WO2008104159A2 - Tauchkapsel des leitholf-typs - Google Patents
Tauchkapsel des leitholf-typs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008104159A2 WO2008104159A2 PCT/DE2008/000329 DE2008000329W WO2008104159A2 WO 2008104159 A2 WO2008104159 A2 WO 2008104159A2 DE 2008000329 W DE2008000329 W DE 2008000329W WO 2008104159 A2 WO2008104159 A2 WO 2008104159A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- capsule
- immersion
- diver
- immersion capsule
- capsule according
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/46—Divers' sleds or like craft, i.e. craft on which man in diving-suit rides
Definitions
- the invention relates to a diving capsule of the so-called “Leitholf type", which is neither a pure buoyancy aid on the type of so-called underwater scooter, nor a classic submarine, but its own type of immersion capsule, such as. in WO 2003 097 445 A1.
- pressure in the immersion capsule remains after boarding the capsule near the surface of the water and descending to normal pressure, so that the diver, while underwater, e.g. is located at a depth of 200 m, but does not have to comply with decompression times because it is below the normal pressure prevailing at the earth's surface.
- Diving capsules of the Leitholf type make it possible to leave the immersion capsule for work under water without complex lock systems.
- the diver is under an overpressure, so he has to comply with the customary freediving rules for decompression.
- Diving capsules of the Leithof type allow divers to remain in deeper water for longer periods of time without having to comply with decompression times when diving, since they were just under normal pressure. Should the divers be at an military use on land or under
- the invention has for its object to improve a diving capsule of the Leithof type in terms of their stability and transport properties so that a transport by a person in the car is easily possible and corresponding dive capsules, for example. can also be sold by submarine-fired 5,3 mm torpedo tubes for military purposes.
- the invention has the advantage, without external, ie mounted on the outside of the capsule stabilizing devices to produce an extremely high stability around the longitudinal axis during operation of the immersion capsule under water, so that the capsule floats extremely stable.
- the embodiment according to claim 2 has the advantage that the immersion capsule can be disassembled for transportation in handy units that can be easily transported by a person and assembled in the water. Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following purely exemplary and non-limiting description of various embodiments in conjunction and the drawings.
- Fig. 1 shows a purely schematic schematic diagram of a dip capsule according to the invention in a partially sectioned side view.
- Fig. 2 shows a schematic plan view of the immersion capsule.
- Fig. 3 shows a section through the diving capsule transversely to the longitudinal direction, as seen in the direction of the boat's stern, wherein the section as shown in Fig. 1 indicated along the line Ill-Ill is performed.
- Fig. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in Fig .1.
- FIG. 5 shows a section along the line V-V in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through an immersion capsule according to the invention with a boiler-like buoyancy body.
- FIG. 7 shows a cross section through the boiler-like buoyancy body according to FIG. 6.
- Fig. 8 shows a longitudinal section through a dip capsule, wherein the
- Buoyancy is formed in the form of an inflatable bladder.
- Fig. 9 shows a cross section through a diving capsule with bubble-like
- Fig. 10 shows a diving capsule with bandage, tool and additional buoyancy tanks.
- 11 shows a cross section through the immersion capsule according to FIG. 10.
- Fig. 12 shows a dip capsule, wherein the main body of a to the
- Fig. 13 shows a submersible capsule with swash plate drive unit, wherein a part of the necessary technical equipment is provided in the chamber for receiving a diver, in vertical section.
- FIG. 14 shows a dip capsule according to FIG. 13 in horizontal section.
- Fig. 15 shows a schematic side section through a diving capsule with attached additional buoyancy tank.
- Fig. 16 shows a diving capsule for military use
- Multi-screw drive designed for the rear mine towing.
- FIG. 17 shows a schematic side view of a submersible capsule with two so-called pod drives.
- Fig. 18 shows the immersion capsule according to FIG. 17 in a schematic plan view, but with the two pod drives compared to FIG. the position shown in Fig. 17 are pivoted about the vertical axis.
- immersion capsule is surrounded by water, in the normal operating state (if he does not want to leave the immersion capsule or has boarded after leaving again) but depressurized, ie only under the prevailing at the earth's surface normal pressure is omitted here, since this principle extensively described, for example, in DE 102 35 842 A1, which is published and the disclosure of which is hereby expressly incorporated to supplement the known features of Leitholfscher immersion capsules which are not explicitly described here.
