WO2007079653A1 - OPTICALLY PURE α-SUBSTITUTED 2-METHYL-5-NITROIMIDAZOLE-1-ETHANOL DERIVATIVES - Google Patents

OPTICALLY PURE α-SUBSTITUTED 2-METHYL-5-NITROIMIDAZOLE-1-ETHANOL DERIVATIVES Download PDF

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WO2007079653A1
WO2007079653A1 PCT/CN2006/003579 CN2006003579W WO2007079653A1 WO 2007079653 A1 WO2007079653 A1 WO 2007079653A1 CN 2006003579 W CN2006003579 W CN 2006003579W WO 2007079653 A1 WO2007079653 A1 WO 2007079653A1
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compound
present
methyl
carbon atom
nitroimidazole
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PCT/CN2006/003579
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Junda Cen
Aifeng LÜ
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Jiangsu Hansen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
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Publication of WO2007079653A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007079653A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D233/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D233/66Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D233/91Nitro radicals
    • C07D233/92Nitro radicals attached in position 4 or 5
    • C07D233/94Nitro radicals attached in position 4 or 5 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by oxygen or sulfur atoms, attached to other ring members
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04Antibacterial agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P33/00Antiparasitic agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optically pure ⁇ -substituted 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-ethanol derivative, a process for the preparation thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same, which are useful for the preparation of an anti-anaerobic, anti-trichomoniasis, Use of anti-amebic protozoal drugs. Background technique
  • chemotherapy for anaerobic infections usually begins with empirical therapy, and most anaerobic infections are mixed infections with aerobic bacteria, so chemotherapy targets must also consider coexistence. Aerobic bacteria. The sensitivity of anaerobic bacteria to chemotherapeutic drugs is listed in Table 1 below.
  • Tinidazole (tinidazole) 'antibacterial spectrum, antibacterial effect same as metronidazole, metronidazole longer half-life ( ⁇ 1 12- 14h), the treatment were satisfactory outcome abdominal, pelvic and postoperative anaerobic infections, may ⁇ Single dose treatment.
  • parasitic diseases are one of the most common diseases, especially in developing countries. Among them, amoebiasis, trichomoniasis, Giardia are distributed and the incidence rate is quite serious worldwide.
  • 5-nitroimidazoles such as methyl nitrate, tinidazole, secnidazole, etc.
  • metronidazole is the most popular.
  • nitroimidazole antibacterial agents are all racemic mixtures, and no optically pure isomers have been studied.
  • another object of the present invention is to provide a A process for the preparation of a compound of the formula (I) according to the invention;
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention of the formula (I), and the object of the invention is also to provide a Use of a compound of formula (I).
  • the object of the present invention is attained by the following technical means, and the present invention relates to a compound represented by the formula (I) and a hydrate or solvent compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula (I).
  • R is selected from Cll, / ⁇
  • the carbon atom bearing a * is a chiral carbon atom and exists as a single enantiomer of (R) or (S) or as an enantiomer.
  • the above-mentioned compound represented by the formula (I) is characterized in that the carbon atom having the * is present in the (s) configuration.
  • the compound represented by the above formula (I) is characterized in that the carbon atom having the * is present in the (R) configuration.
  • the compound represented by the above formula (I) is characterized in that the carbon atom having the * is present in the form of (R) or (S) enriched, that is, the content of the (R) or (S) configuration is 95%.
  • the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of the formula (I), characterized in that it comprises: a compound of the formula ( ⁇ ) , obtaining the compound of the invention:
  • the invention further relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the above compound as an active ingredient together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the compounds of the invention can be used to prepare anti-anaerobic, anti-trichomonas, and anti-ameba protozoa drugs.
  • the present invention relates to optically pure, ⁇ -substituted 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-ethanol derivatives of the formula (I) and hydrates or solvates of the compounds of the formula (I) Or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
  • the present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing these compounds which has excellent anti-anaerobic, anti-trichomoniasis, amoeba-resistant properties and is highly safe.
  • R is selected from
  • N- C ll The carbon atom bearing a * is a chiral carbon atom and exists as a single enantiomer of (R) or (S) or as an enantiomer. .
  • compositions containing a compound of the invention can be prepared according to methods known in the art.
