Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
  • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
  • B66B5/04—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
  • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
  • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
  • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for triggering a safety device on a car or a conveyor device of an elevator system according to the preamble of claim 1.
• the invention further relates to a corresponding method according to the preamble of claim 11.
• a mechanical safety system In the case of moving bodies in the form of elevator cars, a mechanical safety system has proven itself, in which, in addition to the usual suspension ropes, another tensioned rope, hereinafter referred to as the governor rope, is fastened to the moving parts, for example the elevator car, and via arranged in the shaft about fixed pulleys.
• the governor rope Such a security system is described for example in DE 299 12 544 U1.
• This document describes a device for speed limitation in elevator systems with a speed limiter wheel, a governor rope, a safety device on the car and a trigger mechanism for the safety device.
• the trigger mechanism is designed as a centrifugal force limiter.
• the speed limiter wheel (deflection pulley) can be blocked in its rotation by the attached centrifugal force device at a predetermined excess speed of the car (for example 20% above the permissible maximum speed), whereby the governor rope driven by the deflection pulley is also blocked in its movement. Due to the standing limiter rope and the car or car frame, which moves further, a safety brake or a safety device is triggered with increasing limiter traction, which brakes the car or brings it to a standstill.
• the safety brake can no longer be triggered, for example in the case of a cable-driven centrifugal force limiter or the like, if the limiter cable is no longer in its ner intended position or torn or no longer exists.
• Such states of the governor rope are usually detected electrically by so-called slack rope releases on one of the deflection pulleys of the governor rope, and an electrical emergency stop is subsequently initiated by means of the normal service brake.
• the safety gear is ineffective under such conditions, which can lead to further dangers, for example, in the event of a fire or improper release of persons, or even a crash of the car.
• the invention aims to improve the safety of an elevator installation.
• the present invention provides an apparatus with the features of claim 1 and a method with the features of claim 11.
• the solution according to the invention is characterized in that, with the proposed device or the corresponding method for triggering a safety device on a car or a conveyor device of an elevator system, both an excessive speed of the car or the conveyor device and a drop or loss of the cable tension of the governor rope can be determined in a simple manner, and in both cases a safety gear provided can be triggered immediately in a simple and reliable manner.
• the device according to the invention can be used to avoid a situation in which there is initially a drop or elimination of the limiter cable tension, and for this reason it is no longer possible to actuate a safety device after this.
• the two ends of the limiter rope are fastened to components of the release mechanism which are mounted so as to be movable relative to one another.
• a normal operating position in which there is sufficient rope tension of the governor rope
• a triggering operating position in which the rope tension of the governor rope falls below a certain tension value
• the two components of the trigger mechanism are at a first distance from one another in the normal operating position, and a second distance from one another in the triggering operating position.
• the device according to the invention is expediently characterized in that it can trigger the catching device both with the aid of the governor rope tensile force and without the aid of the governor rope tensile force.
• a safe braking of a car or a conveyor device of a variety of possible situations can be accomplished in a simple manner.
• the trigger mechanism in the event of an impermissible elongation of the governor rope or an inadmissible drop in the rope tension of the governor rope or if the governor rope breaks, the trigger mechanism is brought from the normal operating position into the trigger position by moving one of the components of the trigger mechanism that are movable relative to one another from an operating position second of the movable components is shifted into a trigger position relative to the second of the movable components by means of permanently stored energy.
• this spring can either be designed as a tension or compression spring.
• the force provided by the spring is compensated for by the rope tension of the governor rope. If there is a voltage drop or a break in the governor rope, this leads to this leads to a change in the length of the spring, as a result of which a catching mechanism on the car or the conveyor device of the elevator system that is operatively connected to the spring can be triggered.
• the energy stored by the spring corresponds to a force that is at least that over its entire stroke
• a mechanism for enabling a relative movement of the triggering mechanism with respect to the car is expediently provided such that the triggering mechanism can be brought from the defined normal operating position into a further triggering position in the event of a speed of the car or the conveyor device that exceeds a presettable maximum speed.
• This mechanism expediently has an elongated hole formed on the release mechanism, into which a bolt attached to the car or the conveyor device engages. If the limiter rope is blocked due to an excessive speed of the car, the limiter rope is slowed down or comes to a standstill, the car, limited by the length of the elongated hole, can execute a relative movement to the limiter rope.
• the safety catch provided on the car or the conveyor device can also be triggered in a simple and reliable manner by means of this relative movement.
• the release mechanism is expediently designed with a catch linkage movably mounted on the car.
• a catch linkage realizes the operative connection between the release mechanism and the catch device provided on the car or the conveying device, so that when the two components of the release mechanism move relative to one another or the release mechanism as a whole can trigger the catch device relative to the lift car or the conveying device.
• the first component of the trigger mechanism is designed as a housing, and the second component is designed as a plunger which can be displaced in the housing.
• the limiter cable is also expediently guided around two deflection rollers, one end of the limiter cable being fastened to the housing and the other end of the limiter cable being attached to the tappet which is displaceably mounted in the housing.
• the housing also expediently has a tab on its outside which is formed with the elongated hole in which the bolt attached to the car can be displaced.
• the catch rod can also be attached to the plunger, via which the safety catch can be triggered.
• the tappet causes a spring action, in particular a tension spring, to maintain the normal operating position of the trigger mechanism in such a way that the governor rope moves synchronously, ie at the same speed, to the car or the conveyor.
• a spring action in particular a tension spring
• the housing expediently has two components which can be displaced and locked against one another, in particular pipes, so that the overall length of the housing can be adjusted.
• the plunger is expediently guided in a sleeve within the housing, one end of the sleeve serving as a stop for the head region of the plunger.
• This sleeve is also expediently displaceable and lockable with respect to the housing, so that an adjustment of the spring tension and / or the rope tension of the limiter rope can also be achieved by correspondingly displacing the sleeve.
• the displaceability of the housing components relative to one another or of the sleeve relative to the components of the housing is expediently realized by means of corresponding internal and external threads.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic (not to scale) side sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, which interacts with a car, during normal operation of an elevator system
• Figure 3 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment
• Figure 4 is a side sectional view of the
• Figure 5 is a perspective view of a lower beam
• Trigger mechanism according to the invention is attached.
• an elevator installation which comprises a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, is denoted overall by 100.
• a car is shown schematically and designated 110, on which a safety device 146 is arranged.
• the device according to the invention has a trigger mechanism 120 and a limiter rope 122.
• the limiter rope 122 is guided around two deflection rollers, namely around a deflection roller provided in the lower shaft area 150, and a deflection roller 152 mounted in the upper shaft area.
• a first (upper) end 122a of the limiter cable 122 is connected to an upper terminal 120a of the trigger mechanism, and a second (lower) end 122b of the limiter cable 122 is connected to a lower terminal 120b of the trigger mechanism 120.
• the connections 120a and 120b are expediently designed as cable locks.
• the upper terminal 120a is formed on the upper end of a housing 124 of the trigger mechanism 120.
• the lower limiter rope end 122b is attached at the bottom to a displaceable plunger 126 provided in the housing 124.
• the rope tension of the limiter rope 122 can be adjusted in a manner known per se by positioning the deflection pulleys 150, 152 e.g. with the aid of a tensioning weight 154.
• An additional or alternative possibility of adjusting the rope tension is explained below with reference to FIG. 4.
• the cable tension causes a downward force, illustrated by an arrow G, which acts on the plunger 126.
• the plunger 126 is also acted upon by a compression spring 130 against the direction of the cable tension (illustrated by arrow F), and in the normal operating state shown in FIG. 1, its head region 126a rests on an upper plunger bearing (or stop) 128.
• a recess is formed in the upper plunger bearing 128, through which the spring 130 engages the head end 126a of the plunger 126. Accordingly, in the normal operating state shown in FIG by the rope tension applied limiter pull greater than a force caused by the spring 130.
• the rope tension of the governor rope 122 and thus the pretension between the upper and the lower governor rope connection 122a, 122b, must be so great that in the normal case of catching, i.e. if the speed of the car is too high and the governor rope 122 is functioning or intact and the limiter rope is subsequently braked by a speed limiter, the catching device 146 is triggered both when catching down and when catching up with the aid of the governor rope tractive force.
• the rope tension must be so great that the plunger 126 is pulled firmly onto the upper side of the upper plunger bearing 128 and the plunger or its head region 126a is not raised by the spring 130 and / or car accelerations or decelerations during normal driving operation, ie
• the force exerted on the plunger by the compression spring in the illustration in FIG. 1 (arrow F) must be more than compensated for by the cable tension (arrow G).
• the plunger 126 is longitudinally displaceable, i.e. in the direction of travel of the trigger mechanism 120 or the car, slidably mounted in the housing 124.
• a tab 131 is formed with an elongated hole 132 provided therein, the direction of extension of which extends parallel to the direction of travel of the car 110.
• a bolt 111 fastened to the car 110 engages in this slot 132.
• the car 110 and the housing 124 are connected to each other so that they can slide.
• a catch rod 140 extends from the head end 126a of the plunger 126 through an opening 144 in the housing 124, not shown in FIG. 1 but recognizable in FIG. 3, in the direction of the car 110.
• the catch rod 140 is at its end on the car side by means of a tension spring provided on the car 112 preloaded.
• the catch rod 140 is mounted on the housing side and on the car side, in particular pivotably mounted, and is also connected on the car side to the catch device 146 shown schematically in FIG. 1, which can be triggered when the catch rod is pivoted (as will be explained in detail below).
• the connection between the catch rods 140 and the catch device 146 is denoted schematically by 142 in FIGS. 1 and 2.
• the upper deflection roller 152 is expediently designed as a speed limiter wheel. As a result, when a permissible maximum speed of the governor rope 122 and thus the car 110 moving in the normal operating state at the same speed is blocked, the upper deflection roller 152 blocks and brakes the governor rope, as a result of which there is a relative movement between the governor rope 122 and thus the triggering device 120 and the car 110.
• the lower deflection roller 150 is expediently designed as a tensioning roller which is mounted such that it can be displaced or pivoted and is connected to a tensioning weight 154, so that the governor rope 122 always maintains a certain minimum tension.
• This minimum voltage ensures that the governor rope 122 runs safely in the respective (not shown) wheel grooves of the deflection pulleys 150, 152 and thus reliably triggers the safety gear in the event that the deflection pulley 152 designed as a speed limiter wheel is blocked.
• the speed of travel of the car 110 and of the governor rope 122 which is operatively connected to the car 110 is in the permitted range, i.e. there is no blocking or braking of the deflection roller 152.
• the catch rod 140 is in the neutral position, ie the catch device 146 connected to the catch rod 140 via the connection 142 is not triggered.
• the state in which the limiter cable 122 is without voltage is now shown in FIG. 2b). This condition can occur, for example, due to a rope break. A rope break is indicated schematically in Figure 2b) at the location of the arrow S. Analogous considerations also arise in the event that the rope tension of the limiter rope 122 falls below a certain minimum value.
• the compression spring 130 causes the plunger 126 to move upward within the housing 124 and thus also remove the head region 126a of the plunger from the upper plunger bearing 128. This is due to the fact that only the upward force caused by the spring 130 acts on the tappet (arrow F in FIG. 1). This means that the catch rod 140 connected to the plunger 126 or the head region 126a of the plunger is pressed upward, so that the catch device 146 is actuated via the connection 142.
• the housing taking over the support of the spring is supported downwards with the upper edge of the elongated hole 132 on the bolt 111.
• FIG. 2c A third operating state, which corresponds to the traditional operating state of a speed limiter device, is shown in FIG. 2c).
• the car 110 has exceeded a certain maximum speed.
• a blocking device 153 can be designed, for example, as a centrifugal force device.
• the blocking of the deflection roller 152 causes the limiter cable 122 to brake or come to a standstill while the car 110 continues, which leads to a relative movement between the limiter cable 122 and thus the triggering device 120 and the car 110. It should be noted that the rope tension and the force exerted by the spring 130 on the plunger 126 remain essentially unchanged from the normal operating state shown in FIG. 2a.
• Car 110 is over the linkage 140 over the
• FIG. 3 first shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the release mechanism 120 according to the invention.
• the housing 124, the cable connections 120a, 120b, the lower end of the plunger 126, the tab 131 and the elongated hole 132 made in the tab can be seen you can see that from the Housing 124 protruding catch rods 140 and the opening 144.
• the housing 124 has an upper or outer housing part 124a and a lower or inner housing part 124b.
• the housing parts 124a and 124b can e.g. be designed as tubes.
• FIG. 4 a sectional view of the trigger mechanism according to FIG. 3 is shown.
• the tubes 124a, 124b are displaceable in the overlap region 125, for example by means of appropriate threading devices, and can be locked together.
• the total length of the housing 124 can thus be changed or adjusted by corresponding displacement of the tubes 124a, 124b.
• the plunger 126 is mounted in a longitudinally displaceable manner in a sleeve 127 which is arranged in the longitudinal direction and can be fixed or locked in the tubes 124a, 124b.
• the sleeve 127 forms with its upper end 127a the upper plunger bearing 128, i.e. a stop for the head end 126a of the plunger to limit the movement of the plunger 126 in the downward direction.
• the adjustability and fixability of the sleeve 127 in the longitudinal direction thus provides an adjustable stop for the ram movement downwards.
• the limiting rope end 122a coming from above is attached to one end of the upper tube 124a.
• the opening 144 of the The housing is expediently formed in the upper tube 124a.
• the catch rod 140 which is pivotably mounted on the plunger 126 can project outwards through this opening.
• the housing or the upper tube 124a has at least two openings 144 laterally offset from one another, at least one of these openings being usable for easier assembly of the catch rod 140 on the tappet 126.
• a pivotable mounting of the catch rod 140 on the plunger 126 is expediently accomplished by means of a joint 140a.
