounds.
- the addition of the additive takes place only after the comminution of the comminuted products, e.g. after the refiner at fibers.
- the application of the additives takes place immediately after the introduction of the adhesive. The additives thus do not serve to break up the wood.
- An essential advantage of the present invention is therefore the Stabilizing the pH and maintaining the buffering capacity to reduce the emission of VOCs and aldehydes such as formaldehyde.
- the groups i) to iv) are the following:
- Group i) comprises hydrogen sulphite salts, e.g. B. the general formula MeHSO 3 or Me (HSO 3 ) 2 , wherein Me is an alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium ion, such as sodium hydrogen sulfite, ammonium bisulfite, lithium hydrogen sulfite,
- sodium hydrogensulfite or ammonium hydrogensulfite in particular ammonium hydrogensulfite, as the hydrogensulfite salt.
- Sulfite salts include sulfite salts, e.g. B. Compounds of the general formula MeSO 3 or Me (SO 3 ) 2, wherein Me is an alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium ion 5 and optionally two Me ions are present, as in alkali or ammonium sulfites.
- Particularly suitable sulphite salts are sodium sulphite, potassium sulphite, magnesium sulphite, calcium sulphite, ammonium sulphite, very particularly ammonium sulphite.
- the components also have buffering properties and allow the pH of the wood material and also the cured adhesive to be stabilized, thereby avoiding hydrolysis of both the wood material and the adhesive. Sulfite, as well
- both at least one hydrogen sulfite salt and at least one sulfite salt are added to the comminution products.
- the salts used in this case are preferably ammonium hydrogensulfite and / or sodium hydrogensulfites or sodium sulfite and / or ammonium sulfite. Very particularly preferred is the use of a combination of ammonium sulfite / ammonium hydrogen sulfite.
- sulfite and hydrogen sulfite By a suitable combination of sulfite and hydrogen sulfite, it is possible to achieve the desired pH and to act as a buffer in this area.
- Equimolar mixtures of the sulfites / hydrogen sulfites advantageous to show a buffer capacity in the neutral range.
- a 1: 1 mixture of ammonium sulfite / ammonium hydrogen sulfite was particularly suitable.
- other combinations in the range between 1: 3 to 3: 1 are applicable, especially if it can be achieved by an optimal for the further process pH pH. This can be readily accomplished by appropriate measurements on the adhesive used (e.g., gel time measurements, cure time measurements).
- Group iii) comprises urea and urea derivatives, such as monomethylolurea, methyleneurea. Preference is given to using urea.
- Urea also reacts with formaldehyde to form mono- and dimethylolurea.
- This implementation is very slow and thus allows a long-term lowering of the level of formaldehyde in the wood materials.
- the use of urea alone is not meaningful because the reaction with formaldehyde is very slow and it is an equilibrium reaction, so that formaldehyde can be released at a later date again.
- a combination of a component of group iii) and at least one component from groups i) and ii) is added to the comminution products in the process according to the invention. Due to the different reaction times or reaction times of the added components with respect to formaldehyde and VOC both a changed short term as well as long term emission of VOC and formaldehyde and thereby the characteristics of the wood materials are optimized thereby.
- Group iv) includes alkali, alkaline earth and ammonium hydroxides.
- alkali alkaline earth and ammonium hydroxides.
- sodium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide are used.
- Other suitable hydroxides sodium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide are used.
- Hydroxides include potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide.
- This hydroxide component of group iv) is needed primarily to adjust the pH, but may be the hydrolytic degradation of acid hardening
- adhesives such as UF, MUF, MUPF adhesives.
- the at least one hydrogen sulfite salt is added in an amount of 0.1% by weight, based on atroscopic lignocellulose.
- the amount of hydrogen sulfite salt is preferably from 0.1% by weight to 5% by weight, based on at least one lignocellulose.
- the amount of sulfite salt is also at least 0.1% by weight, based on atro-lignocellulose, such as 0.1% to 5% by weight.
- the amount of urea is preferably in the range of 0.5 wt .-% to 5 wt .-% based on atro lignocellulose.
- the amount of alkali, alkaline earth and ammonium hydroxide is preferably in the range of 0.1 wt .-% to 3 wt .-% based on atro lignocellulose. 0
- the present invention furthermore relates to compositions, which is also referred to below as a scavenging solution, for the treatment of wood-based materials and for the reduction of the emission of volatile organic compounds Compounds (VOC) and aldehydes thereof, but also of formaldehyde comprising at least one component each of: i) bisulfite salt ii) sulfite salt optionally with the further addition of at least one component to iii) and / or iv): iii) urea and urea derivatives and iv) alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium hydroxide.
- VOC volatile organic compounds
- the sulfite or hydrogen sulfite salt are those derived from sodium and ammonia.
- the hydroxide compound is preferably sodium hydroxide.
- a further preferred embodiment relates to a composition of the type mentioned above, in which at least one hydrogen sulfite salt and sulfite salt are used in combination with urea and / or urea derivative.
