WO2007141184A2 - Entladungslampe für dielektrisch behinderte entladungen mit flachem entladungsgefäss - Google Patents
Entladungslampe für dielektrisch behinderte entladungen mit flachem entladungsgefäss Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007141184A2 WO2007141184A2 PCT/EP2007/055320 EP2007055320W WO2007141184A2 WO 2007141184 A2 WO2007141184 A2 WO 2007141184A2 EP 2007055320 W EP2007055320 W EP 2007055320W WO 2007141184 A2 WO2007141184 A2 WO 2007141184A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- discharge
- discharge lamp
- lamp according
- electrode
- electrodes
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
- H01J61/305—Flat vessels or containers
- H01J61/307—Flat vessels or containers with folded elongated discharge path
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
- H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
- H01J65/046—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by using capacitive means around the vessel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133604—Direct backlight with lamps
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
- G09F13/04—Signs, boards or panels, illuminated from behind the insignia
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
- G09F13/26—Signs formed by electric discharge tubes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
- H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J2893/0002—Construction arrangements of electrode systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a discharge lamp having a bottom plate and a ceiling plate designed for dielectrically impeded discharges.
- Discharge lamps in which dielectrically impeded discharges are generated by a dielectric layer between the electrodes or at least the anodes and the discharge medium have been known for some time.
- An important application is in the so-called.
- Flachstrahlem the discharge vessel is constructed of a bottom plate and a ceiling plate or at least these two plates as essential components in addition to other components such as a connecting frame containing them.
- Such flat radiators can be used in particular for the backlighting of monitors, screens and other display devices, but are also suitable for general lighting.
- the discharge vessel has a planar structure, that is to say it is considerably smaller in one dimension than in the other two dimensions.
- the invention is the technical problem of specifying a new and improved design for a corresponding discharge lamp.
- the invention is directed to a discharge lamp with a base plate, a ceiling plate for the light emission, which is at least partially illuminated.
- dielectrically impeded discharge or barrier discharge lamp refers to discharges that take place in mercury-free discharge media, in particular substantially noble gas-containing discharge media. Particularly important here is xenon and the radiation of xenon excimers.
- the anodes and the cathodes are distinguished as such and distinguishable from one another and are configured strip-shaped and at least the anodes are separated from the discharge medium by a dielectric layer.
- the cathodes and the anodes occur in pairs, apart from edge regions, that is, each anode is adjacent to an anode and a cathode and each cathode is adjacent to a cathode and an anode.
- the basic idea is to provide both the cathodes and the anodes in pairs. So it should be adjacent to each anode on the one hand, a cathode and on the other hand, another anode and, conversely, each cathode, on the one hand an anode and on the other hand, a further cathode. Of course, border areas are not affected by this because a peripheral electrode naturally has no neighbors to one side.
- Discharge lamps in which the anodes and cathodes are indistinguishable from each other also fall under this aspect of the invention as far as they are combined with a ballast designed for unipolar operation.
- the invention is concerned with lamps that are specially designed for unipolar operation and make the cathodes and anodes distinguishable from one another. This may be the case, for example, in that the anodes, but not the cathodes, are dielectrically separated from the discharge medium. It can also be given by the fact that the cathodes
- the electrode structure according to the invention furthermore allows a favorable arrangement of electrode pairs to discharge vessel parts, whereupon likewise r, o 'i, r s a s ⁇ -rc * / v *> r d Scr ⁇ !
- the projections for localization of individual discharge structures can also be distributed in heterogeneous densities, for example, in edge regions are somewhat denser than in the central regions, in order to counteract darkening at the edge.
- the projections alternate along the strip direction, ie in the direction of the strip a rightward-pointing projection of the right-hand cathode is followed by a projection of the left-hand cathode pointing to the left, and vice versa, so that FIGS the two sides located discharge structures are alternately.
- the inner-pair distances are smaller than the distances between the polarity-different nearest adjacent electrodes, o that the overall order of individual discharge structures remains dense for some reason and does not end up with coarse unused strands.