  • the active ingredient may be combined with one or more solid or liquid pharmaceutical excipients and/or adjuvants, if desired, in a suitable form or dosage form for use as a human.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered in a unit dosage form, which can be enterally or parenterally, such as orally, muscle, subcutaneous, nasal, oral mucosa, skin, peritoneum or rectum.
  • the administration route of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be administered by injection.
  • Injections include intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intradermal, and acupoint injections.
  • the dosage form can be a liquid dosage form or a solid dosage form.
  • the liquid dosage form may be a true solution type, a colloid type, a microparticle dosage form, an emulsion dosage form, or a suspension dosage form.
  • Other dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, pills, aerosols, pills, powders, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, granules, suppositories, lyophilized powders, and the like.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be formulated into a common preparation, a sustained release preparation, a controlled release preparation, a targeted preparation, and various microparticle delivery systems.
  • a carrier for example, a diluent and an absorbent such as starch, dextrin, calcium sulfate, lactose, mannitol, sucrose, sodium chloride, glucose, urea, calcium carbonate, kaolin, microcrystalline cellulose, silicic acid.
  • a diluent and an absorbent such as starch, dextrin, calcium sulfate, lactose, mannitol, sucrose, sodium chloride, glucose, urea, calcium carbonate, kaolin, microcrystalline cellulose, silicic acid.
  • wetting agent and binder such as water, kansui, polyethylene glycol, ethanol, propanol, starch syrup, dextrin, syrup, bee secret, glucose solution, gum arabic, gelatin pulp, carboxymethyl fiber Sodium, shellac, methylcellulose, potassium phosphate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.
  • disintegrating agents such as starch, alginate, agar powder, brown algae starch, sodium bicarbonate and tannic acid, calcium carbonate , polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, A Cellulose, ethyl cellulose, etc.
  • disintegration inhibitors such as sucrose, glyceryl tristearate, cocoa butter, hydrazine hydride, etc.
  • absorption enhancers such as quaternary hinge salts, sodium decyl sulfate, etc.
  • Agents such as talc, silica, corn starch
  • the carrier are, for example, a diluent and an absorbent such as glucose, lactose, starch, cocoa butter, hydrogenated vegetable oil, polyvinylpyrrolidone, kaolin, talc, etc.; binders such as gum arabic, tragacanth, Gelatin, ethanol, 1 ⁇ 2 honey, liquid sugar, rice paste or paste; disintegrators, such as agar powder, dried starch, alginate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, etc. .
  • a diluent and an absorbent such as glucose, lactose, starch, cocoa butter, hydrogenated vegetable oil, polyvinylpyrrolidone, kaolin, talc, etc.
  • binders such as gum arabic, tragacanth, Gelatin, ethanol, 1 ⁇ 2 honey, liquid sugar, rice paste or paste
  • disintegrators such as agar powder, dried starch, alginate, sodium dode
  • a drug for administration into a suppository various carriers known in the art can be widely used.
  • the carrier are, for example, polyethylene glycol, lecithin, cocoa butter, higher alcohols, esters of higher alcohols, gelatin, semi-synthetic decyl esters and the like.
  • the active ingredient is mixed with the various carriers described above, and the resulting mixture is placed in a hard gelatin capsule or soft capsule.
  • the active ingredient may also be formulated as a microcapsule, suspended in an aqueous medium to form a suspension, or incorporated in a hard capsule or as an injection.
  • the composition of the present invention is formulated into an injectable preparation such as a solution, a suspension solution, a milk preparation, or a lyophilized powder injection, and the preparation may be aqueous or non-aqueous, and may contain one and/or Or a plurality of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, binders, lubricants, preservatives, surfactants or dispersing agents.
  • the diluent may be selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, polyethylene glycol, 1, 3-propanediol, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, and the like.
  • an appropriate amount of sodium chloride, glucose or glycerin may be added to the preparation for injection, and a conventional solubilizing agent, a buffering agent, a guanidine adjusting agent or the like may be added.
  • a conventional solubilizing agent, a buffering agent, a guanidine adjusting agent or the like may be added.
  • coloring agents may also be added to the pharmaceutical preparations as needed.
  • compositions of the present invention can be used to treat systemic or localized infections caused by anaerobic bacteria in mammals, including humans.
  • the dose of the compound or pharmaceutical composition of the present invention depends on a number of factors, such as the nature and severity of the disease to be prevented or treated, the sex, age, weight, personality and individual response of the patient or animal, the route of administration, The number of drugs and the like, and thus the therapeutic dose of the present invention can vary widely.
  • the dosages of the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the anaerobic infection of the present invention can be accomplished by appropriately adjusting the amount of the actual effective drug contained in the pharmaceutical preparation of the present invention or the final preparation in the composition to achieve a therapeutically effective amount thereof.
  • the daily dose administered is from 0.5 mg/kg body weight to 40 mg/kg body weight, preferably from 4 mg/kg body weight to 20 mg/kg body weight.
  • the above dosage may be in the form of a single dose or divided into several, for example, Administration in three or four dosage forms is limited by the dosing regimen of the clinical experience of the administering physician.
  • the compound represented by the formula (I) prepared by the present invention exhibits good anti-anaerobic, anti-trichomoniasis, and amoeba-resistant effects in vitro and in vivo.
  • the compounds of the present invention are more resistant to anaerobic bacteria, trichomoniasis, and amoeba-like properties than the racemic mixture of nitroimidazole antibacterial agents and are highly safe.
  • Example 1 is intended to illustrate the invention in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting.
  • the proton NMR data is: 'H ⁇ R (CD:, C1) _ ⁇ 2.35 ⁇ 2.50 (3H, m) ⁇ 2.55 (3 ⁇ , s) ⁇ 2.58 ⁇ 2.68 (3H, m) ⁇ 3.68 ⁇ 3.72 (4H, m) ⁇ 4.06 ⁇ 4.11 (2 ⁇ , m) ⁇ 4 ⁇ 58 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 62(1 ⁇ , m) 67.93(1H, s)
  • the 100 g of the compound 1 obtained in the examples was dissolved in water for injection, 40 g of dextran and an appropriate amount of water for injection were dissolved, and the two solutions were uniformly mixed, diluted with water for injection to 2000 ml, and filtered with a 0.22 ⁇ m microporous membrane under sterile conditions. They are packed in 10ml vials, placed in trays, sent to freeze-drying boxes, lyophilized, out of the box, rolled, and ready.
  • Example 5 The compound 1 obtained in Example 1 was uniformly mixed, and 8% starch slurry was added to prepare a software, which was granulated with a 14-mesh nylon sieve, dried at 70-80 ° C, and added with magnesium stearate, and sieved through a 10- 12 mesh wire sieve. Whole grain, mix, and compress with 12 countries.
  • Example 5 The compound 1 obtained in Example 1 was uniformly mixed, and 8% starch slurry was added to prepare a software, which was granulated with a 14-mesh nylon sieve, dried at 70-80 ° C, and added with magnesium stearate, and sieved through a 10- 12 mesh wire sieve. Whole grain, mix, and compress with 12 countries.
  • Example 5 Example 5
  • Compound 1 micro-cellulose, lactose, sodium hydroxymethyl starch were separately sieved and mixed evenly. Add the appropriate amount of starch slurry to make soft material. After 20 mesh sieve, the wet granules were dried at 50 ° C. Dry granules. After 2Q mesh sieve, mix with magnesium stearate and micro-silica, and fill the capsule. .
  • Test example 1 The compound 1 and the saccharin essence are separately dissolved in water for injection, mixed, and diluted to 1000 ml to obtain.
  • Test example 1 The compound 1 and the saccharin essence are separately dissolved in water for injection, mixed, and diluted to 1000 ml to obtain.
  • the anti-anaerobic test of the compound 1 and 2 of the present invention by a method known to a person skilled in the art shows that the compound provided by the present invention shown in the following Table 2 has good in vitro antibacterial activity against both anaerobic bacteria, and the effect is related to Nitrazole is equivalent.
  • the anti-anaerobic test of the compounds 1 and 2 of the present invention by a method known to those skilled in the art shows that the compounds provided by the present invention shown in Table 3 below are very effective for oral or intravenous injection of both anaerobic bacteria in mice. Good in vivo antibacterial activity, stronger than ornidazole, or equivalent to ornidazole. Table 3. Results of in vivo protection test on mice infected with two anaerobic bacteria
  • Oral ED 5 massage(mg/kg) intravenous ED 5() (mg/kg) (Example No.) Fragile Bacillus digestive streptococci fragile bacterium Bacterial digestive streptococci compound 1 28 11 20 4 Compound 2 25 10 18 4 Ornidazole 42 20 30 10

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Description

光学纯 α -取代的 2-甲基- 5-硝基咪唑- 1-乙醇衍生物
Figure imgf000002_0001
本发明涉及光学纯 α -取代的 2-甲基- 5-硝基咪唑- 1-乙醇衍生物及其制备方 法, 和含有该衍生物的药物组合物以及其用于制备抗厌氧菌、 抗滴虫、抗阿米巴 原虫药物的用途。 背景技术
根据现有技术的记载, 厌氧菌感染的化疗通常采用经验疗法 (empirical therapy)丌始的, ώ于大多数厌氧菌感染是与需氧菌的混合感染, 故化疗目标必 须同时考虑共存的需氧菌。 现将主耍厌氧菌对化疗药物的敏感性列于下表 1。
表 1厌氧菌对化疗药物的敏感性
Figure imgf000002_0002
[注]敏感率 +++: 90%- 100%; ++: 70% - 89%; +: 50%-69%; -: 〈50% 对大部分厌氧菌都具有较强抗菌活性的药物有甲硝唑、 氯霉素、亚胺培南 / 西司他 β -内酰胺类抗生素 β _内酰胺酶抑制剂合剂。 硝¾咪唑类抗菌药,已市售的化合物有甲硝唑(R为 H),奥硝唑(R为 CII.C1 ) 和迤克硝唑 (R为 CH:,)。 特别是甲硝唑 (metronidazole)作为杀菌剂, 其抗厌 ¾ 菌谱广, 对脆弱拟杆茵、 真杆菌、 产气荚膜梭菌高度敏感, 对消化球菌、 消化链 球菌、产黑索普雷活菌、 卟啉卑胞菌中度敏感, 对无芽胞革兰阳性杆菌敏感性较 差。 口服吸收良好, T l- 2h, 在体内分布广泛, 可进入唾液、 乳汁、 脓液, 亦 可渗入脑脊液中。 TV8h, 大部分 ώ尿中排泄, 少量经粪便排出。 主耍用于上述 厌氧菌引起的系统与局部感染。替硝唑 (tinidazole)'的抗菌谱、抗菌作用与甲硝 唑相同, 半衰期比甲硝唑长 (Τ1 12- 14h), 治疗腹腔、 盆腔及术后厌氧菌感染均 获满意疗效, 可釆用单次剂量治疗。
另外, 寄生虫病是常见病之一, 尤其在发展中国家更为严重。其中, 阿米巴 原虫病、滴虫病、贾第鞭毛虫在世界范围内分布和发病率已相当严重。这类疾病 临床上传统的治疗药物为 5-硝基咪唑类药物, 如甲.硝唑、 替硝唑、 塞克硝唑等, 其中以甲硝唑最为普及。
但是这些硝基咪唑类抗菌药都是外消旋的混合体, 没有对其光学纯的异构 体进行研究。 发明内容 - 为了克服现有技术的不足, 本发明的目的在于提供一种光学纯、 新的具有抗 厌氧菌、抗滴虫、抗阿米巴原虫特性的化合物; 本发明的另一目的在于提供一种 制备本发明通式 (I ) 化合物的方法; 本发明的再一目的在于提供一种含有治疗 有效剂量的发明通式 (I ) 化合物的组合物, 以及, 本发明的目的还在于提供本 发明通式 (I ) 化合物的用途。
本发明的目的是由以下技术方案达到的, 本发明涉及通式( I )所代表的化 合物及通式 ( I ) 化合物的水合物或溶剂化合物或药学上可接受的盐。
Figure imgf000003_0001
(I)
其中 R选自 Cll, / \
OH CH, H N N— CH
\ /
Figure imgf000004_0001
带 *号碳原子为手性碳原子, 以 (R) 或 (S) 单一对映体形式或富含一种 对映体形式存在。
上述迎式 (I) 所代表的化合物, 其特点是带 *号碳原子以 (s) 构型存在。
上述通式 (I) 所代表的化合物, 其特点是带 *号碳原子以 (R) 构型存在。
上述通式(I) 所代表的化合物, 其特点是带 *号碳原子以富含 (R) 或 (S) 形 式存在, 即 (R) 或 (S) 构型含量 95%。
本发明还涉及通式 (I)化合物的制备方法, 其特征在于包括: 将通式(Π) 化合物与
Figure imgf000004_0002
, 得 到本发明所述的化合物:
Figure imgf000004_0003
(II)
本发明还涉及一种药物组合物,其特征在于含有治疗有效剂量的上述化合物 作为活性成分以及药学上可接受的载体。
本发明化合物可以用于制备抗厌氧菌、 抗滴虫、 抗阿米巴原虫的药物。
由此可见, 本发明涉及通式 ( I 表示的光学纯的、 α-取代的 2-甲基- 5- 硝基咪唑- 1-乙醇衍生物及通式 ( I )化合物的水合物或溶剂化物或药学上可接 受的盐。 本发明还涉及具有极好的抗厌氧菌、 抗滴虫、 抗阿米巴原虫特性, 并具 有高度安全性的含有这些化合物的药物组合物。
由此可见, 本发明的的通式 ( I ) 化合物中
Figure imgf000005_0001
R选自
N— C ll
Figure imgf000005_0002
带 *号碳原子为手性碳原子, 以 (R) 或 (S) 单一对映体形式或富含一种 对映体形式存在。 .
典型的是,含有本发明化合物的药物组合物可根据本领域已知的方法制备。 用于此目的吋, 如果需要,可将有效成分与一种或多种固体或液体药物赋形剂和 /或辅剂结合, 制成可作为人药使用的适当施用形式或剂量形式。
本发明的药物组合物可以单位剂量形式给药,给药途径可为肠道或非肠道, 如口服、 肌肉、 皮下、 鼻腔、 口腔粘膜、 皮肤、 腹膜或直肠等。
本发明的药物组合物的给药途径可为注射给药。 注射包括静脉注射、 肌肉 注射、 皮下注射、 皮内注射和穴位注射等。
给药剂型可以是液体剂型、 固体剂型。 如液体剂型可以是真溶液类、 胶体 类、 微粒剂型、 乳剂剂型、 混悬剂型。其他剂型例如片剂、胶囊、 滴丸、气雾剂、 丸剂、 粉剂、 溶液剂、 混悬剂、 乳剂、 颗粒剂、 栓剂、 冻干粉针剂等。
本发明的药物组合物可以制成普通制剂、 也可以是缓释制剂、 控释制剂、 靶向制剂及各种微粒给药系统。
为了将单位给药剂型制成片剂, 可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体。 关 于载体的例子是, 例如稀释剂与吸收剂, 如淀粉、糊精、硫酸钙、乳糖、甘露醇、 蔗糖、 氯化钠、 葡萄糖、 尿素、 碳酸钙、 白陶土、 微晶纤维素、 硅酸铝等; 湿润 剂与粘合剂, 如水、 甘汕、 聚乙二醇、 乙醇、 丙醇、 淀粉浆、 糊精、 糖浆、 蜂密、 葡萄糖溶液、 阿拉伯胶浆、 明胶浆、 羧甲基纤维素钠、 紫胶、 甲基纤维素、 磷酸 钾、 聚乙烯吡咯垸酮等; 崩解剂, 例如千燥淀粉、海藻酸盐、琼脂粉、褐藻淀粉、 碳酸氢钠与枸櫞酸、 碳酸钙、 聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、 十二垸基磺酸钠、 甲 基纤维素、 乙基纤维素等; 崩解抑制剂, 例如蔗糖、 三硬脂酸甘油酯、 可可脂、 氢化汕等; 吸收促进剂, 例如季铰盐、十二垸基硫酸钠等; 润滑剂, 例如滑石粉、 二氧化硅、 玉米淀粉、 硬脂酸盐、 硼酸、 液体石蜡、 聚乙二醇等。 还可以将片剂 进一歩制成 包衣片, 例如糖包衣片、 薄膜包衣片、 肠溶包衣片, 或双层片和多 层片。
为了将给药单元制成丸剂, 可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体。 关于载 体的例子是, 例如稀释剂与吸收剂, 如葡萄糖、 乳糖、 淀粉、 可可脂、 氢化植物 油、 聚乙烯吡咯垸酮、高岭土、滑石粉等; 粘合剂, 如阿拉伯胶、黄蓍胶、 明胶、 乙醇、 ½蜜、 液糖、 米糊或而糊等; 崩解剂, 如琼脂粉、 干燥淀粉、 海藻酸盐、 十二烷基磺酸钠、 甲基纤维素、 乙基纤维素等。
为了将给药^元制成栓剂, 可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体。 关于载 体的例子是, 例如聚乙二醇、 卵磷脂、 可可脂、 高级醇、 高级醇的酯、 明胶、 半 合成甘汕酯等。
为了将给药单元制成胶囊, 将有效成分与上述的各种载体混合, 并将 ώ此 得到的混合物置于硬的明胶胶囊或软胶囊中。也可将有效成分制成微囊剂,混悬 于水性介质中形成混悬剂, 亦可装入硬胶囊中或制成注射剂应用。
例如, 将本发明的组合物制成注射用制剂, 如溶液剂、 混悬剂溶液剂、 乳 '剂、 冻干粉针剂, 这种制剂可以是含水或非水的, 可含一种和 /或多种药效学上 可接受的载体、 稀释剂、 粘合剂、 润滑剂、 防腐剂、 表面活性剂或分散剂。 如稀 释剂可选自水、 乙醇、 聚乙二醇、 1, 3-丙二醇、 乙氧基化的异硬脂醇、 多氧化 的异硬脂醇、 聚氧乙烯山梨醉脂肪酸酯等。 另外, 为了制备等渗注射液, 可以向 注射用制剂中添加适量的氯化钠、 葡萄糖或甘油, 此外, 还可以添加常规的助溶 剂、 缓冲剂、 ΡΗ调节剂等。 这些辅料是本领域常用的。
此外, 如需要, 也可以向药物制剂中添加着色剂、 防腐剂、 香料、 矫味剂、 甜味剂或其它材料。
本发明的组合物能用于治疗哺乳动物包括人的厌氧菌引起的全身或者局部 感染。
本发明的化合物或者药用组合物的给药剂量取决于许多因素,例如所要预防 或治疗疾病的性质和严重程度, 患者或动物的性别、 年龄、 体重、 性格及个体反 应, 给药途径、 给药次数等, 因此本发明的治疗剂量可以有大范围的变化。一般 来讲, 本发明药学成分的使用剂量是本领域技术人员公知的。可以根据本发明药 用化合物或者组合物中最后的制剂中所含有的实际有效药物数量,加以适当的调 整, 以达到其治疗有效量的耍求, 完成本发明治疗厌氧菌感染的目的。 通常对体 璽约 75公斤患者, 所给药的日剂量为 0. 5mg/kg体重 至 40 mg/kg体重,优选 4 mg/kg体重至 20 mg/kg体重。 上述剂量可以单一剂量形式或分成几个, 例如二、 三或四个剂量形式给药, 这受限于给药医生的临床经验的给药方案。
由本发明制备的通式( I )表示的化合物在体外、 体内均显示了良好的抗厌 氧菌、 抗滴虫、 抗阿米巴原虫作用。
本发明的化合物要比硝基咪唑类抗菌药外消旋的混合体具有更佳的抗厌轵 菌、 抗滴虫、 抗阿米巴原虫特性, 并具有高度安全性。 具体实施方式
以下实施例将更详细地说明本发明, 并非理解为是对本发明的限制。 实施例 1
(S) - α - (吗啡啉-卜基)甲基 -2-甲基- 5-硝基咪唑- 1-乙醇的制备 将 (R) - 1- (2, 3-环氧丙基)- 2-甲基 -5-硝基咪唑(10g), 吗啡啉(10g), 乙腊 100ml回流 2小时, 减压回收乙腈, 加入水 100ml, 加热至全溶, 趁热过滤, 放 冷,过滤,水洗,烘干得到类白色固体(llg) , mp: 116- 120°C。 [ a ]D=+25°(C=1.0, 二氯甲垸)。 其质子核磁共振数据为: 'H丽 R(CD:,C1)_ δ 2.35〜2.50(3H,m) δ 2.55 (3Η, s) δ 2.58〜2.68(3H,m) δ 3.68〜3.72 (4H, m) δ 4.06〜4.11 (2Π, m) δ4· 58〜4· 62(1Η, m) 67.93(1H, s)
1. (R) - 1-(2, 3-环氧丙基) - 2-甲基- 5-硝基咪唑的制备
将氢氧化钾 (30克) 溶于水 (250ml) 中, 冷却至 10°C, 搅拌下加入(R) - 奥硝唑 ( 100克), 于室温搅拌 0.5小时, 加入水 ( 250ml ), 继续搅拌 0.5小吋 , 过滤, 水洗至中性, 避光干燥得淡黄色标题化合物: 80克。 实施例 2
(R) - α - (吗啡啉- 1-基)甲基- 2-甲基 -5-硝基咪唑- 1-乙醇的制备 制备方法同实施例 1, 不冋之处在于里 (S) - 1- (2,3-环氧丙基) -2-甲-基 - 5 - 硝基咪唑代替(R) -1- (2, 3-环氧丙基)- 2-甲基 -5-硝基咪唑, 制备所得为本发明 化合物 2, mp.- 116-120 ο [ )=- 25° (01.0, 二氯甲垸)。 其质子核磁共振数 据为: 'HNMR (CD,C1) δ 2.33〜2.55(3H,m) δ 2.60 (3Η, s) δ 2.62〜2.68 (3H, m) δ 3.70〜 3· 77 (4H, m) δ 4.05〜 4.10(2H, m) δ 4.59〜 4.62 (1H, m) δ 7.95 (1H, s)
2. (S) -1 - (2, 3-环氧丙基)- 2-甲基- 5-硝基咪唑的制备
将氢氧化钾 (30克) 溶于水 (250ml) 中, 冷却至 10°C, 搅拌下加入 (S) - 奥硝唑 (100克), 于室温搅拌 0.5小时, 加入水 (250ml), 继续搅拌 0.5小吋, 过滤, 水洗至中性, 避光千燥得淡黄色标题化合物: 80克。 实施例 3
化合物 1粉针剂的制备
化合物 1 100g ―
右旋糖酐 40g
将实施例得到的 100g化合物 1加适量注射用水溶解, 右旋糖酐 40g加适量 注射用水溶解, 将两溶液混合均匀, 加注射用水稀释至 2000ml, 用 0. 22um的微 孔滤膜过滤, 无菌条件下, 分别装于 10ml西林瓶中, 装盘, 送入冻干箱中, 冷 冻干燥后, 出箱, 轧盖, 即可。 实施例 4
化合物 1片剂的制备
化合物 1 100g
淀粉 100g
淀粉浆 (8%) 适量
硬脂酸镁 0. 4g
将实施例 1得到的化合物 1、 淀粉拌和均匀, 加 8%淀粉浆制成软件, 用 14 目尼龙筛制粒, 70-80'C干燥, 加硬脂酸镁, 经 10- 12目铁丝筛整粒, 混匀, 用 12國冲模压片。 实施例 5
化合物 2颗粒剂的制备
化合物 2 100g
可溶淀粉 80g
20g 将化合物 2溶于水,加入淀粉 80g、糖粉 20g,再加香精适量,混匀,用 14 - 16 目婶制粒, 60°C以下干燥, 包装。 实施例 6
化合物 1胶囊剂的制备
化合物 1 100g
微晶纤维素 40g
60g
4g 硬脂酸镔 lg
微粉硅胶 lg
化合物 1 , 微品纤维素, 乳糖, 羟甲基淀粉钠分别过筛, 并混合均匀, 加淀 粉浆适量制成软材, 过 20 目筛制粒, 湿颗粒于 50°C下干燥, 干颗粒过 2Q目筛 整粒, 与硬脂酸镁、 微粉硅胶混匀, 灌装胶囊。 .
