WO2007134873A1 - Verwendung von quadratisch planaren übergangsmetallkomplexen als dotand - Google Patents
Verwendung von quadratisch planaren übergangsmetallkomplexen als dotand Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007134873A1 WO2007134873A1 PCT/EP2007/004638 EP2007004638W WO2007134873A1 WO 2007134873 A1 WO2007134873 A1 WO 2007134873A1 EP 2007004638 W EP2007004638 W EP 2007004638W WO 2007134873 A1 WO2007134873 A1 WO 2007134873A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- organic
- dopant
- transition metal
- matrix
- electronic
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical group [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 trifluoromethylphenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002390 heteroarenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical group [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JRNVZBWKYDBUCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-chlorosuccinimide Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)CCC1=O JRNVZBWKYDBUCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical group [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical group [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006340 pentafluoro ethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002577 pseudohalo group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiocyanic acid Chemical compound SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 58
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000370 acceptor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- PIINXYKJQGMIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dipyridin-2-ylethane-1,2-dione Chemical group C=1C=CC=NC=1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 PIINXYKJQGMIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n-diphenyl-4-n,4-n-bis[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKOKHHBZFDFMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)OCCN1CCOCC1 IKOKHHBZFDFMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzidine Chemical class C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004700 cobalt complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- BOXSCYUXSBYGRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 BOXSCYUXSBYGRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical class [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004698 iron complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentasulfide Chemical compound S1P(S2)(=S)SP3(=S)SP1(=S)SP2(=S)S3 CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003413 spiro compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007979 thiazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic System
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic System
- C07F15/04—Nickel compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F17/00—Metallocenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/30—Doping active layers, e.g. electron transporting layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/331—Metal complexes comprising an iron-series metal, e.g. Fe, Co, Ni
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of a square planar transition metal complex as a dopant for doping an organic semiconductive matrix material, as a charge injection layer, as an electrode material and as a memory material in electronic or optoelectronic components.
- Inorganic dopants such as alkali metals (eg cesium) or Lewis acids (eg FeCl 3 ) are usually disadvantageous in organic matrix materials because of their high diffusion coefficients, since the function and stability of the electronic components is impaired. Furthermore, these materials are volatile and thus lead to increasing contamination of the evaporation apparatus. Further, it is known to release dopants via chemical reactions in the semiconductive matrix material to provide dopants. However, the reduction potential of the dopants released in this way is often insufficient for various applications, in particular for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Furthermore, upon release of the dopants, further compounds and / or atoms, for example atomic hydrogen, are generated, whereby the properties of the doped layer or of the corresponding electronic component are impaired.
- alkali metals eg cesium
- Lewis acids eg FeCl 3
- the acceptor-like material can also be used as a hole injection layer.
- a layer structure anode / acceptor / hole transporter can be produced.
- the hole transporter can be a pure layer or a mixed layer.
- the hole transporter may also be doped with an acceptor.
- the anode may be, for example, ITO.
- the acceptor layer may, for example, be 0.5-100 nm thick.
- Square planar transition metal complexes are known, for example, from WO 2005/123754 A2, which can be used in a wide variety of electronic applications, for example in active electronic components, passive electronic components, in electroluminescent devices (eg organic light emitting diodes), photovoltaic cells, light emitting diodes, Field effect transistors, phototransistors, etc ..
- electroluminescent devices eg organic light emitting diodes
- photovoltaic cells eg.g., light emitting diodes
- light emitting diodes e.g., Field effect transistors, phototransistors, etc .
- the use of the described square planar transition metal complexes is given as a charge transport material.
- the compounds used as dopants should lead to sufficiently high reduction potentials without interfering influences for the matrix material itself and should provide an effective increase in the number of charge carriers in the matrix material and be comparatively easy to handle.