- I t has even surprisinglystrages tellt that despite, in any event, correlated with individual discharge structures and in front of a gesa mt s drawing it into "along de n, electrode strips with the discharge distance
- At least one support element which establishes a connection of the base plate and the ceiling plate for mutual support and rib-like with a linear system of the bottom plate and the ceiling plate is formed together, the electrodes are designed strip-shaped and in their main direction parallel to the rib-like support member and each of the separated by the support member parts of the discharge space are each assigned at least two polarity different electrodes and the electrodes are spaced in the discharge area of the linienhaft conditioning the bottom plate and the ceiling plate in the region of the support element.
- the support elements which are unavoidable in practically interesting formats are provided in a line-like rib-like design.
- This also includes the case that only a single such rib-like support element is present, but cases with a plurality of support elements are preferred.
- the discharge space between the ceiling plate and the base plate is subdivided into channel-like parts, which are all This means that the support elements do not have to go through the entire length
- the parts of the discharge space separated by the support elements have at least two polarity-different electrodes, at least one
- the cathode and at least one anode are arranged in such a way that these electrodes are at a distance from the areas corresponding to the linear contact of the support elements.
- This spacing is at least in the region of the discharges, ie at least at and between the discharges, before, but not necessarily also in the region of the supply lines.
- the term "spaced" refers to the plane in which the electrode strips lie. The term is therefore meant to be two-dimensional in the projection into this plane. If the electrodes or a part of the electrodes lie outside the discharge vessel, as is anyway preferred in the context of this invention, this is due to the corresponding plate thickness between the electrodes and the mechanical attachment resulting distance not meant. Rather, the electrodes in the projection on the mentioned level should not be below, but next to the line-like system.
- linear attachment does not necessarily mean a linewidth equal to zero. Rather, the width of the system compared to the length should be much smaller. However, relatively narrow contact surfaces are clearly preferred
- rib-like support elements have already been mentioned in the cited prior art, they were applied to the electrode strips. In other words, the electrode strips were partially under the support members to be “blocked” by them. This should separate individual discharge structures. However, contrary to this, a blocking effect of the supporting elements or even the discharge vessel walls on the discharge structures is not to be used, but rather avoided. Since her the electrodes should be spaced davo n run. In the case of external electrodes, for instance under the bottom plate, the discharges within the discharge vessel start at approximately the point which is closest to the external electrode. This point should then also be spaced from the investment line.
- the support elements and areas of the ceiling or floor plate can charge electrostatically and hinder the trouble-free formation of discharges.
- the inventors assume that this is disadvantageous for an efficient and geometrically favorable formation of discharges , If necessary, the invention also provides the possibility of "pulling up" the discharges along a part of the electrode strip lengths. This would be disturbed if the electrodes (in the projection explained in the plane of the electrode strips) in the area of the line system between the plates or the plates and the support elements.
- the support elements made of translucent Mate ⁇ - al, in particular glass, to absorb as little as possible of the generated light.
- the support elements may, as already mentioned in the cited prior art, advantageously be integrally formed as an integral part of the bottom plate or the ceiling plate.
- the top plate may have a corresponding wave structure, the "valleys" of which extend down onto the bottom plate as support elements.
- the support elements form an angle in the plate where they meet one of the plates and form the pendulous abutment Range of 35 ° to 55 °, more preferably between 40 ° and 50 °.
- Such angles have been found to be favorable with regard to the stability of the resulting discharge vessels, the light distribution, the spaces available for the discharge structures and the total lamp thicknesses that arise.
- the bottom plate or the ceiling plate may be completely concave or concave between the support elements, the term "concave” is seen from the perspective of the discharge vessel inside.
- the ceiling plate may have integrated support elements which contact the base plate at an angle of 45 ° in the form of a V, and create completely rounded or partially rounded transitions between these V structures.
- a favorable plate thickness for the discharge vessel walls, in particular the ceiling plate and the bottom plate is in the range between 0.8 and 1, 1 mm, more preferably between 0.9 and 1, 0 mm.
- system of support elements to one of the plate does not necessarily have to be a plant in the sense of a waiver of a fixed connection.
- the support elements can be glued or otherwise attached.
