WO2007051393A1 - Naturally degradable green flower pot and its making process - Google Patents

Naturally degradable green flower pot and its making process Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007051393A1
WO2007051393A1 PCT/CN2006/002720 CN2006002720W WO2007051393A1 WO 2007051393 A1 WO2007051393 A1 WO 2007051393A1 CN 2006002720 W CN2006002720 W CN 2006002720W WO 2007051393 A1 WO2007051393 A1 WO 2007051393A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
adhesive
plant fiber
eco
mixed
flower pot
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2006/002720
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sikling Cheung
Haibiao Liang
Original Assignee
Zhuhai Greentech Co., Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhuhai Greentech Co., Ltd filed Critical Zhuhai Greentech Co., Ltd
Priority to EP06804941A priority Critical patent/EP1949784A1/en
Priority to US12/092,939 priority patent/US20080222952A1/en
Publication of WO2007051393A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007051393A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
    • A01G9/0291—Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08L3/04—Starch derivatives, e.g. crosslinked derivatives
    • C08L3/10—Oxidised starch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J103/00—Adhesives based on starch, amylose or amylopectin or on their derivatives or degradation products
    • C09J103/04—Starch derivatives
    • C09J103/10—Oxidised starch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
    • C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
    • C08L2666/04—Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00 - C08L49/00, or C08L55/00 - C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L31/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L31/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of monocarboxylic acids
    • C08L31/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl acetate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L61/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an environmentally-friendly flower pot which can be naturally degraded and a manufacturing method thereof. Background technique
  • flower pots used for flower planting include plastic pots and ceramic pots.
  • the plastic flowerpots are lightweight and can be made into a variety of complex structures for large-scale mechanized planting.
  • the disadvantage of plastic flowerpots is that they are difficult to degrade and cause environmental pollution. When plants need to be transplanted, they need to be taken out of the flowerpots, which may cause damage to the roots of the flowers and affect the survival rate.
  • Chinese Patent No. 95111976. 1 discloses a plant fiber flower pot and a production method thereof, which adopts a plant fiber straw pulp board as a main raw material, is treated with a modifier, and is formed by vacuum adsorption mesh molding, but its composition.
  • the composition further includes a water-repellent agent, a filler, a dispersing agent, a precipitating agent, etc., wherein the filler may be talc powder, calcium carbonate, clay, etc., and the composition may affect the gas permeability and water permeability of the flower pot, thereby affecting the growth of the plant.
  • the plant fiber uses pulp as a raw material, has large pollution, and has poor mechanical processing properties, and cannot be made into a complicated structure to meet the needs of large-scale mechanized planting.
  • Chinese patent application 99113554. 7 discloses a plant fiber seedling body and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the carcass material is composed of plant fiber, a binder and a mold release agent; the plant fiber can be selected from straw, gluten, reed, and thatch. At least one of bamboo and wood, the binder may be selected from grain starch, and the release agent may be selected from paraffin or rapeseed oil. Due to the binder used in flour, the mechanical strength is poor, the use period too short.
  • Chinese Patent Application No. 01113233. 7 also discloses a naturally degradable environmentally-friendly flower pot and a manufacturing method thereof, which use urea as a kind of adhesive, so that the degradation property is poor and it is difficult to completely degrade; and the ratio of the adhesive to the vegetable fiber is 1:1. -1. 2, too high a ratio of adhesive affects the production cost of the product; and because the product is prone to excessive free furfural, it may affect the growth of the plant.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly flower pot which is naturally degradable, has good mechanical strength and a long service life, and a method for producing the same.
  • the naturally degradable environmentally-friendly flowerpot of the present invention can be made of pulverized plant fiber, adhesive or the like, wherein the adhesive is composed of oxidized starch and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polycaprolactone (PCL) and One or more of amino resins (such as aminoplast molding powder) are mixed to form 0 ,
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PCL polycaprolactone
  • amino resins such as aminoplast molding powder
  • the adhesive is composed of a natural adhesive and a synthetic adhesive, so that the advantages of the natural adhesive and the synthetic adhesive can be organically combined, thereby producing a truly practical and naturally degradable environmentally friendly flower.