- the first object is achieved in that the square planar transition metal complex has one of the following structures (I) or (II): - -
- M is a transition metal selected from Groups 8 to 11 of the Periodic Table of the Elements
- Xi, X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are independently selected from S, NR 5 and PR 5 , wherein R 5 is selected from, substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, fused aromatic rings, donor groups and acceptor groups,
- Ri and R 2 are independently selected from, substituted or unsubstituted, aromatics, heteroaromatics, aliphatic hydrocarbons, cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons and nitrile,
- Li and L 2 are independently selected from aromatic amine, aromatic phosphine, halogen, pseudohalogen, NCS, SCN and CN.
- M is selected from nickel, copper, palladium, platinum, iron, ruthenium and osmium, preferably nickel, cobalt and iron.
- R 1 and R 2 are selected from substituted phenyl, preferably trifluoromethylphenyl, anisyl, tolyl, 2-pyridyl, methyl, propyl, isopropyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl and trichloromethyl. - -
- the disclosed transition-metal complexes a significantly stronger and / or more stable dopant is present than with previously known acceptor compounds, the square planar transition metal complexes being used here in neutral form as a p-dopant over an organic semiconductive matrix material.
- the conductivity of charge transport layers in the case of use according to the invention is substantially increased and / or the transfer of the charge carriers between the contacts and the organic layer is substantially improved in applications as an electronic component.
- CT complexes are formed in a doped layer according to the invention when the disclosed transition metal complexes are used, in particular by the transfer of at least one electron from the respective surrounding matrix material.
- cations of the matrix material are formed, which have movable holes on the matrix material.
- the matrix material acquires a conductivity that is increased compared to the conductivity of the undoped matrix material.
- Conductivities of undoped matrix materials are as a rule ⁇ 10 "8 S / cm, in particular frequently ⁇ 10 " 10 S / cm. It is important to ensure that the matrix materials have a sufficiently high purity. Such purities can be achieved by conventional methods, for example gradient sublimation. By doping the conductivity of such matrix materials can be increased to greater than 10 "8 S / cm, often> 10 " 5 S / cm. This is especially true for matrix materials that have an oxidation potential greater than -0.5 V vs.
- Fc / Fc + preferably greater than 0 V vs. Fc / Fc + , in particular greater +0.2 V vs. Have Fc / Fc +.
- the term Fc / Fc + refers to the redox couple ferrocene / ferrocenium, which is used as reference in an electrochemical determination of potential, for example cyclic voltammetry.
- the described square planar transition metal complexes can be used as an injection layer in electronic components, preferably between an electrode and a semiconductor layer, which can also be doped, in electronic components.
- Transition metal complexes can also be used according to the invention as part of a charge carrier generation layer, for example by use in a layer adjacent to another p- or n-doped layer.
- the described planar transition compounds preferably represent isolated molecules which are thus preferably present in the respective semiconducting layer as isolated molecules which are not fixed by chemical bonds to one another and / or to a matrix or to another component.
- the complexes have surprisingly high stability with respect to their reactivity with the atmosphere.
- Transition metal complexes as described herein can be synthesized by known methods, and in part they are also commercially available. The synthesis of such compounds is described, for example, in the following references, which are hereby incorporated by reference in the application in their entirety. It is understood that the cited references are given by way of example only. According to Schrauzer et al. Such transition metal complexes can be prepared from 1,2-diketones or 2-hydroxyketones, phosphorus pentasulfide and a suitable transition metal salt, J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1965) 87/7 1483-9. The reaction of transition metal carbonyls with sulfur and acetylenes also leads to the complexes according to the invention, A. Davonon et al.
- transition metal carbonyls instead of the transition metal carbonyls, it is also possible to use other formally 0-valent transition metal compounds, such as, for example, corresponding cyclooctadienyls, phosphines, etc., but also pure transition metals. G.N. Schrauzer et al. Z. Naturforschg. (1964) 19b, 192-8.
- phthalocyanine complexes for example of Zn (ZnPc), Cu (CuPc), Ni (NiPc) or other metals, where the phthalocyanine ligand may also be substituted, may be used as p-dopable matrix materials.
