WO2008050838A1

WO2008050838A1 - Mat-type seedlings and method of producing the same

Info

Publication number: WO2008050838A1
Application number: PCT/JP2007/070831
Authority: WO
Inventors: Toshiyuki Aiba
Original assignee: Toshiyuki Aiba
Priority date: 2006-10-27
Filing date: 2007-10-25
Publication date: 2008-05-02
Also published as: JP2008109858A

Abstract

It is intended to provide mat-type seedlings comprising seedlings that have been grown in the form of a mat by preventing seeds from migration and drying and promoting the germination of the seeds and the elongation of young roots while requiring no soil-covering after sowing. A construct composed of plant seedlings and a mat-shaped base constructed by sowing plant seeds on the whole surface of the mat-shaped base, which has been prepared by mixing fresh bamboo grains obtained by grinding fresh bamboo to give a length in the fiber direction of several mm or below and palm plant grains obtained by grinding a palm plant similarly to give a length in the fiber direction of several mm or below with poaceous plant grains obtained by finely grinding the fiber bundles of a poaceous plant constituting the same and then compression-molding the resultant mixture to give a porous plate, and growing the seedlings until the young roots thereof penetrate through the base and attain the back side thereof where these roots are firmly held by the mat-shaped base.

Description

Specification

Mat seedling and its manufacturing method

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to mat seedlings in which rice seedlings, turf seedlings, or other young plants or young plants are densely grown in a mat, and a method for producing the same.

Background art

[0002] Conventionally, rice mat seedlings are sown in a culture soil, that is, soil that forms a mat-like floor, and are generally watered in order to grow seedlings in a flooded state. For this purpose, it was necessary to use a section of the paddy field as a nursery or to load culture soil in a separately prepared nursery box as exemplified in Patent Document 1. As a result, various inconveniences were observed in work such as the transport of heavy goods before and after raising seedlings.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-23790

[0003] A turf mat seedling is obtained by cutting a turf, which has been grown in advance to a state in which the roots are extended and entangled in the surface soil of a nursery farm, together with the surface soil having a predetermined size and a certain thickness. It is transported to a garden under construction for use, or delivered to a gardening shop for sale. In order to recover the depleted surface soil, new soil has to be replenished to the growing fields and organic nutrients have been added, and so on, each time the field has been rehabilitated, considerable expenses have been incurred. In addition, it took time to grow.

[0004] In recent years, in urban areas, attempts have been made to green the building roof for the purpose of alleviating the intense summer heat. To do so, it takes effort to lift the garden soil to the roof until it reaches a certain thickness. After the planting of plants and plants, the garden soil has to be replenished regularly as it gradually drains out over time as rainfall and the like. As a result, there was a risk that it would be installed from the roof to the ground! /, Clogs and drains.

Disclosure of the invention

Problem that invention tries to solve

[0005] The first object of the present invention, which was made to solve the various problems described above, is biodegradable without using soil as an essential component and using as a main component shredded bamboo or finely divided powder particles. With mat-like substrate The seedling of plants and plants is densely sown in this base and grown to a predetermined leaf age or plant height, and a mat seedling comprising a juvenile juvenile body grown to a state in which its root is surely held in the base. It is. As used herein, "biodegradable" refers to the property of being degraded naturally and gradually by microorganisms.

[0006] A second object of the present invention is to suppress the upward elongation of the shoots generated from various offspring to the seed group sown in the mat-like substrate, but to direct the inside of the substrate to the young roots. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a mat seedling, characterized by causing the mat-like substrate to rapidly grow a cluster of plants and plants while taking measures to promote the growth of the plant downward smoothly.

Means to solve the problem

[0007] The composition of the mat seedling adopted to achieve the above first object is the same as the length of the fiber direction, and the powder particle of raw bamboo formed by crushing the length in the fiber direction to several mm or less And crushed particles of a palmaceous plant crushed to several mm or less, the constituent fiber bundle is finely crushed, mixed with powder of herbaceous plant of rice family, compressed and molded, and porous plate On the mat-like substrate, the seeds of the plant are sown all over the surface, and the root of the plant penetrates through the substrate and wraps around to the back side to grow to a state where it is firmly retained in the mat-like substrate. It consists of flock seedlings and a mat-like substrate.

