WO2008119559A2 - Dispositif d'extrusion à plusieurs arbres et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner ledit dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif d'extrusion à plusieurs arbres et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner ledit dispositif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008119559A2
WO2008119559A2 PCT/EP2008/002629 EP2008002629W WO2008119559A2 WO 2008119559 A2 WO2008119559 A2 WO 2008119559A2 EP 2008002629 W EP2008002629 W EP 2008002629W WO 2008119559 A2 WO2008119559 A2 WO 2008119559A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber strand
conveying
zone
extruder device
fiber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/002629
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2008119559A3 (fr
Inventor
Josef Blach
Markus Blach
Michael Blach
Original Assignee
Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2008119559A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008119559A2/fr
Publication of WO2008119559A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008119559A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B29C48/834—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
    • B29C48/2886—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules of fibrous, filamentary or filling materials, e.g. thin fibrous reinforcements or fillers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/39—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages a first extruder feeding the melt into an intermediate location of a second extruder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/435—Sub-screws
    • B29C48/44—Planetary screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B29C48/832—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/501—Extruder feed section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/55—Screws having reverse-feeding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/765—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
    • B29C48/766—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
    • B29C48/767—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders through a degassing opening of a barrel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B29K2105/10—Cords, strands or rovings, e.g. oriented cords, strands or rovings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles

Definitions

  • Multi-shaft extruder apparatus and method of operating the same
  • the invention is based on a multi-screw extruder device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is further based on a method for operating a multi-shaft extruder device according to the preamble of claim 28.
  • an extruder device with a fiber strand feed in which at one point of a housing, a fiber strand is fed via an insertion channel, wherein the fiber strand is preimpregnated in a impregnation before being fed into a mixing zone.
  • the invention is in particular the object of providing a multi-shaft extruder device, which allows a homogeneous coating result. It is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. Further Embodiments result from the dependent claims and claims.
  • the invention is based on a multi-shaft extruder device with at least two conveying elements which are arranged in meshing and can be operated in the same direction of rotation, with an additive supply unit for supplying an additive and with a fiber strand feed unit, by means of which at least one fiber strand is added to a viscous one Workspace is done.
  • the fiber strand feed unit has at least one fiber strand feed opening which opens into a process space, wherein a feed zone is provided in the process space which is intended to be filled with a fiber strand additive mixture in at least one operating mode between 30% and 80% and with at least one first compression zone arranged downstream of the fiber strand addition opening, which is intended to reduce an entrained gas volume by at least a quarter of its volume.
  • a feed zone is provided in the process space which is intended to be filled with a fiber strand additive mixture in at least one operating mode between 30% and 80% and with at least one first compression zone arranged downstream of the fiber strand addition opening, which is intended to reduce an entrained gas volume by at least a quarter of its volume.
  • Extruder device with two and / or more conveyor elements are understood. Under a conveyor element is to be understood in particular an element with a compression and / or relaxation function with conveying task.
  • a Combing arrangement describes an arrangement of conveying elements which engage with their screw flights such as a toothing. In this case, a distance between a screw crest of a conveying element and a screw base of a further conveying element is greater and / or equal to 4 mm.
  • the conveying elements are arranged tightly combing, wherein a backlash of the screws is performed with ⁇ 10% of the distance.
  • a fiber strand represents either a single fiber, such as a short glass fiber, a ring or an endless fiber strand and / or another fiber strand which appears expedient to the person skilled in the art.
  • An additive here is either a thermosetting or thermoplastic plastic, a resin and / or another, considered appropriate to the expert additive.
  • a viscous work area describes an area in which the additive is or has become viscous. This viscous component preferably constitutes a molten plastic and / or another component which has been prepared as required, such as a liquid.
  • a conveying zone is a region which has a maximum length of 6 times the length of a conveying element outer diameter and in which Components, such as fiber strands and / or an additive to be transported or promoted in a preferred direction, axially of the multi-shaft extruder.
  • a process space is to be understood as the space of the multi-shaft extruder device in which the fiber strands and / or an additive are filled and / or mixed. If the fiber strand and the additive are introduced into the process space for a wetting process, a fiber strand additive mixture results.
