WO2009016176A1 - Inertisierungsverfahren zur minderung des risikos einer brandentstehung in einem umschlossenen raum sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens - Google Patents
Inertisierungsverfahren zur minderung des risikos einer brandentstehung in einem umschlossenen raum sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009016176A1 WO2009016176A1 PCT/EP2008/059934 EP2008059934W WO2009016176A1 WO 2009016176 A1 WO2009016176 A1 WO 2009016176A1 EP 2008059934 W EP2008059934 W EP 2008059934W WO 2009016176 A1 WO2009016176 A1 WO 2009016176A1
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- oxygen content
- inert gas
- gas layer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an inerting method for reducing the risk of fire in an enclosed space and to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
- German Patent DE 198 11 851 C1 describes an inerting device for reducing the risk and extinguishing fires in enclosed spaces.
- the known system is designed to reduce the oxygen content in an enclosed space to a pre-settable Grundinertisie- level, and in the event of a fire or if needed, the oxygen content rapidly lower to a certain Vollinertmaschinesmony, thus effectively extinguishing a fire at the lowest possible Storage capacity for inert gas bottles to allow.
- the known device has an inert gas system which can be controlled by means of a control unit and also a supply pipe system which is connected to the inert gas system and the protective space and via which the inert gas system provided by the inert gas system is provided.
- inert gas was supplied to the shelter.
- an inert gas is either a pressure bottle battery in which the inert gas is stored compressed, a system for generating inert gases or a combination of both solutions in question.
- the prevention or extinguishing effect resulting from the inertization process is based on the principle of oxygen displacement.
- the normal ambient air is known to be 21% by volume of oxygen, 78% by volume of nitrogen and 1% by volume of other gases.
- concentration of oxygen in the room is reduced by introducing inert gas or an inert gas mixture, such as nitrogen.
- inert gas or an inert gas mixture such as nitrogen.
- a extinguishing effect starts when the oxygen content drops below 15% by volume.
- further lowering of the oxygen content to, for example, 12% by volume may be required.
- the risk of fire in the shelter is also effectively reduced can be.
- base inertization level is generally understood to mean a reduced oxygen level in the room air atmosphere of the shelter as compared to the oxygen level of the normal ambient air, but this reduced level of oxygen does not in principle imply any endangerment to persons or animals from a medical point of view - with certain precautions - may enter the shelter.
- the setting of a basic inertization level which unlike the so-called “full inertization level” does not have to correspond to such a reduced oxygen content in which an effective fire extinguishment already occurs, primarily serves to increase the risk of a fire developing in the shelter Depending on the circumstances of the individual case, the basic inerting level corresponds to an oxygen content of, for example, 13% by volume to 15% by volume.
- full inertization level is to be understood as meaning a further reduced oxygen content in comparison to the oxygen content of the basic inertization level, in which the flammability of most materials has already been reduced to such an extent that they can no longer ignite, depending on the fire load present in the affected shelter the Vollinertmaschinesmen is usually at 11 vol .-% to 12 vol .-% oxygen concentration.
- warehouses are in demand whose storage capacity and storage condition can be adapted to the particular market situation in a particularly simple manner. This applies equally to inerting systems, which are often used as preventive fire protection in such warehouses.
- the object of the present invention is to specify an inerting system (method and device) for an enclosed space with which an effective minimization of the risk of the formation of a fire can be achieved via continuous inerting of the protective space and with which, on the other hand if necessary, preventive fire protection can be limited to spatially separated zones of the enclosed space without the need for physical separation.
- an inerting process of the type mentioned in the present invention that an inert gas or an inert gas whose gas density is different from the average gas density of the indoor air atmosphere of the enclosed space, is introduced into the enclosed space, that in the enclosed space without structural separation forms a gas layer consisting of a first gas layer, a second gas layer and a transition layer between the first and the second gas layer, wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer substantially corresponds to the oxygen content of the room air atmosphere, and wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer corresponds to a specific, compared to the oxygen content of the room air atmosphere reduced, adjustable oxygen content.
- the object underlying the invention is achieved with an inerting to reduce the risk of the formation of a fire in an enclosed space, which is provided according to the invention that the inerting at least one inert gas source for providing an inert gas or an inert gas and a with a control controllable supply and Auslassdüsensystem for introducing the Inertgasquelle provided by the inert gas or inert gas mixture in the ambient air atmosphere of the enclosed space, wherein the inert gas or the inert gas mixture has a gas density which is different from the average gas density of the room air atmosphere enclosed space, and wherein with the aid of the supply and Auslassdüsensystems in a controlled manner, the inert gas or inert gas mixture is introduced into the enclosed space such that in the enclosed space without structural separation one from a ers gas layer, a second gas layer and a lying between the first and second gas layer transition layer gas coating is formed.
- the device according to the invention is thus a possible realization by carrying out the inerting process according to the invention.