  • a flower pot made of such an adhesive can be naturally degraded into a non-toxic and harmless substance like a flower pot made of a natural adhesive (such as flour), or can be made of a synthetic adhesive such as urea furfural.
  • the flower pots maintain a certain mechanical strength during the necessary use period, so that they can be maintained for a long period of use.
  • the environmentally-friendly flowerpot which can be naturally degraded by the invention is suitable for planting various flowers, and can be grown with plants. It gradually degrades and can be buried in the soil when transplanted. It will be degraded quickly after being discarded, and will not cause pollution.
  • the particle size of the pulverized plant fiber can be controlled to be between 20 and 180 mesh, preferably 40 to 160 mesh, more preferably 60 to 100 mesh.
  • the particle size of plant fibers has a significant impact on the gas permeability, mechanical strength, and service life of the pot.
  • the eco-degradable flowerpots of the present invention comprise 60%-80% (dry weight ratio) of plant fibers, and the rest are adhesives, lubricants for production and processing, and the like. Since the plant fiber content of the flower pot of the present invention can be at least half of the dry weight of the entire flower pot, the manufacturing cost is low and it is easily degraded. More preferably, in the environmentally-friendly flowerpots of the present invention, the dry weight ratio of the plant fibers to the adhesive is controlled between 2: 1-5: 1, most preferably at 2. 5: 1-3. 5: 1 between.
  • the adhesive used in the present invention is oxidized starch (more preferably 1% or more of carboxyl group) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (degree of alcoholysis of 97% or more), polycaprolactone (PCL) (molecular weight of 50,000-120000), A mixture of one or more of an amino resin (urethane aldehyde resin, melamine resin or a mixture of the two, environmentally friendly grade E0-E3).
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PCL polycaprolactone
  • oxidized starch is an inexpensive and fluid adhesive, its adhesive strength and water resistance are insufficient. Therefore, other degradable polymer materials are added in the present invention to modify its bonding strength and water resistance.
  • the oxidized starch component of the adhesive of the present invention may be 20-80% (dry weight ratio), and the balance is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and amino group (resin). mixture.
  • a binder made by mixing a plurality of polymers with oxidized starch has better performance than a binder prepared by mixing a single polymer with oxidized starch.
  • the pot life of the flowerpot of the present invention can be adjusted by adjusting the content of the oxidized starch according to the needs of the plant growth cycle. In general, the composition of the oxidized starch in the 3-month planting period is 60%. The higher the proportion of oxidized starch, The shorter the pot planting period.
  • the adhesive of the present invention may be a mixture of oxidized starch and polyvinyl alcohol, polycaprolactone, and aminoplast molding powder. With such a design, the adhesive has good adhesive effect and complex composition, which is more favorable for plant growth after degradation.
  • Plant fiber can be selected from rice husk powder, bamboo powder, wood powder, coconut shell powder and others that can be crushed to
  • rice husk powder is preferred because of its low price and wide range of sources.
  • the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a naturally degradable environmentally friendly flowerpot, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the mixture obtained in the step (2) is uniformly mixed with a lubricant and an appropriate amount of water, and then added to the heated mold to be pressed to obtain a molded product, wherein the pressing pressure is 15 to 100 MPa, particularly 40. —80 Mpa.
  • the manufacturing method of the present invention may further comprise:
  • the adhesive in the step (2) may be firstly crushed before being mixed with the pulverized vegetable fiber, that is, the vegetable fiber and the dry powder of the adhesive may be separately pulverized, for example, pulverized to 60-100 mesh, Then mix well.
  • the adhesive in the step (2) may be dissolved in water before being mixed with the pulverized plant fiber, and mixed and mixed with the pulverized plant fiber. Drying.
  • This mixing method allows the adhesive of multiple ingredients to be evenly mixed, and the mixing of the adhesive and plant fibers is more uniform. For example, sifted plant fibers and adhesives can be used
  • the 20% - 30% aqueous solution is thoroughly mixed in a blender, taken out, placed in a tumble dryer, and dehydrated until the water content is 5% - 10%.
  • the mixture: the lubricant (zinc stearate or stearic acid): the weight ratio of water may be 100:1:5-10.
  • the pressing time may be 0.4-1.5 minutes, and the middle may be vented 1-3 times.
  • the addition of the lubricant in the step (4) helps to increase the fluidity of the molding material (mixture, the material obtained by mixing the lubricant with water), and is easier to demold.
  • natural plant fiber is used as the main raw material, and other degradable polymer-modified adhesives based on oxidized starch are added, and hot pressing is performed once.
  • the produced flower pots have good mechanical processing performance, similar to plastics, and can produce various complicated structures, which are suitable for large-scale mechanized planting.
  • the plant fiber in step (1) should be pulverized into particles of 20-180 mesh, preferably 60-100 mesh.
  • the reason for this design is that if the plant fiber is too thick, the fluidity of the material is lowered, and it is not suitable for the complicated structure of the planting flower pot. If it is too thin, the processing is difficult and the cost is high.
  • the adhesive is also pulverized and mixed with the plant fiber granules, the granule fineness ratio of the sieving plant fiber and the adhesive can be controlled between 1:5. This design is because the fineness difference is too large to cause the mixture to be not uniform enough, which affects the surface quality and bonding strength of the product, and also makes some products with complicated structures not well formed.
  • the environmentally-friendly flowerpot which can be naturally degraded by the invention has the advantages of low cost and natural degradation, and has a suitable use period and strength and can be adjusted according to needs, and is an ideal substitute for the existing flower pot, especially the disposable plastic flower pot, suitable for Planting a variety of flowers, especially suitable for large-scale mechanized planting.
  • the present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments are not intended to limit the invention. On the basis of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make corresponding improvements or changes without any inventive effort, but such improvements or modifications are still within the scope of the present invention. detailed description
  • the naturally degradable environmentally friendly flowerpot of the present embodiment is prepared by the following manufacturing method:
  • the adhesive in step 2;) is prepared by sequentially placing 10 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 10 g of polycaprolactone (PCL), and 10 g of amino resin, and 10 g of oxidized starch into water at 90-95 ° C. Dissolve and stir 4 and 4 ⁇ 4.
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PCL polycaprolactone
  • amino resin amino resin
  • oxidized starch oxidized starch
  • the naturally degradable environmental protection flowerpot of the present embodiment is prepared by the following manufacturing method: 1) After pulverizing the plant fiber, passing through a 60-100 mesh sieve, the sieve material is obtained;
  • the adhesive in the step 2) is prepared by uniformly dissolving and uniformly mixing 5 g of polycaprolactone (PCL), 5 g of amino resin, and 10 g of oxidized starch in water at 90-95 °C.
  • PCL polycaprolactone
  • amino resin amino resin
  • oxidized starch oxidized starch
  • the adhesive in the step 2) is prepared by sequentially dissolving and stirring 5 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 5 g of amino resin and 20 g of oxidized starch in water at 90-95 °C.
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • amino resin amino resin
  • 20 g of oxidized starch in water at 90-95 °C.
  • the adhesive in step 2) is prepared by dissolving 5 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 5 g of polycaprolactone (PCL), 5 g of amino resin, and 25 g of oxidized starch in water at 90-95 ° C. Both are made.
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PCL polycaprolactone
  • amino resin amino resin
  • oxidized starch 25 g
  • This example prepares a self-degrading bad flower pot with a planting period of one month: 3 grams of polyvinyl alcohol ( PVA ), 2 grams of polycaprolactone ( PCL ), 2 grams of amino resin, oxidized starch 18 g, in order, fully dissolved in 125 g of 90-95 ° C water, mix well, add 75 g of rice husk powder, stir well in a blender, then put in a tumble dryer, dehydrated to water The amount of 5%-l Q%, the mixture is obtained; while stirring, put 1 g of stearic acid and 6 g of water, and mix well to obtain a molding material. Stirring is a key factor. The molding material was placed in a mold heated to 130-160 ° C, the pressure was 70 MPa, the pressing time was 1 minute, and the middle venting was performed twice, and the product was taken out after molding.
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PCL polycaprolactone
  • a naturally degradable environmentally-friendly flower pot with a planting period of 6 months was prepared: 7 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 8 g of aminoplast molding powder, and 10 g of oxidized starch, which were put into the order in order. ⁇ 90- 95 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 Put 1 kg of stearic acid and 6 g of water, and mix well to obtain a molding material. Stirring is a key factor. The molding material was placed in a mold heated to 130-160 ° C, the pressure was 70 MPa, the
  • the adhesive in step 2) consists of 10 grams of oxidized starch, 10 grams of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), gram polycaprolactone (PCL), and 10 grams of aminoplast molding powder.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Description

技术领域
本发明涉及一种可自然降解的环保花盆及其制造方法。 背景技术
随着社会的不断发展、 人们生活水平的不断提高， 各种各样的花卉越 来越受人们的欢迎， 种花、 赏花成了很多人生活的一部分。
目前， 花卉种植使用的花盆包括塑料花盆、 陶瓷花盆。 塑料花盆重量 轻， 可做成各种复杂的结构， 适合大规模机械化种植的需要。 但塑料花盆 的缺点是难以降解， 会给环境造成污染， 而且在植物需要移植时， 需要将 植物从花盆中取出， 从而可能对花的根部产生伤害， 影响成活率。
为此， 人们一直在开发可自然降解的环保花盆， 以解决上述问题。 例 如， 中国专利 95111976. 1公开了一种植物纤维花盆及其生产方法， 其采用 植物纤维草浆板为主要原料， 配以改性剂处理， 经真空吸附网模成型制成， 但其组成成分还包括抗水剂、 填充剂、 分散剂、 沉淀剂等， 其中， 填充剂 可为滑石粉、 碳酸鈣、 粘土等， 这种成分会影响花盆的透气性、 透水性， 从而影响植株生长， 而且其植物纤维采用纸浆为原料， 污染大， 产品的机 械加工性能差， 不能做成复杂的结构以适应大规模机械化种植的需要。
中国专利申请 99113554. 7 中公开了一种植物纤维育苗体及其制造方 法， 其中， 钵体材料由植物纤维、 粘结剂和脱模剂组成； 植物纤维可以选 用秸秆、 谷糠、 芦苇、 茅草、 竹、 木中至少一种， 粘结剂可选用谷物淀粉， 脱模剂选用石蜡或菜子油。 由于其粘合剂釆用面粉， 机械强度差， 使用期 过短。
中国专利申请 01113233. 7 也公开了一种自然降解的环保花盆及其制 造方法， 其采用尿素曱酪作为胶粘剂， 因而降解性能差， 难以完全降解； 而且胶粘剂与植物纤维的比例是 1 : 1-1. 2 , 过高的胶粘剂比例影响了产品 的生产成本； 同时由于产品容易存在过量的游离曱醛， 可能影响植物的生 长。
