WO2007093109A1 - Tissu à liaison de couches, creux, tridimensionnel - Google Patents

Tissu à liaison de couches, creux, tridimensionnel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007093109A1
WO2007093109A1 PCT/CN2007/000067 CN2007000067W WO2007093109A1 WO 2007093109 A1 WO2007093109 A1 WO 2007093109A1 CN 2007000067 W CN2007000067 W CN 2007000067W WO 2007093109 A1 WO2007093109 A1 WO 2007093109A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fabric
layer
weft
velvet
warp
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/000067
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ning Kuang
Liquan Zhang
Jianzhong Zhang
Fangtian Hu
Hongwei Guo
Original Assignee
Sinoma Science & Technology Co. Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sinoma Science & Technology Co. Ltd. filed Critical Sinoma Science & Technology Co. Ltd.
Priority to US12/279,489 priority Critical patent/US8114792B2/en
Priority to JP2008554578A priority patent/JP5101526B2/ja
Priority to DE112007000355.3T priority patent/DE112007000355B4/de
Publication of WO2007093109A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007093109A1/zh

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D27/00—Woven pile fabrics
    • D03D27/02—Woven pile fabrics wherein the pile is formed by warp or weft
    • D03D27/10—Fabrics woven face-to-face, e.g. double velvet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • D03D11/02—Fabrics formed with pockets, tubes, loops, folds, tucks or flaps
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/021—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/3187—Triaxially woven fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/3195—Three-dimensional weave [e.g., x-y-z planes, multi-planar warps and/or wefts, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/3195—Three-dimensional weave [e.g., x-y-z planes, multi-planar warps and/or wefts, etc.]
    • Y10T442/3203—Multi-planar warp layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/3195—Three-dimensional weave [e.g., x-y-z planes, multi-planar warps and/or wefts, etc.]
    • Y10T442/3211—Multi-planar weft layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a three-dimensional woven hollow layer continuous fabric, belonging to the technical field of special woven fabric structures. Background technique
  • a lining fabric made of cotton and wool as a raw material in civil textiles also called a raised fabric.
  • the typical varieties are velveteen fabric, plush fabric, etc.
  • Their common feature is the use of a two-layer layered structure.
  • the velvet is uniformly sandwiched between the upper and lower layers of tissue through a certain tissue design, just the velvet The length is different from the density.
  • the velveteen structure (see Fig. 1) is woven with the warp yarns 1, 2 and the weft yarns 3 to form the upper layer structure; the warp yarns 4, 5 are interwoven with the weft yarns 6 to form the lower layer structure; the piles 7 and 8 are respectively interlaced with the different weft yarns of the upper and lower layers.
  • the piles of this type of fabric are then interlaced with different weft yarns on different layers, and joined to the upper and lower layers of tissue in a "forward" manner (i.e., in the same direction as the weft insertion direction of the fabric).
  • This interweaving method has a problem that the interlacing fastness is not high, the upper and lower vibration of the weaving mouth are large, and the pile height is limited during the weaving process.
  • the length of the velveteen fabric velvet is about 2mm
  • the length of the plush fabric velvet is about 10-18mm
  • a special weaving method is needed.
  • the products of this type of fabric are mostly used in the garment industry, mainly to achieve a certain clothing effect.
  • the upper layer of the construction project is also widely used, such as the use of larger geotextile fabrics and layered fabrics for reservoir dams.
  • the domestic patent (00135845.6) introduces a hollow layer continuous composite material, which connects the upper and lower layers of the fabric through a velvet "shun", the height of the pile is 20-600mm, and the space height of the fabric is large. It can be used to manufacture sound-insulating materials and filling materials, but there are defects in the single connection of the piles and the lack of variation in the spatial structure.
  • the composite material of the fabric has a low strength, which affects its use as a structural material.
  • Several types of lining fabrics are described in the European patents (DE19609492), (93119483.1) and U.S. Patent (5,175,034), but all of the fabrics mentioned in these patents have a "shun" and a variety of layers.
  • the invention is to solve the problem that the existing various types of lining fabrics are all made by the structure of the "shun" of the velvet.