• the normal operating positions of the linkage 140 are shown in solid lines and the trigger position in dashed lines.
• a spring plate 134 is arranged between the sleeve 127 and the lower tube 124b and can be displaced and fixed on the sleeve 127 in the longitudinal direction.
• the spring plate 134 is also expediently movable and fixable in the upper or lower tube in the longitudinal direction.
• the spring plate serves as a lower stop for the spring 130.
• the sleeve 127 For a relative displacement of the sleeve 127 and the spring plate 134 relative to one another to adjust the spring force, the sleeve 127 expediently has an external thread, and the spring plate 134 has a corresponding internal thread.
• the spring plate 134 is expediently fastened with its outer circumference to the lower tube 124b.
• the spring plate 134 can be designed to be displaceable relative to the lower tube by forming corresponding threads. By forming appropriate threads between the The upper tube and the lower tube can also be moved relative to the upper tube by displacing the upper tube and the lower tube relative to one another. Likewise, all adjustments could be made by an additional component, for example with a lever, hydraulically, pneumatically or with an electric drive.
• Locking, for example, of the upper tube 124a with respect to the lower tube 124b can be achieved after setting a desired positioning, for example by screwing through an elongated hole 129 in one tube and a thread in the other tube.
• the sleeve 127 and the lower tube 124b can be locked after the setting of a desired relative position, for example by screwing or a screw connection 135.
• the sleeve 127 has at its lower end on the outer circumference a polygon or another possibility of attack, schematically denoted by 127b in Figure 4, to facilitate the attack to twist the sleeve 127 or to hold the sleeve when other parts, for example the lower tube 124b are to be rotated.
• the spring 130 is arranged between the spring plate 134 and the head end 126a of the plunger 126, and, as mentioned, the upper sleeve end 127a in the illustrated embodiment, the upper plunger bearing 128 for the head end 126a of the plunger when the spring is tensioned by the tensioning of the limiter cable 122 forms.
• the tension in the limiter cable 122 can be increased as necessary.
• the height of the ram bearing or the lower stop for the ram 126 can be adjusted in height due to the displaceability of the sleeve 127, so that different lever designs of the safety linkage 140, or lever movements, length relationships or forces, can be set or taken into account in different elevator systems.
• the rope tension of the limiter rope 122 can be adjusted by pivoting the lower deflection roller 150. Additionally or alternatively, the cable tension and / or the pretension of the spring 130 can be changed by moving the tubes 124a, 124b and the sleeve 127 relative to one another.
• the spring tension of the spring 130 can be adjusted by displacing the lower tube 124b relative to the upper tube 124a such that during normal catching, ie in the event of an excessive speed of the car , the head 126a of the plunger 126 remains on the upper end 127a of the sleeve with sufficient force and does not lift off, while the trigger mechanism 120 is displaced as a whole with respect to the car 110.
• the tension of the spring can be adjusted in such a way that if the limiter rope 122 loses tension or breaks or breaks, the head end 126a of the tappet is lifted from the upper sleeve end 127a by means of the stored spring force (pretension) of the spring 130, and the catch rod 140 is actuated with the moving tappet.
• the trigger mechanism 120 is supported on the connection point to the car or the catching frame or the conveying means, that is to say the bolt 111 in the elongated hole 132.
• the catch rod 140 is articulated or rotatably mounted on the plunger 126 on the one hand by means of the joint 140a and on the other hand on the car, and also has a third articulated connection for triggering the catch device.
• a third articulated connection for triggering the catch device.
• Such a second joint on the car is designated 140b in FIGS. 2a) - 2c).
• the third articulated connection represents a special version of the connection 142.
• FIG. 5 shows the area of a lower beam of a car on which the trigger mechanism 120, as is shown, for example, in FIGS. 3 and 4, is attached.
• the trigger mechanism 120 cabin insulation devices 512 provided on the lower beam 510 can be seen.
• Roller guides 514 are provided below the lower beam.
• a safety gear is shown in Figure 5 and designated 516.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
• Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
• Winding, Rewinding, Material Storage Devices (AREA)
• Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

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Citations (6)

• 2006
  • 2006-06-20 DE DE502006007659T patent/DE502006007659D1/de active Active
  • 2006-06-20 RU RU2008125988/11A patent/RU2398727C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-06-20 ES ES06762100T patent/ES2349714T3/es active Active
  • 2006-06-20 WO PCT/EP2006/005911 patent/WO2007065488A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2006-06-20 AT AT06762100T patent/ATE477208T1/de active
  • 2006-06-20 EP EP06762100A patent/EP1957391B1/de not_active Not-in-force

Patent Citations (6)

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