In the mat-like substrate, the length in the fiber direction is reduced to several mm or less, and 30 to 70% by weight of the raw bamboo powder particles obtained by crushing the length in the fiber direction to several mm or less. 15 to 30% by weight of the crushed palmaceous plant powder and particles are mixed with 15 to 35% by weight of the powder of the herbaceous plant of the rice family in which the constituent fiber bundle is finely crushed and compressed to form a porous Plate-like body.

[0009] The "raw bamboo" referred to here also includes raw bamboo shoots. The “herbaceous plants of rice family” are grasses other than woody plants such as bamboo “笹”, and use unneeded waste as the main of “light” “rice” “rice” “wheat” “maize” “cane” and other grasses. Do. On behalf of these plants, they are sometimes referred to as “Linaceae plants” below. The mixing ratio of each material is about 50% by weight of raw bamboo powder, 20 to 30% by weight of palm plant powder and granular material, and 30 to 20 weight of powdered herbaceous plant of rice family. %, That is, 50: 30: 20 to 50: 20: 30 in a weight ratio is a particularly preferred range. When cutting raw bamboo and palmaceous plants into chips, for example, a power knife or crusher for cutting into pieces of 2-3 mm to 10 mm in size, a crushing press for crushing or breaking the pieces of bamboo, etc. It can be done by sequentially combining and driving various mechanical means such as a shredder which further strengthens the fragments. Raw materials of raw bamboo powder can be used as raw materials for bamboo trunks, branches and even rhizomes in some cases.

Preferred as the above-mentioned plants and plants to be sown to the mat-like substrate prepared in this manner are rice, or grass of the horticultural species for which the “pain grass” method is adopted, mainly Western turf. However, in the present invention, not only seed seeds and turf seeds but also vegetable seeds may be sown in some cases.

[0011] In the method of producing a mat seedling according to the second object, the length of the fiber direction is similarly reduced to several mm or less, and the powder and granular material of raw bamboo which is crushed to several mm or less in the fiber direction. Powdered granular material of crushed palm family plant is mixed with powder of herbaceous plant of rice family which finely broken up constituent fiber bundle, and the mixture stirred and kneaded with water is compressed and formed into several cm in thickness. An operation for housing a mat-like substrate having a desired shape of several 10 cm in the vertical and horizontal directions of a porous plate-like object and containing the mat-like substrate in a corresponding dish-shaped holder, and the desired on the surface of this substrate An operation of seeding all the seeds and plants on the entire surface, followed by an operation of placing a fragile ultrathin paper having water permeability and water absorption on the entire surface of the seeding surface to cover the entire surface of the seeding surface, and Operation of water from the very thin paper so that it becomes wet, and then, after the watering, the mat-like substrate on the very light paper. An operation of placing a pressing plate for pressing the surface, and a few days after sowing with the pressing plate placed, it is assumed that the sprouts are extended to the first height of the grass height on the lower surface side of the pressing plate. After confirming, remove the presser plate and start the sunlight irradiation of the seedlings, and the white sprouting white to light yellow at the beginning of the sunlight exposure starts to turn into a light green to green, and the young sprout changes The operation of increasing the degree of greening of the determination criterion is to be performed.

More specifically, in the formation of the unfinished mat, it is possible to keep the temperature and the humidity within a certain range, after the sowing until at least the removal of the pressing plate. It is preferable to carry out in a sealed room or in a sealed box where it is possible to make the seedlings of each holder have a uniform growth degree S. In particular, it is possible to grow average seedlings in the summer when the temperature is high or in winter when the temperature is low, and even in the hot and humid southern countries and the extremely cold northern countries, it is possible to maintain the seedlings without interruption all year round. The utility value is high because it can be fostered.