- Other metal complexes of naphthocyanines and porphyrins may optionally be used.
- arylated or heteroarylated amines or benzidine derivatives which may be substituted or unsubstituted, in particular spiro-linked, can also be used as the matrix material.
- NPD can be used as the matrix material.
- heteroaromatics in particular imidazole, thiophene, thiazole derivatives, heterotriphenylenes, but also others, may also be used as the matrix material, optionally also dimeric, oligomeric or polymeric heteroaromatics.
- the heteroaromatics are preferably substituted, in particular aryl-substituted, for example phenyl or naphthyl-substituted. They can also be present as spiro compounds.
- matrix materials mentioned can also be used with one another or mixed with other materials in the context of the invention. It is understood that suitable other organic matrix materials can be used which have semiconducting, in particular hole-conducting properties. doping concentration
- the dopant is present in a doping concentration of ⁇ 1: 1 to the matrix molecule or the monomeric unit of a polymeric matrix molecule, such as in a doping concentration of 1: 2 or smaller, more preferably 1: 5 or less or 1: 10 or smaller ,
- the doping concentration may be in the range of 20: 1 to 1: 100,000, more preferably in the range of 10: 1 to 1: 1000, preferably in the range of 1: 1 to 1: 100, without being limited thereto.
- the doping of the respective matrix material with the compounds to be used according to the invention can be carried out by one or a combination of the following processes:
- the electron-deficient compounds according to the invention as p-dopants used may cm, for example in the use of spiro-TTB or ZnPc as the matrix semiconducting layers with conductivities at room temperature in the range of 10 "5 S / or be achieved higher, for example from 10 -3 S / cm or higher.
- spiro-TTB or ZnPc as the matrix semiconducting layers with conductivities at room temperature in the range of 10 "5 S / or be achieved higher, for example from 10 -3 S / cm or higher.
- cyanine zinc as the matrix a conductivity scored by higher 10 -8 S / cm, for example 10 -6 S / cm. it has not been possible to dope this matrix with organic acceptors since the oxidation potential of the matrix was too low, the conductivity of undoped phthalocyanine-zinc is not more than 10 -10 S / cm.
- the dopant layer or formation may each contain one or more different such electron-poor transition metal complex compounds.
- the described compounds for producing p-doped organic semiconducting materials which can be arranged in particular in the form of layers or electrical conduction paths, a multiplicity of electronic components or devices containing them can be produced with a p-doped organic semiconductor layer.
- the term "electronic components” also encompasses optoelectronic components.
- the described connections can be used to determine the electronic properties of an electronically functionally effective region of the component, such as its electrical conductivity, light-emitting properties or the like, are advantageously changed.
- the conductivity of the doped layers can be improved and / or the improvement of the charge carrier injection of contacts into the doped layer can be achieved.
- the invention comprises in particular organic light-emitting diodes (OLED), organic solar cells, field-effect transistors, organic diodes, in particular those with a high rectification ratio such as 10 3 -10 7 , preferably 10 4 -10 7 or 10 5 -10 7 , and organic field-effect transistors, which are produced by means of the electron-poor transition metal complex compounds.
- OLED organic light-emitting diodes
- organic solar cells organic solar cells
- field-effect transistors organic diodes, in particular those with a high rectification ratio such as 10 3 -10 7 , preferably 10 4 -10 7 or 10 5 -10 7
- organic field-effect transistors which are produced by means of the electron-poor transition metal complex compounds.
- a p-doped layer based on an organic matrix material may be present, for example, in the following layer structures, wherein preferably the base materials or matrix materials of the individual layers are each organic:
- p-i-M p-doped semiconductor insulator metal
- p-i-n p-doped semiconductor-insulator-n-doped semiconductor
- n-i-p n-doped semiconductor-insulator-p-doped semiconductor.
- i is an undoped layer
- p is a p-doped layer.
