WO2008053033A2 - Composition d'huile lubrifiante - Google Patents

Composition d'huile lubrifiante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008053033A2
WO2008053033A2 PCT/EP2007/061801 EP2007061801W WO2008053033A2 WO 2008053033 A2 WO2008053033 A2 WO 2008053033A2 EP 2007061801 W EP2007061801 W EP 2007061801W WO 2008053033 A2 WO2008053033 A2 WO 2008053033A2
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Prior art keywords
meth
acrylate
lubricating oil
oil composition
dithiophosphate
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PCT/EP2007/061801
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English (en)
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WO2008053033A3 (fr
Inventor
Ryuji Maruyama
Eiji Nagatomi
Tetsuo Wakizono
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Showa Shell Sekiyu K.K.
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Application filed by Showa Shell Sekiyu K.K. filed Critical Showa Shell Sekiyu K.K.
Priority to US12/447,645 priority Critical patent/US20100093576A1/en
Priority to EP07847093A priority patent/EP2066773A2/fr
Publication of WO2008053033A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008053033A2/fr
Publication of WO2008053033A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008053033A3/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/024—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
    • C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
    • C10M2219/024—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of esters, e.g. fats
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/68—Shear stability
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions

Definitions

  • This invention provides lubricating oil compositions and in particular transmission oils.
  • the transmission oils that are used therein are required to have superior anti-seizing characteristics and anti-wear characteristics. Improvements in fuel consumption are also required.
  • the usual methods of improving fuel consumption are to reduce viscosity and to reduce friction by adding friction modifiers, but reducing friction by adding friction modifiers gives rise to malfunctions in the synchronising mechanisms in the case of manual transmissions, so that the method of improving fuel consumption by reducing viscosity has become the main one.
  • this invention provides a lubricating oil composition by incorporating into a mineral oil and/or synthetic oil base oil a poly (meth) acrylate which contains a polar hydroxyl group, together with a metal dithiophosphate, hitherto regarded as having low extreme-pressure characteristics.
  • a lubricating oil composition wherein the anti- seizing characteristics are good, the extreme-pressure characteristics are the same as or better than with sulphur/phosphorus type extreme-pressure agents, the fatigue characteristics are low, oxidation stability is high and long life can be achieved, and it is thus possible to obtain satisfactory lubrication performance even under conditions of high-speed and high-load operation where transmissions have been made more compact .
  • base oil in the lubricating oil composition of this invention there are no special restrictions on the base oil in the lubricating oil composition of this invention, and mineral oil type base oils and/or synthetic type base oils as used in normal lubricating oils may be used.
  • mineral oil base oils and synthetic base oils may be used by mixing, in any proportions, suitable combinations of mineral oil base oils, combinations of synthetic base oils, or mineral oil base oils and synthetic base oils together.
  • the viscosity index of the lubricating oil base oil is preferably be at least 90 (according to ASTM D2270) so as to obtain superior viscosity characteristics from low to high temperatures, or more preferably at least 100 and most preferably at least 110.
  • the viscosity index of the lubricating oil base oil is less than 90, the amount of poly (meth) acrylate, which is added as a viscosity index improver, increases, and since poly (meth) acrylates of large molecular weight are used, the shear stability deteriorates, which is undesirable.
  • mineral oil type base oils mention may be made of those refined by subjecting lubricating oil fractions obtained by vacuum distillation of atmospheric residues obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil to treatments such as solvent deasphalting, solvent extraction of aromatics, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing and hydrorefining, or wax- isomerised mineral oils.
  • lubricating oil base oils different from the above mentioned mineral oil base oils, and it is possible to use the synthetic oils used in the prior art. They may be selected or designated according, for instance, to application and may be used in any proportions with mineral oils.
  • lubricating oil base oils manufactured by the method of isomerising GTL waxes (gas- to-liquid waxes) manufactured from natural gas by the Fischer-Tropsch process and so on.
  • the upper limit of the kinetic viscosity of the base oil at 100 0 C is preferably 8 mm 2 /s and more preferably 6 mm 2 /s.
  • the lower limit of the kinetic viscosity of the base oil at 100 0 C is preferably 2 mm 2 /s and more preferably 3 mm 2 /s. If the kinetic viscosity at 100 0 C is less than 2 mm 2 /s, , there will be inadequate formation of an oil film at the lubricating points, so that lubrication will deteriorate and there will be concern over seizing and wear of tooth surfaces. The evaporation losses of the base oil will also increase, which is not desirable.