Moreover, transplantation is carried out by passing the acclimatization process to the unfinished mat seedlings thus formed. It can be grown up to a state to endure to make a finished mat seedling.

In the method of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the movement of seeds by covering the seed group with the above-mentioned ultra-thin paper and watering it. Furthermore, since the pressing plate is also placed immediately on the top of the very thin paper, no soil covering after sowing is required.

According to the method of the present invention, in the case of turf, as an example, unfinished mat seedlings which meet the scale of the second judgment standard at about 18th after sowing, will be added after being taken out of the holder. In a period of about 10 days, it will be possible to continue the growth through the “acclimation” process. In this “acclimation process”, it will be placed in a state of being exposed to indirect light and direct light, exposed to moderate solar radiation, and grown and shipped until it becomes a finished mat seedling that is easy to adapt to the climate of planted land. become.

[0016] As an example of the above-described dish-shaped holder, the inner area is 300 mm x 600 mm to 280 mm x

A rectangular shape of about 580 mm and a depth of about 30 mm; a suitable example of about 100 mm is preferable because it is easy to handle and / or has good water retention!

The thickness of the substantially plate-like porous mat-like substrate is preferably about 15 mm to 50 mm. However, this size is a factor that should be changed as appropriate depending on the type of plants and plants for raising seedlings and the conditions of growing up to fixed planting.

[0018] In addition, as the above-mentioned ultra-thin paper which is permeable to water and water, it is commercially available! /, A thin paper similar to "Tissi Yu" (trade name) paper or toilet paper etc. Seeds at the time of irrigation It is suitable in that it does not form a space that causes drying with the seeds. This thin paper can also be formed using a material for forming a mat-like substrate according to the present invention, for example, a powder of straw or the like. This biodegradable thin paper is effective as a material to protect the seeds, that is, to protect the seeds from flowing during the watering and causing disarrangement and disintegration of the seeds. Thick paper such as newsprint and copy paper is not preferable because it is rigid even if it absorbs water, because it has no water permeability and lacks water permeability, and a space is formed between the seeds and it is difficult to conform to the shape of the seeds. .

Furthermore, although it is desirable that the above-mentioned presser plate is a thick-board with a handle made of thinned wood from the viewpoint of protecting natural resources, it is not limited to this, and has a flat lower surface and an appropriate weight. ! /, Even if it is another material! [0020] The plant height of the first judgment standard relating to the timing of removing the presser plate is a value determined in accordance with the type and cultivar of plants and plants targeted for raising seedlings, and in the case of grass, for example, under the presser plate. It is about 3 cm in growth when it is laid.

[0021] The plant height as a measure of the second determination criterion as to whether or not the seedlings have grown to an extent suitable for transition to the habituation process is also determined by various transplant conditions, environmental conditions of planting sites, etc. In the case of turf, it may be about 50 mm to about 80 mm, and in the case of rice it may be about 150 mm. When the germination temperature is about 20 ° C and the temperature is lower than about 5 ° C, the plant height reaches the second judgment standard in the case of grass about 2 days after sowing. It is about 20 to 20 days after the passage of time.

Effect of the invention

The mat seedling referred to in the present invention is obtained by compression molding of a mixture of base strength S, powder of fresh bamboo, powder of palm plant, powder of herbaceous plant of rice family. Since it is a porous plate-like body, the bactericidal action of fresh bamboo has a slight insecticidal action, so at least until the seedlings come to the planting ground, the mat substrate and the seedlings are treated as pests. Because it acts as a protection, the survival of the seedlings is good.

[0023] The powder of the herbaceous plant of rice family constituting the mat-like substrate is a powder form by means of grinding or the like, It acts as a glue that intervenes between each other. Therefore, in the preparation of the mat-like substrate, auxiliary agents such as sizing agents or binders are not necessarily required.