- a pure plant without further bonding or even sealing is actually preferred. This is particularly easy to manufacture and brings by dispensing with additional materials no further contamination in the discharge space.
- the electrodes are preferably provided outside the discharge vessel.
- they may be applied to a sheet on one of the sheets, in particular glued.
- This foil may carry a copper layer structured by etching techniques through which the electrodes are formed.
- External electrodes offer a particularly simple, reliable and error-free realization of the required chen dielectric between the electrodes and the discharge medium and are manufacturing technology particularly favorable and also inexpensive.
- the electrodes are controllable in groups, ie operated differently from one another in their operating parameters or can also be operated completely independently of one another.
- the groups may each comprise a plurality of pairs of electrodes, but also consist of a single pair of electrodes.
- the group division is preferably matched to the division of the electrodes onto the discharge space parts between the support elements.
- the groups may each correspond to the electrodes in such a discharge space part.
- the group-wise operation can be used, for example, for a line or general line-like circuit in which certain groups are operated brighter or darker than the other groups.
- a further embodiment of the invention is directed to a display device with a locally controllable brightness filter as a screen and a discharge lamp designed as described above for backlighting, in which the electrode set is divided into spatially separated groups, which are controlled separately, the brightness filter driven line by line Pixels and forming the electrode groups to the pixels line-parallel strips, wherein the display device is designed to operate the electrode groups in synchronization with the control of the pixels for rewriting brightness image information in the corresponding lines brighter than in the remaining phases of operation.
- the basic idea of this embodiment is to combine the per se known groupwise division of the electrode set of the discharge lamp with its application for the backlighting of a screen and to tune in operation to the control of the pixels of certain image lines of the screen.
- This control of the pixels is the writing of the actual figurative light-dark information from which meant the displayed figures and outlines, meant. If, in synchronism with this, the electrode group (s) are operated brighter than the other electrode groups that backlight the corresponding line area, it is effectively possible to generate an arbitrarily introduced interlaced process. In this case, the screen lines with the new image information appear brighter than the others, whereby the term "lighter" also includes that the other electrode groups are switched to dark.
- Such a representation is perceived by the human eye as the movement of a sharply or sharply outlined point when the image is restored. holrate is sufficiently high and the eye is thus interpolated.
- an overlap is provided in each case between the respective light operating phases, that is to say that the electrode groups whose light operating phases follow each other in time are simultaneously switched bright for a specific shorter time span compared to the length of the light operating phase.
- the electrode groups whose light operating phases follow each other in time are simultaneously switched bright for a specific shorter time span compared to the length of the light operating phase.
- Electrode groups that are in a light-operating phase helps the synchronization, because then at least the size of the relative stresses is much lower. Electrode groups that are switched to very dark need not cause any problems here because they can be switched off on the supply side and thus galvanically decoupled or switched to high impedance.
- the division into groups which can be operated separately can be further promoted to units which are referred to here as electrode subgroups.
- These are to be assigned to dyes having a different color, preferably three or more, so that a sequential sequence of differently colored backlight pulses results from the respective pulse-like backlighting of a screen area with pixels just newly described with image information.
- This can be a color without the use of the conventional conventional manner and lossy color filter and without loss of spatial resolution of the brightness filter, in particular liquid crystal screen done.
- a vote on image content i. H. their brightness values occur in certain parts of the image. For example, in an image with a bright sky over a dark lower image area, the electrode groups in the upper area can be operated with greater power than in the lower area.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic plan view of a barrier discharge lamp according to the invention with a right side shown next to it
- FIG. 2 shows a section from a sectional representation of the discharge lamp from FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 shows at the top right a plan view of an exemplary electrode structure for a discharge lamp according to the invention with further ones
- FIG. 4 shows a variant of the plan view shown in FIG. 3 of an exemplary electrode structure for a discharge lamp according to the invention with further detailed representations.
- FIG. 5 shows schematized timing diagrams for the group-connected operation of a discharge lamp according to the invention with an electrode structure according to FIG. 3.
- FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a discharge vessel of a barrier discharge lamp 1 according to the invention.
- a sectional view CC a cross section through a ceiling plate of the discharge vessel is shown.
- FIG. 2 shows in the same viewing direction and sectional plane a section of the discharge vessel, but with the bottom plate and the electrode structure in common.
- the Flachstrahlerentladungsgefäß essentially of a ribbed ceiling plate 2 and a essentially flat bottom plate 3 is constructed, the ceiling plate 2 at 45 ° relative to the bottom plate 3 V-shaped ribs as supporting elements, which are numbered at the location of their linear attachment to the bottom plate 3 with 4.
- the ceiling plate 2 is approximately concave, thus arching approximately circular over the discharge space.
- the electrode foil is a PEN or PET carrier material with a thickness of 50-100 .mu.m and a glued copper layer of about 15-45 .mu.m, which is patterned by an etching process.
- the film is also glued to the bottom plate with an acrylic adhesive of 50 - 100 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 2 also shows an arcuate single discharge 7 between the two electrodes 6 shown there.
- the support element spacing used here between the line-like bearing surfaces 4 is 22.9 mm.
- the ceiling plate 2 and the bottom plate 3 each have a thickness of 0.9 mm at a length of 322 mm and a width of 246 mm and a total thickness of the discharge lamp 1 of 6.7 mm.
- the bottom plate 3 is coated on its upper side with a not shown reflector layer of Al 2 O 3 for reflecting the visible light, on the, as well as on the underside of the ceiling plate 2, a likewise
- the support elements 4 are only located on the base of the discharge vessel coated in this way, and a gas-tight connection by means of glass solder is provided only at the outer edge of the lamp
- the filling consists of 110 mbar Xe and 250 mbar Ne cold filling pressure.
- FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show exemplary electrode structures for discharge lamps of this type. At the top right, plan views of the overall electrode structure are shown, while the other representations are marked with represent the letters A - E numbered details from the electrode structures.
- the cathodes are each denoted by 6a and the anodes by 6b, the cathodes 6a carrying the nose-like projections already known from the prior art for defining individual discharge structures. These projections are seen to be slightly denser at the edges of the strips to counteract edge dimming.
- the electrode strips 6a and 6b are designed to be straight and parallel, and in each case form pairs.
- the electrode strips are slightly wavy, including the anode strips 6b, although they do not carry any of the aforementioned noses.
- the variant in FIG. 4 corresponds to the format of the discharge lamp 1 from FIG. 1, while the variant from FIG. 3 is larger, namely a 32 "lamp with a length of 722 mm and a width of 422 mm with a total thickness of 6.7 mm
- the ceiling plate is 1, 0 mm thick
- the rib spacing remains the same, and in both cases the same electrode spacings of 13.7 mm are present, the mean electrode spacings being 1.45 mm.
- the electrode structure of FIG. 3 is divided into a total of six anode groups and six cathode groups, thereby resulting in a total of six parallel and top-to-bottom electrode groups which can be operated separately and thus correspond to switchable light strips.
- a corresponding division into electrode groups is not shown in the variant in FIG. 4, but, as one easily recognizes, would be readily feasible.
- lamps of this type at system outputs (including ballast) of, for example, 80 W for the 16.2 "lamp and 193 W for the 32" lamp.
- Lamp luminances of 13500 cd / m 2 and 7000 cd / m 2 achieved, which corresponds to efficiencies of 11, 7 cd / W and 10.2 cd / W respectively.
- the increase in efficiency over comparable lamps with a discharge distance of about 4.5 mm was on the order of up to 40%. Further enlargement to a discharge distance of 15.7 mm even resulted in up to 50% and more efficiency increase.
- the interpolation point distances must be adjusted.
- the distance of the electrodes to the adjacent "ribs", ie the contact lines according to reference numeral 4 in Figure 2 at least at the anodes, preferably at all electrodes 1 mm, better 2 mm and more preferably 3 mm and more.
- compositions are, for example, 130 mbar Xe and 230 mbar Ne or 90 mbar Xe and 270 mbar Ne.
- the discharge vessel design has the advantage that the surface contacts of the discharges with the ceiling plate 2 are reduced in comparison to known from the prior art knob-like support elements. This manifests itself in an increase in efficiency and in higher combustion stability.
