WO2008023127A1 - Sonde d'imagerie ultrasonore pour imager une modification transitoire d'un milieu - Google Patents
Sonde d'imagerie ultrasonore pour imager une modification transitoire d'un milieu Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008023127A1 WO2008023127A1 PCT/FR2007/051773 FR2007051773W WO2008023127A1 WO 2008023127 A1 WO2008023127 A1 WO 2008023127A1 FR 2007051773 W FR2007051773 W FR 2007051773W WO 2008023127 A1 WO2008023127 A1 WO 2008023127A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- transducers
- imaging
- dedicated
- medium
- transducer
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/8909—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration
- G01S15/8915—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration using a transducer array
- G01S15/8918—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration using a transducer array the array being linear
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0048—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying mechanical forces or stimuli
- A61B5/0053—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying mechanical forces or stimuli by applying pressure, e.g. compression, indentation, palpation, grasping, gauging
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/42—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient
- A61B8/4272—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient involving the acoustic interface between the transducer and the tissue
- A61B8/4281—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient involving the acoustic interface between the transducer and the tissue characterised by sound-transmitting media or devices for coupling the transducer to the tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
- A61B8/485—Diagnostic techniques involving measuring strain or elastic properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/895—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques characterised by the transmitted frequency spectrum
- G01S15/8952—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques characterised by the transmitted frequency spectrum using discrete, multiple frequencies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52019—Details of transmitters
- G01S7/5202—Details of transmitters for pulse systems
- G01S7/52022—Details of transmitters for pulse systems using a sequence of pulses, at least one pulse manipulating the transmissivity or reflexivity of the medium
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52023—Details of receivers
- G01S7/52036—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation
- G01S7/52042—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation determining elastic properties of the propagation medium or of the reflective target
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52023—Details of receivers
- G01S7/52036—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the general field of probes for ultrasound imaging, also called “ultrasound imaging”.
- the invention relates more particularly to methods and probes for imaging viscoelastic properties based on the use of ultrasonic radiation pressure.
- Conventional ultrasound probes are designed to both transmit ultrasound waves into tissues in a medium and capture backscattered signals to analyze and reform an image of the medium.
- these probes are composed of a series of N piezoelectric transducers aligned along a line. This line may be straight or curved.
- the piezoelectric transducers are individually controlled by electronic channels capable of applying electrical signals out of phase with each other.
- the size and spacing of the transducers depends on the frequency of the ultrasound probe and typically varies between 0.5 and 1 wavelength of the emitted ultrasonic wave.
- the electronic focusing and the reconstruction of the ultrasound image can only be realized in one plane.
- the third dimension called “elevation” it is customary to apply on the piezoelectric transducers a fixed geometric lens for confining the ultrasonic beam to a reasonable thickness range.
- the size of the piezoelectric transducers in elevation is 20 wavelengths of the emitted ultrasonic wave and the geometric focusing depth of 100 wavelengths of the emitted ultrasonic wave.
- Ultrasound is sometimes used to create transient changes in the medium, such as ultrasonic radiation pressure.
- ultrasonic radiation pressure is used in elastographic techniques. These techniques are additional imaging modes to that of conventional ultrasound imaging.
- the penetration depth of the mechanical stress is limited, usually to half of the potentially searchable depth.
- the width of the exploration zone is also limited because the source of internal mechanical vibration has an inappropriate geometry.
- the main object of the present invention is therefore to overcome such drawbacks by proposing a solution for generating an optimal internal mechanical stress while satisfying the regulatory acoustic powers and making no compromise on the quality of the ultrasound imaging.
- the invention therefore relates to an ultrasound imaging probe for imaging a medium comprising two types of transducer (s) operating at different frequencies, characterized in that the first type of transducer (s) is dedicated to ultrasound imaging of the medium. , and the second type of transducer (s) is dedicated to the generation of a constraint generating at least one transient modification of the imaged medium, the two types of transducer (s) being able to operate at least in a so-called coupled mode where the The first type of transducer operates synchronously with the second type of transducer so as to image the evolution of the transient modification of the medium.
- the second type of transducer is adapted to generate a transient change of the medium and synchronized with the first type of transducer for imaging this transient change.
- the synchronization of the two types of transducers is carried out according to the physical and kinetic properties of the evolution of the transient modification of the medium.
- the relative provisions of the transducers may also be a function of these properties.
- the two types of transducers are distinct by their geometric and acoustic characteristics.