Thus, in the case of the mat seedling according to the present invention, the roots of the seeds of the plants and plants sown on the seedling penetrate through the substrate and go around to the lower surface side to ensure the mat seedling substrate. Since the group seedlings and the mat-like substrate are almost integrated, they are difficult to be fragmented during transportation and transportation, and they are easy to handle and defective. S レ, レ, have a remarkable effect.

[0025] In the method for producing a mat seedling according to the present invention, the permeable fragile ultra-thin paper, which is applied to the surface of the mat-like base material as the seed bed material after seeding, is a very important work. I do the use. That is, during irrigation, while preventing movement and run-off of the seeds, they themselves partially disintegrate and settle down into the depressions between the chips present on the substrate surface, and the subsequent pressure is reduced. Surface planarization can be facilitated by mounting the support plate. That is, the plate placed on the thin paper is a sheet of broken paper in which the depressions between the seeds are filled and the seeds are ground by pressing the substrate surface with only its own weight or by a worker applying light force. There is an advantage that it is easy to promote uniform germination, as it leaves the space between the seeds, so it is easy to promote uniform germination.

That is, no useless air pool remains at the interface between the mat-like substrate and the presser plate, so that drying of the seeds can be prevented, and the seedling is persistent for all seeds during the seedling raising period. It can guarantee some uniform water retention effect.

In the mat seedling according to the present invention obtained in this manner, a mat-like base, that is, no soil is used as a component of a nursery bed, and no covering of the soil is necessary when growing seeds, so the weight is maintained. Also, it is convenient to handle, and it has an effect!

[0028] The power of producing bamboo using raw bamboo It is to protect a group of seeds before and after germination using the excellent antibacterial and antifungal properties originally provided for raw bamboo. Since palmaceous plants do not have the antibacterial properties of fresh bamboo, crushing after boiling is advantageous from the viewpoint of removing harmful fungi originally attached to the raw material plant material in advance. The boiled palm plant has an effect of facilitating the hot pressing process of the mat-like substrate. The same applies to the powdery materials of steraceous plants S, and the boiling of these palm and / or cetaceous plants is not an essential element of the present invention, and is not necessarily an essential requirement!

In particular, the mat-like substrate according to the present invention is manufactured using materials that are only natural processed and subjected to appropriate processing and is easily and well controlled in quality control. The benefits are far greater and more pronounced compared to using soils that are likely to be uneven and unstable and sometimes contaminated with pests.

Brief description of the drawings

[FIG. 1] A partially cutaway perspective view showing a mat-like base for mat seedling breeding according to the present invention.

[FIG. 2] A partially cutaway perspective view of a first step showing a state in which grass seeds are sown on the mat-like substrate of FIG.

[Fig. 3] A side view of the second step showing the container in which the seeds are sown on a mat-like substrate and stored in a closed box. 4) A schematic side view of the third step showing a state of watering on a very thin paper after seeding. 5) A schematic side view of a fourth step showing a state where the presser plate is placed on ultra-thin paper.

6) A schematic side view showing a fifth step of removing the presser plate to promote the rise of the juvenile sprout in the lying position.

[Fig. 7] A schematic side view of the sixth step showing the condition of unfinished mat seedlings in a state where the sprouts have risen.

[Fig. 8] A schematic side view showing a seventh step of taking unfinished mat seedlings out of a closed box and proceeding to a habituation process.

[FIG. 9] A perspective view of the main part showing a state in which a seed meal has been sown on a mat-like base according to the second embodiment.

[FIG. 10] A schematic side view showing a state in which the top of the seeding meal is covered with an extremely thin paper.

Garden 11] The side view which shows the state which watered the upper surface of FIG.

12 is a schematic side view showing the presser plate placed on the top of FIG.