  • a metal dithiophosphate is incorporated in the base oil in this invention.
  • Zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates and or molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphates and so on may be used for the metal dithiophosphate.
  • zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates or molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphates having, as the alkyl groups therein, primary or secondary alkyl groups having from 3 to 22 carbons or alkylaryl groups substituted by alkyl groups of from 3 to 18 carbons are used.
  • zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates and molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphates may be used alone or in combinations of two or more thereof, but particularly preferred, as they increase the wear resistance, are those in which the main constituent is a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate with a secondary alkyl group.
  • zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates mention may be made of zinc dipropyl dithiophosphate, zinc dibutyl dithiophosphate, zinc dipentyl dithiophosphate, zinc dihexyl dithiophosphate, zinc diisopentyl dithiophosphate, zinc diethylhexyl dithiophosphate, zinc dioctyl dithiophosphate, zinc dinonyl dithiophosphate, zinc didecyl dithiophosphate, zinc didodecyl dithiophosphate, zinc dipropylphenyl dithiophosphate, zinc dipentylphenyl dithiophosphate, zinc dipropylmethylphenyl dithiophosphate, zinc dinonylphenyl dithiophosphate and zinc didodecylphenyl dithiophosphate.
  • molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphates mention may be made of molybdenum dipropyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum dibutyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum dipentyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum dihexyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum diisopentyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum diethylhexyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum dioctyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum dinonyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum didecyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum didodecyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum dipropylphenyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum dipentylphenyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum dipropylmethylphenyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum dinonylphenyl
  • the zinc or molybdenum content in the lubricating oil composition in the case of blends with these zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates and/or molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphates is approximately from 0.02 to 1.0 wt.%, preferably from 0.04 to 0.5 wt.%, and more preferably from 0.08 to 0.4 wt.%.
  • a poly (meth) acrylate having a hydroxyl group is incorporated in the lubricating oil composition together with the above mentioned metal dithiophosphate .
  • This poly (meth) acrylate having a hydroxyl group is a co- polymer, and is a co-polymer which has as its essential constituent monomers an alkyl (meth) acrylate having an alkyl group of from 1 to 20 carbons and a vinyl monomer containing a hydroxyl group.
  • alkyl (meth) acrylate (a) having an alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbons mention may be made of:
  • alkyl (meth) acrylates having an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbons, for example: methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n- or iso-propyl (meth) acrylate and n-, iso- or sec-butyl (meth) acrylate;
  • alkyl (meth) acrylates having an alkyl group of 8 to 20 carbons, for example: n-octyl (meth) acrylate, 2- ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, n-decyl (meth) acrylate, n- isodecyl (meth) acrylate, n-undecyl (meth) acrylate, n- dodecyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methylundecyl (meth) acrylate, n-tridecyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methyldodecyl (meth) acrylate, n-tetradecyl (meth) acrylate, 2- methyltridecyl (meth) acrylate, n-pentadecyl (meth) acrylate, 2 -methyltetradecyl (meth) acrylate, n- hexadecyl (
  • the preferred substances are those belonging to (al) and (a2) , and more preferably the substances of (a2) .
  • those preferred from the standpoint of the viscosity index are those with alkyl groups of 1 to 2 carbons.
  • those preferred from the standpoint of solubility in the base oil and low- temperature characteristics are those with alkyl groups of from 10 to 20 carbons, and more preferably from 12 to 14 carbons .
  • the above mentioned vinyl monomer (b) containing a hydroxl group and forming a co-polymer with the alkyl (meth) acrylate having an alkyl group of from 1 to 20 carbons is a vinyl monomer containing in its molecules one or more than one hydroxyl group (preferably one or two) .
  • (bl) Hydroxyalkyl (2 - 6 carbons) (meth) acrylates for example: 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- or 3- hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate and 1 -methyl -2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate ;
  • (b4) Alkenols of from 3 to 12 carbons, for example: (meth)allyl alcohol, crotyl alcohol, isocrotyl alcohol, 1-octenol and 1-undecenol ; (b5) Alkene diols of from 4 to 12 carbons, for example: l-buten-3-ol, 2-buten-l-ol and 2-buten-l, 4-diol ; (b6) Hydroxyalkyl (from 1 to 6 carbons) alkenyl (3 - 10 carbons) ethers, for example: 2-hydroxyethylpropenyl ether;
  • Aromatic monomers containing a hydroxyl group for example: o- , m- or p-hydroxystyrene;
  • Polyhydric (from trihydric to octahydric) alcohols for example: alkane polyols, intramolecular or intermolecular dehydrates thereof, alkenyl (3 - 10 carbons) ethers of sugars (e.g. glycerine, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, sorbitan, diglycerine, sucrose) or (meth) acrylates of sugars (e.g.