- 20 is a hatch cover, 21 a main body, 22 a cauldron forming together with the main body the unit referred to herein as float, 24 the buoyancy body, 24a a buoyancy body in the form of a fixed boiler, 24b a buoyancy body in the form of an inflatable one Bladder, 26 different possible places for a division of the main body, 28 the chamber for the diver, 30 buoyancy water in the buoyancy body, 34 a boiler for pumps and a boiler for exhaust air, 36 an exhaust hose with buoyant body, 39 a boiler for accommodating energy modules such as eg Accumulators, 40 a tare water boiler, 42 a pivotable drive unit, 44 a tensioned rubber skin, 46 a drive propeller, 48 a bandage as a tool holder, 50 a tool operating unit, 52 a
- energy modules such as eg Accumulators, 40 a tare water boiler, 42 a pivotable drive unit, 44 a tensioned rubber skin, 46 a drive propeller, 48 a
- Tool in particular a gripping arm, 58 a magnetic lead, 60 a drag mine, 62 drive propellers, 64 and 66 pod drives and 68 the screws of the pod drives.
- the diver after he has opened a preferably transparent hatch cover 20, which may consist of Plexiglas, for example, floats backwards into the float of the respective Immersion capsule on.
- the float may consist of a main body 21 and a cauldron 22, wherein the main body itself may be composed of a plurality of individual elements. In such an embodiment, then the hatch closes the cauldron.
- the float can also consist only of a possibly divided main body.
- a buoyant body disposed above the diver e.g. in the form of a fixed boiler or an inflatable bladder, is firmly connected to the float and filled with air.
- This buoyant body above the diver fulfills the task of giving the diving capsule so much buoyancy even when the hatch cover is open that it can not sink.
- Another object of this buoyant body is to keep the diving capsule stable about its longitudinal axis, so that even very large torques of a single propeller rotating at the stern can be compensated. It has surprisingly been found in experiments that by providing such a buoyant body on any external
- Stabilizing fins can be dispensed with and it is possible to stabilize the diving capsule alone with such a buoyant body about its longitudinal axis extremely.
- the buoyant body may also, when the diver ensures his breathing air supply with taken in the diving capsule compressed air bottles, record the exhalation of the diver, it being possible to provide that the exhaled air of the diver is blown via a small compressor in the initially under normal atmospheric pressure buoyant body.
- the rising of air bubbles to the water surface which made possible there a simple location of the immersion capsule, can be avoided.
- the buoyancy body can already be firmly integrated into the float and welded there, for example.
- the buoyant body can also be designed as a solid boiler or as an inflatable bladder and then in the event of, for example, in the water assembly of a Transportation purposes disassembled immersion capsule are introduced into the float. It is important that a fixation of the buoyant body is carried out relative to the float so that the float can not rotate about its longitudinal axis and the buoyancy body achieves the desired stabilizing effect.
- buoyant body is designed as a bladder 24b (FIGS. 8 and 9)
- the submersible capsule is not suitable for exiting at depth since the buoyant body would then be pressed by the ambient pressure when leaving the immersion capsule and lose its buoyancy effect. But such bubble-like buoyancy bodies have
- a bubble-like buoyancy body is preferably carried out of reinforced rubber or plastic fabric. The thus saved weight can then be "invested” in a thicker outer skin, without increasing the total weight of the immersion capsules compared to immersion capsules with a solid buoyant body.
- the immersion depth of the immersion capsule is done firstly by the fact that seawater can be injected into the buoyancy body and pumped, and secondly characterized in that a separate tare is provided at the rear of the immersion capsule, which allows a fine adjustment around the transverse axis, also filled with water and emptied can be.
- the depth is thus adjusted solely by the supply and discharge of very small amounts of water by means of two electric pumps.
- the immersion depth adjustment is thus similar to a buoyancy compensator of a freediver, in which the depth is adjusted by supplying and releasing compressed air in buoyancy.
- a pivotable drive propeller 46 may be provided at the rear, which does not increase the cross section of the immersion capsule, so that it can be exposed, for example via a torpedo tube of a submarine.
- a drive propeller may preferably have a reserve engine for safety reasons.
- the power transmission can preferably take place via an encapsulated poly-V belt drive.
- the water resistance of the immersion capsule can advantageously be reduced by tensioning an elastic skin 44 between the rear side of the immersion capsule opposite the access hatch and the hub of the propelling propeller 46, which defines a flooded cone, the internal pressure in the cone corresponding to the water pressure surrounding the immersion capsule. Within the cone then runs a drive shaft of the propeller 47, as indicated by the dashed line.