- the contact materials are here hole injecting, wherein on the p-side, for example, a layer or a contact of ITO or Au may be provided, or electron-injecting, n-side, a layer or a contact of ITO, Al or Ag can be provided.
- the i-layer may also be omitted, whereby layer sequences with pn or np junctions can be obtained.
- the use of the compounds described is not limited to the abovementioned exemplary embodiments; in particular, the layer structures can be supplemented or modified by introducing additional suitable layers.
- OLEDs with such layer sequences, in particular with pin or with an inverse structure with them, can be constructed with the compounds described.
- organic diodes of the metal-insulator-p-doped semiconductor type (mip) or optionally of the pin type, for example on the basis of phthalocyanine zinc. These diodes show a rectification ratio of 10 5 and higher.
- dopants according to the invention it is possible to produce electronic components with pn junctions, in which case the same semiconductor material can be used in particular for the p- and n-doped sides (homo-pn junction), and where doped semiconductor material, a described electron-poor transition metal complex compound is used.
- the electron-poor transition metal complex compounds can be used according to the invention in the electronic components but also in layers, conductance paths, point contacts or the like, if these predominate over another component, for example as an injection layer in pure or substantially pure form.
- An extremely electron-poor transition metal complex compound of high purity is provided.
- the presented electron-poor transition metal complex compound is evaporated simultaneously with the matrix material.
- the matrix material eg spiro-TTB or ⁇ -NPD.
- the p-type dopant and the matrix material can be evaporated in such a way that the layer deposited on a substrate in a vacuum evaporation system has a doping ratio of p-dopant to matrix material of 1:10.
- Each doped with the p-dopant layer of the organic semiconductor material is applied to an ITO layer (indium tin oxide), which is arranged on a glass substrate.
- ITO layer indium tin oxide
- a metal cathode is deposited, for example, by vapor deposition of a suitable metal to produce an organic light emitting diode.
- the organic light-emitting diode can also have a so-called inverted layer structure, wherein the layer sequence is: glass substrate - metal cathode -p-doped organic layer - transparent conductive cover layer (for example ITO). It is understood that depending on the application, further layers can be provided between the individual layers mentioned.
- the neutral nickel complex bis (cw-l, 2-bis [trifluoromethyl] ethylene-l, 2-dithiolato) nickel was used for the doping of spiro-TTB as a matrix material.
- Doped layers with a doping ratio dopant: matrix material of 1:10 were prepared by mixed evaporation of matrix and dopant with spiro-TTB.
- the conductivity was 2xlO ⁇ 4 S / cm.
- the neutral nickel complex bis (cw-l, 2-bis [trifluoromethyl] ethylene-l, 2-dithiolato) nickel was used for doping ⁇ -NPD as a matrix material.
- Doped layers with a doping ratio of dopant: matrix material of 1:10 were prepared by mixed evaporation of matrix and dopant with ⁇ -NPD. 2xlO '7, the conductivity was S / cm. - -
- the neutral cobalt complex bis (c / 5-l, 2-bis [trifluoromethyl] ethylene-l, 2-dithiolato) cobalt was used for doping ZnPc as a matrix material.
- Doped layers with a doping ratio of dopant: matrix material of 1:10 were prepared by mixed evaporation of matrix and dopant with ZnPc.
- the conductivity was 2XW 4 SlCm.
- the neutral iron complex bis (c / 5-l, 2-bis [trifluoromethyl] ethylene-l, 2-dithiolato) iron was used for doping ZnPc as a matrix material.
- Doped layers with a doping ratio of dopant: matrix material of 1:10 were prepared by mixed evaporation of matrix and dopant with ZnPc.
- the conductivity was 3 ⁇ 10 -3 S / cm.
- the neutral nickel complex Bis (c / sl, 2-bis [2,2'-pyridyl] ethylene-l, 2-dithiolato) nickel was used for doping ZnPc as a matrix material.
