WO2007076666A1 - Avertisseur electronique adaptatif intelligent - Google Patents

Avertisseur electronique adaptatif intelligent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007076666A1
WO2007076666A1 PCT/CN2006/002493 CN2006002493W WO2007076666A1 WO 2007076666 A1 WO2007076666 A1 WO 2007076666A1 CN 2006002493 W CN2006002493 W CN 2006002493W WO 2007076666 A1 WO2007076666 A1 WO 2007076666A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
sensor
oscillation
signal
oscillating
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Application number
PCT/CN2006/002493
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hongwei Zhao
Original Assignee
Hongwei Zhao
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Publication date
Application filed by Hongwei Zhao filed Critical Hongwei Zhao
Priority to DE112006003532T priority Critical patent/DE112006003532T5/de
Priority to JP2008600037U priority patent/JP3148776U/ja
Publication of WO2007076666A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007076666A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
    • G10K9/13—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using electromagnetic driving means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
    • B06B1/0215—Driving circuits for generating pulses, e.g. bursts of oscillations, envelopes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • B06B2201/50—Application to a particular transducer type
    • B06B2201/52—Electrodynamic transducer
    • B06B2201/53—Electrodynamic transducer with vibrating magnet or coil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic sounding device, and more particularly to an adaptive intelligent electronic horn capable of adjusting the sound according to an external environment.
  • the widely used electronic horn is based on the principle that an electronic switch circuit is used to control the on and off of the electromagnetic coil in the horn, and then control the mechanical sounding device of the horn to sound.
  • the frequency at which the switching circuit controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic coil is fixed, but since the vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device in the horn may change due to changes in the external environment, for example, when the ambient temperature of the outside is raised When high, the vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device will decrease. When the external environment is lowered, the vibration frequency of the mechanical generating device increases. This leads to the problem that the mechanical sounding device cannot always operate in an ideal resonant state, so that the actual sound pressure level of the electronic horn is lowered.
  • the voltage change of the electronic horn power supply also affects the actual output sound pressure.
  • the electronic horn may also be ironed, that is, the mechanical parts in the vibration system in the mechanical sounding device may collide with each other, so that the sound outputted by the electronic horn is accompanied by noise.
  • the object of the present invention is to disclose an adaptive intelligent electronic horn that can adapt to changes in the environment and the power supply voltage, so that the electronic horn always outputs the maximum sound pressure.
  • the adaptive intelligent electronic horn of the invention comprises a mechanical sounding device, an electromagnetic coil, a driving circuit and an oscillating circuit, and a sensor is added between the mechanical sounding device and the oscillating circuit, and the input end of the oscillating circuit is added.
  • On-off ratio adjustment circuit ;
  • the sensor for measuring the vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device and measuring the vibration The frequency signal is fed back to the oscillating circuit;
  • the on/off ratio adjusting circuit is configured to control an oscillation signal pulse width output by the oscillating circuit according to a power supply voltage, and/or an ambient temperature;
  • the oscillating circuit is configured to output a corresponding oscillating signal to the driving circuit according to the vibration frequency signal received from the sensor and/or the control signal of the on/off ratio adjusting circuit.
  • the above sensor may be an acoustic wave sensor, or a vibration sensor, or a magnetic induction sensor, or a capacitive sensor.
  • the above-mentioned on-off ratio adjusting circuit includes a temperature-controlled on-off ratio adjusting circuit, and/or a voltage-controlled on-off ratio adjusting circuit;
  • the temperature control on/off ratio adjusting circuit is configured to control an oscillation signal pulse width output by the oscillation circuit according to an ambient temperature
  • the voltage controlled on/off ratio adjusting circuit is configured to control a pulse width of the oscillation signal output by the oscillation circuit according to the power supply voltage.
  • the temperature-controlled switching-off ratio adjusting circuit controls the oscillation signal pulse width of the output of the oscillation circuit to decrease; when the ambient temperature rises, the temperature-controlled switching-off ratio adjusting circuit controls the oscillation signal pulse width of the output of the oscillation circuit to increase.