- the ribbed ceiling panels 2 are simple lower cost of manufacture and simplify the coating process for the phosphor coating of the ceiling plate 2.
- the paired electrode structure In addition to the separate operability and the clear assignment to the discharge space parts separated by the rib-like support elements 4, the paired electrode structure also has the advantage that each individual electrode strip only "carries" discharges to one side. As a result, the discharges hinder each other less, can be packed more tightly along the direction of the strip and, in particular, can be "pulled up” along the length of the strip, especially at significantly increased powers. This is, in spite of the nose projections, to the extent that extending along the entire strip length discharge structures are possible. The noses thus only define the starting points of the individual discharges at relatively low powers and facilitate the ignition process.
- FIG. 5 shows an electrode structure divided by the group-wise dimension and also a variant of the electrode structure of FIG. 4, which is divided according to the group, in accordance with a schematic timing diagram.
- the rectangular area occupied by the electrode structure according to FIG. 3 corresponds to six separately operable light strips S1-S6 in accordance with the explanations already given in the description of FIG.
- the upper area of Figure 5 shows a highly schematic representation of the temporal intensity curve for these six stripes during a period T.
- the designations I 1 - 1 6 on the vertical axis for the intensity emitted by the individual groups, while the horizontal axis Time represents.
- light strips run sequentially through the screen from top to bottom, which in this example overlap each other by one third of their lighting duration t, with the remaining areas which are not yet captured by the light strip being operated at a lower intensity.
- the period T could be 20 ms, while the single light-duty phase duration t is about 5 ms.
- the single light-duty phase duration t is about 5 ms.
- the intensity outside the light operating phases could be at 0, so the electrode groups currently not in the light operating phase would be completely switched off.
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2007800198400A CN101454868B (zh) | 2006-06-02 | 2007-05-31 | 具有平面的放电容器的用于介电阻挡放电的放电灯 |
JP2009512602A JP2009539211A (ja) | 2006-06-02 | 2007-05-31 | 平坦な放電容器を備える誘電体バリア放電のための放電ランプ |
US12/227,727 US8279162B2 (en) | 2006-06-02 | 2007-05-31 | Discharge lamp for dielectrically impeded discharge using a flat discharge vessel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006026333A DE102006026333A1 (de) | 2006-06-02 | 2006-06-02 | Entladungslampe für dielektrisch behinderte Entladungen mit flachem Entladungsgefäß |
DE102006026333.2 | 2006-06-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007141184A2 true WO2007141184A2 (de) | 2007-12-13 |
WO2007141184A3 WO2007141184A3 (de) | 2008-08-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2007/055320 WO2007141184A2 (de) | 2006-06-02 | 2007-05-31 | Entladungslampe für dielektrisch behinderte entladungen mit flachem entladungsgefäss |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8279162B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2009539211A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20090018708A (de) |
CN (1) | CN101454868B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006026333A1 (de) |
TW (1) | TWI352370B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007141184A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102006026349A1 (de) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-06 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Anzeigeeinrichtung mit Barrierenentladungslampe zur Hinterleuchtung |
DE102006026332A1 (de) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-06 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Entladungslampe für dielektrisch behinderte Entladungen mit rippenartigen Stützelementen zwischen Bodenplatte und Deckenplatte |
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2007
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- 2007-05-31 CN CN2007800198400A patent/CN101454868B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-31 US US12/227,727 patent/US8279162B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-31 WO PCT/EP2007/055320 patent/WO2007141184A2/de active Application Filing
- 2007-05-31 JP JP2009512602A patent/JP2009539211A/ja active Pending
- 2007-05-31 KR KR1020097000038A patent/KR20090018708A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20090251497A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
WO2007141184A3 (de) | 2008-08-21 |
KR20090018708A (ko) | 2009-02-20 |
TWI352370B (en) | 2011-11-11 |
JP2009539211A (ja) | 2009-11-12 |
DE102006026333A1 (de) | 2007-12-06 |
TW200820310A (en) | 2008-05-01 |
US8279162B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 |
CN101454868B (zh) | 2011-08-10 |
CN101454868A (zh) | 2009-06-10 |
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