  • the velvet is easy to slip, the consolidation fastness of the velvet is affected, the woven skeleton of the woven fabric is not significant, and the vertical support of the velvet between the two panels is not significant.
  • the present invention adopts a structure in which the velvet "reverse" is interlaced with the same weft yarn on the same layer, as follows:
  • the present invention comprises an upper layer 10 formed by interlacing upper warp yarns 1, 2 and weft yarns 3, a lower layer 11 formed by interlacing warp yarns 4, 5 and weft yarns 6 of lower layers, with weft yarns 3 and 6 on the upper and lower layers of the fabric.
  • an upper layer 10 formed by interlacing upper warp yarns 1, 2 and weft yarns 3, a lower layer 11 formed by interlacing warp yarns 4, 5 and weft yarns 6 of lower layers, with weft yarns 3 and 6 on the upper and lower layers of the fabric.
  • the piles 7, 8 In addition to interlacing the ground warp yarns 1, 2 and 4, 5 of the layer, it is also interwoven with the piles 7, 8 and characterized in that the piles 7 and 8 are woven from one layer of the fabric to the other layer, between the two layers.
  • the direction of the space is opposite to the direction of weft insertion of the fabric.
  • the aforementioned velvets 7 and 8 are interlaced at the same time with the same weft yarn 3 or 6 at the same time, and the length between the upper and lower layers of the velvet 7 and 8 is 0-50 mm.
  • the present invention can be woven using a single high performance continuous fiber or a plurality of high performance continuous fibers.
  • the greatest difference between the present invention and other types of laminated fabrics is that the interlacing of the piles and the weft yarns of the type of fabrics is "reverse" interlacing, and the piles are interlaced with the same weft yarns on the same layer to form a unique pile space structure.
  • "reverse" interlacing can prevent the slip of the velvet in the fabric, the skeleton characteristics of the composite lining fabric are significant, and the vertical support of the velvet between the two panels is good.
  • the invention also has the advantages of various spatial structure, high designability, and suitable scale weaving.
  • This type of fabric composite reinforced profile has the characteristics of anti-corrosion, anti-penetration, light weight, excellent physical and mechanical properties, and is widely used in aviation, aerospace, marine, petrochemical, underground storage tanks, building materials, sports equipment, automobile manufacturing. And other fields.
  • DRAWINGS
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the space structure of a conventional velveteen fabric.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing a typical staggered structure of the fabric of the present invention.
  • Figures 3-5 are schematic views of the different textures of the fabric of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the different weft spans of the fabric piles of the present invention. detailed description
  • the present invention is formed by interlacing the upper warp yarns 1, 2 and the weft yarns 3 (the ground structure is represented by a plain weave) to form the upper layer 10 of the fabric; the lower warp yarns 4, 5 and the weft yarns 7 are interwoven to form the fabric. Level 11; The velvet 7 and 8 are connected to the upper and lower layers of the fabric, and the piles 7 and 8 are simultaneously interlaced with the same weft yarn 3 or 6 at any level to form a symmetrical spatial form.
  • the pile 7 is interlaced with the weft 3, as indicated by the arrow, extending to the lower left and then
  • the weft yarns 6 are interlaced on the lower layer 11, and the direction in which the fabric is formed is alternately wefted from left to right as indicated by the arrow 9, forming a two-layer structure, so that the pile 7 is in a manner opposite to the normal weft insertion direction and the weft yarn.
  • the pile 8 Interlaced; during the transition from the lower layer 11 to the upper layer 10, the pile 8 is interlaced with the weft yarn 6, as shown by the arrow, extending to the upper left and interlacing the weft 3 to the upper layer 10, and The direction in which the fabric is formed is alternately weft-inserted from left to right as indicated by the arrow 9, forming a two-layer structure, so that the piles 8 are also interlaced with the weft yarns in a manner opposite to the normal weft insertion direction.
  • the transition mode of the above-mentioned velvet of the present invention is different from the "forward" interlacing of other pile fabrics.
  • the velveteen fabric is warped before the velvet. 2 interlaced with the weft yarn 3 to form an upper layer structure; the warp yarns 4, 5 are interlaced with the weft yarns 6 to form a lower layer structure; the piles 7, 8 are respectively interlaced with different weft yarns of the upper and lower layers to form a two-layer layered structure.
  • the velvet warp 7 and 8 have the same spatial orientation on both sides of the fabric as the weft insertion direction of the fabric.
  • the velvet 7 in the process of transitioning from the upper layer to the lower layer, the velvet 7 is extended to the lower right as shown by the arrow and interlaced with the weft 6 at the lower layer, keeping the direction of the fabric forming. Consistent (as indicated by arrow 9, alternating weft insertion from left to right to form a two-layer structure).
  • the interwoven fabrics of this type of interlacing have a small contribution to the height between the fabrics per unit length, and the composite fabric has a low compressive strength.
  • the advantage of adopting the "reverse" interweaving structure of the invention is that: the velvet warp is better retained by the special space, so that the tension of the velvet warp is better preserved during the weaving process, and the velvet warp is closely connected with the upper and lower layers, which is not easy to produce.
  • Slip the effective support of the pile between the two layers of fabric makes the fabric stiffer than the "forward" interwoven fabric. After the upper and lower layers of the fabric are pressed and stretched, the fabric is easily reset due to the stress of the pile, making the fabric The mechanical properties are not easy to attenuate. This aspect facilitates the storage and transportation of the fabric.
  • the structure can ensure the close connection between the pile and the weft, so that the maximum pile height of the layered fabric using the structure can reach 50mm, and the disadvantage of "shun" interlaced height of not more than 20mm can be improved.
  • the thickness of the material space is required; during the compounding process, the tension of the pile is released instantaneously, so that the fabric and the resin can be quickly and effectively knotted. After the velvet is formed, it becomes the supporting skeleton of the composite material.
  • the strength of the composite skeleton is also higher, which greatly enhances the physical and mechanical properties of the composite.
  • the mechanical properties of the material are increased by 15-35% compared to the "forward" interlaced composite material (same specification) under the same test conditions and methods; the other layers of the fabric velvet are interwoven with the weft yarns of different layers, respectively.
  • the velvet is interlaced with the same weft yarn on the same level, so that the interlaced position of the velvet is concentrated, and the weft yarns on the two layers are closely connected.
  • the space shape of the velvet is symmetrical, and the skeleton of the composite fabric is clear.
  • the upper and lower layers of the present invention may be a variety of tissues such as plain weave, plain weave, and twill.
  • the upper and lower layers are organized by a varying plain weave, and the ground is interlaced with the weft yarns 3 to form the upper layer of the fabric, and the ground is interwoven with the weft yarns 6 to form the lower layer of the fabric.
  • 7, 8 uses a "reverse" interweaving structure to connect the upper and lower layers, and arrow 9 is the forming direction of the fabric.
  • Figure 4 shows a ground structure using 2/1 twill, from which it can be seen that the layers 1 and 2 are interwoven with the weft 3 to form a layer of the fabric.
  • Fig. 5 shows a ground structure using a 3/1 twill, from which it can be seen that the layers 1 and 2 are interwoven with the weft 3 to form a layer of the fabric.
  • the upper and lower layers of the fabric are designed to meet the needs of different fabric applications.
  • the plain, twill, and twill weaves can be used to protect the velvet.
  • the plain weave with a high number of interlacing is used to make the warp and weft yarns intertwined and dense; the weft yarns of different upper and lower layers are different in the clamping force of the pile, and generally change the plain and twill to the pile.
  • the clamping force is greater than the clamping of the plain weave.
  • the number of weft units in which the piles of the present invention are interwoven on one surface can be designed as needed.
  • the weft yarn span of one layer is 1 latitude, 3 latitude, 5 latitude, and 7 latitude.
  • the design of the span of the pile on one level can control the pile
  • the space between the skeletons after the fabric is combined has a certain range of variation, which can meet the needs of different fillers and different filling weights on the inner space of the fabric.
  • the invention can be woven by a single high-performance fiber such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, NOMEX fiber, PBO fiber, PTFE fiber, etc., or can be mixed and woven with the above fiber, so that the fabric has a plurality of fibers.
  • a single high-performance fiber such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, NOMEX fiber, PBO fiber, PTFE fiber, etc.