- Doped layers with a doping ratio of dopant: matrix material of 1:10 were prepared by mixed evaporation of matrix and dopant with ZnPc.
- the conductivity was 4x10 "5 S / cm.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/301,828 US9722190B2 (en) | 2006-05-24 | 2007-05-24 | Use of square planar transition metal complexes as dopant |
JP2009511417A JP5788140B2 (ja) | 2006-05-24 | 2007-05-24 | 平面正方形遷移金属錯体の使用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06010719.0 | 2006-05-24 | ||
EP06010719A EP1860709B1 (de) | 2006-05-24 | 2006-05-24 | Verwendung von quadratisch planaren Übergangsmetallkomplexen als Dotand |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007134873A1 true WO2007134873A1 (de) | 2007-11-29 |
Family
ID=37136670
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/004638 WO2007134873A1 (de) | 2006-05-24 | 2007-05-24 | Verwendung von quadratisch planaren übergangsmetallkomplexen als dotand |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9722190B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1860709B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5788140B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20090024722A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007134873A1 (de) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110124141A1 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2011-05-26 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Method for Producing a Doped Organic Semiconducting Layer |
US8119037B2 (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2012-02-21 | Novaled Ag | Square planar transition metal complexes and organic semiconductive materials using them as well as electronic or optoelectric components |
WO2015082046A2 (de) | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-11 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Substituierte oxepine |
EP3345984A1 (de) | 2013-12-06 | 2018-07-11 | Merck Patent GmbH | Verbindungen und organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2018189134A1 (de) | 2017-04-13 | 2018-10-18 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Zusammensetzung für organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2019002198A1 (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2019-01-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES |
WO2019007867A1 (de) | 2017-07-05 | 2019-01-10 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Zusammensetzung für organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2019007866A1 (de) | 2017-07-05 | 2019-01-10 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Zusammensetzung für organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2019096717A2 (de) | 2017-11-14 | 2019-05-23 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Zusammensetzung für organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2019229011A1 (de) | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Zusammensetzung für organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2020178230A1 (en) | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-10 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Ligands for nano-sized materials |
DE102008051737B4 (de) | 2007-10-24 | 2022-10-06 | Novaled Gmbh | Quadratisch planare Übergangsmetallkomplexe, organische halbleitende Materialien sowie elektronische oder optoelektronische Bauelemente, die diese umfassen und Verwendung derselben |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007028237A1 (de) * | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-24 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Verwendung eines Metallkomplexes als p-Dotand für ein organisches halbleitendes Matrixmaterial, organisches Halbleitermaterial und elektronisches Bauteil |
DE102007028238A1 (de) | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-24 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Verwendung eines Metallkomplexes als p-Dotand für ein organisches halbleitendes Matrixmaterial, organisches Halbleitermaterial und organische Leuchtdiode |
DE102007028236A1 (de) * | 2007-06-20 | 2009-01-02 | Siemens Ag | Halbleitendes Material und organische Gleichrichterdiode |
GB2467316B (en) | 2009-01-28 | 2014-04-09 | Pragmatic Printing Ltd | Electronic devices, circuits and their manufacture |
GB2473200B (en) | 2009-09-02 | 2014-03-05 | Pragmatic Printing Ltd | Structures comprising planar electronic devices |
EP3002797B1 (de) * | 2014-09-30 | 2020-04-29 | Novaled GmbH | Lichtemittierende organische Vorrichtung und aktive OLED-Anzeige |