因此， 到目前为止， 现有技术中还没有令人满意的、 真正具有实用价 值的可自然降解的环保花盆。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可自然降解、 具有良好的机械强度和较长使 用期的环保花盆及其制造方法。
为实现上述发明目的， 本发明的可自然降解的环保花盆可由粉碎的植 物纤维、 胶粘剂等制成， 其中， 胶粘剂是由氧化淀粉与聚乙烯醇（PVA )、 聚己内酯（PCL )和氨基树脂（如氨基塑料模塑粉）中的一种或多种混合而 成0 ,
在本发明的上述方案中，胶粘剂是由天然胶粘剂与合成胶粘剂构成的， 这样， 就可把天然胶粘剂与合成胶粘剂的优点有机地结合起来， 从而可以 生产真正具有实用价值的、 可自然降解环保花盆。 采用这样的胶粘剂制成 的花盆， 既可以像以天然胶粘剂 （如面粉）制成的花盆一样自然降解为无 毒、 无害的物质， 又可以像以合成胶粘剂 （如尿素曱醛）制成的花盆一样 在必要使用期内保持一定的机械强度， 从而可以保持较长的使用期。
这样， 本发明可自然降解的环保花盆适合种植各种花卉， 可随植物生 长逐步降解， 移植时可连盆一起埋如入土中， 丟弃后迅速降解， 不会造成 污染。
在制备本发明可自然降解的环保花盆时， 粉碎后植物纤维的颗粒大小 可控制在 20-180目之间，优选为 40-160目，更优选为 60-100目。实际上， 植物纤维的颗粒大小对于花盆的透气性、 机械强度、 使用寿命等都有着十 分重要的影响。
优选地， 本发明可自然降解的环保花盆中包括 60%-80% (干重比） 的 植物纤维， 其余则为胶粘剂、 生产加工的润滑剂等。 由于本发明的花盆中， 植物纤维的含量至少可以超过整个花盆干重的一半， 因此， 其制造成本较 低， 而且易降解。 更优选地， 本发明可自然降解的环保花盆中， 植物纤维 与胶粘剂的干重比控制在 2: 1-5: 1之间， 最优选在 2. 5: 1-3. 5: 1之间。
本发明所采用的胶粘剂是以氧化淀粉（羧基含量 1%以上为佳）与聚乙 烯醇（ PVA ) (醇解度为 97%以上 )、聚己内酯（ PCL ) (分子量 50000- 120000 )、 氨基树脂（尿醛树脂、 蜜胺树脂或两者的混合物， 环保等级 E0-E3级为佳） 中的一种或多种混合而成。
因为氧化淀粉虽然是一种价格低廉、 流动性良好的胶粘剂， 但其胶合 强度及抗水性不足， 所以本发明中加入其他可降解高分子材料对其进行改 性， 以提高其胶合强度及抗水性。 本发明的胶粘剂中氧化淀粉的组份可以 为 20-80% (干重比）, 其余为聚乙烯醇 ( PVA )、 聚己内酯 ( PCL )、 氨基 (树 脂）中的一种或多种的混合物。多种高分子与氧化淀粉混合所制成的黏合剂 比单种高分子与氧化淀粉混合所制成的黏合剂性能更佳。 根据植物生长周 期的需要， 可通过调整氧化淀粉的含量， 来调整本发明花盆的使用期。 一 般来说， 3个月种植期的花盆氧化淀粉的组份为 60%。 氧化淀粉比例越高， 花盆种植期越短。
作为一种具体实施方案，本发明的胶粘剂可以为氧化淀粉与聚乙烯醇、 聚己内酯、 氨基塑料模塑粉的混合物。 采用这样的设计， 胶粘剂的胶粘效 果好， 且成份复杂， 降解后更有利于植株生长。
植物纤维可选用稻壳粉、 竹粉、 木粉、 椰子壳粉以及其他可粉碎至
20-180 目、 优选 60- 100 目的农作物的壳或茎杆。 其中， 稻壳粉以其价格 低廉、 来源广泛而可作为首选。
另一方面， 本发明还提供了一种可自然降解的环保花盆的制造方法， 该方法包括下述步驟：
(1)将植物纤维粉碎、 过筛；
(2)将粉碎后的植物纤维与胶粘剂混合；
(3)将模具加热至 120- 180°C, 优选为 130-160°C;
(4)将步驟（2)所得的混合料与润滑剂、 适量的水混合均匀后， 加 入上述已加热的模具中进行压制， 得到成型产品， 其中压制的压力为 15-100Mpa, 尤选为 40—80 Mpa。
本发明的制造方法还可进一步包括：
(5)产品成型后在尚有余温时进行打磨。 打磨包括磨去飞边、 打好花 盆底部的排水孔等。
上述的制造方法中 , 步骤（ 2 )中的胶粘剂可在与粉碎后的植物纤维进 —行混合之前 也先进行 碎， 即可以将植物纤维与胶粘剂干粉分别粉碎， 如粉碎至 60 - 100目， 然后混合均匀。
上述的制造方法中， 步骤（2)中的胶粘剂也可在与粉碎后的植物纤维 进行混合之前， 先溶于水中， 并在与粉碎后的植物纤维搅拌混合均匀后进 行干燥。 如此混合方法， 可令多种成分的胶粘剂混合均匀， 也让胶粘剂与 植物纤维的混合更加均匀。 例如， 可以将过筛后的植物纤维与含胶粘剂
20%- 30%的水溶液放入搅拌机中充分混合后取出，放入滚筒干燥机中， 脱水 直至含水量 5%- 10%。
上述方法的步骤（4 ) 中， 混合料： 润滑剂 （硬脂酸锌或硬脂酸 ）： 水的重量比可以为 100: 1 : 5-10。
上述方法的步骤（4 )中， 压制的时间可以为 0. 4- 1. 5分钟， 而且中间 可以排气 1-3次。
步骤（4 )中加入润滑剂有助于增加模压料（混合料、 润滑剂与水混合 后所得物料）的流动性， 且更易于脱模。 这样， 以天然植物纤维为主原料， 配合以氧化淀粉为基 的加入其他可降解高分子改性的胶粘剂， 一次热压 成型。 生产出的花盆机械加工性能良好， 类似塑料， 可生产各种复杂结构 的产品， 适合大规模机械化种植的需要。
步驟（ 1 )中植物纤维应粉碎为 20-180目、 优选 60-100目的颗粒。 如 此设计， 是因为如果植物纤维过粗， 会降低材料的流动性， 不适合种植型 花盆的复杂结构， 如果过细， 则加工难度大， 成本高。
如果胶粘剂也是经粉碎而与植物纤维颗粒混合， 那么过筛后的植物纤 维、 胶粘剂的颗粒细度比可控制在 1 : 0. 5- 2之间。 如此设计， 是因为细度 相差过大会引起混合不够均匀， 影响产品的表面质量及胶合强度， 也会使 一些结构复杂的产品成型不好。
本发明可自然降解的环保花盆具有成本低廉、 可自然降解的优点， 其 使用期及强度适度并可根据需要调整， 是现有花盆， 特别是一次性塑料花 盆的理想替代品， 适合种植各种花卉， 特别适合大规模机械化种植。 下面， 结合具体实施方案来详细地说明本发明。 这些具体实施方式并 非是对本发明的限定。 在本发明的基础上， 本领域的普通技术人员完全可 以不经创造性劳动而作出相应的改进或改变， 但这些改进或改变仍在本发 明的保护范围内。 具体实施方式
实施例 1
釆用以下的制造方法制备本实施例的可自然降解的环保花盆：
1 ) 植物纤维粉碎后， 过 60- 100目筛， 得过筛料；
2 ) 过筛后的植物纤维 60克和 200克含 20%固含量的胶粘剂水溶液放入 搅拌机中充分混合后取出； 再放入滚筒干燥机中， 脱水直至含水量 5%-10% 得混合料；
3 ) 在混合料中加入 1克润滑剂——硬脂酸辞和 5-10克水， 然后充分搅 拌均勾， 得模压料；
4 ) 将上述模压料投入到加热至 130- 160Ό的模具中，压力为 50- l OOMpa , 压制时间为 0. 4-1. 5分钟， 中间排气 1-3次， 产品成型；
5 ) 成型产品， 在尚有余温时磨去飞边， 打好花盆底部的排水孔即可。
其中步骤 2；)中的胶粘剂由 10克聚乙烯醇（ PVA )、 10克聚己内酯 ( PCL )、 和 10克氨基树脂、 10克氧化淀粉按顺序投入到 90-95 °C的水中充分溶解搅 4半均 ¾而 。 实施例 2