- the propeller can be pivoted, e.g. on a corresponding, to be controlled by the diver with his feet mechanics.
- two possible positions of the propeller are indicated, wherein elastic skin, drive shaft and propeller once as indicated by the reference numerals 44a, 46a and 47a and once as indicated by the lines 44b, 46b and 47b.
- Fig. 2 so not a dip capsule with two mutually offset rear propellers is shown, but there are two possible
- FIG. 15 shows such a submersible capsule with an additional buoyant body 56 attached to the main body 21.
- Diving capsules especially for commercial purposes and recreational divers can be produced inexpensively if the floating body is formed of aluminum, which is conically shaped on the sealing surfaces for receiving a front hood, in particular a Plexiglas hood, and for fastening a final rear wall by means of a forming technique for receiving the connections is.
- Fig. 12 shows such a shaped floating body 54 made of aluminum. It is even possible to produce floats of fiber-reinforced Kunststoffpreßmatten quasi mass-produced using eg a metallic form.
- the floating body is usually made of stainless steel, in particular a stainless steel with a strength of 2 2 at least 800 N / m, preferably made more than 900 N / m, such as stainless steel 1.4418. 6.
- other materials are also suitable for the floating body, such as a titanium material, in particular titanium 3.7165, titanium 3.7175 or titanium 3.7185. It is also possible to produce floating bodies of laminates in winding technology.
- the buoyancy body In all diving capsules, the buoyancy body must be matched to the weight of the diving capsule. Light, high-strength capsules require small buoyancy bodies, so that a compressed air supply of the diver with breathing air from the buoyancy body is only possible for a short time and thus compressed air must be taken in bottles for longer diving times.
- Regenerators circumvent the problem and also avoid the energy losses that are required in the use of stored in the buoyancy compressed air as breathing air through the use of an exhaust air compressor.
- the energy consumption of exhaust air compressors can be reduced by the use of
- the exhaust air compressor in this case has only the friction loss of air in the hose, which is a human
- the buoyant body in the immersion capsule should always be sized as large as possible, so that it can compensate for the drive screw torque in any case.
- the space available to the diver should, on the other hand, be as small as possible, so that the diver is surrounded by only a small amount of water and thus the heat loss which the diver experiences through the surrounding water is low.
- the dipping capsules shown in FIGS. 1, 6, 8, 10, 13, 14, 15 and 16 each have a so-called pre-vessel 22, which is connected upstream of the boiler 21, in which the diver is mainly located, as the main body.
- a cauldron 22 may receive a special oxygen cycle device placed under the diver's chest.
- the stern of the diving capsule can be designed so that in addition, for example, a 12-1 or a 20-liter compressed air cylinder can be carried, which allows a longer use outside of the diving capsule.
- the floating body may be divided several times, wherein the respective units are connected to each other for operation in a suitable manner known per se.
- the division into smaller units simplifies the transport considerably, but on the other hand increases the costs.
- Fig. 16 shows a diving capsule especially for military purposes.
- adhesive leads 58 are releasably supported on the immersion capsule over a series of bandages.
- the diving capsule pulls a tow mine 60 releasable after.
- the immersion capsule also has a plurality of drive propellers 62.
- the exhalation air of a diver which still contains on average about 16% oxygen and about 30% carbon dioxide, for combustion, e.g. can be used in a small so-called pocket oven for heating the capsule, before it as a flue gas
- immersion capsules the entrained technical equipment in Form of one or preferably two separate water pumps for taring, an exhaust air compressor and the power supply, which preferably takes place in the form of accumulators, in preferably pressure-tight encapsulated units, which are arranged at the rear of the submersible in front of the drive unit and can advantageously be designed in the form of plug-in modules carried.
- the necessary technical equipment may also be accommodated in one or more pressure-resistant capsules carried in the diver's compartment. This has the advantage that the drive unit can be moved directly by the diver with his feet.
- FIG. 13 and 14 Shown in Figures 13 and 14 is a submersible capsule thus configured, with lines 44a and 44b showing the elastic skin in two positions, lines 46a and 46b showing the propeller in two different positions.
- the immersion capsule thus does not comprise approximately two obliquely directed propellers, but the figures show a submersible capsule with a propeller in two different positions.
- Figures 17 and 18 show once in a schematic side view, once in a schematic plan view, a submersible capsule with two propeller pod drive members 64 and 66, generally usually referred to briefly as pod drives, each with a pivotable about the vertical axis at least by a certain angular range ⁇ 360 ° Gondola are equipped.