  • sucrose (meth) acryl ether) ; (b9) polyoxyakylene chains and vinyl monomers containing hydroxyl groups, for example: mono (meth)'acrylates or mono (meth) allyl ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols (alkylene group of from 2 to 4 carbons, degree of polymerisation from 2 to 50) or polyoxyalkylene polyols ⁇ polyoxyalkylene ethers (alkyl groups of from 2 to 4 carbons, degree of polymerisation from 2 to 100) of the above mentioned trihydric to octahydric alcohols ⁇ ⁇ e.g. polyethylene glycol (degree of polymerisation from 2 to 9) mono (meth) acrylates, polypropylene glycol (degree of polymerisation from 2 to 30) mono (meth) allyl ether ⁇ .
  • the preferred type is (bl) , and 2 -hydroxy-ethyl methacrylate in particular.
  • the respective proportions in the monomer constituting the above mentioned poly (meth) acrylate copolymer containing a hydroxyl group are, from the standpoint of the viscosity index, preferably as follows.
  • the lower limit of the above mentioned constituent (a) is preferably 50 wt . % and more preferably 75 wt.%, and the upper limit is preferably 95 wt.% and more preferably 85 wt.%.
  • the lower limit of the above mentioned (al) is preferably 0 wt . % and more preferably 1 wt.%, and the upper limit is preferably 20 wt.% and more preferably 10 wt.%.
  • the lower limit of the above mentioned (a2) is preferably 50 wt.% and more preferably 70 wt.%, and the upper limit is preferably 95 wt.% and more preferably 90 wt.%.
  • the lower limit of the above mentioned (b) is preferably 5 'wt.% and more preferably 7 wt.%, but particularly preferable is 11 wt.%
  • the upper limit is preferably 50 wt.% and more preferably 30 wt.%, but particularly preferable is 15 wt.%.
  • the lower limit of the sum of the above mentioned (a) + (b) is preferably 55 wt.% and more preferably 82 wt.%, and the upper limit is preferably 100 wt.%.
  • monomers may be co-polymerised together with the above mentioned (a) and (b) in the above mentioned poly (meth) acrylate co-polymer containing a hydroxyl group.
  • Such monomers include monomers containing nitrogen atoms (c) . Specific examples include:
  • (c2) Vinyl monomers containing primary ⁇ tertiary amines, such as : (c2-l) Vinyl ' monomers containing primary amines, for example: 3-6-carbon alkenyl amine [ (meth) allylamine, crotylamine, and so on] , aminoalkyl (2 - 6 carbons) (meth) acrylates [aminoethyl (meth) acrylate and so on] ; (c2-2) Vinyl monomers containing secondary amines, for example: alkyl (1 - 6 carbons) aminoalkyl (2 - 6 carbons) (meth) acrylates [t-butylaminoethyl methacrylate, methylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, and so on], diphenylamine (meth) acrylamides [4-diphenylamine
  • (meth) acrylamide, and so on] aromatic vinyl monomers containing tertiary amino groups [N, N- dimethylaminostyrene and so on] ;
  • (c2-4) Vinyl monomers containing complex rings containing nitrogen [morpholinoethyl (meth) acrylate, 4- vinylpyridine, 2-vinylpyridine, N-vinylpyrrole, N- vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylthiopyrrolidone, and so on];
  • Amphoteric vinyl monomers for example: N- (meth) acryloyloxy (or amino) alkyl (1 - 10 carbons) N,N- dialkyl (1 - 5 carbons) ammonium-N-alkyl (1 - 5 carbons) carboxylates (or sulphates), e.g. N-
  • Such monomers also include aliphatic hydrocarbon vinyl monomers (d) , for example: alkenes of 2 ⁇ 20 carbons [ethylene, propylene, butene, isobutylene, pentene, heptene, diisobutylene, octene, dodecene, octadecene, and so on] and alkadienes of 4 ⁇ 12 carbons [butadiene, isoprene, 1, 4-pentadiene, 1, 6-heptadiene, 1 , 7-octadiene, and so on] .