采用以下的制造方法制备本实施例的可自然降解的环保花盆: 1)植物纤维粉碎后， 过 60- 100目筛， 得过筛料；
2) 过筛后的植物纤维 80克和 100克含 20%固含量的胶粘剂水溶液放入搅拌 机中充分混合后取出； 再放入滚筒干燥机中， 脱水直至含水量 5%-10%, 得混合料；
3)在混合料中加入 1克润滑剂一一硬脂酸锌和 5-10克水， 然后充分搅拌 均匀， 得模压料；
4)将上述模压料投入到加热至 130- 160 °C的模具中， 压力为 50-100Mpa , 压制时间为 0. 4- 1. 5分钟， 中间排气 1-3次， 产品成型；
5) 成型产品， 在尚有余温时磨去飞边， 打好花盆底部的排水孔即可。
其中步骤 2 ) 中的胶粘剂由 5克聚己内酯（PCL )、 和 5克氨基树脂、 1 0克氧化淀粉按顺序投入到 90-95 °C的水中充分溶解搅拌均匀而成。 实施例 3
采用以下的制造方法制备本实施例的可自然降解的环保花盆：
1)植物纤维粉碎后， 过 60- 1 00目筛， 得过筛料；
2)过筛后的植物纤维 70克和 150克含 20%固含量的胶粘剂水溶液放入搅拌 机中充分混合后取出； 再放入滚筒干燥机中， 脱水直至含水量 5%-10°/。， 得 混合料；
3)在混合料中加入 1克润滑剂一一硬脂酸锌和 5- 10克水，然后充分搅拌均 匀， '得模压料；
4)将上述模压料投入到加热至 130-160。C的模具中， 压力为 50- l OOMpa , 压制时间为 0. 4- 1. 5分钟， 中间排气 1-3次， 产品成型；
5)成型产品， 在尚有余温时磨去飞边， 打好花盆底部的排水孔即可。 其中步骤 2 ) 中的胶粘剂由 5克聚乙烯醇（PVA )、 5克氨基树脂、 20 克氧化淀粉按顺序投入到 90- 95 °C的水中充分溶解搅拌均勾而成。 实施例 4
采用以下的制造方法制备本实施例的可自然降解的环保花盆：
1)植物纤维粉碎后， 过 60- 100目筛， 得过筛料；
2)过篩后的植物纤维 60克和 160克含 25%固含量的胶粘剂水溶液放入搅拌 机中充分混合后取出； 再放入滚筒干燥机中， 脱水直至含水量 5°/。 - 10%, 得 混合料；
3)在混合料中加入 1克润滑剂一一硬脂酸锌和 5- 10克水，然后充分搅拌均 匀， 得模压料；
4)将上述模压料投入到加热至 130- 160°C的模具中， 压力为 50- l OOMpa , 压制时间为 0. 4-1. 5分钟， 中间排气 1-3次， 产品成型；
5)成型产品， 在尚有余温时磨去飞边， 打好花盆底部的排水孔即可。
其中步骤 2 )中的胶粘剂由 5克聚乙烯醇（PVA ) 5克聚己内酯（PCL )、 和 5克氨基树脂、 25克氧化淀粉按顺序投入到 90- 95 °C的水中充分溶解搅 拌均勾而成。 实施例 5
― 本实施例制备一种种植期为 个月的 自―然降解的坏保花盆： 将聚乙 烯醇（ PVA ) 3克、 聚己内酯（ PCL ) 2克、 氨基树脂 2克、 氧化淀粉 18克， 按顺序投入到在 125克 90 - 95 °C水中充分溶解混合搅拌均匀， 加入 80目稻 壳粉 75克， 在搅拌机中充分搅拌， 然后放入滚筒干燥机中， 脱水直至含水 量 5%-l Q%, 得混合料； 边搅拌边放入硬脂酸辞 1克、 水 6克， 充分搅拌后 即得模压料。搅拌均匀是其中的关键因素。将模压料放入到加热至 130-160 °C的模具中， 压力为 70Mpa , 压制时间为 1分钟， 中间排气 2次， 产品成 型后取出。 实施例 6