- the two types of transducers operate at different frequencies.
- the first transducers are dedicated to ultrasound imaging, high quality ultrasound images can be obtained.
- These ultrasound images are advantageously conventional ultrasound images and ultrasound images of the transient movements, in particular the images of a shearing movement making it possible to make an elastographic measurement.
- the first type of transducer has two modes of operation, the so-called coupled mode and a so-called conventional mode in which the first type of transducer produces an echographic image of the medium.
- the constraint generating a transient modification is propagative, the second type of transducer then being synchronized taking into account the characteristics of the propagation of the constraint generating the transient modification.
- the stress generating a transient change is a mechanical stress by ultrasonic radiation pressure.
- the transducers dedicated to ultrasound imaging are positioned linearly. This embodiment corresponds to one of the usual formats of imaging probes and the implementation of the invention in a probe similar to the existing authorizes a quick start of practitioners.
- the line defined by the alignment of the transducers may be straight or curved or take a shape adapted to the geometric characteristics of the medium to be observed.
- the transducers dedicated to the generation of the stress generating a transient modification are then distributed in two lines arranged on either side of the transducers dedicated to imaging.
- the arrangement of these latter transducers may be in a straight or curved alignment or they may be placed in a form adapted to the geometric characteristics of the medium to be observed.
- the transducers dedicated to the generation of the stress generating a transient modification of the medium have a geometric focus in elevation more distant than the transducers dedicated to imaging.
- the volume of the stress zone is increased, the quality of the stress is improved and the local energy deposited in the medium is decreased.
- the transducers dedicated to the generation of the stress generating a transient modification of the medium have a lower resonant frequency than that of the transducers dedicated to imaging.
- these lenses are independent for both types of transducers.
- These focusing lenses can be implemented in the form of a single lens having two different curvatures.
- the transducers of the two types are controlled by independent electronic channels and able to be controlled synchronously.
- FIGS. 1a and 1b diagrammatically represent a probe according to the invention
- FIGS. 2a and 2b show the shape of the pressure fields respectively obtained with a conventional probe and a probe according to the invention
- FIG. 3 represents the amplitude of the pressure fields as a function of the depth obtained with a conventional probe and a probe according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows the attenuation of the shear field created by the pressure fields of FIG. 3;
- FIGS. 5a to 5c illustrate the focusing effect for three different focal points obtained with a conventional probe and a probe according to the invention.
- Figure 1 describes an embodiment of a probe according to the invention.
- the described probe is intended for an application coupling ultrasound imaging and elastographic imaging. More particularly, the probe could be used for breast imaging.
- the described probe extends along a dimension X and has two types of transducers 1 and 2.
- the transducers 1 are, for example, 256. They advantageously have a resonance frequency of 8 MHz and a width of 0.2 mm, on the X dimension, over a height of 4 mm, on the Y dimension. note that, for clarity, in Figure 1, the scales in X and Y are different. They are controlled by 128 independent electronic channels, via a multiplexer inserted into the probe itself or placed in an ultrasound system to which the probe is connected. With such features, the transducers 1 provide a two-dimensional ultrasound image of the breast of high quality.
- a second type of transducer 2 is intended for the generation of an internal mechanical stress allowing the propagation of a shear wave in the medium. They are arranged linearly on either side of the transducers 1. These transducers 2 are 256 in number, ie 128 transducers on each side of the line constituted by the transducers 1. These transducers 2 have a frequency of resonance equal to half that of type 1 transducers, ie a resonance frequency equal to 4 MHz. They have a double width of 0.4 mm and a height of half, that is to say 2 mm.
- Both types of transducers belong to the family of ultrasonic transducers. Their resonance frequencies are higher than 20 kHz but belong to distinct frequency intervals. The two types of transducers can thus be differentiated by distinct ultrasonic resonance frequencies and by distinct geometric properties, in particular their respective sizes.
- the number of transducers dedicated to the generation of the stress is the same as the number of imaging transducers, it is noted here that this characteristic is not limiting, these numbers may be different.
- each pair of transducers 2 located on either side of the transducers 1 are electronically coupled and controlled by the same electronic channel.
- the 256 type 2 transducers are therefore controlled by 128 electronic channels different from those driving the type 1 transducers.
- the probe obtained is therefore controlled by an ultrasound system having 256 independent electronic channels.
- the transducers 1 and 2 are respectively placed lenses 3 and 4 which allow the elevation focusing respectively of the thrust fields and imaging fields. It is emphasized here that the lenses 3 and 4 can also be parts of one and the same lens having two different curvatures.