  • the voltage-controlled switching-off ratio adjusting circuit controls the oscillation signal pulse width of the oscillation circuit to decrease; when the power supply voltage is lowered, the voltage-controlled switching-off ratio adjusting circuit controls the oscillation signal pulse width outputted by the oscillation circuit. Increase.
  • the frequency of the oscillating signal output by the oscillating circuit is always equal to the current vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device, regardless of environmental changes or changes in the power supply voltage, mechanical sounding.
  • the device always works in a resonant state and outputs the maximum sound pressure.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of an adaptive intelligent electronic horn according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is another circuit block diagram of the adaptive intelligent electronic horn according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of the adaptive intelligent electronic horn according to the present invention.
  • the invention controls the mechanical transmission by controlling the vibration frequency and the pulse width of the output of the oscillating circuit
  • the vibration frequency of the acoustic device matches its current actual vibration frequency, and at the same time, the output sound level is maximized to meet the requirements of different environments and power supply voltages.
  • the adaptive intelligent electronic horn of the present invention comprises an oscillating circuit, a driving circuit, an electromagnetic coil and a mechanical sounding device, and a sensor is arranged between the mechanical sounding device and the oscillating circuit, and the oscillating circuit is added.
  • the input terminal is increased by setting the on-off ratio adjustment circuit.
  • the sensor is configured to measure a vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device, and feed back the measured vibration frequency signal to the oscillation circuit.
  • the sensor can be an acoustic wave sensor, or a vibration sensor, or a magnetic induction sensor, or a capacitive sensor.
  • the on/off ratio adjusting circuit is configured to control an oscillation signal pulse width outputted by the oscillating circuit according to a power supply voltage, and/or an ambient temperature.
  • the oscillating circuit is configured to output a corresponding oscillating signal to the driving circuit according to the vibration frequency signal received from the sensor and/or the control signal of the on/off ratio adjusting circuit.
  • the above-mentioned on-off ratio adjusting circuit may specifically include a temperature-controlled on-off ratio adjustment circuit, and/or a voltage-controlled on-off ratio adjustment circuit.
  • the temperature control on/off ratio adjusting circuit is configured to control an oscillation signal pulse width outputted by the oscillation circuit according to an ambient temperature.
  • mechanical sounding devices generally use a gap between the knurled screw and the armature to adjust the level of the output.
  • the gap between the knurled screw and the armature becomes smaller.
  • the sound pressure level output by the mechanical sounding device is increased, the ironing phenomenon is highly prone to occur; and when the ambient temperature is raised, the rolling is performed.
  • the gap between the flower screw and the armature becomes larger, and at this time, the sound pressure level output from the mechanical sounding device is reduced.
  • the temperature control on/off ratio adjusting circuit controls the pulse width of the oscillation signal output by the oscillation circuit according to the ambient temperature.
  • the pulse width of the oscillation signal output by the oscillation circuit decreases; when the ambient temperature rises, the oscillation of the oscillation circuit output The signal pulse width is increased.
  • the voltage controlled on/off ratio adjusting circuit is configured to control an oscillation signal pulse width output by the oscillation circuit according to the power supply voltage.
  • the power supply voltage is constant, if the gap between the knurled screw and the armature is large, the sound pressure level output by the mechanical sounding device is low; conversely, the gap between the knurled screw and the armature is small, and the sound pressure is output. Level is high.
  • the above voltage control on/off ratio adjusting circuit is based on power supply The source voltage controls the pulse width of the oscillating signal output by the oscillating circuit.
  • the pulse width of the oscillating signal output by the oscillating circuit decreases, thereby reducing the average energy obtained by the electromagnetic coil, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude of the mechanical sounding device. Small, eliminating the phenomenon of ironing;
  • the pulse width of the oscillation signal output by the oscillation circuit is increased, so that the average energy obtained by the electromagnetic coil is increased, thereby increasing the vibration amplitude of the mechanical sounding device, and outputting the sound The pressure level rises.
  • the vibration frequency signal is fed back to the oscillation circuit.
  • the vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device changes, that is, when the current vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device is not equal to its natural frequency
  • the sensor feeds back the current vibration frequency signal back to the oscillation circuit, and the oscillation circuit adjusts the vibration frequency signal according to the vibration frequency signal.
  • the output of the oscillating signal is such that the frequency of the oscillating signal of the output is equal to the current vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device.
  • the frequency of the oscillating signal output by the oscillating circuit is always equal to the current vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device, regardless of environmental changes or changes in the power supply voltage, mechanical sounding.
  • the device always works in a resonant state, and the pulse width is adjusted accordingly, always producing the highest sound pressure and no noise.
  • FIG. 3 it is a circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • the sensor S is connected in parallel with the resistor R2 and connected in series with the resistor R1.
  • the sensor S is placed near the mechanical sounding device H.
  • the oscillating circuit selects a 555 IC chip, and the resistors R 3 and R 4 , the thermistor R6, the diodes D1 and D 2 , and the capacitors C1 and C2 are peripheral components of the 555 IC chip.
  • the resistor R4, the series diode D1, and the capacitors C1, C2 can generate the same on/off ratio signal as the vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device H.
  • the driving circuit is composed of a high-power FET T and a capacitor C4, and a capacitor C4 is connected in parallel at the output end of the FET T.
  • the 3 pin of the 555IC chip is the output end of the oscillation control signal, and controls the on and off of the high power FET T.
  • the capacitor C 4 absorbs the overvoltage in the loop to prevent breakdown of the high power FET T.
  • the sensor S feeds back the vibration frequency signal of the mechanical sounding device to the 2nd and 6th ends of the 555IC chip, that is, generates a synchronization signal consistent with the vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device, and superimposes the 2nd and 6th ends of the 555IC chip, so that the 3 end of the 555IC chip
  • the output signal remains synchronized with the current vibration frequency of the mechanical sounding device.
  • the 7-pin of the 555IC chip that is, the control terminal, controls the RC charge and discharge loop. When the 7-pin of the 555IC chip is high, the RC loop is charged; when the 7-pin of the 555IC chip is low, the RC loop Discharge.
  • the time base circuit can generate an on/off ratio signal having the same vibration frequency as that of the mechanical sounding device H.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

一种自适应智能电子喇叭 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电子发声装置,尤其涉及一种能够根据外界环境调节音 量的自适应智能电子喇叭。
背景技术
现在广泛使用的电子喇叭， 其发声的原理是用一个电子开关电路控制喇 叭内电磁线圈的通断， 进而控制喇叭的机械发声装置而发声。
在这种结构的电子喇叭中，开关电路控制电磁线圈通断的频率是固定的， 但是， 由于喇叭内机械发声装置的振动频率可能因外界环境的变化而变化， 例如， 当外界的环境温度升高时， 机械发声装置的振动频率会降低。 当外界 环境降低时， 机械发生装置的振动频率会升高。 这就导致了一个问题， 即机 械发声装置不能一直在理想的谐振状态下工作， 从而使电子喇叭实际输出的 声压级降低。
另外， 电子喇叭供电电源的电压变化对其实际输出的声压也有影响。 当 供电电源的电压升高时， 电磁线圈所得的能量增加， 因此， 此时电子喇叭实 际输出的声压级高； 而当供电电源的电压降低时， 电磁线圈所得的能量降低， 因此， 此时电子喇叭实际输出的声压级低。 在上述的供电电源电压升高时， 电子喇叭还会出现打铁现象， 即机械发声装置内的振动系统中的机械件会产 生相互碰撞， 从而使电子喇叭输出的声音中带有杂音。
综上所述， 电子喇叭实际输出的声音受环境条件及供电电源电压的影响 很大， 其实际输出的声音还很不尽如人意。
发明内容
本发明目的是公开一种自适应智能电子喇叭， 可以适应环境和供电电源 电压的变化， 使电子喇叭始终输出最大的声压。
本发明所述的自适应智能电子喇叭， 包括机械发声装置、 电磁线圈、 驱 动电路和振荡电路，在机械发声装置与振荡电路之间还增加了设置了传感器， 在振荡电路的输入端增加设置了通断比调整电路；
所述传感器， 用于测量机械发声装置的振动频率， 并将测量得到的振动 频率信号反馈至振荡电路；
所述通断比调整电路，用于根据供电电源电压， 和 /或环境温度控制振荡 电路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽度；
所述振荡电路，用于根据其从传感器接收到的振动频率信号，和 /或通断 比调整电路的控制信号， 向驱动电路输出相应的振荡信号。
上述的传感器可以为声波传感器、 或振动传感器、 或磁感应传感器、 或 电容传感器。
上述通断比调整电路包括温控通断比调整电路，和 /或压控通断比调整电 路；
其中， 所述温控通断比调整电路用于根据环境温度控制振荡电路输出的 振荡信号脉冲宽度；
所述压控通断比调整电路用于根据供电电源电压控制振荡电路输出的振 荡信号脉冲宽度。
当环境温度降低时， 温控通断比调整电路控制振荡电路输出的振荡信号 脉冲宽度减小； 当环境温度升高时， 温控通断比调整电路控制振荡电路输出 的振荡信号脉冲宽度增大。
当供电电源电压升高时， 压控通断比调整电路控制振荡电路输出的振荡 信号脉冲宽度减小； 当供电电源电压降低时， 压控通断比调整电路控制振荡 电路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽度增大。
本发明中， 通过增加设置传感器和通断比调整电路， 使得不论是环境变 化， 还是供电电源电压变化的情况下， 振荡电路输出的振荡信号频率总与机 械发声装置当前的振动频率相等， 机械发声装置总能工作在谐振状态下， 输 出最大的声压。
附图说明
图 1为本发明所述自适应智能电子喇叭的电路原理框图；
图 2为本发明所述自适应智能电子喇叭的另一种电路原理框图； 图 3为本发明所述自适应智能电子喇叭的电路原理图。
具体实施方式
本发明通过控制振荡电路输出的振动频率和脉冲宽度， 进而控制机械发 声装置的振动频率与其当前实际振动频率相匹配， 同时实现输出声级达到最 大， 满足不同的环境及供电电源电压使用的要求。
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。
如图 1所示， 本发明所述的自适应智能电子喇叭， 包括振荡电路、 驱动 电路、 电磁线圈和机械发声装置， 在机械发声装置与振荡电路之间还增加了 设置了传感器， 在振荡电路的输入端增加设置了通断比调整电路。
其中， 所述传感器， 用于测量机械发声装置的振动频率， 并将测量得到 的振动频率信号反馈至振荡电路。 该传感器可以为声波传感器、 或振动传感 器、 或磁感应传感器、 或电容传感器。
所述通断比调整电路，用于根据供电电源电压，和 /或环境温度控制振荡 电路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽度。
所述振荡电路， 用于根据其从传感器接收到的振动频率信号，和 /或通断 比调整电路的控制信号， 向驱动电路输出相应的振荡信号。
如图 2所示， 上述通断比调整电路可以具体包括温控通断比调整电路， 和 /或压控通断比调整电路。
所述温控通断比调整电路用于根据环境温度控制振荡电路输出的振荡信 号脉冲宽度。 在电子喇叭生产中， 机械发声装置一般采用调整滚花螺杆和衔 铁之间的间隙来调整其输出的声级。 当环境温度降低时， 滚花螺杆和衔铁之 间的间隙就会变小， 此时， 虽然机械发声装置输出的声压级增大， 但极易出 现打铁现象； 而环境温度升高时， 滚花螺杆和衔铁之间的间隙就会变大， 此 时， 机械发声装置输出的声压级就会减小。 上述温控通断比调整电路根据环 境温度控制振荡电路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽度， 在环境温度降低时， 振荡电 路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽度减小； 在环境温度升高时， 振荡电路输出的振荡 信号脉冲宽度增大。
所述压控通断比调整电路用于根据供电电源电压控制振荡电路输出的振 荡信号脉冲宽度。当供电电源电压不变时，若滚花螺杆和衔铁之间的间隙大， 那么机械发声装置输出的声压级就低； 反之，滚花螺杆和衔铁之间的间隙小， 则输出的声压级高。 但当供电电源电压升高时， 机械发声装置的振动幅度增 大， 由于间隙过小， 会发生打铁现象。 上述压控通断比调整电路根据供电电 源电压控制振荡电路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽度， 在供电电源电压升高时， 振 荡电路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽度减小，从而使电磁线圈得到的平均能量减少， 进而使机械发声装置的振动幅度减小， 消除了打铁现象； 当供电电源电压降 低时， 振荡电路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽度增大， 从而使电磁线圈得到的平均 能量增大， 进而使机械发声装置的振动幅度增大， 输出的声压级升高。
上述传感器测量得到机械发声装置的振动频率信号后， 将该振动频率信 号反馈回振荡电路。 在机械发声装置的振动频率发生变化时， 也就是说， 机 械发声装置当前的振动频率不等于其固有频率时， 传感器将当前的振动频率 信号反馈回振荡电路，振荡电路根据此振动频率信号调节其输出的振荡信号， 使该输出的振荡信号频率等于机械发声装置当前的振动频率。 这样， 机械发 声装置总能工作在谐振状态下， 其振动幅度不发生变化， 因此， 其输出的声 压级也不受影响。
本发明中， 通过增加设置传感器和通断比调整电路， 使得不论是环境变 化， 还是供电电源电压变化的情况下， 振荡电路输出的振荡信号频率总与机 械发声装置当前的振动频率相等， 机械发声装置总能工作在谐振状态下， 同 时脉冲宽度也随之调整， 总是使输出的声压最大， 并且没有杂音。
如图 3所示， 为本发明的电路原理图。 图中， 传感器 S与电阻 R2并连 后串接电阻 Rl。所述传感器 S放置在机械发声装置 H附近。所述振荡电路选 用 555IC芯片， 电阻 R 3、 R 4、 热敏电阻 R6、 二极管 Dl、 D 2及电容 Cl、 C2是 555IC芯片的外围元件。 其中， 电阻 R4、 串接二极管 Dl， 和电容 Cl、 C2, 可以产生与机械发声装置 H振动频率相同的通断比信号。所述驱动电路 是由大功率场效应管 T与电容 C4构成，电容 C4并联在场效应管 T的输出端。 555IC芯片的 3脚为振荡控制信号的输出端， 控制着大功率场效应管 T的通 断， 所述电容 C 4吸收回路中的过电压， 防止击穿大功率场效应管 T。 传感 器 S将机械发声装置 Η的振动频率信号反馈至 555IC芯片的 2、 6端， 即产 生与机械发声装置振动频率一致的同步信号，叠加到 555IC芯片的 2、 6端, 使得 555IC芯片的 3端的输出信号保持与机械发声装置当前的振动频率同 步。 