- the oxygen content in the zone of the first gas layer substantially corresponds to the oxygen content of the room air atmosphere.
- the oxygen content in the zone of the second gas layer corresponds to a specific, compared to the oxygen content of the room air atmosphere reduced, adjustable oxygen content.
- the products or goods to be stored can be accommodated without spatial separation and without costly insulation measures, so that the availability of the stored goods is always present, the oxygen content of the zones of the enclosed space to the fire and inflammation of the goods stored there is individually adjusted.
- flammable or flammable goods are to be accommodated in the zone of the second gas layer, in which a relative to the room air atmosphere reduced oxygen content is set, while heavy flammable or non-flammable goods can be stored in the zone of the first gas layer.
- goods are stored only in the zone of the enclosed space in which the second gas layer is formed, while in the zone in which the first gas layer is present, remains unoccupied. This is useful, for example, if all goods to be stored in the enclosed space are sensitive to fire or highly flammable, although the storage capacity of the enclosed space is not completely exhausted with the goods to be stored.
- the oxygen content in the zone of the first gas layer corresponds to the oxygen content of the room air atmosphere. Accordingly, an oxygen content of approximately 21% by volume is present in the first gas layer when the ambient air atmosphere at the time of formation of the gas stratification in the enclosed space has an oxygen content which corresponds to the oxygen content of the ambient air (ie approximately 21% by volume). equivalent.
- the enclosed space at the time of formation of the gas stratification is already permanently inertized at a Grundinertretescriterios.
- the zone in which the first gas layer is present would also have an oxygen content of 15 vol. -% exhibit.
- inert gas means any suitable gas that is chemically inert and has an oxygen displacement-based extinguishing effect.
- the sting effect achievable with inert gases occurs when it falls below the specific, material-dependent limits required for combustion
- the fire extinguishes even when the oxygen content is reduced to 13.8% by volume, for which the existing volume in the second gas layer of the room air atmosphere has to be displaced only by about 1/3 with the introduced inert gas, which corresponds to an inert gas concentration of 34
- a correspondingly higher inert gas concentration is required, which is the case, for example, with acetylene, carbon monoxide and hydrogen el argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or mixtures thereof (Inergene, Argonite) in question.
- gas density is understood to mean the density of a gas that can be determined according to the ideal gas law. Accordingly, the following applies to the gas density p ⁇ as:
- Table 1 shows an exemplary listing of the respective gas densities P G as of various inert gases, which can be used in pure form or as a mixture in the solution according to the invention, for example.
- Table 1 shows an exemplary listing of the respective gas densities P G as of various inert gases, which can be used in pure form or as a mixture in the solution according to the invention, for example.
- Table 1 shows an exemplary listing of the respective gas densities P G as of various inert gases, which can be used in pure form or as a mixture
- the running costs for providing a preventive fire protection and thus the logistics costs of a storage operator can be lowered sustainably, since as a preventive measure not necessarily the entire volume of space with an inert gas or an inert gas mixture must be permanently inertized. Rather, without any structural measures having to be carried out, spatially separated zones with different, pre-determinable oxygen contents or inerting levels are formed in the volume of space. As a result, significant storage advantages can be achieved because both fire-prone products and products at risk of fire can be accommodated in a warehouse (enclosed space) without physical separation and without costly insulation measures.
- the basic idea underlying the solution according to the invention can be seen in the physical stratification of gases of different specific density.
- Such gas stratifications are relatively stable and are ideally influenced, especially if no air flow or air circulation is provided in the enclosed space, primarily only by the diffusion flow of the gas particles present in the two gas layers.
- suitable measures which will be discussed in more detail below, it can be achieved that the diffusion coefficients of the respective gas particles are compensated accordingly, in order thus to maintain the gas stratification set in the enclosed space over a longer period of time.
- the transition layer that is to say the zone which exists between the first and the second gas layer, is the boundary layer provided between the two gas layers, the thickness of which is relatively small in relation to the thickness of the first and the second gas layer. In the transition layer there is a mixing of the gas particles present in the two gas layers, wherein this mixing is primarily due to the diffusion of the gas particles.
- the gas stratification formed in the enclosed space is regulated by introducing inert gas or an inert gas mixture into the second gas layer and by suitable removal gas from the second gas layer and / or from the transition layer is maintained. This is therefore a measure with which the gas stratification counteracting the diffusion current is compensated in an effective manner.
- a sufficient amount of inert gas is introduced into the second gas layer in a controlled manner, in order to ensure that the oxygen content in the zone of the second gas layer always certain, compared to the oxygen content of the room air atmosphere or the oxygen content of the second gas layer reduced oxygen content.
- the spatial limit of the gas stratification gas layers is maintained in a particularly effective, yet easily realizable manner.