Explanation of sign

1 Matted substrate

2 Raw bamboo powder

Particulate matter of 3 palmaceous plants

4 Powdered herbaceous plants of rice family

5 Closed box

6 Honorable

7 seeds

7a sprout

7b young roots

8 Permeable ultra thin paper

9 Presser plate

10 unfinished mat seedlings

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the first embodiment seen in FIG. 1, first of all, the raw bamboo formed to have a size of 2 mm ² or less 50% by weight of granular material 2, 30% by weight of granular material 3 of palm family, and 20% by weight of powder 4 of herbaceous plant of rice family were mixed mutually. That is, these materials were sufficiently uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 50:30:20 to obtain a molding material. This material was compressed for 30 seconds at a temperature of about 200 ° C. and a pressure of about 3.5 kg / cm ² to obtain a 3 cm thick mat-like substrate. When this substrate was subjected to the production of turf mat seedlings as described below with reference to the seven figures of FIGS. 2 to 8, it was possible to obtain a product as expected in a very short time without any inconvenience. In addition, the code | symbol 21 in FIG. 1 is a small hole for movement and anti-slip of the seed formed on the surface of the mat-like substrate 1.

In the first step of the seedling production process according to the present invention, the mat-like substrate 1 is inserted into a rectangular dish-shaped holder 6 (resin case) 28 cm long, 58 cm wide, and 5 cm deep via a gauze etc. The holders were placed in a direct "placed" state, and a number of the holders 6 thus arranged were arranged in a hermetically sealed sealed box 5. In the closed box 5, a water absorption mat 51 for indoor water retention is covered on the entire bottom surface.

[0035] In the next second step, as shown in Fig. 2, turf seeds 7 are scattered to a uniform density on the surface of the mat-like substrate 1 in the holder 6, and the mat-like substrate 1 is Seed the seeds for 18 ml 4 to 5 times!

[0036] In the third step, as shown in Fig. 3, as shown in Fig. 4, after applying the fragile thin paper 8 having permeability to water, in the experiment, the toilet paper is applied to the surface of the mat-like substrate 1 after seeding. From the top, water was uniformly sprayed with a nozzle W, and the seeds 7 were made wet.

In the fourth step, as shown in FIG. 5, the mat-like substrate 1 is isomorphic, that is, 28 cm long, horizontal

A holding plate 9 having a rectangular shape of 58 cm and having a weight of about 5 kg was placed on the extremely thin paper 8 as a drying prevention and a weight. In this state, the inside of the sealed box 5 was airtightly sealed to prevent the room from drying.

[0038] In the fifth step, rooting is promoted in the sealed state, and generation of radicles 7b from various types of children 7 proceeds sufficiently, and the size of the sprouts 7a in the lying position is the first judgment standard (about 3 cm) We confirmed that we reached. That is, in this example, on the 11th day after sowing, the sealing plate at the upper part of the sealed box 5 is opened, and the pressing plate 9 is removed as shown by arrow A in FIG. I did it. In this way, after one day, the young sprouts who have been asleep rise up overall and become greener Was beginning. The next day, the juvenile shoots have almost completely risen and greening has progressed considerably.

Thus, after about one week, in the present example, all of the juveniles 7a in the lying posture during removal of the presser plate 9 shown in FIG. 7 as the sixth step on the 18th day after sowing. It stood upright almost in parallel, and was fully greened, and the height reached the second judgment standard (about 8 cm).

In the seventh step, unfinished mat seedlings 10 conforming to the second criterion were placed on the open floor so that they could be taken out from the closed box 5 together with the holder 6 and transferred to the acclimatization process. In this way, the breeding was continued for about 10 days under natural conditions, and was used for planting as finished mat seedlings. In this acclimatization and cultivation, when taking out the unfinished mat seedlings 10 from the closed box 5, as shown in FIG. 8, the force which was also removed from the holder 6 and placed outdoors was the degree of growth of the seedlings. There was no difference from the case.

FIG. 9 to FIG. 12 show a second embodiment, wherein 50% by weight of raw bamboo powder, 20% by weight of coconut palm powder and granular material, and powdery herbaceous plant of rice family The mixture was mixed with 30% by weight. That is, the respective materials were sufficiently uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 50: 20:30 to obtain a molding material. This material was compressed for 25 seconds at a temperature of about 180 ° C. and a pressure of about 3 kg / cm ² to obtain a 20 mm thick mat-like substrate.