本实施例制备一种种植期为 6个月的可自然降解的环保花盆： 将聚乙 烯醇（PVA ) 7克、 氨基塑料模塑粉 8克、 氧化淀粉 10克， 按顺序投入到 在 125克 90- 95 Ό水中充分溶解混合搅拌均匀， 加入 100目竹粉 75克， 在 搅拌机中充分搅拌， 然后放入滚筒干燥机中， 脱水直至含水量 5%- 10%, 得 混合料； 边搅拌边放入硬脂酸辞 1克、 水 6克， 充分搅拌后即得模压料。 搅拌均匀是其中的关键因素。 将模压料放入到加热至 130-160 °C的模具中， 压力为 70Mpa , 压制时间为 1分钟， 中间排气 2次， 产品成型后取出。 实施例 7
采用以下的制造方法制备本实施例的可自然降解的环保花盆：
1 ) 将植物纤维、 胶粘剂粉碎后， 分别过 60-1 00目筛， 得过筛料；
2 ) 取过筛后的植物纤维 60克和胶粘剂 40克放入搅拌机搅拌，得混合料；
3 ) 在混合料中加入 1克润滑剂一一硬脂酸锌和 5-10克水， 然后充分搅拌 均匀 T得模压料；
4 ) 将上述模压料投入到加热至 130-160 °C的模具中， 压力为 15- 30Mpa， 压制时间为 0. 4- 1. 5分钟， 中间排气 1-3次， 产品成型；
5 ) 取出成型产品， 在尚有余温时磨去飞边， 打好花盆底部的排水孔即可。 其中， 步骤 2) 中的胶粘剂由 10克氧化淀粉、 10克聚乙烯醇（PVA)、 克聚己内酯 （PCL)、 和 10克氨基塑料模塑粉组成。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种可自然降解的环保花盆， 该环保花盆包括粉碎的植物纤维、 胶 粘剂以及润滑剂， 其中， 所述的胶粘剂由氧化淀粉与聚乙烯醇、 聚己内酯 和氨基树脂中的一种或多种混合而成。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的环保花盆， 其特征在于， 所述的植物纤维的颗 粒大小为 20-180目， 优选为 40-160目， 更优选为 60-100目。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的环保花盆， 其特征在于， 所述的环保花盆包括 60%-80 (干重比） 的植物纤维。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的环保花盆， 其特征在于， 所述的植物纤维与 所述的胶粘剂的干重比在 2 : 1-4： 1之间, 优选为 2. 5: 1-3. 5 : 1。
5、 如权利要求 1-4之一所述的环保花盆， 其特征在于， 所述的胶粘剂 中氧化淀粉的含量为 20-80% (干重比）。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的环保花盆， 其特征在于， 所述的胶粘剂为氧化 淀粉与聚乙烯醇、—聚己内—酯、 氨—基树脂的混合物。
7、 一种可自然降解的环保花盆的制造方法， 该方法包括下述步骤： ( 1 )将植物纤维粉碎、 过筛； ( 2 )将粉碎后的植物纤维与胶粘剂混合；
(3)将模具加热至 120- 180°C, 优选为 130-160°C;
(4)将步驟（2)所得的混合料与润滑剂、 适量的水混合均匀后， 加 入上述已加热的模具中进行压制， 得到成型产品， 其中压制的压力为 15-100Mpa。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的制造方法， 其特征在于， 所述的方法进一步包 括：
(5)产品成型后在尚有余温时进行打磨。
9、 如权利要求 7或 8所述的制造方法， 其特征在于， 步骤（2) 中的 胶粘剂在与粉碎后的植物纤维进行混合之前， 也先进行粉碎。
10、 如权利要求 7或 8所述的制造方法， 其特征在于， 步骤（2) 中的 胶粘剂在与粉碎后的植物纤维进行混合之前， 先溶于水中， 并在与粉碎后 的植物纤维混合后进行干燥。
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