  • glass fiber for warp yarn and carbon fiber for weft yarn to enhance the interlaminar strength and rigidity of the fabric.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

00067 三维机织中空层连织物 技术领域
本发明涉及一种三维机织中空层连织物， 属于特种机织物结构技术领域。 背景技术
在民用纺织品中有用棉、 毛为原料的层连织物， 也称之为经起毛织物。 比较典型 的品种有平绒织物、 长毛绒织物等， 它们共同的特征是采用双层层连组织， 绒经通过 一定的组织设计， 被均匀的夹在上、 下两层组织之间， 只是绒经的长度与密度不同。 如平绒组织 （参见附图 1 )采用经纱 1、 2与纬纱 3交织， 形成上层组织； 经纱 4、 5与 纬纱 6交织， 形成下层组织； 绒经 7、 8分别与上、 下层的不同纬纱交织， 形成双层层 连结构， 再通过割绒工序， 就形成平绒织物。 该类型织物的绒经由于是分别与不同层 面上的不同纬纱交织， 以一种 "顺向"（即与织物的引纬方向相同）交织的方式与上、 下两层组织相连。 这种交织方式存在交织牢度不高， 织造过程中织口上、 下振动较大， 起绒高度有限的问题。 平绒织物绒经的长度大约在 2mm左右,长毛绒织物绒经的长度大 约在 10-18mm,而且需采用特殊的织造方法，该类型织物的产品多用于服装行业,主要是 为了达到一定的服饰效果。 建筑工程上层连织物用途也很广， 如使用量较大的土工模 织物， 水库堤坝用的层连织物。
另外，国内专利 (00135845.6)介绍了一种中空层连复合材料,通过一根绒经 "顺向" 连接织物的上、 下两层，起绒高度在 20-600mm，织物的空间高度较大，可以用来制造隔音 材料、 填充材料，但存在绒经连接方式单一，空间结构缺乏变化的缺陷，该织物的复合材料 的骨架强力偏低,影响了其作为结构材料的使用。 欧洲专利 (DE19609492)、 (93119483.1) 和美国专利 (5，175，034)介绍了几种类型的层连织物，但所有这些专利提及的织物，绒经都 采用 "顺向"与各层面上不同纬纱分别交织的方式,采用该种交织方式的绒经易滑移，绒 经的固结牢度受到影响。 因此,采用 "顺向"交织方式复合的层连织物的骨架特征不显 著,两层面板之间的绒经的垂直支撑作用不显著， 造成复合材料抗压强度的降低， 力学 性能也波动较大。 目前， 国内外开发的各类层连织物都采用绒经 "顺向"交织的结构。 发明内容
本发明要解决的就是现有的各类层连织物均采用绒经 "顺向"交织的结构而造成 的绒经易滑移，绒经的固结牢度受到影响， 织成的层连织物的骨架特征不显著，两层面板 之间的绒经的垂直支撑作用不显著等问题。
为解决上述技术问题， 本发明采用绒经 "逆向"与同一层面上同一纬纱交织的结 构， 具体如下： ·
本发明包括由上层地经纱 1、 2和纬纱 3交织形成的上层面 10、 由下层地经纱 4、 5和纬纱 6交织形成的下层面 11， 织物上、 下两层面上的纬纱 3和 6除了与本层的地经 纱 1、 2和 4、 5交织外， 还和绒经 7、 8交织， 其特征在于绒经 7、 8从织物的一个层 面织向另一个层面时， 其在两层面间的空间走向与织物的引纬方向相反。
前述绒经 7、 8在任一层面交织时都是同时与同一根纬纱 3或 6交织， 绒经 7、 8 连接上、 下两层面之间的长度范围在 0-50mm。
本发明可采用单一高性能连续纤维进行织造， 也可采用多种高性能连续纤维进行 混织。