  • a remaining volume of the process space is filled with a gas volume, which preferably represents air and is introduced mainly by the fiber strand.
  • a compression zone represents a zone which is intended to shift a volume ratio of fiber strand additive mixture to gas volume in favor of the fiber strand additive mixture by pressing off the gas. It is advantageous if the compression zone reduces the gas volume by at least a quarter of its volume, preferably by one half of its volume and particularly advantageously by at least 90% of its volume.
  • a conveying element of the compression zone can be designed with a special geometry of the screw webs, such as a smaller pitch of the screw web. This takes a degree of filling in the
  • Multi-screw extruder over the conveyor zone, which has a direct effect on the wetting of the fibers.
  • a unit is designed such that it is intended to have a volume ratio of fiber strand additive mixture to gas volume of at least 80% to 20%, preferably of at least 60% to 40% and particularly advantageously of at least 50% 50%.
  • the unit may be a metering device that regulates the supply of fiber strand and / or additive and thus inevitably entrainment of the gas.
  • At least one further compression zone is proposed.
  • Conveying elements and compression zone work on the same principle as in the first compression zone.
  • At least one degassing zone is provided.
  • structurally simple additional degassing capability can be achieved by arranging a housing degassing opening in the extruder housing.
  • the degassing can be achieved, for example, by means of the externally acting atmospheric pressure.
  • the degassing zone is arranged after the first compression zone and the further compression zone is arranged after the degassing zone. By this arrangement, even better wetting of the fiber strand can be achieved.
  • the first compression zone, the degasification zone and / or the further compression zone each have a longitudinal extent of not more than three times a winningelementau joint, whereby a sufficiently long distance for degassing or wetting can be provided.
  • the fiber strand addition opening has a longitudinal extent of not more than four times a winningelementau call messr.
  • Particularly advantageous is an embodiment of the fiber strand addition opening with a maximum of twice a delivery element outer diameter. This can
  • a preferred development is that a vacuum source is provided, which serves to build and / or to maintain a vacuum. " By applying a vacuum, wetting can be done efficiently.
  • a homogenization zone in which at least two conveying elements have passage areas, so that a mass transfer between at least two device areas is possible.
  • the conveying elements in the passage area at a distance greater than 4 mm.
  • distance defines, for example, a flight depth which results between a screw comb of one conveying element and a screw root of a further conveying element.
  • the Faserstrangzu Swissiki has at least two arranged on a circumference of an extruder housing fiber strand feeders with Faserstrangzugabeö réelleen to a radial supply of fiber strands in the process space rensraum.
  • the arrangement of the fiber strand feeders can be made particularly space-saving.
  • the fiber strand feeds can be arranged structurally simple around the circumference of the extruder housing, since sufficient space is available.
  • the entire length of the multi-screw extruder can be reduced. In general, however, the arrangement of the fiber strand feeds along an axial extent of the extruder housing would be possible.
  • the feeding of the fiber strands is preferably carried out without pressure.
  • the conveying elements of the first compression zone, the degassing zone and / or the further compression zone are executed in one, two and / or three courses.
  • the geometry of the conveyor elements of the respective zone can be designed specifically and optimally for their function, since the number of conveyor lines is determined by the geometry of the conveyor elements.
  • the conveyor elements are designed in at least one area opposite to at least one other area with a smaller Da / Di in order to achieve an enlarged housing conveyor element gap.
  • Da represents the delivery element outer diameter and / or "Di” the delivery element inner diameter of the delivery elements.
  • the delivery element gap defines the distance between the outer element HARMI, a low installation cost, since the generation of the gap can be designed independently of the housing design.
  • At least one annular gap is provided which has a radial channel height of maximum (Da-Di) / 2.
  • Da-Di radial channel height of maximum
  • a radial distance between a conveying element outer diameter of a conveying element of the conveying zone and an inner wall of an extruder housing be increased compared to at least one other region, whereby an enlarged wetting area for the supplied fiber strands with the additive can be achieved.
  • a "different area” defines in particular the remaining area of the multi-shaft extruder.
  • a preferred development consists in that in at least one extruder housing section of a conveying section a radial distance reduction is provided between at least one conveying element and the extruder housing section.
  • a specific engine torque is at least 20 Nm / cm 3 , preferably at least 40 Nm / cm 3 and more preferably at least 60 Nm / cm 3 .
  • a specific engine torque is to be understood as a torque to be introduced or a minimum power of a motor, which is related to the axial distance (indicated in cm) with the power 3 of two conveying elements.
  • the conveying elements are arranged in a closed pitch circle, whereby a high power density and a balanced load distribution can be achieved.
  • the arrangement structurally simple ensures a higher material throughput and a short residence time compared to a single screw.
  • the arrangement of more than five and particularly advantageous arrangement of 12 conveyor elements which also allow a maximum of four
  • Twin-screw extruder of e.g. four different products, additives, fiber strands and / or fiber strand contents to operate in parallel.
  • the device has an outer and / or an inner process space which is characterized by a ne arrangement of the conveying elements are formed. As a result, structurally simple separate supply and / or separate transport of components are possible.
  • a return element is arranged, which is intended to transport via the additive feed unit supplied additive from the inner process space in the outer process space and vice versa.
  • a return element is to be understood as meaning a delivery element which has an opposite incline with respect to the delivery elements arranged, for example, in the delivery region.
  • the return element is arranged in the axial conveying direction in front of the fiber strand addition opening.
  • the invention is based on a method for operating a multi-shaft extruder device.
  • a conveying zone in a process space of between 30% and 80% be filled with a fiber-strand additive mixture and an entrained gas volume be reduced by at least a quarter of its volume.
  • a volume ratio of fiber additive mixture to gas volume of at least 80% to 20%, preferably from at least 60% to 40%, and more preferably at least 50% to 50%.
  • fiber strands are fed radially into the process space via at least two fiber strand addition openings arranged on a circumference of an extruder housing.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view II-II of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a portion of the multi-screw extruder according to FIG. 1
  • 4 shows a cross section through a further multi-screw extruder according to the invention with 12 conveying elements
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross section through an alternative multi-screw extruder according to the invention with 4 fiber strand feeds
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross section through a further multi-shaft extruder according to the invention with empty positions
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of a pre-impregnation device
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of a portion of another multi-screw extruder with a conically executed Radialabstandsredu- ornamentation
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of a portion of a further multi-shaft extruder with an endless fiber strand feed
  • FIG. 11 is a detailed view of the Faserstrangzu Glass- unit of Figure 10 in a plan view.
  • FIG. 1 shows a multi-shaft extruder 10a in the design of a double-screw extruder.
  • the twin-screw extruder has an extruder housing 12a, the two conveyor lines 44, 46 each having a plurality of along an axis 18 of the extruder housing 12a successively extending conveyor elements 14a, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 62, 218, or 16a, 64, 68, 98, 100, 106, 112, 220 and / or further conveying elements for melting, mixing, shearing, cutting and / or diverting conveying materials, such as a kneading block 58, 66.
  • the conveying elements 14a, 16a, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 62, 64, 68, 98, 100, 106, 112, 218, 220 of the conveyor sections 44, 46 are arranged in pairs, so that, for example, the vertically superimposed Conveying elements 14a and 16a mesh with each other and with a same direction of rotation 60a of an unillustrated motor, which has a reduction and / or branching transmission, with a specific engine torque of at least 20 Nm / cm 3 , preferably 40 Nm / cm 3 and more preferably be operated from 60 Nm / cm 3 (see Figure 2).
  • the conveying elements 14a and 16a are preferably designed to be tightly combing, the distance between a screw comb and a screw base being greater than and / or equal to 4 mm.
  • the conveying paths 44, 46 comprise at least one input area 20a, a wetting area 22a and a discharge and conveying area 24a.
  • An additive feed unit 26a is arranged at the input area 20a, via which an additive 28a, such as a plastic, is supplied to the conveying elements 48, 68 of the input area 20a.
  • the additive 28a is transported by means of the conveying elements 48, 68 of the conveying paths 44, 46 in the direction of an axial conveying direction 74a to conveying elements 62, 64. These serve to build up pressure in the axial conveying direction 74a and ensure a transition into kneading blocks 58, 66, where the additive 28a is melted.