  • alkenes of 2 ⁇ 20 carbons ethylene, propylene, butene, isobutylene, pentene, heptene, diisobutylene, octene, dodecene, octadecene, and so on
  • alkadienes of 4 ⁇ 12 carbons [butadiene, isoprene, 1, 4-pentad
  • alicyclic hydrocarbon vinyl monomers for example: cyclohexene, (di) cyclopentadiene, pinene, limonene, indene, vinylcyclohexene and ethylidenebicycloheptene .
  • aromatic hydrocarbon vinyl monomers (f) for example: styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, 2 , 4-dimethylstyrene, 4 -ethylstyrene, 4-isopropylstyrene, 4-butylstyrene, 4 -phenylstyrene, 4 -cyclohexylstyrene, 4- benzylstyrene , 4-crotylbenzene and 2-vinylnaphthalene .
  • aromatic hydrocarbon vinyl monomers (f) for example: styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, 2 , 4-dimethylstyrene, 4 -ethylstyrene, 4-isopropylstyrene, 4-butylstyrene, 4 -phenylstyrene, 4 -cyclohexylstyren
  • vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl ketones (g) for example: vinyl esters of saturated fatty acids of 2 - 12 carbons [vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl octanoate, and so on] , vinyl ethers of alkyls, aryls or alkoxyalkyls of 1 ⁇ 12 carbons [methylvinyl ether, ethylvinyl ether, propylvinyl ether, butylvinyl ether, 2-ethylhexylvinyl ether, phenylvinyl ether, vinyl 2-methoxyethyl ether, vinyl 2-butoxyethyl ether, and so on] , and vinyl ketones of alkyls or aryls of 1 ⁇ 8 carbons [methylvinylketone, ethylvinylketone, phenylvinylketone] .
  • esters of unsaturated polycarboxylic acids include alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl esters of unsaturated polycarboxylic acids, and these include alkyl diesters of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids [maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, and so on] with 1-8 carbons [dimethyl maleate, dimethyl fumarate, diethyl maleate, dioctyl maleate] .
  • vinyl monomers containing polyoxyalkylene chains (those not containing hydroxyl groups) (i) , for example: mono (meth) acrylates of monoalkyl (1- 18 carbons) ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols (alkylene groups of 2 ⁇ 4 carbons, degree of polymerisation 2 - 50) or polyoxyalkylene polyols [polyoxyalkylene ethers of the above mentioned trihydric to octahydric alcohols (alkyl groups of 2 ⁇ 4 carbons, degree of polymerisation 2 ⁇ 100)] [for example, methoxypolyethylene glycol (molecular weight 110 ⁇ 310) (meth) acrylate and lauryl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct (2 ⁇ 30 mol) (meth) acrylate] .
  • vinyl monomers containing carboxyl groups (j) for example: vinyl monomers containing monocarboxyl groups such as unsaturated monocarboxylic acids [ (meth) acrylic acid, ⁇ -methyl (meth) acrylic acid, crotonic acid, cinnamic acid, and so on] , monoalkyl (1 - 8 carbons) esters of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids [monoalkyl esters of maleic acid, monoalkyl esters of fumaric acid, monoalkyl esters of itaconic acid, and so on] ; it is also possible to use copolymers of two or more vinyl monomers containing carboxyl groups, for example maleic, acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid and citraconic acid.
  • weight average molecular weight is within the above mentioned range, good shear stability can be imparted.
  • This weight average molecular weight is according to gel permeation chromatography, and is obtained by conversion to polystyrene.
  • weight average molecular weights may be adjusted on the basis of the temperature at the time of polymerisation, monomer density (solvent concentration) , amount of catalyst or amount of chain transfer agent.
  • the polydispersity (Mw/Mn) of this poly (meth) acrylate containing a hydroxyl group is preferably 1.0 ⁇ 2.5, and more preferably 1.2 - 2.0, but especially preferred is 1.5 - 1.7. With a small polydispersity, the shear stability is good. Mn is obtained in the same way as Mw.
  • the lower limit of the solubility parameter thereof is preferably 8.6, and more preferably 9.2, but especially preferred is 9.3, while the upper limit is preferably 11, and more preferably 10.5, but especially preferred is 9.7.