- the nacelles are streamlined and in this embodiment provided with two propellers 68, wherein in Fig. 18, the gondolas are each shown in a different pivot about the vertical axis position, they would be parallel to each other in Fig. 17 and aligned in the longitudinal direction of the immersion capsule ,
- a propeller of a nacelle acts as in the direction of travel in front of the
- each nacelle can also be a drive in the form of an electric motor.
- the propeller pods can be equipped with one or two propellers.
- the gondolas with two propellers are two variants conceivable: as in the embodiment shown, a traction and a co-rotating thrust propeller can be provided, or it can be provided two opposing draft propellers, in which case the second drafting propeller is arranged in the opposite direction rotating before the first draft propeller and does not have the task, in the overall system torques but to increase the hydrodynamic efficiency. Due to the two-propeller configuration, the efficiency of the drive can be significantly increased, both in the arrangement with two opposing Switzerland- and in the arrangement with a train and a co-rotating thrust propeller.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112008000273T DE112008000273A5 (de) | 2007-02-27 | 2008-02-27 | Tauchkapsel des Leitholf-Typs |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEDE102007009932.2 | 2007-02-27 | ||
DE102007009932 | 2007-02-27 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008104159A2 true WO2008104159A2 (de) | 2008-09-04 |
WO2008104159A3 WO2008104159A3 (de) | 2008-12-04 |
Family
ID=39651434
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2008/000329 WO2008104159A2 (de) | 2007-02-27 | 2008-02-27 | Tauchkapsel des leitholf-typs |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE112008000273A5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008104159A2 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010017471A1 (de) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-22 | Peter Leitholf | Schwimmhilfe für Taucher |
EP2899113A1 (de) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-29 | Nico Fischer | Tauchscooter |
DE202019001726U1 (de) | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-02 | Peter Leitholf | Beatmungssystem - Schnorchel für Tauchkapseln |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1271859A (en) * | 1968-11-05 | 1972-04-26 | Makai Range Inc | Mobile undersea dwelling |
GB2041301A (en) * | 1979-02-02 | 1980-09-10 | Bell H | Submersibles |
EP0168941A1 (de) * | 1984-06-06 | 1986-01-22 | David Daniel Cutler | Transporteinheit, zum Beispiel zur Rettung von Tauchern |
DE4027543A1 (de) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-03-05 | Peter Busch | Druckkoerper fuer unterwassergeraete |
EP0867360A2 (de) * | 1997-03-24 | 1998-09-30 | Stephan Dr.-Ing. Rudolph | Tauchgerät und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE10235842A1 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-27 | Peter Leitholf | Transportsystem für Taucher |
WO2003097445A1 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-27 | Peter Leitholf | Tauchkapsel und transportsystem für taucher |
-
2008
- 2008-02-27 DE DE112008000273T patent/DE112008000273A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-02-27 WO PCT/DE2008/000329 patent/WO2008104159A2/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1271859A (en) * | 1968-11-05 | 1972-04-26 | Makai Range Inc | Mobile undersea dwelling |
GB2041301A (en) * | 1979-02-02 | 1980-09-10 | Bell H | Submersibles |
EP0168941A1 (de) * | 1984-06-06 | 1986-01-22 | David Daniel Cutler | Transporteinheit, zum Beispiel zur Rettung von Tauchern |
DE4027543A1 (de) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-03-05 | Peter Busch | Druckkoerper fuer unterwassergeraete |
EP0867360A2 (de) * | 1997-03-24 | 1998-09-30 | Stephan Dr.-Ing. Rudolph | Tauchgerät und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE10235842A1 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-27 | Peter Leitholf | Transportsystem für Taucher |
WO2003097445A1 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-27 | Peter Leitholf | Tauchkapsel und transportsystem für taucher |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010017471A1 (de) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-22 | Peter Leitholf | Schwimmhilfe für Taucher |
DE102010017471B4 (de) * | 2010-06-18 | 2014-07-10 | Peter Leitholf | Schwimmhilfe für Taucher |
EP2899113A1 (de) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-29 | Nico Fischer | Tauchscooter |
DE202019001726U1 (de) | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-02 | Peter Leitholf | Beatmungssystem - Schnorchel für Tauchkapseln |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2008104159A3 (de) | 2008-12-04 |
DE112008000273A5 (de) | 2009-10-29 |
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