  • the additive 28a is now along The axis 18 transported in an area in which each conveying section 44, 46, a return element 70a, 72 is arranged.
  • the return elements 70a, 72 guide the additive 28a in the axial conveying direction 74a into a process space 76 of a conveying zone 30a, which constitutes a viscous working area 78 and the beginning of the wetting area 22a.
  • the supply of a fiber strand 34a wherein a fiber strand either a single fiber, such as a short glass fiber and / or an endless fiber, such as a roving, can be understood.
  • a fiber strand feed unit 32a has a fiber strand feed opening 80a having a longitudinal extent of about 1.5 times the length of the conveyor element outer diameter 82.
  • the conveying element outer diameter 82 refers to a conveying element arranged in the respective region and, in the case of the fiber strand feed opening 80a, to the conveying elements 14a and 16a.
  • a radial distance 86 between a conveying element outer diameter 82 of a conveying element 14a, 16b of the conveying zone 30a and an inner wall 88 of the extruder housing 12a is increased relative to at least one other region 90 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • the fiber strand 34a and the additive 28a are mixed to a fiber strand additive mixture 92, which is to 30% to 80%, preferably to 50% completes the process room 76.
  • a remaining space is filled to 70% to 20%, preferably to 50%, with a gas volume 94, which is entrained in the fiber strand feed and preferably consists of air.
  • the fiber-strand additive mixture 92 and the gas volume 94 are shown schematically for a partial section of the process chamber 76.
  • a volume ratio of fiber strand additive mixture 92 to gas volume 94 is adjusted by means of a unit 96 which adjusts either the amount of fiber strands 34a supplied and / or the amount of additive 28a supplied.
  • the conveying zone 30a is adjoined by a first compression zone 36 with two vertically arranged double-flighted conveying elements 50 and 98, which have a longitudinal extent of approximately 0.5 times the length of the conveying element outer diameter 82 and have a compression function.
  • the gas volume 94 is squeezed out via a cross-sectional reduction by a small selected screw pitch and thus an increase in pressure from the process chamber 76 and the gas volume 94 is thus reduced by at least a quarter of its volume.
  • the gas volume 94 is reduced by half, and more preferably by its entire volume.
  • the gas volume reduction can also be reduced by changing a pitch of a worm gear.
  • the first compression zone 36 is adjoined by a degassing zone 38 with two vertically arranged double-flighted conveying elements 52 and 100, which have a longitudinal extent of about 2 times the length of the conveyor element outer diameter 82 and have a higher pitch of the screw threads compared to the conveyor elements 50 and 98 and thus have a relaxation function.
  • this degassing zone 38 is a Gekoruseentgasungsö réelle
  • a vacuum source 104 can be applied to the extruder housing 12a for establishing and / or maintaining a vacuum for reducing the gas molecules in the process chamber 76. It would also be possible only to apply an atmospheric pressure for degassing.
  • a further compression zone 40 with two vertically arranged single-channel conveying elements 54 and 106 is arranged, which have a longitudinal extent of approximately 0.5 times the length of the conveying element outer diameter 82 Have compression function and also have an influence on the fiber length.
  • the squeezing of the gas volume 94 is achieved by a very strong cross-section reduction.
  • a housing degassing opening 224 is arranged, via which the vacuum source 104 can be applied to the extruder housing 12a
  • a homogenization zone 42 which corresponds to 0.5 times the length of the conveying element outer diameter 82, is arranged.
  • the homogenization zone 42 may correspond to a maximum length of 3 times the length of the conveyor element outer diameter 82.
  • passage regions 114, 116 are formed which enable a mass transfer between at least two device regions 118, 120.
  • the conveying element regions 108, 110 in the passage regions 114, 116 have a spacing between the screw crest and the screw root which is greater than and / or equal to 4 mm.
  • the mass transfer enables a uniform wetting of the fiber strand 34a by the additive 28a.
  • the homogenization zone 42 which also represents the end of the wetting area 22a, is adjoined in the axial conveying direction 74a by the discharge and delivery area 24a into which delivery elements 56, 112 extend.
  • Conveying area 24a may, however, still extend to a maximum length of 6 times the length of conveying element outer diameter 82.
  • a plurality of fiber strand feed units 32a for feeding different fiber strand types, such as ductile, tough and / or brittle fiber strands 34a.
  • the arrangement of the Faserstrangzu GmbHen 32a can be tailored to the type of fiber strand 34a. Is a feeder of brittle cut fibers, a 39dozagaggregat, as shown in Figure 1, are used.
  • a side-dosing unit can take place in the area of the kneading blocks 58, 66, since the ductile fiber strands 34a can withstand the loading of the kneading block 58, 66 and / or can be impregnated with equal efficiency. Furthermore, the supply of ductile fiber strands 34a as cut fibers in the kneading blocks 58, 66 can take place via a side metering unit and, in the axial conveying direction, the supply of a brittle fiber strand 34g in the form of a continuous strand via a fiber strand feed unit 32g to a gate 190 (see FIG 10).
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative multi-shaft extruder 10b in a cross section in the form of a ring extruder 122 with 12 conveying elements 14b, 16b, 126 arranged distributed in the circumferential direction 124, of which only three have been provided with reference numerals for the sake of clarity.
  • the conveying elements 14b, 16b, 126 arranged in a closed pitch circle are enclosed by an extruder housing 12b and all have the same direction of rotation 60b.
  • the extruder housing 12b has a fiber strand feed unit 32b with two fiber strand feeders 128, 130 arranged in a circumferential direction 124 one after the other, at an angular distance of 180 °.
  • the fiber strand feeders 128, 130 are arranged at the same axial height of the extruder housing 12b, but an axially offset arrangement would also be possible. borrowed.
  • Each fiber strand feed 128, 130 has a fiber strand feed opening 80b and a transfer region 132, 134, in which fiber strands 34b fed through the fiber strand feeders 128, 130 are fed to an outer process space 136.
  • the process space 136 constitutes a guide clearance 138 for guiding at least one fiber strand 34b, wherein the guide clearance 138 is formed in a radial direction 140 between the conveying elements 14b, 16b, 126 and the extruder housing 12b.
  • the conveying elements 14b, 16b, 126 include a core 142b and in the radial direction 140 between the core 142b and the conveying elements 14b, 16b, 126, a filling gap 144 is arranged, which forms an inner process space 146.
  • An additive 28b such as a plastic, is introduced into this filling gap 144 via the additive feed unit 26b.
  • the core 142b can have at least one cooling channel 210 for temperature control of the system, which extends at least in regions in the axial direction 74b.
  • FIG. 6 shows an alternative multi-shaft extruder 10c as a ring extruder 158 with a fiber strand feed unit 32c with four at an angular distance of 90 ° around the circumference of the fiber extruder
  • Extruder housing 12c distributed fiber strand feeders 160, 162, 164, 166, each with a fiber strand addition opening 80c shown.
  • the following description is essentially limited to the differences between 1 to 5 on at least one fiber strand feed 160, 162, 164, 166, a feed unit 168 is arranged, the pre-coated cut fibers 170 before feeding a fiber strand 34c in the fiber strand feed 160 of the fiber strand 34c applies.
  • the cut fibers 170 are introduced into the fiber strand feed 160 with the fiber strand 34c.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further multi-screw extruder 10d as a ring extruder 172.
  • conveying element positions 174 are arranged radially around a core 142d, of which ten are filled with conveying elements 14d, 16d and two empty positions as conveying elements 176, 178 are executed.
  • any number, combination and / or sequence of conveying element-carrying and conveyor element-free conveying element positions 174 can also be provided.
  • the empty positions 176, 178 extend at least from the area of the fiber feed unit 32d and preferably from the input area 20 to the discharge and conveying area 24 and are filled with separating filling pieces.
  • a fiber strand 34d and the additive 28 can be transported in spaced-apart conveyor element units 180 by the arrangement of separation filler pieces in the empty positions 176, 178 in the circumferential direction 124.