  • This solubility parameter value was calculated by the method of Fedors (Polym. Eng. Sci. 14 (2) , 152 (1974) ) .
  • the HLB of the poly (meth) acrylate containing a ' hydroxyl group is preferably 0.5 - 7. If the HLB is within this range, the demulsification characteristics are especially good. More preferable is a HLB of 1 ⁇ 6.5, and especially preferred is 1.5 ⁇ 6. This HLB value is calculated by Oda ' s method, which is based on organic and inorganic concepts ("New Introduction to Surfactants", published by Sanyo Kasei Kogyo Co. Ltd., page 128) .
  • the hydroxyl number of the poly (meth) acrylate containing a hydroxyl group, used as an additive is 10 ⁇ 100, preferably 20 ⁇ 50, and more preferably 25 ⁇ 35.
  • the measurement of the hydroxyl number is the value obtained by measuring in accordance with JIS K3342 (1961) . It shows the amount of hydroxyl group in the additive.
  • poly (meth) acrylates of the prior art which do not contain a hydroxyl group at the same time as the poly (meth) acrylate containing a hydroxyl group.
  • the amount thereof is encompassed by the ratio poly (meth) acrylate containing a hydroxyl group : poly (meth) acrylate not containing a hydroxyl group being 100 :0 - 40:60.
  • rust preventatives such as rust preventatives, detergents, dispersants, anti-oxidants, extreme-pressure agents, oiliness agents, friction modifiers, pour-point depressants and defoaming agents.
  • detergents such as rust preventatives, detergents, dispersants, anti-oxidants, extreme-pressure agents, oiliness agents, friction modifiers, pour-point depressants and defoaming agents.
  • Base Oil A was a mixture of Group I, Group II and Group III oils (characteristics: kinetic viscosity at 40 0 C, 18.7 mm 2 /s; kinetic viscosity at 100 0 C, 4.1 mm 2 /s; viscosity index, 122);
  • Base Oil B was a mixture of Group I, Group II and 'Group V oils (characteristics: kinetic viscosity at 40 0 C, 16.5 mm 2 /s; kinetic viscosity at 100 0 C, 3.6 mm 2 /s; viscosity index, 96).
  • Viscosity index (VI; ASTM D2270) 4. Phosphorus content (units: % by weight) 5. Sulphur content (units: % by weight) Falex seizure test
  • Test conditions The test pieces were set up in the test rig and an oil bath containing 60 ml of test oil was heated by means of a heater until the oil temperature reached 100 0 C.
  • test rig drive motor was actuated and the test began with a load on the block of 136.08 kg (300 pounds) . After running for 2 minutes at 136.08 kg (300 pounds), the load was increased to 226.8 kg (500 pounds), running for 1 minute. Thereafter, the load was increased by 136.08 kg (300 pounds) a time, running for 1 minute, this being repeated until there was an occurrence of seizing.
  • Test pieces (1) Falex #8 test pin
  • the heater was stopped when the temperature reached 100 0 C, and the test was continued in that state. Higher values show superior anti-seizing properties.
  • Test specimens on which an oxidation test had been carried out under conditions of 135 + 0.5 0 C x 96 hr in accordance with JIS K2514 were compared with new oil, and the rate of change in kinetic viscosity at 4O 0 C (increase rate) and rate of change in kinetic viscosity at 100 0 C (increase rate) were measured. A small increase rate is best and the 1 pass value was set at 8 or below.
  • Type PT-C gears. Performed with load: 9 stages, oil temperature: 120 0 C, speed: 1440 revolutions/min.
  • the method of assessing fatigue life was to stop the test rig and carry out periodic inspections of the tooth surfaces, and to reckon it as the time (hr) when 1 mm 2 of pitting had occurred.
  • the inspection intervals were every 8 hours in the initial 24 hours and then every 2 - 4 hours .
  • Comparative Example 1 scored 42 hours but in the case of Comparative Examples 2 and 4 the fatigue life was short, at 30 ⁇ 32 hours. Comparative Example 3 had bad results in the ISOT test and so the FZG pitting test was omitted.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

Comme les transmissions sont devenues plus compactes et fonctionnent dans des conditions de vitesses supérieures et de charges supérieures, les conditions d'utilisation des huiles lubrifiantes sont devenues plus sévères. A cet effet, l'invention propose une composition d'huile lubrifiante qui comprend un dithiophosphate métallique, considéré dans l'état antérieur de la technique comme possédant des caractéristiques de basse pression extrême, et un poly(méth)acrylate contenant un groupe hydroxyle polaire dans une huile de base. Avec cette composition d'huile lubrifiante, les caractéristiques anti-grippage sont bonnes et les caractéristiques de pression extrême sont les mêmes, voire meilleures, qu'avec les agents de pression extrême de type sulfure/phosphore. De même, les caractéristiques de fatigue sont faibles, la stabilité à l'oxydation est élevée et une durée de vie plus longue peut être obtenue.