555IC芯片的 7脚， 即控制端， 控制着 RC充放电回路， 当 555IC芯片的 7脚为高电平时， RC回路充电； 当 555IC芯片的 7脚为低电平时， RC回路 放电。 在电容充电期间， 电流经过 Dl、 R4、 R6、 C2、 CI流通； 在电容放电 期间， 电流经过 Cl、 C2、 R6、 R5、 D2流通。 调整 R4与 R6的电阻值比例， 就可以使时基电路产生和机械发声装置 H振动频率相同的通断比信号。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上， 但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方 式中所列运用， 它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域， 对于熟悉本领 域的人员而言， 可容易地实现另外的修改， 因此在不背离权利要求及等同范 围所限定的一般概念下， 本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图 例。

Claims

权利 要 求 书
1. 一种自适应智能电子喇叭， 包括机械发声装置、 电磁线圈、驱动电路 和振荡电路， 其特征在于：
在机械发声装置与振荡电路之间还增加了设置了传感器， 在振荡电路的 输入端增加设置了通断比调整电路；
所述传感器， 用于测量机械发声装置的振动频率， 并将测量得到的振动 频率信号反馈至振荡电路；
所述通断比调整电路，用于根据供电电源电压，和 /或环境温度控制振荡 电路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽度；
所述振荡电路， 用于根据其从传感器接收到的振动频率信号， 和 /或通断 比调整电路的控制信号， 向驱动电路输出相应的振荡信号。
2.如权利要求 1所述的一种自适应智能电子喇叭， 其特征在于： 所述传 感器为声波传感器。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的一种自适应智能电子喇叭， 其特征在于：所述传 感器为振动传感器。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的一种自适应智能电子喇叭，其特征在于：所述传 感器为磁感应传感器。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的一种自适应智能电子喇叭，其特征在于： 所述传 感器为电容传感器。
6.如权利要求 1所述的一种自适应智能电子喇叭， 其特征在于： 所述通 断比调整电路包括温控通断比调整电路， 和 /或压控通断比调整电路；
其中， 所述温控通断比调整电路用于根据环境温度控制振荡电路输出的 振荡信号脉冲宽度；
所述压控通断比调整电路用于根据供电电源电压控制振荡电路输出的振 荡信号脉冲宽度。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的一种自适应智能电子喇叭， 其特征在于，环境温 度降低时，温控通断比调整电路控制振荡电路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽度减小; 环境温度升高时， 温控通断比调整电路控制振荡电路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽 度增大。
8. 如权利要求 6所述的一种自适应智能电子喇叭，其特征在于，供电电 源电压升高时， 压控通断比调整电路控制振荡电路输出的振荡信号脉冲宽度 减小； 供电电源电压降低时， 压控通断比调整电路控制振荡电路输出的振荡 信号脉冲宽度增大。
9. 如权利要求 1所述的一种自适应智能电子喇叭， 其特征在于： 所述振荡电路选用 555IC芯片， 电阻 R 3、 R 4、热敏电阻 R6、二极管 Dl、 D 2及电容 Cl、 C2是 555IC芯片的外围元件；
其中， 电阻 R4、 串接二极管 Dl， 和电容 Cl、 C2, 产生与机械发声装置 H 振动频率相同的通断比信号；
所述驱动电路由大功率场效应管 T与电容 C4构成， 电容 C4并联在场效应 管 T的输出端， 555IC芯片的 3脚为振荡控制信号的输出端， 控制着大功率场 效应管 T的通断， 所述电容 C 4吸收回路中的过电压， 防止击穿大功率场效应 管 T;
传感器 S与电阻 R2并连后串接电阻 R1， 传感器 S将机械发声装置 H的振动 频率信号反馈至 555IC芯片的 2、 6端， 叠加到 555IC芯片的 2、 6端， 使得 555IC芯片的 3端的输出信号保持与机械发声装置当前的振动频率同步；
555IC芯片的 7脚， 控制着 RC充放电回路， 当 555IC芯片的 7脚为高电平 时， RC回路充电； 当 555IC芯片的 7脚为低电平时， RC回路放电； 在电容充 电期间， 电流经过 Dl、 R4、 R6、 C2、 CI流通； 在电容放电期间， 电流经过 Cl、 C2、 R6、 R5、 D2流通；
调整 R4与 R6的电阻值比例，就可以使时基电路产生和机械发声装置 H振 动频率相同的通断比信号。
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