实施例 7
化合物 1口服液的制备
化合物 1 100g '
糖精 0. 5g
香精 0. lg
注射用水 1000ml
将化合物 1、糖精 香精分别溶于注射用水后, 混和,稀释至 1000ml, 即得。 试验例 1
采用本领域普通技术人员公知的方法对本发明的化合物 1、 2进行抗厌氧菌 的试验表明:下表 2所示本发明提供的化合物对二种厌氧菌均有很好的体外抗菌 活性, 作用与奥硝唑相当。
. 表 2、 对二种厌氧菌体外抗菌活性
Figure imgf000009_0001
试验例 2
釆用本领域普通技术人员公知的方法, 对本发明的化合物 1、 2进行抗厌氧 菌的试验表明:下表 3所示本发明提供的化合物对小鼠口服或静注对二种厌氧菌 均有很好的体内抗菌活性, 作用强于奥硝唑, 或与奥硝唑相当。 表 3、 对二种厌氧菌感染小鼠的体内保护试验结果
口服 ED5„(mg/kg) 静脉给药 ED5() (mg/kg) (实施例号) 脆弱似杆菌 消化链球菌 脆弱似杆菌 消化链球菌 化合物 1 28 11 20 4 化合物 2 25 10 18 4 奥硝唑 42 20 30 10
试验例 3
初歩毒性试验: 给各组 (每组 10只, 雌雄各半) 小鼠口服或腹腔注射本发 明化合物 1, 剂量为 2000mg/kg, 观察二星期。 表 4示出本发明化合物 1、 2的毒 性均较少, 均小于奥硝唑。
表 4、 小鼠一次口服或腹腔注射的死亡率。
Figure imgf000010_0001
试验例 4
釆用本领域普通技术人员公知的方法对本发明实施例的化合物进行抗阴道 毛滴虫、溶组织内阿米巴原虫的试验表明: 本发明提供的实施例化合物具有很好 的体外抗阴道毛滴虫、 溶组织内阿米巴原虫活性, 作用强于甲硝唑。 结果如表 5 所示。
表 5、 体外抗阴道毛滴虫、 溶组织内阿米巴原虫活性 化合物 MIC ( g/ml)
阴道毛滴虫 溶组织内阿米巴原虫
化合物 1 0. 5 3
甲硝唑 2. 0 3 奥硝唑 1. 0 6 W 试验例 5
釆用本领域普迎技术人员公知的方法,对本发明的实施例化合物进行抗阴道 毛滴虫、溶组织内阿米巴原虫的试验表明: 本发明的实施例化合物对大鼠有很好 的体内抗阴道毛滴虫、 溶 织内阿米巴原虫活性, 作用强于甲硝唑和奥硝唑。结 朵如表 6所示。
表 6、 对阴道毛滴虫、 溶组织内阿米巴原虫感染大鼠的体内保护试验结果 化合物 口服 ED5„(mg/kg)
. 阴道毛滴虫 . 溶组织内阿米巴原虫
化合物 1 9 7
化合物 2 11 9
甲硝唑 20 25
奥硝唑 35 10

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1 通式 ( 1 ) 所代表的化合物及其水合物或溶剂化合物或药学上可接受的盐,
Figure imgf000012_0001
其中 R选自
/ \
1 H , N 0 H C H ., N N H C H , N N— C !1
\ /
Figure imgf000012_0002
带 *号碳原子为手性碳原子, 以 (R) 或 (S) 单一对映体形式或富含一种对 映体形式存在。
2、根据权利要求 1所述化合物, 其特征在于带 *号碳原子以 (S) 构型存在。
3、 根据权利要求〗所述化合物, 其特征在于带 *号碳原子以 (R) 构型存在。 4、 根据权利要求 1 所述化合物, 其特征在于带 *号碳原子以富含 (R) 或(S) 形式存在, 即 (R) 或 (S) 构型含量 95% 一种制备权利耍求 1所述化合物的方法, 其特征包括: /1 u_ IIN ~ il U Nil U M— Cll., UN 0 ,
将通式 (Π)化合物与 、 ~ / , ^-j , — ·', v_ 或者
应; 得到如权利耍求 1所述的化合物 c
Figure imgf000013_0001
(ID
6、 - 种药物组合物, 其特征在于含有治疗有效剂量的作为活性成分的如权利耍 求 1所述的化合物以及药学上可接受的载体。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的化合物在制备抗厌氧菌药物的用途。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的化合物在制备抗滴虫、 抗阿米巴原虫药物的用途。
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