PCT/EP2007/061801 2006-11-01 2007-11-01 Composition d'huile lubrifiante WO2008053033A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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US12/447,645 US20100093576A1 (en) 2006-11-01 2007-11-01 Lubricating oil composition
EP07847093A EP2066773A2 (fr) 2006-11-01 2007-11-01 Composition d'huile lubrifiante

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JP2006298090 2006-11-01
JP2006-298090 2006-11-01

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WO2010142668A1 (fr) 2009-06-09 2010-12-16 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Composition lubrifiante
WO2011006755A1 (fr) * 2009-07-15 2011-01-20 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Composition lubrifiante
US20150299604A1 (en) * 2011-12-13 2015-10-22 Adeka Corporation Friction and wear reducing agent for lubricating oil and lubricating oil composition containing same
WO2018033449A1 (fr) 2016-08-15 2018-02-22 Evonik Oil Additives Gmbh Polyalkyle (meth)acrylates fonctionnels ayant une performance de désémulsibilité améliorée
CN108699487A (zh) * 2016-03-04 2018-10-23 出光兴产株式会社 润滑油组合物、润滑方法、和变速器

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JP5584049B2 (ja) * 2010-08-17 2014-09-03 株式会社Ａｄｅｋａ 潤滑油用極圧剤及びそれを含有する潤滑油組成物
US8980810B2 (en) * 2011-12-21 2015-03-17 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Vinyl ether polymer fluids made using controlled living cationic polymerization and their use as synthetic lubricant basestocks
US9200096B2 (en) * 2011-12-21 2015-12-01 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Polyvinyl ether based high performance synthetic fluids prepared using cationic polymerization
JP5826626B2 (ja) * 2011-12-22 2015-12-02 昭和シェル石油株式会社 グリース組成物
JPWO2016114401A1 (ja) * 2015-01-15 2017-10-19 出光興産株式会社 潤滑油組成物
JP6702612B2 (ja) * 2016-03-04 2020-06-03 出光興産株式会社 潤滑油組成物、潤滑方法、及び変速機
JP6721230B2 (ja) 2016-03-04 2020-07-08 出光興産株式会社 潤滑油組成物、潤滑方法、及び変速機
US20200347316A1 (en) * 2017-12-05 2020-11-05 Adeka Corporation Friction inhibiting compound and friction inhibiting composition containing friction inhibiting compound

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WO2010142668A1 (fr) 2009-06-09 2010-12-16 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Composition lubrifiante
CN102459538A (zh) * 2009-06-09 2012-05-16 国际壳牌研究有限公司 润滑组合物
WO2011006755A1 (fr) * 2009-07-15 2011-01-20 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Composition lubrifiante
CN102498195A (zh) * 2009-07-15 2012-06-13 国际壳牌研究有限公司 润滑组合物
CN102498195B (zh) * 2009-07-15 2015-11-25 国际壳牌研究有限公司 润滑组合物
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US20150299604A1 (en) * 2011-12-13 2015-10-22 Adeka Corporation Friction and wear reducing agent for lubricating oil and lubricating oil composition containing same
CN108699487A (zh) * 2016-03-04 2018-10-23 出光兴产株式会社 润滑油组合物、润滑方法、和变速器
US11149227B2 (en) 2016-03-04 2021-10-19 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil composition, lubricating method, and transmission
WO2018033449A1 (fr) 2016-08-15 2018-02-22 Evonik Oil Additives Gmbh Polyalkyle (meth)acrylates fonctionnels ayant une performance de désémulsibilité améliorée
US10428292B2 (en) 2016-08-15 2019-10-01 Evonik Oil Additives Gmbh Functional polyalkyl (meth)acrylates with enhanced demulsibility performance

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EP2066773A2 (fr) 2009-06-10
CN101535455A (zh) 2009-09-16
US20100093576A1 (en) 2010-04-15

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