WO2008061423A1 - Véhicule électrique - Google Patents

Véhicule électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008061423A1
WO2008061423A1 PCT/CN2007/002516 CN2007002516W WO2008061423A1 WO 2008061423 A1 WO2008061423 A1 WO 2008061423A1 CN 2007002516 W CN2007002516 W CN 2007002516W WO 2008061423 A1 WO2008061423 A1 WO 2008061423A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric vehicle
shaft
gear
output
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/002516
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fu Gen Li
Shengliang Zhang
Original Assignee
Fengri Electric Group Co. Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fengri Electric Group Co. Ltd filed Critical Fengri Electric Group Co. Ltd
Priority to US12/312,595 priority Critical patent/US20100051370A1/en
Priority to DE212007000084U priority patent/DE212007000084U1/de
Publication of WO2008061423A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008061423A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L8/00—Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L8/00—Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • B60L8/003—Converting light into electric energy, e.g. by using photo-voltaic systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/007—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with means for converting solar radiation into useful energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/12—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing kinetic energy, e.g. using flywheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/32—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on moving objects, e.g. vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
    • H02S10/12—Hybrid wind-PV energy systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
    • B60W2510/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
    • B60W2510/244—Charge state
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/94—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a movable wheeled structure
    • F05B2240/941—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a movable wheeled structure which is a land vehicle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/90—Energy harvesting concepts as power supply for auxiliaries' energy consumption, e.g. photovoltaic sun-roof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automobile, and more particularly to an electric vehicle.
  • Fuel cell electric vehicles use hydrogen as a fuel to generate electric energy through the chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen as the power source of the automobile. Its advantage is that the energy conversion rate is high, several times higher than that of the internal combustion engine, and the resources are rich.
  • the chemical reaction product is water. It has good environmental protection effect, the structure of the automobile is simple, and the moving parts are few.
  • the disadvantages are that the hydrogen fuel energy conversion technology and the high-pressure hydrogen storage hydrogen storage and safety technologies are immature and costly, and cannot be commercialized.
  • the power of a hybrid vehicle consists of a motor and an internal combustion engine, which are driven by an internal combustion engine or an electric motor alone or simultaneously.
  • the advantage is that the fuel quantity is smaller than that of the pure internal combustion engine, and the harmful substances are discharged and the noise is reduced.
  • the disadvantages are that the power system is complicated, the manufacturing cost is high, the space is occupied, the harmful substances are discharged, and the noise is reduced, but the environment is still caused. Pollution, and there are defects in secondary energy conversion.
  • a pure electric vehicle is equipped with a battery, an electric motor and a motor control device or a battery management system. The battery is supplied to the motor through the battery to drive the motor, and the energy is supplemented by charging.
  • the utility model has the advantages that the automobile has simple structure, no fuel, no pollution, low noise, low use cost, simple and convenient maintenance and use, and great economic and social benefits.
  • the shortcomings are: short driving range, low maximum driving speed, long charging time, large transmission loss and high price.
  • the reason is that the current vehicle quality is too heavy, the transmission loss is large, the energy supplement mode is single, and the charging speed is slow.
  • the use of traditional driving methods leads to low energy conversion rate, and the battery connection structure is unreasonable, resulting in large connection resistance, inconvenient battery replacement, and high energy consumption of driving of automobile air conditioning systems and wipers.
  • the driving range is short and the battery life is short; 'At present, although some progress has been made through continuous research, the results are not satisfactory.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle in which a vehicle is supplemented with energy in various ways, has high energy conversion efficiency, has low transmission loss, has fast speed response, and has a long driving range.
  • an electric vehicle including a vehicle body, an electric driving device, a battery and a control system, wherein: the vehicle body is provided with a wind power generating device, The roof and the front of the vehicle body are provided with solar photovoltaic panels electrically connected to the battery.
  • the wind power generation device mainly consisting of a collector, an impeller chamber, an impeller chamber cover, a blade, a wind wheel, a drive shaft, a bushing, a split bearing, a shift fork, a transmission, a generator, and Control device composition.
  • the utility model is characterized in that: the top of the vehicle body is provided with a wind vent which is integrated with the vehicle body and can be used for snoring and closing the air inlet, and a vent nozzle is arranged at the tail of the air vent, and is arranged at the air nozzle.
  • the utility model has an impeller chamber and an air outlet which can communicate with the vehicle interior.
  • the generator and the transmission are integrally mounted on the vehicle body, and a spline bushing extends on the transmission, and a split bearing is arranged at the end, and the spline bushing is provided There is a fork connected to the parking handle.
  • One end of the drive shaft is provided with a spline and is set in the spline bushing, and the other end is inserted in a sleeve provided at the bottom of the impeller chamber cover, and at least one positioning is installed in the middle portion.
  • the pin has a groove at the center of the through hole.
  • the end face is provided with at least one groove and is mounted on the sleeve.
  • the upper end surface of the center hole of the wind wheel is provided with at least one groove and is mounted on the drive shaft below the positioning pin.
  • the electric vehicle driving device includes a second speed transmission, a transaxle, and a high and low torque converter, and the output of the second speed transmission is meshed with the transaxle through a small driving gear, and the input thereof
  • the output end of the high and low torque converters is terminated, and the input ends of the high and low torque converters are respectively connected with a small motor clutch and a large motor clutch connected to the vehicle power supply, and the drive axle is provided with a half shaft for driving the wheel to rotate.
  • Yet another improvement of the present invention is: an accumulator is meshed with a gear provided on a small drive shaft of the output of the second speed transmission via a ratchet disposed thereon.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is: providing a solar water heater heating and cooling device at a rear portion of the vehicle body, wherein the solar water heater heating and cooling device is installed with a solar water heater at a rear portion of the vehicle body, and an outlet pipe thereof
  • the circulating pump and the absorption refrigerating machine are respectively connected, and the output of the circulating pump and the absorption refrigerating machine are respectively connected to the heat exchanger, and the output of the heat exchanger is connected to the fan, and the fan is sent to the vehicle to provide the whole vehicle hot and cold air conditioning.
  • the vehicle body is provided with a compression air bag, and the air bag is disposed in the vehicle body interlayer and connected through a pipe.
  • the output of the air bag is respectively connected to a air motor and a pneumatic wiper connected to the air conditioner compressor.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is: a flywheel is meshed with a gear provided on a shaft of the second speed transmission and a gear provided on a small driving gear shaft of the output of the second speed transmission, and a brake connected to the hand brake lever is mounted on the flywheel.
  • Pliers, a generator is mounted on the flywheel.
  • the drive unit is further provided with an air compressor that meshes with the inner axle gears of the transaxle.
  • Yet another improvement of the present invention is: Mounting a generator on the half shaft of the drive unit, the generator rotor is mounted on the half shaft, and the stator is mounted on the half sleeve.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is: the accumulator is composed of a housing, a positioning shaft, an energy storage unit, an output pinion, and a one-way gear, and the positioning shaft and the output pinion are mounted in parallel on the housing.
  • Positioning An energy storage unit that is spline-connected between the shaft and the output pinion is mounted between the housings, and the output pinion end is provided with an output gear that meshes with a one-way gear mounted on the housing,
  • the output gear is inserted with a positioning pin mounted on the casing
  • the energy storage unit is composed of a baffle, a ratchet shaft, a pawl, a gear, and an energy storage spring.
  • the gear, the energy storage magazine and the baffle are sequentially installed.
  • one side of the baffle is fixed on the positioning shaft, one end of the accumulator spring is fixed on the ratchet shaft, and the other end is connected with the positioning shaft, and the outer ring gear of the gear meshes with the output pinion, the pawl One end is mounted on the gear by a locating pin and the other end is engaged with a ratchet on the outer circumference of the ratchet shaft.
  • a further improvement of the invention is that the accumulator can be combined in a plurality of superpositions.
  • the bottom of the battery case is provided with a roller, and the elastic positioning ratchet is symmetrically disposed on the outer side of the battery case, and the battery positive and negative output poles are disposed on the upper side of the battery case.
  • the outer surface of the battery post is conical, and a through groove is formed in the center.
  • the battery pole hole is provided with a tapered sleeve
  • the inner wall of the tapered sleeve is provided with a circular circular boss and is locked in a circular groove provided on the battery pole.
  • the outer surface of the tapered sleeve is provided with a thread that can be screwed to a nut provided at an end of the external wire.
  • a further improvement of the invention is that the end of the wire is provided with a male connector that mates with the battery post.
  • the wind power generation device used in the present invention can lift the blade out of the vehicle when the vehicle is parked, and at this time, the blade rotates under the action of the wind to drive the generator to rotate and generate electricity, and the control device Charging the battery;
  • the blade can be placed in the blade chamber. At this time, the wind is blown out through the air blowing nozzle, and the wind wheel is rotated, and the generator is also rotated to generate electricity.
  • the wind damper is closed and the wind power generator is not working.
  • the structure for electrically connecting a solar photovoltaic panel to a battery on the vehicle body used in the present invention can fully utilize solar energy and convert it into electric energy.
  • the solar water heater heating and cooling device used in the invention The hot water generated by the solar water heater is separately sent to a heater or an absorption chiller to provide a cold and hot air source for the vehicle to adjust the temperature of the air inside the vehicle.
  • the structure of the compressed air driven air conditioner compressor and the wiper used in the present invention is to drive a pneumatic motor and a pneumatic wiper connected to the air conditioner compressor by using compressed air stored in the interlayer of the vehicle body. To reduce the consumption of electrical energy and extend the life of the battery.
  • the battery case body and the pole column coupling structure used in the present invention are: a roller is arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the battery case, and an elastic ratchet positioning block is arranged on the two sides or both ends of the battery case, on the side of the battery case.
  • the upper part is provided with positive and negative battery output poles, and a cylindrical sleeve is arranged in the battery pole hole, and a circular boss is arranged on the inner wall of the tapered sleeve and is locked in a circular groove provided on the battery pole.
  • the outer surface of the tapered sleeve is provided with a thread that can be screwed with a nut provided at an end of the external wire, and the end of the wire is provided with a male and female joint matched with the battery pole.
  • the battery shell body and the pole column coupling structure when the external force is pulled, the pole column is not damaged, and is also not easy to be oxidized, the folding and folding is convenient and fast, the fastening is firm, the moving is light, and the battery is not easily damaged, which is suitable for the electric vehicle.
  • the bottom of the battery casing body is provided with a roller, and the roller is placed in a groove corresponding to the position where the battery is installed, which is convenient for dragging the battery and making the installation stable and firm.
  • the elastic ratchet positioning block provided on both sides of the battery case is positioned with the buckle between the battery holders, and the wrench and other fasteners are not needed, and the fixing is firm.
  • the accumulator used in the present invention can input energy into the energy storage unit by external force, and directly transfer the energy accumulated in the accumulator to the vehicle driving device when the vehicle starts or goes uphill, and assists in pushing Motor sports.
  • the invention is suitable for use in large, medium and small vehicles, and is also suitable for other mechanical use.
  • the accumulator has simple structure, light weight, large energy storage, large torque, fast input energy, no oil burning, no pollution, assembly and disassembly and maintenance. Convenient, low cost of use, long service life and battery can increase the torque of electric vehicles, improve the acceleration, climb, and maximum speed of electric vehicles, extend the driving range, and reduce the number of batteries.
  • the electric vehicle driving device used in the present invention a driving device in which a two-speed transmission and an input end are respectively connected with a high-low torque converter of a small driving motor and a large driving motor, and a large driving is used at the start of the vehicle.
  • the electric machine is driven by a motor and driven by a small drive motor at a high speed to meet the driving conditions required for the vehicle to start and drive, so that the electric vehicle can drive at the optimum efficiency and improve the energy conversion of the electric vehicle.
  • Efficiency can effectively increase the driving range of electric vehicles, improve the working conditions of the drive motor and battery, and effectively extend the service life of the drive motor and battery.
  • the present invention is provided with a wind power generation device in an automobile body, a solar photovoltaic panel electrically connected to the battery at the roof and the front, and a flywheel meshed with the output shaft of the transmission.
  • the structure of the generator and the generator provided on the half shaft of the driving device is provided, so that the vehicle can obtain the wind energy and the solar energy to supplement the energy of the battery while driving and parking, and the flywheel can be obtained when the vehicle is decelerating.
  • the electric energy generated by the generator and the half-shaft generator supplements the energy of the battery, thereby effectively extending the driving range of the electric vehicle battery and the service life of the battery.
  • the invention adopts a solar water heater heating and cooling device on the vehicle body, and is provided in the vehicle body.
  • the airbag is compressed to output a pneumatic motor and a pneumatic wiper that respectively drive the air conditioner compressor, thereby greatly saving the power consumption of the automobile and effectively prolonging the driving range and service life of the battery;
  • the invention is provided with an accumulator which is arranged on the driving device and is driven by a small driving gear at the output end of the transmission.
  • an accumulator which is arranged on the driving device and is driven by a small driving gear at the output end of the transmission.
  • the invention is a driving device which combines a low-speed torque converter with a small driving motor and a large driving motor respectively, and can solve the problem that the driving condition of the automobile matches the motor power, and It can obtain higher energy conversion and save energy, that is, use the large drive electric motor to improve the machine drive when the car starts, and use the small drive motor to drive the work mode at high speed to meet the driving force required for the car to start and drive.
  • Working conditions improve the working conditions of the drive motor and battery, and effectively extend the service life of the drive motor and battery.
  • the torque force is further enhanced, the acceleration, climbing, and high-speed driving performance are improved, and the power variation requirements of all operating conditions of the electric vehicle are satisfied, so that the electric vehicle is at the optimum efficiency.
  • Driving which greatly reduces the transmission loss and improves the load and driving range of the electric vehicle.
  • the invention adopts the structure that the battery pole and the end of the wire are matched with the male and female connectors and is screwed by the nut, which can effectively reduce the connection resistance of the battery and reduce the energy consumption, and is convenient to install and disassemble at the same time. .
  • the present invention can save a large amount of electric energy by utilizing a sandwich structure, storing compressed gas, using a compressor to supplement gas, and using a compressed gas to drive an air conditioner compressor and driving a wiper, thereby increasing the driving range.
  • the invention has an energy storage device which is composed of a plurality of energy storage units due to the novel structure and light weight, has large energy storage, large torque, long service life and fast input energy. It can effectively reduce the power consumption, and thus greatly increase the mileage.
  • the present invention - an electric vehicle disclosed in the technical solution, can effectively improve the operating conditions of the electric vehicle, reduce the power consumption of the vehicle, the vehicle can obtain a variety of ways of energy supplement during operation, effectively extend the electric
  • the driving range of the car prolonging the service life of the battery and the driving motor, improving the 'energy conversion rate, suitable for industrial large-scale production, can be used as an upgraded product of the existing electric vehicle.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the mechanism of the wind power generator in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of a portion B of Figure 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a driving device of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of heating and cooling of a solar water heater according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of a pneumatic air conditioner and a wiper of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of an accumulator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the battery casing of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is an enlarged view of the portion of Figure 10C of the present invention.
  • an electric vehicle including a vehicle body 1-1, an electric drive device
  • the vehicle body 1-1 is provided with a wind power generation device 1-5
  • the roof 1-6 and the front 1 of the vehicle body 1-1 -7 is provided with solar photovoltaic panels 1-8 electrically connected to said batteries 1-3.
  • the wind power generator 1-5 of the present invention includes a collector 2-4, an impeller chamber
  • the roof 1-6 of the vehicle body 1-1 is provided with a collector 2-4 which is integral with the vehicle body and which can open and close the air inlet 2-7, and a rear end of the collector 2-4 is installed.
  • the air nozzle 2-2 is provided at the air nozzle 2-2 with an impeller chamber 2-6 and an air outlet which can communicate with the interior of the vehicle.
  • the generator 3-1 and the transmission 3-2 are mounted on the vehicle.
  • a spline bushing 3-10 extends from the transmission 3-2, and a separating bearing 3-4 is disposed at the end thereof, and a spline connected to the parking handle is disposed in the spline bushing 3-10.
  • the drive shaft 3-5 is provided with a spline and is fitted in the spline bushing 3-10, and the other end is inserted into the sleeve 3-11 provided at the bottom of the impeller chamber cover 3-9, wherein
  • the portion is provided with at least one positioning pin 3-12, and the lower end surface of the central hole of the blade is provided with at least one groove 3-13 and is mounted on the sleeve 3-11, and at least one upper end surface of the central through hole of the wind wheel 3-7 is provided
  • the grooves 3-14 are mounted on the drive shaft 3-5 below the locating pins 3-12.
  • the electric drive device 1-2 of the present invention comprises a second speed transmission 5-1, a drive axle 5-2, a high and low torque converter 5-3, and the output of the second speed transmission 5-1 passes
  • the small driving gear 5-4 meshes with the transaxle 5-2 side gear 5-8, and the input end thereof is connected to the output end of a high and low torque converter 5-3, and the input ends of the high and low torque converter 5-3 are respectively connected
  • a small motor clutch 5-5 and a large motor clutch 5-6 connected to the vehicle power supply are equipped with a half shaft 5-7 for driving the wheel to rotate.
  • an accumulator 6-1 is meshed with a gear 6-3 provided on the small drive shaft of the output of the second speed transmission 5-3 via a ratchet 6-2 disposed thereon.
  • the solar water heater heating and cooling device 1-9 of the present invention is disposed at the rear of the vehicle body, and the outlet pipes are respectively connected to the circulation pump 7-1 and the absorption refrigerating machine 7-2, and the circulation pump 7-1
  • the output of the absorption chiller 7-2 is connected to the heat exchanger 7-3, and the output of the heat exchanger 7-3 is connected to the blower 7-4, which is sent to the vehicle by the blower 7_4 to provide the whole vehicle hot and cold air conditioner.
  • a compression air bag 8 is disposed in the vehicle body 1-1, and the air bag 8-1 is disposed in the vehicle body interlayer and connected through a pipe.
  • the output of the air bag 8-1 is respectively connected to the air conditioner.
  • the air motor 8-2 and the pneumatic wiper 8 - 4 connected to the compressor 8-3.
  • a flywheel 6-4 is meshed with a gear 6-6 disposed on the shaft 6-5 and a gear 6-3 disposed on the output shaft of the second transmission 5-1.
  • a brake caliper connected to the hand brake lever is mounted on the flywheel 6-4, and a generator 6-7 is mounted on the flywheel.
  • the drive unit 1-2 is further provided with an air compressor 5-9 which is meshed with the inner side gears 5-8 of the transaxle 5-2.
  • a generator 5-10 is mounted on the half shaft 5-7 of the driving device 1-2, and the generator 5-10 rotor is mounted on the half shaft 5-7, and the stator is mounted on On the semi-axle sleeve.
  • the accumulator 6-1 is composed of a housing 9-1, a positioning shaft 9-2, an energy storage unit 9-3, an output pinion 9-4, and a one-way gear 9-5.
  • the positioning shaft 9-2 and the output pinion 9-4 are mounted in parallel on the housing 9-1, and are mounted between the positioning shaft 9-2 and the housing 9-1 between the output pinions 9-4.
  • An energy storage unit 9-3 connected end to end by a spline 9-6, and an output gear 9 meshing with a one-way gear 9-5 mounted on the housing 9-1 is provided at an end of the output pinion 9-4.
  • baffle 9-3-1 is sequentially mounted on the ratchet shaft 9-3-2, one side of the baffle 9-3-1 is fixed on the positioning shaft 9-2, and the accumulator spring 9-3-5 is fixed at the end
  • the ratchet shaft 9-3-2 is connected to the positioning shaft 9-2, the outer ring gear of the gear 9-3-4 is meshed with the output pinion 9-4, and one end of the pawl 9-3-3 is passed through the positioning pin.
  • 9- 3 - 6 amps It is mounted on the gear 9-3-4, and the other end meshes with the ratchet on the outer circumference of the ratchet shaft 9-3-2.
  • the accumulator 6-1 can be constructed by a plurality of superimposed combinations.
  • the bottom of the battery 1-3 housing 10-3 is provided with a roller 10-1, and an elastic positioning ratchet 10-2 is symmetrically disposed at a lower portion of the outer side of the battery case 10-3.
  • the upper and lower sides of 10-3 are provided with positive and negative battery output poles 10-4.
  • the outer surface of the battery post 10-4 is conical, and a through groove is arranged in the center.
  • the pole post 10-5 of the battery 1-3 housing 10-3 is fitted with a tapered sleeve 10-6, and the inner wall of the tapered sleeve 10-6 is provided with a tapered sleeve 10-6.
  • the circular circular boss 10-6-1 is inserted into the circular groove 10-4-1 provided on the battery pole 10-4, and the outer surface of the tapered sleeve 10-6 is provided with an external wire
  • the nut of the 10-7 end is screwed, and the end of the wire 10-7 is provided with a male and female connector matched with the battery post 10-4.

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Description

一种电动汽车 技术领域
本发明涉及一种汽车， 尤其是涉及一种电动汽车。
背景技术
目前国内外的电动汽车主要分为： 燃料电池电动汽车、 混合动力汽车、 纯 电动汽车三类。 燃料电池电动汽车是以氢为燃料， 通过氢和氧之间的化学反应 产生电能作为汽车的动力源， 它的优势是能量转化率高， 超过内燃机好几倍， 资源丰富， 化学反应产物为水， 具有良好的环境保护效果， 汽车的结构简单， 运动零部件少， 缺点是氢燃料能量转化技术和高压供氢储氢及安全等技术不成 熟并且成本高， 不能商业化生产。 混合动力汽车的动力由电机和内燃机组成， 釆用内燃机或电动机单独或同时使用实现驱动。其优点是燃油量比纯内燃机小， 有害物排放、 噪音均有所降低， 其缺点是动力系统复杂， 制造成本高， 占用空 间大， 有害物排放、 噪音虽然有所降低， 但仍对环境造成污染， 并存在二次能 源转换缺陷。 纯电动汽车是装备有蓄电池、 电动机及电动机控制装置或电池管 理系统， 通过蓄电池向电机供电使电机运转， 从而驱动汽车行驶， 能量的补充 方式为充电。 其优点是汽车结构简单、 无须燃油、 无污染、 噪音低， 使用成本 低， 维护使用简单方便， 经济和社会效益巨大。 其缺点是： 续驶里程短、 最大 行驶速度较低、 充电时间长、 传动损失大、 价格高， 究其原因是目前汽车整车 质量过重、 传动损失大、 能量补充方式单一， 充电速度慢， 尤其是釆用传统的 驱动方式导致能量转换率低， 另外电池连接结构不合理而导致连接电阻大、 电 池更换不方便及汽车空调系统、 雨刮器等的驱动能耗较多等均导致电动汽车续 驶里程短、 电池使用寿命短;' 目前虽经过不断研究取得了一些进展， 但其成效 还不令人满意，
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种车辆在行驶时采用多种方式补充能量、 能量转 换效率高， 传动损失少、 速度响应快， 续驶里程长的电动汽车。
为达到上述目的， 本发明采用的技术方案是： 一种电动汽车， 包括车体、 电动驱动装置、 蓄电池及控制系统， 其特征在于： 所述的车体设有风力发电装 置， 在所述的车体的车顶及车头设有与所述的蓄电池电连接的太阳能光电池板。
本发明的进一步改进是： 所述的风力发电装置， 主要由聚风戽、 叶轮室、 叶轮室盖、 桨叶、 风轮、 驱动轴、 轴套、 分离轴承、 拨叉、 变速器、 发电机及 控制器件组成。 其特点是： 所述的车体的顶部设置有一个与车身为一体的可打 幵和关闭进风口的聚风戽， 在聚风戽的尾部装有一个喷风嘴， 在喷风嘴处设置 有一个叶轮室和可与车内相通的出风口， 所述发电机、 变速器一体安装在车体 上， 变速器上延伸一花键轴套， 其端都设有一分离轴承， 花键轴套内设有一与 驻车手柄相连的拨叉， 驱动轴一端设有花键并套装在花键轴套内， 另一端插装 在设于叶轮室盖底部的轴套内， 其中部装有至少一根定位销， 桨叶中心通孔下 .端面至少设有一凹槽并安装在轴套上， 风轮中心通孔上端面至少设有一凹槽并 安装在驱动轴上处于定位销下方。
本发明的又一改进是： 所述的电动汽车驱动装置包括一个二挡变速器、 一 驱动桥、 一高低变矩器， 所述二挡变速器输出端通过小主动齿轮与驱动桥相啮 合， 其输入端接一高低变矩器的输出端， 高低变矩器的输入端分别接有一与汽 车电源连接的小电机离合器及大电机离合器， 所述驱动桥内装有驱动车轮转动 的半轴。
本发明的又一改进是： 一蓄能器通过其上设置的棘轮与设于二挡变速器输 出端小主动齿轮轴上的齿轮啮合传动。
本发明的进一步改进是： 在所述的车体的后部设有太阳能热水器供暖降温 装置， 所述的太阳能热水器供暖降温装置是在所述的车体的后部安装有太阳能 热水器， 其出水管分别接循环泵及吸收式制冷机， 循环泵及吸收式制冷机的输 出分别接热交换器， 热交换器的输出接风机， 由风机送至车内提供整车冷热空 调。
本发明的更进一步改进是： 所述的车体内设有压缩气囊， 所述气囊设置于 车体夹层中并通过管道相连， 气囊的输出分别接与空调压缩机相连的气动马达 及气动雨刮器。
本发明的又一改进是： 一飞轮通过其轴上设置的齿轮与二挡变速器输出端 小主动齿轮轴上设置的齿轮啮合传动， 在所述的飞轮上装有与手制动杆相连的 制动钳， 在所述的飞轮上装有一个发电机。 、
本发明的又一改进是： 在所述的驱动装置上还装有一与驱动桥内半轴齿轮 啮合传动的空气压缩机。
本发明的又一改进是： 在驱动装置的半轴上装有一个发电机， 所述发电机 转子安装在半轴上， 定子安装在半轴套上。
本发明的进一步改进是： 所述的蓄能器由壳体、 定位轴、 蓄能单元、 输出 齿轴、 单向齿轮组成， 所述定位轴、 输出齿轴平行安装在壳体上， 在所述定位 轴、 输出齿轴之间的壳体之间安装首尾通过花键相接的蓄能单元， 所述输出齿 轴端部设有一与安装在壳体上的单向齿轮啮合的输出齿轮， 所述输出齿轮上插 装有一安装在壳体上的定位销， 所述蓄能单元由挡板、 棘轮轴、 棘爪、 齿轮、 蓄能弹簧组成， 所述齿轮、 蓄能弹黉、 挡板依次安装在棘轮轴上， 所述挡板的 一侧固定在定位轴上， 蓄能弹簧一端固装在棘轮轴上， 另一端与定位轴相连， 齿轮的外齿圈与输出齿轴相啮合， 棘爪一端通过定位销安装在齿轮上， 另一端 与棘轮轴外圆周上的棘齿相啮合。
本发明的进一步改进是： 所述的蓄能器可多个叠加组合。
本发明的进一步改进是： 所述的蓄电池壳体底部设有滚轮， 在蓄电池壳体 外侧下部对称设置有弹性定位棘齿， 在蓄电池壳体侧面上部设有蓄电池正负极 输出极柱。
本发明的进一步改进是： 所述的蓄电池极柱外表面为圆锥形， 中心设有一 通槽。
本发明的进一步改进是： 所述的蓄电池极柱孔内卡装有一锥形套， 锥形套 内壁上设有一圈圆形凸台并卡装在蓄电池极柱上设置的圆形凹槽中， 所述锥形 套外表面设有可与外接导线端部设置的螺母螺接的螺纹。
本发明的进一步改进是： 所述的导线端部设置有与蓄电池极柱相匹配的公 母接头。
本发明的工作原理及优点简述于下：
. 一： 本发明的工作原理简述于下：
1、 本发明中所釆用的风力发电装置， 在汽车驻车时， 可将桨叶升出车外、 此时桨叶在风力作用下带动转动进而带动发电机旋转而发电， 经控制器件向蓄 电池充电； 当汽车行驶或下坡时， 可使桨叶处于桨叶室内， 此时风经聚风戽的 喷风嘴喷出， 吹动风轮转动， 同样使发电机旋转而发电。 当汽车行驶时， 将聚 风戽风门关闭， 风力发电装置则不参加工作。
2、 本发明中所采用的在车体上设置太阳能光伏电池板与蓄电池电连接的结 构， 可充分利用太阳能并将其转换为电能。
3、 本发明中所采用的太阳能热水器供暖降温装置。 是将太阳能热水器产生 的热水分别输送至暖风机或吸收式制冷机， 以分别提供车用冷、 热气源， 调节 车内空气温度。
4、 本发明中所采用的压缩空气驱动空调压缩机和雨刮器的结构、 是利用储 存在车体夹层中的压缩空气分别驱动与空调压缩机连接的气动马达及气动雨刮 器， 以减少电能的消耗， 延长蓄电池的使用寿命。
5、 本发明中所采用的蓄电池壳本体及极柱联接结构： 是在蓄电池壳体底部 四角处设置滚轮， 在蓄电池壳体两侧或两端下部设置弹性棘齿定位块， 在蓄电 池壳体侧面上部设有蓄电池正负极输出极柱， 蓄电池极柱孔内卡装有一锥形套， 锥形套内壁上设有一圈圆形凸台并卡装在蓄电池极柱上设置的圆形凹槽中， 所 述锥形套外表面设有可与外接导线端部设置的螺母螺接的螺纹， 所述的导线端 部设置有与蓄电池极柱相匹配的公母接头。 这种蓄电池壳本体及极柱联接结构， 当外力拉动时， 极柱不会损坏， 同时也不易氧化， 装折方便快捷， 紧固牢靠， 搬动轻便， 不易损坏蓄电池， 适合电动汽车使用由于在蓄电池壳本体底部装有 滚轮， 并使滚轮处于安装蓄电池相对应的位置上的凹槽内， 既方便拖动蓄电池， 又能使其安装稳定牢固。 蓄电池壳体两侧设置的弹性棘齿定位块与蓄电池架之 间釆用卡扣定位， 无需使用扳手和其它紧固件， 固定牢靠。
6、 本发明中所采用的蓄能器， 可通过外力， 将能量输入蓄能单元中， 当汽 车起步或上坡时， 将蓄积在蓄能器中的能量直接输送至汽车驱动装置， 辅助推 动汽车运动。 本发明适合大中小各类汽车上使用， 也适合其它机械上使用， 本 蓄能器结构简单， 重量轻， 蓄能大， 扭矩大， 输入能量快， 不烧油， 无污染， 装拆和维修方便， 使用成本低， 使用寿命长与蓄电池配合使用能使电动汽车增 加转矩， 提高电动汽车加速、 爬坡、 最高速度的行驶性能， 延长续驶里程， 还 可减少电池数量。
7、 本发明中所采用的电动汽车驱动装置： 釆用二挡变速器与输入端分别接 有小驱动电机及大驱动电机的高低变矩器组合而成的驱动装置， 在汽车起步时 使用大驱动电改善机驱动而高速行驶时使用小驱动电机驱动的工作方式， 以满 足汽车起步与行驶时所需驱动力不同的工况， 使电动汽车在最佳效率下行驶， 提高了电动汽车的能量转换效率， 可有效增加电动汽车的续驶里程， 改善驱动 电机及蓄电池的工作条件， 有效延长驱动电机及蓄电池的使用寿命。
本发明的优点简述于下： 1、本发明由于采用在汽车车体设有风力发电装置， 在车顶及车头设有与蓄电池电连接的太阳能光电池板、 在与变速器输出轴啮合 传动的飞轮上设置有发电机及在驱动装置半轴上设置的发电机的结构形式， 可 使汽车在行驶、 驻车时， 获得风能、 太阳能对蓄电池能量的补充， 而在车辆行 驶减速时， 可获得飞轮发电机及半轴发电机产生的电能对蓄电池能量的补充， 因而可有效延长电动汽车蓄电池的续驶里程和蓄电池的使用寿命。
2、 本发明由于采用在车体上设置太阳能热水器供暖降温装置， 在车体内设 置压缩气囊， 使其输出分别驱动空调压缩机的气动马达及气动雨刮器， 因而可 以大大节省汽车的耗电量， 有效延长蓄电池的续驶里程和使用寿命；
3、 本发明由于釆用在驱动装置上设置与变速器输出端小主动齿轮啮合传动 的蓄能器， 在汽车起步时， 可以为驱动装置提供外设机械能， 以辅助推动变速 器进而推动车轮转动， 降低驱动电机的负载量， 改善驱动电机及蓄电池的工作 条件， 有效延长驱动电机及蓄电池的使用寿命。
4、 本发明由于釆用二挡变速器与输入端分别接有小驱动电机及大驱动电机 的高低变矩器组合而成的驱动装置， 不仅可解决汽车行驶工况与电动机功率匹 配的难题， 而且可获得较高的能量转换， 节约电能， 也即在汽车起步时使用大 驱动电改善机驱动而高速行驶时使用小驱动电机驱动的工作方式， 以满足汽车 起步与行驶时所需驱动力不同的工况， 改善驱动电机及蓄电池的工作条件， 有 效延长驱动电机及蓄电池的使用寿命。 尤其是加上蓄能器助力， 进一步增强了 转矩力， 提高了加速、 爬坡、 高速行驶性能， 满足电动汽车行驶时全部运行工 况对功率变化的要求， 使电动汽车在最佳效率下行驶， 进而较大地减少了传动 损失， 提高了电动汽车的载荷及续驶里程。
. 5、 本发明由于采用蓄电池极柱与导线端部相匹配的公母接头相连接并通过 螺母螺合的结构形式， 可有效降低蓄电池的连接电阻， 减少能量的消耗， 同时 安装、 拆卸十分方便。
6、 本发明由于利用夹层结构， 贮存压缩气体， 利用压缩机补充气体和利用 压缩气体驱动空调压缩机及驱动雨刮器工作的设置， 可节约大量的电能， 进而 增加了续驶里程。
7、 本发明由于由于釆用了结构新颖、 重量轻， 由多个蓄能单元组合而成的 蓄能器， 蓄能大， 扭矩大， 使用寿命长， 输入能量快。 可有效减少电能消耗， 进而大大提髙续驶里程。
综上所述： 本发明-一 一种电动汽车所公开的技术方案， 可有效改善电动 汽车运行工况， 降低汽车电能消耗， 汽车在运行时， 可获得多种方式的能量补 充， 有效延长电动汽车的续驶里程， 延长蓄电池及驱动电机的使用寿命， 提高 '能量转化率， 适于工业化大生产， 可作为现有电动汽车的更新换代产品。 附图说明
附图 1为本发明主视图。 . 附图 2为本发明俯视图。
附图 3为本发明中风力发电装置机构示意图。
附图 4为本发明附图 1的 B部放大图。
附图 5为本发明驱动装置结构示意图。
附图 6为本发明附图 5的 A- A剖视图。
附图 7为本发明太阳能热水器供暖降温示意图。
附图 8为本发明气动空调及雨刮器示意图。
附图 9为本发明蓄能器结构示意图。 ' 附图 10为本发明蓄电池壳体示结构意图。
附图 11为本发明附图 10C部放大图。
具体实施方式
见附图 1， 本发明" 一种电动汽车， 包括车体 1-1、 电动驱动装置
1- 2、 蓄电池 1-3及控制系统 1-4， 所述的车体 1-1设有风力发电装置 1-5， 在 所述的车体 1-1的车顶 1-6及车头 1-7设有与所述的蓄电池 1-3电连接的太阳 能光电池板 1 - 8。
见附图 1、 2、 3、 4, 本发明中风力发电装置 1-5包括聚风戽 2-4、 叶轮室
2- 6、叶轮室盖 3-9、桨叶 3-8、风轮 3-7、驱动轴 3-5、轴套 3-6、分离轴承 3 - 4、 拨叉 3-3、 变速器 3-2、 发电机 3-1。 所述车体 1-1的车顶 1-6设置有一个与车 身为一体的可打开和关闭进风口 2-7的聚风戽 2-4，在聚风戽 2-4的尾部装有一 个喷风嘴 2-2，在喷风嘴 2-2处设置有一个叶轮室 2-6和可与车内相通的出风口， 所述发电机 3-1、变速器 3-2—体安装在车体 1-1上， 变速器 3-2上延伸一花键 轴套 3-10， 其端部设有一分离轴承 3- 4， 花键轴套 3- 10内设有一与驻车手柄相 连的拨叉 3-3， 驱动轴 3-5—端设有花键并套装在花键轴套 3-10内， 另一端插 装在设于叶轮室盖 3-9底部的轴套 3-11内， 其中部装有至少一根定位销 3 - 12， 桨叶中心通孔下端面至少设有一凹槽 3-13并安装在轴套 3-11上， 风轮 3-7中 心通孔上端面至少设有一凹槽 3-14并安装在驱动轴 3-5上处于定位销 3-12下 方。
见附图 5 , 本发明中电动驱动装置 1-2包括一个二挡变速器 5-1、 一驱动桥 5 - 2、 一高低变矩器 5-3， 所述二挡变速器 5-1输出端通过小主动齿轮 5-4与驱 动桥 5-2半轴齿轮 5-8相啮合， 其输入端接一高低变矩器 5-3的输出端， 高低 变矩器 5-3的输入端分别接有一与汽车电源连接的小电机离合器 5-5及大电机 离合器 5-6， 所述驱动桥内装有驱动车轮转动的半轴 5 - 7。 见附图 6，本发明中一蓄能器 6-1通过其上设置的棘轮 6-2与设于二挡变速 器 5-3输出端小主动齿轮轴上的齿轮 6-3啮合传动。
见附图 1、 7,本发明中太阳能热水器供暖降温装置 1-9设置于车体的后部， 其出水管分别接循环泵 7-1及吸收式制冷机 7-2， 循环泵 7-1及吸收式制冷机 7- 2的输出分别接热交换器 7-3， 热交换器 7-3的输出接风机 7- 4， 由风机 7_4 送至车内提供整车冷热空调。
见附图 8， 本发明中， 在车体 1-1内设有压缩气囊 8 1， 所述气囊 8-1设置 于车体夹层中并通过管道相连， 气囊 8-1的输出分别接与空调压缩机 8-3相连 的气动马达 8-2及气动雨刮器 8 - 4。
见附图 5、 6本发明中， 一飞轮 6- 4通过其轴 6- 5上设置的齿轮 6-6与二挡 变速器 5-1输出端小主动齿轮轴上设置的齿轮 6-3啮合传动，在所述的飞轮 6 - 4 上装有与手制动杆相连的制动钳， 在所述的飞轮上装有一个发电机 6 - 7。
见附图 5、 6, 本发明中， 在所述的驱动装置 1-2上还装有一与驱动桥 5 - 2 内半轴齿轮 5-8啮合传动的空气压缩机 5 - 9。
见附图 5， 本发明中， 在驱动装置 1-2的半轴 5-7上装有一个发电机 5-10， 所述发电机 5-10转子安装在半轴 5-7上， 定子安装在半轴套上。
见附图 9， 本发明中， 蓄能器 6-1由壳体 9-1、 定位轴 9-2、 蓄能单元 9 - 3、 输出齿轴 9-4、 单向齿轮 9- 5组成， 所述定位轴 9-2、 输出齿轴 9-4平行安装在 壳体 9-1上， 在所述定位轴 9-2、输出齿轴 9- 4之间的壳体 9-1之间安装首尾通 过花键 9-6相接的蓄能单元 9-3， 所述输出齿轴 9-4端部设有一与安装在壳体 9-1上的单向齿轮 9-5啮合的输出齿轮 9-7， 所述输出齿轮 9-7上插装有一安装 在壳体 9-1上的定位销 9-8， 所述蓄能单元 9-3由挡板 9-3-1、 棘轮轴 9- 3 - 2、 棘爪 9- 3- 3、齿轮 9- 3- 4、蓄能弹簧 9-3-5组成，所述齿轮 9- 3- 4、蓄能弹簧 9- 3 - 5、 挡板 9-3-1依次安装在棘轮轴 9-3-2上， 所述挡板 9-3-1的一侧固定在定位轴 9-2上，蓄能弹簧 9-3-5—端固装在棘轮轴 9-3-2上，另一端与定位轴 9-2相连， 齿轮 9-3-4的外齿圈与输出齿轴 9-4相啮合，棘爪 9-3-3一端通过定位销 9- 3 - 6 安装在齿轮 9-3-4上， 另一端与棘轮轴 9-3-2外圆周上的棘齿相啮合。
本发明中， 蓄能器 6-1可由多个叠加组合构成。
见附图 10， 本发明中， 蓄电池 1-3壳体 10-3底部设有滚轮 10-1， 在蓄电 池壳体 10-3外侧下部对称设置有弹性定位棘齿 10-2， 在蓄电池壳体 10-3侧面 上部设有蓄电池正负极输出极柱 10- 4。所述的蓄电池极柱 10- 4外表面为圆锥形， 中心设有一通槽， 见附图 11， 本发明中， 所述的蓄电池 1-3壳体 10-3上的极柱孔 10-5内卡 装有一锥形套 10-6， 锥形套 10-6内壁上设有一圈圆形凸台 10-6-1并卡装在蓄 电池极柱 10-4上设置的圆形凹槽 10-4-1中， 所述锥形套 10-6外表面设有可与 外接导线 10-7端部设置的螺母螺接的螺紋， 所述的导线 10-7端部设置有与蓄 电池极柱 10-4相匹配的公母接头。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种电动汽车， 包括车体、 电动驱动装置、 蓄电池及控制系 统， 其特征在于： 所述的车体设有风力发电装置， 在所述的车体的车 顶及车头设有与所述的蓄电池电连接的太阳能光电池板。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的 风力发电装置， 主要由聚风戽、 叶轮室、 叶轮室盖、 桨叶、 风轮、 驱 动轴、 轴套、 分离轴承、 拨叉、 变速器、 发电机及控制器件组成， 所 述的车体的顶部设置有一个与车身为一体的可打开和关闭进风口的 聚风戽， 在聚风戽的尾部装有一个喷风嘴， 在喷风嘴处设置有一个叶 轮室， 所述发电机、 变速器一体安装在车体上， 变速器上延伸一花键 轴套， 其端部设有一分离轴承， 花键轴套内垛有一与驻车手柄相连的 拨叉， 驱动轴一端设有花键并套装在花键轴套内， 另一端插装在设于 叶轮室盖底部的轴套内， 其中部装有至少一根定位销， 桨叶中心通孔 下端面至少设有一凹槽并安装在轴套上， 风轮中心通孔上端面至少设 有一凹槽并安装在驱动轴上处于定位销下方。
3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的 电动汽车驱动装置包括一个二挡变速器、 一驱动桥、 一高低变矩器， 所述二挡变速器输出端通过小主动齿轮与驱动桥相啮合， 其输入端接 一高低变矩器的输出端， 高低变矩器的输入端分别接有一与汽车电源 连接的小电机离合器及大电机离合器， 所述驱动桥内装有驱动车轮转 动的半轴。
4、 根据权利要求 1 或 3所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 一 蓄能器通过其上设置的棘轮与设于二挡变速器输出端小主动齿轮轴 上的齿轮啮合传动。
5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 在所述 的车体的后部设有太阳能热水器供暖降温装置， 所述的太阳能热水器 供暖降温装置是在所述的车体的后部安装有太阳能热水器， 其出水管 分别接循环泵及吸收式制冷机， 循环泵及吸收式制冷机的输出分别接 热交换器， 热交换器的输出接风机， 由风机送至车内提供整车冷热空 调。
6、 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的 车体内设有压缩气囊， 所述气囊设置于车体夹层中并通过管道相连， 气囊的输出分别接与空调压缩机相连的气动马达及气动雨刮器。
7、 根据权利要求 1 或 3所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 一 飞轮通过其轴上设置的齿轮与二挡变速器输出端小主动齿轮轴上设 置的齿轮啮合传动， 在所述的飞轮上装有与手制动杆相连的制动钳， 在所述的飞轮上装有一个发电机。
8、 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 在所述 的驱动装置上还装有一与驱动桥内半轴齿轮啮合传动的空气压缩机。
9、 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 在驱动 装置的半轴上装有一个发电机， 所述发电机转子安装在半轴上， 定子 安装在半轴套上。
10、 根据权利要求 1或 3所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所 述的蓄能器由壳体、 定位轴、 蓄能单元、 输出齿轴、 单向齿轮组成， 所述定位轴、 输出齿轴平行安装在壳体上， 在所述定位轴、 输出齿轴 之间的壳体之间安装首尾通过花键相接的蓄能单元， 所述输出齿轴端 部设有一与安装在壳体上的单向齿轮啮合的输出齿轮， 所述输出齿轮 上插装有一安装在壳体上的定位销， 所述蓄能单元由挡板、 棘轮轴、 棘爪、 齿轮、 蓄能弹簧组成， 所述齿轮、 蓄能弹簧、 挡板依次安装在 棘轮轴上， 所述挡板的一侧固定在定位轴上， 蓄能弹簧一端固装在棘 轮轴上， 另一端与定位轴相连， 齿轮的外齿圈与输出齿轴相啮合， 棘 爪一端通过定位销安装在齿轮上， 另一端与棘轮轴外圆周上的棘齿相 啮合。
11、 根据权利要求 1或 3所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所 述的蓄能器可多个叠加组合。
12、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的 蓄电池壳体底部设有滚轮， 在蓄电池壳体外侧下部对称设置有弹性定 位棘齿， 在蓄电池壳体侧面上部设有蓄电池正负极输出极柱。
13根据权利要求 1所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的蓄 电池极柱外表面为圆锥形， 中心设有一通槽。
14、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于： 所述的 蓄电池极柱孔内卡装有一锥形套， 锥形套内壁上设有一圈圆形凸台并 卡装在蓄电池极柱上设置的圆形凹槽中， 所述锥形套外表面设有可与 外接导线端部设置的螺母螺接的螺纹。
15、 根据权利要求 1或 14所述的一种电动汽车， 其特征在于:
的导线端部设置有与蓄电池极柱相匹配的公母接头。
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