  • FIG. 8 shows a preimpregnation device 182 with a
  • the coating takes place before feeding the fiber strand 34e into the extruder device.
  • the additive 28e preferably a plastic, is applied to the fiber strand 34e as a film by means of at least one application device in the form of a nozzle 188.
  • at least one movement device in the form of a gate 190 is arranged on the coating unit 184, via which the fiber strand 34e is guided before passing the nozzle 188.
  • the gate 190 oscillates the supplied fiber strand (s) 34e in the process of application of the additive.
  • the feed unit 186 includes a first guide member 192 and a second guide member 194, both of which guide the fiber strand 34e. Since the fiber strand 34e is guided past the guide elements 192, 194 under tension by means of a tension generated by the extruder device, and the additive 28e is moved past the guide elements 192, 194 second guide element 194 between the fiber strand 34e and a working surface 196 of the second guide element 194, the second guide element 194 additionally operates the additive 28e into the fiber strand 34e.
  • a deflection unit 216 is arranged, which feeds the fiber strand 34e via a further guide element 228 of the fiber strand feed unit 32e.
  • a tear-off edge 226 is formed, which ensures that the additive film is transported to the fiber strand 34e.
  • a heat source 198 for example in the form of at least one heating jet introduced into the guide elements 194, 196, 228, 230, is arranged, which heats the supplied and coated fiber strand 34e before it is fed into the fiber strand feed unit 32e.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic section of a conveying path 200 with at least two conveying elements 202, 204 of a further multi-screw extruder 10f.
  • An extruder barrel 12f has an extruder barrel portion 206 disposed after the fiber strand feeding unit 32f and its fiber strand adding port 8Of and extending by a distance 3 times a conveyor element HY preparer 82 corresponds, in an axial conveying direction 74 f extends.
  • a further extruder housing portion 208 is arranged, which has a transition 212 with a Radialabstandsredu- ornamentation 256, which is conical.
  • the further extruder housing region 208 merges into a discharge and delivery region 24f in which the one separation unit 214 in the form of the conveying element 204 is arranged, which splits the fiber strands 34f into predetermined lengths.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic section of another multi-shaft extruder 10 g in the form of a ring extruder 232.
  • a conveying element 234 is arranged in an input region 20g, which is a conveying element 234
  • the conveyor element 234 is adjoined by a region which forms a filling gap 144 and an inner process region 146. From this filling gap 144, the additive 28g is transported in the radial direction 140 to the extruder housing 12g into an outer process space 136 or guide clearance 138 by means of a return conveying element 70g, which is arranged in the axial conveying direction 74g downstream of the conveying element 234.
  • a return conveying element 70g which is arranged in the axial conveying direction 74g downstream of the conveying element 234.
  • a widened housing portion provided through which an extruder housing conveying element gap 152 is formed.
  • This extruder housing conveying element gap 152 may additionally and / or alternatively be formed by a design of a conveying element 148.
  • the conveying element 148 has a smaller ratio of the conveying element outer diameter 82 (Da) to a conveying element inner diameter 150 (Di) in one area, for example the fiber strand feed area, compared to another area, such as the wetting area 22g (see FIG. 5) ).
  • a core segment 240 may be provided, which has a widened diameter with respect to the remaining part of the core 142g.
  • annular gap 154 for example arranged in the homogenization zone 42g and / or between two conveying elements 236, 238, which is designed without conveying elements, extends at least by a length of one third of the length of the conveying element outer diameter 82 and a radial channel height 156 of maximum (Da-Di) / 2.
  • the fiber strand feed unit serves to feed endless fiber strands and has at the fiber strand feed opening 80g a cylindrical insert 236 with a feed mold part 244 and a holding edge 246, wherein the feed mold part 244 extends against the radial direction 140 into the housing 12g.
  • the insert 242 further includes a longitudinal slot 248 into which the fiber strands 34g are inserted. the.
  • the insert 236 can be arranged rotatably offset at an angle of 0 ° to 45 ° to the conveying direction 74g.
  • a gate 190g is arranged, which feeds the fiber strands 34g, separated by gate webs 250, to the fiber feed unit 32g.
  • the gate 190 may be rotatably staggered at an angle of 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to the direction of conveyance 74g, with rotation of the gate 190 being independent of rotation of the insert 242 (see FIG. 11). Furthermore, the gate 190 can be adjusted in the vertical direction continuously relative to the insert 242.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Selon la présente invention, une unité d'introduction de faisceaux de fibres (32a, 32b, 32c, 32e, 32f, 32g) comporte au moins un orifice d'introduction de faisceaux de fibres (80a, 80b, 80c, 80f, 80g) qui débouche dans une chambre de traitement (76, 136), ladite chambre de traitement (76, 136) comportant une zone d'acheminement (30a, 30b) destinée, dans au moins un mode de fonctionnement, à être remplie à raison de 30 à 80% avec un mélange d'additif et de faisceaux de fibres (92), et au moins une première zone de compression (36) située après l'orifice d'introduction de faisceaux de fibres (80a, 80b, 80c, 80f, 80g) et destinée à réduire un gaz entraîné (94) à au moins un quart de son volume.
PCT/EP2008/002629 2007-04-03 2008-04-02 Dispositif d'extrusion à plusieurs arbres et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner ledit dispositif WO2008119559A2 (fr)

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DE102009005069A1 (de) 2009-01-19 2010-08-05 Brüssel, Richard Verfahren und Extruder zur Herstellung einer langfaserverstärkten Formmasse
DE202014002902U1 (de) * 2014-04-04 2014-04-29 Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg Mehrwellenextruder mit einem Extrudergehäuse

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DE19847103C1 (de) * 1998-10-13 1999-10-28 3 & Extruder Gmbh Maschine zum kontinuierlichen Bearbeiten von fließfähigen Materialien
EP0979719A2 (fr) * 1998-08-13 2000-02-16 Maschinenfabrik J. Dieffenbacher GmbH & Co. Procédé et extrudeuse de plastification pour produire des compositions polymères renforcées par des fibres
EP1151845A2 (fr) * 2000-05-04 2001-11-07 Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer GmbH & Co. KG Installation pour la préparation et le traitement ultérieur d'une matière thermoplastique et méthode pour faire fonctionner cette installation
WO2004060636A1 (fr) * 2002-12-30 2004-07-22 Apx Ag Procede et dispositif d'extrusion pour le traitement d'un melange constitue de fibres naturelles et de materiaux synthetiques
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JP4365529B2 (ja) * 1998-05-07 2009-11-18 インステイテユート・フール・アグロテクノロギツシユ・オンデルツエク（エイテイオー−デイエルオー） 重合体とセルロース繊維の複合体を連続的に製造する方法およびそれを用いて得た混成材料
DE19848124A1 (de) * 1998-10-19 2000-04-20 Krupp Werner & Pfleiderer Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von gefüllten, modifizierten und mit Fasern verstärkten Thermoplasten und Doppel-Schnecken-Extruder zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE10233213B4 (de) * 2002-07-22 2004-09-09 3+Extruder Gmbh Extruder
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EP0426619A2 (fr) * 1989-10-31 1991-05-08 ICMA SAN GIORGIO S.p.A. Procédé de production de panneaux
EP0979719A2 (fr) * 1998-08-13 2000-02-16 Maschinenfabrik J. Dieffenbacher GmbH & Co. Procédé et extrudeuse de plastification pour produire des compositions polymères renforcées par des fibres
DE19847103C1 (de) * 1998-10-13 1999-10-28 3 & Extruder Gmbh Maschine zum kontinuierlichen Bearbeiten von fließfähigen Materialien
EP1151845A2 (fr) * 2000-05-04 2001-11-07 Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer GmbH & Co. KG Installation pour la préparation et le traitement ultérieur d'une matière thermoplastique et méthode pour faire fonctionner cette installation
WO2004060636A1 (fr) * 2002-12-30 2004-07-22 Apx Ag Procede et dispositif d'extrusion pour le traitement d'un melange constitue de fibres naturelles et de materiaux synthetiques
WO2004082913A1 (fr) * 2003-03-20 2004-09-30 Polymera Sa Installation d'extrusion pour la production de granules en matieres plastiques

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