本发明与其它类型层连织物最大的不同之处在于该类型织物的绒经与纬纱交织的 方式采用 "逆向"交织， 绒经都是与同一层面上同一纬纱交织， 形成特有的起绒空间 结构， 釆用 "逆向"交织可以防止绒经在织物内的滑移， 复合的层连织物的骨架特征 显著， 两层面板之间绒经的垂直支撑作用好。 本发明还具有空间结构形态多样、 可设 计性强、 适宜规模化织造的优点。 用该类型织物复合增强的型材具有防腐蚀、 防渗透、 重量轻、 物理机械性能优良等特点， 被广泛应用于航空、 航天、 船舶、 石油化工、 地 下储藏罐、 建筑材料、 体育器材、 汽车制造等领域。 附图说明
图 1为普通平绒织物的空间结构示意图。
图 2为本发明织物的典型交错结构示意图。
图 3-5为本发明织物不同地组织的示意图。
图 6为本发明织物绒经的不同纬纱跨度示意图。 具体实施方式
参见附图 2， 本发明是通过上层地经纱 1、 2和纬纱 3交织 （地组织以平紋组织为 代表)， 形成织物的上层面 10; 下层地经纱 4、 5和纬纱 7交织形成织物的下层面 11 ; 绒经 7、 8连接织物的上、 下两层面， 绒经 7、 8在任一层面都是同时与同一根纬纱 3 或 6交织， 形成对称的空间形态。 绒经 7、 8从织物一个层面织向另一个层面时， 在两 层面是的空间走向与织物的引纬方向相反（箭头 9所示)， 是 "逆向"与同一根纬纱 3 或 6交织。 以图 2中绒经 7、 8为例， 绒经 7在从上层面 10过渡到下层面 11的过程中， 绒经 7在与纬纱 3交织后， 如箭头所示是向左下方延伸再和纬纱 6交织在下层面 11上， 而织物成形的方向如箭头 9所示是由左向右交替引纬， 形成双层结构， 因此绒经 7采 用的是与正常引纬方向相逆的方式与纬纱交织； 绒经 8在从下层面 11过渡到上层面 10 的过程中， 绒经 8在与纬纱 6交织后， 如箭头所示是向左上方延伸再和纬纱 3交织在 上层面 10上， 而织物成形的方向如箭头 9所示是由左向右交替引纬， 形成双层结构， 因此绒经 8也是通过与正常引纬方向相逆的方式与纬纱交织。
上述本发明绒经的这种过渡方式与其它起绒织物的 "顺向"交织是不同的， 以简 单的平绒织物 （参见附图 1 ) 为例， 平绒织物在割绒前， 采用经纱 1、 2与纬纱 3交织， 形成上层组织； 经纱 4、 5与纬纱 6交织， 形成下层组织； 绒经 7、 8分别与上、 下层 的不同纬纱交织， 形成双层层连结构。 绒经 7、 8在织物两层面的空间走向与织物的引 纬方向相同。 以图中绒经 7为例， 绒经 7在从上层面过渡到下层面的过程中， 绒经 7 如箭头所示是向右下方延伸再和纬纱 6交织在下层面， 与织物成形的方向保持一致（如 箭头 9所示， 是由左向右交替引纬， 形成双层结构）。 采用该种交织方式的织物之间绒 经单位长度对织物之间的高度贡献小， 复合织物的抗压强度低。
本发明采用 "逆向"交织结构的好处在于： 绒经因特殊的空间走位， 使绒经的张 力在织造过程中得以较好的保留， 绒经与上、 下层之间连接紧密， 不容易产生滑移， 两层织物之间绒经的有效支撑使织物较 "顺向"交织的织物硬挺， 织物的上、 下层面 在受压拉伸后， 由于绒经的应力作用也容易复位， 使织物的力学性能不易衰减， 这一 方面便于织物的储藏与运输， 另一方面也保证织物在复合的过程中可以一直保持良好 的空间状态（两层面板之间不易滑移）； 由于 "逆向"交织结构能保证绒经与纬纱的紧 密交连， 使采用该结构起绒的层连织物的最大起绒高度可以达到 50mm， 使 "顺向" 交织起绒高度不超过 20mm的弊端得以改善， 可以满足保温、 隔热领域对材料空间厚 度的要求； 织物在复合过程中， 絨经的张力在瞬间释放， 使织物与树脂之间能快速有 效的结合， 绒经成型后成为复合材料的支撑骨架， 由于 "逆向"交织结构织物的绒经 保留了尽可能多的应力， 因此复合后骨架的强度也较高， 大大增强了复合材料的物理 机械性能， 材料的力学性能在同样测试条件及方法下， 比 "顺向"交织复合的材料（同 样规格）提高 15-35%; 其它层连织物绒经是分别与不同层面的纬纱交织， 本发明织物 的绒经则是与同一层面的同一纬纱交织， 使绒经的交织位置集中， 与两层面上的纬纱 连接紧密， 绒经的空间形态对称， 复合后织物的骨架清晰。 本发明的上、 下层地组织可以是平紋、 变化平紋、 斜紋等多种组织。 在附图 3中， 上、 下层地组织采用的是变化平紋组织， 地经 1、 2与纬纱 3交织形成织物的上层面， 地经 4、 5与纬纱 6交织形成织物的下层面， 绒经 7、 8采用 "逆向"交织结构连接上、 下两层面， 箭头 9是织物的成形方向。