- the focus defined by the curvature of the lens is different for the transducers 1 and the transducers 2. For the transducers 1, the focusing is performed at 20 mm while for the transducers 2, the focusing is performed at 60 mm.
- the use of different focussings allows to spread in space the ultrasonic field for the generation of stress while keeping an optimal confined field for ultrasound imaging.
- the two types of transducers are synchronously controlled so as to image, with the transducers 1, the evolution of the transient modification of the medium caused by the transducers 2.
- the transducers 1 have two modes of operation, a first so-called conventional mode where the first type of transducers produces a single ultrasound image of the medium, a second so-called coupled mode where the first type of transducers operates synchronously with the second type of transducer. transducers in order to image the evolution of the transient modification of the medium.
- the transducers 1 have the same geometric and acoustic characteristics as those of a standard linear ultrasound probe, the performances of such a probe are ultrasonically identical to those of a linear probe having the characteristics central transducers previously described.
- FIG. 2a shows a pressure field in the (Y, Z) plane obtained with a conventional unidimensional probe having a focus at 20 mm.
- FIG. 2b shows the pressure field in the same plane (Y, Z) obtained with a probe according to the invention as represented in FIG. 1.
- the intensity of the pressure field is represented in a manner all the more dark that it is important. It can be seen that in FIG. 2b the pressure field is much more spread on the Y direction than in the case of a conventional unidimensional probe shown in FIG. 2a.
- the stress generated by the probe according to the invention proves to be both more intense because the maximum pressure is observed over a wider area, and better distributed. This corresponds to the satisfaction of the objectives pursued, namely an intensification of the pressure field and, consequently, the generation of a shear wave particularly adapted to elastography.
- FIG. 3 represents the amplitude of the pressure fields obtained as a function of depth, at the point of coordinates (0.0, Z), with Z varying from 0 to 50 mm.
- Dashed is represented the amplitude in decibels of the pressure field obtained by the conventional unidimensional probe and, in solid lines, is represented the amplitude of the pressure field for the probe according to the invention.
- the pressure field is 3 decibels lower for the probe according to the invention compared to the conventional one-dimensional probe.
- this parameter is less important for the implementation of an elastographic method than the propagation length of the shear wave created by the pressure field.
- the attenuation of the shear field created by the pressure fields mentioned above is represented as a displacement D as a function of the lateral distance X at the source. This makes it possible to compare the resulting shear waves for both probes with a focus at 20 mm.
- transducers 2 be transducers operating at a lower frequency than transducers 1 for ultrasound. Otherwise, as is the case with a conventional probe, the focus effect is limited to about half of the imaging depth due to the ultrasonic attenuation.
- FIGS. 5a to 5c illustrate this for focusing respectively at 20, 30 and 40 mm from each of the conventional probes and according to the invention. These figures represent the pressure fields created by the two probes on a Z depth of 50 mm.
- the probe according to the invention (solid line) allows a thrust in the medium to more than 40 mm, while the depth of penetration of the conventional probe is of the order of twenty millimeters.
- the arrangement of the transducers can be varied.
- the transducers 1 and 2 can thus be superimposed on one another. In this case, only the imaging transducers 1 remain visible to the operator, the transducers 2 being placed "behind" the transducers 1 and therefore masked by them.
- the number and shape of the transducers of each kind can also be varied. It is possible to use more transducers 1 and less transducers 2 and vice versa.
- the transducers of the second type can also be used for performing coupled-mode ultrasound imaging, for example before and after the generation of the stress, so as to cover a larger imaging area in the elevational direction than with only transducers of the first type.
- the example probe proposed in FIG. 1 it then becomes possible to simultaneously image in coupled mode in three different imaging planes.
- transducers of the first type can also be used to generate a constraint in addition to that specifically generated by the transducers of the second type.