- the scavenging solution can be used in the production of all wood materials, wherein the addition according to the inventive method
- : 0 expediently via standard equipment for binder dosing, such as Beleimtrommel, blow-line gluing or dry gluing takes place.
- standard equipment for binder dosing such as Beleimtrommel, blow-line gluing or dry gluing takes place.
- the addition of the solution to the mat via nozzles directly in front of the hot press is possible.
- the additive is not mixed with the adhesive, but before or after application of the adhesive crushing products
- thermosetting or thermosetting adhesives used in wood-based materials, such as PMDI.
- wood materials obtainable according to the method of the invention.
- wood-based materials are characterized by a reduced emission of volatile organic compounds, in particular the aldehydes including formaldehyde.
- aldehydes including formaldehyde.
- fibreboards such as HDF or MDF, or OSB boards.
- HDF plates were prepared, wherein in the wood-based materials according to the invention a 1: 1 mixture of ammonium sulfite solution (35%) and ammonium bisulfite solution (70%, 45% SO 2 ) directly via a separate nozzle in the blow-line was metered.
- a 1: 1 mixture of ammonium sulfite solution (35%) and ammonium bisulfite solution (70%, 45% SO 2 ) directly via a separate nozzle in the blow-line was metered.
- Table 1 the values obtained for the formaldehyde release are determined according to EN 120 and EN 717-2.
- Chipboard was produced according to known methods.
- a 1 1 mixture of ammonium sulfite solution (35% strength) and ammonium hydrogen sulfite solution (70% strength, 45% proportion of SO 2 ) was metered into the gluing drum via a separate nozzle. 4 kg of solution were used per 100 kg of adhesive. Furthermore, urea was added in an amount of 0.5% by weight to dry wood. Subsequently, the formaldehyde release of the samples was determined according to EN 120 and determined by the desiccator method according to JIS A 5908. Table 2 shows the values.
- OSB boards were produced, wherein a 1: 1 mixture of ammonium sulfide solution (35%) and ammonium hydrogensulfide solution (70%) in an amount of 1% on dry wood was metered into the comminution products in the > 5 inventive wood materials.
- This solution was added via the gluing layer (Coil, Canada) to both the strands of the top layer and the strands of the middle layer.
- the adhesive for the topcoat (MUPF adhesive) and the adhesive for the middle layer (PMDI) was metered via separate nozzles.
- Table 4 shows the results of a control plate which was not treated with the composition according to the invention.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL08785472T PL2176354T5 (pl) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | Sposób zmniejszania emisji aldehydów i lotnych związków organicznych z tworzyw drzewnych |
US12/671,821 US9012539B2 (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | Method for reducing the emission of aldehydes and volatile organic compounds of wood materials |
JP2010520476A JP5734651B2 (ja) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | 木質材料からのアルデヒド類および揮発性有機化合物の放出を低減させるための方法 |
CA2695827A CA2695827C (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | Method for reducing the emission of aldehydes and volatile organic compounds from wood-base materials |
ES08785472.5T ES2415730T5 (es) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | Procedimiento para reducir la emisión de aldehídos y compuestos orgánicos volátiles de compuestos de la madera |
CN2008801029705A CN101796141B (zh) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | 降低由木基材料排放醛和挥发性有机化合物的量的方法 |
BRPI0815337-0A2A BRPI0815337A2 (pt) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | Processo para redução da emissão de aldeídos e compostos orgânicos voláteis de materiais de madeira |
UAA201002644A UA100860C2 (ru) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | Способ уменьшения эмиссии альдегидов и летучих органических соединений из древесных материалов |
AU2008286355A AU2008286355A1 (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | Method for reducing the emission of aldehydes and volatile organic compounds of wood-base materials |
EP08785472.5A EP2176354B2 (de) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | Verfahren zur verminderung der emission von aldehyden und flüchtigen organischen verbindungen aus holzwerkstoffen |
RU2010108453/05A RU2470050C2 (ru) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | Способ уменьшения эмиссии альдегидов и летучих органических соединений из древесных материалов |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007038041A DE102007038041A1 (de) | 2007-08-10 | 2007-08-10 | Verfahren zur Vermeidung der Emission von Aldehyden und flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen aus Holzwerkstoffen |
DE102007038041.2 | 2007-08-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2009021702A1 true WO2009021702A1 (de) | 2009-02-19 |
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ID=39874082
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2008/006584 WO2009021702A1 (de) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-08-08 | Verfahren zur verminderung der emission von aldehyden und flüchtigen organischen verbindungen aus holzwerkstoffen |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9012539B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2176354B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5734651B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101796141B (de) |