As shown in FIGS. 9 to 12 sequentially, the green body is first stored in the holder 6 as shown in FIG. 9 in the same procedure as in the first embodiment. Seed meal 7A was densely sown on the surface of the mat-like substrate 1 described above. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the top was covered with toilet paper 8 as a water-permeable ultra-thin paper. Subsequently, the mat substrate 1 was sufficiently watered by irrigation, and at this time, as shown in FIG. 10, the toilet paper 8 was deformed by water absorption and closely adhered along the shape of the sowing pot 7A. In this state, as shown in FIG. 12, the holder 6 is housed in the closed box 5, and the holding plate 9 is placed on the upper surface of the sowing pot 7A, and it is sealed at the same time as applying a load. .

[0043] Thus, when the rice mat seedlings were used to grow, it was possible to obtain the expected seedlings as expected without any inconvenience. Seedlings thus obtained were taken out of the closed box 5 as in the first embodiment, exposed to natural light and acclimated to promote greening and growth. The mat-like rice seedlings thus prepared should be placed on the rice transplanter seedling platform and divided into several sheets of the mat-like substrate. The force used for rice planting work could be done without any abnormalities. In this way, it was also confirmed that it could be used for the current rice transplanter.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] Composition of raw bamboo powder and granular material obtained by crushing length of fiber direction into several mm or less, and powdery granular material of palmaceous plant similarly broken in length of fiber direction to several mm or less Finely break up the fiber bundle! /, Seed of all plants and plants on the whole surface of the mat-like base which is mixed with the powder of herbaceous plant of rice family and compressed and formed into a porous plate-like body A mat seedling comprising a cluster of seedlings of a plant and a plant in which young roots are allowed to permeate through the base and move around to the back side to be held firmly in the mat-like base and the mat-like base.

[2] A mixture of 30 to 70% by weight of powdered bamboo powder, 15 to 30% by weight of powdery granular material of palm family, 15 to 35% by weight of powdery herbaceous plant of rice family The mat seedling according to claim 1, which is formed of a material.

[3] The mat seedling according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the seeds of plants and plants are seeds for turf.

[4] The mat seedling according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the seeds of plants and plants are rice seeds.

[5] Composition of raw bamboo powder and granular material obtained by crushing length of fiber direction into several mm or less, and powdery granular material of palmaceous plant similarly broken in length of fiber direction to several mm or less Pulverize the fiber bundle finely! /, Mix it with the powder of herbaceous plant of rice family, compress it by water-mixing and stir-knead the mixture and compress it into a few cm thick porous plate about 10 cm in height and width An operation of containing a mat-like substrate formed into a desired shape and containing the mat-like substrate in a corresponding plate-like holder, an operation of sowing desired grass seeds on the entire surface of the substrate, and An operation of placing a fragile ultrathin paper having water permeability and water absorption on the entire surface of the seeding surface to cover the entire surface of the seeding surface, and then watering the ultrathin paper so that the mat-like substrate becomes wet. And, subsequently, an operation of placing a pressing plate for pressing the entire surface of the mat-like substrate on the ultra-thin paper after irrigation. After a few days after sowing with the holding plate set, it is confirmed that young sprouts have grown to the first judgment standard height on the lower surface side of the holding plate after removing the holding plate, and the sunlight for the seedlings is removed. An operation to start irradiation, and an operation to increase the degree of greening of the second criterion by raising the young sprout which has been white to light yellow and flaky like at the start of sun exposure to rise to light green to green, Manufacturing method of mat seedling.

[6] The method for producing a mat seedling according to claim 5, wherein an unfinished mat seedling is allowed to grow to a state of enduring transplanting by passing through an acclimatizing process to obtain a finished mat seedling. The method for producing a mat seedling according to claim 5, wherein germination and growth are carried out in a closed box until the plant is subjected to sunlight irradiation after seeding.