WO2008119560A1 - Dispositif d'extrusion à plusieurs arbres et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner ledit dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif d'extrusion à plusieurs arbres et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner ledit dispositif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008119560A1
WO2008119560A1 PCT/EP2008/002630 EP2008002630W WO2008119560A1 WO 2008119560 A1 WO2008119560 A1 WO 2008119560A1 EP 2008002630 W EP2008002630 W EP 2008002630W WO 2008119560 A1 WO2008119560 A1 WO 2008119560A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber strand
conveying
extruder
extruder device
fiber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/002630
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Josef Blach
Markus Blach
Michael Blach
Original Assignee
Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2008119560A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008119560A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B29C48/834—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/482—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs
    • B29B7/483—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs the other mixing parts being discs perpendicular to the screw axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
    • B29B7/489—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/60—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/90—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
    • B29C48/2886—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules of fibrous, filamentary or filling materials, e.g. thin fibrous reinforcements or fillers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/297—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder at several locations, e.g. using several hoppers or using a separate additive feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/39—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages a first extruder feeding the melt into an intermediate location of a second extruder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/435—Sub-screws
    • B29C48/44—Planetary screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/501—Extruder feed section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B29C48/832—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/55—Screws having reverse-feeding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/765—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
    • B29C48/766—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
    • B29C48/767—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders through a degassing opening of a barrel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B29K2105/10—Cords, strands or rovings, e.g. oriented cords, strands or rovings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles

Definitions

  • Multi-shaft extruder apparatus and method of operating the same
  • the invention is based on a multi-shaft extruder device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is further based on a method for operating a multi-shaft extruder device according to the preamble of claim 24.
  • an extruder device with a fiber strand feed is known, in which at one point of a housing a fiber strand is fed via an introduction channel into an impregnation channel.
  • the invention is in particular the object of providing a multi-shaft extruder device having a particularly space-saving fiber strand feed. It is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. Further embodiments will be apparent from the dependent and dependent claims. Advantages of the invention
  • the invention is based on a multi-shaft extruder device with a fiber strand feed unit.
  • the fiber strand feed unit has at least two fiber strand feeds.
  • an effective feed section of a fiber strand into the multi-shaft extruder can be shortened in terms of design.
  • a multi-screw extruder device is to be understood here to mean an extruder device having two or more conveying elements. It is also possible to feed a plurality of fiber strands per fiber strand feed as a fiber strand bundle.
  • a fiber strand represents either a single fiber such as a short glass fiber, a roving or an endless fiber strand and / or another fiber strand which appears expedient to the person skilled in the art.
  • each fiber strand feed is assigned at least one transfer area. It may be advantageous to feed each fiber strand via a separate Faserstrangzu Kunststoffö réelle in the extruder housing.
  • a transfer region defines a region of the fiber strand feed unit which opens directly into a housing interior of the extruder housing.
  • the transfer area is provided to supply at least one fiber strand to a process space.
  • the term "process chamber” is understood to mean the space of the multi-shaft extruder device in which the fiber strands and / or an additive are filled or can be mixed.
  • An additive here is either a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, a resin and / or another, the expert appears useful as additive.
  • This direct supply can be advantageously achieved that the fiber strand is fed directly to the room in which he with a Additive mixed and / or coated.
  • the additive is preferably viscous and / or liquid in this area.
  • installation space, assembly costs and costs can be saved.
  • the fiber strand feeds are arranged one after the other in a circumferential direction.
  • the arrangement of the fiber strand feeders can be made particularly space-saving.
  • the entire length of the multi-screw extruder can be reduced because, for example, compared to a feed slot extending in a longitudinal extent of a twin extruder, a reduction of a feed range results by the factor of the arranged fiber strand feed.
  • the arrangement of the fiber strand feeds along an axial longitudinal extension of the extruder housing would be possible.
  • the fiber strand feeders are arranged at a distance of at least ⁇ 20 ° in the circumferential direction of an extruder housing, whereby the fiber strand feeders can be arranged structurally simple around the circumference of the extruder housing, since sufficient space is available.
  • the space available is particularly advantageous if the fiber strand feeders are nem distance of at least ⁇ 30 ° in the circumferential direction are arranged on an extruder housing.
  • At least three conveying elements arranged at least in the circumferential direction are provided.
  • high rotational speeds of the multi-shaft extruder device can be achieved, which structurally ensure a higher material transport and a higher heat tolerance compared to a single screw.
  • Under a conveyor element is to be understood in particular an element with a compression and / or relaxation function with conveying task.
  • a conveying direction can advantageously be defined and maintained.
  • a core which is enclosed by the conveying elements arranged in the circumferential direction is arranged.
  • the core can be formed as a solid part and / or channels can be introduced into the core for a temperature control, which cool the multi-shaft extruder device if necessary.
  • the core can also consist of several components.
  • an extruder housing is arranged at least partially surrounding at least one conveying element, wherein the extruder housing in the radial direction to the conveying element has a guide clearance for guiding at least one fiber strand. By arranging this area, a defined guidance of the fiber strand can be achieved.
  • the housing preferably represents a cylinder which completely encloses the conveying elements radially.
  • a preferred development consists in that a filling gap arranged between core and conveying element is provided, wherein an additive can be introduced into the filling gap. As a result, structurally, a space for transporting the additive can be formed.
  • At least one conveying element transports the additive in the radial direction to the extruder housing by means of a rotational movement, whereby a removal of the additive from the filling gap into the guide space for coating the fiber strand can be achieved in a structurally simple and space-saving manner.
  • radial direction is understood here to mean the direction starting from a center point to an outer diameter of the extruder housing.
  • conveying element is designed as a return conveyor element.
  • the removal of the additive from the filling gap into the guide clearance can take place with the same drive as that which drives the further conveying elements in an axial conveying direction.
  • conveying elements are to be understood as conveying elements which have an opposite pitch with respect to the conveying elements arranged, for example, in the conveying area.
  • a Vorimlessnessgniervorraum is arranged, which is intended to impregnate fiber strands before feeding the fiber strands in at least one Faserstrangzu 1500ein- unit.
  • the multi-shaft extruder device has a widened extruder housing section, which has a widened radial distance to the extruder housing between at least one conveying element outer diameter and an inner wall of an extruder housing with respect to a further extruder housing section.
  • a widened extruder housing section which has a widened radial distance to the extruder housing between at least one conveying element outer diameter and an inner wall of an extruder housing with respect to a further extruder housing section.
  • the widened extruder housing section is arranged in the region of the fiber feed unit. This allows even fiber strands, one above the other be retracted, efficiently and completely coated.
  • the widened extruder housing section after the fiber strand feed unit extends in an axial conveying direction by a distance which corresponds to 3 to 6 times a delivery element outer diameter.
  • a last supplied fiber can be coated over a sufficiently long range.
  • a radial distance reduction is provided which is stepped or conical. If this is carried out between the extruder housing and a conveying element arranged therein, a gentle transition between two extruder housing sections can be achieved, through which the fiber strands can pass without damage.
  • a radial distance reduction is to be understood to mean a narrowing of the diameter in the case of a cylindrical extruder housing.
  • a structurally simple division of the fiber strands can advantageously be achieved if at least one conveying element arranged in a discharge and conveying region is provided which divides the fiber strands at least into predetermined lengths.
  • the configuration of a geometry specially shaped for a base process for example in the form of a sharp cutting edge, which is arranged on an inner wall of the extruder housing, can be avoided in a cost-saving manner.
  • a feed unit is provided which applies preimpregnated cut fibers to at least one fiber strand prior to feeding a fiber strand into the fiber strand feed unit, and also that the preimpregnated cut fibers with the fiber strand can be introduced into the fiber strand feed unit.
  • a train constructed by the conveying elements, which acts on the fiber strands can thus be used in a structurally simple manner, saving space and components, for easier transport of the cut fibers into the multi-shaft extruder device.
  • a preferred development consists in that at least one conveyor element unit is provided by which at least two conveyor elements can be combined to form a functional unit.
  • the conveying elements can be combined into groups that can perform different functions in the same cross-sectional area.
  • each group can be assigned a fiber strand feed, wherein, for example, the rotational speeds and / or temperature tolerances of the conveyor element unit can be matched to the supplied fiber strand.
  • no range of use of the multi-shaft extruder device can be extended.
  • At least one conveying element position is arranged, which is intended to be embodied as conveyor elementless empty positions.
  • This embodiment further increases the range of use.
  • the empty positions can be filled, for example, by further functional parts, such as cooling elements, separating filling pieces and / or other functional parts which appear to be suitable for the person skilled in the art.
  • the invention proceeds from a method for operating a multi-shaft extruder device with a fiber strand feed unit.
  • fiber strands are fed into a process space at at least two points of an extruder housing.
  • an effective feed section of a fiber strand into the multi-shaft extruder can be shortened in terms of design.
  • the fiber strands are guided in a guide free space of an extruder housing which at least partially encloses at least one conveying element and which extends in the radial direction to the conveying element.
  • an additive is introduced into a filling gap arranged between a core and at least one conveying element.
  • the fiber strands are divided into predetermined lengths in at least one conveying element of a discharge and conveying region.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a portion of the multi-screw extruder of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a further multi-screw extruder according to the invention with 12 conveying elements
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross section through an alternative multi-shaft extruder according to the invention with 4 fiber strand feeders
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of a pre-impregnation device
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of a portion of another multi-screw extruder with a conically executed Radialabstandsredu- ornamentation
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of a portion of a further multi-screw extruder with an endless fiber strand feed and 11 is a detailed view of the Faserstrangzu réelle- unit of Figure 10 in a plan view.
  • FIG. 1 shows a multi-shaft extruder 10a in the design of a twin-screw extruder.
  • the twin-screw extruder has an extruder housing 12a, which has two conveying paths 44, 46, each with several along one
  • Axis 18 of the extruder housing 12a successively extending conveyor elements 14a, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 62, 218, or 16a, 64, 68, 98, 100, 106, 112, 220 and / or further conveying elements for melting, mixing Shearing, cutting and / or diverting conveying materials, such as a kneading block 58, 66, encloses.
  • the conveying elements 14a, 16a, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 62, 64, 68, 98, 100, 106, 112, 218, 220 of the conveyor sections 44, 46 are arranged in pairs, so that, for example, lie vertically one above the other - Combining the conveying elements 14a and 16a with each other and with a same direction of rotation 60a of an unillustrated motor, which has a reduction and / or branching gear, with a specific engine torque of at least 20 Nm / cm 3 , preferably 40 Nm / cm 3 and especially preferably be operated from 60 Nm / cm 3 (see Figure 2).
  • the conveying elements 14a and 16a are preferably designed to be tightly combing, the distance between a screw comb and a screw base being greater than and / or equal to 4 mm.
  • the conveying paths 44, 46 comprise at least one input area 20a, a wetting area 22a and a discharge and conveying area 24a.
  • an additive supply unit 26a via which an additive 28a, such as a plastic, is supplied to the conveying elements 48, 68 of the input area 20a.
  • the additive 28a is transported by means of the conveying elements 48, 68 of the conveying sections 44, 46 in the direction of an axial conveying direction 74a to conveying elements 62, 64. These serve to build up pressure in the axial conveying direction 74a and ensure a transition into kneading blocks 58, 66, where the additive 28a is melted.
  • the additive 28a is now transported along the axis 18 into an area in which a return conveyor element 70a, 72 is arranged per conveying path 44, 46.
  • the return elements 70a, 72 guide the additive 28a in the axial conveying direction 74a into a process space 76 of a conveying zone 30a, which constitutes a viscous working area 78 and the beginning of the wetting area 22a.
  • the supply of a fiber strand 34a wherein a fiber strand either a single fiber, such as a short glass fiber and / or an endless fiber, such as a roving, can be understood.
  • a fiber strand feed unit 32a has a fiber strand feed opening 80a which has a longitudinal extent of about 1.5 times that of the fiber strand feed opening 80a Length of winningelementau call thoroughly duplexers 82 has.
  • the delivery element outer diameter 82 refers in each case to a delivery element arranged in the respective region and, in the case of the fiber strand addition opening 80a, to the delivery elements 14a and 16a.
  • a radial distance 86 between a delivery element outer diameter 82 of a delivery element 14a, 16b of the delivery zone 30a and an inner wall 88 of the extruder housing 12a is increased relative to at least one other region 90 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • the fiber strand 34a and the additive 28a are mixed to form a fiber strand additive mixture 92 which fills the process space 76 by 30% to 80%, preferably by 50%.
  • a remaining space is filled to 70% to 20%, preferably to 50%, with a gas volume 94, which is entrained in the fiber strand feed and preferably consists of air.
  • the fiber-strand additive mixture 92 and the gas volume 94 are shown schematically for a partial section of the process chamber 76.
  • a volume ratio of fiber strand additive mixture 92 to gas volume 94 is adjusted by means of a unit 96 which adjusts either the amount of fiber strands 34a supplied and / or the amount of additive 28a supplied.
  • the conveying zone 30a is adjoined by a first compression zone 36 with two vertically arranged double-flighted conveying elements 50 and 98, which have a longitudinal extent of approximately 0.5 times the length of the conveying element outer diameter 82 and have a compression. have a m istsfunktion.
  • the gas volume 94 is squeezed out via a cross-sectional reduction by a small selected screw pitch and thus an increase in pressure from the process chamber 76 and the gas volume 94 is thus reduced by at least a quarter of its volume.
  • the gas volume 94 is reduced by half, and more preferably by its entire volume.
  • the gas volume reduction can also be reduced by changing a pitch of a worm gear.
  • the first compression zone 36 is adjoined by a degassing zone 38 having two vertically arranged double-flighted conveying elements 52 and 100, which have a longitudinal extent of approximately 2 times the length of the conveying element outer diameter 82 and those facing the conveying elements 50 and 98 have a higher pitch of the flights and thus have a relaxation function.
  • a housing degassing opening 102 is arranged, via which a vacuum source 104 can be applied to the extruder housing 12a for the construction and / or maintenance of a vacuum for reducing the gas molecules in the process chamber 76. It would also be possible only to apply an atmospheric pressure for degassing.
  • a further compression zone 40 having two vertically arranged single-start conveying elements 54 and 106, which have a longitudinal extent of approximately 0.5 times the length of the conveying element outer diameter 82, has a compression function and fer- have an influence on the fiber length.
  • the squeezing of the gas volume 94 is achieved by a very strong cross-section reduction.
  • Compression zone 40 a further degassing zone 222 with two vertically arranged double-flighted conveying elements 218 and 220, which have a longitudinal extent of about 2 times the length of winningelementau type, etc., a higher pitch of
  • a housing degassing opening 224 is arranged, via which the vacuum source 104 can be applied to the extruder housing 12a
  • a homogenization zone 42 which corresponds to 0.5 times the length of the conveying element outer diameter 82, is arranged.
  • the homogenization zone 42 may correspond to a maximum length of 3 times the length of the conveyor element outer diameter 82.
  • conveying element regions 108, 110 of the homogenizing zone 42 which are arranged vertically one above the other, passage regions 114, 116 are formed which enable a mass transfer between at least two device regions 118, 120.
  • the conveying element regions 108, 110 in the passage regions 114, 116 have a spacing between the screw crest and the screw root which is greater than and / or equal to 4 mm.
  • the mass transfer enables a uniform wetting of the fiber strand 34a by the additive 28a.
  • the homogenization zone 42 which also represents the end of the wetting area 22a, is adjoined in the axial conveying direction 74a by the discharge and delivery area 24a into which delivery elements 56, 112 extend.
  • the discharge and delivery area 24a can still extend to a maximum length of 6 times the length of the conveyor element outer diameter 82.
  • the multi-shaft extruder in the axial direction 74a, it is also possible to arrange several fiber strand feed units 32a for feeding different fiber strand types, such as ductile, tough and / or brittle fiber strands 34a.
  • the arrangement of the fiber strand feed units 32a can be tailored to the type of the fiber strand 34a. If a supply of brittle chopped fibers, a sodoosagaggregat, as shown in Figure 1, are used.
  • a side-dosing unit can take place in the area of the kneading blocks 58, 66, since the ductile fiber strands 34a can withstand the loading of the kneading block 58, 66 and / or can be impregnated with equal efficiency. Furthermore, the supply of ductile fiber strands 34a as cut fibers in the kneading blocks 58, 66 can take place via a side metering unit, and then in the axial conveying direction the supply of a brittle fiber strand 34g in the form of a continuous strand via a fiber strand feed unit 32g to a gate 190 (see FIG 10).
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative multi-shaft extruder 10b in a cross-section in the form of a ring extruder 122 with 12 conveying elements arranged distributed in the circumferential direction 124 14b, 16b, 126, of which only three have been provided with reference numerals for the sake of clarity.
  • the conveying elements 14b, 16b, 126 arranged in a closed pitch circle are enclosed by an extruder housing 12b and all have the same direction of rotation 60b.
  • a fiber strand feed unit 32b with two fiber strand feeds 128, 130 is arranged in a circumferential direction 124 one after the other at an angular distance of 180 °.
  • the fiber strand feeders 128, 130 are arranged at the same axial height of the extruder housing 12b, but an axially staggered arrangement would also be possible.
  • Each fiber strand feed 128, 130 has a fiber strand feed opening 80b and a transfer region 132, 134, in which fiber strands 34b fed through the fiber strand feeders 128, 130 are fed to an outer process space 136.
  • the process space 136 constitutes a guide clearance 138 for guiding at least one fiber strand 34b, wherein the guide clearance 138 is formed in a radial direction 140 between the conveying elements 14b, 16b, 126 and the extruder housing 12b.
  • the conveying elements 14b, 16b, 126 include a core 142b and in the radial direction 140 between the core 142b and the conveying elements 14b, 16b, 126, a filling gap 144 is arranged, which forms an inner process space 146.
  • a filling gap 144 is arranged in the- Sen Gillis 144 is introduced via the Rajstoffzu Swiss Kunststoffmaschine 26b an additive 28b, such as a plastic.
  • the core 142b may have at least one cooling channel 210 for temperature control of the system, which extends at least partially in the axial direction 74b.
  • FIG. 6 shows an alternative multi-shaft extruder 10c as a ring extruder 158 with a fiber strand feed unit 32c with four fiber strand feeders 160, 162, 164, 166 distributed at an angular distance of 90 ° around the circumference of the extruder housing 12c, each having a fiber strand feed opening 80c.
  • a feed unit 168 is arranged on at least one fiber strand feed 160, 162, 164, 166, the precoated cut fibers 170 before feeding a fiber strand 34c into the feed line Fiber strand feed 160 of the fiber strand 34c applies.
  • the cut fibers 170 are introduced into the fiber strand feed 160 with the fiber strand 34c.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further multi-screw extruder 10d as a ring extruder 172.
  • conveying element positions 174 are arranged radially around a core 142d, of which ten are arranged with conveying elements. elements 14d, 16d are filled and two empty as conveying element empty positions 176, 178 are executed. However, any number, combination and / or sequence of conveyor element-carrying and conveyor element-free conveyor element positions 174 can also be provided.
  • 178 extend at least from the area of the fiber feed unit 32d and preferably from the input area 20 to the discharge and conveying area 24 and are filled with separating filling pieces.
  • an input of various additives 28 can be made, which can be transported separately from one another by the separating filler pieces. If the separating filling pieces are arranged only in the axial conveying direction 74 after the fiber strand adding unit 32d, the flow of the molten additive 28 is proportionally directed into regions which are formed by the separating filler pieces.
  • At least two conveying elements 14d, 16d can be combined as a functional unit or as a conveying element unit 180.
  • a fiber strand 34d and the additive 28 can be transported in spaced-apart conveyor element units 180 by the arrangement of separation filler pieces in the empty positions 176, 178 in the circumferential direction 124.
  • FIG. 8 shows a preimpregnation device 182 with a
  • the coating takes place before a feed of the fiber strand 34e into the extruder device.
  • the additive 28e preferably a plastic, is applied to the fiber strand 34e as a film by means of at least one application device in the form of a nozzle 188.
  • at least one movement device in the form of a gate 190 is arranged on the coating unit 184, via which the fiber strand 34e is guided prior to passing the nozzle 188.
  • the gate 190 oscillates the supplied fiber strand (s) 34e in the process of application of the additive.
  • the feed unit 186 includes a first guide member 192 and a second guide member 194, both of which guide the fiber strand 34e. Since the fiber strand 34e is guided past the guide elements 192, 194 under tension by means of a tension generated by the extruder device, and the additive 28e on the second guide element 194 lies between the fiber strand 34e and a working surface 196 of the second guide element 194, the second guide element 194 operates the additive 28e in addition to the fiber strand 34e a.
  • a deflection unit 216 is arranged, which feeds the fiber strand 34e via a further guide element 228 of the fiber strand feed unit 32e.
  • a tear-off edge 226 is formed, which ensures that the additive film is transported to the fiber strand 34e.
  • a heat source 198 for example in the form of at least one incorporated into the guide elements 194, 196, 228, 230, is provided. heating jet, which heats the supplied and coated fiber strand 34e prior to feeding into the fiber strand feed unit 32e.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic section of a conveying path 200 with at least two conveying elements 202, 204 of a further multi-screw extruder 10f.
  • An extruder barrel 12f has an extruder barrel portion 206 disposed after the fiber strand feeding unit 32f and its fiber strand adding port 8Of and extending by a distance 3 times corresponds to a winningelementnau type tellmesser 82, in an axial conveying direction 74 f extends.
  • a further extruder housing region 208 is arranged, which has a transition 212 with a radial clearance reduction 256, which is conical.
  • the further extruder housing region 208 in turn merges into a discharge and delivery region 24f in which the one distribution unit 214 in the form of the conveying element 204 is arranged, which splits the fiber strands 34f into predetermined lengths.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic section of another multi-shaft extruder 10 g in the form of a ring extruder 232.
  • a conveying element 234 is arranged in an input region 20g, which is a conveying element 234
  • the conveyor element 234 is adjoined by a region which forms a filling gap 144 and an inner process region 146. From this filling gap 144, the additive 28g is transported in the radial direction 140 to the extruder housing 12g into an outer process space 136 or guide clearance 138 by means of a return conveying element 70g, which is arranged in the axial conveying direction 74g downstream of the conveying element 234.
  • a widened casing section is provided, through which an extruder casing conveying element gap 152 is formed.
  • This extruder housing conveying element gap 152 may additionally and / or alternatively be formed by a design of a conveying element 148.
  • the conveying element 148 has a smaller ratio of the conveying element outer diameter 82 (Da) to a conveying element inner diameter 150 (Di) in one area, for example the fiber strand feed area, compared to another area, such as the wetting area 22g (see FIG. 5) ).
  • a core segment 240 may be provided, which has a widened diameter with respect to the remaining part of the core 142g.
  • annular gap 154 for example arranged in the homogenization zone 42g and / or between two conveying elements 236, 238, which is designed without conveyor elements, extends at least by a length of one third of the length of the conveyor element outer diameter 82 and a radial channel height 156 of maximum (Da-Di) / 2.
  • the fiber strand feed unit serves to feed endless fiber strands and has a cylindrical insert 236 with a feed shaped part 244 and a holding edge 246 at the fiber strand feed opening 80g, wherein the feed shaped part 244 extends into the housing 12g counter to the radial direction 140.
  • the insert 242 further includes a longitudinal slot 248 into which the fiber strands 34g are inserted.
  • the insert 236 can be arranged rotatably offset at an angle of 0 ° to 45 ° to the conveying direction 74g.
  • a gate 190g is arranged, which feeds the fiber strands 34g, separated by gate webs 250, to the fiber feed unit 32g.
  • the gate 190 may be rotatably staggered at an angle of 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to the direction of conveyance 74g, with rotation of the gate 190 being independent of rotation of the insert 242 (see FIG. 11). Furthermore, the gate 190 can be adjusted in the vertical direction continuously relative to the insert 242. Reference sign

Abstract

Dispositif d'extrusion à plusieurs arbres qui comporte une unité d'introduction de faisceaux de fibres (32b, 32c, 32d). Selon la présente invention, ladite unité d'introduction de faisceaux de fibres (32b, 32c, 32d) comporte au moins deux orifices d'introduction de faisceaux de fibres (128, 130, 160 - 166, 252).
PCT/EP2008/002630 2007-04-03 2008-04-02 Dispositif d'extrusion à plusieurs arbres et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner ledit dispositif WO2008119560A1 (fr)

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