AU (1) | AU2008286355A1 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0815337A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2695827C (de) |
DE (1) | DE102007038041A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2415730T5 (de) |
PL (1) | PL2176354T5 (de) |
PT (1) | PT2176354E (de) |
RU (1) | RU2470050C2 (de) |
UA (1) | UA100860C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2009021702A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2272644A1 (de) | 2009-07-06 | 2011-01-12 | Kronotec AG | Verfahren zur Verminderung der Emission von Aldehyden und flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen aus Holzwerkstoffen |
DE102012020842A1 (de) | 2012-10-24 | 2014-04-24 | Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Holzwerkstoffs |
JP2015533353A (ja) * | 2012-11-06 | 2015-11-24 | クロノテック・アーゲーKronotec AG | 木質材料からの揮発性有機化合物の放出を削減させるための方法、及び木質材料 |
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CA2722003A1 (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2011-05-23 | The University Of Maine System Board Of Trustees | Composite from hemicellulose extracted wood with improved performance and reduced emissions |
EP2607032B1 (de) | 2011-12-19 | 2020-01-22 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Verfahren zur Verminderung der Emission von flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen aus Holzwerkstoffen und Holzwerkstoffe |
PL2615126T3 (pl) * | 2012-01-16 | 2014-01-31 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Zastosowanie zmodyfikowanych nanocząsteczek w tworzywach drzewnych do redukcji emisji lotnych związków organicznych (VOC) |
PL2924058T3 (pl) * | 2014-03-28 | 2017-09-29 | Huntsman International Llc | Wzmocnione organiczne kompozyty naturalnego włókna |
WO2016061068A1 (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-04-21 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Polyurethane catalysts from sulfur based salts |
BR112017008202B1 (pt) * | 2014-11-14 | 2021-11-03 | Huntsman Petrochemical Llc | Dispersante, e, composição |
SI3147093T1 (sl) * | 2015-09-24 | 2019-02-28 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Metoda za zmanjševanje emisij hlapnih organskih spojin iz lesnih materialov in lesni material |
PL3178622T3 (pl) * | 2015-12-07 | 2018-12-31 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Sposób wytwarzania płyty drewnopochodnej o obniżonej emisji lotnych związków organicznych (voc) |
DE102017010363B3 (de) | 2017-10-10 | 2018-12-13 | Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og | Poröses Trägersystem zur Reduktion der Formaldehydemission in einem Holzwerkstoff |
WO2019097414A1 (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-23 | Daniele Tartaro | Method for producing a filter adapted to capture formaldehyde |
CN112277496A (zh) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-01-29 | 浙江创思杰印务有限公司 | 一种高性能润版液及其制备方法 |
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- 2008-08-08 ES ES08785472.5T patent/ES2415730T5/es active Active
- 2008-08-08 PL PL08785472T patent/PL2176354T5/pl unknown
- 2008-08-08 JP JP2010520476A patent/JP5734651B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-08 UA UAA201002644A patent/UA100860C2/ru unknown
- 2008-08-08 BR BRPI0815337-0A2A patent/BRPI0815337A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-08-08 WO PCT/EP2008/006584 patent/WO2009021702A1/de active Application Filing
- 2008-08-08 PT PT87854725T patent/PT2176354E/pt unknown
- 2008-08-08 US US12/671,821 patent/US9012539B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-08 RU RU2010108453/05A patent/RU2470050C2/ru active
- 2008-08-08 CN CN2008801029705A patent/CN101796141B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-08 CA CA2695827A patent/CA2695827C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-08 EP EP08785472.5A patent/EP2176354B2/de active Active
- 2008-08-08 AU AU2008286355A patent/AU2008286355A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP2272644A1 (de) | 2009-07-06 | 2011-01-12 | Kronotec AG | Verfahren zur Verminderung der Emission von Aldehyden und flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen aus Holzwerkstoffen |
EP2546039A2 (de) | 2009-07-06 | 2013-01-16 | Kronotec AG | Verfahren zur Verminderung der Emission von Aldehyden und flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen aus Holzwerkstoffen |
DE102012020842A1 (de) | 2012-10-24 | 2014-04-24 | Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Holzwerkstoffs |
WO2014064209A1 (de) | 2012-10-24 | 2014-05-01 | Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og | Verfahren zur herstellung eines holzwerkstoffs |
JP2015533353A (ja) * | 2012-11-06 | 2015-11-24 | クロノテック・アーゲーKronotec AG | 木質材料からの揮発性有機化合物の放出を削減させるための方法、及び木質材料 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2176354B2 (de) | 2016-11-09 |
UA100860C2 (ru) | 2013-02-11 |
CA2695827A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
ES2415730T3 (es) | 2013-07-26 |
US20110237713A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
JP2011506122A (ja) | 2011-03-03 |
BRPI0815337A2 (pt) | 2015-02-10 |
CA2695827C (en) | 2016-04-19 |
PT2176354E (pt) | 2013-06-07 |
PL2176354T3 (pl) | 2013-09-30 |
CN101796141B (zh) | 2013-01-23 |
ES2415730T5 (es) | 2017-08-11 |
AU2008286355A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
RU2010108453A (ru) | 2011-09-20 |
EP2176354B1 (de) | 2013-04-17 |
CN101796141A (zh) | 2010-08-04 |
DE102007038041A1 (de) | 2009-02-12 |
PL2176354T5 (pl) | 2017-12-29 |
RU2470050C2 (ru) | 2012-12-20 |
JP5734651B2 (ja) | 2015-06-17 |
US9012539B2 (en) | 2015-04-21 |
EP2176354A1 (de) | 2010-04-21 |
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