附图 4给出了一种采用 2/1斜紋的地组织， 从图中可以看出地经 1、 2与纬纱 3交 织形成织物的一个层面。
附图 5给出了一种采用 3/1斜紋的地组织， 从图中可以看出地经 1、 2与纬纱 3交 织形成织物的一个层面。
对织物的上、 下层地组织进行设计， 是为了满足不同布面应用的需要， 为避免织 物表面受到摩擦出现绒经断裂， 可以采用变化平紋、 斜紋、 变化斜紋组织等， 对绒经 起到保护作用； 为提高织物表面致密性， 则采用交织次数多的平紋， 使经、 纬纱交织 致密； 不同上、 下层地组织的纬纱对绒经的夹持力也不同， 一般变化平紋与斜紋对绒 经的夹持力大于平紋对绒经的夹持。
参见附图 6， 本发明的绒经在一个表面交织的纬纱单元数可以根据需要进行设计。 绒经 Ί在一个层面的纬纱跨度是 1纬、 3纬、 5纬、 7纬。 一般来说， 绒经在一个层面 上纬纱跨度的单元数是（2ii+l， n=0、 1、 2、 3、 4……） 纬， 对绒经在一个层面上跨度 的设计可以控制绒经在织物内的分布密度， 使织物复合后的骨架间的空间大小有一定 的变化范围， 可以满足不同填充物、 不同填充重量对织物内部空间的需要。
本发明可以采用单一高性能纤维如玻璃纤维、 碳纤维、 芳纶纤维、 NOMEX纤维、 PBO 纤维、 PTFE纤维等进行织造， 也可以用以上纤维进行混纺织造， 使织物兼有多种纤维 的理、 化优点。 如： 经纱用玻璃纤维， 纬纱用碳纤维， 以增强织物的层间强度和刚度。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种三维机织中空层连织物， 包括由上层地经纱 （1)、 （2)和纬纱 （3)交织 形成的上层面（10)、 由下层地经纱 (4)、 (5)和纬纱 （6)交织形成的下层面 （11)， 织物上、 下两层面上的纬纱 （3)和 （6) 除了与本层的地经纱 （1)、 (2)和 （4)、 (5) 交织外， 还和绒经 （7)、 (8)交织， 其特征在于绒经 （7)、 (8) 从织物的一个层面织 向另一个层面时， 其在两层面间的空间走向与织物的引纬方向相反。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的三维机织中空层连织物， 其特征在于绒经（7)、 (8)在 任一层面交织时都是同时与同一根纬纱 （3) 或（6)交织。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的三维机织中空层连织物， 其特征在于绒经 （7)、 (8) 连接上、 下两层面之间的长度范围在 0-50mm。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的三维机织中空层连织物， 其特征在于可采用单一高 性能连续纤维进行织造， 也可采用多种高性能连续纤维进行混织。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的三维机织中空层连织物， 其特征在于绒经 7和 8在 一个层面上纬纱跨度的单元数是 2n+l纬， n=0、 1、 2、 3、 4……。
PCT/CN2007/000067 2006-02-15 2007-01-11 Tissu à liaison de couches, creux, tridimensionnel WO2007093109A1 (fr)

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