- the temperature is determined either continuously in the zone of the first gas layer and secondly in the zone of the second gas layer, continuously or at predetermined times or events the determined temperature values of the zones of the first and the second gas layer are used to set a certain temperature difference between the zone of the first gas layer and the zone of the second gas layer and to maintain this temperature difference.
- both zones (layers) having different oxygen contents and zones (layers) having different temperatures can be formed and held.
- the lower layer of the two gas layers has a temperature lower than the upper layer of the two gas layers in order to achieve a temperature stratification, which is known to be extremely stable.
- the zone of the upper gas layer preferably the zone of the second gas layer
- the zone of the lower gas layer preferably the zone of the first gas layer
- the temperature stratification continues to be supported.
- the gas density p G as of the inert gas or the inert gas according to equation 1 above is inversely proportional to the temperature! T, so that in the case when the zone of the second gas layer in comparison to the zone of the first Gas layer has higher temperature, the density difference Apo a s between the inert gas used to form the second gas layer and the room air atmosphere forming gas is amplified.
- the temperature measurement referred to in the last-mentioned further development takes place in a known manner, wherein it is particularly advantageous for the respective temperature measurement values to be at different positions in the enclosed space or in space to record the respective zones of the gas layers formed in the enclosed space in order to allow the most accurate and in particular redundant temperature determination.
- the technical implementation for setting and maintaining the mentioned temperature difference between the first and the second gas layer can also be realized in different ways.
- the inert gas or inert gas mixture introduced into the enclosed space to form the gas stratification to be correspondingly heated or cooled beforehand in order thus to set a temperature in the zone in which the second gas layer is present, which is in comparison to the average temperature the zone of the first gas layer is higher or lower.
- other solutions are conceivable here as well.
- the oxygen content in the zone of the second gas layer is measured continuously or at predetermined times or events, and by controlled addition of inert gas or an inert gas mixture in the zone of the second gas layer, and by controlled removal of gas from the zone of the second gas layer and / or from the transition layer, the oxygen content in the zone of the second gas layer is maintained at the inerting pre-definable, and compared to the oxygen content of the zone of the first gas layer reduced oxygen content corresponds.
- the measurement of the oxygen content in the zone of the second gas layer is carried out in a conventional manner, in particular an aspiratively operating system is suitable in which preferably at a plurality of locations in the zone of the second gas layer via a pipeline or channel system, a representative subset of the atmosphere actively sucked second gas layer and this subset is then fed to a measuring chamber with a detector for detecting the oxygen content.
- an aspiratively operating system is suitable in which preferably at a plurality of locations in the zone of the second gas layer via a pipeline or channel system, a representative subset of the atmosphere actively sucked second gas layer and this subset is then fed to a measuring chamber with a detector for detecting the oxygen content.
- this inert gas or inert gas mixture has a specific gas density p G as which, at the same temperature, is different from the specific gas density p G as of the ambient air atmosphere.
- p G specific gas density
- argon, carbon dioxide or krypton or xenon or mixtures thereof as the inert gas, ie gases whose gas density p G as higher than the gas density of "normal" air or higher than the gas density of the room air atmosphere of the enclosed space is when the room air atmosphere at the time of formation of the gas stratification in the enclosed space has a chemical composition corresponding to the chemical composition of the normal ambient air.
- the temperature of the zone of the second gas layer in which the inert gas was introduced to form the gas stratification is lower than the temperature of the zone of the first gas layer, that is lower than the temperature of the ambient air atmosphere, it forms in the enclosed space a particularly well-developed and stable stratification, in which the zone of the second gas layer is below the zone of the first gas layer.
- inert gas for example, nitrogen, helium or a mixture thereof, ie a gas whose average gas density is lower than the gas density of air.
- inert gas for example, nitrogen, helium or a mixture thereof, ie a gas whose average gas density is lower than the gas density of air.
- the solution according to the invention be used not only as a preventive fire protection, but also as a measure to combat a fire can, is provided in a preferred development that preferably in the second gas layer continuously or at predetermined times or events at least one fire characteristic is measured, wherein in the case of detection of at least one fire parameter or fire by sudden introduction of inert gas preferably in the zone the second gas layer, the oxygen content in the second gas layer or in the entire volume of space is lowered to a Vollinert devissindi, which corresponds to a compared to the certain inerting even further reduced oxygen content, and in which the flammability of the stored in the zone of the second gas layer goods can be effectively prevented or in which an effective fire extinguishing is possible.
- fire characteristic is understood to mean physical quantities which are subject to measurable change in the environment of a fire, eg the ambient temperature, the proportion of solid or liquid or gas in the ambient air (formation of smoke in the form of particles or aerosols or steam) or the ambient radiation.
- the detection of the fire parameter preferably takes place with the aid of an aspirative intake pipe system, with which representative subsets, for example, the atmosphere of the second gas layer actively sucked and this subset is then fed to a measuring chamber with a detector for detecting a fire characteristic.
- an aspirative intake pipe system with which representative subsets, for example, the atmosphere of the second gas layer actively sucked and this subset is then fed to a measuring chamber with a detector for detecting a fire characteristic.
- the zone of the first gas layer is measured continuously or at predetermined times or events at least one fire parameter, wherein in the case of detection of a fire characteristic by sudden introduction of inert gas or an inert gas or of an extinguishing gas into the zone of the first gas layer, the oxygen content in the first gas layer is lowered to an inerting level which corresponds to a reduced oxygen content compared to the oxygen content of the room atmosphere, and wherein the ignitability of the goods stored in the zone formed with the first gas layer effectively prevented.
- the respective layer thicknesses ie the thickness of the zone of the first gas layer and the thickness of the zone of the second gas layer, are adjustable.
- the outlet nozzle system has at least one displaceable in the vertical direction outlet nozzle, so that the vertical position or position of the second gas layer, and thus the position or position of the first gas layer in the enclosed space adjustable is.
- the device according to the invention for carrying out the nertleitersvons further comprises a controllable via a control exhaust system to remove gas in a controlled manner from the second gas layer and / or in particular from the transition layer, while at the same time via the outlet nozzle system in the zone the second gas layer inert gas is tracked, whereby the oxygen content in the zone of the second gas layer is maintained at the inerting level, which corresponds to the determined oxygen content.
- FIG. 1 shows a first preferred embodiment of the inerting system according to the invention.
- Fig. 2 shows a second preferred embodiment of the inerting plant according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the inerting system according to the invention for reducing the risk of fire in an enclosed space 10, this installation being particularly suitable for carrying out the inertization method according to the invention.
- the system shown schematically in FIG. 1 has an inert gas source 20 for providing an inert gas or an inert gas mixture, which comprises, for example, an inert gas generator 20a, in particular a nitrogen generator and a gas cylinder battery 20b, in which an inert gas or an inert gas mixture is stored under high pressure.
- An inert air compressor 20a ' is connected to the inert gas generator 20a. Via a controller 15, the air flow rate of the ambient air compressor 20a 'is controlled accordingly. In this way, by means of the controller 15, the inert gas rate provided by the inert gas system 20a, 20a 'can be determined.
- the inert gas produced by the inert gas system 20a, 20a 'and / or the inert gas provided by the gas cylinder battery 20b is supplied to the space 10 to be monitored via the supply pipe system 17a; Of course, however, several shelters may be connected to the supply pipe system 17a.
- the supply of the inert gas provided with the inert gas source 20 is made via the outlet nozzles 17b, which are arranged at a suitable location in the space 10.
- the inert gas advantageously nitrogen, recovered locally from the ambient air.
- the inert gas generator or nitrogen generator 20a functions, for example, according to the known from the prior art membrane or PSA technology to produce nitrogen-enriched air with, for example, 90 vol .-% to 95 vol .-% nitrogen content.
- This nitrogen-enriched air serves as an inert gas, which is supplied to the space 10 via the supply pipe system 17a.
- the oxygen-enriched air resulting from the generation of the inert gas is discharged to the outside via another pipe system 13.
- the inert gas source 20 is connected to the enclosed space 10 via the supply line system 17a and the discharge nozzle system 17b.
- the outlet nozzle system 17b preferably has a plurality of outlet nozzles, which are arranged distributed in the illustrated embodiment in a horizontal plane in the interior of the space 10.
- the regulated supply of the inert gas provided by the inert gas source 20 into the ambient air atmosphere of the enclosed space 10 takes place by suitable activation of a control valve Vl in the supply line system 17a.
- control valve Vl can be appropriately controlled with the already mentioned control 15, so that the amount of the inert gas provided by the inert gas source 20 via the supply line system 17a and the outlet nozzle system 17b can be correspondingly regulated in the ambient air atmosphere of the enclosed space 10.
- nitrogen is used as the inert gas, for example, which has a gas density of 1.251 kg / m 3 under normal conditions.
- the outlet nozzle system 17b of the illustrated embodiment is designed such that it can be actuated by the controller 15 so that a transition layer consisting of a first gas layer A, a second gas layer B and an intermediate layer between the first and the second gas layer A, B is located in the enclosed space 10 without physical separation C forms existing gas stratification.
- the oxygen content in the zone of the first gas layer A substantially corresponds to the oxygen content of the ambient air atmosphere
- the oxygen content in the zone of the second gas layer B corresponding to a specific, compared to the oxygen of the room air atmosphere, adjustable oxygen content.
- the determined oxygen content in the zone of the second gas layer B is adjusted by the amount of inert gas introduced into the zone of the second gas layer B via the supply line system 17a and the outlet nozzle system 17b.
- the nitrogen used as inert gas is heated before being introduced into the enclosed space 10 compared to the mean temperature of the room air atmosphere of the room 10, consequently Specific density of the inert gas (nitrogen) is significantly lower compared to the specific density of the air present in the enclosed space before the introduction of the inert gas.
- the outlet nozzle system 17b is arranged in the upper area of the enclosed space 10 in the illustrated embodiment, first the upper area of the space 10 is flooded with the inert gas when introducing the preferably heated nitrogen into the enclosed space 10, while in the lower area of the room before the normal ambient air is present.
- the already heated two-layer gas layer can be formed in the enclosed space 10, the lower gas layer (first gas layer A) having an oxygen content corresponding to the oxygen content of the normal ambient air ( 21% by volume).
- first gas layer A having an oxygen content corresponding to the oxygen content of the normal ambient air ( 21% by volume).
- second gas layer B in which the oxygen content is reduced compared to the oxygen content of the normal ambient air or compared to the oxygen content of the first gas layer A.
- the oxygen content in the zone of the second gas layer B is set to an inerting level which corresponds to a certain, compared to the oxygen content of the first gas layer A, oxygen content, said inerting can be determined by a suitable supply of inert gas in the zone of the second gas layer B accordingly is.
- heated nitrogen is used as the inert gas.
- the inert gas source 20 it would be conceivable for the inert gas source 20 to be followed by a corresponding heating system 18 in order to heat the inert gas supplied by the inert gas source 20 to the supply line system 17a.
- the outlet nozzles 17b it would also be conceivable for the outlet nozzles 17b to be provided with corresponding heating elements in order to heat them accordingly when the inert gas is dispensed.
- the inerting system shown by way of example in FIG. 1 furthermore has an exhaust system 12, which is arranged in the transition layer C lying between the first gas layer A and the second gas layer B.
- the gas in the transition layer C is sucked off continuously or at events which can be defined by the controller 15, while fresh inert gas is simultaneously introduced into the zone of the second gas layer B via the outlet nozzle system 17b.
- a mixing of the two gas layers A, B is effectively suppressed.
- the exhaust system 12 has a suction nozzle system 12a arranged in the transition layer C and a fan 12b.
- the speed and / or the direction of rotation of the fan 12b can be controlled via the controller 15.
- a control valve V2 controllable by the controller 15 can also be arranged between the fan 12b and the suction nozzle system 12a.
- a suitable regulation of the rotational speed of the fan 12b a sufficient amount of gas is sucked out of the transition layer C via the suction nozzle system to maintain the gas stratification and discharged to the outside.
- Transition layer C and fresh air can be supplied.
- the two formed in the enclosed space 10 gas layers A, B have different temperatures, a particularly stable gas stratification is achieved.
- This temperature difference can be maintained for a long time by suitable heating or cooling elements arranged in the space 10 or in the respective zones of the gas layers A, B.
- These heating or cooling elements (not explicitly illustrated in FIG. 1) arranged in the respective zones of the gas layers A, B are preferably suitably controlled via the controller 15.
- the suction 12 and in detail the Absaugdüsensystem 12a is made displaceable in the vertical direction, thus the layer thickness of the zone of the second gas layer B and in this context, the layer thickness of the zone Adjust first gas layer A as needed. It can be seen that in a case where the exhaust system 12 is located in the upper portion of the room 10, the zone of the second gas layer B becomes correspondingly thinner than when the exhaust system 12 is in the lower portion of the room 10.
- the exhaust nozzle system 12a is located approximately in the center of the enclosed space 10, which is advantageous in that the lower portion of the space 10 in which the first gas layer A is formed is not affected by the introduced inert gas. so that, for example, a door 9, the free accessibility of the room 10 is possible.
- the illustrated preferred embodiment of the inerting system is not only suitable as a preventive fire protection in the upper area of the room. Rather, in the illustrated embodiment, it is also possible to lower the room air atmosphere to a basic inerting level prior to forming the gas stratification by correspondingly lowering the oxygen content in the entire room 10, for example by introducing an inert gas relative to the oxygen content of the normal air. After the formation of the two gas layers A, B, the zone of the first gas layer A then has an oxygen content which is reduced compared to the normal ambient air, the zone of the second gas layer B containing an even further reduced oxygen content.
- a further inert gas system (not shown in FIG.
- the inert gas used here should have a specific gas density which is different from the gas density of the inert gas used for forming the gas stratification. It would be conceivable to use either different inert gases and / or inert gases with different temperatures.
- a nozzle system 17b is used as the outlet nozzle system for continuously inerting the entire space, which is designed to distribute the introduced inert gas as uniformly as possible in the ambient air atmosphere.
- a nozzle system 17b is used as the outlet nozzle system for continuously inerting the entire space, which is designed to distribute the introduced inert gas as uniformly as possible in the ambient air atmosphere.
- the system further comprises at least one oxygen measuring device 19 for detecting the oxygen content in the ambient air atmosphere of the enclosed space 10.
- an oxygen measuring device 19 is provided both in the zone of the first gas layer A and in the zone of the second gas layer B. These oxygen measuring devices 19 are preferably designed as an aspirative system.
- the inerting system is suitable not only as a preventive fire protection, but also as a measure to combat a fire
- in the zone of the first gas layer A and in the zone of the second gas layer B continuously or at predetermined times or Events is measured on each one at least one fire parameter, wherein in the case of detection of at least one fire characteristic by preferably sudden introduction of inert gas into the zone of the second gas layer B, the oxygen content in this gas layer is lowered to a Vollinertmaschineswill.
- a detection of at least one fire characteristic is performed, and that in case of fire in the zone of the first gas layer B appropriate measures are provided.
- the system is additionally equipped with a fire detection system 16 for detecting at least one fire parameter in the indoor air atmosphere of the enclosed space 10.
- the fire detection system 16 is preferably aspirative Executed system which extracts the representative of the atmosphere of the first gas layer A on the one hand and the atmosphere of the second gas layer B on the other hand representative air and gas samples and (not explicitly shown in Fig. 1) detector for at least one fire characteristic.
- The preferably continuously or at predetermined times or events emitted by the fire detection device 16 to the controller 15 signals from the controller 15 - optionally after further processing or evaluation of these - used, for example, to control the control valve Vl accordingly.
- the control 15 emits a corresponding signal for this purpose when a fire in the enclosed space 10 is detected by the fire detection device 16.
- FIG. 2 shows a second preferred embodiment of the inerting system according to the invention.
- This embodiment comprises as inert gas source 20 on the one hand an inert gas generator 20a, which is connected to an ambient air compressor 20a '.
- the control 15 controls the air flow rate of the ambient air compressor 20a ', in order to set the inert gas rate provided by the inert gas system 20a, 20a'.
- a gas cylinder battery or a pressure vessel 20b is provided in the system shown in Fig. 2, in which liquefied CO 2 is stored as an inert gas.
- the gas cylinder battery 20b which can of course also be embodied as a liquefied gas tank, is connected to the supply pipe system 17a via a 3-way valve V1 that can be activated by the controller 15.
- the inert gas (nitrogen-enriched air) produced by the inert gas system 20a, 20a ' can be supplied to the enclosed space 10 via the supply pipe system 17a.
- the gas cylinder battery 20b is connected to the enclosed space 10 via a separate supply pipe system.
- the first inert gas used here is the nitrogen-enriched air provided with the aid of the inert gas system 20a, 20a '.
- This nitrogen-enriched air is preferably used to set in the room air atmosphere of the enclosed space 10 a Treasureinertmaschine at which the flammability of most stored in the space 10 goods is already significantly reduced.
- a Grundinertmaschines For this permanent inerting For example, a Grundinertmaschinesmay with an oxygen content of z. B. 15% by volume in question.
- the basic inerting level permanently set in the room 10, for example, is monitored continuously or at predeterminable times or events with the aid of the controller 15 and the oxygen measuring device 19. If, for example, as a result of leaks in the enclosure of the enclosed space 10 or due to a (intentional or unwanted) air exchange after setting the Grundinertleitersims the oxygen content in the room air atmosphere of the room 10 increases again, the controller 15 outputs a corresponding drive signal to the inert gas system 20a, 20a 'off.
- the inert gas system 20a, 20a 'then feeds nitrogen-enriched air into the piping system 17a.
- these nitrogen-enriched air fed into the pipeline system 17a is thus introduced into the space 10.
- the tracking of further nitrogen-enriched air takes place until it is detected via the oxygen measuring device 19 that the oxygen content in the ambient air atmosphere is lowered again to the desired basic inerting level.
- a gas stratification with different oxygen contents is set in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in that the CO 2 stored in the gas cylinder battery 20 b is preferably introduced into the lower region of the space 10.
- the CO 2 is introduced into the space 10 after an inerting level (eg, a baseline or full inertization level) has already been set by the previously described introduction of nitrogen-enriched air.
- an inerting level eg, a baseline or full inertization level
- the controller 15 controls the control valve Vl arranged in the supply line system 17a accordingly. Since (gaseous) CO 2 has a density of 1.977 kg / m 3 and is thus significantly heavier than, for example, normal air and heavier than nitrogen, a so-called “CO 2 - forms when CO 2 is introduced into the lower area of the enclosed space 10. see “, ie a gas stratification B in the lower section of space 10 in which an increased concentration of CO 2 and thus, in comparison to the oxygen content in the upper region of the space (layer a) is further reduced concentration of oxygen. the CO 2 can be the space 10 be supplied either in gaseous or in liquid form.
- a gas stratification is thus formed, which consists of a formed in the upper part of the space 10 gas layer A and formed in the lower part of the space gas layer B.
- the gas layer A formed in the upper part of the space 10 there is an oxygen content, which essentially corresponds to the basic inerting level set before introduction of the CO 2 gas.