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020097002719A KR101379648B1 (ko) | 2006-08-22 | 2007-08-03 | 환경의 일시적 변화를 이미징하기 위한 초음파 이미징 프로브 |
EP07823682.5A EP2069821B1 (fr) | 2006-08-22 | 2007-08-03 | Sonde d'imagerie ultrasonore pour imager une modification transitoire d'un milieu |
CA2661052A CA2661052C (fr) | 2006-08-22 | 2007-08-03 | Sonde d'imagerie ultrasonore pour imager une modification transitoire d'un milieu |
JP2009525089A JP5492559B2 (ja) | 2006-08-22 | 2007-08-03 | 媒体の一時的変更を画像化する超音波画像化プローブ |
CN2007800305898A CN101506683B (zh) | 2006-08-22 | 2007-08-03 | 用于对介质的瞬时改变进行成像的超声成像探头 |
US12/092,699 US10481260B2 (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2007-08-03 | Ultrasound imaging probe for imaging a temporary change in an environment |
IL196840A IL196840A (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2009-02-02 | Ultrasound imaging tracker to simulate a temporary change in the environment |
HK10101553.5A HK1133700A1 (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2010-02-11 | Ultrasound imaging probe for imaging a temporary change in an environment |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0607438A FR2905180B1 (fr) | 2006-08-22 | 2006-08-22 | Sonde d'imagerie ultrasonore pour imager une modification transitoire d'un milieu |
FR06/07438 | 2006-08-22 | ||
US88324307P | 2007-01-03 | 2007-01-03 | |
US60/883,243 | 2007-01-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2008023127A1 true WO2008023127A1 (fr) | 2008-02-28 |
Family
ID=38962785
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2007/051773 WO2008023127A1 (fr) | 2006-08-22 | 2007-08-03 | Sonde d'imagerie ultrasonore pour imager une modification transitoire d'un milieu |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10481260B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2069821B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5492559B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR101379648B1 (fr) |
CN (2) | CN102973295B (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2661052C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2905180B1 (fr) |
HK (2) | HK1133700A1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL196840A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2008023127A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101869485A (zh) * | 2010-06-23 | 2010-10-27 | 深圳大学 | 超声成像方法及装置 |
Families Citing this family (9)
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US20110137166A1 (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2011-06-09 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Transducer arrangement and method for acquiring sono-elastographical data and ultrasonic data of a material |
US9364194B2 (en) | 2008-09-18 | 2016-06-14 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for detecting regions of altered stiffness |
US20100286520A1 (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2010-11-11 | General Electric Company | Ultrasound system and method to determine mechanical properties of a target region |
CN102667522B (zh) * | 2009-11-25 | 2014-10-08 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 采用聚焦扫描线波束形成的超声剪切波成像 |
CN101912278A (zh) * | 2010-08-12 | 2010-12-15 | 陈庆武 | 超声动态弹性成像探头及方法 |
KR102185362B1 (ko) * | 2013-10-08 | 2020-12-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 초음파 프로브 및 이를 포함한 의료 장치 |
CN104359972A (zh) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-02-18 | 杨松 | 检测物体物理属性的方法和装置 |
US20160143625A1 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-05-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Ultrasonic probe and ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus |
CN110720948B (zh) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-02-02 | 无锡海斯凯尔医学技术有限公司 | 基于超声检测系统的生物体征检测方法 |
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- 2007-08-03 JP JP2009525089A patent/JP5492559B2/ja active Active
- 2007-08-03 EP EP07823682.5A patent/EP2069821B1/fr active Active
- 2007-08-03 CN CN201210396248.5A patent/CN102973295B/zh active Active
- 2007-08-03 US US12/092,699 patent/US10481260B2/en active Active
- 2007-08-03 WO PCT/FR2007/051773 patent/WO2008023127A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2007-08-03 CN CN2007800305898A patent/CN101506683B/zh active Active
- 2007-08-03 KR KR1020097002719A patent/KR101379648B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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2009
- 2009-02-02 IL IL196840A patent/IL196840A/en active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101506683A (zh) | 2009-08-12 |
CN101506683B (zh) | 2013-05-22 |
CN102973295A (zh) | 2013-03-20 |
CA2661052A1 (fr) | 2008-02-28 |
CA2661052C (fr) | 2016-08-23 |
JP5492559B2 (ja) | 2014-05-14 |
HK1183220A1 (zh) | 2013-12-20 |
EP2069821A1 (fr) | 2009-06-17 |
EP2069821B1 (fr) | 2020-01-01 |
IL196840A0 (en) | 2009-11-18 |
US20090149760A1 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
KR101379648B1 (ko) | 2014-03-28 |
FR2905180B1 (fr) | 2008-12-05 |
IL196840A (en) | 2014-09-30 |
HK1133700A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
KR20090042913A (ko) | 2009-05-04 |
US10481260B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
FR2905180A1 (fr) | 2008-02-29 |
CN102973295B (zh) | 2015-11-18 |
JP2010501231A (ja) | 2010-01-21 |
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