WO2018150006A1 (en) | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-23 | Novaled Gmbh | Electronic semiconducting device, method for preparing the electronic semiconducting device and compound |
EP3462516A1 (de) * | 2017-10-02 | 2019-04-03 | Novaled GmbH | Elektronische vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung davon |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03208689A (ja) * | 1990-01-12 | 1991-09-11 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 光情報記録媒体及びその製造方法 |
US20040241492A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-12-02 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device and a method of manufacturing thereof |
WO2005086251A2 (de) * | 2004-03-03 | 2005-09-15 | Novaled Gmbh | Verwendung von metallkomplexen als n-dotanden für organische halbleiter und die darstellung derselbigen inkl. ihrer liganden |
WO2005123754A2 (en) * | 2004-06-14 | 2005-12-29 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Transition-metal charge-transport materials, methods of fabrication thereof, and methods of use thereof |
Family Cites Families (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2232260B2 (de) | 1972-06-30 | 1974-05-30 | Gesellschaft Fuer Kernforschung Mbh, 7500 Karlsruhe | Verwendung von heterocyclisch omega, omega'-disubstituiertenp-Oligophenylenen als Strahlenumwandler |
US4606326A (en) * | 1984-07-12 | 1986-08-19 | The Standard Oil Company | Ionically polymer-bound transition metal complex for photochemical conversion of light energy |
DE4112793A1 (de) | 1991-04-19 | 1992-10-22 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von hydrolysestabilen, estergruppen gebunden enthaltenden polyurethanen und phenylen-bis-oxazoline enthaltende polyurethan elastomere |
US5792568A (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1998-08-11 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Organic electroluminescent element |
US6160267A (en) | 1999-01-05 | 2000-12-12 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Vapochromic led |
JP2000252077A (ja) | 1999-02-26 | 2000-09-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
US7001536B2 (en) | 1999-03-23 | 2006-02-21 | The Trustees Of Princeton University | Organometallic complexes as phosphorescent emitters in organic LEDs |
JP4717198B2 (ja) | 1999-11-29 | 2011-07-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
US6645579B1 (en) * | 1999-11-29 | 2003-11-11 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal device |
US6984591B1 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2006-01-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | Precursor source mixtures |
DE10058578C2 (de) * | 2000-11-20 | 2002-11-28 | Univ Dresden Tech | Lichtemittierendes Bauelement mit organischen Schichten |
US7026480B2 (en) | 2001-03-08 | 2006-04-11 | The University Of Hong Kong | Organometallic light-emitting material |
EP1426399A4 (de) | 2001-09-04 | 2005-07-13 | Canon Kk | Hochmolekulare verbindungen und organische lumineszierende vorrichtungen |
US6653654B1 (en) | 2002-05-01 | 2003-11-25 | The University Of Hong Kong | Electroluminescent materials |
JP2003332074A (ja) | 2002-05-09 | 2003-11-21 | Canon Inc | 金属配位化合物を用いた発光素子 |
US20030230980A1 (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2003-12-18 | Forrest Stephen R | Very low voltage, high efficiency phosphorescent oled in a p-i-n structure |
WO2004017043A2 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2004-02-26 | The University Of Southern California | Organic light emitting materials with anionic ligand |
WO2004016711A1 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2004-02-26 | The University Of Southern California | Organic light emitting materials and devices |
JP3963811B2 (ja) | 2002-09-30 | 2007-08-22 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子 |
DE10251986A1 (de) | 2002-11-08 | 2004-05-19 | Covion Organic Semiconductors Gmbh | Palladium- und Platin-Komplexe |
DE10338406A1 (de) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-03-24 | Novaled Gmbh | Dotierte organische Halbleitermaterialien sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
DE10338550A1 (de) | 2003-08-19 | 2005-03-31 | Basf Ag | Übergangsmetallkomplexe mit Carbenliganden als Emitter für organische Licht-emittierende Dioden (OLEDs) |
US7655961B2 (en) * | 2003-10-02 | 2010-02-02 | Maxdem Incorporated | Organic diodes and materials |