- the introduced CO 2 -GaS is included and thus has a compared to the gas layer A further reduced oxygen content.
- a transition layer C is formed as a result of mixing operations.
- this transition layer C should be relatively thin, since the difference between the average density of the gas contained in the layer A and the average density of the gas contained in the layer B is relatively large and thus the mixing primarily due only to the diffusion flow of the gas particles.
- the gas stratification should be stopped if a fire has broken out or is about to break out in the room air atmosphere of the enclosed space.
- different fire detection systems 16 are preferably provided in the enclosed space 10.
- the solution according to the invention is not restricted to the use of nitrogen as an inert gas.
- the inert gas used must not be appropriately tempered before being introduced into the enclosed space.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Fire Alarms (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (15)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0805836-9A BRPI0805836B1 (pt) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Processo de inertização para a redução do risco de um incêndio em um espaço fechado, bem como, dispositivo para realização do processo |
CA2661901A CA2661901C (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Inerting method for reducing the risk of the outbreak of fire in an enclosed space as well as a device for realizing the method |
AT08786571T ATE534438T1 (de) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Inertisierungsverfahren zur minderung des risikos einer brandentstehung in einem umschlossenen raum sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens |
UAA200901653A UA96456C2 (uk) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Спосіб інертизації для зниження ризику раптового виникнення пожежі у замкненому просторі, а також пристрій для реалізації цього способу |
PL08786571T PL2046459T3 (pl) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Sposób zobojętniania w celu zmniejszenia zagrożenia pożarowego w zamkniętej przestrzeni oraz urządzenie do przeprowadzania tego sposobu |
RU2009122645/12A RU2469759C2 (ru) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Способ инертирования с целью снижения опасности возгорания в замкнутом пространстве и устройство для осуществления этого способа |
CN200880000786XA CN101547722B (zh) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | 用于降低封闭空间中火灾爆发的风险的惰化方法以及实现该方法的设备 |
MX2009002415A MX2009002415A (es) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Metodo de inertizacion para reducir el riesgo de inicio de incendio en un espacio cerrado, asi como un dispositivo para llevar a cabo el metodo. |
DK08786571.3T DK2046459T3 (da) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Inertiseringsfremgangsmåde til formindskelse af risikoen for brand i et omsluttet område og anordning til udførelse af fremgangsmåden |
EP08786571A EP2046459B1 (de) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Inertisierungsverfahren zur minderung des risikos einer brandentstehung in einem umschlossenen raum sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens |
KR1020097006026A KR101407873B1 (ko) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | 폐쇄된 공간의 화재 위험을 저감시키기 위한 불활성화 방법및 이 방법을 수행하기 위한 장치 |
JP2010518649A JP5244178B2 (ja) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | 閉鎖された空間において火災が発生する危険性を緩和するための不活性化方法、及び該不活性化方法を実現するための装置 |
ES08786571T ES2378296T3 (es) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Método de inertización para reducir el riesgo de incendios en un área cerrada y dispositivo para llevar a cabo el mencionado método |
AU2008281813A AU2008281813B2 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Inertization method for reducing the risk of fire in an enclosed area and device for carrying out said method |
HK09104251.7A HK1125589A1 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2009-05-08 | Inertization method for reducing the risk of fire in an enclosed area and device for carrying out said method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07113644 | 2007-08-01 | ||
EP07113644.4 | 2007-08-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009016176A1 true WO2009016176A1 (de) | 2009-02-05 |
Family
ID=39940447
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2008/059934 WO2009016176A1 (de) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-29 | Inertisierungsverfahren zur minderung des risikos einer brandentstehung in einem umschlossenen raum sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens |
Country Status (20)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8256525B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2046459B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5244178B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101407873B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101547722B (de) |
AR (1) | AR070748A1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE534438T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2008281813B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0805836B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2661901C (de) |
CL (1) | CL2008002252A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK2046459T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2378296T3 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1125589A1 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2009002415A (de) |
PL (1) | PL2046459T3 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2469759C2 (de) |
SI (1) | SI2046459T1 (de) |
UA (1) | UA96456C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2009016176A1 (de) |
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WO2024017501A1 (de) * | 2022-07-19 | 2024-01-25 | Linde Gmbh | Anschlussraum und wasserstoffversorgungsanordnung |
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DE102005002172A1 (de) * | 2005-01-17 | 2006-07-27 | Amrona Ag | Inertisierungsverfahren zur Brandvermeidung |
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SI2204219T1 (sl) * | 2008-12-12 | 2011-06-30 | Amrona Ag | Postopek inertizacije za preprečevanje požarov in/ali gašenje ognja ter inertizacijski sistem za izvajanje postopka |
GB2477718A (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-17 | Graviner Ltd Kidde | Inert gas suppression system for temperature control |
PL2462994T3 (pl) * | 2010-12-10 | 2014-01-31 | Amrona Ag | Sposób zobojętniania dla zapobiegania i/lub gaszenia pożarów oraz system zobojętniania do stosowania tego sposobu |
CN102302831B (zh) * | 2011-07-19 | 2013-01-23 | 杜扬 | 一种去除大型排空油罐爆炸性油气的安全环保方法 |
KR101278659B1 (ko) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-06-25 | 이재홍 | 화재방지장치 |
US9457209B2 (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2016-10-04 | Optimal Fire Prevention Systems, Llc | Fire prevention systems and methods |
PT2801392T (pt) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-08-22 | Amrona Ag | Método e sistema de inertização para a redução de oxigénio |
CN103691079A (zh) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-02 | 浙江造船有限公司 | 一种海工船低闪点系统惰性气体保护装置 |
US10183186B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2019-01-22 | Ryan Thomas Phillips | Fire suppression systems and methods |
AU2016378491B2 (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-11-08 | Amrona Ag | Oxygen reduction plant and method for operating an oxygen reduction plant |
US10933262B2 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2021-03-02 | WAGNER Fire Safety, Inc. | Oxygen-reducing installation and method for operating an oxygen-reducing installation |
WO2018119098A1 (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-28 | Carrier Corporation | Fire protection system for an enclosure and method of fire protection for an enclosure |
CN107914834B (zh) * | 2017-12-12 | 2023-08-29 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | 一种多边形浮式生产储油装置 |
CN110478829B (zh) * | 2018-05-14 | 2021-07-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种抑制lng蒸气扩散和液池火灾的应急处置方法及系统 |
CN109260639B (zh) * | 2018-09-06 | 2020-07-17 | 吉林建筑大学 | 一种风电机房消防控制系统及控制方法 |
IT201900004005A1 (it) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-19 | Mozzanica & Mozzanica S R L | Impianto di prevenzione incendi con sistema a riduzione d’ossigeno |
KR102239961B1 (ko) | 2020-08-19 | 2021-04-14 | 포이스주식회사 | 자연발화성 화학물질의 초기 화재 억제장치 및 화재 억제방법 |
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- 2008-07-29 PL PL08786571T patent/PL2046459T3/pl unknown
- 2008-07-29 SI SI200830551T patent/SI2046459T1/sl unknown
- 2008-07-29 DK DK08786571.3T patent/DK2046459T3/da active
- 2008-07-29 EP EP08786571A patent/EP2046459B1/de active Active
- 2008-07-29 BR BRPI0805836-9A patent/BRPI0805836B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-07-29 CN CN200880000786XA patent/CN101547722B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-07-29 KR KR1020097006026A patent/KR101407873B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2008-07-29 RU RU2009122645/12A patent/RU2469759C2/ru active
- 2008-07-29 WO PCT/EP2008/059934 patent/WO2009016176A1/de active Application Filing
- 2008-07-29 AT AT08786571T patent/ATE534438T1/de active
- 2008-07-29 CA CA2661901A patent/CA2661901C/en active Active
- 2008-07-29 AU AU2008281813A patent/AU2008281813B2/en active Active
- 2008-07-29 ES ES08786571T patent/ES2378296T3/es active Active
- 2008-07-29 JP JP2010518649A patent/JP5244178B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-07-29 UA UAA200901653A patent/UA96456C2/uk unknown
- 2008-07-31 CL CL2008002252A patent/CL2008002252A1/es unknown
- 2008-08-01 AR ARP080103351A patent/AR070748A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-08-01 US US12/222,089 patent/US8256525B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101407873B1 (ko) | 2014-06-20 |
ES2378296T3 (es) | 2012-04-10 |
EP2046459A1 (de) | 2009-04-15 |
AU2008281813A1 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
PL2046459T3 (pl) | 2012-04-30 |
JP5244178B2 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
AU2008281813B2 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
BRPI0805836A2 (pt) | 2011-08-30 |
CN101547722A (zh) | 2009-09-30 |
UA96456C2 (uk) | 2011-11-10 |
ATE534438T1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
US8256525B2 (en) | 2012-09-04 |
RU2469759C2 (ru) | 2012-12-20 |
CA2661901C (en) | 2015-12-29 |
RU2009122645A (ru) | 2011-01-10 |
JP2010534544A (ja) | 2010-11-11 |
EP2046459B1 (de) | 2011-11-23 |
BRPI0805836B1 (pt) | 2018-08-07 |
CL2008002252A1 (es) | 2009-01-02 |
US20090038810A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
KR20100037018A (ko) | 2010-04-08 |
AR070748A1 (es) | 2010-05-05 |
CA2661901A1 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
MX2009002415A (es) | 2009-05-11 |
DK2046459T3 (da) | 2012-03-05 |
CN101547722B (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
HK1125589A1 (en) | 2009-08-14 |
SI2046459T1 (sl) | 2012-03-30 |
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