DE10350606A1 (de) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-06-09 | Covion Organic Semiconductors Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung heteroleptischer, ortho-metallierter Organometall-Verbindungen |
DE10357044A1 (de) * | 2003-12-04 | 2005-07-14 | Novaled Gmbh | Verfahren zur Dotierung von organischen Halbleitern mit Chinondiiminderivaten |
DE10358665A1 (de) | 2003-12-12 | 2005-07-07 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Platin(II)-Komplexen als lumineszierende Materialien in organischen Licht-emittierenden Dioden (OLEDs) |
DE102004018145A1 (de) | 2004-04-08 | 2005-10-27 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Metallocenkomplexen von Metallen der 4. Nebengruppe des Periodensystems als Triplettemitter in organischen Leuchtdioden (OLEDs) |
US7279704B2 (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2007-10-09 | The University Of Southern California | Complexes with tridentate ligands |
EP1703572A1 (de) | 2005-01-25 | 2006-09-20 | SONY DEUTSCHLAND GmbH | Molekulare Gleichrichter |
EP1803789A1 (de) | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-04 | Novaled AG | Verwendung von Metallkomplexen als Emitter in einem elektronischen Bauelement und elektronisches Bauelement |
-
2006
- 2006-05-24 EP EP06010719A patent/EP1860709B1/de active Active
-
2007
- 2007-05-24 US US12/301,828 patent/US9722190B2/en active Active
- 2007-05-24 WO PCT/EP2007/004638 patent/WO2007134873A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-05-24 JP JP2009511417A patent/JP5788140B2/ja active Active
- 2007-05-24 KR KR1020087031236A patent/KR20090024722A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03208689A (ja) * | 1990-01-12 | 1991-09-11 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 光情報記録媒体及びその製造方法 |
US20040241492A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-12-02 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device and a method of manufacturing thereof |
WO2005086251A2 (de) * | 2004-03-03 | 2005-09-15 | Novaled Gmbh | Verwendung von metallkomplexen als n-dotanden für organische halbleiter und die darstellung derselbigen inkl. ihrer liganden |
WO2005123754A2 (en) * | 2004-06-14 | 2005-12-29 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Transition-metal charge-transport materials, methods of fabrication thereof, and methods of use thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PEREIRA R P ET AL: "Electrosynthesis and characterisation of polypyrrole doped with [Bi(dmit)2]<->", SYNTHETIC METALS, ELSEVIER SEQUOIA, LAUSANNE, CH, vol. 150, no. 1, 20 April 2005 (2005-04-20), pages 21 - 26, XP004891750, ISSN: 0379-6779 * |
TAGUCHI ET AL: "Comparison of p-type and n-type organic field-effect transistors using nickel coordination compounds", CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS, NORTH-HOLLAND, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 421, no. 4-6, 15 April 2006 (2006-04-15), pages 395 - 398, XP005410175, ISSN: 0009-2614 * |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008051737B4 (de) | 2007-10-24 | 2022-10-06 | Novaled Gmbh | Quadratisch planare Übergangsmetallkomplexe, organische halbleitende Materialien sowie elektronische oder optoelektronische Bauelemente, die diese umfassen und Verwendung derselben |
US8841153B2 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2014-09-23 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Method for producing a doped organic semiconducting layer |
US20110124141A1 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2011-05-26 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Method for Producing a Doped Organic Semiconducting Layer |
US8119037B2 (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2012-02-21 | Novaled Ag | Square planar transition metal complexes and organic semiconductive materials using them as well as electronic or optoelectric components |
EP3693437A1 (de) | 2013-12-06 | 2020-08-12 | Merck Patent GmbH | Verbindungen und organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2015082046A2 (de) | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-11 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Substituierte oxepine |
EP3345984A1 (de) | 2013-12-06 | 2018-07-11 | Merck Patent GmbH | Verbindungen und organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2018189134A1 (de) | 2017-04-13 | 2018-10-18 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Zusammensetzung für organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2019002198A1 (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2019-01-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES |
WO2019007866A1 (de) | 2017-07-05 | 2019-01-10 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Zusammensetzung für organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2019007867A1 (de) | 2017-07-05 | 2019-01-10 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Zusammensetzung für organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2019096717A2 (de) | 2017-11-14 | 2019-05-23 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Zusammensetzung für organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2019229011A1 (de) | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Zusammensetzung für organische elektronische vorrichtungen |
WO2020178230A1 (en) | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-10 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Ligands for nano-sized materials |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20090024722A (ko) | 2009-03-09 |
JP5788140B2 (ja) | 2015-09-30 |
EP1860709A1 (de) | 2007-11-28 |
US9722190B2 (en) | 2017-08-01 |
EP1860709B1 (de) | 2012-08-08 |
JP2009537676A (ja) | 2009-10-29 |
US20100044683A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1860709B1 (de) | Verwendung von quadratisch planaren Übergangsmetallkomplexen als Dotand | |
DE102008051737B4 (de) | Quadratisch planare Übergangsmetallkomplexe, organische halbleitende Materialien sowie elektronische oder optoelektronische Bauelemente, die diese umfassen und Verwendung derselben | |
DE102007018456B4 (de) | Verwendung von Hauptgruppenelementhalogeniden und/oder -pseudohalogeniden, organisches halbleitendes Matrixmaterial, elektronische und optoelektronische Bauelemente | |
DE102006054524B4 (de) | Verwendung von Dithiolenübergangsmetallkomplexen und Selen- analoger Verbindungen als Dotand | |
DE102006054523B4 (de) | Dithiolenübergangsmetallkomplexe und Selen-analoge Verbindungen, deren Verwendung als Dotand, organisches halbleitendes Material enthaltend die Komplexe, sowie elektronische oder optoelektronisches Bauelement enthaltend einen Komplex | |
EP2002492B1 (de) | Verwendung von heterocyclischen radikalen zur dotierung von organischen halbeitern | |
DE102007031220B4 (de) | Chinoide Verbindungen und deren Verwendung in halbleitenden Matrixmaterialien, elektronischen und optoelektronischen Bauelementen | |
EP1990847B1 (de) | Verwendung von chinoiden Bisimidazolen und deren Derivaten als Dotand zur Dotierung eines organischen halbleitenden Matrixmaterials | |
EP2229699B1 (de) | Dithiolenübergangsmetallkomplexe und elektronische oder optoelektronische bauelemente | |
WO2008058525A2 (de) | Verwendung einer koordinationsverbindung zur dotierung von organischen halbleitern | |
WO2007054345A1 (de) | Dotiertes organisches halbleitermaterial | |
EP3157072A1 (de) | Verwendung eines metallkomplexes als p-dotand für ein organisches halbleitendes matrixmaterial, organisches halbleitermaterial und organische leuchtdiode | |
EP3230295B1 (de) | Aminophosphazen-basen als n-dotierstoffe in der organischen elektronik | |
WO2008154915A1 (de) | Verwendung eines metallkomplexes als p-dotand für ein organisches halbleitendes matrixmaterial, organisches halbleitermaterial und elektronisches bauteil | |
WO2010057471A1 (de) | Chinoxalinverbindungen und halbleitermaterialien | |
EP2659529B1 (de) | Optoelektronisches bauelement mit dotierten schichten | |
WO2017194213A1 (de) | Organische elektronenleitende schicht mit n-dotierstoff | |
WO2016116205A1 (de) | Proazaphosphatrane als n-dotierstoffe in der organischen elektronik | |
DE102008058230B4 (de) | Chinoxalinverbindung, organische Leuchtdiode, organischer Dünnfilmtransistor und Solarzelle | |
DE102021116886A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung mindestens einer dotierten Ladungstransportschicht eines Schichtsystems eines organischen elektronischen Bauelements | |
WO2024002424A1 (de) | Organisches elektronisches bauelement mit einer chemischen verbindung der allgemeinen formel i, sowie verwendung einer solchen chemischen verbindung als n-dotand in einem organischen elektronischen bauelement |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 07725535 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009511417 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020087031236 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12301828 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 07725535 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |